Journal articles: 'Stoss (Firm)'

1

Dagher, Jihad C. "SUDDEN STOPS, OUTPUT DROPS, AND CREDIT COLLAPSES." Macroeconomic Dynamics 18, no. 4 (March 28, 2013): 812–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1365100512000624.

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This paper proposes a tractable sudden stop model to explain the main patterns in firm-level data from a sample of Southeast Asian firms during the Asian crisis. The model incorporates trend shocks and financial frictions, features that have so far been used separately in the literature on emerging markets. A negative shock to trend productivity growth can account, in our model, for the drop in output and its swift recovery together with the sizable and persistent downward adjustment in firms' Tobin's Q and debt levels. These patterns are broadly shared by most sudden stop episodes as documented in the literature. Trend shocks can also generate, in our model, strong leverage effects in line with the firm-level data and other observations from the literature.

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Kedia, Simi, Kevin Koh, and Shivaram Rajgopal. "Evidence on Contagion in Earnings Management." Accounting Review 90, no. 6 (February 1, 2015): 2337–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.2308/accr-51062.

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ABSTRACT We examine contagion in earnings management using 2,376 restatements announced during the years 1997–2008. Controlling for industry and firm characteristics, firms are more likely to begin managing earnings after the public announcement of a restatement by another firm in their industry or neighborhood. Such contagion is absent when the restating firm is disciplined by the SEC or class action lawsuits, suggesting deterrent effects of enforcement activity. Contagion among peers is observed (1) in the same account as the one restated by the target firm, or (2) when larger target firms restate or the restatement is prominently disclosed, or (3) when the target firm's restatement is less severe. Contagion stops during the years 2003–2005, possibly due to the enforcement associated with the Sarbanes-Oxley Act (SOX), but reappears during 2006–2008, perhaps because the sting associated with SOX has worn off. In sum, peers' actions appear to affect a firm's earnings management decisions.

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Ates, Sina T., and Felipe E. Saffie. "Fewer but Better: Sudden Stops, Firm Entry, and Financial Selection." American Economic Journal: Macroeconomics 13, no. 3 (July 1, 2021): 304–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.1257/mac.20180014.

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We develop a tractable quantitative framework to study the productivity effects of financial crises. The model features endogenous productivity, heterogeneous firm dynamics, and aggregate risk. Selection of the most promising ideas gives rise to a trade-off between mass (quantity) and composition (quality) in the entrant cohort. Chilean plant-level data from the sudden stop triggered by the Russian sovereign default in 1998 confirm the model’s main mechanism, as firms born during the credit shortage are fewer but better in terms of idiosyncratic productivity. The quantitative analysis shows that at the end of the crisis, total output is permanently 0.9 percent lower. (JEL D22, E32, F41, G01, O11, O14, O33)

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Li, Zengquan, T. J. Wong, and Gwen Yu. "Information Dissemination through Embedded Financial Analysts: Evidence from China." Accounting Review 95, no. 2 (August 1, 2019): 257–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.2308/accr-52521.

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ABSTRACT When emerging market firms disclose relationship-based transactions, they face a trade-off in which greater transparency may help lower their cost of capital at the cost of revealing proprietary information. We find that firms overcome this challenge by relying on analysts within their private networks (i.e., connected analysts) who, through repeated interaction with the firm, can better verify relationship-based transactions. Using Chinese firms, we show that firms with more connected analysts have more accurate consensus forecasts and lower forecast dispersion. When a connected analyst departs and stops covering a firm, the accuracy and informativeness of the unconnected analysts' forecasts decrease, suggesting that information spills over from the connected analyst to analysts outside the network. We find a potential mechanism for this information spillover: communication through common institutional clients, which suggests that embedded financial analysts—those sharing close connections with firms and analysts—serve as a channel for disseminating proprietary, hard-to-verify information. JEL Classifications: G14; G15; M40; N25. Data Availability: Data are available from sources identified in the text.

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Brunnermeier, Markus K., and Yuliy Sannikov. "International Credit Flows and Pecuniary Externalities." American Economic Journal: Macroeconomics 7, no. 1 (January 1, 2015): 297–338. http://dx.doi.org/10.1257/mac.20140054.

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This paper develops a dynamic two-country neoclassical stochastic growth model with incomplete markets. Short-term credit flows can be excessive and reverse suddenly. The equilibrium outcome is constrained inefficient due to pecuniary externalities. First, an undercapitalized country borrows too much since each firm does not internalize that an increase in production capacity undermines their output price, worsening their terms of trade. From an ex ante perspective each firm undermines the natural “terms of trade hedge.” Second, sudden stops and fire sales lead to sharp price drops of illiquid capital. Capital controls or domestic macro-prudential measures that limit short-term borrowing can improve welfare. (JEL F32, F43, G15, O41)

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Choi, K. K. "Fire stops for plastic pipe." Fire Technology 23, no. 4 (November 1987): 267–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf01040584.

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7

Fimone, Wilfred. "Onset glottal stop deletion in Suva Rotuman." Variation in the Pacific 6, no. 2 (December 18, 2020): 196–221. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/aplv.19016.fim.

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Abstract This paper studies onset glottal stop deletion in the speech of Suva Rotumans, Fiji. The speech of 18 speakers was analysed and seven factors were tested to identify their prediction on glottal stop deletion. The linguistic factors tested were preceding sound segment, grammatical class, syllable stress, and style, while the social factors were age, gender, and denominational affiliation. Results reveal a change in progress, but towards glottal stop retention. Younger Rotumans and older Rotuman women are deleting glottal stops less compared to middle-aged women and older men. The low incidence of deletion by younger speakers is most probably due to identity, language education in Rotuman, and their increased awareness of their role in preserving the language. Additionally, older women are deleting glottal stops less, which could be attributed to contact, identity, and their consciousness of the standard.

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Chizhevskaya, Ol'ga Aleksandrovna, and Olga Chigevskaja. "When the Time Stops." Journal of Flm Arts and Film Studies 2, no. 1 (January 15, 2010): 86–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.17816/vgik2186-92.

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This publication contains fragments of the interview with Oleg Negin, a screenwriter, the co-author of "The Banishment" directed by Andrey Zvyagintsev. The full text will be published in the collected articles Andrey Zvyagintsev's Cinema. The interview with Oleg explores the main stages of a creative process: the emerging of the idea (a mysterious and intimate period in the life of an artist), its realization in the script "The Banishment", the collaboration with the director A. Zvyagintsev, the production of the film. Special attention is paid to the evaluation of the result and the acquired experience

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9

Lastauskas, Povilas, Aurelija Proškutė, and Alminas Žaldokas. "How do firms adjust when trade stops?" Journal of Economic Behavior & Organization 216 (December 2023): 287–307. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jebo.2023.09.004.

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10

Ates, Sina T., and Felipe E. Saffie. "Fewer but Better: Sudden Stops, Firm Entry, and Financial Selection?" International Finance Discussion Paper 2016, no. 1187 (December 2016): 1–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.17016/ifdp.2016.1187.

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11

Jebaraj Benjamin, Samuel, Uthiyakumar Murugaiah, and M. Srikamaladevi Marathamuthu. "The use of SMED to eliminate small stops in a manufacturing firm." Journal of Manufacturing Technology Management 24, no. 5 (May 31, 2013): 792–807. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/17410381311328016.

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12

Roger, Philippe. "Land Without Bread: A film that never stops ringing." Music, Sound, and the Moving Image 4, no. 2 (January 2010): 173–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.3828/msmi.2010.11.

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13

Walsh, Gianfranco, Peter Walgenbach, Heiner Evanschitzky, and Mario Schaarschmidt. "Service Productivity: What Stops Service Firms from Measuring It?" Journal of Organisational Transformation & Social Change 13, no. 1 (January 2, 2016): 5–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/14779633.2016.1148890.

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14

Gardner, Timothy J., and T. Davis Sydnor. "Preliminary Studies in Photographic Determination of Tree Shade Capacities." HortScience 22, no. 1 (February 1987): 145–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.21273/hortsci.22.1.145.

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Abstract Photographs of five fully foliaged shade tree canopies (Acer. rubrum, Gleditsia triacanthos inermis, Gymnocladus dioicus, Pyrus calleryana, and Zelkova serrata) were taken using four film types, 50- and 28-mm lenses, and a range of three f-stops. Photographs of four leafless shade tree canopies (Gleditsia, Gymnocladus, Pyrus, and Zelkova) were taken using three film types and two lenses, at two f-stops. Film densities were determined with a light source and quantum sensor system for negatives of fully foliaged and leafless canopies and correlated with mean percentage of shade measured with a pyranometer. Pan-X film, at the correct f-stop setting, gave the highest correlation to mean percentage of the fully foliaged canopies. The 50-mm lens gave a higher correlation than the 28-mm lenses. Plus-X film, at an f-stop one above the proper setting, gave the highest correlation to mean percentage of shade of the leafless canopy. Plus-X film produced the most consistent results when photographs of the leafless canopy were taken during different days and times of the day. Using a densitometer to measure film density of the negatives gave high correlations to mean percentage of shade of the leafless canopy.

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15

Jain, J. P., Sahab Singh, N. S. Tyagi, Harpal Singh, and Ilam Singh. "Performance of ceramic-block fire stops for power cable installations." Fire Technology 32, no. 3 (1996): 272–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf01040219.

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16

Just, Michael G., Matthew G. Hohmann, and William A. Hoffmann. "Where fire stops: vegetation structure and microclimate influence fire spread along an ecotonal gradient." Plant Ecology 217, no. 6 (November 23, 2015): 631–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11258-015-0545-x.

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17

Yogesh, Inchara, K. R. Suresh Kumar, Niveditha Candrashekaran, Dhrithi Reddy, and Harshitha Sampath. "Predicting Job Satisfaction and Employee Turnover Using Machine Learning." Journal of Computational and Theoretical Nanoscience 17, no. 9 (July 1, 2020): 4092–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.1166/jctn.2020.9024.

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Employee turn_over inflicts costs on the company. The employee must be supplanted, and the new employee trained. These quits may likewise make critical and exorbitant interruptions the production process. This gives lucid motivation to the firm to forestall stops or, in any event, to have the option to anticipate when and where stops can be anticipated. On the off chance that employees are approached to assess their superiors and the appropriate responses will be made accessible to the superior, it is most obvious that only positive feedbacks will be provided. Along these lines, the point is to utilize Machine Learning techniques to foresee employee turn_over. Appropriate predictions cause companies to take necessary decisions on employee retention or succession planning. Algorithms: One-Sample T-Test (T-Test), Decision Tree (DT), AdaBoost (AB), Logistic Regression (LR), Random Forest Classifier (RFC).

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18

Zhuravleva, Larisa. "Improving the efficiency of extinguishing forest grass-roots fires with knapsack forest fire extinguishers." E3S Web of Conferences 381 (2023): 01021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202338101021.

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The most effective means of fighting forest fires is the timely detection of fires, monitoring and patrolling of recreation areas, extinguishing of unquenched fires. The purpose of the research is to increase the efficiency of extinguishing forest grass-roots fires with knapsack forest fire extinguishers based on constructive and technical solutions that ensure economical use of fire extinguishing agents. The article presents studies of the characteristics of sprayed water, water vapor, affecting the effectiveness of extinguishing. Optimal ratios of the design parameters of the developed knapsack forest fire extinguishers are given. With a short-term exposure to steam on the hearth, diffusion combustion stops. The condition for stopping the burning of wood is the cessation of flame combustion and cooling of coals formed during combustion to a temperature below the pyrolysis temperature, i.e. below 200 ° C. In the case of heterogeneous combustion, the effect of a jet of water vapor on the centers of smoldering is ineffective. To cool the diffusion flame torch, a steam consumption of 1.9 kg per kilogram of wood is required. The water vapor consumption required to dilute the gaseous pyrolysis products formed from one kilogram of wood is about 7 kg. The presented experimental studies confirm the effectiveness of sprayed water and steam as independent extinguishing agents and means of creating support strips. To achieve a critical level of moisture content, the thickness of the condensate film should be at least 0.1 mm. The effective velocity of the steam source is about 1.5-2.5 km/h.

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19

Zhu, Congcong, Jinghua Yin, Yu Feng, Jialong Li, Yanpeng Li, He Zhao, Dong Yue, and Xiaoxu Liu. "Enhanced Energy Storage Performance of PVDF-Based Composites Using BN@PDA Sheets and Titania Nanosheets." Materials 15, no. 13 (June 21, 2022): 4370. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ma15134370.

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With the rapid development of modern electrical and electronic applications, the demand for high-performance film capacitors is becoming increasingly urgent. The energy density of a capacitor is dependent on permittivity and breakdown strength. However, the development of polymer-based composites with both high permittivity (εr) and breakdown strength (Eb) remains a huge challenge. In this work, a strategy of doping synergistic dual-fillers with complementary functionalities into polymer is demonstrated, by which high εr and Eb are obtained simultaneously. Small-sized titania nanosheets (STNSs) with high εr and high-insulating boron nitride sheets coated with polydopamine on the surface (BN@PDA) were introduced into poly(vinylidene fluoride) (PVDF) to prepare a ternary composite. Remarkably, a PVDF-based composite with 1 wt% BN@PDA and 0.5 wt% STNSs (1 wt% PVDF/BN@PDA−STNSs) shows an excellent energy storage performance, including a high εr of ~13.9 at 1 Hz, a superior Eb of ~440 kV/mm, and a high discharged energy density Ue of ~12.1 J/cm3. Moreover, the simulation results confirm that BN@PDA sheets improve breakdown strength and STNSs boost polarization, which is consistent with the experimental results. This contribution provides a new design paradigm for energy storage dielectrics.

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Ahmed, Ashar, Ahmad Farhan Mohd Sadullah, and Ahmad Shukri Yahya. "Effect of Roadside Development on the Safety of Intersections without Signals." Applied Mechanics and Materials 802 (October 2015): 393–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.802.393.

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Roadside development plays an important role in the safety of the entire road in general and intersections in particular. Illegal and improper buildouts such as roadside kiosks, bus stops and fire stations are an accident hazard and a hindrance towards sustainable development. This paper presents the first account of analysis of safety evaluation of intersections with respect to roadside development in Malaysia. The data collected on 14 sites was analyzed. The results indicated that the bus stops and restaurants located right infront of the unsignalized intersections were the major contributory factors in decreasing the safety. Moreover it was found that facilities staggered away from the intersection such as another access point are less hazardous. It is recommended that relevant authorities should ensure the removal of such risky roadside developments.

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Goel, Sachin, Neha Jain, Ekta Narang, and Suparna Roy. "Bilateral sternocleidomastoid tumor of infancy: a rare diagnostic dilemma." International Journal of Otorhinolaryngology and Head and Neck Surgery 6, no. 7 (June 25, 2020): 1377. http://dx.doi.org/10.18203/issn.2454-5929.ijohns20202799.

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Sternocleidomastoid tumor of infancy (STOI) is a common cause of neck mass in the neonatal period. However, STOIs presenting bilaterally is a rare finding in medical literature. We herein report an unusual case of a bilateral STOI in a five-week infant. The child was given physical therapy which consisted of active and passive physical exercises, warm compresses and massage. Within 10 weeks the swellings reduced considerably in size. Bilateral, firm masses are often confused with lymphadenopathy and are inadvertently treated with antibiotics. Hence, STOI should be kept as an important differential diagnosis for neck mass in the neonatal period.

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22

Jensen, Geir. "Fire spread modes and performance of fire stops in vented façade constructions – overview and standardization of test methods." MATEC Web of Conferences 9 (2013): 02002. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/matecconf/20130902002.

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23

Deng, Jun, Shi Rong Li, and Zheng Xin Yan. "Dynamic Simulation on Longitudinal Temperature Distribution of Tunnel Ceiling Based on Moving Fire Source." Advanced Materials Research 610-613 (December 2012): 752–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.610-613.752.

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Several tunnel fires were caused by the fire source loaded in moving vehicle. The physical model was designed based on real road tunnel to simulate the distribution of longitudinal temperature. Through fire dynamic simulation software FDS, the fire processes when moving vehicle stabilized and traveled at 10m/s and 15m/s in tunnel were simulated under natural ventilation of 2.7m/s. The purpose of research includes three aspects, first, the temperature field in the early stage when moving fire travels into tunnel; second, influence of moving fire on the longitudinal temperature distribution; third, explores the change of temperature peak and its influential factors when vehicles stops and combustion stabilizes. Simulation indicates that the airflow filed movement induced by moving fire to certain degree blocks the spread of heat released in the direction opposite to fire movement and it also entrains high temperature airflow into its movement. When ventilation direction is accordant with vehicle moving direction, the stabilized value of highest temperature point of ceiling tends to be higher than that when the directions are opposite.

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24

Hu, Xiaoxue, Jiacheng Hu, and Jiangxu Kong. "The Surviving Rate of IC-Planar Graphs." Symmetry 14, no. 6 (June 17, 2022): 1258. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/sym14061258.

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Let k and n be two positive integers. Firefighting is a discrete dynamical process of preventing the spread of fire. Let G be a connected graph G with n vertices. Assuming a fire starts at one of the vertices of G, the firefighters choose k unburned vertices at each step, and then the fire spreads to all unprotected neighbors of the burning vertices. The process continues until the fire stops spreading. The goal is to protect as many vertices as possible. When a fire breaks out randomly at a vertex of G, its k-surviving rate, ρk(G), is the expected number of saved vertices. A graph is IC-planar if it has a drawing in which each edge cross once and their endpoints are disjoint. In this paper, we prove that ρ4(G)>1124 for every IC-planar graph G. This is proven by the discharging method and the locally symmetric of the graph.

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25

Rini Nuraini. "RANCANG BANGUN ROBOT LINE FOLLOWER PEMADAM API BERBASIS MIKROKONTROLLER ATMEGA 16." JURNAL SATYA INFORMATIKA 5, no. 01 (February 21, 2022): 33–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.59134/jsk.v5i01.43.

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The fire area is not always in an easily accessible place, under certain conditions, there are times when it is not possible for humans to extinguish fires in the event of a fire, so certain smarter devices need to have the ability to detect and extinguish fires, namely Fire Extinguisher Robot. Robot Line Follower Fire Extinguisher designed by the author, works walking to find hotspots, if the sensor gets hot temperatures or hotspots, then the ic microcomtroller stops the dc motor, then another dc motor will be active to turn on the fan or fan. The method in this paper begins with designing a robot using the Proteus 8 simulator, making a robot, finally conducting a test and measurement. This study uses three dc motors, one dc motor to simulate the open lid or activate a fan or fan, two dc motorsto run the robot. The output of this robot is a line follower robot that serves to extinguish the fire

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Hufnagel, T. C., S. Brennan, A. P. Payne, and B. M. Clemens. "Observation of a rapid amorphization reaction." Journal of Materials Research 7, no. 8 (August 1992): 1976–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.1557/jmr.1992.1976.

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We have observed a rapid amorphization reaction at ambient temperature in the Gd/Co system by employing grazing incidence x-ray scattering. We find that a 135 Å crystalline Gd film is amorphized in less than 30 min by deposition of Co. We postulate that the rapidity of the reaction is due to surface diffusion of Co atoms after deposition to fast diffusion sites such as grain boundaries in the Gd film. Once the interfacial region has been amorphized these fast diffusion paths are sealed off from the surface, rapid diffusion of Co into the Gd crystalline layer is prevented, and the amorphization reaction stops.

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Verdet, Cécile, Fabien Salmon, Colette Sirieix, and Delphine Lacanette. "Water saturation variation in a fire-heated limestone gallery monitored by ERT." Geophysical Journal International 227, no. 1 (June 22, 2021): 660–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/gji/ggab239.

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SUMMARY Water migration within the rock mass during a fire has not yet been studied. Here, an innovative high-resolution micro-ERT method is developed at a centimetric scale to measure this phenomenon. The method is two-step based: first, a correction of the electrode effect, and second, the correction of resistivity for rapid variations in temperature with high values. Water migration is successfully described within the wall of an underground limestone quarry with three phases: from fire ignition to 36 min, the surface dries to a 3-cm depth and a higher saturated layer forms deeper than 0.10 m; from 36 min to 46 min (fire supply stops), the rock dries out and water migrates from deeper parts of the rock wall, deeper than 20 cm, towards the surface; finally, after fire extinction, the water migrates through a readjustment phase until it returns to its initial state.

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NG, Felix, and Bernard Hallet. "Patterning mechanisms in subglacial carbonate dissolution and deposition." Journal of Glaciology 48, no. 162 (2002): 386–400. http://dx.doi.org/10.3189/172756502781831214.

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AbstractDeglaciated bedrock surfaces in limestone areas often exhibit extensive patterning by solutional furrows and carbonate deposits that occur in close association with undulations in the bed topography. These features clearly result from subglacial dissolution and precipitation of calcite on the bed — induced, for instance, by melting and freezing in a regelation water film — but little is known about the observed morphology. In particular, it is intriguing that (i) the solutional furrows, whose formation requires explanation, are collectively organized into arcuate patterns, with characteristic spacing, and (ii) a fluted or “spiculed” surface texture is ubiquitous on the calcite deposits. Herein, we propose specific mechanisms for such patterning based on a theory where chemical processes in the water film are coupled to regelation physics. Solutional furrows reflect locally enhanced dissolution along stoss surfaces, where CO2-rich bubbles advected in the ice from up-glacier come into contact with the bed. The bubbles form as CO2 is exsolved from freezing film water at the lee of bed bumps. The flutings on the deposit are inherently the manifestation of a spatial instability at the interface where calcite precipitation occurs. Complex interactions underlie some of the striking glacier-bed features shaped by subglacial chemical processes.

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Марзаева, В. И. "Математическое моделирование распространения верховых лесных пожаров при наличии противопожарных разрывов и заслонов." Журнал технической физики 89, no. 8 (2019): 1141. http://dx.doi.org/10.21883/jtf.2019.08.47883.392-18.

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Using the method of mathematical modeling, the process of spreading forest fires in the presence of fire breaks and barriers consisting of hardwood trees was studied. Mathematically, this problem is reduced to solving the Reynolds equations for turbulent flow, taking into account chemical reactions. To obtain a discrete analogue, the control volume method was used. Using numerical calculations, we obtained the distributions of the fields of velocity, temperature, oxygen concentrations, volatile products of pyrolysis, combustion and volume fractions of the condensed phase. The model allowed us to obtain contours of the spread of forest fires, which depend on the stock and type of forest combustible materials, moisture content, velocity and direction of wind, etc. It was also possible to determine the dependence of the sizes of fire breaks and barriers on the above parameters, at which the crown fire stops spreading.

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Prashad, Har. "Theoretical Analysis of Capacitive Effect of Roller Bearings on Repeated Starts and Stops of a Machine Operating Under the Influence of Shaft Voltages." Journal of Tribology 114, no. 4 (October 1, 1992): 818–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/1.2920954.

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A theoretical analysis has been carried out to study the capacitive effects of roller bearings on repeated starts and stops of a machine operating under the influence of shaft voltages. The analysis gives the time required for the charge accumulation and increase of charge with time on the bearing surfaces based on bearing capacitance, resistance of film thickness and the shaft voltage. Also, it investigates the effect of gradual leakage of the accumulated charges with time as the shaft voltage falls as soon as the power supply to the machine is switched off. This paper gives an approach to determine ratio of the number of shaft revolutions required for charge accumulation and gradual discharge of the accumulated charges on the bearing surfaces depending on bearing to shaft voltage. Also, number of repeated starts and stops before initiation of craters on roller track of races are established to restrict the deterioration and damage of bearings.

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Simionescu, Tudor Mihai, Alina Adriana Minea, and Paulo Nobre Balbis dos Reis. "Fire Properties of Acrylonitrile Butadiene Styrene Enhanced with Organic Montmorillonite and Exolit Fire Retardant." Applied Sciences 9, no. 24 (December 11, 2019): 5433. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app9245433.

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In this paper an experimental investigation on fire retardancy of a new polymer nanocomposite derived from organic montmorillonite and exolit fire retardant in an acrylonitrile- butadiene-styrene copolymer by analyzing the flammability and fire behavior is described. The samples were prepared by melting and mixing nanocomposites and fire retardant in different concentrations in an acrylonitrile-butadiene-styrene base polymer. It was found that using only one component (organic montmorillonite or fire retardant) the burning stops in 10 s on the sample. Confirmation of synergy in flammability by combining both montmorillonite and flame retardants was noticed and is discussed regarding the flame-retardant mechanisms assessed by means of the Limiting oxygen index (LOI), UL 94, and cone-calorimeter methods. The acrylonitrile- butadiene-styrene preparation with 15–20 wt% fire retardant and 1–2 wt% organic montmorillonite reached a UL-94 V-0 classification, contrasting with the pure acrylonitrile- butadiene-styrene and the acrylonitrile-butadiene-styrene with 15 wt% fire retardant and acrylonitrile-butadiene-styrene with 1–2 wt% organic montmorillonite formulations, which completely burned. Finally, the samples showed a very good synergy going to a higher reduction of the peak heat release rate and to a minimum mass reduction, as obtained from cone calorimeter tests.

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Wang, Hongli. "What stops creative employees to implement ideas? Individual culture value orientation perspective." Journal of Organizational Change Management 30, no. 6 (October 2, 2017): 872–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/jocm-10-2016-0199.

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Purpose Creativity itself does not necessarily lead to idea implementation. The purpose of this paper is to deeply understand the impact of the individual culture value orientation on employees’ motivation on whether they want to push creative ideas into implementation. Design/methodology/approach In this study, drawing on socially desirable responding (SDR) theory, the author reasons that individual value on power distance and superficial harmony and that these two factors interact to influence employees transform their creativity into implementation. The author argues that prevalence of the failure where creativity cannot be transformed into implementation results from the lack of understanding for two elusive individual culture value orientations: individual superficial harmony orientations (ISHO) and individual power distance orientations (IPDO). Data from 66 middle managers and 301 members of five high-tech firms provide a considerable support for the hypothesized model. Findings The results showed that individuals were able to improve the possibility of putting their creative ideas into practice when they are both lower in IPDO and ISHO. Originality/value Such findings help the author to understand how individual cultural value orientation complements each other to generate joint impact on the relationship between their creative ideas to idea implementation.

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Price, Owen F., and Ross A. Bradstock. "The effect of fuel age on the spread of fire in sclerophyll forest in the Sydney region of Australia." International Journal of Wildland Fire 19, no. 1 (2010): 35. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/wf08167.

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We investigated the effect of fuel age on the truncation of spread of unplanned fires using a set of 1473 patches in the Sydney region of Australia. Twenty-two percent of patches derived from prescribed fire experienced a subsequent unplanned fire within 5 years, compared with 42% of patches derived from unplanned fires. Among those encounters, the subsequent unplanned fire stopped at the leading edge of 18% of prescribed patches and 11% of unplanned patches. In comparison, the subsequent fire stopped somewhere in the patch for 44% of both prescribed and unplanned fires. Overall, there was a 10% chance that a prescribed burn patch would experience an unplanned fire that stops within the patch. Statistical modelling revealed that the presence of a road barrier was the best predictor of the likelihood of stopping on the leading edge, but fuel age and weather also had an influence. Stopping on the trailing edge was less influenced by the variables analysed. In extreme weather, even 1-year-old patches have a low likelihood of stopping unplanned fires. Fuel age had little influence on the spread of unplanned fires. Consequently, prescribed fires will be most effective when sited at the urban interface where resultant reduced unplanned fire intensity will be a benefit.

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EBRAHIM, MUHAMMED-SHAHID, and TARIQULLAH KHAN. "ON THE PRICING OF AN ISLAMIC CONVERTIBLE MORTGAGE FOR INFRASTRUCTURE PROJECT FINANCING." International Journal of Theoretical and Applied Finance 05, no. 07 (November 2002): 701–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0219024902001675.

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This paper models a default-free convertible facility to finance infrastructure projects in emerging Muslim countries. The mortgage is designed as a combination of an Islamic credit facility (allowing the collateralization of debt by the assets of the firm as espoused in Scott[32], Stulz and Johnson[36]) and inclusion of real warrants (as espoused in Green[12], Haugen and Senbet[15]) to mitigate the agency cost of debt discussed in Myers[27]. Numerical simulation is employed to endogenously solve for the rate of return, tenure and fractional ownership to be conveyed to financier upon conversion of the facility without resorting to any interest based (ribawi) index. Finally, sensitivity analysis is conducted to study the impact of exogenous variables and to reconcile with the existing mainstream finance literature such as Barclay and Smith[3], Stohs and Mauer [35] and Guedes and Opler [13].

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Dawson, Jonathan. "Dazzled by the Sun: Corporatising Queensland Film Culture." Media International Australia 89, no. 1 (November 1998): 109–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1329878x9808900112.

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In the wake of economic rationalism and the failed cyber-fantasies of Creative Nation, there has been an increasing tendency towards the corporatisation of film funding bodies at a time when a loosening of self-defensive bureaucratic systems might have been expected. For example, the Film Finance Corporation has created increasingly complex ‘professional’ systems of management and has foreshadowed a ‘last stage’ script assessment process that has created dismay in industry guilds. After exhaustive prior script development (and many funding and script editing stops), a project will face yet another barrier immediately prior to shooting. In addition, the increasing invocation of ‘craft skills' themselves as somehow learnable and precisely quantifiable processes, has dug an even deeper moat around funding bodies. The winding down of Film Queensland and the enhanced corporatisation of the Pacific Film and Television Commission (even to office dress codes!) and incorporation of events such as the Brisbane International Film Festival into an Events Corporation are signs that many largely discredited constructs of The Market are still being applied — to strengthen the power base of the apparatchicks at the expense of their local clients. The events sketched in this paper are paradigmatic of over-regulated and inner-focused arts funding systems that have lost sight of who their real clients should be.

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Dilmi, Toufik, Achour Dakhouche, Mohamed Benaicha, and H’mida Latelli. "Mechanism of action of tin on the semi-conductive properties of PbO layer in lead acid battery." Matériaux & Techniques 109, no. 1 (2021): 106. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/mattech/2021019.

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Although antimony in alloys for lead-acid batteries has better mechanical and electrochemical performance, it reduces the excessive potential for hydrogen evolution, resulting in excessive water loss and self-discharge of the battery. This paper aims to examine the action of tin in PbSn using different techniques. In this work, the addition of tin in PbCa was intended to suppress the premature capacity loss (PCL) caused by the substitution of antimony in the PbSb alloy by calcium that has good mechanical properties and a high hydrogen evolution potential (200 mV higher than that of antimony). This substitution induces the formation of a passive film composed mainly of α-PbO. The mechanism of action of tin on the anodic film obtained at 700 mV vs. Hg/Hg2SO4/K2SO4 saturated electrode with Pb – (0–5) wt.% Sn in 0.5 mol/L sulfuric acid solution at 25 °C was studied using electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS), AC voltammetry, Mott–Schottky plots and X-ray diffraction (XRD) of the film obtained. It was found that tin stops the growth of the anodic film due to the co-precipitation of certain conductive oxides which reduce the thickness of the passive film and increase its conductivity. A mechanism of action of tin on the electrochemical behavior of the anodic film was suggested based on the results.

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Latifah, Nyayu Husni, Masayu Annisah, and Tresna Dewi. "Peat Land Fire Monitoring System Using Fuzzy Logic Algorithm." Computer Engineering and Applications Journal 8, no. 3 (September 24, 2019): 181–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.18495/comengapp.v8i3.297.

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In this research, a fuzzy logic algorithm is implemented in a monitoring system for detecting the potential fires in peat land. The monitoring system in this research employs two sensors as the fuzzy inputs, i.e. TGS 2600 gas sensor and DHT11 temperature sensor. The outputs of the fuzzy logic are the specified conditions of motor activation (PWM) with 3600 rotations. The system is monitored through camera, which sends the monitoring result to android via web server. The result is sent when TGS 2600 and DHT11 sensors detect the determined gas concentration and surrounding temperature. Before sending the result, the rotating motor stops every five minutes to take the photograph of peat land location. The result shows that the algorithm used in this research has been successful in determining the condition of the peat lands correctly and therefore can be used as the early prevention of fires.

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Dangermond, Karin, Ricardo Weewer, Joachim Duyndam, and Anja Machielse. "“If it stops, then I’ll start worrying.” Humor as part of the fire service culture, specifically as part of coping with critical incidents." HUMOR 35, no. 1 (February 1, 2022): 31–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/humor-2021-0106.

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Abstract Firefighters are reluctant to talk about firefighters’ humor with outsiders. This closed attitude has led to a lack of understanding of this important coping strategy in the outside world. It is not clear how firefighters experience humor and its role as part of the fire service culture and why they consider humor to be important when coping with critical incidents. Data has been collected by means of 20 participant observations and 72 interviews with Dutch firefighters from 37 different fire stations. Joking culture and joviality are important elements of the Dutch fire service culture. Firefighter humor usually creates unity, but can also lead to exclusion. Whether a joke is perceived as funny depends on who makes the joke, the moment, the content, and the frequency of the joke. Black humor is used as a means to start a conversation and, indirectly, to make it possible to discuss emotions and it tends to positively influence group dynamics. However, black humor is absent in the case of certain critical incidents because of personal boundaries and unwritten rules. The absence of humor is a sign for the crew commander to pay extra attention to coping.

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Anne Galpin, Shelley. "Auteurs and Authenticity: Adapting the Brontës in the Twenty-First Century." Journal of British Cinema and Television 11, no. 1 (January 2014): 86–100. http://dx.doi.org/10.3366/jbctv.2014.0193.

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This article examines two recent adaptations of Brontë novels and how they relate to discussions surrounding the adaptation of literary texts into film. The position of Cary Joji Fukunaga and Andrea Arnold as auteurs is considered, as is the way in which this was used in the marketing of the films prior to release. Fukunaga's Jane Eyre (2011) and Arnold's Wuthering Heights (2011) are evaluated as examples of British film-making in terms of heritage/anti-heritage discourses, concluding that while they both reject aspects of the traditional ‘heritage film’, overtly in Arnold's film but more subtly in Fukunaga's, neither can escape the notion of authenticity which is central to discussions surrounding adaptation of classic literature. Although apparently more ‘faithful’, Fukunaga's film stops short of the adherence to source material that was emphasised in the pre-release publicity, ironically suppressing Fukunaga's auteurist vision, while Arnold's more overtly auteurist vision is shown to present difficulties over the issue of authorship when adapting a ‘literary great’. Finally, the article considers the commercial and critical success of both films, noting that the status of both directors as auteurs is a selling point prior to release, but that when tackling period material it can be something of a hindrance in terms of both the commerciality and the artistic style of the piece.

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Hatmojo, Panji Tri. "Qualitative content analysis of racism in the film Kamen Rider black sun." Symposium of Literature, Culture, and Communication (SYLECTION) 2022 3, no. 1 (November 22, 2023): 798. http://dx.doi.org/10.12928/sylection.v3i1.14103.

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Racism is a form of discrimination carried out by race majority to race minority. Racism is a big issue that never stops in this world until now. Many minority races keep struggling due to these issues and trying to get their right. The Kamen Rider Black Sun film is a Japanese superhero film series that brings up the theme issue of racism. Directed by Kazuya Shiraishi, released on October 28, 2022, via the Prime Video online streaming platform, it tells a story about the chaos that occurred between humans and a humanoid monster called Kaijn which actually mysteriously appeared in Japan 50 years ago. The existence of Kaijin brings up two strongholds on humans who hate and want to destroy the existence of Kaijin and those who think that Kaijin can live side by side in a way of peace with humans.To know How Racism in the Kamen Rider Black Sun film, this research uses method qualitative descriptive with technique content analysis. Based on the results of the study, it can be concluded that emerging racism in the film Kamen Rider Black Sun is divided become two namely: First, personal racism consisting of behavior, beliefs, and actions indicating race in the film. Second, institutional racism refers to actions condescending to race and certain things to do by social institutions and government.

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Jeong, Wonnyoung, Sijun Kim, Youngseok Lee, Chulhee Cho, Inho Seong, Yebin You, Minsu Choi, Jangjae Lee, Youbin Seol, and Shinjae You. "Contribution of Ion Energy and Flux on High-Aspect Ratio SiO2 Etching Characteristics in a Dual-Frequency Capacitively Coupled Ar/C4F8 Plasma: Individual Ion Energy and Flux Controlled." Materials 16, no. 10 (May 18, 2023): 3820. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ma16103820.

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As the process complexity has been increased to overcome challenges in plasma etching, individual control of internal plasma parameters for process optimization has attracted attention. This study investigated the individual contribution of internal parameters, the ion energy and flux, on high-aspect ratio SiO2 etching characteristics for various trench widths in a dual-frequency capacitively coupled plasma system with Ar/C4F8 gases. We established an individual control window of ion flux and energy by adjusting dual-frequency power sources and measuring the electron density and self-bias voltage. We separately varied the ion flux and energy with the same ratio from the reference condition and found that the increase in ion energy shows higher etching rate enhancement than that in the ion flux with the same increase ratio in a 200 nm pattern width. Based on a volume-averaged plasma model analysis, the weak contribution of the ion flux results from the increase in heavy radicals, which is inevitably accompanied with the increase in the ion flux and forms a fluorocarbon film, preventing etching. At the 60 nm pattern width, the etching stops at the reference condition and it remains despite increasing ion energy, which implies the surface charging-induced etching stops. The etching, however, slightly increased with the increasing ion flux from the reference condition, revealing the surface charge removal accompanied with conducting fluorocarbon film formation by heavy radicals. In addition, the entrance width of an amorphous carbon layer (ACL) mask enlarges with increasing ion energy, whereas it relatively remains constant with that of ion energy. These findings can be utilized to optimize the SiO2 etching process in high-aspect ratio etching applications.

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Loepfe, L., A. Rodrigo, and F. Lloret. "Two thresholds determine climatic control of forest-fire size in Europe." Biogeosciences Discussions 9, no. 7 (July 23, 2012): 9065–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/bgd-9-9065-2012.

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Abstract. Fire weather indices predict fire extent from meteorological conditions assuming a monotonic function; this approach is frequently used to predict future fire patterns under climate change scenarios using linear extrapolation. However, the relationship between weather and fire extent may potentially depend on the existence of fuel humidity thresholds above which this relationship changes dramatically, challenging this statistical approach. Here we combine the continuous and the threshold approaches to analyze satellite-detected fires in Europe during 2001–2010 in relation to meteorological conditions, showing that fire size response to increasing dryness follows a ramp function, i.e. with two plateaus separated by a phase of monotonic increase. This study confirms that at a continental and a high-resolution temporal scales, large fires are very unlikely to occur under moist conditions, but it also reveals that fire size stops to be controlled by fuel humidity above a given threshold of dryness. Thus, fuel humidity control only applies when fire is not limited by other factors such as fuel load, as large fires are virtually absent in dry regions with less than 500 mm of average annual rainfall, i.e. where fuel amount is insufficient. In regions with sufficient fuel, other factors such as fire suppression or fuel discontinuity can impede large fires even under very dry weather conditions. These findings are relevant under current climatic trends in which the fire season length, in terms of number of days with DC (drought code) values above the observed thresholds (break points), is increasing in many parts of the Mediterranean, while it is decreasing in Eastern Europe and remains unchanged in Central Europe.

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Yomo, Shuji, and Kazuyuki Tachi. "Improving the Appearance of a 3-Coat-1-Bake Coating Film by Minimizing the Shrinkage Difference between the Three Layers." Coatings 11, no. 2 (February 11, 2021): 211. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/coatings11020211.

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The 3-coat-1-bake coating system has been widely employed in automobile body painting. This study examined whether the appearance (waviness) of the coating film can be improved by reducing the difference in the shrinkage percentage (by weight) between the primer surfacer and the basecoat and the clearcoat after flow/leveling stops in the clearcoat while baking. To delay the time of flow/leveling stops in the clearcoat (tC) and to reduce the difference in the shrinkage percentage between the basecoat and clearcoat, solventborne clearcoats were prepared by blocking all or part of the isocyanate group with 3,5-dimethylpyrazole (DMP). tC was measured using the electric-field tweezers system while baking at 140 °C. The respective shrinkage percentages of the primer surfacer, basecoat, and clearcoat (ωS, ωB, and ωC, respectively) were measured after tC. tC increased as the DMP content of the solventborne clearcoat increased. The ωC value is lower than the ωS and ωB values when the DMP content is zero; however, the ωC value increased when tC increased, and the ωS and ωB values decreased as tC increased. Wavescan Wa, Wb, Wc, and Wd decreased (i.e., improved the appearance) as |ωS − ωB| + |ωB − ωC| decreased. We confirmed that reducing the difference in the shrinkage percentage between the primer surfacer, basecoat, and clearcoat after tC is an effective way to improve the appearance.

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Igami, Mitsuru, and Kosuke Uetake. "Mergers, Innovation, and Entry-Exit Dynamics: Consolidation of the Hard Disk Drive Industry, 1996–2016." Review of Economic Studies 87, no. 6 (September 12, 2019): 2672–702. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/restud/rdz044.

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Abstract How far should an industry be allowed to consolidate when competition and innovation are endogenous? We develop a stochastically alternating-move game of dynamic oligopoly and estimate it using data from the hard disk drive industry, in which a dozen global players consolidated into only three in the last 20 years. We find plateau-shaped equilibrium relationships between competition and innovation, with heterogeneity across time and productivity. Our counterfactual simulations suggest the current rule-of-thumb policy, which stops mergers when three or fewer firms exist, strikes approximately the right balance between pro-competitive effects and value-destruction side effects in this dynamic welfare trade-off.

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Gall, Thomas, Marc Schiffbauer, and Julia Kubny. "DYNAMIC EFFECTS OF FOREIGN DIRECT INVESTMENT WHEN CREDIT MARKETS ARE IMPERFECT." Macroeconomic Dynamics 18, no. 8 (July 3, 2013): 1797–831. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1365100513000175.

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This paper argues that foreign direct investment (FDI) may increase the vulnerability to capital flow shocks of economies with credit market imperfections. Because of worse access to financial markets, wages in domestic firms carry higher default risk than wages in foreign ones. This alters the domestic wage composition and the subsequent wealth distribution. When credit markets are imperfect, the wealth distribution typically determines an economy's growth potential in autarky; hence, high exposure to FDI may significantly impede the capability to recover from sudden withdrawals of foreign capital. This appears consistent with a first glance at empirical evidence on durations of output recovery after systemic sudden stops.

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Krisna Ekadana, I. Putu Gede, and Ni Komang Sumadi. "PENGARUH TIME PRESSURE, PROFESIONAL COMMITMENT DAN LOCUS OF CONTROL TERHADAP PENGHENTIAN PREMATUR PROSEDUR AUDIT." Hita Akuntansi dan Keuangan 2, no. 3 (July 26, 2021): 304–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.32795/hak.v2i3.1817.

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Premature sign off audit procedures is a condition where the auditor stops one or more audit steps required in the audit procedure without replacing other steps. This study aims to examine how the effect of time pressure, professional commitment, and locus of control on premature termination of audit procedures. The population in this study is a public accounting firm in Bali Province. This type of research is quantitative and the sampling technique used is purposive sampling method, so that the sample obtained is as many as 40 auditors. The analytical method used in this research is multiple linear regression analysis. The hypothesis was tested using the t-test with a significance level of 5%. Based on the results of the simultaneous analysis test, time pressure, professional commitment, and locus of control have a significant effect on premature termination of audit procedures, and partially time pressure, professional commitment, and locus of control have a positive and significant effect on premature termination of audit procedures.

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Raad, Elias. "Why Do Acquiring Firms Pay High Premiums To Takeover Target Shareholders: An Empirical Study." Journal of Applied Business Research (JABR) 28, no. 4 (June 28, 2012): 725. http://dx.doi.org/10.19030/jabr.v28i4.7055.

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The purpose of this paper is to explore empirically the relationship between several factors reported in the literature to affect the premium received by takeover target shareholders. Using a sample of 190 successful takeovers during the period 1995-2005, our results suggest that high leveraged target firms' shareholders receive, on average, 13.34 percent more premium than stockholders of low leveraged target firms. Controlling for leverage, target firms which have high leverage and oppose the takeover receive significantly larger premiums than those with high leverage but do not oppose the takeover. Moreover, controlling for the size of managerial ownership in target firms, the association between leverage and premiums becomes more significant when managerial ownership is high and less significant when it is low.

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Preckel, Claudia. "Hey Ram! Oh God! Communal Riots and Religious Fundamentalism as Depicted in a Partition Film." Archiv orientální 81, no. 1 (May 12, 2013): 103–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.47979/aror.j.81.1.103-118.

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In South Asia, hardly any historical subject is discussed with such emotion as the Partition of 1947. In the new millennium, after many decades of almost complete silence, writers and film directors (not only) in India have started dealing with 1947. One of the film directors who is keen to show the effects of death, loss and pain on the individual as well the entire Indian nation is the Tamil director Kamal Hāsan. His film Hey Ram! (He Rām!, 2000) is set against the backdrop of the Partition and the assassination of Gandhi in 1947 and the destruction of the Bābrī Masjid in Ayodhya in 1992, which led to a wave of violence and communal riots throughout India. The (Hindu) protagonist, Saket Rām, an archaeologist, is traumatized after his wife is killed by Muslims in Calcutta. Later, Saket Rām is deeply influenced by the proponents of hindutva and he even plans to shoot Gandhi. Only an unexpected encounter with his Muslim friend stops him… The paper aims at analysing the role of religions as portrayed in the film. Special focus is put on the roots of religious fundamentalism and the question as to whether Hāsan blames anybody for the outbreak of communal violence. Another important issue is the role of history in the prevention of violence.

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Li, Chang Hong. "Study of Graphite in Al₂O₃ Ceramic with Copper Matrix." Key Engineering Materials 280-283 (February 2007): 1115–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.280-283.1115.

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Graphite is introduced into Al2O3 ceramic with copper matrix. The influence of graphite content to friction factor and wear and tear of Al2O3 ceramic with copper matrix has been studied in this paper. Friction factor of ceramic with copper matrix decreases with the increase of graphite content at first. After graphite content exceeds more than 3%, friction factor stops reduction. Wear and tear decrease with the increase of graphite content from the beginning. After graphite content surpasses more than 3%, it increases instead with the increase of graphite content. When graphite content is 3%, Wear and tear locates the lowest point. Solid lubrication film formed by graphite on the friction surface is the cause that makes friction factor drop.

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Ning, X. J., J. Yang, and P. Pirouz. "HREM image simulation of a twin intersection in CVD diamond." Proceedings, annual meeting, Electron Microscopy Society of America 49 (August 1991): 958–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s042482010008910x.

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Chemically vapor deposited diamond was grown on a molybdenum substrate. A high density of twins (∑=3) and twin intersections were found in die diamond film. The twin intersections in silicon may result in the formation of a hexagonal phase in the region of intersection. Hexagonal diamond has previously been reported in high pressure experiments and in some meteorites. Here we present a type of intersection which is very common in CVD diamond as well as in other materials with the diamond, or the zincblende, structure grown epitaxially on various substrates. In this type of intersection the two twins do not cross each other; rather, one twin (T1) stops the propagation of another twin (T2).

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Journal articles on the topic 'Stoss (Firm)'

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