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Academic literature on the topic 'Stormwater pollutants'

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Published: 4 June 2021
Last updated: 1 February 2022

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Journal articles on the topic "Stormwater pollutants"

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Revitt, D. Michael, Lian Scholes, and J. Bryan Ellis. "A pollutant removal prediction tool for stormwater derived diffuse pollution." Water Science and Technology 57, no. 8 (April 1, 2008): 1257–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/wst.2008.258.

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This report describes the development of a methodology to theoretically assess the effectiveness of structural BMPs with regard to their treatment of selected stormwater pollutants (metals, polyaromatic hydrocarbons and herbicides). The result is a prioritisation, in terms of pollutant removal efficiency, of 15 different BMPs which can inform stormwater managers and other stakeholders of the best available options for the treatment of urban runoff pollutants of particular environmental concern. Regardless of the selected pollutant, infiltration basins and sub-surface flow constructed wetlands are predicted to perform most efficiently with lagoons, porous asphalt and sedimentation tanks being the least effective systems for the removal of pollutants. The limitations of the approach in terms of the variabilities in BMP designs and applications are considered.
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Pettersson, Thomas J. R. "Water quality improvement in a small stormwater detention pond." Water Science and Technology 38, no. 10 (November 1, 1998): 115–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/wst.1998.0389.

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The aim of this study was to investigate a small open detention pond predominantly receiving stormwater drainage from a highway. The results showed a difference in pollutant removal characteristics. Particle-associated pollutants were effectively removed during storm events as indicated by EMC (Event Mean Concentrations) while dissolved pollutants were not effectively removed. Outflow pollutant loads followed linear profiles when seven consecutive storm events were represented as cumulative graphs. PEMC's (Partial EMC's) during a storm event showed an association between the specific surface area of small particles and lead content. A detention pond should be designed according to capacity to detain the complete storm volume, thus avoiding short-circuiting of the pond by pollutants.
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Sofijanic, Ana, Michael Hulley, Daniela Loock, and Yves Filion. "Stormwater quality assessment and management for the town of Jasper in Alberta, Canada." Water Quality Research Journal 56, no. 1 (January 11, 2021): 45–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/wqrj.2021.012.

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Abstract Stormwater pollutants can have deleterious impacts on the aquatic life of receiving water bodies. This paper presents the findings of a stormwater quality monitoring program performed in the town of Jasper in Alberta, Canada. This is one of the very few studies done on a small urban settlement to identify key pollutants of concern, characterize stormwater and identify unique pollutant sources in the town. A total of 14 stormwater quality parameters were found to be of high concern to aquatic life. The most prominent pollutants were total suspended solids (TSS), metals and phosphorus which compared well with studies conducted in large urban settlements. Tourist influx contributed to high metal and petroleum hydrocarbon loads during the peak season due to high vehicular activity. Elk were found to reside in the town during summer and their fecal droppings resulted in elevated fecal coliform concentrations. It was found that winter road salting was responsible for excessive chloride concentrations observed during the spring melt. TSS concentrations were statistically correlated with various metals as well as phosphorus using Spearman's rank correlation. It was found that the current street sweeping schedule in the town coincided with lower TSS and metal loads in stormwater.
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Bäckström, M., P. A. Malmqvist, and M. Viklander. "Stormwater management in a catchbasin perspective - best practices or sustainable strategies?" Water Science and Technology 46, no. 6-7 (September 1, 2002): 159–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/wst.2002.0675.

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A strategy for sustainable stormwater management is needed. This study has focused on the relative importance of stormwater as a pollutant source in a catchbasin, if Best Management Practices (BMPs) result in pollutant removal or pollutant redistribution, and methods for screening of stormwater strategies. Stormwater is most likely an important pathway for pollutants in a catchbasin perspective. True pollutant removal can only be achieved if the pollutant sources are eliminated. Until that is reached, we should have the best possible control of the pollutant fluxes in the watershed. This study indicates that the search for a sustainable stormwater strategy could be easier to handle if different “screens” could be used. The Swedish environmental objectives, which try to encapsulate all aspects of sustainability, may be used as a foundation for a “sustainability screen”. By using this screen, the “unsustainable” features of different stormwater strategies could be pointed out. A “standards and legislation screen” will be based on the EU Water Framework Directive. As this study has shown, it is doubtful whether the conventional BMPs, such as stormwater ponds and infiltration facilities, produce a sufficient pollutant control.
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Carpenter, Jason Faber, Bertrand Vallet, Geneviève Pelletier, Paul Lessard, and Peter A. Vanrolleghem. "Pollutant removal efficiency of a retrofitted stormwater detention pond." Water Quality Research Journal 49, no. 2 (December 17, 2013): 124–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/wqrjc.2013.020.

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The objectives of this study were to characterize the stormwater runoff for a residential catchment, evaluate the present detention pond removal efficiency for different pollutants, and evaluate how its efficiency can be increased by controlling the pond stormwater retention time. The analysed pollutants were total suspended solids (TSS), total metals and ammonia. Runoff pollutant concentrations were generally found to agree with literature for the small residential catchment. The design of the original pond was such that low retention times of most analysed pollutants occurred, causing a lower than expected removal efficiency when compared to similar types of ponds. The retrofitting of the pond consisted of adding a sluice gate at the outlet in order to retain stormwater for longer periods of time. The retrofit allowed drastic improvement of the removal efficiency for TSS, NH3-N and zinc, from 39 to 90%, 10 to 84%, and 20 to 42%, respectively.
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Adeyemo, Josiah, Folasade Adeyemo, and Fred Otieno. "Assessment of Pollutant Loads of Runoff in Pretoria, South Africa." International Journal of Social Ecology and Sustainable Development 1, no. 3 (July 2010): 1–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/jsesd.2010070101.

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Pollutants in stormwater are detrimental to the receiving water bodies. The study of pollutants in stormwater is important to know the appropriate management techniques to remove these pollutants. This paper presents an explorative study of runoff in Pretoria, South Africa. Common pollutants in stormwater are studied to determine their correlation with total suspended solids found in four different sites in Pretoria. The metals are strongly correlated with total suspended solids. It is suggested that treatment of pollutants by treating or removing solids may be extended to other heavy metals and nutrients to improve stormwater quality. In this study, some contaminants are identified to be associated with traffic volume. In this paper, the authors suggest that efforts should be made nationally and internationally to redesign vehicular products to eliminate the traffic contaminants in stormwater.
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Finney, Karen, Bahram Gharabaghi, Ed McBean, Ramesh Rudra, and Glenn MacMillan. "Compost Biofilters For Highway Stormwater Runoff Treatment." Water Quality Research Journal 45, no. 4 (November 1, 2010): 391–402. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/wqrj.2010.039.

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Abstract Stormwater runoff containing pollutants deposited on highways from vehicular traffic and urban activities has been identified as a serious threat to aquatic habitats. Although many urban stormwater management technologies serve to reduce the concentrations of pollutants from being transported to larger bodies of water, these stormwater management installations do not always meet the provincial water quality guidelines. In summer 2007, a compost biofilter was installed in a ditch near Highway 8 in Kitchener, Ontario and monitored for 18 storm events spanned over two years for both flow rate and water quality. The main objectives of the study were to determine highway runoff quality and biofilter pollutant removal efficiency. This study shows that the key factors that affect the build-up of the pollutants on a highway are the average annual daily traffic (AADT) and the antecedent dry days (ADD), and the main factors that affect the wash-off of pollutants, include total rainfall depth and rainfall intensity. Before filtration, highway runoff contaminant levels often exceeded the Ontario Provincial Water Quality Objectives (PWQO). However, the biofilter reduced the total suspended solids, zinc, copper and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons by 42, 32, 29, and 66%.
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Bäckström, M. "Grassed swales for stormwater pollution control during rain and snowmelt." Water Science and Technology 48, no. 9 (November 1, 2003): 123–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/wst.2003.0508.

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The retention of suspended solids, particles and heavy metals in different grassed swales during rain events and snowmelt is discussed. The experimental results derived from investigations performed in existing grassed swales in the Luleå region, Northern Sweden. During high pollutant loading rates, grassed swales retain significant amounts of pollutants, mainly due to sedimentation of particulate matter. Low to moderate removal efficiencies could be expected for heavy metals, especially metals in solution (i.e. the dissolved phase). When grassed swales receive urban runoff with low pollutant concentrations, they may release rather than retain pollutants. Swales are important snow deposit areas in the city and particle bound pollutants do to a large extent remain in the swale after snowmelt. However, dissolved pollutants (i.e. dissolved heavy metals) are likely to escape the swale with the melt water. Grassed swales may be regarded as facilities that even out the peaks in pollutant loads without being capable of producing consistent high removal rates. This suggests that swales should be considered as primary treatment devices. Possible design parameters for grassed swales are mean hydraulic detention time, surface loading rate or specific swale area.
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Kim, Ree Ho, Sang Ho Lee, Jinwoo Jeong, and Chae Sung Gee. "Development of Fiber Filter Media to Control Heavy Metals and Nutrients in Urban Stormwater Runoff." Materials Science Forum 510-511 (March 2006): 918–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.510-511.918.

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The pollutants in urban stormwater runoff, which lead to non-point source contamination of water environment around cities, are of great concern. Lignocellulose fiber filters have potential to treat urban stormwater runoff because they are cheap and environmentally friendly, and can effectively remove particulate pollutants. However, the fiber filters alone cannot sufficiently remove soluble pollutants including heavy metals, nitrogen compounds, and phosphate. In this study, techniques for chemical modification of lignocellulose fiber filter were implemented to enhance the treatment efficiency of soluble pollutants in urban stormwater runoff. Using these chemically modified fiber filters together with polymer filter media, a new treatment device was examined to control the pollutants in first flush of stormwater. The results indicated that the filters incorporated into the treatment unit allow the control of urban stormwater runoff with minimal cost and high efficiency.
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Jayakaran, Anand, Thorsten Knappenberger, John Stark, and Curtis Hinman. "Remediation of Stormwater Pollutants by Porous Asphalt Pavement." Water 11, no. 3 (March 13, 2019): 520. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/w11030520.

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Porous Asphalt (PA) pavements are an increasingly adopted tool in the green stormwater infrastructure toolbox to manage stormwater in urbanized watersheds across the United States. This technology has seen particular interest in western Washington State, where permeable pavements are recognized as an approved best management practice per the National Pollutant Discharge Elimination System (NPDES) municipal stormwater permit. Stormwater effluent concentrations from six PA cells were compared with runoff concentrations from three standard impervious asphalt cells to quantify pollutant removal efficiencies by porous asphalt systems. Additionally, the effects of maintenance and pavement age on pollutant removal efficiencies were examined. Twelve natural and artificial storms were examined over a five-year period. Street dirt and pollutant spikes were added to the pavements prior to some storm events to simulate high loading conditions. Results from this work show that porous asphalt pavements are highly efficient at removing particulate pollutants, specifically coarse sediments (98.7%), total Pb ( 98.4%), total Zn (97.8%), and total suspended solids (93.4%). Dissolved metals and Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons (PAH) were not significantly removed. Removal efficiencies for total Pb, total Zn, motor oil, and diesel H. improved with the age of the system. Annual maintenance of the pavements with a regenerative air street sweeper did not yield significant pollutant removal efficiency differences between maintained and unmaintained PA cells.
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Stormwater pollutants"

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Karlsson, Kristin. "Pathways of pollutants in stormwater systems /." Luleå : Luleå University of Technology, 2006. http://epubl.ltu.se/1402-1757/2006/05/LTU-LIC-0605-SE.pdf.

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Karlsson, Felix. "Urban stormwater ponds: Evaluation of heavy metals and organic pollutants in stormwater and stormwater sediments." Thesis, Luleå tekniska universitet, Institutionen för samhällsbyggnad och naturresurser, 2021. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:ltu:diva-85126.

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Urban runoff is generated by precipitation of rain and snowmelt on impervious surfaces.  The increasing demand of urbanization causes contaminants to accumulate on roads,  roofs and pathways. In turn, as runoff wash off these surfaces, contaminants such as heavy metals, particles and organic pollutants end up in the stormwater. Urban stormwater ponds improve water quality of runoff by facilitating contaminants in form of particles. To preserve the function of a stormwater pond accumulated sediment must periodically be removed.Therefore, upland disposal alternatives should be evaluated. This study examined stormwater sediment and outlet stormwater quality in seven and four ponds respectively in the vicinity of Halmstad. 7 heavy metals and 24 organic contaminants were analysed in both sediments and stormwater. Results showed metal and organic contaminant concentrations in stormwater pond discharge and sediment exceeding concentrations reported in guideline values. From the analysed heavy metals, Zn and Pb was considered the most critical contaminants. Heavier organic compounds were more frequently quantified than lighter ones, where 42 % of the analysed organic contaminants were quantified in at least one sample. Variability between inlets and outlets, between ponds and between sampling occasions was observed. The observed variability suggests that the contamination level is influenced by catchment area characteristics and activities. Significant correlation from Spearman’s rank correlation was found between the individual heavy metals (Cu, Cr, Ni, Pb and Zn), which suggest they originate from similar sources
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Rammohan, Pavitra. "Performance of vegetated roadsides in removing stormwater pollutants." Thesis, Texas A&M University, 2005. http://hdl.handle.net/1969.1/3774.

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Stormwater runoff from highways can contain pollutants such as suspended solids, nitrogen and phosphorus, organic material, and heavy metals. Growing awareness leading to regulatory requirements reflects the need to protect the environment from highway runoff effects. The management practice discussed in this study is the use of vegetated roadsides. The primary objective of this research is to document the potential treatment values from vegetated roadsides typical of common rural highway cross sections in two Texas cities: Austin and College Station. Three sites in each city were examined in this study over a 14-month monitoring period. No significant difference between the edges of pavement pollutant concentrations were observed at any of the research sites in the two study areas. This allowed for direct comparisons of the vegetated roadsides and their associated site characteristics such as annual daily traffic (ADT), dry period, and rainfall intensity. The scatter plots of College Station data show that concentrations of total suspended solids (TSS), total Pb, and chemical oxygen demand (COD) in runoff are dependent on the antecedent dry period and decrease with longer dry periods. The results show that pollutant concentrations are not highly dependent on ADT. However, the results show that the number of vehicles during the storm (VDS) was evaluated and accepted as a satisfactory independent variable for estimating the loads of total Pb and TSS. The results of correlation analysis show that the concentrations of total Pb and chemical oxygen demand are significantly correlated with TSS levels. The findings indicate that nitrate concentrations in runoff is most dependent on the average daily traffic using the highway during the preceding dry period as well as the duration of that dry period. Sites 2 and 3 in College Station are steeper but outperformed Site 1 which has much flatter slopes. This could be accounted for by the poor vegetative cover (brown patches) at Site 1. In the Austin sites, the permeable friction course appeared to have a significant impact on the quality of runoff leaving the road surface. On the whole, the results of this study indicate that vegetated roadsides could be used as a management practice for controlling and treating stormwater runoff from Texas highways.
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Wren, J. H. "Pathways utilized by heavy metal pollutants in urban stormwater runoff." Thesis, Aston University, 1986. http://publications.aston.ac.uk/14239/.

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The research concerned the assessment of the pathways utilized by heavy metal pollutants in urban stormwater runoff. A separately sewered urban residential catchment of approximately 107 hectares in Chelmsley Wood, north-east Birmingham was the subject of the field investigation. The catchment area, almost entirely residential, had no immediate industrial heavy metal input, however, industry was situated to the north of the catchment. The perimeter of the catchment was bounded by the M6 motorway on the northern and eastern sides and was believed to contribute to aerial deposition. Metal inputs to the ground surface were assumed to be confined to normal suburban activities, namely, aerial deposition, vehicular activity and anthropological activities. A programme of field work was undertaken over a 12 month period, from July 1983 to July 1984. Monthly deposition rates were monitored using a network of deposit cannisters and roadside sediment and soil samples were taken. Stormwater samples were obtained for 19 separate events. All samples were analysed for iron, lead, zinc, copper, chromium, nickel and cadmium content. Rainfall was recorded on site with additional meteorological data obtained from local Meteorological Offices. Use was made of a simple conceptual model designed for the catchment to substantiate hypotheses derived from site investigations and literature, to investigate the pathways utilized for the transportation of heavy metals throughout the catchment.
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Houston, Stephanie Chung-Pei-Hua. "Developing a Stormwater Pond Filter to Capture Phosphorus and Other Pollutants." Diss., Virginia Tech, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/95908.

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Excess nutrients, particularly phosphorus (P), significantly contribute to anthropogenic eutrophication, which negatively impacts ecosystems, human health, and the economy. Traditional Best Management Practices (BMPs) such as wet retention ponds prevent eutrophication by acting as a sink for nutrients, but can become a source of pollutants if not properly monitored and maintained. A proposed solution is a standalone, multi-stage filter system that can attach to BMPs with standing water for targeted removal of excess nutrients and with the potential to recycle the filter media. The studies in this dissertation seek to address the feasibility of this solution through the following tasks: 1.) develop a tool that can identify ponds and locations within ponds with high total phosphorus (TP) concentrations, 2.) evaluate filter media that can remove P and can be recycled along with captured P, and 3.) develop a filter system that can remove pollutants in separate stages for the option to recycle certain pollutants. The studies focused primarily on P because the nutrient has the potential to be recycled if captured within the filter. Models developed in the first task showed that TP concentrations in the water were correlated with the pond outlet, pH of the water, and iron concentrations. TP concentrations in the sediment were correlated with the pond's length-to-width ratio and the concentration of aluminum and copper. For the second task, a batch experiment and measurements of physicochemical properties were conducted on four biochars (corn stover pyrolized at 400°C , corn stover pyrolized at 600°C, mixed hardwood, and rice husk). Results indicated that mixed hardwood biochar could sorb dissolved phosphorus (DP) above a solution concentration of 2.9 mg P/L. The properties that could allow this biochar to sorb DP were a smaller negative surface charge, high surface area, smaller concentration of elemental P, and more water-extractable cations. A laboratory-scale test of a three-stage filter system was performed as part of the third task. The filter effectively separated nitrogen and P in different stages, but did not separate lead from P. Median water quality parameters (pH, conductivity, temperature, turbidity, dissolved oxygen, carbon, iron) met U.S. EPA recommended limits, but some parameters violated the recommended limits at a few time points. These studies demonstrate that excessive pollutant concentrations exist in current BMPs, which can benefit from a filter system. The filter system has the potential to collect pollutants separately provided that the correct media mix and configuration is identified such that P can be more completely isolated and water quality parameters are met.
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Rydholm, Fredrik. "Sorption of Stormwater Pollutants for Five Material Mixtures: A batch Equlibrium Study." Thesis, Luleå tekniska universitet, Institutionen för samhällsbyggnad och naturresurser, 2021. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:ltu:diva-86150.

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Blue-green infrastructure have been more lucrative during the last 30 years, since urbanizationbrings more impervious surfaces that increases stormwater runoff volumes. Amongst thedifferent blue-green infrastructures there are e.g., constructed wetlands and swales. Blue-greeninfrastructure means more natural management of the stormwater, such as infiltration. Forinfiltration of water, the hydraulic conductivity is an important parameter, but also the abilityto remove dissolved pollutants. In literature, various studies of filter materials are only testedfor single dissolved pollutants, which might be a disadvantage as this does not represent fieldconditions where metals usually co-exist. Economic costs are also an important parameter,unfortunately not always targeted in research. In this thesis, the efficiency of five different material mixtures for removing typical dissolvedstormwater pollutants: chromium (Cr), copper (Cu), nickel (Ni), phosphorus (P), lead (Pb) andzinc (Zn) were studied. The mixtures were following: 1) crushed rock + soil (RO_SO) 2)crushed rock + soil + LECA 4/10 + biochar (RO_SO_BC_LC4). 3) crushed rock + soil + LECA10/20 + biochar (RO_SO_BC_LC10). 4) Soil (SO). 5) crushed rock + soil + biochar(RO_SO_BC). This study was a part of blue-green investments that is being made in Östersundmunicipality and the use of low-cost materials for stormwater treatment are examined. The study was made using batch equilibrium tests, to determine the sorption capacity fordifferent material mixtures, using dissolved metal- and P-solutions. The measured data werefitted to Freundlich, Langmuir, Temkin, Dubinin-Radushkevich and Redlich-Petersonisotherms. Economic feasibility has also been compared between the material mixtures.Results showed that SO had the best sorption capacity for all metals and P, with rankingPb > Cr > Cu > Ni > Zn for the metals. All material mixtures showed a removal efficiency of79-99%, at the lowest concentration (1mg/L) for the metals and 31-62% for the lowestconcentration of P-single solution (1mg/L). Using additional materials in the mixtures, such asbiochar, slightly improved the sorption capacities of Pb and P. Redlich-Peterson isothermsprovided the best fits to the data. An economic evaluation of the ingoing materials shows thatSO and RO_SO are undoubtedly the most feasible alternatives for removal of targeted metalsand P.
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Kadurupokune, Wanniarachchi Kankanamge Nilmini Prasadika, and s3144302@student rmit edu au. "Sustainable management of stormwater using pervious pavements." RMIT University. Civil, Environmental and Chemical Engineering, 2008. http://adt.lib.rmit.edu.au/adt/public/adt-VIT20081029.102009.

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Pervious pavements in car parks and driveways reduce peak discharge and the volume of runoff flowing in to urban drains and improve the water quality by trapping the sediments in the infiltrated water. This reduces the risk of pollutants such as suspended solids and particle bound chemicals such as phosphorous, nitrogen, heavy metals and oils and hydrocarbons entering receiving waters. The key objectives of the study are to establish relationships between rainfall and pervious pavement runoff and quantify improvements to infiltrated stormwater quality through the pervious pavement. The field experimental results were used to calibrate the PCSWMMPP model and to develop water flow and quality improvement transfer functions of the MUSIC model for concrete block and turf cell pavements. The research reported herein has demonstrated that pervious pavements can be introduced as a sustainable stormwater management initiative and as a key Water Sensitive Urban Design feature to deliver numerous benefits to the environment. The outcomes from the study will be useful in designing environmentally friendly car parks, pedestrian paths, light traffic drive ways, sporting grounds and public areas in the future. Land developers and local government authorities will be major beneficiaries of the study which has increased the understanding of the use of pervious pavements and explored a number of issues that previously inhibited the wider use of pervious pavements in practice.
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Murphy, Louise Una. "Quantifying Spatial and Temporal Deposition of Atmospheric Pollutants in Runoff from Different Pavement Types." Thesis, University of Canterbury. Civil and Natural Resources Engineering, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/10092/10467.

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Urban development leads to increased impermeable landscapes that interrupt the hydrological cycle by creating an impermeable barrier to the natural infiltration of precipitation. Precipitate, unable to infiltrate, flows over impermeable surfaces as sheet runoff, carrying the pollutants from the land with it; thus comprising the quality of the stormwater. The runoff is redirected (frequently untreated) to nearby waterways altering their water quality and quantity, thereby, adversely affecting receiving aquatic ecosystems. Suspended solids and elevated heavy metal concentrations in stormwater are the leading causes of water quality degradation in urban waterways in New Zealand. It is widely reported that vehicles and metal roofs are a major direct source of the key pollutants (total suspended solids (TSS) and heavy metals) in stormwater runoff; however, the contribution of atmospheric deposition, as an indirect source, in stormwater runoff is rarely considered. This is principally due to the many uncertainties and challenges with measuring and managing these pollutants in stormwater runoff. Therefore, a monitoring programme into the dynamics controlling atmospherically derived pollutant build-up and wash-off from urban surfaces was conducted. In particular, this research focused on the spatial and temporal variability of Cu, Zn, Pb, and TSS deposition in different land-use areas; the influence of pavement type on atmospherically-deposited pollutant loads in stormwater; and the contribution of wet deposition and dry deposition to the total deposition loads. Impermeable concrete boards (≈ 1 m2) were deployed for 11 months in different land-use areas (industrial, residential and airside) in Christchurch, New Zealand, to capture spatially distributed atmospheric deposition loads in runoff over varying meteorological conditions. Mixed-effect regression models were developed to explain the influence of different meteorological characteristics on pollutant build-up and wash-off dynamics. Next, impermeable asphalt, permeable asphalt, impermeable concrete, and permeable concrete boards were deployed for two months in a residential land-use area to determine the influence of pavement composition and roughness on pollutant loads in stormwater. Finally, wet deposition samples were analysed in an industrial land-use area for 8 months to monitor the contribution of wet deposition to atmospherically-deposited pollutant loads. All samples were analysed for total and dissolved Cu, Zn, Pb, and TSS. Pavement type: Results showed that both impermeable and permeable concrete were efficient at retaining Cu and Zn. Bitumen leaching from the impermeable asphalt was a significant source of Zn to runoff. However, bitumen leaching from the permeable asphalt did not contain elevated Zn loads. Infiltrate from the permeable asphalt provided little/no removal of Cu and Zn. Impermeable asphalt provided greater retention of TSS and Pb over impermeable concrete because its rougher surface entrapped more particulates. TSS and Pb loads were the lowest from the permeable pavements due to the pavers filtering out particulates. Spatial variability: Results showed that all three land-use areas exhibited similar patterns of varying metal and TSS loads, indicating that atmospherically-deposited metals and TSS had a homogenous distribution within the Christchurch airshed. This suggested that the pollutants originated from a similar source and that the surrounding land-use was not an important factor in determining atmospheric pollutant loads to stormwater runoff. Although, higher pollutant loads were found for the industrial area, this was attributed to local topographic conditions rather than land-use activity. Temporal variability: Results illustrated the importance of antecedent dry days on pollutant build-up. Peak rainfall intensity and rain duration had a significant relationship with TSS and Pb wash-off; rain depth had a significant relationship with Cu and Zn wash-off. This suggested that the pollutant speciation phase plays an important role in surface wash-off. Rain intensity and duration influenced particulate pollutants, whereas, rain depth influenced dissolved pollutants. Additionally, mixed-effect models could predict approximately 53-69% of the variation in airborne pollutant loads in runoff. Deposition pathways: Wet deposition was an important contributor of dissolved Zn to stormwater runoff. However, dry deposition was the greatest source of total Cu, Zn, and Pb loads in stormwater runoff. This is principally due to the low annual rainfall in Christchurch limiting pollutant removal via wet deposition unlike dry deposition, which is continually occurring. Understanding the dynamics of airborne pollutant deposition and their contribution to stormwater pollution could help stormwater managers in strategic decision-making processes such as choice of location and installation of different treatment systems.
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Hodges, Kimberly Jean. "Assessing Urban Non-Point Source pollutants at the Virginia Tech Extended Dry Detention Pond." Thesis, Virginia Tech, 1997. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/36582.

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With a growing concern for the environment and increasing urbanization of rural areas, understanding the characteristics of urban non-point source pollution has become a focus for water quality investigators. Once thought to be a small contributor to the pollution problem, urban non-point sources are now responsible for transporting over 50% of all pollutants into natural waterways. Assessing non-point source pollution is the key to future water quality improvements in natural receiving waters. The purpose of this research was to investigate the water quality of an urbanized watershed, analyze current prediction methods and to investigate the effectiveness of an extended dry detention basin as a pollutant removal management practice on a 21.68-acre urban watershed on the Virginia Tech Campus. This research included extensive stormwater monitoring and sampling to characterize the runoff and water quality from an urban watershed. The resulting analysis included comparing well-known desktop prediction methods with pollutant removal rates using an extended dry detention basin and comparison with different literature values. Finally, the study team calibrated the PSRM-QUAL model for watershed prediction of non-point source runoff and pollution. The results of the stormwater monitoring process show that water quality prediction methods are not very successful on a storm by storm basis, but can be fairly accurate over longer periods of time with little or no storm water quality sampling. The extended dry detention basin is a simple yet effective management practice for the removal of sediments and sediment bound pollutants.
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Griffen, Lindsay M. "Reducing Pollutants in Industrial Stormwater Runoff: Improved Water Quality Protection Using Prioritized Facility Regulation." [Tampa, Fla.] : University of South Florida, 2005. http://purl.fcla.edu/fcla/etd/SFE0001377.

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Books on the topic "Stormwater pollutants"

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Wren, Janet Helen. Pathways utilized by heavy metal pollutants in urban stormwater runoff. Birmingham: Aston University. Department of Civil Engineering and Construction, 1986.

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Brizio, Marc Gilles. Distributional analysis of pollutant concentrations in stormwater runoff. Enfield: Middlesex Polytechnic, 1988.

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Wijesiri, Buddhi, An Liu, Prasanna Egodawatta, James McGree, and Ashantha Goonetilleke. Decision Making with Uncertainty in Stormwater Pollutant Processes. Singapore: Springer Singapore, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-13-3507-5.

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Suthers, Iain, David Rissik, and Anthony Richardson, eds. Plankton. CSIRO Publishing, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/9781486308804.

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Healthy waterways and oceans are essential for our increasingly urbanised world. Yet monitoring water quality in aquatic environments is a challenge, as it varies from hour to hour due to stormwater and currents. Being at the base of the aquatic food web and present in huge numbers, plankton are strongly influenced by changes in environment and provide an indication of water quality integrated over days and weeks. Plankton are the aquatic version of a canary in a coal mine. They are also vital for our existence, providing not only food for fish, seabirds, seals and sharks, but producing oxygen, cycling nutrients, processing pollutants, and removing carbon dioxide from our atmosphere. This Second Edition of Plankton is a fully updated introduction to the biology, ecology and identification of plankton and their use in monitoring water quality. It includes expanded, illustrated descriptions of all major groups of freshwater, coastal and marine phytoplankton and zooplankton and a new chapter on teaching science using plankton. Best practice methods for plankton sampling and monitoring programs are presented using case studies, along with explanations of how to analyse and interpret sampling data. Plankton is an invaluable reference for teachers and students, environmental managers, ecologists, estuary and catchment management committees, and coastal engineers.
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Liu, An, Buddhi Wijesiri, Prasanna Egodawatta, James McGree, and Ashantha Goonetilleke. Decision Making with Uncertainty in Stormwater Pollutant Processes: A Perspective on Urban Stormwater Pollution Mitigation. Springer, 2018.

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S, Baldys, North Central Texas Council of Governments, and Geological Survey (U.S.), eds. Urban stormwater quality, event-mean concentrations, and estimates of stormwater pollutant loads, Dallas-Fort Worth area, Texas, 1992-93. Austin, Tex: U.S. Dept. of the Interior, U.S. Geological Survey, 1998.

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Center, Turner-Fairbank Highway Research, ed. Retention, detention, and overland flow for pollutant removal from highway stormwater runoff. McLean, Va: U.S. Dept. of Transportation, Federal Highway Administration, Research and Development, Turner-Fairbank Highway Research Center, 1996.

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Book chapters on the topic "Stormwater pollutants"

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Gunawardena, Janaka M. A., An Liu, Prasanna Egodawatta, Godwin A. Ayoko, and Ashantha Goonetilleke. "Primary Traffic Related Pollutants and Urban Stormwater Quality." In Influence of Traffic and Land Use on Urban Stormwater Quality, 1–16. Singapore: Springer Singapore, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-10-5302-3_1.

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Gunawardena, Janaka M. A., An Liu, Prasanna Egodawatta, Godwin A. Ayoko, and Ashantha Goonetilleke. "Predicting Stormwater Quality Resulting from Traffic Generated Pollutants." In Influence of Traffic and Land Use on Urban Stormwater Quality, 55–69. Singapore: Springer Singapore, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-10-5302-3_4.

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Remmler, F., and U. Hütter. "Field-Investigations of Pollutants in Stormwater Runoff, Seepage Water and Topsoil of Stormwater Infiltration Sites." In Advances in Urban Stormwater and Agricultural Runoff Source Controls, 131–40. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 2001. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-010-0532-6_11.

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Chan, Alisha Y., and Birthe V. Kjellerup. "Bio- and Phytoremediation of Persistent Organic Pollutants in Stormwater Containment Systems and Soil." In Microbial Biofilms in Bioremediation and Wastewater Treatment, 225–37. Boca Raton : CRC Press, [2019]: CRC Press, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/b22046-11.

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Wijesiri, Buddhi, An Liu, Prasanna Egodawatta, James McGree, and Ashantha Goonetilleke. "Understanding Uncertainty Associated with Stormwater Quality Modelling." In Decision Making with Uncertainty in Stormwater Pollutant Processes, 1–13. Singapore: Springer Singapore, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-13-3507-5_1.

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Wijesiri, Buddhi, An Liu, Prasanna Egodawatta, James McGree, and Ashantha Goonetilleke. "Pollutant Build-up and Wash-off Process Variability." In Decision Making with Uncertainty in Stormwater Pollutant Processes, 15–24. Singapore: Springer Singapore, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-13-3507-5_2.

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Tuomela, Camilla, Daniel Jato-Espino, Nora Sillanpää, and Harri Koivusalo. "Modelling Stormwater Pollutant Reduction with LID Scenarios in SWMM." In New Trends in Urban Drainage Modelling, 96–101. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-99867-1_17.

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Wijesiri, Buddhi, An Liu, Prasanna Egodawatta, James McGree, and Ashantha Goonetilleke. "Assessment of Build-up and Wash-off Process Uncertainty and Its Influence on Stormwater Quality Modelling." In Decision Making with Uncertainty in Stormwater Pollutant Processes, 25–36. Singapore: Springer Singapore, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-13-3507-5_3.

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Wijesiri, Buddhi, An Liu, Prasanna Egodawatta, James McGree, and Ashantha Goonetilleke. "Case Study—Uncertainty Inherent in Metals Build-up and Wash-off Processes." In Decision Making with Uncertainty in Stormwater Pollutant Processes, 37–48. Singapore: Springer Singapore, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-13-3507-5_4.

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Wijesiri, Buddhi, An Liu, Prasanna Egodawatta, James McGree, and Ashantha Goonetilleke. "Practical Implications and Recommendations for Future Research." In Decision Making with Uncertainty in Stormwater Pollutant Processes, 49–55. Singapore: Springer Singapore, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-13-3507-5_5.

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Conference papers on the topic "Stormwater pollutants"

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Whitman, Eliza Jane, Michael Drennan, Gary Moore, Andy Lipkis, and Ravi K. Bhatia. "Stormwater Management Pilot Projects to Reduce Stormwater Runoff and Stormwater Pollutants." In Joint Conference on Water Resource Engineering and Water Resources Planning and Management 2000. Reston, VA: American Society of Civil Engineers, 2000. http://dx.doi.org/10.1061/40517(2000)227.

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Zgheib, S., R. Moilleron, and G. Chebbo. "What priority pollutants occur in stormwater and wastewater?" In WATER POLLUTION 2010. Southampton, UK: WIT Press, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.2495/wp100011.

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Zgheib, S., R. Moilleron, and G. Chebbo. "Screening of priority pollutants in urban stormwater: innovative methodology." In WATER POLLUTION 2008. Southampton, UK: WIT Press, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.2495/wp080231.

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Kellems, Barry L., Randall Johnson, and Fabian Sanchez. "Design of Emerging Technologies for Control and Removal of Stormwater Pollutants." In World Water and Environmental Resources Congress 2003. Reston, VA: American Society of Civil Engineers, 2003. http://dx.doi.org/10.1061/40685(2003)277.

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Bachhuber, James A. "Managing Stormwater Pollutants from a Heavy Manufacturing Site: Monitoring, Modeling, and Design." In Watershed Management Conference 2010. Reston, VA: American Society of Civil Engineers, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1061/41143(394)61.

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Cheng, Jiang, Wei Pan, and Min Ding. "CSO Pollutants Reduction Effects of Two Different Stormwater Detention Tanks in Central Shanghai." In 2012 2nd International Conference on Remote Sensing, Environment and Transportation Engineering (RSETE). IEEE, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/rsete.2012.6260523.

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Pitt, Robert, and Richard Field. "Catchbasins and Inserts for the Control of Gross Solids and Conventional Stormwater Pollutants." In World Water and Environmental Resources Congress 2004. Reston, VA: American Society of Civil Engineers, 2004. http://dx.doi.org/10.1061/40737(2004)57.

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Reddy, Krishna R., and Girish Kumar. "Permeable Reactive Filter Systems for the Treatment of Urban Stormwater Runoff with Mixed Pollutants." In Geotechnical Frontiers 2017. Reston, VA: American Society of Civil Engineers, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1061/9780784480434.055.

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Adderley, Virgil, and Arnel Mandilag. "Portland's CSO Program Modeling: Reflecting the City's Priorities for CSO and Stormwater Pollutants Using Real Time Controls." In Ninth International Conference on Urban Drainage (9ICUD). Reston, VA: American Society of Civil Engineers, 2002. http://dx.doi.org/10.1061/40644(2002)329.

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Valentukevičienė, Marina, and Maryam Ebrahimian Najafabadi. "Use of Natural Sorbent for Stormwater Treatment." In 11th International Conference “Environmental Engineering”. VGTU Technika, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.3846/enviro.2020.589.

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Stormwater runoff is an important avenue for pollutant transport from impermeable surfaces to surface waters. Consequently, stormwater pollutions require additional treatment processes to achieve water quality goals. Natural sorbents have been demanded and studied for using in water treatment because of their low cost and safety. In this study the use of Acorus Calamus, row Hemp, and procedure Hemp in stormwater treatment was investigated. Results of study in all sorbents with different concentrations and dosage indicated high efficiency to reduce pH. The use of Acorus Calamus for Turbidity, Phosphorus, conductivity and colour resulted increasing amount in different Dosage. In another experiments, using row Hemp, procedure Hemp and Linseed as natural sorbents indicated high efficiency to reduce turbidity of stormwater. Also it is obtained that procedure Hemp has high efficiency to reduce conductivity of stormwater.
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Reports on the topic "Stormwater pollutants"

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Hinzman, R. L., G. R. Southworth, A. J. Stewart, and M. J. Filson. Evaluation of the environmental effects of stormwater pollutants for Oak Ridge National Laboratory. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), July 1995. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/95228.

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Bedford, Philip, Alexis Long, Thomas Long, Erin Milliken, Lauren Thomas, and Alexis Yelvington. Legal Mechanisms for Mitigating Flood Impacts in Texas Coastal Communities. Edited by Gabriel Eckstein. Texas A&M University School of Law Program in Natural Resources Systems, May 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.37419/eenrs.mitigatingfloodimpactstx.

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Flooding is a major source of concern for Texas’ coastal communities. It affects the quality of infrastructure, the lives of citizens, and the ecological systems upon which coastal communities in Texas rely. To plan for and mitigate the impacts of flooding, Texas coastal communities may implement land use tools such as zoning, drainage utility systems, eminent domain, exactions, and easements. Additionally, these communities can benefit from understanding how flooding affects water quality and the tools available to restore water bodies to healthy water quality levels. Finally, implementing additional programs for education and ecotourism will help citizens develop knowledge of the impacts of flooding and ways to plan and mitigate for coastal flooding. Land use tools can help communities plan for and mitigate flooding. Section III addresses zoning, a land use tool that most municipalities already utilize to organize development. Zoning can help mitigate flooding, drainage, and water quality issues, which, Texas coastal communities continually battle. Section IV discusses municipal drainage utility systems, which are a mechanism available to municipalities to generate dedicated funds that can help offset costs associated with providing stormwater management. Section V addresses land use and revenue-building tools such as easements, eminent domain, and exactions, which are vital for maintaining existing and new developments in Texas coastal communities. Additionally, Section VI addresses conservation easements, which are a flexible tool that can enhance community resilience through increasing purchase power, establishing protected legal rights, and minimizing hazardous flood impacts. Maintaining good water quality is important for sustaining the diverse ecosystems located within and around Texas coastal communities. Water quality is regulated at the federal level through the Clean Water Act. As discussed in Section VII, the state of Texas is authorized to implement and enforce these regulations by implementing point source and nonpoint source pollutants programs, issuing permits, implementing stormwater discharge programs, collecting water quality data, and setting water quality standards. The state of Texas also assists local communities with implementing restorative programs, such as Watershed Protection Programs, to help local stakeholders restore impaired water bodies. Section VIII addresses ecotourism and how these distinct economic initiatives can help highlight the importance of ecosystem services to local communities. Section VIX discusses the role of education in improving awareness within the community and among visitors, and how making conscious decisions can allow coastal communities to protect their ecosystem and protect against flooding.
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Deal, Kathie Jennette. Updated Stormwater Management Program Plan: For coverage under the National Pollutant Discharge Elimination System Municipal Separate Storm Sewer System Permit for stormwater discharges within the Middle Rio Grande Watershed (v.3). Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), August 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/1527315.

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Urban stormwater quality, event-mean concentrations, and estimates of stormwater pollutant loads, Dallas-Fort Worth area, Texas, 1992-93. US Geological Survey, 1998. http://dx.doi.org/10.3133/wri984158.

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