Relevant bibliographies by topics / Storms

Academic literature on the topic 'Storms'

Author: Grafiati
Published: 4 June 2021
Last updated: 30 July 2024

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Journal articles on the topic "Storms"

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Wallace, Robinson, Katja Friedrich, Wiebke Deierling, Evan A. Kalina, and Paul Schlatter. "The Lightning and Dual-Polarization Radar Characteristics of Three Hail-Accumulating Thunderstorms." Weather and Forecasting 35, no. 4 (August 1, 2020): 1583–603. http://dx.doi.org/10.1175/waf-d-19-0224.1.

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AbstractThunderstorms that produce hail accumulations at the surface can impact residents by obstructing roadways, closing airports, and causing localized flooding from hail-clogged drainages. These storms have recently gained an increased interest within the scientific community. However, differences that are observable in real time between these storms and storms that produce nonimpactful hail accumulations have yet to be documented. Similarly, the characteristics within a single storm that are useful to quantify or predict hail accumulations are not fully understood. This study uses lightning and dual-polarization radar data to characterize hail accumulations from three storms that occurred on the same day along the Colorado–Wyoming Front Range. Each storm’s characteristics are verified against radar-derived hail accumulation maps and in situ observations. The storms differed in maximum accumulation, either producing 22 cm, 7 cm, or no accumulation. The magnitude of surface hail accumulations is found to be dependent on a combination of in-cloud hail production, storm translation speed, and hailstone melting. The optimal combination for substantial hail accumulations is enhanced in-cloud hail production, slow storm speed, and limited hailstone melting. However, during periods of similar in-cloud hail production, lesser accumulations are derived when storm speed and/or hailstone melting, identified by radar presentation, is sufficiently large. These results will aid forecasters in identifying when hail accumulations are occurring in real time.
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Chernogor, L. F. "Physics of geospace storms." Kosmìčna nauka ì tehnologìâ 27, no. 1 (2021): 3–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.15407/knit2021.01.003.

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A review of our knowledge about the coupling of solar-terrestrial processes, manifestations of geospace storms, and variations in space weather is presented. Space weather effects are analyzed within the system paradigm concept. The system where geospace storms occur is a Sun–interplanetary medium–magnetosphere–ionosphere–atmosphere–Earth (interior spheres) aggregate (SIMMIAE). An early twenty-first- century geospace superstorm that occurred on November 7 – 10, 2004, is examined in detail. Clustered instrument observations of this storm effects are presented. The investigation of the physical effects of geospace storms is noted to be the most important field of study in space geophysics. The problem of subsystem coupling in the SIMMIAE system during a geospace storm is interdisciplinary in nature. Its solution requires an application of the system approach. The problem has a multifactor character. The subsystem response is determined by the simultaneous (synergetic) impact of a few disturbing factors. It is important to note that the SIMMIAE is an open, nonlinear, and nonstationary system. Within it, direct coupling and feedback processes, positive and negative linkages operate. Due to the myriads of manifestations of geospace storms, because of the unique nature of each storm, the investigation of occurring physical effects is far from complete. In addition to a thorough investigation of the storm’s physical effects, there is an urgent need to model and forecast the storms adequately and in detail. The solution to these problems will facilitate the survival and steady progress of our civilization, relying more and more on new state-of-the-art technology. The more technologically reliant our society is, the more vulnerable the civilization's infrastructure to solar and geospace storm impacts becomes. A classification of geostorms based on Akasofu's epsilon parameter has been advanced. Six types of geostorm have been introduced, and a geostorm index has been suggested. A classification of ionospheric storms and disturbances based on the magnitude of variations in the peak density of the F2 layer has been suggested. Five types of the ionospheric storm have been introduced. An ionospheric index characterizing the intensity of negative and positive ionospheric storms has been suggested. A classification of ionospheric storms and disturbances based on the magnitude of variations in the lower-ionosphere electron density has been proposed. Six types of the positive ionospheric storm have been introduced. The appropriate ionospheric index has been suggested. The physics-based model of the evolution of each group of ionospheric storms and disturbances has been determined. The linkages among magnetic, ionospheric, and atmospheric storms, as well as electric field disturbances, have been shown.
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Kimball, Sytske K. "A Modeling Study of Hurricane Landfall in a Dry Environment." Monthly Weather Review 134, no. 7 (July 1, 2006): 1901–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.1175/mwr3155.1.

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Abstract The effects of dry air intrusion on landfalling hurricanes are investigated using eight numerical simulations. The simulations differ in the initial amount of moisture in the storm core and its horizontal extent from the storm center. The storms evolve very differently during the 36-h simulation. Storms with a small radial extent of moisture develop minimal rainbands, intensify rapidly in the first 3 h, and weaken as dry air from the 800–850-hPa layer wraps cyclonically and inward around the storm core. As the air approaches the core, it sinks (possibly by eyewall downdrafts or as a result of evaporative cooling), reaches the storm’s inflow layer, and entrains into the eyewall updrafts. Storms with large radial extent of moisture develop into larger storms with large rainbands, having smaller intensification rates initially, but continue to intensify for a longer period of time. Rainband downdrafts release low equivalent potential temperature air into the moat region. Low-level convergence into the rainbands reduces the magnitude of eyewall inflow. Both factors reduce storm intensification initially. Simultaneously, the rainbands act as a barrier between the moist core and the dry environment, preventing dry air from penetrating the storm core. As land is approached, inflowing air is no longer replenished with heat and moisture. Eventually, rainband convection erodes and dry air approaches the storm core from the landward side causing the storms to weaken. Without the presence of land, a hurricane can sustain itself in a dry environment, provided its moist envelope is large enough.
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Wang, Yu, Hong-Qing Wang, Lei Han, Yin-Jing Lin, and Yan Zhang. "Statistical Characteristics of Unsteady Storms in Radar Observations for the Beijing–Tianjin Region." Journal of Applied Meteorology and Climatology 54, no. 1 (January 2015): 106–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.1175/jamc-d-14-0043.1.

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AbstractThis study was designed to provide basic information for the improvement of storm nowcasting. According to the mean direction deviation of storm movement, storms were classified into three types: 1) steady storms (S storms, extrapolated efficiently), 2) unsteady storms (U storms, extrapolated poorly), and 3) transitional storms (T storms). The U storms do not fit the linear extrapolation processes because of their unsteady movements. A 6-yr warm-season radar observation dataset was used to highlight and analyze the differences between U storms and S storms. The analysis included geometric features, dynamic factors, and environmental parameters. The results showed that storms with the following characteristics changed movement direction most easily in the Beijing–Tianjin region: 1) smaller storm area, 2) lower thickness (echo-top height minus base height), 3) lower movement speed, 4) weaker updrafts and the maximum value located in the mid- and upper troposphere, 5) storm-relative vertical wind profiles dominated by directional shear instead of speed shear, 6) lower relative humidity in the mid- and upper troposphere, and 7) higher surface evaporation and ground roughness.
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Zhang, Weiqing, William Perrie, and Weibiao Li. "Impacts of Waves and Sea Spray on Midlatitude Storm Structure and Intensity." Monthly Weather Review 134, no. 9 (September 1, 2006): 2418–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.1175/mwr3191.1.

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Abstract A coupled atmosphere–wave–sea spray model system is used to evaluate the combined impacts of spray evaporation and wave drag on midlatitude storms. The focus of this paper is on the role of air–sea fluxes on storm intensity and development, and related impacts on the structure of the atmospheric boundary layer. The composite model system consists of the Canadian Mesoscale Compressible Community atmospheric model coupled to the operational wave model WAVEWATCH III, and a recent bulk parameterization for heat fluxes due to sea spray. The case studies are extratropical Hurricane Earl (in 1998) and two intense winter storms from 2000 and 2002, hereafter denoted “superbomb” and “bomb,” respectively. The results show that sea spray tends to intensify storms, whereas wave-related drag tends to weaken storms. The mechanisms by which spray and wave-related drag can influence storm intensity are quite different. When wind speeds are high and sea surface temperatures warm, spray can significantly increase the surface heat fluxes. By comparison, momentum fluxes related to wave drag are important over regions of the storm where young, newly generated waves are prevalent, for example during the rapid development phase of the storm. These momentum fluxes decrease in areas where the storm waves reach maturity. The collective influence of spray and waves on storm intensity depends on their occurrence in the early stages of a storm’s rapid intensification phase, and their spatial distribution with respect to the storm center. Moreover, for the case of the superbomb, a potential vorticity framework is used to show the relative importance of these surface flux impacts compared with baroclinic processes.
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Kumar, Edwin A., and Sushil Kumar. "Geomagnetic Storm Effect on F2-Region Ionosphere during 2012 at Low- and Mid-Latitude-Latitude Stations in the Southern Hemisphere." Atmosphere 13, no. 3 (March 15, 2022): 480. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/atmos13030480.

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The ionospheric effects of six intense geomagnetic storms with Dst index ≤ −100 nT that occurred in 2012 were studied at a low-latitude station, Darwin (Geomagnetic coordinates, 21.96° S, 202.84° E), a low-mid-latitude station, Townsville (28.95° S, 220.72° E), and a mid-latitude station, Canberra (45.65° S, 226.30° E), in the Australian Region, by analyzing the storm–time variations in the critical frequency of the F2-region (foF2). Out of six storms, a storm of 23–24 April did not produce any ionospheric effect. The storms of 30 September–3 October (minimum Dst = −122 nT) and 7–10 October (minimum Dst = −109 nT) are presented as case studies and the same analysis was done for the other four storms. The storm of 30 September–3 October, during its main phase, produced a positive ionospheric storm at all three stations with a maximum percentage increase in foF2 (∆foF2%) of 45.3% at Canberra whereas during the recovery phase it produced a negative ionospheric storm at all three stations with a maximum ∆foF2% of −63.5% at Canberra associated with a decrease in virtual height of the F-layer (h’F). The storm of 7–10 October produced a strong long-duration negative ionospheric storm associated with an increase in h’F during its recovery phase at all three stations with a maximum ∆foF2% of −65.1% at Townsville. The negative ionospheric storms with comparatively longer duration were more pronounced in comparison to positive storms and occurred only during the recovery phase of storms. The storm main phase showed positive ionospheric storms for two storms (14–15 July and 30 September–3 October) and other three storms did not produce any ionospheric storm at the low-latitude station indicating prompt penetrating electric fields (PPEFs) associated with these storms did not propagate to the low latitude. The positive ionospheric storms during the main phase are accounted to PPEFs affecting ionospheric equatorial E × B drifts and traveling ionospheric disturbances due to joule heating at the high latitudes. The ionospheric effects during the recovery phase are accounted to the disturbance dynamo electric fields and overshielding electric field affecting E × B drifts and the storm-induced circulation from high latitudes toward low latitudes leading to changes in the natural gas composition [O/N2] ratio.
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Smith, Brianne K., James Smith, and Mary Lynn Baeck. "Flash Flood–Producing Storm Properties in a Small Urban Watershed." Journal of Hydrometeorology 17, no. 10 (October 1, 2016): 2631–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.1175/jhm-d-16-0070.1.

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Abstract The structure and evolution of flash flood–producing storms over a small urban watershed in the mid-Atlantic United States with a prototypical flash flood response is examined. Lagrangian storm properties are investigated through analyses of the 32 storms that produced the largest peak discharges in Moores Run between January 2000 and May 2014. The Thunderstorm Identification, Tracking, Analysis, and Nowcasting (TITAN) algorithm is used to track storm characteristics over their life cycle with a focus on storm size, movement, intensity, and location. First, the 13 June 2003 and 1 June 2006 storms, which produced the two largest peak discharges for the study period, are analyzed. Heavy rainfall for the 13 June 2003 and 1 June 2006 storms were caused by a collapsing thunderstorm cell and a slow-moving, low-echo centroid storm. Analyses of the 32 storms show that collapsing storm cells play an important role in peak rainfall rate production and flash flooding. Storm motion is predominantly southwest-to-northeast, and approximately half of the storms exhibited some linear organization. Mean storm total rainfall for the 32 storms displayed an asymmetric distribution around Moores Run, with sharply decreasing gradients southwest of the watershed (upwind and into the city) and increased rainfall to the northeast (downwind and away from the city). Results indicate urban modification of rainfall in flash flood–producing storms. There was no evidence that the storms split around Baltimore. Flood-producing rainfall was highly concentrated in time; on average, approximately 21% of the storm total rainfall fell within 15 min.
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Eichler, Timothy, and Wayne Higgins. "Climatology and ENSO-Related Variability of North American Extratropical Cyclone Activity." Journal of Climate 19, no. 10 (May 15, 2006): 2076–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.1175/jcli3725.1.

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Abstract The climatology and interannual variability of North American extratropical cyclones are examined using 6-hourly sea level pressure data from the NCEP–NCAR reanalysis for the period 1950–2002 and ECMWF 40-yr Re-Analysis (ERA-40) data from 1971 to 2000. The climatology includes an evaluation of the seasonal frequency and intensity of storms as well as an analysis of extreme event intensity. ENSO variability is evaluated by ENSO phase with emphasis on boreal winter. Results show an enhanced East Coast storm track during El Niño as well as an equatorward shift in storm tracks in the North Pacific for storms generated from both the NCEP–NCAR reanalysis and ERA-40 datasets. Observed precipitation close to a storm’s center is used to determine which phase of the ENSO cycle is associated with the most productive storms and where they occur. During El Niño winters, a precipitation maximum is located east of the Appalachians and is associated with an enhanced East Coast storm track. During La Niña winters, the precipitation maximum shifts to the Ohio Valley and is associated with an enhanced Great Lakes storm track. Along the U.S. west coast, there is a precipitation maximum in the Pacific Northwest during La Niña winters, which is due to a storm track west of Washington State.
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Zhai, Changzhi, Yutian Chen, Xiaoyun Cheng, and Xunzhe Yin. "Spatiotemporal Evolution and Drivers of the Four Ionospheric Storms over the American Sector during the August 2018 Geomagnetic Storm." Atmosphere 14, no. 2 (February 7, 2023): 335. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/atmos14020335.

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The spatiotemporal variations and mechanisms of the ionospheric storms over the American sector during the August 2018 geomagnetic storm are investigated. One positive and one negative ionospheric storm occurred in North America and two positive storms were observed in South America. The ionosphere showed prominent hemispheric asymmetries during the four storms. The maximum VTEC (vertical total electron content) variation was more than 15 TECU during the positive storms and about −10 during the negative storm. The GUVI (Global Ultraviolet Imager) oxygen (O) to nitrogen (N2) column density ratio (∑O/N2) and SuperDARN (Super Dual Auroral Radar Network) polar cap potential results showed that the electric field variations played a decisive role in generating the North American negative storm while the thermspheric composition changes were responsible for the North American positive storm and the two South America positive storms.
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Molina, Rosa, Giorgio Manno, Carlo Lo Re, Giorgio Anfuso, and Giuseppe Ciraolo. "Storm Energy Flux Characterization along the Mediterranean Coast of Andalusia (Spain)." Water 11, no. 3 (March 11, 2019): 509. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/w11030509.

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This paper investigates wave climate and storm characteristics along the Mediterranean coast of Andalusia, for the period 1979–2014, by means of the analysis of wave data on four prediction points obtained from the European Centre for Medium-Range Weather Forecasts (ECMWF). Normally, to characterize storms, researchers use the so-called “power index”. In this paper, a different approach was adopted based on the assessment of the wave energy flux of each storm, using a robust definition of sea storm. During the investigated period, a total of 2961 storm events were recorded. They were classified by means of their associated energy flux into five classes, from low- (Class I) to high-energetic (Class V). Each point showed a different behavior in terms of energy, number, and duration of storms. Nine stormy years, i.e., years with a high cumulative energy, were recorded in 1980, 1983, 1990, 1992, 1995, 2001, 2008, 2010, and 2013.
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Storms"

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Jones, Gwilym John. "Shakespeare's storms." Thesis, University of Sussex, 2010. http://sro.sussex.ac.uk/id/eprint/2388/.

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This thesis seeks to provide a new perspective on storms in Shakespeare. Rather than a recurrent motif, the storm is seen as protean: each play uses the storm in a singular way. The works of Shakespeare's contemporaries are explored for comparison, whilst meteorological texts and accounts of actual storms are examined for context. Using close reading and theories of ecocriticism throughout, I show that Shakespeare's storms are attentive to the environmental conditions of experience. Although the dominant practice of staging storms in early modern England is to suggest the supernatural, Shakespeare writes storms which operate quite differently. I argue that this is a compelling opportunity to see Shakespeare develop a complex engagement with audience expectations. Five plays are explored in separate chapters, each with respect to performative conditions and through close reading of the poetry. Firstly, I argue that the Globe's opening in 1599 demanded a spectacular showcase, to which Julius Caesar responded, shaping the play's language and staging. With King Lear (c.1605), the traditional, non-Shakespearean location of the heath betrays a tendency to misread the play in terms of location rather than event. King Lear's storm withholds the supernatural, a manifestly different approach from that in Macbeth (c.1606); Shakespeare both adheres to and resists convention in this respect. The relationship between storm and the supernatural in Macbeth is shown to be fundamental to the play's equivocation. Shakespeare's next storm is in Pericles (c.1608), which also contains a storm by George Wilkins. The two writers' approaches are explored with respect to the Bible, alluded to extensively throughout the play. Finally, with The Tempest (c.1611), I argue that Shakespeare's manipulation of audience expectation through the storm demands a reading which combines the metatheatrical and the ecocritical. Foregrounded as expressions of dramatic and environmental awareness, I bring new insights to Shakespeare's storms.
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Calabretta, Marci. "Dictionary of Storms." FIU Digital Commons, 2014. http://digitalcommons.fiu.edu/etd/1131.

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DICTIONARY OF STORMS is a collection of poetry that explores the dynamics of one family through their son’s absence. Using recurring images of skin, water, dragonflies, and pearls, the poems examine distance and absence, wanderlust and filial obligation from different family members’ perspectives. Desires are sloughed off, replaced by new ones, re-cultivated as mythos. The architecture of many individual poems, and the collection as a whole, are structured by meditative lyricism reminiscent of Li-Young Lee. Robert Hass’s poems and translations serve as a model for articulating both the difficulty and beauty of longing. Personae such as “Admonishing Brother Returns as Chrysanthemum” and “Hungry Brother Returns as Octopus” are influenced by Ai and Louise Glück. In the spirit of Emily Dickinson and John Keats, DICTIONARY OF STORMS reflects upon longing, grief, and desire.
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Rieken, Bernd. ""Nordsee ist Mordsee" : Sturmfluten und ihre Bedeutung für die Mentalitätsgeschichte der Friesen /." Münster [u.a.] : Waxmann, 2005. http://www.loc.gov/catdir/toc/fy0701/2006377751.html.

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Middleton, Nick. "The geography of dust storms." Thesis, University of Oxford, 1986. http://ora.ox.ac.uk/objects/uuid:9e98cc16-7a43-4ef8-9526-3e4c064b108a.

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Dust storms have a great many environmental implications in the world's dry lands where they are particularly common. Four main classes of dust event are identified and defined: dust storms, dust haze, blowing dust and dust devils. The geography of dust storms is analysed in each of eight major world regions: Africa, the Middle East, South-west Asia, Europe and the USSR, China, Australia, North America and Latin America. Terrestrially observed meteorological data and data from remote sensing platforms are employed to identify the major source areas in each region, their seasonality, diurnal patterns of activity and trajectories of long-range transport. Among the important controls on the frequency distribution of dust storm activity are the meteorological conditions that generate dust-raising winds, and a number of meteorological systems commonly cause dust storms in all global regions. These include low pressure fronts with intense baroclinal gradients, pressure gradient winds between moving or stationary air masses, katabatic winds and convectional cells. The nature of the surface upon which deflation occurs is also important; typical dust-producing geomorpholological units include alluvial spreads, lacustrine deposits, desert depressions, loess deposits and reactivated fossil dunes. Dust storm activity is prone to considerable variation. The seasonal characteristics are explicable with reference to the meteorological systems generating dust, the state of ground cover, particularly vegetation, and the effects of seasonal rainfall. Substantial variations also occur from year to year, and land use and climatic variations can substantially affect their occurrence.
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Booth, Timothy Charles. "Magnetospheric response to geomagnetic storms." Thesis, University of Leicester, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/2381/42328.

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Geomagnetic storms are well observed phenomena that enhance the plasma of the inner magnetosphere to high energies. They are defined by the characteristic trace in indices that measure the variation of the north-south component of the Earth’s magnetic field, such as the Dst or SYM-H. These indices are not purely measures of the symmetric ring current but include components of other current systems within the magnetosphere, primarily the tail and magnetopause currents. Using the methodology of Asikainen et al. [2010] the SMR index has been deconstructed to observe the evolution of the aforementioned current systems over the storm durations. Reeves et al. [2003] showed that only half of all storms caused an increase in the relativistic electron flux at geosynchronous orbit. For the remaining half the electron flux either does not change or decreases. It has been shown that the ring current decays faster for flux decrease storms than flux increase storms. Using a superposed epoch analysis, of geomagnetic indices and solar wind parameters, it has also been shown that although flux increase storms tend to have faster, less dense solar wind in the recovery phase of storms, it appears that it is the orientation of the IMF, which remains more southward in the recovery phase, that is the key parameter. This allows for the continued injection of plasma sheet particles into the inner magnetosphere. Further evidence to support this has been shown with the hydrogen and helium fluxes mirroring that of the electron flux. Finally, potential wave modes were evaluated over storm durations and potential acceleration mechanisms were noted as being more intense during flux increase storms than flux decrease storms; this is most likely due to the increase in the seed particles necessary for their generation.
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Suresh, Padmashri. "Global Thermospheric Response to Geomagnetic Storms." DigitalCommons@USU, 2016. https://digitalcommons.usu.edu/etd/5001.

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Geomagnetic storms deposit energy and momentum into the Earth’s magnetosphere which in turn energizes the terrestrial atmosphere through Joule heating and particle precipitation. This storm energy predominantly converges at altitudes of 100 to 150 km, corresponding to the lower thermospheric region, which is then globally redistributed throughout the thermosphere. It is essential that we understand the times and magnitudes of this energy to understand the terrestrial atmospheric response to geomagnetic storms. However, our current knowledge is mostly limited to the studies of orbital altitudes of the thermosphere. We aim to fill this gap by conducting a statistical study of lower thermospheric response to geomagnetic storms. We use neutral temperature data from SABER (Sounding of the Atmosphere Using Broadband Emission Radiometry) instrument onboard the TIMED (Thermosphere, Ionosphere, and Mesosphere Energy Dynamics) satellite for this study. We devise a procedure to extract the storm response from SABER temperature measurements and deduce the magnitudes and times of the global storm energy redistribution in the 100 to 120 km altitude of the thermosphere. We use methods of inferential and descriptive statistics to investigate the lower thermospheric response for 145 storm intervals that occurred between 2002 and 2010. We also investigate the performance of the state-ofart physics and empirical models in replicating the lower thermosphere during geomagnetic storms.
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MacHutchon, K. R. "The characterisation of South African sea storms." Thesis, Link to the online version, 2006. http://hdl.handle.net/10019/576.

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Huttunen, Emilia. "Interplanetary shocks, magnetic clouds and magnetospheric storms /." Helsinki : Finn. Meteorological Inst, 2005. http://www.gbv.de/dms/goettingen/500380295.pdf.

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Raza, Syed Aunn Hasan. "Can silhouette execution mitigate VM boot storms?" Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/76997.

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Thesis (M. Eng.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Dept. of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, 2011.
Cataloged from PDF version of thesis.
Includes bibliographical references (p. 107-108).
Server virtualization enables data centers to run many VMs on individual hosts - this reduces costs, simplifies administration and facilitates management. Improvement in hardware and virtualization technology, coupled with the use of virtualization for desktop machines with modest steady-state resource utilization, is expected to allow individual hosts to run thousands of VMs at the same time. Such high VM densities per host would allow data centers to reap unprecedented cost-savings in the future. Unfortunately, unusually high CPU and memory pressure generated when many VMs boot up concurrently can cripple hosts that can otherwise run many VMs. Over provisioning hardware to avoid prohibitively high boot latencies that result from these - often daily - boot storms is clearly expensive. The aim of this thesis is to investigate whether a hypervisor could theoretically exploit the overlap in the instruction streams of concurrently booting VMs to reduce CPU pressure in boot storms. This idea, which we name silhouette execution, would allow hypervisors to use the CPU in a scalable way, much like transparent page sharing allows a hypervisor to use its limited memory in a scalable fashion. To evaluate silhouette execution, we studied user-space instruction streams from a few Linux services using dynamic instrumentation. We statistically profiled the extent of nondeterminism in program execution, and compiled the reasons behind any execution differences. Though there is significant overlap in the user-mode instruction streams of Linux services, our simple simulations show that silhouette execution would increase CPU pressure by 13% for 100 VMs and 6% for 1000 VMs. To remedy this, we present a few strategies for reducing synthetic differences in execution in user-space programs. Our simulations show that silhouette execution can reduce CPU pressure on a host by a factor of 8x for 100 VMs and a factor of 19x for 1000 VMs once these strategies are used. We believe that the insights provided in this thesis on controlling execution differences in concurrently booting VMs via dynamic instrumentation are a prelude to a successful future implementation of silhouette execution.
by Syed Aunn Hasan Raza.
M.Eng.
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Hiyadutuje, Alicreance. "Ionospheric disturbances during magnetic storms at SANAE." Thesis, Rhodes University, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/10962/54956.

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The coronal mass ejections (CMEs) and solar flares associated with extreme solar activity may strike the Earth's magnetosphere and give rise to geomagnetic storms. During geomagnetic storms, the polar plasma dynamics may influence the middle and low-latitude ionosphere via travelling ionospheric disturbances (TIDs). These are wave-like electron density disturbances caused by atmospheric gravity waves propagating in the ionosphere. TIDs focus and defocus SuperDARN signals producing a characteristic pattern of ground backscattered power (Samson et al., 1989). Geomagnetic storms may cause a decrease of total electron content (TEC), i.e. a negative storm effect, or/and an increase of TEC, i.e. a positive storm effect. The aim of this project was to investigate the ionospheric response to strong storms (Dst < -100 nT) between 2011 and 2015, using TEC and scintillation measurements derived from GPS receivers as well as SuperDARN power, Doppler velocity and convection maps. In this study the ionosphere's response to geomagnetic storms is determined by the magnitude and time of occurrence of the geomagnetic storm. The ionospheric TEC results of this study show that most of the storm effects observed were a combination of both negative and positive per storm per station (77.8%), and only 8.9% and 13.3% of effects on TEC were negative and positive respectively. The highest number of storm effects occurred in autumn (36.4%), while 31.6%, 28.4% and 3.6% occurred in winter, spring and summer respectively. During the storms studied, 71.4% had phase scintillation in the range of 0.7 - 1 radians, and only 14.3% of the storms had amplitude scintillations near 0.4. The storms studied at SANAE station generated TIDs with periods of less than an hour and amplitudes in the range 0.2 - 5 TECU. These TIDs were found to originate from the high-velocity plasma flows, some of which are visible in SuperDARN convection maps. Early studies concluded that likely sources of these disturbances correspond to ionospheric current surges (Bristow et al., 1994) in the dayside auroral zone (Huang et al., 1998).
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Books on the topic "Storms"

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Miriam, Busch. Storms. New York: Scholastic, 2011.

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Drew, Rose, ed. Storms. Orlanda, Fla: Rigby, 2008.

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Press, Grenfell, ed. Storms. [New York, N.Y.]: [Sarah Plimpton], 2011.

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A, Pielke Roger, and Pielke Roger A. 1968-, eds. Storms. London: Routledge, 1999.

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Merk, Ann. Storms. Vero Beach, FL: Rourke Corp., 1994.

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Wood, Jenny. Storms. London: Franklin Watts, 1990.

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Goin, Miriam. Storms. Washington, D.C: National Geographic, 2009.

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Royston, Angela. Storms. New York: Marshall Cavendish Benchmark, 2010.

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Leslie, Dickstein, ed. Storms! New York: HarperCollinsPublishers, 2006.

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A, Pielke Roger, and Pielke Roger A. 1968-, eds. Storms. London: Routledge, 2000.

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Book chapters on the topic "Storms"

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Catto, Norm. "Storms." In Encyclopedia of Natural Hazards, 941. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4020-4399-4_331.

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Booth, Douglas. "Storms." In Bondi Beach, 57–82. Singapore: Springer Singapore, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-16-3899-2_3.

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Perry, A. H. "Storms." In Environmental Hazards in the British Isles, 20–42. London: Routledge, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9781003453130-3.

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Service, Robert. "Storms Before the Storm: 1912–1914." In Lenin: A Political Life, 34–66. London: Palgrave Macmillan UK, 1995. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-349-13785-5_2.

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Detering, Heinrich. "Storms Politik." In Storm-Handbuch, 33–38. Stuttgart: J.B. Metzler, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-476-05447-0_10.

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Eversberg, Gerd. "Storms Publikationspraxis." In Storm-Handbuch, 46–49. Stuttgart: J.B. Metzler, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-476-05447-0_12.

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Jacobsen, Elke. "Storms Bibliothek." In Storm-Handbuch, 18–20. Stuttgart: J.B. Metzler, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-476-05447-0_7.

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Stewart, Ronald E. "Ice Storms." In Encyclopedia of Natural Hazards, 520–22. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4020-4399-4_183.

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Spiridonov, Vlado, and Mladjen Ćurić. "Tropical Storms." In Fundamentals of Meteorology, 275–88. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-52655-9_18.

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III Doswell, Charles A. "Severe Storms." In Encyclopedia of Remote Sensing, 767–80. New York, NY: Springer New York, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-0-387-36699-9_170.

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Conference papers on the topic "Storms"

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Zhang, Yong, Robert E. Mercer, John L. Barron, and Paul Joe. "Tracking Severe Storms Using a Pseudo Storm Concept." In 2013 International Conference on Computer and Robot Vision (CRV). IEEE, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/crv.2013.9.

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Castellà, Quim, and Charles Sutton. "Word storms." In the 23rd international conference. New York, New York, USA: ACM Press, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/2566486.2567977.

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Shirah, Greg. "27 Storms." In ACM SIGGRAPH 2007 computer animation festival. New York, New York, USA: ACM Press, 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/1281740.1281745.

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Zou, Shas Ha, Mark B. Moldwin, Aaron J. Ridley, Michael J. Nicolls, Anthea J. Coster, Evan G. Thomas, and J. Michael Ruohoniemi. "Multi-instrument observations of storm-enhanced density during geomagnetic storms." In 2014 XXXIth URSI General Assembly and Scientific Symposium (URSI GASS). IEEE, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/ursigass.2014.6929720.

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Gorbil, Gokce, Omer H. Abdelrahman, and Erol Gelenbe. "Storms in mobile networks." In the 10th ACM symposium. New York, New York, USA: ACM Press, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/2642687.2642688.

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Laface, Valentina, Felice Arena, and Carlos Guedes Soares. "On Variability of Mean Wave Direction During Severe Storms." In ASME 2014 33rd International Conference on Ocean, Offshore and Arctic Engineering. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/omae2014-24633.

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The paper deals with the directional analysis of severe storms in some European locations, in the Atlantic Ocean and North Sea. The analysis is carried out by considering significant wave height and wave direction time series, from the HIPOCAS project database. At each considered location, all storms in the data set are identified. Then, for each storm, variability of direction during sea states is investigated. The results of this analysis show how direction during storms varies within well-defined sectors identified from the main directions from which the strongest storms occur plus or minus a certain angle Δϑ, and from one or more secondary sectors. The variation of direction during storms is evaluated in terms of standard deviation of direction, either by considering all sea states during storm, or only sea states during the part of the storm above a fixed threshold h of significant wave height. The results show that standard deviation of direction decreases as the threshold h increases and it is due to the fact that variability of direction near the storm peak is smaller than in the full storm.
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Laface, Valentina, Anne Karin Magnusson, Elzbieta M. Bitner-Gregersen, Magnar Reistad, Alessandra Romolo, and Felice Arena. "Equivalent Storm Model for Long-Term Statistics of Sea Storms Off Norway." In ASME 2018 37th International Conference on Ocean, Offshore and Arctic Engineering. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/omae2018-78747.

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The paper deals with long-term analysis of ocean storms off Norway. Sixty years of wave model time series are considered for the analysis. The input data provide spectral characteristics of both wind and swell seas. The availability of global and partitioned significant wave heights enables the possibility of investigating how swell seas influence the storm shape in terms of growing and decay stages and on how this aspect affects the long-term estimates. The analysis is conducted by means of equivalent storm approach which consists of substituting the sequence of actual storms at a given site with a sequence of equivalent storms whose shape is fixed (such as triangular, power or exponential) and then calculating return periods of storm with given characteristics via analytical solutions derived on the basis of storm shape assumed. This is possible due to statistical equivalence between actual and equivalent storms which in turn leads to the equality of wave risk between actual and equivalent storm sequences at a given site. The equivalent storm associated with an actual one is defined by means of two parameters, related to the storm intensity and duration. The equivalent storm intensity is given by the maximum significant wave height in the actual storm history, while the duration is determined via an iterative procedure. In this paper the exponential shape is considered which is referred as equivalent exponential (EES) storm model. Some aspects related with the storm shape and its influence on return values estimate via EES model are investigated. Further, a sensitivity analysis of EES model to the storm threshold is proposed.
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Fedele, Francesco, Felice Arena, and M. Aziz Tayfun. "Space-Time Extremes in Sea Storms." In ASME 2011 30th International Conference on Ocean, Offshore and Arctic Engineering. ASMEDC, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/omae2011-49048.

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We present a stochastic model of sea storms to predict the maximum height of the wave surface over a given area during storms. To do so, we exploit the theory of Euler Characteristics of random excursion sets combined with a generalization of Boccotti’s equivalent triangular storm model (Boccotti, 2000) that describes an actual storm history in the form of a generic power law (Fedele and Arena, 2010). An analytical solution for the return period of extreme wave events over a given area and the associated statistical properties are given. We then assess the relative validity of the new model and its predictions by analyzing wave measurements retrieved from NOAA-NODC buoys moored offshore of the Atlantic and Pacific coasts.
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Jamjareegulgarn, Punyawi, Sarun Duangsuwan, Pornchai Supnithi, Jirapoom Budtho, Udomsit Tangtrakunphaisan, Kornyanat Hozumi, and Takuya Tsugawa. "Identifying Geomagnetic Storms with Ionospheric Storm Scale for GNSS and Disaster Prevention." In 2020 8th International Electrical Engineering Congress (iEECON). IEEE, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/ieecon48109.2020.229462.

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Curtis, David C. "Evaluation of the Spatial Structure of Storms and the Development of Design Storms." In World Environmental and Water Resources Congress 2007. Reston, VA: American Society of Civil Engineers, 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.1061/40927(243)286.

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Reports on the topic "Storms"

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Alter, Ross, Sandra LeGrand, Freddie Spates, William Ledbetter, Sherman Minnigan, John Thompson, Kindra Carter, and Phillip Elliott. Meteorological influences of a major dust storm in Southwest Asia during July–August 2018. Engineer Research and Development Center (U.S.), November 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.21079/11681/45960.

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Dust storms can be hazardous for aviation, military activities, and respiratory health and can occur on a wide variety of spatiotemporal scales with little to no warning. To properly forecast these storms, a comprehensive understanding of the meteorological dynamics that control their evolution is a prerequisite. To that end, we chose a major dust storm that occurred in Southwest Asia during July–August 2018 and conducted an observation-based analysis of the meteorological conditions that influenced the storm’s evolution. We found that the main impetus behind the dust storm was a large-scale meteorological system (i.e., a cyclone) that affected Southwest Asia. It seems that cascading effects from this system produced a smaller, near-surface warm anomaly in Mesopotamia that may have triggered the dust storm, guided its trajectory over the Arabian Peninsula, and potentially catalyzed the development of a small low-pressure system over the southeastern end of the peninsula. This low-pressure system may have contributed to some convective activity over the same region. This type of analysis may provide important information about large-scale meteorological forcings for not only this particular dust storm but also for future dust storms in Southwest Asia and other regions of the world.
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Chase, Eve, and Brian Larsen. Toward Forecasting Geomagnetic Storms. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), February 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/1845219.

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Paulson, Clayton A. Air-Sea Interaction (Ocean Storms). Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, June 1995. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada327232.

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Kim, Lauren Nicole, Katherine Brodie, Nicholas Cohn, Sarah Giddings, and Mark Merrifield. Observations of Beach Change and Runup, and the Performance of Empirical Runup Parameterizations during Large Storm Events. Engineer Research and Development Center (U.S.), June 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.21079/11681/48712.

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Timeseries observations of beach elevation change and wave runup from a tower-mounted stationary lidar assess the skill of 2% runup exceedance (𝑅𝑅2%) estimates during four storm events at Duck, NC. The runup parameterization requires the foreshore beach slope, which generally unknown during high energy events. Pre-storm estimates are often used as a proxy. 𝑅𝑅2% hindcasts use the observed time-varying beach slope and a static pre-storm beach profile, yielding an 𝑅𝑅2% skill of 0.57. The skill drops to −1.0 using seasonal mean beach slopes and reduces after the peak of two storms with the appearance of beach cusps in the swash zone morphology. One storm’s runup is underpredicted by up to 1.0 m at high tides following the storm peak when cusps are present Additional pre- and post-storm mobile lidar surveys for one storm confirm ubiquitous small-scale beach cusps along 8 km of the local shoreline. The results suggest skillful runup estimates are often attainable given the availability of beach information before a storm. The parameterization errors increase when beach cusps develop, highlighting the need to extend standard one-dimensional runup parameterizations to account for two-dimensional effects.
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Jones, Kathleen F. Ice Storms, Trees and Power Lines. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, January 1999. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada635875.

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Pelli, Martino, and Jeanne Tschopp. Storms, Early Education and Human Capital. CIRANO, May 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.54932/houf2464.

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This paper explores how school-age exposure to storms impacts the education and primary activity status of young adults in India. Using a cross-sectional cohort study based on wind exposure histories, we find evidence of a significant deskilling of areas vulnerable to climate change-related risks. Specifically, our results show a 2.4 percentage point increase in the probability of accruing educational delays, a 2 percentage point decline in post-secondary education achievement, and a 1.6 percentage point reduction in obtaining regular salaried jobs. Additionally, our study provides evidence that degraded school infrastructure and declining household income contribute to these findings.
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Mouikis, C. G., A. Korth, R. H. Friedel, and J. F. Fennell. Dawn/Dusk Dropouts due to Storms/Sub storms Near the Outer Radiation Belt: Observations from CRRES. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, September 1999. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada372863.

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Ramos-Santiago, Efrain, Norberto Nadal-Caraballo, Fabian Garcia-Moreno, Luke Aucoin, Meredith Carr, Madison Yawn, and Jeffrey Melby. Statistical analysis of storm surge and seiche hazards for Lake Erie. Engineer Research and Development Center (U.S.), May 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.21079/11681/48590.

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Storm surge and seiche events are generally forced by severe storms, initially resulting in a wind-driven super elevation of water level on one or more sides of a lake (surge) followed by a rebound and periodic oscillation of water levels between opposing sides of the lake (seiche). These events have caused flooding along Lake Erie and significant damages to coastal communities and infrastructure. This study builds upon statistical analysis methods initially developed for the 2012 federal interagency Great Lakes Coastal Flood Study. Using the Coastal Hazards System's stochastic Storm Simulation (StormSim) suite of tools, including the Probabilistic Simulation Technique (PST), and regional frequency model, historical extreme events were assessed in a local frequency analysis and a regional frequency analysis to quantify the annual exceedance frequency (AEF) of WLD events specific to Lake Erie. The objective of this study was to quantify AEFs of storm surge and seiche hazards to provide a better understanding of these events to aid flood mitigation and risk reduction for lakeside properties.
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Bercos-Hickey, Emily, Huanping Huang, William Collins, and Christina Patricola. Past and Future Trends of Severe Storms. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), April 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/1769759.

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Cialone, Mary, Jessamin Straub, Britt Raubenheimer, Jenna Brown, Katherine Brodie, Nicole Elko, Patrick Dickhudt, et al. A large-scale community storm processes field experiment : the During Nearshore Event Experiment (DUNEX) overview reference report. Engineer Research and Development Center (U.S.), March 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.21079/11681/46548.

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The DUring Nearshore Event EXperiment (DUNEX) was a series of large-scale nearshore coastal field experiments focused on during-storm, nearshore coastal processes. The experiments were conducted on the North Carolina coast by a multidisciplinary group of over 30 research scientists from 2019 to 2021. The overarching goal of DUNEX was to collaboratively gather information to improve understanding of the interactions of coastal water levels, waves, and flows, beach and dune evolution, soil behavior, vegetation, and groundwater during major coastal storms that affect infrastructure, habitats, and communities. In the short term, these high-quality field measurements will lead to better understanding of during-storm processes, impacts and post-storm recovery and will enhance US academic coastal research programs. Longer-term, DUNEX data and outcomes will improve understanding and prediction of extreme event physical processes and impacts, validate coastal processes numerical models, and improve coastal resilience strategies and communication methods for coastal communities impacted by storms. This report focuses on the planning and preparation required to conduct a large-scale field experiment, the collaboration amongst researchers, and lessons learned. The value of a large-scale experiment focused on storm processes and impacts begins with the scientific gains from the data collected, which will be available and used for decades to come.
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