Journal articles: 'Storm Petrel breeding habits'

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Riffo, Ricardo Pino, Marta Mora Espinoza, and Cristian Sepúlveda Cabrera. "A new breeding site of Hornby's storm petrel." Oryx 55, no. 5 (September 2021): 652. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0030605321000892.

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T. W. McClelland, Gregory, and Ian L. Jones. "The Effects of Invasive Ants on the Nesting Success of Tristram's Storm-petrel, Oceanodroma tristrami, on Laysan Island, Hawaiian Islands National Wildlife Refuge." Pacific Conservation Biology 14, no. 1 (2008): 13. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/pc080013.

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The possible impact of invasive ants on the avifauna of the Northwest Hawaiian Islands was investigated by studying the breeding success of Tristram's Storm-petrel Oceanodroma tristrami on Laysan Island. The tramp ant Monomorium pharaonis (L.) was found to be abundant in storm-petrel nesting areas on Laysan Island. There were 380 observations made on incubating adults and 798 observations for chicks, for a total of 1178 observations from 116 storm-petrel nest sites. No ant harassment events involving incubating adult storm-petrels were recorded. Thirteen instances of more than 5 ants on Tristram's Storm-petrel chicks were recorded. One harassment event was recorded, involving approximately 200 ants. The chick left the nest site immediately following the event, did not return, and presumably died. The number of nest failures attributed to M. pharaonis was 1% (n = 116). There was a significant relationship between nest type and ant interactions (G = 24.45, p = <0.0001, n =55), with incidents only recorded from birds nesting under vegetation. It was hypothesized that the ant interactions recorded in this study were a result of Tristram's Storm-petrel chicks being in close proximity to M. pharaonis nests rather than direct predation. Thus no evidence was found of a severe impact of invasive ants on the breeding success of storm-petrels at Laysan Island. Despite no direct ant impact particular attention should be given to the interactions between M. pharaonis and bird species reliant on vegetation for nesting cover, and studies therefore should include additional breeding bird species.

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Ausems, Anne N. M. A., Grzegorz Skrzypek, Katarzyna Wojczulanis-Jakubas, and Dariusz Jakubas. "Birds of a feather moult together: Differences in moulting distribution of four species of storm-petrels." PLOS ONE 16, no. 1 (January 22, 2021): e0245756. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0245756.

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The non-breeding period of pelagic seabirds, and particularly the moulting stage, is an important, but understudied part of their annual cycle as they are hardly accessible outside of the breeding period. Knowledge about the moulting ecology of seabirds is important to understand the challenges they face outside and within the breeding season. Here, we combined stable carbon (δ13C) and oxygen (δ18O) signatures of rectrices grown during the non-breeding period of two pairs of storm-petrel species breeding in the northern (European storm-petrel, Hydrobates pelagicus, ESP; Leach’s storm-petrel, Hydrobates leucorhous, LSP) and southern (black-bellied storm-petrel, Fregetta tropica, BBSP; Wilson’s storm-petrel, Oceanites oceanicus, WSP) hemispheres to determine differences in moulting ranges within and between species. To understand clustering patterns in δ13C and δ18O moulting signatures, we examined various variables: species, sexes, years, morphologies (feather growth rate, body mass, tarsus length, wing length) and δ15N. We found that different factors could explain the differences within and between the four species. We additionally employed a geographical distribution prediction model based on oceanic δ13C and δ18O isoscapes, combined with chlorophyll-a concentrations and observational data to predict potential moulting areas of the sampled feather type. The northern species were predicted to moult in temperate and tropical Atlantic zones. BBSP was predicted to moult on the southern hemisphere north of the Southern Ocean, while WSP was predicted to moult further North, including in the Arctic and northern Pacific. While moulting distribution can only be estimated on large geographical scales using δ13C and δ18O, validating predictive outcomes with food availability proxies and observational data may provide valuable insights into important moulting grounds. Establishing those, in turn, is important for conservation management of elusive pelagic seabirds.

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WILHELM, SABINA I., APRIL HEDD, GREGORY J. ROBERTSON, JOSHUA MAILHIOT, PAUL M. REGULAR, PIERRE C. RYAN, and RICHARD D. ELLIOT. "The world’s largest breeding colony of Leach’s Storm-petrel Hydrobates leucorhous has declined." Bird Conservation International 30, no. 1 (July 19, 2019): 40–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0959270919000248.

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SummaryDespite the global significance of the Leach’s Storm-petrel Hydrobates leucorhous colony on Baccalieu Island, Newfoundland and Labrador, Canada, the estimate of 3.36 million breeding pairs reported for 1984 by Sklepkovych and Montevecchi stands as the single published population estimate for the world’s largest colony. This study increases knowledge of this population by analysing data from additional independent surveys conducted in 1984 and 1985, and by updating the population status with a survey conducted in 2013. Population estimates were derived by extrapolating occupied burrow densities to the estimated occupied area of four main habitat types (heath, forest, grass and fern), which in turn were based on proportions of habitats observed in plots (1984 and 1985) or by using a Geographic Information System approach (2013). Based on these surveys, the Leach’s Storm-petrel breeding population size on Baccalieu Island was estimated at 5.12 ± 0.73 (SE) and 4.60 ± 0.42 (SE) million pairs in 1984 and 1985 respectively, representing estimates 37–51% greater than the original 1984 survey. While discrepancies among these estimates were largely driven by the way occupied areas were estimated, our study confirms that Baccalieu Island hosts the largest Leach’s Storm-petrel colony in the world. Results from the 2013 survey estimate the current breeding Leach’s Storm-petrel population at 1.95 ± 0.14 (SE) million pairs, representing a 42% decline over 29 years (-1.4% per year), relative to the original published estimate of 3.36 ± 0.12 (SE) million pairs. The most prominent change has occurred in the density of storm-petrel burrows found in forest habitat which dropped by 70% despite forest remaining the second most abundant habitat available to nesting storm-petrels on Baccalieu Island. The cause of this decline remains unknown and is likely multi-faceted. Future research focusing on demographic studies is required to understand what is driving the population decline of this internationally important colony.

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Whittington, P. A., B. M. Dyer, and Leslie G. Underhill. "Leach's Storm-Petrel Oceanodroma leucorhoa breeding in South Africa." Bulletin of the African Bird Club 8, no. 2 (September 2001): 134. http://dx.doi.org/10.5962/p.309647.

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Stenhouse, Ian J., and William A. Montevecchi. "Habitat utilization and breeding success in Leach's Storm-Petrel: the importance of sociality." Canadian Journal of Zoology 78, no. 7 (July 1, 2000): 1267–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/z00-065.

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Models like "ideal-free distribution" that have been developed to predict the spatial distribution of animal populations typically assume that high densities will occur in preferred habitats. We investigated habitat utilization in Leach's Storm-Petrels (Oceanodroma leucorhoa) at the centre of the species' breeding range in the North Atlantic by comparing microhabitat features and breeding success in forest and open meadows on Great Island, Newfoundland. Leach's Storm-Petrels utilized forest more than open habitat. Overall, forest provided consistently better breeding habitat, with burrow density and activity and occupancy rates higher than in open habitat. A strong positive relationship between occupancy and both hatching and breeding success suggests that sociality plays an important role in habitat utilization and reproduction in Leach's Storm-Petrel.

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Bretagnolle, V. "Effet de la lune sur l'activité des pétrels (classe Aves) aux îles Salvages (Portugal)." Canadian Journal of Zoology 68, no. 7 (July 1, 1990): 1404–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/z90-209.

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Correlations between lunar phase and behaviour have been studied in five different species of petrels (Cory's Shearwater, Calonectris diomedea; Little Shearwater, Puffinus assimilis; Bulwer's Petrel, Bulweria bulwerii; White-faced Storm Petrel, Pelagodroma marina; and Madeiran Storm Petrel, Oceanodroma castro) during 20 nights. Quantitative data on the activity of birds (number of calls per time unit, proportion of nests visited, and number of birds in flight by night), relatively to their breeding status and the phase of the moon, suggest that moonlight may affect primarily the activity of the nonbreeders, especially in the smaller species. The results are compared with those for other species of petrels and possible causes of moon avoidance, such as increased predation risk, are discussed.

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Ausems, Anne N. M. A., Katarzyna Wojczulanis-Jakubas, and Dariusz Jakubas. "Differences in tail feather growth rate in storm-petrels breeding in the Northern and Southern hemisphere: a ptilochronological approach." PeerJ 7 (October 15, 2019): e7807. http://dx.doi.org/10.7717/peerj.7807.

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Moulting and breeding are costly stages in the avian annual cycle and may impose trade-offs in energy allocation between both stages or in their timing. Here, we compared feather growth rates (FGR) of rectrices in adults between two pairs of small pelagic Procellariiformes species differing in moult-breeding strategies: the European storm-petrel Hydrobates pelagicus and Leach’s storm-petrel Oceanodroma leucorhoa breeding in the Northern Hemisphere (Faroe Islands), showing moult-breeding overlap in tail feathers; and the Wilson’s storm-petrel Oceanites oceanicus and black-bellied storm-petrel Fregetta tropica, breeding in the Southern Hemisphere (South Shetlands), temporally separating moult and breeding. We used ptilochronology (i.e., feather growth bar width) to reconstruct FGR reflecting relative energy availability during moult. Based on previous research, we expected positive correlations between feather length (FL) and FGR. Additionally, we expected to find differences in FGR relative to FL between the moult-breeding strategies, where a relatively higher FGR to FL indicates a higher energy availability for moult. To investigate if energy availability during moult in the studied species is similar to species from other avian orders, we used FGR and FL found in literature (n = 164) and this study. We fitted a phylogenetic generalized least squares (PGLS) model to FGR with FL, group (i.e., Procellariiformes vs. non-Procellariiformes) and the interaction FL * group as predictors. As it has been suggested that Procellariiformes may form two growth bars per 24 h, we fitted the same model but with doubled FGR for Procellariiformes (PGLSadj). The group term was significant in the PGLS model, but was not in the PGLSadj model, confirming this suggestion. Individually predicted FGR by the PGLSadj model based on FL, showed that the Southern species have a significantly higher FGR relative to FL compared to the Northern species. Additionally, we found no correlation between FL and FGR in the Northern species, and a positive correlation between FL and FGR in the Southern species, suggesting differences in the trade-off between feather growth and size between species from both hemispheres. The observed differences between the Northern and Southern species may be caused by different moult-breeding strategies. The Southern species may have had more energy available for moult as they are free from breeding duties during moult, while the Northern species may have had less free energy due to a trade-off in energy allocation between breeding and moulting. Our study shows how different moult-breeding strategies may affect relative nutritional condition or energy allocation during moult of migratory pelagic seabirds.

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Beck, J. R., and D. W. Brown. "THE BREEDING BIOLOGY OF THE BLACK-BELLIED STORM-PETREL FREGETTA TROPICA." Ibis 113, no. 1 (April 3, 2008): 73–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1474-919x.1971.tb05124.x.

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Mancilla-Morales, Misael D., Santiago Romero-Fernández, Araceli Contreras-Rodríguez, José J. Flores-Martínez, Víctor Sánchez-Cordero, L. Gerardo Herrera M., María F. López, and Enrico A. Ruiz. "Diverging Genetic Structure of Coexisting Populations of the Black Storm-Petrel and the Least Storm-Petrel in the Gulf of California." Tropical Conservation Science 13 (January 2020): 194008292094917. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1940082920949177.

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Estimations on the influence of evolutionary and ecological forces as drivers of population gene diversity and genetic structure have been performed on a growing number of colonial seabirds, but many remain poorly studied. In particular, the population genetic structure of storm-petrels (Hydrobatidae) has been evaluated in only a few of the 24 recognized species. We assessed the genetic diversity and population structure of the Black Storm-Petrel ( Hydrobates melania) and the Least Storm-Petrel ( Hydrobates microsoma) in the Gulf of California. The two species were selected because they are pelagic seabirds with comparable ecological traits and breeding grounds. Recent threats such as introduced species of predators and human disturbance have resulted in a decline of many insular vertebrate populations in this region and affected many different aspects of their life histories (ranging from reproductive success to mate selection), with a concomitant loss of genetic diversity. To elucidate to what extent the population genetic structure occurs in H. melania and H. microsoma, we used 719 base pairs from the mitochondrial cytochrome oxidase c subunit I gene. The evaluation of their molecular diversity, genetic structure, and gene flow were performed through diversity indices, analyses of molecular and spatial variance, and isolation by distance (IBD) across sampling sites, respectively. The population genetic structure (via AMOVA and SAMOVA) and isolation by distance (pairwise p-distances and FST/1– FST (using ΦST) were inferred for H. microsoma. However, for H. melania evidence was inconclusive. We discuss explanations leading to divergent population genetic structure signatures in these species, and the consequences for their conservation.

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MADEIROS, JEREMY, NICHOLAS CARLILE, and DAVID PRIDDEL. "Breeding biology and population increase of the Endangered Bermuda Petrel Pterodroma cahow." Bird Conservation International 22, no. 1 (February 6, 2012): 35–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0959270911000396.

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SummaryThe Bermuda Petrel Pterodroma cahow was thought to have become extinct early in the 17th century due to a combination of hunting by human colonists and predation by introduced rats, cats, dogs and pigs. However, single individuals were found on four occasions during the first half of the 20th century, and in 1951 a small population was discovered breeding on several rocky islets in north-east Bermuda. Recovery actions began in 1962 when the population numbered just 18 pairs, dispersed among five small islets. Although rats extirpated one of these five colonies in 1967, the population has grown steadily to 56 breeding pairs in 2000. We investigated the breeding phenology, productivity and population size of the Bermuda Petrel between 2000/2001 and 2007/2008. Each year, the birds began arriving in Bermuda around mid-October. They departed on a pre-breeding exodus between 19 November and 14 December, returning after 32–56 days to lay a single egg between 31 December and 31 January. Eggs hatched from 16 February to 26 March after a mean (± SD) incubation period of 53 ± 2 days, and young fledged from 15 May to 25 June after a mean fledging period of 91 ± 5 days. Between 2000/2001 and 2007/2008, reproductive output ranged from 29 to 40 fledglings per annum. Mean annual breeding success (62%) was reasonably high relative to other Procellariiformes, largely due to the provision of artificial (concrete) nesting burrows. In 2008, the population numbered 85 breeding pairs. Monitoring since 1961 indicates the population has been increasing exponentially, doubling approximately every 22 years. This rate of increase, together with the increased incidence of storm damage, is making it progressively more impracticable to construct sufficient concrete burrows on the current nesting islets to accommodate all breeding pairs. The vulnerability of these sites to accelerating storm damage and erosion as a result of anthropomorphic climate change is now the greatest threat to the Bermuda Petrel.

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Snow, D. W., and B. K. Snow. "THE BREEDING SEASON OF THE MADEIRAN STORM PETREL OCEANODROMA CASTRO IN THE GALAPAGOS." Ibis 108, no. 2 (June 28, 2008): 283–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1474-919x.1966.tb07273.x.

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MERINO, SANTIAGO, and EDUARDO MÍNGUEZ. "Absence of haematozoa in a breeding colony of the Storm Petrel Hydrobates pelagicus." Ibis 140, no. 1 (June 28, 2008): 180–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1474-919x.1998.tb04560.x.

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García-Olaechea, Diego Alonso, César Lauraro Chávez-Villavicencio, and Jorge Juan Novoa-Cova. "A new breeding colony of the Wedge-rumped Storm-Petrel (Hydrobates tethys kelsalli, Lowe 1925) on Foca Island, extreme Northwestern Peru." Revista Peruana de Biología 27, no. 2 (May 24, 2020): 225–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.15381/rpb.v27i2.15497.

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Breeding colonies of Storm-petrels (family Hydrobatidae) are poorly known and can be difficult to find because they typically nest on islands in crevices and burrows inside caves. In the past decade, some breeding locations of the Wedge-rumped Storm-petrel (Hydrobates tethys kelsalli) have been reported on islands off central Peru and northern Chile. Here we report the northernmost breeding colony of this subspecies from Isla Foca, northern of Peru. In April 2006 we found 28 nests, of which 46% had chicks and 54% had eggs. Nests consisted of small holes in the rock with no nest material used for construction. Nesting season coincided with that of other reproductive zones found on the Peruvian coast. These results contribute to the knowledge of the distribution of reproductive colonies of this subspecies on the Peruvian coast.

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Power, Dennis M., and David G. Ainley. "Seabird Geographic Variation: Similarity Among Populations of Leach's Storm-Petrel." Auk 103, no. 3 (July 1, 1986): 575–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/auk/103.3.575.

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Abstract We assessed geographic variation in 13 locality samples of Leach's Storm-Petrel (Oceanodroma leucorhoa), 12 from the Pacific coast and 1 from the Atlantic coast of North America. Nine phenetic characters were used with canonical variates analysis to determine similarity among samples. Regression of phenetic distance on geographic distance measured the relation between similarity and interisland distance. We found a clinal pattern of population similarity from the Aleutian Islands in the north to the Farallon Islands in the south. Populations from Los Coronados and San Benitos islands make up a distinct subset when rump color and wing and tail shape indices are included in the analysis, but these populations were part of a dominant clinal trend when only five size characters were used. On Guadalupe Island separate populations breed in summer and winter; these are strongly differentiated from the others and from each other. The North Atlantic sample was aligned closely with that from the Aleutians. The degree of geographic variation was roughly similar to that in certain migratory land birds on the North American continent, but is less than what is found for certain nonmigratory land birds on islands. Our results suggest recognizing four subspecies of Leach's Storm-Petrel in the study area, including two on Guadalupe Island isolated by time of breeding.

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Carter, Harry R., William R. McIver, Gerard J. McChesney, Darrell L. Whitworth, and John R. Gilardi. "Status of Ashy Storm-Petrel Breeding Colonies at Santa Cruz Island, California, 1912–1998." Western North American Naturalist 78, no. 3 (November 2018): 404–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.3398/064.078.0312.

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SATO, Fumio. "New breeding place of Leach's Storm Petrel (Oceanodroma leucorhoa) in Iwate Prefecture." Bulletin of the Japanese Bird Banding Association 4, no. 1 (1989): 1. http://dx.doi.org/10.14491/jbba.ar033.

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Quillfeldt, Petra. "Variation in breeding success in Wilson's storm petrels: influence of environmental factors." Antarctic Science 13, no. 4 (December 2001): 400–409. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0954102001000566.

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The climatic and sea ice conditions of the Southern Ocean are highly variable within and between years, and a better understanding of the influence of climatic conditions on the various parts of the marine food chain is needed. This paper summarizes data on breeding success of a krill-dependent predator, the Wilson's storm petrel Oceanites oceanicus, in a colony on King George Island, South Shetland Islands, Antarctica, over four breeding seasons from 1995/1996 to 1999/2000. The seasons differed greatly in environmental conditions and in the resulting food availability which was reflected in inter- and intra-annual variations in feeding frequency. The breeding success was consequently variable. Starvation, the main cause of chick mortality in three out of four breeding seasons was associated with reduced sea ice cover in winter, which is known to depress food availability in the following breeding season. Food delivery rates also depended on the prevailing winds, which drive the transport of zooplankton-rich water masses. Snowstorms caused additional chick mortality in two out of four seasons when nest burrows became blocked. Implications for the use of Wilson's storm petrels for monitoring of krill are considered.

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TORRES-MURA, JUAN C., and MARINA L. LEMUS. "Breeding of Markham's Storm-Petrel (Oceanodroma markhami, Aves: Hydrobatidae) in the desert of northern Chile." Revista chilena de historia natural 86, no. 4 (December 2013): 497–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.4067/s0716-078x2013000400013.

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Campos, Ana R., José P. Granadeiro, and Jose P. Granadeiro. "Breeding Biology of the White-Faced Storm-Petrel on Selvagem Grande Island, North-East Atlantic." Waterbirds: The International Journal of Waterbird Biology 22, no. 2 (1999): 199. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/1522208.

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Barros, Rodrigo, Fernando Medrano, Rodrigo Silva, and Felipe de Groote. "First Breeding Site Record of Hornby's Storm Petrel Oceanodroma hornbyi in the Atacama Desert, Chile." Ardea 106, no. 2 (October 1, 2018): 203. http://dx.doi.org/10.5253/arde.v106i2.a2.

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Paiva, V. H., J. A. Ramos, C. Nava, V. Neves, J. Bried, and M. Magalhães. "Inter-sexual habitat and isotopic niche segregation of the endangered Monteiro’s storm-petrel during breeding." Zoology 126 (February 2018): 29–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.zool.2017.12.006.

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Orben, Rachael A., Abram B. Fleishman, Abraham L. Borker, William Bridgeland, Amanda J. Gladics, Jessica Porquez, Peter Sanzenbacher, et al. "Comparing imaging, acoustics, and radar to monitor Leach’s storm-petrel colonies." PeerJ 7 (April 30, 2019): e6721. http://dx.doi.org/10.7717/peerj.6721.

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Seabirds are integral components of marine ecosystems and, with many populations globally threatened, there is a critical need for effective and scalable seabird monitoring strategies. Many seabird species nest in burrows, which can make traditional monitoring methods costly, infeasible, or damaging to nesting habitats. Traditional burrow occupancy surveys, where possible, can occur infrequently and therefore lead to an incomplete understanding of population trends. For example, in Oregon, during the last three decades there have been large changes in the abundance of Leach’s storm-petrels (Hydrobates leucorhoa), which included drastic declines at some colonies. Unfortunately, traditional monitoring failed to capture the timing and magnitude of change, limiting managers’ ability to determine causes of the decline and curtailing management options. New, easily repeatable methods of quantifying relative abundance are needed. For this study, we tested three methods of remote monitoring: passive acoustic monitoring, time-lapse cameras, and radar. Abundance indices derived from acoustics and imagery: call rates, acoustic energy, and counts were significantly related to traditional estimates of burrow occupancy of Leach’s storm-petrels. Due to sampling limitations, we were unable to compare radar to burrow occupancy. Image counts were significantly correlated with all other indices, including radar, while indices derived from acoustics and radar were not correlated. Acoustic data likely reflect different aspects of the population and hold the potential for the further development of indices to disentangle phenology, attendance of breeding birds, and reproductive success. We found that image counts are comparable with standard methods (e.g., radar) in producing annual abundance indices. We recommend that managers consider a sampling scheme that incorporates both acoustics and imaging, but for sites inaccessible to humans, radar remains the sole option. Implementation of acoustic and camera based monitoring programs will provide much needed information for a vulnerable group of seabirds.

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Bond, Alexander L., and Keith A. Hobson. "Relaying propensity and characteristics of replacement clutches of Leach’s Storm-Petrels (Oceanodroma leucorhoa)." Canadian Journal of Zoology 93, no. 3 (March 2015): 181–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/cjz-2014-0110.

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Animals with low fecundity, such as seabirds, invest heavily into one or a few eggs per breeding attempt. The loss of these eggs can mean that individuals abandon breeding or invest in a replacement clutch. However, the ability of females to replace clutches may be costly and so replacement clutches may be delayed and they may differ in nutrient content. Replacement clutches are rarely documented conclusively in storm-petrels, and most avian replacement clutches are smaller and differ in composition from original eggs. We removed eggs from Leach’s Storm-Petrel (Oceanodroma leucorhoa (Vieillot, 1818)) nests on Gull Island, Witless Bay, Newfoundland and Labrador, Canada, and monitored nest sites for replacement clutches. Leach’s Storm-Petrels use locally acquired nutrients to lay a single egg that weighs 20% of a female’s body mass. Nearly 70% of pairs (17/26) produced a replacement egg after 22 days and two pairs produced a third egg after a further 21 days. Replacement eggs were nearly identical to original clutches, except for small decreases in length (2%) and volume (3%). We found that Leach’s Storm-Petrels were able to acquire sufficient nutrients to produce a second (and in two cases, a third) egg, likely from endogenous nutrients, but delays of 3–6 weeks in breeding may have detrimental effects on fledging success and offspring survival.

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Gladbach, Anja, Rona A. R. McGill, and Petra Quillfeldt. "Foraging areas of Wilson’s storm-petrel Oceanites oceanicus in the breeding and inter-breeding period determined by stable isotope analysis." Polar Biology 30, no. 8 (March 13, 2007): 1005–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00300-007-0258-2.

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Barros, Rodrigo, Fernando Medrano, Heraldo V. Norambuena, Ronny Peredo, Rodrigo Silva, Felipe de Groote, and Fabrice Schmitt. "Breeding Phenology, Distribution and Conservation Status of Markham's Storm-Petrel Oceanodroma markhami in the Atacama Desert." Ardea 107, no. 1 (May 8, 2019): 75. http://dx.doi.org/10.5253/arde.v107i1.a1.

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Michielsen, Rosanne J., Anne N. M. A. Ausems, Dariusz Jakubas, Michał Pętlicki, Joanna Plenzler, Judy Shamoun-Baranes, and Katarzyna Wojczulanis-Jakubas. "Nest characteristics determine nest microclimate and affect breeding output in an Antarctic seabird, the Wilson’s storm-petrel." PLOS ONE 14, no. 6 (June 13, 2019): e0217708. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0217708.

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Bond, Alexander L., and Antony W. Diamond. "Nutrient allocation for egg production in six Atlantic seabirds." Canadian Journal of Zoology 88, no. 11 (November 2010): 1095–102. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/z10-082.

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How species allocate nutrients to egg production is an important question in contaminant analyses. Seabird eggs are sampled frequently in such studies, so it is important to know the source of nutrients in these eggs if the source of the contaminants is to be traced. We used a stable-isotope approach to evaluate the relative importance of locally derived nutrients (income breeding) and stored nutrient reserves (capital breeding) in six species of Atlantic seabirds (Arctic Tern, Sterna paradisaea Pontoppidan, 1763; Common Tern, Sterna hirundo L., 1758; Atlantic Puffin, Fratercula arctica (L., 1758); Common Murre, Uria aalge (Pontoppidan, 1763); Razorbill, Alca torda L., 1758; Leach’s Storm-Petrel, Oceanodroma leucorhoa (Vieillot, 1818)) breeding in the Bay of Fundy. We found that all species either were income breeders or adopted an intermediate strategy whereby varying proportions of locally derived nutrients were incorporated into eggs. Each species’ migratory behaviour is likely a main factor in determining the amount of endogenous nutrients used in egg formation.

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SENZAKI, MASAYUKI, AKIRA TERUI, NAOKI TOMITA, FUMIO SATO, YOSHIHIRO FUKUDA, YOSHIHIRO KATAOKA, and YUTAKA WATANUKI. "Long-term declines in common breeding seabirds in Japan." Bird Conservation International 30, no. 3 (August 28, 2019): 434–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0959270919000352.

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SummaryGlobal seabird populations are in decline, with nearly half of all seabird species currently in an extinction crisis. Understanding long-term seabird population trends is an essential first step to inform conservation actions. In this study, we assembled historical breeding records of seabirds throughout the Japanese archipelago and quantified the long-term population trends of 10 major breeding seabird species using a hierarchical Bayesian state-space model. The model revealed that six species had increasing or no detectable trends (Short-tailed Albatross Phoebastria albatrus, Leach’s Storm Petrel Oceanodroma leucorhoa, Pelagic Cormorant Phalacrocorax pelagicus, Japanese Cormorant Phalacrocorax capillatus, Spectacled Guillemot Cepphus carbo, and Rhinoceros Auklet Cerorhinca monocerata). However, decreasing trends were found not only in nationally threatened species (Common Murre Uria aalge, and Tufted Puffin Fratercula cirrhata) but also common species that are often described as abundant (Black-tailed Gull Larus crassirostris and Slaty-backed Gull Larus schistisagus). These declining species have declined to 3–35% of baseline levels over the past 30 years. This study provides the first evidence of long-term declines in common and widespread seabirds in Japan.

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Monteiro, L. R., and R. W. Furness. "Speciation through temporal segregation of Madeiran storm petrel ( Oceanodroma castro ) populations in the Azores?" Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society of London. Series B: Biological Sciences 353, no. 1371 (June 29, 1998): 945–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rstb.1998.0259.

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Madeiran storm petrels Oceanodroma castro breed on three small islets in the Azores: Vila, off Santa Maria, and Praia and Baixo, off Graciosa. Analysis of data on brood patch, incubation periods, chick body size and recaptures of adults provides evidence of the existence of two distinct populations (hot– and cool–season) breeding annually on Baixo and Praia, out of phase by four to five months and overlapping in colony attendance during August and early September; on Vila only the cool–season population is present. Analyses of adult morphology indicate highly significant phenotypic differentiation between the sympatric hot– and cool–season breeders, whereas an almost complete phenotypic uniformity characterizes allopatric breeders within the same season. The hot–season birds are 10% smaller in egg and body mass but have longer wings and tails than cool–season birds. The two groups were readily separated by discriminant analysis. The preference to breed in the cooler season is interpreted as a consequence of greater food availability in that period. Morphological differentiation between seasonal populations is interpreted as an adaptative response to different environmental conditions in the two seasons. The hypothesis is given that the hot–season population has evolved from the cool–season population owing to density–dependent constraints on crowded colonies, forcing birds to time–share nest sites. These populations may represent a case of sympatric speciation through temporal partitioning of reproduction and may be better treated as sibling species.

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Ström, Kåre, and Aimon Niklasson. "European Storm Petrels Hydrobates pelagicus visiting the Swedish west coast; results from a ringing study 1988–2012." Ornis Svecica 24, no. 1–2 (January 1, 2014): 12–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.34080/os.v24.22561.

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The results of a 25 year study of the Storm Petrel Hydrobates pelagicus on the Swedish west coast are described. The first bird was captured on 29 August 1988 (Orust in Bohuslän). A total of 72 Storm Petrels were captured between 1988 and 2012 (64 in Bohuslän and 8 in Halland). Sixty-eight of these were ringed by us and 4 were ringed abroad. Thirteen Storm Petrels (~18%) were captured twice or thrice: 4 re-traps by us (ringed abroad, 3 in Norway, 1 in Britain), 2 own re-traps and 6 recaptured abroad (2 in Britain and 4 in Norway; one own ringed bird recaptured twice). Three additional birds were spontaneously captured in other studies in southern Sweden during the same period. Mean body mass (SD) was 25.5 (1.9) g, and wing length was 123.1 (2.6) mm. A concentration of birds during the turn of the millennium may be related to periods of upwelling. Still no birds have been found breeding in Sweden. Comments are made regarding the first description by Linnaeus.

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Underwood, Megan, and Ashley Bunce. "The breeding biology of the White-faced Storm Petrel (Pelagodroma marina) on Mud Islands, Port Phillip Bay, Victoria." Emu - Austral Ornithology 104, no. 3 (September 2004): 213–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/mu03029.

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SATO, Fumio. "Banding research on Habomaimoshiri Island: New breeding place of Leach's Storm Petrel Oceanodroma leucorhoa in Hokkaido." Bulletin of the Japanese Bird Banding Association 3, no. 1 (1988): 20–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.14491/jbba.ar021.

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Whittington, Philip A., Bruce M. Dyer, Robert J. M. Crawford, and Anthony J. Williams. "First recorded breeding of Leach's Storm Petrel Oceanodroma leucorhoa in the Southern Hemisphere, at Dyer Island, South Africa." Ibis 141, no. 2 (June 28, 2008): 327–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1474-919x.1999.tb07555.x.

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Kim, Heung-Chul, Jong-Gil Park, Young-Soo Kwon, Miran Kim, Chang-Uk Park, Seok-Min Yun, Sung-Tae Chon, Myung-Soon Kim, Terry A. Klein, and Richard George Robbins. "Ticks collected from soil/nest litter and live and dead nestlings of migratory seabirds during their breeding season at six uninhabited Islands, Republic of Korea during 2009 and 2014–2017." Systematic and Applied Acarology 23, no. 8 (July 27, 2018): 1519. http://dx.doi.org/10.11158/saa.23.8.3.

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The 65th Medical Brigade (MED BDE)/Medical Department Activity-Korea (MEDDAC-K), in collaboration with the Migratory Birds Research Center, National Park Research Institute, conducted migratory bird tick-borne disease surveillance at six small, remote, uninhabited islands near the western (Nan Island), southwestern (Chilbal, Gugul, Gaerin, Hong, and Sogugul islands) and southeastern (Hong Island) coastal areas of the Republic of Korea (ROK) during 2009 and from 2014–2017. Ticks were collected from nest soil/litter of the Ancient Murrelet (Synthliboramphus antiquus), Japanese Murrelet (Synthliboramphus wumizusume), Swinhoe’s Storm Petrel (Hydrobates monorhis), Black-tailed Gull (Larus crassirostris), Pacific Swift (Apus pacificus), and Streaked Shearwater (Calonectris leucomelas) using Tullgren funnels. Ticks also were collected from recently dead nestlings of Swinhoe’s Storm Petrel and Black-tailed Gull at Gugul, Sogugul, Gaerin, Nan, and Hong islands, and single ticks were collected from vegetation (tick drag) and a human bitten on Chilbal Island. A total of 1,578 ticks (61 females, 122 males, 290 nymphs, and 1,105 larvae), belonging to four genera and six species, were collected. Ornithodoros capensis (73.00%; 1,152) was the most commonly collected tick on migratory seabirds, followed by Ornithodoros sawaii (26.55%; 420), Ixodes uriae (0.19%; 3), and Ixodes signatus (0.13%, 2). One (0.06%) Haemaphysalis flava was collected by tick drag and one (0.06%) Amblyomma testudinarium was collected while biting one of the survey members. Ornithodoros species were identified morphologically and confirmed using polymerase chain reaction (PCR) techniques. This is the first record of O. sawaii collected from nest soil/litter during the 2017 nesting season of the Pacific Swift and Streaked Shearwater in the ROK.

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Robert, Alexandre, Mark Bolton, Frédéric Jiguet, and Joël Bried. "The survival–reproduction association becomes stronger when conditions are good." Proceedings of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences 282, no. 1818 (November 7, 2015): 20151529. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rspb.2015.1529.

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Positive covariations between survival and reproductive performance (S–R covariation) are generally interpreted in the context of fixed or dynamic demographic heterogeneity (i.e. persistent differences between individuals, or dynamic variation in resource acquisition), but the processes underlying covariations are still unknown. We used multi-event modelling to investigate how environmental and individual features influence S–R covariation patterns in a long-lived seabird, the Monteiro's storm petrel ( Oceanodroma monteiroi ). Our analysis reveals that a strong positive association between individual breeding success and subsequent survival occurs only when conditions are favourable to reproduction (in favourable years, in high-quality nests and in nest-faithful breeders). This finding reflects differences in the main causes of breeding failure and mortality under favourable and unfavourable conditions, which in turn lead to distinct patterns of S–R covariation. We suggest, in particular, that resource-related sources of demographic heterogeneity do not generate a strong S–R covariation, in contrast with hidden and unpredictable sources of variation.

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Ramírez, Francisco, Isabel Afán, Giacomo Tavecchia, Ignacio A. Catalán, Daniel Oro, and Ana Sanz-Aguilar. "Oceanographic drivers and mistiming processes shape breeding success in a seabird." Proceedings of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences 283, no. 1826 (March 16, 2016): 20152287. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rspb.2015.2287.

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Understanding the processes driving seabirds' reproductive performance through trophic interactions requires the identification of seasonal pulses in marine productivity. We investigated the sequence of environmental and biological processes driving the reproductive phenology and performance of the storm petrel ( Hydrobates pelagicus ) in the Western Mediterranean. The enhanced light and nutrient availability at the onset of water stratification (late winter/early spring) resulted in annual consecutive peaks in relative abundance of phytoplankton, zooplankton and ichthyoplankton. The high energy-demanding period of egg production and chick rearing coincided with these successive pulses in food availability, pointing to a phenological adjustment to such seasonal patterns with important fitness consequences. Indeed, delayed reproduction with respect to the onset of water stratification resulted in both hatching and breeding failure. This pattern was observed at the population level, but also when confounding factors such as individuals' age or experience were also accounted for. We provide the first evidence of oceanographic drivers leading to the optimal time-window for reproduction in an inshore seabird at southern European latitudes, along with a suitable framework for assessing the impact of environmentally driven changes in marine productivity patterns in seabird performance.

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Antaky, Carmen C., Emily E. Conklin, Robert J. Toonen, Ingrid S. S. Knapp, and Melissa R. Price. "Unexpectedly high genetic diversity in a rare and endangered seabird in the Hawaiian Archipelago." PeerJ 8 (February 6, 2020): e8463. http://dx.doi.org/10.7717/peerj.8463.

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Seabirds in the order of Procellariiformes have one of the highest proportions of threatened species of any avian order. Species undergoing recovery may be predicted to have a genetic signature of a bottleneck, low genetic diversity, or higher rates of inbreeding. The Hawaiian Band-rumped Storm Petrel (‘Akē‘akē; Hydrobates castro), a long-lived philopatric seabird, suffered massive population declines resulting in its listing under the Endangered Species Act in 2016 as federally Endangered. We used high-throughput sequencing to assess patterns of genetic diversity and potential for inbreeding in remaining populations in the Hawaiian Islands. We compared a total of 24 individuals, including both historical and modern samples, collected from breeding colonies or downed individuals found on the islands of Kaua‘i, O‘ahu, Maui, and the Big Island of Hawai‘i. Genetic analyses revealed little differentiation between breeding colonies on Kaua‘i and the Big Island colonies. Although small sample sizes limit inferences regarding other island colonies, downed individuals from O‘ahu and Maui did not assign to known breeding colonies, suggesting the existence of an additional distinct breeding population. The maintenance of genetic diversity in future generations is an important consideration for conservation management. This study provides a baseline of population structure for the remaining nesting colonies that could inform potential translocations of the Endangered H. castro.

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Bedolla-Guzmán, Y., JF Masello, A. Aguirre-Muñoz, BE Lavaniegos, CC Voigt, J. Gómez-Gutiérrez, L. Sánchez-Velasco, CJ Robinson, and P. Quillfeldt. "Year-round niche segregation of three sympatric Hydrobates storm-petrels from Baja California Peninsula, Mexico, Eastern Pacific." Marine Ecology Progress Series 664 (April 15, 2021): 207–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.3354/meps13645.

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Ecologically similar species partition their use of resources and habitats and thus coexist due to ecological segregation in space, time, or diet. In seabirds, this segregation may differ over the annual cycle or vary inter-annually. We evaluated niche segregation in 3 sympatric storm-petrel species (Hydrobates melania, H. leucorhous, and H. microsoma) from the San Benito Islands, Mexico, during 2012 and 2013. We used diet samples and carbon (δ13C) and nitrogen (δ15N) isotopic values obtained from egg membranes, blood, feathers, and prey. We used krill samples to delineate marine δ13C and δ15N isoscapes for the Baja California Peninsula. During the breeding season, storm-petrels segregated regarding diet composition, stable isotope values, and isotopic niches. H. melania consumed higher trophic-position prey from neritic waters, while H. leucorhous and H. microsoma foraged on lower-trophic position prey from oceanic waters. Isotopic niches among species did not overlap in 2013, whereas those of H. microsoma and H. leucorhous overlapped in 2012. The feeding strategies of H. melania varied among breeding phases, and adults consumed different prey items from different areas compared to those of their offspring. H. microsoma adults and their chicks consumed the same prey items but from different habitats. During the non-breeding period, niche segregation between species persisted, except for H. microsoma and H. leucorhous during the molt of primary (P1) and undertail cover feathers. These 3 sympatric species coexist through niche segregation based on prey items and foraging areas that vary seasonally and year-round, probably due to changes in oceanographic conditions and the distribution and availability of prey.

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Robert, Alexandre, Vítor H. Paiva, Mark Bolton, Frédéric Jiguet, and Joël Bried. "Nest fidelity is driven by multi-scale information in a long-lived seabird." Proceedings of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences 281, no. 1793 (October 22, 2014): 20141692. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rspb.2014.1692.

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Although the reproductive success of most organisms depends on factors acting at several spatial scales, little is known about how organisms are able to synthesize multi-scale information to optimize reproduction. Using longitudinal data from a long-lived seabird, Monteiro's storm-petrel, we show that average breeding success is strongly related to oceanic conditions at the population level, and we postulate that (i) individuals use proximal information (their own reproduction outcome in year t ) to assess the qualities of their mate and nest and to decide to retain them or not in year t + 1; (ii) the intensity of these responses depends on the quality of the oceanic environment in year t , which affects the predictability of reproduction outcome in year t + 1. Our results confirm that mate and nest fidelities are higher following successful reproduction and that the relationship between the success of a given pair and subsequent nest fidelity is stronger in years with unfavourable oceanic conditions, suggesting that individuals rely on distant information to modulate their use of proximal information and adjust their breeding strategy.

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Ramadan-Jaradi, Ghassan. "Annotated Checklist of the Marine and Coastal Birds of Lebanon." Lebanese Science Journal 21, no. 1 (June 27, 2020): 37–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.22453/lsj-021.1.037-053.

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The study of marine and coastal birds in the Lebanon recorded 75speciesalong the shore line of Lebanon and for a distance of 7 kms offshore.Of those species,35 are seabirdspecies, 38 marine or seawater/freshwater coastal birds, and 2waterbird specieswintering on the archipelagoes of Mina/Tripoli in North Lebanon (Grey Heron and Little Egret)with apparently much affinity to seawater in the winter season. This study highlighted 3 globally threatened species (Leach’s Storm Petrel Hydrobates leucorhoa [Vulnerable], Mediterranean Yelkouan Shearwater Puffinus yelkouan [Vulnerable], and Dalmatian Pelican Pelecanus crispus [Vulnerable]), underlined7 globally Near Threatened avian species, pointed out to 3 species that may be submitted for reconsideration bythe “Lebanon Bird Record Committee” (LBRC) at LCNRS;and updated the data of 9species of high significance from the past studies, of which, 2 species are upgraded from vagrants to winter visitors/passage migrants, one to passage migrant and one to wintervisitor..Regarding the final phenological statusesof species, one is resident breeding, one is summer breeding, 3 are formerly bred, one extirpated (extinct) from Lebanon 31are passage migrant/winter visitors, 25passage migrantsonly, 2winter visitors and 14vagrant species.

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Barbraud, C., J. Vasseur, and K. Delord. "Using distance sampling and occupancy rate to estimate abundance of breeding pairs of Wilson’s Storm Petrel (Oceanites oceanicus) in Antarctica." Polar Biology 41, no. 2 (August 3, 2017): 313–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00300-017-2192-2.

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De Pascalis, F., D. Pala, D. Pisu, J. Morinay, A. Benvenuti, C. Spano, A. Ruiu, L. Serra, D. Rubolini, and JG Cecere. "Searching on the edge: dynamic oceanographic features increase foraging opportunities in a small pelagic seabird." Marine Ecology Progress Series 668 (June 24, 2021): 121–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.3354/meps13726.

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Ocean mesoscale and submesoscale features, such as eddies and filaments, play a key role in the foraging ecology of marine predators, by concentrating nutrients and acting as aggregative structures for pelagic organisms. Highly pelagic seabirds may exploit these features to find profitable food patches in a dynamic and complex 3-dimensional spatial environment. Using miniaturized GPS loggers, we investigated whether foraging habitat selection of the Mediterranean storm petrel Hydrobates pelagicus melitensis, one of the smallest (ca. 28 g) seabirds worldwide, was affected by different static and dynamic oceanographic features during the breeding period. Individuals performed long foraging trips (up to 1113 km) in a relatively short time (1 to 2 d), covering large home ranges (up to 34370 km2), particularly during incubation. Different oceanographic features affected the at-sea distribution of storm petrels at different spatio-temporal scales. During incubation, individuals selected areas characterized by shallow waters and strong currents, conditions that may enhance vertical water mixing and increase food availability. During chick-rearing, they foraged closer to the colony, selecting shallow and productive areas, where increasing Lagrangian coherent structures and eddy kinetic energy enhanced foraging probability. These features could play an important role in storm petrels’ foraging habitat selection, especially during chick-rearing, given their need to find predictable food patches in a short timespan. Overall, our results suggest that marine circulation processes are key drivers of the at-sea distribution of this small pelagic surface predator.

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Hedd, A., and WA Montevecchi. "Diet and trophic position of Leachs storm-petrel Oceanodroma leucorhoa during breeding and moult, inferred from stable isotope analysis of feathers." Marine Ecology Progress Series 322 (September 20, 2006): 291–301. http://dx.doi.org/10.3354/meps322291.

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Rail, Jean-François, and Richard Cotter. "Seventeenth census of seabird populations in the sanctuaries of the North Shore of the Gulf of St. Lawrence, 2010." Canadian Field-Naturalist 129, no. 2 (August 4, 2015): 152. http://dx.doi.org/10.22621/cfn.v129i2.1695.

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Seabirds in the 10 migratory bird sanctuaries of the North Shore of the Gulf of St. Lawrence, Quebec, Canada, which were created in 1925, have been censused regularly for the last 85 years. The sanctuaries support 16 seabird species, many of which are found in significant numbers. From 2005 to 2010, some notable population changes were observed: large increases in Common Murres (Uria aalge), Razorbills (Alca torda), and two species of cormorants and continuing declines in Black-legged Kittiwakes (Rissa tridactyla) and Atlantic Puffins (Fratercula arctica). The status of Leach’s Storm-Petrel (Oceanodroma leucorhoa) and Caspian Tern (Hydroprogne caspia) is extremely precarious because of their small breeding populations. Between 2005 and 2010, seabird numbers in the sanctuaries increased 19% overall and were stable in most sanctuaries (≤ 15% change); however, notable increases were observed at Îles Sainte-Marie (60%), Baie des Loups (47%), and Île à la Brume (44%). Nonetheless, considering historical records, increased surveillance and raising of awareness of seabird conservation in local communities near the sanctuaries of Île à la Brume, Baie des Loups, and Saint-Augustin would be most beneficial.

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FISCHER, JOHANNES H., IGOR DEBSKI, GRAEME A. TAYLOR, and HEIKO U. WITTMER. "Nest site selection of South Georgia Diving-petrels Pelecanoides georgicus on Codfish Island, New Zealand: implications for conservation management." Bird Conservation International 28, no. 2 (March 2, 2017): 216–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0959270917000041.

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SummarySmall seabird species are often threatened by predation from invasive species at their breeding colonies and considerable efforts are invested into mitigating this threat. However, invasive predators may not be the only onshore threat affecting small seabird species. The South Georgia Diving-petrel Pelecanoides georgicus (SGDP) is a small seabird species, considered ‘Nationally Critical’ in New Zealand. Our objective was to identify terrestrial threats to the species at their sole remaining breeding colony in New Zealand, Codfish Island (Whenua Hou), following the successful eradication of invasive predators. To achieve our objective, we assessed the influence of five physical, three competition/attraction and three plant variables on SGDP nest site selection with generalised linear models (GLMs) and compared models using an information theoretic approach. Models including the distance to sea, slope, aspect, and sand flux outperformed other models and showed selection for steep seaward-facing foredunes with mobile soils. No invasive plant and competition/attraction variables were included in the best performing models. These results suggest that, due to the proximity of their preferred nesting habitat to the springtide line and the overall fragility of the foredunes, SGDPs on Codfish Island are extremely vulnerable to stochastic events and catastrophes, such as storms and storm surges. Eradication efforts directed at invasive predators on Codfish Island appear thus insufficient to safeguard this SGDP colony, necessitating further conservation strategies to secure the continued survival of this population.

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Bolton, Mark, Renata Medeiros, Becky Hothersall, and Ana Campos. "The use of artificial breeding chambers as a conservation measure for cavity-nesting procellariiform seabirds: a case study of the Madeiran storm petrel (Oceanodroma castro)." Biological Conservation 116, no. 1 (March 2004): 73–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0006-3207(03)00178-2.

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Silva, Mónica C., Rafael Matias, Vânia Ferreira, Paulo Catry, and José P. Granadeiro. "Searching for a breeding population of Swinhoe’s Storm-petrel at Selvagem Grande, NE Atlantic, with a molecular characterization of occurring birds and relationships within the Hydrobatinae." Journal of Ornithology 157, no. 1 (June 24, 2015): 117–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10336-015-1257-7.

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Rail, Jean-François, and Richard Cotter. "Sixteenth Census of Seabird Populations in the Sanctuaries of the North Shore of the Gulf of St. Lawrence, 2005." Canadian Field-Naturalist 121, no. 3 (July 1, 2007): 287. http://dx.doi.org/10.22621/cfn.v121i3.476.

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The Migratory Bird Sanctuaries of the North Shore of the Gulf of St. Lawrence are important breeding grounds for many seabird species. The quinquennial censuses of seabirds in these sanctuaries have been carried out for 80 years (since 1925), in order to detect changes in the distribution and population levels of seabirds breeding on the North Shore. Between 1998-1999 and 2005, the most striking trends observed were the near doubling in numbers of Common Eiders in most sanctuaries, and the strong population growth rate of Razorbill. Unexplainable declines of Common Murre and Atlantic Puffin were observed at some of the larger colonies of these species. The last active colonies of Leach’s Storm-Petrel (Corossol Island) and Caspian Tern (Île à la Brume) on the North Shore seem on the verge of disappearing, with zero and three birds observed in 2005, respectively. Seabird populations in the larger, more accessible and disturbed sanctuaries are still markedly smaller than in historical times.Les refuges d’oiseaux migrateurs de la Côte-Nord du Golfe du Saint-Laurent constituent d’importants sites de nidification pour plusieurs espèces d’oiseaux marins. Des inventaires quinquennaux des oiseaux marins dans ces refuges sont effectués depuis 80 ans (depuis 1925), pour détecter les changements dans la répartition et les niveaux de population des oiseaux marins nichant sur la Côte-Nord. Entre 1998-99 et 2005, les tendances les plus marquantes étaient chez l’Eider à duvet, dont les effectifs ont pratiquement doublé dans la plupart des refuges, et chez le Petit Pingouin, dont les populations ont également connu une croissance rapide. Des déclins énigmatiques chez le Guillemot marmette et le Macareux moine ont été observés à plusieurs des colonies les plus importantes de ces espèces. Les dernières colonies actives d’Océanite cul-blanc (à l’île du Corossol) et de Sterne caspienne (à l’île à la Brume) sur la Côte-Nord semblent sur le point de disparaître, avec respectivement zéro et trois oiseaux observés en 2005. Les populations d’oiseaux marins demeurent à des niveaux bien endeça de ceux rapportés historiquement dans les refuges de grande superficie, davantage accessibles et sujets au dérangement.

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SEMEDO, GILSON, VITOR H. PAIVA, TERESA MILITÃO, ISABEL RODRIGUES, HERCULANO A. DINIS, JORGE PEREIRA, DIANA MATOS, et al. "Distribution, abundance, and on-land threats to Cabo Verde seabirds." Bird Conservation International, August 28, 2020, 1–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0959270920000428.

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Summary Pelagic seabird populations have declined strongly worldwide. In the North Atlantic there was a huge reduction in seabird populations following the European colonization of the Azores, Madeira and Canary archipelagos but information on seabird status and distribution for the subtropical region of Cabo Verde is scarce, unavailable or dispersed in grey literature. We compiled and compared the historical and current distribution of all seabird species breeding in the Cabo Verde archipelago, updated their relative abundance, investigated their inland habitat preferences, and reviewed their threats. Currently, the breeding seabird community in Cabo Verde is composed of Bulwer’s Petrel Bulweria bulwerii, White-faced Storm-petrel Pelagodroma marina aedesorum, Cape Verde Shearwater Calonectris edwardsii, Cape Verde Storm-petrel Hydrobates jabejabe, Cape Verde Petrel Pterodroma feae, Boyd's Shearwater Puffinus lherminieri boydi, Brown Booby Sula leucogaster, and Red-billed Tropicbird Phaethon aethereus. One breeding species is currently extinct, the Magnificent Frigatebird Fregata magnificens. The relative abundance of Cape Verde Shearwater, Boyd’s Shearwater, Cape Verde Petrel, and Cape Verde Storm-petrel was determined from counts of their nocturnal calls in Santo Antão, São Vicente, Santa Luzia, Branco, Raso and São Nicolau. Cape Verde Petrel occurred only on mountainous islands (Santo Antão, São Nicolau, Santiago, and Fogo) from mid-to high elevations. Larger species such as the Cape Verde Shearwater and Boyd’s Shearwater exhibited a wider distribution in the archipelago, occurring close to the coastline but at lower densities on populated islands. Small procellariforms such as the Cape Verde Storm-petrel occurred at high densities only on rat-free islets and in steep areas of main islands where introduced cats and rats are unlikely to occur. The main threats to seabird populations in Cabo Verde range from predation by introduced predators, habitat alteration or destruction, and some residual human persecution.

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Journal articles on the topic 'Storm Petrel breeding habits'

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