Journal articles on the topic 'Stores opening'
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Kim, Hyun-Ah, Jin-Hyeong Suh, Young-Sin Cho, and Chun-Han Cho. "Finding Competitive Franchise Stores in the Food Service Industry and Store Mix." Foodservice Management Society of Korea 25, no. 4 (August 31, 2022): 105–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.47584/jfm.2022.25.4.105.
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The restaurant industry continues to grow with the spread of the dining culture and the rapidly changing trend, but the survival rate of individual stores is decreasing. In particular, in recent years, the development of a complex type of residential, business, and commercial facilities has become active, but commercial facilities are subject to individual sales, reckless opening due to lease, and high vacancy rates. Accordingly, it is necessary to increase the competitiveness and survival rate of stores in the restaurant industry, and strategies are needed from opening stores to operating and closing stores.
This study aims to select competitive franchise stores in commercial facilities and present an optimized store mix method using commercial facilities in the form of residential and commercial complexes that are recently being developed. Through credit card data, it was analyzed through pre-COVID-19 store sales, and franchise stores that have high sales and can actually pay rent for stores selected as cases were selected by comparing commercial districts similar to those where stores are located. After that, a case study was conducted focusing on finding stable stores by allowing synergy effects between stores to occur through the store mixing method.
Studies have shown that in the current uncertain situation of the external environment, opening a franchise that is stable and profitable is needed to minimize risks rather than trying something new.
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Ding, Weijia, and Liyun Wu. "Research on the Selection of Supply Chain Marketing Models Based on E-commerce Service Levels." Proceedings of Business and Economic Studies 4, no. 4 (August 27, 2021): 197–207. http://dx.doi.org/10.26689/pbes.v4i4.2424.
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Based on the game theory, the service sensitivity coefficient is introduced to construct four marketing game models, which include a single flagship store, a single self-operated store, a direct sales-flagship store, and a direct sales-self-operated store, in combination with numerical analysis methods to analyze manufacturers and e-commerce platforms in different situations. The study found that the service levels affected the profit of each entity in the supply chain. The service levels of self-operated stores were higher than those of the flagship stores, and the opening of direct sales channels had a stimulating effect on the service levels of e-commerce platforms to a certain extent. In consideration of the service levels and the ability to build direct sales channels, the direct sales-flagship store marketing model is the best choice for manufacturers whereas e-commerce platforms are more inclined to open self-operated stores. However, the opening of manufacturers’ direct sales channels is not necessarily beneficial to e-commerce platforms.
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Missiaen, L., J. B. Parys, H. De Smedt, I. Sienaert, R. H. Henning, and R. Casteels. "Opening up Ca2+ stores with lnsP3." Nature 376, no. 6538 (July 1995): 299–300. http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/376299b0.
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Mezna, Mokdad, and Francesco Michelangeli. "Opening up Ca2+ stores with lnsP3." Nature 376, no. 6538 (July 1995): 300–301. http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/376300a0.
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Hirose, Kenzo, and Masamitsu lino. "Opening up Ca2+ stores with lnsP3." Nature 376, no. 6538 (July 1995): 301. http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/376301a0.
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Golovnin, O. K., and A. A. Igonina. "Decision support system for location selection of convenience stores and retail facilities using optimization techniques and GIS." Journal of Physics: Conference Series 2134, no. 1 (December 1, 2021): 012015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/2134/1/012015.
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Abstract The successful spatial location of small convenience stores and retail facilities greatly affects the potential flow of customers, therefore the task of optimizing their location is primary when opening a new store or revising an existing stores’ location. We developed a decision support system for location selection of convenience stores and retail facilities using optimization techniques and a geographic information system. The system identifies areas on an electronic map with the greatest potential to locate a store or retail facility, taking into account its specifics, pedestrian accessibility, opening hours, and a set of goods or services. The system calculates the optimal location of one or several stores using one of the optimization techniques for the criterion of the number of potential customers. In our experiments, we used gradient descent for optimization. The experiments were carried out in areas of various sizes using data obtained from Open Street Map. Experimental results showed that the system finds the optimal location in a reasonable time and therefore it can be useful for small convenience stores and retail facilities.
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Chauhan, Rahul, and Hendra Martha Fauzy. "THE INFLUENCE OF BRAND TRUST IN MEDIATING CONSUMER ONLINE BEHAVIOR AGAINST BUYING INTEREST IN ONLINE STORES (CASE STUDY OF HYPERMART ONLINE SHOP IN INDONESIA)." Dinasti International Journal of Digital Business Management 1, no. 3 (May 14, 2020): 471–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.31933/dijdbm.v1i3.294.
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The invasion of online stores in Indonesia is very massive, proven by various applications and online stores that are known to have operated and used services by the people in Indonesia. Changes in consumer shopping behavior from offline to online have become routine habits in daily behavior. This raises challenges for retail businesses in business continuity. To maintain business continuity, retail (offline store) must diversify by opening an online store. Having an online store or digital business format is expected to be able to maintain business continuity with the support of brand trust owned by offline stores.
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Avery, Jill, Thomas J. Steenburgh, John Deighton, and Mary Caravella. "Adding Bricks to Clicks: On the Role of Physical Stores in a World of Online Shopping." GfK Marketing Intelligence Review 5, no. 2 (November 1, 2013): 28–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/gfkmir-2014-0015.
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Abstract E-commerce is gaining ground and leaving the role of traditional brick-and-mortar stores open to question. With this in mind, a team of researchers performed a case study to determine what effects the store openings of one multichannel retailer of fashion, home furnishings and high-end accessories would have on its catalog and online sales. The opening of brick-and-mortar stores had positive and negative effects for the retailer, but complementary consequences clearly outweighed sales drops in individual channels: In the short term, only catalog sales declined slightly. But over time, both the catalog and online channels increasingly benefited from the presence of the new brick-and-mortar stores. Within 79 months, catalog sales recovered to a level that would have been expected had the store never opened and subsequently continued growing more than in a sample without new stores. An enhanced understanding of both positive and negative cross-channel effects helps retailers better anticipate and respond to changes in sales in existing channels when a new one is added. It is the basis for strategically managing a company’s channels as a portfolio rather than as separate entities.
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Tillyashaykhova, Makhsuda Abdusattarovna, and Gulandom Abdujabbarovna Samigova. "Stages of opening and introducing online stores." Asian Journal of Research in Social Sciences and Humanities 12, no. 1 (2022): 354–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.5958/2249-7315.2022.00060.0.
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Fornari, Edoardo, Daniele Fornari, Sebastiano Grandi, Mario Menegatti, and Charles F. Hofacker. "Adding store to web: migration and synergy effects in multi-channel retailing." International Journal of Retail & Distribution Management 44, no. 6 (June 13, 2016): 658–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/ijrdm-07-2015-0103.
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Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to investigate the topic of multi-channel retailing. Specifically, the research intends to determine if and to what extent the opening of physical stores by a former web-only retailer reduces or extends overall retail sales, and whether such effects tend to change over time. Empirical analysis focuses on data elaboration from a retailer who has passed from the initial mono-channel model (pure online), to a multi-channel one with the opening of stores. Design/methodology/approach – Through the analysis of an internal data set of a leading consumer electronics retailer applying Probit and Logit estimation techniques, the authors extract information about actual customers’ purchases (or rather retail sales) in three newly opened stores and about online purchases (through an e-commerce web site managed by the same retailer with the same store brand) by people living in the new store service areas before and after the openings. Findings – The paper shows that, for the single customer, the probability of purchasing online is reduced by the store opening in the short term, but tends to increase in the long term. Besides, results indicate that long-term synergy between the two channels depends mainly on indirect influence due to the mere presence of the store brand in the area rather than on the direct experience of shopping in the store. Research limitations/implications – The study highlights that channel portfolio enlargement from mono- to multi-channel retailing tends to activate a sort of life cycle; while in the early phase of store addition web sales tend to be cannibalized because the two channels are perceived as “substitutes” for each other, in the long run migration turns into a synergy effect; different channels tend to interact with and reinforce each other as customer touch points of the same retailer, in an omni-channel perspective. Originality/value – The paper herein presents various original elements concerning types of available data (actual sales rather than consumers’ intentions/perceptions and individual level data rather than aggregate level ones), estimation technique used (binary choice model) and research hypotheses (distinguishing between “direct” and “indirect” synergy effects in multi-channel retailing).
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Cheng, Yonghong, and Zhongkai Xiong. "Strategic Conditions for Opening an Internet Store and Pricing Policies in a Retailer-Dominant Supply Chain." Mathematical Problems in Engineering 2015 (2015): 1–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2015/640719.
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To examine when the manufacturer and dominant retailer open their own Internet stores and how setting prices to ensure opening Internet stores are profitable. We consider a two-echelon supply chain with one manufacturer and one dominant retailer. The retailer has a physical store in a monopolist market. Depending on whether the Internet stores are opened successfully by them, we firstly obtain equilibrium prices and profits under four possible supply chain structures. Secondly, we identify several strategic conditions when it is optimal to open an Internet store for the manufacturer and dominant retailer and discuss its implications. It is interesting to note that multichannel retailing is not necessarily the best strategy for the dominant retailer. In addition, we investigate the impacts of problem parameters (the dominant retailer’s bargaining power and consumers’ disutility of purchasing a product from Internet store) on the manufacturer and dominant retailer’s pricing policies. We find that the manufacturer’s optimal price at her Internet store is not always being lower than the dominant retailer’s. Finally, we conduct numerical examples to illustrate the theoretical results.
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Sandberg, Erik. "Coordination mechanisms in the store opening process." International Journal of Retail & Distribution Management 42, no. 6 (June 3, 2014): 482–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/ijrdm-01-2013-0024.
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Purpose – For many retailers organic growth through the opening of new stores is a crucial cornerstone of the business model. The purpose of this paper is to explore the store opening process conducted by retail companies. The research questions cover: first, the role and organisation of the establishment function in charge of the process; second, the activities and functions involved in the process; and third, the coordination mechanisms applied during the process. Design/methodology/approach – This research considers the store opening process as a company-wide project, managed by an establishment function, in which internal functions as well as external suppliers need to be coordinated. A multiple case study of eight retail companies is presented, focusing on the organisation of the establishment function, a mapping of the store opening process and the application of coordination mechanisms. Findings – The role and organisation of the establishment function is described and the store opening process is summarised into 11 main activities to be conducted by either the establishment function or other involved functions. During the store opening process six different coordination mechanisms are utilised, including mutual adjustments and direct supervision, as well as different types of standardisation. Originality/value – This research seeks to improve our understanding for the store opening process and how it can be managed and controlled in an effective manner.
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Daunfeldt, Sven-Olov, Matilda Orth, and Niklas Rudholm. "Opening Local Retail Food Stores: A Real-Options Approach." Journal of Industry, Competition and Trade 10, no. 3-4 (June 18, 2010): 373–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10842-010-0078-x.
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Budiono, Anshori, Sri Mulyani, Alfi Fauzi Ramdani, Dedi Candra, and Hardi Hutauruk. "Pengaruh Keragaman Barang Dagangan dan Kepuasan Pembeli Terhadap Tingkat Pembelian Barang di Toko Online." ETNIK: Jurnal Ekonomi dan Teknik 1, no. 9 (June 20, 2022): 590–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.54543/etnik.v1i9.101.
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Increasingly sophisticated digital technology has changed the supply and demand patterns of economic actors through e-commerce or digital marketing. The ease of opening an online store on the marketplace has grown the number of sellers on the marketplace in Indonesia, thereby increasing the level of competition among online stores. With increasingly fierce business competition in the marketplace, sellers at online stores must be able to determine the right sales strategy, one of which is to determine the diversity of merchandise in online stores. This study was conducted to determine the effect of merchandise diversity and buyer satisfaction on the level of purchases at online stores by analyzing data on purchasing goods and consumer ratings in the Shopee Indonesia marketplace. The independent variable in this study is the diversity of merchandise in the online store and the level of buyer satisfaction in the form of a five-star rating by the buyer for purchasing goods at the online store. Meanwhile, the response variable is the level of purchases of goods per year at the online store. From the data analysis, it can be concluded that the diversity of merchandise has an insignificant effect on the level of purchasing goods. Meanwhile, buyer satisfaction has a strong significant influence on the level of purchase of goods
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Singleton, Chelsea R., Yu Li, Angela Odoms-Young, Shannon N. Zenk, and Lisa M. Powell. "Change in Food and Beverage Availability and Marketing Following the Introduction of a Healthy Food Financing Initiative–Supported Supermarket." American Journal of Health Promotion 33, no. 4 (October 3, 2018): 525–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0890117118801744.
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Purpose: The Healthy Food Financing Initiative (HFFI) aims to expand access to healthy foods in low-resourced communities across the United States. This study examined changes in food and beverage availability and marketing in nearby small food stores after the opening of an HFFI-supported supermarket in a predominately low-income and African American community. Design: Natural experiment. Setting: Rockford, Illinois. Participants: A full audit was conducted of the small grocery and limited service stores located in a 1-mile radius around the new supermarket (N = 22) and a 1-square mile area within a nearby demographically matched comparison community (N = 18). Stores were audited in 2015 (1 month preopening) and 2016 (1 year afterward). Measures: Store characteristics, item availability, and interior and exterior promotions/advertisements were examined. Analysis: Difference-in-difference (DID) regression models assessed pre- and postintervention changes in availability and marketing between small food stores in the intervention and comparison communities. Results: The DID regression models indicated no difference between intervention and comparison communities with respect to changes in availability and marketing of all food items with the exception of frozen vegetables which had higher availability postintervention in the comparison community versus intervention (β for interaction term = .67; standard error: 0.33; P = .04). Conclusion: After the opening of the HFFI-supported supermarket, food and beverage availability and marketing in nearby small food stores did not change significantly. However, the wide range of staple foods offered by the supermarket contributed to the expansion of healthy food retail in the intervention community.
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Kim, Hye Lim, and Sungjo Hong. "Spatial Change of Commercial Area around Hongdae in Seoul." Korea Real Estate Academy 87 (August 31, 2022): 21–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.31303/krear.2022.87.21.
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1. CONTENTS (1) RESEARCH OBJECTIVES Recently, the spatial structure of commercial areas is rapidly changing. This phenomenon is of increasing interest as it relates to commercial gentrification. However, most of the previous studies that analyzed changes in commercial areas targeted a single time period or analyzed changes within a single commercial area. There are insufficient studies to detect spatial expansion of commercial districts and analyze their characteristics. Therefore, the purpose of this study is to analyze the spatial change of the commercial area around Hongdae, Seoul.
(2) RESEARCH METHOD In this study, 38 commercial areas located around Hongdae were set as the spatial range and 2000-2019 was set as the temporal range. And opening and closing data of stores located within the spatial range were used as data for the study. As an analysis method, the center point, standard deviation distance, and standard deviation ellipse model that can confirm the spatial movement of commercial areas were used.
(3) RESEARCH FINDINGS The research findings of this study are as follows. First, the movement patterns of the commercial areas around Hongdae differ depending on the store type. The expansion of the Hongdae area occurred mainly through cafes. Third, it is difficult to specify the direction of store opening and closing.
2. RESULTS The results of the study are summarized as follows. First, the change in the center point of store opening & closing that occurs in the commercial areas around Hongdae is divided into two patterns. This is a pattern that moves from Hongdae to Mangwon, Hapjeong, and Yeonnam-dong, and a pattern that shows no significant change near Hongdae. Second, the standard deviation distance of cafe opening increases, which means that the expansion of commercial areas near Hongdae is mainly through cafes. Third, it is difficult to confirm a clear change in the degree of deflection in the standard deviation elliptic model. Therefore, it is difficult to confirm the tendency of the opening and closing of stores in a specific direction.
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Pandey, Shivendra, Arpita Khare, and Preshth Bhardwaj. "Antecedents to local store loyalty: influence of culture, cosmopolitanism and price." International Journal of Retail & Distribution Management 43, no. 1 (January 12, 2015): 5–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/ijrdm-08-2013-0156.
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Purpose – Cosmopolitanism is on the rise in India and traditionally shoppers have been known to patronize local stores. There is a need therefore to see the effect of cosmopolitanism and culture in context of loyalty towards local stores. Grocery items constitute major portion of purchase from local stores, therefore, pricing was also considered as a variable affecting store loyalty. The paper aims to discuss this issue. Design/methodology/approach – The paper used conclusive approach using a structured questionnaire for survey. The sample consisted of 710 respondents. There was almost an equal representation of both genders and also of metropolitan and non-metropolitan consumers. Findings – Culture and price affected local store loyalty directly. Cosmopolitanism was not found to have direct effect on loyalty. Within cultural dimensions, masculinity emerged as the most dominating trait. Minor modifications in cultural scale and major modifications in local store loyalty and cosmopolitanism are also suggested. Research limitations/implications – The study focuses only on three factors: price, culture, and cosmopolitanism. It does not examine influence of variables like personal values, lifestyle, and personality on local store loyalty behaviour. The research did not examine relationship between nature and type of product purchase decisions and its impact on store choice. Practical implications – Local stores need not be unduly worried with the incoming of organized players. The organized players should try to be cheaper and learn some tactics of local stores like customization, etc. There is a case for allowing FDI in multi-brand retail. Originality/value – Cosmopolitanism not affecting the local store loyalty directly is the original contribution of the paper. The finding casts doubts on the growth strategy of organized retailers who are opening new stores with the thinking that cosmopolitan consumer will shop from them instead of local retailers.
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Gittelsohn, Joel, Christina M. Kasprzak, Alex B. Hill, Samantha M. Sundermeir, Melissa N. Laska, Rachael D. Dombrowski, Julia DeAngelo, Angela Odoms-Young, and Lucia A. Leone. "Increasing Healthy Food Access for Low-Income Communities: Protocol of the Healthy Community Stores Case Study Project." International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 19, no. 2 (January 8, 2022): 690. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph19020690.
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Improving healthy food access in low-income communities continues to be a public health challenge. One strategy for improving healthy food access has been to introduce community food stores, with the mission of increasing healthy food access; however, no study has explored the experiences of different initiatives and models in opening and sustaining healthy food stores. This study used a case study approach to understand the experiences of healthy food stores in low-income communities. The purpose of this paper is to describe the methodology used and protocol followed. A case study approach was used to describe seven healthy food stores across urban settings in the U.S. Each site individually coded their cases, and meetings were held to discuss emerging and cross-cutting themes. A cross-case analysis approach was used to produce a series of papers detailing the results of each theme. Most case studies were on for-profit, full-service grocery stores, with store sizes ranging from 900 to 65,000 square feet. Healthy Food Availability scores across sites ranged from 11.6 (low) to 26.5 (high). The papers resulting from this study will detail the key findings of the case studies and will focus on the challenges, strategies, and experiences of retail food stores attempting to improve healthy food access for disadvantaged communities. The work presented in this special issue will help to advance research in the area of community food stores, and the recommendations can be used by aspiring, new, and current community food store owners.
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Srinivasan, Raji, Shrihari Sridhar, Sriram Narayanan, and Debika Sihi. "Effects of opening and closing stores on chain retailer performance." Journal of Retailing 89, no. 2 (June 2013): 126–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jretai.2012.12.001.
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Hauge, Ragnar, and Arvid Amundsen. "Does Increased Availability of Licit Alcohol Influence the use of Unrecorded Alcoholic Beverages?" Nordisk Alkoholtisdkrift (Nordic Alcohol Studies) 11, no. 4 (August 1994): 191–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/145507259401100407.
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In autumn 1991 the Norwegian Wine and Spirits Monopoly was permitted to open stores for off-license sales in three municipalities of the Sogn and Fjordane County — which until then had been the last county in Norway without monopoly stores. This gave the population the possibility to buy wine and spirits directly from the stores, instead of ordering it by post or spending a day travelling to stores outside the county. Two surveys were carried out comprising representative samples consisting of 6 000 adults in the three municipalities where stores were opened, and 6 000 from other municipalities in the county; one survey shortly before the stores were opened, and the second a year later. One of the aims of the study was to see if the opening of the stores had any influence on the use of home-made alcoholic beverages or smuggled spirits. The share of the respondents who said that they had drunk these kinds of unrecorded alcoholic beverages in the last 12 months decreased in both type of municipalities from 1991 to 1992 — but the decrease was more pronounced in municipalities where monopoly stores were opened than in the others. It was also found that unrecorded alcoholic beverages were used much more seldom in 1992 than in 1991 in municipalities with stores — while they were used more often in municipalities without stores. One of the arguments for the opening of the stores was the wish to decrease the use of unrecorded beverages. The results of the study seems to imply that at least to a certain extent this goal was achieved.
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Sabbadin, Edoardo, and Simone Aiolfi. "The Strategic Evolution of Fashion Flagship Stores." International Journal of Business and Management 14, no. 9 (August 5, 2019): 123. http://dx.doi.org/10.5539/ijbm.v14n9p123.
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About thirty-five years ago the trend of investing in flagship stores in the fashion and luxury sectors started, and has not stopped even since the last economic crisis. Recently, flagship stores have expanded into new sectors. There is an increased interest in flagship stores; but until now, they have received little attention in academic research. Published papers are mainly related to the fields of luxury shopping and internationalization studies.
Nowadays, the term “flagship store” is ambiguous; it has different meanings. A flagship brand store is, in general terms, the most important, expensive, and representative store of the brand. It has to show the full range of products and services offered. Usually it is the largest store, in the most prestigious location, and adopts original store design solutions; they offer new facilities, and a very high service level. Moreover, flagship designers are famous and prestigious architects; (“Signature” architects, or “Archistars”) and the aim is to create iconic buildings.
The store design solutions are different from other mono-brand stores or franchisee outlets of the company.
Academic research until recent years has overlooked studying the trend of the main luxury and fashion international companies opening flagship stores; which are the most expensive type of retail stores to own, nevertheless a number of questions remain. The purposes of this paper are (1) to consider the evolution of the role of the main types of flagship stores, (2) to establish whether flagship stores constitute a marketing innovation, (3) to discuss factors pushing firms to develop flagship stores and finally, (4) to assess implications for management. In order to answer to our research questions, the study adopts a qualitative approach, in the belief that this type of research is consistent with the research questions. Particularly, we adopted two research methods: interviews and cases studies. We collected interviews with store designers and entrepreneurs. Finally, some information was also collected from secondary sources such as web sites or company news. Our study provides relevant information for marketing managers considering the cost of investing in flagship stores. Vertical branding and new flagship brand stores are becoming increasingly widespread among different firms and sectors, and are bringing to the forefront a requirement for new skills. Particularly in the store design phase, where firms need to be able to take part in constructive dialogue with a wide variety of professional profiles like architects, internal designers, and visual merchandisers. They need a new approach to decoding and displaying the primary values of a brand through innovative store design solutions and sales points, which should be inspired by the communication and entertainment industries. Flagship brand stores should be designed and run to be unique unrepeatable places, able to enhance brand image and provide animation and entertainment value to the brand. Furthermore, flagship store success depends on the firm’s ability to integrate interdisciplinary issues and commercial and artistic-creative communication.
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McCarthy, Julia, Darya Minovi, and Chelsea R. Singleton. "Local Measures to Curb Dollar Store Growth: A Policy Scan." Nutrients 14, no. 15 (July 28, 2022): 3092. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/nu14153092.
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In recent years, advocates have expressed concern about the exponential growth of dollar stores in low-income communities, given their limited stock of healthy foods, and several municipalities in the U.S. have passed novel policies to curb the proliferation of these stores. The purpose of this scan is to create a legal database to inform future healthy retail policies and programs. Legal mapping methods were used to identify local policies aimed at moderating dollar store proliferation. A search yielded 25 policies that met the inclusion criteria, all enacted between 2018 and 2020. Recent policies aiming to slow local dollar store growth were mostly passed in low-income communities of color. All identified policies were passed in either the Midwest or South. The majority of municipalities that passed the policies had populations where more than half of residents identified as non-Hispanic Black or Hispanic and where the poverty rate was greater than the national average. Twelve (48%) municipalities imposed temporary moratoria halting new dollar stores from opening, and ten (40%) banned new construction within a specified distance of an existing dollar store. Key themes identified from analysis of policies’ purpose statements included increasing healthy food availability, diversifying local businesses, and improving community safety. These findings may be useful to leaders in other communities seeking to potentially moderate the impact of dollar stores on community health, as well as researchers and policy makers seeking to evaluate the efficacy of existing policies.
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Hosler, Akiko S., and Jamie R. Kammer. "Trends of fruit and vegetable availability in neighbourhoods in Albany, NY, USA, 2003–2012." Public Health Nutrition 18, no. 3 (March 31, 2014): 562–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1368980014000391.
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AbstractObjectiveTo investigate a 9-year trend of fresh fruit and vegetable availability and factors associated with the net availability change in two contrasting neighbourhoods.DesignLongitudinal design. Data were collected in 2003, 2009 and 2012 through in-store observations. Fresh fruit and vegetable availability was presented by weight-adjusted counts of stores having designated varieties per 10 000 population.SettingA low-income minority neighbourhood and an adjacent middle-income racially mixed neighbourhood in Albany, NY, USA. These neighbourhoods became sites of fresh produce interventions after baseline data were collected.SubjectsA total of 111, 128 and 146 eligible food stores in respective years.ResultsFresh fruit availability (two or more varieties) increased in both neighbourhoods. Inventory expansion of existing stores and the convenience store intervention contributed to the significant increase (P for trend=0·04) of fresh fruit availability in the minority neighbourhood. Although not statistically significant (P>0·05), the availability of two or more dark-coloured fresh vegetables also increased in the mixed neighbourhood, but declined slightly in the minority neighbourhood. The secular (non-intervention) fresh vegetable availability rate ratio by neighbourhood reached 3·0 in 2012 (P<0·01). The net decline of fresh vegetable availability in the minority neighbourhood was primarily attributed to inventory reduction of existing stores.ConclusionsLongitudinal observations revealed narrowed neighbourhood disparities of fresh fruit availability and widened gaps of fresh vegetable availability. Inventory shifts of existing stores impacted the net availability change more profoundly than store opening or closing in the minority neighbourhood. Findings support increasing the programme capacity of the convenience store intervention to address the fresh vegetable disparity.
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Boittin, François-Xavier, Françoise Gribi, Karima Serir, and Jean-Louis Bény. "Ca2+-independent PLA2 controls endothelial store-operated Ca2+ entry and vascular tone in intact aorta." American Journal of Physiology-Heart and Circulatory Physiology 295, no. 6 (December 2008): H2466—H2474. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/ajpheart.00639.2008.
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During an agonist stimulation of endothelial cells, the sustained Ca2+ entry occurring through store-operated channels has been shown to significantly contribute to smooth muscle relaxation through the release of relaxing factors such as nitric oxide (NO). However, the mechanisms linking Ca2+ stores depletion to the opening of such channels are still elusive. We have used Ca2+ and tension measurements in intact aortic strips to investigate the role of the Ca2+-independent isoform of phospholipase A2 (iPLA2) in endothelial store-operated Ca2+ entry and endothelium-dependent relaxation of smooth muscle. We provide evidence that iPLA2 is involved in the activation of endothelial store-operated Ca2+ entry when Ca2+ stores are artificially depleted. We also show that the sustained store-operated Ca2+ entry occurring during physiological stimulation of endothelial cells with the circulating hormone ATP is due to iPLA2 activation and significantly contributes to the amplitude and duration of ATP-induced endothelium-dependent relaxation. Consistently, both iPLA2 metabolites arachidonic acid and lysophosphatidylcholine were found to stimulate Ca2+ entry in native endothelial cells. However, only the latter triggered endothelium-dependent relaxation through NO release, suggesting that lysophosphatidylcholine produced by iPLA2 upon Ca2+ stores depletion may act as an intracellular messenger that stimulates store-operated Ca2+ entry and subsequent NO production in endothelial cells. Finally, we found that ACh-induced endothelium relaxation also depends on iPLA2 activation, suggesting that the iPLA2-dependent control of endothelial store-operated Ca2+ entry is a key physiological mechanism regulating arterial tone.
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Skubii, Iryna. "DEPARTMENT STORE AS SPACE OF URBAN CONSUMPTION IN 1920-1930S IN SOVIET UKRAINE." City History, Culture, Society, no. 4 (November 7, 2018): 162–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.15407/mics2019.04.162.
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In the article, the features of department stores as trade establishments in Soviet Ukraine in 1920-1930s are examined. Department store is investigated as a unique space of urban consumption. It got the special place in ideology and propaganda and “fixed the victories and advantages of Soviet cultural trade”, the democratization of consumption. Department stores were to become a model of successful Soviet trade management and marketing.
In urban space, department stores became the symbol of novelty, sufficiency and example for other trade institutions. Special attention is given to the transition in public discourse the image from “customer” to “consumer” during 1920-1930s. The innovativeness of univermags let to the use of modern tendencies in the arrangement of space, in particular, window displays and counters.
It has been analyzed how department stores were equipped according to the last requirements of time with the help of mechanical devices and refrigeration units.
The experience existence of universal type institutions was not as unique as it was in line with the world tendencies of trade modernization. But by borrowing and transforming the idea of universal trade into Soviet realities, the Bolshevik authorities gave it new meaning. In the Ukrainian department stores at that time a new commercial space was planned for the premises, showcases and counters were equipped, but despite these innovations, the shortage of goods, queues and state control of the market continued to remain. It has been concluded that state department stores could have become a model of successful Soviet management and marketing in the field of trade. Nevertheless, it was not enough to create a properly equipped store space, because consumer and department store was dependent on the ideological and economic policies of Soviet authorities.
At the same time, the opening of department stores became a new stage in the development of Soviet trade, where the consumer could have become the main actor of these processes. However, in spite of this fact, during 1920-1930s a “new Soviet consumer” with its culture and consumption practices was created.
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Wrigley, Neil, Julia Branson, Andrew Murdock, and Graham Clarke. "Extending the Competition Commission's Findings on Entry and Exit of Small Stores in British High Streets: Implications for Competition and Planning Policy." Environment and Planning A: Economy and Space 41, no. 9 (January 1, 2009): 2063–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.1068/a41326.
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The Competition Commission's analysis in 2007 of entry and exit conditions among small stores across more than one thousand British high streets provided a landmark piece of research on a topic in which debate and policy recommendations had moved significantly, and arguably dangerously, ahead of the available evidence base. Within a general context of a continuing long-term decline of specialist small stores in British town centres and high streets, it cast considerable doubt on the popularly held view that a broad-based decline of the independent convenience store sector was taking place across the UK, or that Britain's high streets were experiencing an accelerating decline in their small and specialist stores. Additionally, and even more controversially, the Commission's analysis was able to demonstrate that competitive entry by larger format corporate food retailing was not inevitably and uniformly associated with negative impacts on the small store sector. It is known that the Commission's research was paralleled by an identical analysis conducted on behalf of one of the main parties to the Groceries Market Inquiry by the University of Southampton. The first component of the Southampton analysis, which both corroborated and extended the Commission's findings, is available in the public domain. This paper now presents the second component of the Southampton analysis, which similarly both corroborates but also extends the vitally important ‘conditional entry’ dimension of the Commission's research—focusing directly on the extent to which entry into the small store sector during the early to mid 2000s might have been constrained by, and exit from the sector accelerated by, the competitive impacts of larger format foodstore openings by the major corporate retailers. The paper shows: (a) that there is an important missing regional dimension within the Commission's analysis, and (b) that entry and exit into the small store sector in the UK during 2000–06 was constrained and/or accelerated by the competitive impacts of supermarket opening in a different fashion within ‘London and prospering southern England’ than elsewhere in the country. That is to say, in the region of the UK in which arguments about the threat of corporate retail to the diversity of the small store sector had often proved particularly heated, the Southampton analysis shows small shops in town centres and high streets to have been more robust to the competitive opening of larger format corporate foodstores than elsewhere in the UK. In that context, the paper suggests that the findings represent an ‘inconvenient truth’ which deserves consideration both in policy debate and in future processes of planning regulation reform. Discussion of the relevance of the findings in respect of the proposed changes to Planning Policy Statement 6 released for consultation by the Department for Communities and Local Government in July 2008 is presented.
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Hollis-Hansen, Kelseanna, Leah Vermont, Michelle L. Zafron, Jennifer Seidman, and Lucia Leone. "The introduction of new food retail opportunities in lower-income communities and the impact on fruit and vegetable intake: a systematic review." Translational Behavioral Medicine 9, no. 5 (September 30, 2019): 837–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/tbm/ibz094.
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Introducing mobile produce markets and farmers’ markets increased fruit and vegetable consumption in lower-income communities, while opening larger retailers (e.g. grocery stores) did not improve fruit and vegetable intake.
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Hsieh, Long-Chang, and Tzu-Hsia Chen. "THE INNOVATIVE DESIGN OF AUTOMATIC OPENING/CLOSING GULL-WING FRAME SYSTEM BY MORPHOLOGICAL CHART ANALYSIS." Transactions of the Canadian Society for Mechanical Engineering 41, no. 5 (December 2017): 657–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/tcsme-2017-501.
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Gullwing vehicles, also known as "mobile stores", although belong to transportation but also belong to product marketing industry. In this paper, we focus on innovative design of opening/closing gull-wing frame system to reduce the manufacturing costs and enhance mechanical precision. By using the morphological chart analysis, many new gull-wing frames are generated. One of these designs is “Automatic opening/closing gull-wing frame with four electric power systems”. Based on the design requirements and constraints of opening/closing gull-wing frame, the driving mechanism and power system are synthesized. Finally, the prototype “automatic opening/closing gull-wing frame with four electric power systems” is carried out.
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Campbell, Colin, Mónica María Calderón Pinedo, Willa Midgette, and Justin Vieira. "The Consequences of Living in a Small-town Food Desert: Mixed Methods Evidence from a Quasi-Experiment." Social Currents 7, no. 6 (June 11, 2020): 563–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/2329496520928428.
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Past research finds that living in a food desert is associated with an unhealthy diet and poor health; however, more recent studies of urban food deserts suggest that these findings may be spurious. In this article, we leverage the flooding and subsequent closing of the only grocery store in a small town to examine the effects of living in a small-town food desert. Using difference-in-difference methods, we find that opening a grocery store in a small-town food desert is not associated with changes in diet, but we find that opening a grocery store in a food desert is associated with improved food access. Findings from in-depth interviews shed further light on how residents of a small-town food desert decide where to shop and how routine activities provide access to a range of nonlocal grocery stores. Moreover, we find that the absence of a grocery store negatively affects social relationships. While the findings add to growing skepticism about food desert effects on diet, the findings reveal important food desert effects on food access and also the social consequences of living in a food desert.
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Bowles, E. E., W. G. Homeyer, J. M. Rawls, M. W. Heyse, J. B. Cornette, and N. E. Taconi. "25 kA, 5000 V solid state opening switch for inductive energy stores." IEEE Transactions on Magnetics 29, no. 1 (January 1993): 911–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/20.195698.
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Reinboth, Christian. "The Scene of Village and Farm Stores in Saxony-Anhalt." Open Conference Proceedings 2 (December 15, 2022): 209–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.52825/ocp.v2i.145.
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The importance of village and farm stores for providing rural needs is steadily increasing. Since there are hardly any insights concerning the development of the village and farm shop scene in Saxony-Anhalt to date, an attempt was made to map the scene as completely as possible based on freely available data. The results show a broadly established scene with sometimes highly professional online marketing, which compared to discounters and full-range stores loses in attractiveness especially in terms of opening hours.
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Srivats, Shyam, Dilshan Balasuriya, Mathias Pasche, Gerard Vistal, J. Michael Edwardson, Colin W. Taylor, and Ruth D. Murrell-Lagnado. "Sigma1 receptors inhibit store-operated Ca2+ entry by attenuating coupling of STIM1 to Orai1." Journal of Cell Biology 213, no. 1 (April 11, 2016): 65–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.1083/jcb.201506022.
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Sigma1 receptors (σ1Rs) are expressed widely; they bind diverse ligands, including psychotropic drugs and steroids, regulate many ion channels, and are implicated in cancer and addiction. It is not known how σ1Rs exert such varied effects. We demonstrate that σ1Rs inhibit store-operated Ca2+ entry (SOCE), a major Ca2+ influx pathway, and reduce the Ca2+ content of the intracellular stores. SOCE was inhibited by expression of σ1R or an agonist of σ1R and enhanced by loss of σ1R or an antagonist. Within the endoplasmic reticulum (ER), σ1R associated with STIM1, the ER Ca2+ sensor that regulates SOCE. This interaction was modulated by σ1R ligands. After depletion of Ca2+ stores, σ1R accompanied STIM1 to ER–plasma membrane (PM) junctions where STIM1 stimulated opening of the Ca2+ channel, Orai1. The association of STIM1 with σ1R slowed the recruitment of STIM1 to ER–PM junctions and reduced binding of STIM1 to PM Orai1. We conclude that σ1R attenuates STIM1 coupling to Orai1 and thereby inhibits SOCE.
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Zhang, Yu-an, Richard A. Tuft, Lawrence M. Lifshitz, Kevin E. Fogarty, Joshua J. Singer, and Hui Zou. "Caffeine-activated large-conductance plasma membrane cation channels in cardiac myocytes: characteristics and significance." American Journal of Physiology-Heart and Circulatory Physiology 293, no. 4 (October 2007): H2448—H2461. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/ajpheart.00032.2007.
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Caffeine-activated, large-conductance, nonselective cation channels (LCCs) have been found in the plasma membrane of isolated cardiac myocytes in several species. However, little is known about the effects of opening these channels. To examine such effects and to further understand the caffeine-activation mechanism, we carried out studies using whole-cell patch-clamp techniques with freshly isolated cardiac myocytes from rats and mice. Unlike previous studies, thapsigargin was used so that both the effect of opening LCCs and the action of caffeine were independent of Ca2+ release from intracellular stores. These Ca2+-permeable LCCs were found in a majority of the cells from atria and ventricles, with a conductance of ∼370 pS in rat atria. Caffeine and all its direct metabolic products (theophylline, theobromine, and paraxanthine) activated the channel, while isocaffeine did not. Although they share some similarities with ryanodine receptors (RyRs, the openings of which give rise to Ca2+ sparks), LCCs also showed some different characteristics. With simultaneous Ca2+ imaging and current recording, the localized fluorescence increase due to Ca2+ entry through a single opening of an LCC (SCCaFT) was detected. When membrane potential, instead of current, was recorded, SCCaFT-like fluorescence transients (indicating single LCC openings) were found to accompany membrane depolarizations. To our knowledge, this is the first report directly linking membrane potential changes to a single opening of an ion channel. Moreover, these events in cardiac cells suggest a possible additional mechanism by which caffeine and theophylline contribute to the generation of cardiac arrhythmias.
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Shin, SeongYoun, SookNam Lee, and KyeYeon Wi. "A Study on the Vitalization through the Analysis of Determinants of Department Store Sales." Korea Real Estate Academy 89 (February 28, 2023): 21–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.31303/krear.2023.89.21.
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1. CONTENTS (1) RESEARCH OBJECTIVES This study established a model for determining department store sales, including departmentstorecharacteristicvariablessuchasMD,brand,andoperationmethod,alongwith locationandfacilitiesfordepartmentstoresnationwide.Inconclusion,thisstudyderivesan efficient development plan for the department store industry.
(2) RESEARCH METHOD The analysis method of this study applied the Hedonic Price Model, which assumes a seriesoffunctionalrelationshipswithdepartmentstoresalesandindependentvariables,which are dependent variables.
(3) RESEARCH FINDINGS Asaresultoftheanalysis,itwasfoundthat15independentvariableshadasignificant effect on department store sales. The variables with positive coefficient are subway lines, numberofroads,airport,terminal,trainstation,parkinglot,duty-freeshop,luxurystorerate, vehicle visit, floating population density, Gyeonggi/Incheon area, and 12 other local areas 2. RESULTS Based on the analysis results, the following implications can be presented. First, departmentstoreoperatorsshouldcomparetherentalcostfortransportationenvironmentand facilitiesandtheutilityforprofitswhenopeninganewdepartmentstore.Second,department store companies need appropriate remodeling or modern changes to buildings. Third, it was foundthattheentryofduty-freeshopsandluxurystoreshadasignificantpositiveeffecton departmentstoresales.Therefore,departmentstoresneedstrategiestomeetthedemandfor high-priced consumption. Finally, department store operators should consider Gyeonggi-do, Incheon, and key regions of the province first when opening new department stores.
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Lamb, GD, and DG Stephenson. "Importance of Mg2+ in Excitation-Contraction Coupling in Skeletal Muscle." Physiology 7, no. 6 (December 1, 1992): 270–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/physiologyonline.1992.7.6.270.
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In skeletal muscle, how excitation rapidly triggers Ca2+ release from internal stores is not known exactly. In addition to its many other roles, intracellular Mg2+ binds to the Ca2+ release channels and strongly inhibits their opening. Excitation may actually remove this inhibition by inducing dissociation of Mg2+.
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Deshmukh, P. K., and S. A. Mahajan. "Can a Cooperative Consumer Store Succeed in a Rural Area ? — A Study of Warana Bazar." Vikalpa: The Journal for Decision Makers 24, no. 2 (April 1999): 53–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0256090919990207.
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With the opening up of the economy and the rapidly changing lifestyle, tastes, and habits of the people in the rural areas, there is a wide scope for consumers' cooperatives in the hitherto neglected rural sector. But, how far can cooperative consumer stores successfully tap the emerging rural market? The present study
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Jin, He, and Yongmei Lu. "Evaluating Consumer Nutrition Environment in Food Deserts and Food Swamps." International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 18, no. 5 (March 7, 2021): 2675. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph18052675.
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This research examines the consumer nutrition environment in the selected neighborhoods identified as food deserts, food swamps, and food oases in Austin, Texas, by considering food availability, food price, food quality, and food labeling. A food auditing instrument M-TxNEA-S (He Jin, San Marcos, TX, USA) was developed to capture the unique dietary culture and food preferences in Texas. A total of 93 food items in 14 grocery stores and supermarkets (GS) and 32 convenience stores (CS) were surveyed. The GS in food swamps and food oases were found to offer significantly more healthy foods than the CS. The availability of healthy food in the GS in the food swamps and food oases is significantly higher than that of the GS from the food deserts; CS in the three neighborhoods did not exhibit a significant difference in healthy food availability. There was no significant difference between the price for the healthy items (lower fat, lower calorie, and whole grain) and that for the regular food options. No significant difference was found for food quality or food labeling between the stores from the different types of neighborhoods. The GS in food deserts are small grocery stores carrying limited ranges of foods. The establishment of larger food stores in the food deserts might not be very rewarding, but opening more small grocery stores with healthier options may alleviate food issues.
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Fisher, Marshall L., Santiago Gallino, and Joseph Jiaqi Xu. "The Value of Rapid Delivery in Omnichannel Retailing." Journal of Marketing Research 56, no. 5 (July 3, 2019): 732–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0022243719849940.
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The authors study how faster delivery in the online channel affects sales within and across channels in omnichannel retailing. The authors leverage a quasi-experiment involving the opening of a new distribution center by a U.S. apparel retailer, which resulted in unannounced faster deliveries to western U.S. states through its online channel. Using a difference-in-differences approach, the authors show that online store sales increased, on average, by 1.45% per business-day reduction in delivery time, from a baseline of seven business days. The authors also find a positive spillover effect to the retailer’s offline stores. These effects increase gradually in the short-to-medium run as the result of higher order count. The authors identify two main drivers of the observed effect: (1) customer learning through service interactions with the retailer and (2) existing brand presence in terms of online store penetration rate and offline store presence. Customers with less online store experience are more responsive to faster deliveries in the short run, whereas experienced online store customers are more responsive in the long run.
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Pambudi, Rizal Bagus, and Achsania Hendratmi. "PENGEMBANGAN BISNIS OLEH PONDOK PESANTREN SIDOGIRI PASURUAN." Jurnal Ekonomi Syariah Teori dan Terapan 7, no. 1 (June 11, 2020): 87. http://dx.doi.org/10.20473/vol7iss20201pp87-99.
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The purpose of this study is to find out the business development process which is conducted by Kopontren Sidogiri in creating Basmalah stores that spread across Indonesia with sharia-based businesses. This study uses a qualitative method by using a descriptive case study method. The object of this study is the Basmalah store. Data were collected using semi-structured interviews on three informants, consisting of the Head of the Marketing Division, the Head of the Operational Division, and the Head of the Area Manager Division. Based on the results of the study, it indicates that the business development carried out by Kopontren Sidogiri is mutually sustainable between one business and another. Kopontren Sidogiri, which is known as a sharia-based cooperative, succeeds in creating three companies, namely PT. Sidogiri Mitra Utama which supervises the Basmalah store, PT. Sidogiri Mandiri Utama which owns Santri AMDK products, and PT. Sidogiri Pandu Utama which manages human resources using the Sidogiri Excel Center (SEC) program or better known as the Sidogiri corporation. The business strength of Sidogiri corporation lies in the relationship created between Alumni of Islamic boarding school and students of Sidogiri so that they can quickly develop their markets, regions and business products. The contract used in opening new branches comes under ijarah, mudharabah, and musyarakah. In every new branch opening of Basmalah store, they conduct recitations that invite community leaders to introduce Basmalah store.Keywords: Business Development, Kopontren Sidogiri, Islamic Boarding School Business, Sharia Business.
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Pangarkar, Nitin. "Location preemption by oligopolists: evidence from the Singapore supermarket industry." Journal of Strategy and Management 11, no. 1 (February 19, 2018): 131–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/jsma-07-2017-0052.
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Purpose The purpose of this paper is to investigate whether new store locations by two incumbent supermarket chains in Singapore were consistent with a preemptive strategy. Design/methodology/approach The methodology involved collecting store location data and using a geographical technique (Thiessen polygons) for inferring the existence of a preemptive strategy. Findings The analyses revealed that while NTUC Fairprice’s (the dominant incumbent) new store location strategy was consistent with a preemptive strategy, the second ranked player’s (Cold Storage) was not. Being the dominant incumbent, NTUC Fairprice had the incentive (protect its dominant position) as well as ability (scale, low costs and a merchandise mix that appealed to the mass market) to adopt a preemptive strategy. Cold Storage, on the other hand, lacked both the incentive (appeal to the narrow expatriate segment) and the ability (scale or low costs) to follow a preemptive location strategy. Research limitations/implications The analyses did not distinguish between the opening of large vs small stores because the data on store sizes were not available. The analyses focused on an earlier time period because the implementation of the analytical technique (construction of polygons) was more feasible during the timeframe. Practical implications The paper identifies conditions under which it may be appropriate for firms to follow a preemptive strategy. Originality/value The paper adopts a highly appropriate methodology (Thiessen polygons) that takes into account the locations of own as well as competitor’s stores for analyzing the new store locations by supermarket chains. The paper’s conclusions about the conditions under which preemptive strategies are likely to be adopted can be useful to future researchers as well as managers.
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Otero, Toribio F., and Jose G. Martinez. "Chemo-ionic-conformational memory from reactive dense gels: a way to explore new multivalent memories and brain memory." MRS Proceedings 1729 (2015): 137–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.1557/opl.2015.156.
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ABSTRACTSo far we ignore how brain stores memory. Neurons communicate by pulses where the charges are carried between them by ions flowing through channels. Those pulses present a characteristic maximum related to the conformational movements of the channel protein opening and closing. Electrochemical responses from dense gel electrodes of conducting polymers mimic those pulses. Here we proved that the biomimetic pulse includes simultaneously electrical, chemical and conformational information related to the energy stored by the initial conformational packed state of the polymer. This energetic memory increases linearly with the potential used to reduce and pack (write) the initial state: hundreds of different values can be written (stored) in a full reproducible way (multivalent memory). Every state constitutes a chemo-ionic-conformational (CHEMICONF) memory. Each multivalent memory is read and erased by the reverse electrochemical reaction. Crosslinking states produce permanent memories not erased while reading. Developing CHEMICONF memories can provide new hypothesis to reveal brain memory mechanisms.
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Wei, Li-Qun, and Xi Zou. "IKEA in China: Facing Dilemmas in an Emerging Economy." Asian Case Research Journal 11, no. 01 (June 2007): 1–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0218927507000849.
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This case summarizes the development of IKEA's China operations since the opening of its first store in Shanghai in 1998. Since then, IKEA had added four retail stores in Shanghai, Beijing and Guangzhou. Nevertheless, IKEA still had not been profitable in China. The case aims to identify the underlying factors that influenced IKEA's performance in China. The case starts by summarizing IKEA's history, including its organizational characteristics and the competitive dynamics in the Chinese furniture market. Building on this framework, the strategic challenges of IKEA in China are highlighted. In this regard, the case analyzes the effectiveness of IKEA's distinct furniture concept, pricing strategy, and market positioning in the Chinese furniture market. On the whole, the case aims to provide insights for international business development in the Chinese furniture market.
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Sánchez, Jon Andoni, Amparo Alfonso, Marta Leirós, Eva Alonso, Mostafa E. Rateb, Marcel Jaspars, Wael E. Houssen, Rainer Ebel, and Luís M. Botana. "Spongionella Secondary Metabolites Regulate Store Operated Calcium Entry Modulating Mitochondrial Functioning in SH-SY5Y Neuroblastoma Cells." Cellular Physiology and Biochemistry 37, no. 2 (2015): 779–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.1159/000430395.
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Background/Aims: The effect of four secondary metabolites isolated from sponge Spongionella, gracilins H, A, L and tetrahydroaplysulphurin-1 on Calcium ion (Ca2+) fluxes were studied in SH-SY5Y neuroblastoma cells. Methods and Results: These compounds did not modify cytosolic baseline Ca2+-levels. Nevertheless, when cytosolic Ca2+-influx through store operated calcium channels (SOC channels) was stimulated with Thapsigargin (Tg), a strong inhibition was observed in the presence of gracilin A, gracilin L and tetrahydroaplysulphurin-1. Since these compounds were able to protect mitochondria from oxidative stress, the role of this organelle in the Ca2+-influx inhibition was tested. In this sense, carbonyl cyanide 4-(trifluoromethoxy) phenylhydrazone (FCCP) and Cyclosporine A (CsA) were used. Surprisingly, both the inhibitory effect over Tg-sensitive stores and Ca2+ influx through SOC channels produced by FCCP were abolished with different potencies by Spongionella compounds in a similar way than CsA. CsA is able to avoid Mitochondrial Permeability Transition Pore (mPTP) opening. As well as CsA, Spongionella compounds reverted mPTP opening induced by FCCP. In the case of CsA the mPTP blockade is due to the direct binding to Cyclophilin D (Cyp D), a mitochondrial matrix protein. This association was also observed between gracilin L and tetrahydroaplysulphurin-1 and Cyp D. Therefore, Spongionella compounds modulate mitochondrial activity by preventing mPTP opening by binding to Cyp D. Conclusions: These effects make Spongionella compounds as new family of compounds with promising activity in human diseases where mitochondrial alterations are implicated.
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Suhaibah, A., U. Uznir, F. Anton, D. Mioc, and A. A. Rahman. "3D NEAREST NEIGHBOUR SEARCH USING A CLUSTERED HIERARCHICAL TREE STRUCTURE." ISPRS - International Archives of the Photogrammetry, Remote Sensing and Spatial Information Sciences XLI-B2 (June 7, 2016): 87–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/isprs-archives-xli-b2-87-2016.
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Locating and analysing the location of new stores or outlets is one of the common issues facing retailers and franchisers. This is due to assure that new opening stores are at their strategic location to attract the highest possible number of customers. Spatial information is used to manage, maintain and analyse these store locations. However, since the business of franchising and chain stores in urban areas runs within high rise multi-level buildings, a three-dimensional (3D) method is prominently required in order to locate and identify the surrounding information such as at which level of the franchise unit will be located or is the franchise unit located is at the best level for visibility purposes. One of the common used analyses used for retrieving the surrounding information is Nearest Neighbour (NN) analysis. It uses a point location and identifies the surrounding neighbours. However, with the immense number of urban datasets, the retrieval and analysis of nearest neighbour information and their efficiency will become more complex and crucial. In this paper, we present a technique to retrieve nearest neighbour information in 3D space using a clustered hierarchical tree structure. Based on our findings, the proposed approach substantially showed an improvement of response time analysis compared to existing approaches of spatial access methods in databases. The query performance was tested using a dataset consisting of 500,000 point locations building and franchising unit. The results are presented in this paper. Another advantage of this structure is that it also offers a minimal overlap and coverage among nodes which can reduce repetitive data entry.
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Suhaibah, A., U. Uznir, F. Anton, D. Mioc, and A. A. Rahman. "3D NEAREST NEIGHBOUR SEARCH USING A CLUSTERED HIERARCHICAL TREE STRUCTURE." ISPRS - International Archives of the Photogrammetry, Remote Sensing and Spatial Information Sciences XLI-B2 (June 7, 2016): 87–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/isprsarchives-xli-b2-87-2016.
Full textAbstract:
Locating and analysing the location of new stores or outlets is one of the common issues facing retailers and franchisers. This is due to assure that new opening stores are at their strategic location to attract the highest possible number of customers. Spatial information is used to manage, maintain and analyse these store locations. However, since the business of franchising and chain stores in urban areas runs within high rise multi-level buildings, a three-dimensional (3D) method is prominently required in order to locate and identify the surrounding information such as at which level of the franchise unit will be located or is the franchise unit located is at the best level for visibility purposes. One of the common used analyses used for retrieving the surrounding information is Nearest Neighbour (NN) analysis. It uses a point location and identifies the surrounding neighbours. However, with the immense number of urban datasets, the retrieval and analysis of nearest neighbour information and their efficiency will become more complex and crucial. In this paper, we present a technique to retrieve nearest neighbour information in 3D space using a clustered hierarchical tree structure. Based on our findings, the proposed approach substantially showed an improvement of response time analysis compared to existing approaches of spatial access methods in databases. The query performance was tested using a dataset consisting of 500,000 point locations building and franchising unit. The results are presented in this paper. Another advantage of this structure is that it also offers a minimal overlap and coverage among nodes which can reduce repetitive data entry.
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Mizutani, Kosuke, Nobuhiro Nagasawa, and Kosei Demura. "Development of automatic opening and closing shelf for convenience stores in cooperation with collaborative robot." Advanced Robotics 36, no. 23 (December 2, 2022): 1241–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/01691864.2022.2145234.
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Nilsson, Elin, Tommy Gärling, Agneta Marell, and Anna-Carin Nordvall. "Importance ratings of grocery store attributes." International Journal of Retail & Distribution Management 43, no. 1 (January 12, 2015): 63–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/ijrdm-12-2012-0112.
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Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to develop a comprehensive set of grocery store attributes that can be standardized and used in empirical research aiming at increasing retailers’ understanding of determinants of grocery store choice, and assessing how the relative importance of the attributes is affected by consumer socio-demographic characteristics and shopping behaviour. Design/methodology/approach – An internet survey of 1,575 Swedish consumers was conducted. A large set of attributes was rated by the participants on seven-point scales with respect to their importance for choice of grocery store. Principal component analysis (PCA) resulted in a reduced set of reliably measured aggregated attributes. This set included the attractiveness attributes price level, supply range, supply quality, service quality, storescape quality, facilities for childcare, and closeness to other stores, and the accessibility attributes easy access by car, easy access by other travel modes, and availability (closeness to store and opening hours). Findings – The results showed that accessibility by car is the most important grocery store attribute, storescape quality and availability the next most important and facilities for childcare the least important. It was also found that socio-demographic factors and shopping behaviour have an impact on the importance of the store attributes. Originality/value – A comprehensive set of attractiveness and accessibility attributes of grocery stores that can be standardized and used in empirical research is established. The results are valid for the Swedish-European conditions that differ from the conditions in North America where most previous research has been conducted. The results reveal the relative importance grocery-shopping consumers place on controllable attractiveness attributes compared to uncontrollable accessibility attributes as well as the relative importance of the attributes within each category.
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Noh, Seung-Chul, and Jung-Ho Park. "Café and Restaurant under My Home: Predicting Urban Commercialization through Machine Learning." Sustainability 13, no. 10 (May 19, 2021): 5699. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su13105699.
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The small commercial stores opening in housing structures in Seoul have been soaring since the beginning of this century. While commercialization generally increases urban vitality and achieves land use mix, cafés and restaurants in low-rise residential areas may attract numerous passenger populations, with increased noise and crimes, in the residential area. The urban commercialization is so fast and prevalent that neither urban researchers nor policymakers can respond to it timely without a practical prediction tool. Focusing on cafés and restaurants, we propose an XGBoost machine learning model that can predict commercial store openings in urban residential areas and further play the role of an early warning system. Our findings highlight a large degree of difference in the predictor importance between the variables used in our machine learning model. The most important predictor relates to land price, indicating that economic motivation leads to the conversion of urban housing to small cafés and restaurants. The Mapo neighborhood is predicted to be the most prone to the commercialization of urban housing, therefore, its urgency to be prepared against expected commercialization deserves underscoring. Overall, our results show that the machine learning approach can be applied to predict changes in land uses and contribute to timely policy designs in rapidly changing urban context.
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Shen, Yihan, Nagendra Babu Thillaiappan, and Colin W. Taylor. "The store-operated Ca2+ entry complex comprises a small cluster of STIM1 associated with one Orai1 channel." Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 118, no. 10 (March 1, 2021): e2010789118. http://dx.doi.org/10.1073/pnas.2010789118.
Full textAbstract:
Increases in cytosolic Ca2+ concentration regulate diverse cellular activities and are usually evoked by opening of Ca2+ channels in intracellular Ca2+ stores and the plasma membrane (PM). For the many signals that evoke formation of inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate (IP3), IP3 receptors coordinate the contributions of these two Ca2+ sources by mediating Ca2+ release from the endoplasmic reticulum (ER). Loss of Ca2+ from the ER then activates store-operated Ca2+ entry (SOCE) by causing dimers of STIM1 to cluster and unfurl cytosolic domains that interact with the PM Ca2+ channel, Orai1, causing its pore to open. The relative concentrations of STIM1 and Orai1 are important, but most analyses of their interactions use overexpressed proteins that perturb the stoichiometry. We tagged endogenous STIM1 with EGFP using CRISPR/Cas9. SOCE evoked by loss of ER Ca2+ was unaffected by the tag. Step-photobleaching analysis of cells with empty Ca2+ stores revealed an average of 14.5 STIM1 molecules within each sub-PM punctum. The fluorescence intensity distributions of immunostained Orai1 puncta were minimally affected by store depletion, and similar for Orai1 colocalized with STIM1 puncta or remote from them. We conclude that each native SOCE complex is likely to include only a few STIM1 dimers associated with a single Orai1 channel. Our results, demonstrating that STIM1 does not assemble clusters of interacting Orai channels, suggest mechanisms for digital regulation of SOCE by local depletion of the ER.
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Jacobson, Jake, and Michael R. Duchen. "Mitochondrial oxidative stress and cell death in astrocytes —requirement for stored Ca2+ and sustained opening of the permeability transition pore." Journal of Cell Science 115, no. 6 (March 15, 2002): 1175–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.1242/jcs.115.6.1175.
Full textAbstract:
The role of oxidative stress is established in a range of pathologies. As mitochondria are a major source of reactive oxygen species (ROS), we have developed a model in which an intramitochondrial photosensitising agent is used to explore the consequences of mitochondrial ROS generation for mitochondrial function and cell fate in primary cells. We have found that, in astrocytes, the interplay between mitochondrial ROS and ER sequestered Ca2+ increased the frequency of transient mitochondrial depolarisations and caused mitochondrial Ca2+ loading from ER stores. The depolarisations were attributable to opening of the mitochondrial permeability transition pore (mPTP). Initially, transient events were seen in individual mitochondria, but ultimately, the mitochondrial potential(Δψm) collapsed completely and irreversibly in the whole population. Both ROS and ER Ca2+ were required to initiate these events, but neither alone was sufficient. Remarkably, the transient events alone appeared innocuous, and caused no increase in either apoptotic or necrotic cell death. By contrast, progression to complete collapse ofΔψ m caused necrotic cell death. Thus increased mitochondrial ROS generation initiates a destructive cycle involving Ca2+ release from stores and mitochondrial Ca2+-loading,which further increases ROS production. The amplification of oxidative stress and Ca2+ loading culminates in opening of the mPTP and necrotic cell death in primary brain cells.