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Journal articles on the topic 'Stone preservation'

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Author: Grafiati

Published: 10 March 2023

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1

Mahar, Naveed A., Harris H. Qureshi, Ghulam M. Kalhoro, Riaz A. Laghari, Syed A. Shah, Maryam Saeed, and Rehan Mohsen. "Anatrophic Nehphrolithotomy: Preservation of Renal Function and Stone Clearance Rate." Pakistan Journal of Medical and Health Sciences 16, no. 8 (August 31, 2022): 54–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.53350/pjmhs2216854.

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Aim: To assess the outcomes of anatrophic nephrolithotomy in terms of stone clearance and change in renal function. Study design: Observational study Place and duration of study: Department of Urology Sindh Institute of Urology & Transplantation, Karachi from 1st January 2016 to 31st December 2021. Methodology: Fifty patients who underwent anatrophic nephrolithotomy from were enrolled. Outcomes were measured in terms of stone clearance, change in pre and post procedure eGFR, serum creatinine and differential renal function on renal scan (MAG-3 scan). Results: There were 30 (60%) males and 20 (40%) females with mean age was 5.96±13.09 years. Post-operative serum creatinine and eGFR were compared with pre-operative values and no statistically significant difference observed. Comparison of pre-operative and post-operative 99mTc-mercaptoacetyltriglycine (MAG3) scans revealed statistically significant mild loss of renal function with p-value of0.376. Conclusion: Anatrophic nephrolithotomy can be an alternative for multi tract PCNL when there is huge stone burden as it yields excellent stone clearance, and it can be practiced fearlessly for large staghorn stones because they can become the frequent cause of infections and mortality. Although parenchymal damage after anatrophic nephrolithotomy is of concern, renal dysfunction is usually clinically insignificant. Key words: Anatrophic nephrolithotomy, Staghorn stone, Renal calculi

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Dionísio, Amélia, Edite Martinho, Carlos Grangeia, and Fernando Almeida. "Examples of the Use of Non-Invasive Techniques for the Evaluation of Stone Decay in Portugal." Key Engineering Materials 548 (April 2013): 239–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.548.239.

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Today experts agree that precise damage diagnosis is the key to comprehensive characterization, interpretation, rating and prediction of stone damage. It provides vital information for monument conservation and sustainable preservation. Better understanding of the stones used in monuments and the factors, processes and characteristics involved in stone decay is therefore essential to the sustainable preservation of cultural heritage. A frequent and major obstacle to studying stone decay in monuments is the impossibility of touching or obtaining samples for study in the laboratory or even in-situ. The aim of this paper is to present the results of three non-invasive geophysical (3-D electrical resistivity and seismic refraction) and geochemical (soluble salts typology and distribution) techniques, that were used to diagnose stone damage in case studies involving Portuguese cultural heritage. Different techniques were applied based on decay typology or observed phenomena.

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Zenk, Johannes, Michael Koch, Nils Klintworth, Barbara König, Katharina Konz, M. Boyd Gillespie, and Heinrich Iro. "Sialendoscopy in the Diagnosis and Treatment of Sialolithiasis." Otolaryngology–Head and Neck Surgery 147, no. 5 (June 29, 2012): 858–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0194599812452837.

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Objective Sialendoscopy and other gland-preserving techniques such as extracorporeal shockwave lithotripsy (ESWL), transoral stone removal, and combinations of these methods have fundamentally changed the therapeutic approach to salivary stones. Since 2003, all patients presenting with sialolithiasis have been diagnosed and treated with the same algorithm and routine salivary gland endoscopy (SGE). Study Design Case series with chart review of patients with sialolithiasis treated between 2003 and 2008 using an algorithm for gland preservation. Setting Tertiary referral academic medical center. Subjects and Methods A total of 1154 patients with suspected sialolithiasis were identified and reviewed. Factors analyzed included stone location, size, surgical method, rate of stone clearance, complications, and rate of short- and long-term symptom resolution. Successful treatment was defined as freedom from symptoms at follow-up. Results Diagnostic sialendoscopy confirmed 221 parotid stones and 812 submandibular stones, of which 206 and 736, respectively, were treated. Transoral stone removal was the most frequently used method to remove submandibular stones (92%), with a smaller percentage able to be removed by SGE alone (5%) with long-term success rates ≥90%. Only 4% (29/736) required submandibular gland removal. Parotid stones were removed by SGE (22%), combined SGE and incisional technique (26%), or ESWL (52%), with long-term success rates of 98%, 89%, and 79%, respectively. Only 8 of 206 (4%) patients eventually required parotidectomy. Conclusion Salivary gland endoscopy is an important diagnostic and therapeutic tool in the management of sialolithiasis but must be combined with additional techniques to ensure a high rate of stone clearance, symptom resolution, and gland preservation.

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4

Botti, C., R. Olmi, V. Bertoni, A. Filoni, B. Baisi, and P. Ferrari. "Indications and Percutaneous Treatment of Renal Staghorn Stones." Urologia Journal 65, no. 4 (August 1998): 540–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/039156039806500413.

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The treatment of renal staghorn stones by PCN-monotherapy or PCN-debulking with subsequent ESWL is reported. From 1984 to 1997, 111 patients were treated for staghorn stones, 69 of whom had pyelitic stones involving one calyx only while more than one calyx was involved in the remaining 35 as follows: 32 simple (pyelic stone + 2 or more calyces involved) and 3 complex (all calyces involved). Of the 104 patients treated with PCN-monotherapy or combined with subsequent ESWL, 86 became stone-free (82.6%). Furthermore there were few complications, less morbidity and greater preservation of renal function compared to open surgery.

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MIYAKE, Masahiro, and Takeaki SHONO. "The preservation of stone infrastructures and wall structure using locally produced stones." INFRASTRUCTURE PLANNING REVIEW 22 (2005): 371–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.2208/journalip.22.371.

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6

Goffredo, Giovanni, and Placido Munafò. "Preservation of Historical Stone Surfaces by TiO2 Nanocoatings." Coatings 5, no. 2 (June 19, 2015): 222–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/coatings5020222.

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7

Scheffler, Michael J. "Thin-Stone Veneer Building Facades: Evolution and Preservation." APT Bulletin 32, no. 1 (2001): 27. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/1504690.

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8

Tuminello, William H., Susanna Bracci, and Franco Piacenti. "New Developments in Fluorinated Materials for Stone Preservation." APT Bulletin 33, no. 4 (2002): 19. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/1504804.

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9

Gauri, K. Lal. "Decay and preservation of stone in modern environments." Environmental Geology and Water Sciences 15, no. 1 (January 1990): 45–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf01704880.

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10

Boothby, Thomas E., Cecilia J. Rusnak, and Linda Black Weber. "Hunterdon County's Stone-Arch Bridges: History, Technology, and Preservation." APT Bulletin 30, no. 2/3 (1999): 26. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/1504637.

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11

Tillya, Digna. "Preservation of the Stone Age site of Isimila, Tanzania." Conservation and Management of Archaeological Sites 1, no. 4 (January 1996): 243–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.1179/135050396793139015.

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12

Bell, F. G., and J. M. Coulthard. "Stone preservation with illustrative examples from the United Kingdom." Environmental Geology and Water Sciences 16, no. 1 (July 1990): 75–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf01702226.

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13

Jung, Hae Do, and Joo Yong Lee. "Prevention and management of urinary stone." Journal of the Korean Medical Association 63, no. 11 (November 10, 2020): 684–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.5124/jkma.2020.63.11.684.

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The prevalence of urolithiasis is increasing not only in South Korea but also around the world. Urolithiasis has a high recurrence rate, therefore, reducing it is very important in the quality of life for stone formers. For this purpose, dietary modifications and drug therapy can be performed through stone analysis and 24-hour urine collection. Stone analysis is recommended for all stone formers, and the 24-hour urine collection is usually recommended for recurrent stone formers or high-risk groups. A general dietary modification for all stone formers includes a sufficient fluid intake, low levels of sodium, sugar, and animal protein, a normal calcium diet, as well as a high amount of citrate intake. Drug therapy should be performed in cases such as the recurrence of stones or increase of the existing ones, even after the application of preservation therapy, such as dietary modification. The ideal drug therapy should prevent the occurrence of urolithiasis, have no side effects, and have a suitable patientsʼ compliance. Follow-up should be performed periodically, through 24-hour urine collections and imaging studies. For follow-up imaging studies, a lowdose non-enhanced computed tomography is recommended, and it can be performed once a year if the patient is in a stable state. To control various and complex metabolic abnormalities in recurrent stone formers, multiple approaches may be required through diet modifications, drug therapy, treatment of the metabolic syndrome, and lifestyle modifications.

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Makarova, Anasatsiia Sergeevna. "Archaeological finds made of white stone in the conditions of museum storage: to the problems of exposure and preservation." Культура и искусство, no. 2 (February 2022): 1–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.7256/2454-0625.2022.2.37254.

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In this article, archaeological finds made of white stone (limestone) are considered as a special group of museum items. The subject of the study is the methods of exposure and methodological approaches to the preservation of monuments of this group, which are investigated by methods of problematization, comparative typological and system analysis. The article consistently examines the prerequisites for collecting stone sculpture, presents the main museum collections on the territory of the Russian Federation, which have impressive lapidary collections, reviews the bibliography devoted to the study of ancient stone sculpture and medieval monuments, and analyzes the methods of exhibiting and preserving objects of this group. В В As a result of the undertaken analysis, it was possible to identify the main exposition practices. So lapidary monuments are exhibited both indoors and outdoors. The latter method probably goes back to the tradition of using sculpture as a decorative element, however, in the case of museum items, it requires considerable effort to ensure proper preservation. Stone monuments are successfully included in thematic and systematic expositions, while the most fully informative potential of these objects can be revealed by presenting them in a specially created lapidarium space. From the point of view of ensuring the preservation of limestones of archaeological origin, weak methodological provision and the lack of a unified approach to the choice of conservation measures are revealed.

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Lemke, Ashley K., D. Clark Wernecke, and Michael B. Collins. "Early Art in North America: Clovis and Later Paleoindian Incised Artifacts from the Gault Site, Texas (41BL323)." American Antiquity 80, no. 1 (January 2015): 113–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.7183/0002-7316.79.4.113.

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AbstractEngraved and carved bone and stone artifacts capture our imaginations and are known worldwide from archaeological contexts, but they are seemingly rare and oftentimes difficult to recognize. While preservation issues play a role in the limited recovery of early art objects, research on incised stones and bone from the Gault site in Texas demonstrates that an expectation to find such artifacts plays a key role in their identification and recovery. The presence of incised stones found by collectors at Gault alerted archaeologists to the potential for finding early art in systematic excavations. To date, 11 incised stones and one engraved bone of Paleoindian age (13,000–9,000 calibrated years before present) have been recovered and of these, the Clovis artifacts are among the earliest portable art objects from secure context in North America. The presence of incised stone and bone at Gault led to the development of an examination protocol for identifying and analyzing engraved and incised artifacts that can be applied to a wide variety of archaeological contexts.

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Garcia-Guinea, Javier, Cristina Sapalski, Victor Cardenes, and Manuel Lombardero. "Mineral inlays in natural stone slabs: techniques, materials and preservation." Construction and Building Materials 14, no. 6-7 (September 2000): 365–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0950-0618(00)00047-7.

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Terlikowski, Wojciech, Martyna Gregoriou-Szczepaniak, Michal Kedzierski, Ewa Sobczynska, and Kacper Wasilewski. "Polymeric materials used in the preservation of historical stone buildings." Polimery 65, no. 04 (April 2020): 289–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.14314/polimery.2020.4.5.

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18

Blackburn, Matthew. "Chronicles in Stone. Preservation, Patriotism, and Identity in Northwest Russia." Europe-Asia Studies 72, no. 10 (November 25, 2020): 1763–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/09668136.2020.1847856.

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Puterman, Moshe, Bernhard Jansen, and Hermann Kober. "Development of organosilicone-polyurethanes as stone preservation and consolidation materials." Journal of Applied Polymer Science 59, no. 8 (February 22, 1996): 1237–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/(sici)1097-4628(19960222)59:8<1237::aid-app5>3.0.co;2-d.

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Poudel, Govinda Prasad. "Rehabilitation Issue of Stone Spouts as a Part of an Alternative Source of Public Water Supply Scheme Within Lalitpur Metropolitian City Area." Journal of Innovations in Engineering Education 3, no. 1 (March 31, 2020): 50–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/jiee.v3i1.34325.

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Stone spouts of LMC can be classified according to the water availability. Out of sixty-one stone spouts, only twelve numbers of stone spouts were effectively running up to 2006. These are Manga Hiti, Iku Hiti, Sincha Hiti, Haku Hiti, Konti Hiti, Alko Hiti, Chyasa Hiti, Sundhara, Tapa Hiti(a), Wasa Hiti, Tanga Hiti and Shova Hiti. These stone spouts are considered as good type according to availability of water. Remaining out of fourty- nine stone spouts thirty-four are less effective i.e average type and fifteen are dried up and not exist up to 2006. Comparing different scenarios and results from user’s survey in 2006 and 2019 it is found that yield capacity of every stone spout is being reduced every year and also dried up which we consider good type stone spouts like sundhara patan. Out of sixty-one stone spouts more than fourty stone spurts are almost dried up. This shows the immediate restoration requires for preservation of water from stone spouts.

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Christou, Petros, and Miltiades Elliotis. "Construction and Retrofit Methods of Stone Masonry Structures in Cyprus." Open Construction and Building Technology Journal 10, no. 1 (May 31, 2016): 246–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.2174/1874836801610010246.

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Natural stone is a durable construction material which has been used through centuries for various types of structures. These structures are exposed to corrosive and degradation factors such as climate change and pollution, natural ageing, earthquake actions, increasing urbanization and even human negligence, potentially exposing them to irreversible structural damage and loss. Considering the large number of traditional structures and the historic value of a great number of stone masonry structures, the necessity of maintenance, repair, retrofit and restoration of stone masonry structures is imposed. The process which leads to the preservation of such structures consists of three stages: 1) the in-situ and laboratory study of the degree of damage and of the factors which cause the natural damages on the materials of these buildings, 2) the detailed drawing of the layout and the elevations. This stage also includes the selection of the appropriate measures for the maintenance and retrofits according to the special characteristics of the structure and the design of the intervention method, and 3) the execution of all the intervention works. This paper presents a description of various types of natural stones found in Cyprus, the most commonly used construction methods as well as methods for the retrofit of stone masonry structures.

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Ueda, Tatsuki, Masataka Kikuyama, Yuzo Kodama, and Takafumi Kurokami. "Short-Term Biliary Stent Placement Contributing Common Bile Duct Stone Disappearance with Preservation of Duodenal Papilla Function." Gastroenterology Research and Practice 2016 (2016): 1–5. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2016/6153893.

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Aims. To investigate the effect of biliary stent placement without endoscopic sphincterotomy (EST) on common bile duct stones (CBDS) disappearance and the contribution of preserving the duodenal papilla function to reduce recurrence of CBDS.Methods. Sixty-six patients admitted for acute obstructive cholangitis due to CBDS who underwent biliary stent placement without EST for 2 years from March 2011 were evaluated retrospectively. The second endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP) was performed for treatment of CBDS 3 to 4 months after the first ERCP. We estimated the rate of stone disappearance at the time of second ERCP.Results. CBDS disappearance was observed in 32 (48.5%) of 66 patients. The diameter of the bile ducts and the diameter of CBDS in patients with CBDS disappearance were significantly smaller than in those with CBDS requiring extraction (p=0.007andp<0.001, resp.). Stone disappearance was evident when the diameter of bile ducts and that of CBDS were <10 and 7 mm, respectively (p=0.002).Conclusions. Short-term stent placement without EST eliminates CBDS while preserving duodenal papilla function and may be suitable for treating CBDS in patients with nondilated bile ducts and small CBDS.

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Peterová, Adéla, Susana Garcia Mayo, Jakub Polonský, Vítězslav Knotek, and Petr Kotlík. "Influence of Different Nanoparticles in Stone Silicon-Based Consolidant." Key Engineering Materials 714 (September 2016): 90–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.714.90.

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Weathering and air pollution compromise the preservation of historic buildings made of stone. The concept of the consolidation of materials is introduced to overcome this problem, or at least to reduce its severity. The consolidation consists of introducing a chemical substance into damaged stone for restoring its original mechanical properties, or into undamaged stone for preserving it. Silicon compounds, such as tetraethoxysilane, are frequently used for this purpose. Here, we present a time domain study of the sol-gel process using Dynasylan 40 with the addition of the nanoparticles of SiO2, Al2O3, TiO2 and CaCO3.

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Cherkasova, Lyudmila Igorevna, Aleksandr Glebovich Paushkin, and German Valer’evich Alekseev. "Inspection problems of rural stone churches." Vestnik MGSU, no. 2 (February 2016): 74–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.22227/1997-0935.2016.2.74-85.

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The authors describe the reasons for the destruction and the difficult process of restoring old stone churches built before 1917. The article notes the difference between these processes in the village and in the city. In the villages a large number of churches are in emergency condition, but continue to be operated as intended, i.e. for divine service. The article gives the classification of the causes for the destruction process of old rural churches. At the present time old temples usually destruct due to the lack of timely rehabilitation works. Recovery is hindered by the high cost of a comprehensive inspection and restoration. The work can be greatly reduced if the goal is not restoration, but conservation and prevention of an emergency condition. The authors come to the conclusion that the survey of rural churches as opposed to urban ones has the main goals: to determine the state category, to provide space in which the religious services may be held, for example, in the summer, and to provide materials for preservation of the part of the building, the operation of which is impossible. The problems of preservation of the architectural decor and restoration of items are not considered in such an inspection. Such a survey can be called “Express survey”. Express survey is conducted for a short time with a small group of specialists. The examination includes visual examination, thorough photographic images, study of the geological history of the area, interviews with the residents, description of the defects, which reduce the reliability of the building, recommendations for the strengthening of structures, conservation and monitoring frequencies. The works on measurement and determination of the strength of materials must be minimized. For more efficient operation, it is proposed to amend the regulations or create a separate document in addition to the known norms regulating the work using a rapid survey.

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MIYAKE, Masahiro, Takeaki SHONO, and Hideo YAMANAKA. "Landscape preservation system of stone infrastructure in intermediate and mountainous area." INFRASTRUCTURE PLANNING REVIEW 22 (2005): 379–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.2208/journalip.22.379.

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Zucchelli, Margherita, Giulia Mazzon, Laura Bertolacci, Riccardo Carzino, Elisabetta Zendri, and Athanassia Athanassiou. "Stone sustainable protection and preservation using a zein-based hydrophobic coating." Progress in Organic Coatings 159 (October 2021): 106434. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.porgcoat.2021.106434.

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NODA, Koji. "Solid Modeing of Stone Buddhist Images in Preservation of Cultural Assets." Journal of the Japan society of photogrammetry and remote sensing 32, no. 4 (1993): 52–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.4287/jsprs.32.4_52.

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Ferraz, Renato Ribeiro Nogueira, Alessandra Calábria Baxmann, Larissa Gorayb Ferreira, José Luiz Nishiura, Priscila Reina Siliano, Samirah Abreu Gomes, Silvia Regina Silva Moreira, and Ita Pfeferman Heilberg. "Preservation of urine samples for metabolic evaluation of stone-forming patients." Urological Research 34, no. 5 (August 4, 2006): 329–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00240-006-0064-2.

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Siegesmund, Siegfried, and Joerg Ruedrich. "Monuments under threat: environmental impact, preservation strategies and natural stone recourses." Environmental Earth Sciences 63, no. 7-8 (April 6, 2011): 1413–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s12665-011-1040-x.

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Parnell, John, Stephen A. Bowden, David Muirhead, Nigel Blamey, Frances Westall, René Demets, Sasha Verchovsky, Franz Brandstätter, and André Brack. "Preservation of organic matter in the STONE 6 artificial meteorite experiment." Icarus 212, no. 1 (March 2011): 390–402. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.icarus.2010.11.029.

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Lee, Chan Hee, Jihyun Cho, and Sung Mi Park. "A Study on Petrographic Characteristics and Provenance for the Rock Properties from Dorim-ri Tombs of Baekje Kingdom in Cheonan, Korea." Journal of Conservation Science 37, no. 5 (October 31, 2021): 477–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.12654/jcs.2021.37.5.06.

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We analyzed the provenance and petrographic characteristics for the rock properties from stone-lined tomb and stone chamber tomb at the Dorim-ri site of the Baekje Kingdom, located in Cheonan. The two tombs consist of 10 kinds of rocks including gneiss, diorite, and andesite. The major rock type is gneiss (54.3%), which composes the main chamber walls of the tombs. Diorite (11.3%) and andesite (10.6%) also make up a large percentage of the rocks, tending to be used to fill the space between the main chamber walls. Thus, the stones appear to have been used according to their shape and the disposition of the site, respectively. Investigation of their provenance, confirmed their source area to be near the Ipjang Reservoir, about 1 km away from the site, and their procurement was probably conducted via a waterway. This result might serve as basic data regarding the material procurement system of ancient tomb culture and for preservation measures for archaeological sites.

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Hasan, Hafidh, and Sri Haryani Anwar. "PENGENALAN DAN PEMANFAATAN TUNGKU BIOMASA DENGAN PEMBAKARAN BERSIH BAGI PENGUSAHA IKAN KAYU (KEUMAMAH) DI KOTA BANDA ACEH." JUARA: Jurnal Wahana Abdimas Sejahtera 2, no. 1 (January 24, 2021): 43. http://dx.doi.org/10.25105/juara.v2i1.8726.

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<p>Keumamah is made from the preservation of eastern little tuna (Euthynnus affinis). For keumamah production, boiling of fresh eastern little tuna in water, is one of the main process which requires a lot of energy. The keumamah producers utilize three-stone like stove with wood biomass as the fuel. The stove adoption is economically motivated since the fuel is cheaper than other form of commercial energy and relatively easy to obtain. However, the stove is inefficient and wasting the wood. Inefficient burning of wood releases smoke and volatile organic compounds (VOC) which are dangerous to human health and harmful for the environment. Therefore, in this community development program, two keumamah producers, located near Lampulo fish harbour - in Banda Aceh, were introduced to better practices in utilizing biomass wood as energy source. They were firstly given the information on the reverse impacts on health and environment introduced by three-stone like stove. The team has developed an improved biomass stove with improved efficiency, less fuel consumption and much cleaner combustion. Later this clean better design biomass stove with its advantages was introduced. From the test of performance, the stoves showed: 1) faster cooking time; 2) reduce fuel consumption by nearly 30%; 3) reduced smoke; and 4) flexible usage of working space with modular design. It is the intentions of this program for the stove to benefit the keumamah producers and their workers with less expending for fuel and cleaner work environment. </p>

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Autiero, Francesca, Giuseppina De Martino, Marco Di Ludovico, Annamaria Mauro, and Andrea Prota. "Multidrum Stone Columns at the Pompeii Archaeological Site: Analysis of Geometrical Properties and State of Preservation." Heritage 3, no. 4 (September 25, 2020): 1069–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/heritage3040059.

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The seismic vulnerability of ancient free-standing multidrum stone columns is an important issue for the preservation of Greek and Roman archaeological sites. Such elements show a complex and highly non-linear dynamic behavior, requiring specific and sophisticated structural analysis. Different numerical studies on the dynamic behavior of ancient multidrum stone columns found that their seismic response is sensitive to their geometrical parameters, as well as to the material elastic properties, the kinetic coefficient of friction and the amplitude and frequency of the seismic action. Therefore, in the present research, a detailed survey of free-standing multidrum stone columns representative of a wide range of elements at the Pompeii Archaeological site was developed to provide a primary evaluation of the seismic vulnerability of such elements based on their geometrical properties. The study focuses on 103 multidrum grey-tuff columns, from four areas at the site: tetrastyle atrium of Casa del Fauno at Regio VI and Quadriportico dei Teatri, Foro Triangolare and Palestra Sannitica at Regio VIII. Grey tuff was a typically locally sourced natural stone, used as a building material in ancient Pompeii. The research areas included both private (Casa del Fauno) and public buildings (Quadriportico dei Teatri, Foro Triangolare and Palestra Sannitica). The mean overall geometrical properties affecting the seismic behavior of the columns in each research area and the discussion of the collected results are herein presented.

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Martins, Ramilo Nogueira, Ben-Hur Mattiuz, Leandra Oliveira Santos, Cristiane Maria Ascari Morgado, and Claudia Fabrino Machado Mattiuz. "Preservation of minimally processed 'aurora-1' peaches using additives." Revista Brasileira de Fruticultura 33, no. 4 (December 2011): 1229–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/s0100-29452011000400023.

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'Aurora-1' peaches establishes an interesting alternative as a minimally processed product, due to its characteristics like flavor, color, smell, and also because of its handling resistance. However, it has a short shelf life after a fresh-cut due to enzymatic browning and stone cavity collapse. The main purpose of this research was to test the additive with antioxidant effect to prevent browning in minimally processed 'Aurora-1' peaches. The minimal processing consists of washing, sanitizing, peelings and fruit stone extraction. After that, longitudinal cuts were made to obtain eight segments per fruit. The slices were immersed into the following treatment solutions: control (immersion in 2% ascorbic acid); 2% ascorbic acid + 2% calcium chloride; 1% sodium isoascorbate; 1% citric acid; 1% L-cysteine hydrochloride. The products were placed into rigid polystyrene trays branded MEIWA M-54, covered with 14 µm PVC film (OmnifilmTM) and kept in cold storage at 3ºC ± 2ºC and 65% RH for twelve days, and evaluated each three days. Appraised variables were appearance, soluble solids, titratable acidity, soluble carbohydrates and reducing sugars, total and soluble pectin, ascorbic acid, and peroxidase and polyphenol oxidase enzyme activity. L-cysteine gave to the minimally processed products a shelf life of twelve days, limmited by off-flavor. The treatment with ascorbic acid was efficient to maintainthe ascorbic acid content, with a shelf-life of nine days, limited by enzymatic browning.

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Yoo, Ji Hyun, Myoungju Choie, Myeong Seong Lee, and Yuri Kim. "Study on the Material and Deterioration Characteristics of the Stone Seated Buddha Triad and Stone Standing Buddha in Bijung-ri, Cheongju, Korea." Journal of Conservation Science 37, no. 6 (December 31, 2021): 778–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.12654/jcs.2021.37.6.15.

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The Stone Seated Buddha Triad and Stone Standing Buddha in Bijung-ri are state-designated heritage (treasure) statues having the Buddha style of the Goryeo dynasty from the 6th century. Conservation scientific investigations were conducted to understand the preservation status of these stone Buddha statues and to establish a conservation plan. The Stone Seated Buddha Triad and Stone Standing Buddha are composed of fine-medium grained biotite granite, which is considered to be of the same origin owing to their low magnetic susceptibility distribution of less than 0.2 (×10-3 SI unit) and similar mineral characteristics. The Stone Seated Buddha Triad has highly homogenous mineral composition and particle size, whole-rock magnetic susceptibility, and geochemical characteristics very similar to those of the nearby outcrop. It was confirmed that a combination of physical, chemical, and biological factors affects the Stone Buddha statues. In particular, both the Stone Seated Buddha Triad and Stone Standing Buddha tend to be chipped off from the front and cracked and scaled from the back. The Stone Standing Buddha located outdoors experiences granularity decomposition and black algae formation, which accelerate the weathering under unfavorable conservation environments. The result of non-destructive physical property diagnosis using ultrasonic velocity showed that both the Stone Seated Buddha Triad and Stone Standing Buddha have been completely weathered (CW), indicating very poor physical properties.

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Ajoma Simon Okwoche, Emeka Emmanuel Okonkwo, and Tawo Alfred Oyong. "Ethnographic Studies of Bakor Stone Monolith and Their Implication to Tourism Development." Lakhomi Journal Scientific Journal of Culture 2, no. 4 (December 30, 2021): 171–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.33258/lakhomi.v2i4.556.

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Monoliths in the Cross River State of Nigerian are found in a circular form, they are commonly known as Bakor or Ikom monoliths, because of the universality in conceptualisation and the configuration of the stones, they are sometimes referred to in this research as stone circles. Bakor speaking communities hold a large number of magnificent stone carvings called Bakor monoliths which exhibit a high level of artistic, qualities, and creative awareness by the ancient civilisation that creates them. The study is aimed at examining monoliths in Bakor LGA, to ascertain the socio-cultural and religious beliefs associated with these monoliths and their contributions to tourism development in Cross River State. A mixed-method of qualitative and quantitative research was employed. The result reveals that Cross River State monoliths have the potentials of attracting tourists, and are valued by host communities. However, the monoliths are under human and natural threats. The paper advocates that if Bakor monoliths are developed for cultural tourism, it will create job opportunities, improve the living standard of the host community, generate revenue, and guaranty their preservation, among others.

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Nadel, Dani, Dolores R. Piperno, Irene Holst, Ainit Snir, and Ehud Weiss. "New evidence for the processing of wild cereal grains at Ohalo II, a 23 000-year-old campsite on the shore of the Sea of Galilee, Israel." Antiquity 86, no. 334 (December 2012): 990–1003. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0003598x00048201.

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Traces of starch found on a large flat stone discovered in the hunter-fisher-gatherer site of Ohalo II famously represent the first identification of Upper Palaeolithic grinding of grasses. Given the importance of this discovery for the use of edible grain, further analyses have now been undertaken. Meticulous sampling combined with good preservation allow the authors to demonstrate that the Ohalo II stone was certainly used for the routine processing of wild cereals, wheat, barley and now oats among them, around 23 000 years ago.

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SAITO, Sakae, Ryoji TAKUMA, Yoshihiro MASUDA, Toshimasa KONISHI, Youngran LEE, and Kurumi ICHIYAMA. "STUDY ON RESTORATION AND PRESERVATION OF OYA STONE PARTS OF THE MYONICHIKAN." AIJ Journal of Technology and Design 16, no. 34 (2010): 1165–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.3130/aijt.16.1165.

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Nicar, Michael J., Ming Chue Hsu, Travis Johnson, and Charles Y. C. Pak. "The Preservation of Urine Samples for Determination of Renal Stone Risk Factors." Laboratory Medicine 18, no. 6 (June 1, 1987): 382–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/labmed/18.6.382.

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Luders, Eileen, and Nicolas Cherbuin. "Searching for the philosopher's stone: promising links between meditation and brain preservation." Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences 1373, no. 1 (May 17, 2016): 38–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/nyas.13082.

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Terlikowski, Wojciech, Ewa Sobczyńska, Martyna Gregoriou-Szczepaniak, and Kacper Wasilewski. "Natural and Synthetic Polymers Used in the Preservation of Historical Stone Buildings." IOP Conference Series: Materials Science and Engineering 661 (November 20, 2019): 012135. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1757-899x/661/1/012135.

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Langejans, Geeske H. J. "Remains of the day-preservation of organic micro-residues on stone tools." Journal of Archaeological Science 37, no. 5 (May 2010): 971–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jas.2009.11.030.

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Bell, F. G. "Durability of carbonate rock as building stone with comments on its preservation." Environmental Geology 21, no. 4 (August 1993): 187–200. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf00775905.

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Coumel, Laurent. "Victoria DONOVAN, Chronicles in Stone. Preservation, Patriotism, and Identity in Northwest Russia." Cahiers du monde russe 63, no. 3-4 (December 2, 2022): 923–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.4000/monderusse.13788.

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Rives, Vicente, and Jacinta Garcia Talegon. "Decay and Conservation of Building Stones on Cultural Heritage Monuments." Materials Science Forum 514-516 (May 2006): 1689–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.514-516.1689.

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Preservation of our Historical Cultural Heritage built in stone requires studies on the material itself, on the environment where the monument is located, and even on the microclimate affecting a particular stone in the building. The knowledge of the decay processes, as well as mechanisms governing these processes, and the real effect of factors depending on the intrinsic properties of the material to be studied, and external agents of decay, will allow a rationale use of these materials and to anticipate their behaviour beforehand, in order to success in restoration

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Heinrichs, K., and R. Azzam. "Investigation of Salt Weathering on Stone Monuments by Use of a Modern Wireless Sensor Network Exemplified for the Rock-Cut Monuments in Petra/Jordan – A Research Project (2010 – 2013)." International Journal of Heritage in the Digital Era 1, no. 2 (June 2012): 191–215. http://dx.doi.org/10.1260/2047-4970.1.2.191.

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Experience has shown that salt weathering represents a major cause of damage on stone monuments. Despite many years of intensive research, processes of salt weathering still can not be explained satisfactorily. The lack of knowledge impedes reliable damage prognosis as well as selection and implementation of appropriate and sustainable monument preservation measures. The overall aim of the “petraSalt” research project is to improve knowledge of salt weathering on stone monuments. The methodological approach combines assessment of weathering damage and monument exposure characteristics, laboratory analysis of salt loading and continuous monument environmental monitoring by use of innovative wireless sensor network technology. In order to ensure findings of high transferability, the rock-cut monuments of Petra / Jordan were selected for studies, as stone type and spectra of monument exposure regimes, environmental influences, salt loading and weathering damage are very representative for a multitude of stone monuments worldwide.

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Basu, Sudeshna, Scott Allan Orr, and Yasemin D. Aktas. "A Geological Perspective on Climate Change and Building Stone Deterioration in London: Implications for Urban Stone-Built Heritage Research and Management." Atmosphere 11, no. 8 (July 26, 2020): 788. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/atmos11080788.

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The decay rates of building stones and, the processes leading to their deterioration is governed by intrinsic properties such as texture, mineralogy, porosity and pore size distribution, along with other extrinsic factors related to the climate and anthropogenic activities. For urban cities such as London, the influence of extrinsic factors like temperature and rainfall, as well as the concentrations of air pollutants, such as sulphur and nitrogen oxides, along with the emissions of carbonaceous aerosols, can be particularly significant. While considering the long-term preservation of building stones used in various heritage sites in the city, it is imperative to consider how the stone could be affected by the changing air pollutant concentrations, superimposed on the effects of climate change in the region, including rising average annual temperature and precipitation with a hotter, drier summer and, warmer, wetter winter months. This paper deals with the intrinsic rock properties of the common building stones of London, including limestone, marble, granite, sandstone, slate, flint as well as bricks, building on known characteristics including strength and durability that determine how and where they are placed in a building structure. The study reviews how these stones decay due to different processes such as salt weathering in sandstone, microcracking of quartz with kaolinisation of K-feldspar and biotite in granite and dissolution of calcite and dolomite, followed by precipitation of sulphate minerals in the carbonate rocks of limestone and marble. In the urban environment of London, with progressive build up in the concentration of atmospheric nitrogen oxides leading to an increasingly acidic environment and, with predicted climate change, the diverse stone-built heritage will be affected. For example, there can be enhanced carbonate dissolution in limestone with increased annual precipitation. Due to the prolonged wetter winter, any sandstone building stone will also undergo greater damage with a deeper wetting front. On the other hand, due to predicted wetter and warmer winter months, microcracking of any plagioclase in a granite is unlikely, thereby reducing the access of fluid and air pollutants to the Ca-rich core of the zoned crystals limiting the process of sericitisation. Management of the building stones in London should include routine expert visual inspection for signs of deterioration, along with mineralogical and compositional analyses and assessment of any recession rate.

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Brahmantara, Brahmantara. "PENGGUNAAN SANDAL KHUSUS UNTUK PENCEGAHAN KEAUSAN BATU CANDI BOROBUDUR." Jurnal Konservasi Cagar Budaya 16, no. 1 (June 30, 2022): 3–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.33374/jurnalkonservasicagarbudaya.v16i1.261.

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The use of mass tourism has several negative impacts on the preservation of Borobudur Temple. One of them is the condition of wear and tear on the stone stairs and floors. From the survey results and calculation of the percentage of stone wear of Borobudur Temple on the west and north side of the stone stairs are 63.39% and 27.84%, while on the south side stone stairs are 30.96%. One of the efforts to minimize wear and tear is the use of special sandals. This particular sandal study aims to obtain a prototype of footwear (sandals) that meet the criteria for durability, ergonomics and visual harmony (DEKS), as well as an effort to increase community participation through empowering local MSMEs (Micro, Small and Medium Enterprises). The research method went through two stages, namely: laboratory testing of sandal material samples, and the manufacture of special sandals. The results of the study concluded that the use of sandals can have an effect on efforts to prevent an increase in the power of the temple stones on the stairs and floors. Friction test results show that the type of sponge material has a lower level of hardness than the type of stone sponge, so it has a low impact on wear. Based on the criteria required in the formulation of the problem, the prototype design is made in three types, namely; prototypes I, II and III. This particular sandal is designed with the brand “Upanat Barabudur”. Taken from the inscription on the relief of Karmawibhangga panel 150 which means 'footwear'. Viewed from the perspective of historical and philosophical values, the use of special footwear is useful in an effort to minimize wear and tear and as a conservation education medium for visitors.

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Šabatová, Klára, Ivana Jarošová, Ludmila Kaňáková, David Parma, Antonín Přichystal, František Trampota, Lenka Vargová, and Kateřina Vymazalová. "Hrob s kamennou konstrukcí ze střední doby bronzové z Mikulova - A grave with a stone construction from the Middle Bronze Age from Mikulov, south Moravia." Archeologické rozhledy 72, no. 2 (October 15, 2020): 194–237. http://dx.doi.org/10.35686/ar.2020.7.

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A grave dated to the Middle Bronze Age with two burials in stone chambers represents a unique find in Moravia. The grave was the solitary feature from the given period at the excavation site, without any barrow identified. Part of the stone used for the construction is querns from a 40 km distant source, most of the structure is made of local limestone. Both burials – a child and an adult – were deposited simultaneously and furnished with personal jewellery and grave goods. Organic residues and use-wear traces were recorded on bronze artefacts. The grave inventory also includes a stone axe from uncommon stone material – eclogite. Based on a typological analysis and a series of radiocarbon dates, the entire unit is dated to the middle stage of the Tumulus culture, at the turn of the 15th and 14th century BC. The preservation of anthropological material, the exclusive interior construction, the furnishing of both burials and modern documentation represent an exceptional data source for the knowledge of the Middle Bronze Age society and its burial practices. Middle Bronze Age – south Moravia – grave – stone construction – querns

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Pappalardo, Giovanna, Simone Mineo, Davide Caliò, and Annamaria Bognandi. "Evaluation of Natural Stone Weathering in Heritage Building by Infrared Thermography." Heritage 5, no. 3 (September 6, 2022): 2594–614. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/heritage5030135.

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The application of non-contact diagnostic methodologies is the current challenge in the frame of the cultural heritage, referred to as preservation, monitoring and restoration. Inspired by the potential shown by infrared thermography in rock mechanics’ non-destructive applications, this paper presents the results achieved by its use for the quick survey of different weathering types affecting natural stones at historical buildings. Infrared thermography allowed recognizing and mapping the different surface temperatures arising from the presence of efflorescence, subflorescence, alveolization, black crusts and bioweathering at limestone and basalt stones. Infrared data were sided by photogrammetric three-dimensional models of surveyed spots, which provided quantitative data on the thickness of rock affected by mechanical weathering, and key correspondence between the two techniques is highlighted. Achieved results show that infrared outcomes are related to different aspects primarily involving the stone face morphology and color, as well as the environmental conditions at the surveying time. Provided interpretations were validated by field visual inspections, which confirmed the good potential of infrared thermography as a quick weathering diagnostic tool. This study can be therefore considered a starting reference for knowledge development in this scientific field.

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