Relevant bibliographies by topics / Stone preservation

Academic literature on the topic 'Stone preservation'

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Published: 10 March 2023

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Journal articles on the topic "Stone preservation"

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Mahar, Naveed A., Harris H. Qureshi, Ghulam M. Kalhoro, Riaz A. Laghari, Syed A. Shah, Maryam Saeed, and Rehan Mohsen. "Anatrophic Nehphrolithotomy: Preservation of Renal Function and Stone Clearance Rate." Pakistan Journal of Medical and Health Sciences 16, no. 8 (August 31, 2022): 54–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.53350/pjmhs2216854.

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Aim: To assess the outcomes of anatrophic nephrolithotomy in terms of stone clearance and change in renal function. Study design: Observational study Place and duration of study: Department of Urology Sindh Institute of Urology & Transplantation, Karachi from 1st January 2016 to 31st December 2021. Methodology: Fifty patients who underwent anatrophic nephrolithotomy from were enrolled. Outcomes were measured in terms of stone clearance, change in pre and post procedure eGFR, serum creatinine and differential renal function on renal scan (MAG-3 scan). Results: There were 30 (60%) males and 20 (40%) females with mean age was 5.96±13.09 years. Post-operative serum creatinine and eGFR were compared with pre-operative values and no statistically significant difference observed. Comparison of pre-operative and post-operative 99mTc-mercaptoacetyltriglycine (MAG3) scans revealed statistically significant mild loss of renal function with p-value of0.376. Conclusion: Anatrophic nephrolithotomy can be an alternative for multi tract PCNL when there is huge stone burden as it yields excellent stone clearance, and it can be practiced fearlessly for large staghorn stones because they can become the frequent cause of infections and mortality. Although parenchymal damage after anatrophic nephrolithotomy is of concern, renal dysfunction is usually clinically insignificant. Key words: Anatrophic nephrolithotomy, Staghorn stone, Renal calculi
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Dionísio, Amélia, Edite Martinho, Carlos Grangeia, and Fernando Almeida. "Examples of the Use of Non-Invasive Techniques for the Evaluation of Stone Decay in Portugal." Key Engineering Materials 548 (April 2013): 239–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.548.239.

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Today experts agree that precise damage diagnosis is the key to comprehensive characterization, interpretation, rating and prediction of stone damage. It provides vital information for monument conservation and sustainable preservation. Better understanding of the stones used in monuments and the factors, processes and characteristics involved in stone decay is therefore essential to the sustainable preservation of cultural heritage. A frequent and major obstacle to studying stone decay in monuments is the impossibility of touching or obtaining samples for study in the laboratory or even in-situ. The aim of this paper is to present the results of three non-invasive geophysical (3-D electrical resistivity and seismic refraction) and geochemical (soluble salts typology and distribution) techniques, that were used to diagnose stone damage in case studies involving Portuguese cultural heritage. Different techniques were applied based on decay typology or observed phenomena.
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Zenk, Johannes, Michael Koch, Nils Klintworth, Barbara König, Katharina Konz, M. Boyd Gillespie, and Heinrich Iro. "Sialendoscopy in the Diagnosis and Treatment of Sialolithiasis." Otolaryngology–Head and Neck Surgery 147, no. 5 (June 29, 2012): 858–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0194599812452837.

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Objective Sialendoscopy and other gland-preserving techniques such as extracorporeal shockwave lithotripsy (ESWL), transoral stone removal, and combinations of these methods have fundamentally changed the therapeutic approach to salivary stones. Since 2003, all patients presenting with sialolithiasis have been diagnosed and treated with the same algorithm and routine salivary gland endoscopy (SGE). Study Design Case series with chart review of patients with sialolithiasis treated between 2003 and 2008 using an algorithm for gland preservation. Setting Tertiary referral academic medical center. Subjects and Methods A total of 1154 patients with suspected sialolithiasis were identified and reviewed. Factors analyzed included stone location, size, surgical method, rate of stone clearance, complications, and rate of short- and long-term symptom resolution. Successful treatment was defined as freedom from symptoms at follow-up. Results Diagnostic sialendoscopy confirmed 221 parotid stones and 812 submandibular stones, of which 206 and 736, respectively, were treated. Transoral stone removal was the most frequently used method to remove submandibular stones (92%), with a smaller percentage able to be removed by SGE alone (5%) with long-term success rates ≥90%. Only 4% (29/736) required submandibular gland removal. Parotid stones were removed by SGE (22%), combined SGE and incisional technique (26%), or ESWL (52%), with long-term success rates of 98%, 89%, and 79%, respectively. Only 8 of 206 (4%) patients eventually required parotidectomy. Conclusion Salivary gland endoscopy is an important diagnostic and therapeutic tool in the management of sialolithiasis but must be combined with additional techniques to ensure a high rate of stone clearance, symptom resolution, and gland preservation.
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Botti, C., R. Olmi, V. Bertoni, A. Filoni, B. Baisi, and P. Ferrari. "Indications and Percutaneous Treatment of Renal Staghorn Stones." Urologia Journal 65, no. 4 (August 1998): 540–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/039156039806500413.

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The treatment of renal staghorn stones by PCN-monotherapy or PCN-debulking with subsequent ESWL is reported. From 1984 to 1997, 111 patients were treated for staghorn stones, 69 of whom had pyelitic stones involving one calyx only while more than one calyx was involved in the remaining 35 as follows: 32 simple (pyelic stone + 2 or more calyces involved) and 3 complex (all calyces involved). Of the 104 patients treated with PCN-monotherapy or combined with subsequent ESWL, 86 became stone-free (82.6%). Furthermore there were few complications, less morbidity and greater preservation of renal function compared to open surgery.
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MIYAKE, Masahiro, and Takeaki SHONO. "The preservation of stone infrastructures and wall structure using locally produced stones." INFRASTRUCTURE PLANNING REVIEW 22 (2005): 371–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.2208/journalip.22.371.

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Goffredo, Giovanni, and Placido Munafò. "Preservation of Historical Stone Surfaces by TiO2 Nanocoatings." Coatings 5, no. 2 (June 19, 2015): 222–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/coatings5020222.

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Scheffler, Michael J. "Thin-Stone Veneer Building Facades: Evolution and Preservation." APT Bulletin 32, no. 1 (2001): 27. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/1504690.

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Tuminello, William H., Susanna Bracci, and Franco Piacenti. "New Developments in Fluorinated Materials for Stone Preservation." APT Bulletin 33, no. 4 (2002): 19. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/1504804.

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Gauri, K. Lal. "Decay and preservation of stone in modern environments." Environmental Geology and Water Sciences 15, no. 1 (January 1990): 45–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf01704880.

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Boothby, Thomas E., Cecilia J. Rusnak, and Linda Black Weber. "Hunterdon County's Stone-Arch Bridges: History, Technology, and Preservation." APT Bulletin 30, no. 2/3 (1999): 26. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/1504637.

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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Stone preservation"

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Williams, Emily. "Stories in stone : memorialization, the creation of history and the role of preservation." Thesis, University of Leicester, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/2381/42287.

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In 1851 and 1866, Alexander Dunlop, a free black living in Williamsburg, VA, purchased tombstones to commemorate the lives of his father-in-law, Robert F. Hill, and of his wife, Lucy Ann Dunlop. Such purchases were rarities among Virginia’s free black community, and these particular gravestones are made more significant by Dunlop’s choice of text, his political advocacy, and the racialized rhetoric of the period. Buried by a white church in the 1920s and later by the Colonial Williamsburg Foundation, the tombstones were rediscovered in 2004 and became the center of a long-term conservation initiative, which ended in 2016. This thesis examines the story of the tombstones, contrasting them with other regional memory projects, such as the remembrance of the Civil War dead and the erection of monuments to the Lost Cause. The research utilizes a fusion of object biography and micro-historical approaches that allows the strength of each approach to be adopted while rejecting some of their limitations. Data from a regional survey of nineteenth-century cemeteries, historical accounts, literary sources, and the visual arts are woven together to explore the agentive relationships between monuments, their commissioners, their creators, their viewers and the ways in which memory is created and contested and how this impacts the history we learn and preserve.
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Falchi, Laura <1985&gt. "Study of innovative water repellent systems for the preservation and restoration of artificial stone materials." Doctoral thesis, Università Ca' Foscari Venezia, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/10579/3969.

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The thesis deals with the study and development of water repellent mortars, made with water- repellent admixtures , suitable for the protection, maintenance and restoration of historical and civil buidings. This study deals with the damage processes due to the action of water (both as direct action and or as carrier of pollutants and soluble salts) on the building materials and evaluates the durability of water-repellent mortars in different environmental conditions. The study considers the interactions of different water repellent admixtures on the hydration reactions of some binders and the resistance to the physical degradation due to the crystallization of soluble salts or the exposure to UV light and rain. Some mixes were applied also on salty masonries. Different analytical techniques (FT-IR, TG-DSC, SEM-EDX, XRD), test according to the european normative, porosimetric ultrasonic measurements and IR- thermography were used.
Il lavoro di tesi riguarda lo studio di malte idrorepellenti preparate con l’utilizzo di additivi idrofobizzanti per la protezione, la manutenzione e il recupero delle superfici architettoniche storiche e civili. Questo studio considera in particolare i processi di degrado causati dalla presenza di acqua (per azione diretta o come mezzo di trasporto di inquinanti e sali solubili) sui materiali dell’edilizia e valuta la durabilità di malte idrorepellenti in varie condizioni ambientali. Lo studio ha considerato l’influenza di diversi additivi idrorepellenti sull’idratazione di alcuni leganti e la resistenza all’azione di degrado fisico conseguente la cristallizzazione di Sali o l’esposizione a radiazioni UV e alla pioggia. Alcuni impasti sono stati applicati su modelli di murature sottoposti a risalita capillare di soluzioni saline. Lo sviluppo della ricerca ha previsto il ricorso a numerose tecniche analitiche (FT-IR, TG-DSC, SEM-EDX, XRD, MIP), test normati e analisi non invasive.
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Abdi, Nasser, of Western Sydney Hawkesbury University, of Science Technology and Agriculture Faculty, and Centre for Horticulture and Plant Sciences. "Development of biochemical and physiological indices of maturity of dessert stone fruit in relation to cool storage." THEIES_FST_HPS_Abdi_N.xml, 1998. http://handle.uws.edu.au:8081/1959.7/32.

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The aim of this research was to develop a new harvest maturity index for highly coloured stone fruit that is not affected by seasonal or climatic factors. The judgement of commercial maturity is difficult with some cultivars of stone fruit because they develop intense skin pigmentation several days before they are ripe. Studies of the changes of the physiochemical and physiological parameters associated with ripening confirmed that no single measurement is suitable for the assessment of harvest maturity in the Japanese type plum cultivars(Prunus salicina Lindl). Two distinct patterns of ripening behaviour were identified. The cool storage (0 degrees Centigrade) responses of fruit harvested at three stages of maturity were examined. Total soluble proteins were extracted and separated from fruit during maturation and ripening using 2-dimensional gel electrophoresis. At least three proteins were first detected in fruit at optimum commercial harvest maturity. Since Gulfruby, Beauty and Rubyred (Japanese type plum cultivars) accumulated similar concentrations of aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylic acid(ACC), it was suggested that the suppressed-climacteric phenotype is the result of an impaired ability of the fruit to convert this compound to ethylene
Doctor of Philosophy (PhD) (Ph.D.)
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Tuinstra, Diane R. "A preservation plan, long-term maintenance plan, and adaptive use plan for the Judge Earl S. Stone House, Noblesville, Indiana." Virtual Press, 2003. http://liblink.bsu.edu/uhtbin/catkey/1265090.

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The Judge Earl Stone House, built in 1849, is one of the oldest existing structures in Noblesville, Indiana, the county seat of Hamilton County, which is located immediately north of Indianapolis and Marion County. Originally built as a residence, it has been used for commercial purposes since the middle of the twentieth century. Last occupied in 1998 when it was used as a gift store, it has remained vacant, causing its condition to deteriorate.This creative project documents the current condition of the building, offers recommendations for the preservation of the exterior and foundation of the structure, provides a maintenance schedule to prevent further deterioration, and recommends two adaptive reuses.
Department of Architecture
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Cabello, Briones Cristina. "The effects of open shelters on the preservation of limestone remains at archaeological sites." Thesis, University of Oxford, 2015. http://ora.ox.ac.uk/objects/uuid:cfefc6db-4b4f-4ef8-bff3-07795e2767fc.

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Shelters, as preventive conservation methods, have traditionally been considered a better option than leaving the site exposed. However, there has been limited research on their effect on the preservation of heritage materials and, as a result, there is no clear scientific evidence to support sheltering. This study aims to provide the first rigorous scientific assessment of the effect of lightweight, open shelters on limestone deterioration at archaeological sites. A method based on the use of low-cost environmental monitoring equipment and limestone blocks and tablets (as indicators of decay) has been developed to determine the degree of protection provided by the shelters at the Bishop' Palace (Witney, England) and Hagar Qim (Malta). Preliminary visual assessments of the field sites were followed by 12-18 month exposure trials. Temperature extremes and fluctuations, frost events, relative humidity extremes and fluctuations, NaCl crystallisation events, solar radiation, wetting events, salt content, atmospheric pollutants and dust deposition were monitored. In addition, stone decay was studied by analysing changes in weight, elasticity, surface hardness, ultrasonic pulse velocity, surface colour, moisture content and general appearance (microscopic and macroscopic pictures) in stone samples. An exhaustive assessment of the shelter at the Bishop's Palace was carried out using Chalk, Cotswold and Portland limestone blocks as well as Portland limestone tablets (specifically for studying dissolution, soiling and biological growth). Additionally, a comparative assessment of the effects of the two shelters in contrasting climatic environments, the Bishop's Palace (temperate maritime) and Hagar Qim (Mediterranean), was undertaken by monitoring Globigerina and Coralline limestone blocks simultaneously at both sites. The research has shown that lightweight, open shelters do not exclude decay completely but minimise it. However, there are some areas at higher risk of decay, i.e. top parts of the walls and the periphery. In addition, problems with the shelter design can enhance some decay mechanisms, such as biocolonisation on the periphery at the Bishop's Palace and dust deposition under the shelter at Hagar Qim. Therefore, the effectiveness of shelters should not be assumed.
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Graue, Birte Johanna Verfasser], Siegfried [Akademischer Betreuer] [Siegesmund, and Rolf [Akademischer Betreuer] Snethlage. "Stone deterioration and replacement of natural building stones at the Cologne cathedral - A contribution to the preservation of cultural heritage / Birte Johanna Graue. Gutachter: Siegfried Siegesmund ; Rolf Snethlage. Betreuer: Siegfried Siegesmund." Göttingen : Niedersächsische Staats- und Universitätsbibliothek Göttingen, 2013. http://d-nb.info/1044871709/34.

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Sauer, James Thomas. "The Chicago Store: Preservation + Residential Urban Density." Thesis, The University of Arizona, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/244775.

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This thesis, completed in an architectural design studio, addresses the conflicts between, and potential compatibilities of, historic preservation and urban residential density through consideration of the specific case of downtown Tucson’s very low residential density and two commercial buildings therein. 128 and 130 E Congress Street, constructed in 1903, are listed on the National Register of Historic Places and have housed the JC Penney Company (1927 - 1957) and the Chicago Store music store (1967 - today). A 20,000 square foot, three story residential addition above the existing building is proposed. Appropriate rehabilitation of existing underutilized historic buildings is considered simultaneously with the introduction of vertical residential additions. Many issues of compatible yet distinct additions are addressed including: scale, mass, material, and form; structure and circulation; efficient indoor/outdoor residences; and the poetics of old and new and the liminal spaces between. These issues are examined through photography, diagrams, text, architectural drawings in orthographic and isometric projection, analysis of census data, analysis of architectural precedent, and architectural perspective renderings. Particular attention is paid to structural issues and a thorough analysis of preservation issues of significance, period of significance, character defining features, and integrity.
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Clark, Danielle. "Negotiating Stones: Immovable Cultural Heritage Preservation in the Event of Armed Conflict." Thesis, University of Oregon, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/1794/18527.

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This thesis proposes that cultural heritage preservation in the event of armed conflict is negotiated through four main frameworks: (1) a political framework of independent governments and UNESCO; (2) a legal framework of international conventions and agreements; (3) a civil framework including local communities and non-governmental organizations; and (4) an armed forces framework spanning military and militant groups. These four frameworks operate in conjunction with one another, at times in complementary or in contradictory ways. Given the intimate connection of immoveable cultural sites to the dynamics of cultural identity, it is assumed in this thesis that the intentional destruction of cultural heritage property is akin to the destruction of a group's cultural identity and to a greater extent a crucial component of ethnic cleansing in connection with social identity theory.
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Farrell, John Patrick. "If these stones could only speak : historical and cultural preservation in a Soviet context, 1955-1966 /." For electronic version search Digital dissertations database. Restricted to UC campuses. Access is free to UC campus dissertations, 2004. http://uclibs.org/PID/11984.

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Whitney, Sarah. "Nationalizing Nature: A Critique of the English National Trust Interpretation of Stowe Landscape Garden." Scholarship @ Claremont, 2018. http://scholarship.claremont.edu/cmc_theses/1805.

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This thesis analyzes the English National Trust’s interpretation of the making and reception of Stowe Landscape Garden. Specifically, this is a critique of the Trust’s narrative of nationalism, which is overlaid by the use of romantic interpretive themes. Arguably, Stowe’s first contribution was the combination of expressions of nature through landscape with architectural and sculptural monuments of Englishness. The National Trust, however, has combined interpretations of multiple landscape gardens across a century, thus blurring its actual significance. Stowe has been lumped into a jumbled framework of anachronistic landscape commentary much based in the literature of reception. The use of receptive history as fact to define concepts like ‘Englishness’, ‘Landscape Garden’, and the ‘Picturesque’ only further aid the unsustainable development of the historical landscape. Stowe is recognized as the most extensive extant landscape garden to exemplify contributions by the first four designers in the medium: Vanbrugh, Bridgeman, Kent, and Brown. Lancelot ‘Capability’ Brown’s place-making role in the history of English landscape, much derided by the proponents of the Picturesque, found its first expression at Stowe from 1740 to 1751. Thus, Stowe’s Brownian dominant landscape, of which the bones are still largely intact, should be used as the designated period of interpretation. In this way, the National Trust could fulfill a modern desire for connection to nature, and with greater specificity, diversity and transparency in historical accounts, expand the accessibility of ‘Englishness’ in the form the consummate national landscape garden.
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Books on the topic "Stone preservation"

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Weber, Helmut. Conservation of natural stone: Guidelines to consolidation, restoration, and preservation. Ehningen: Expert-Verlag, 1991.

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Koestler, R. J. Assessment of the susceptibility to biodeterioration of selected polymers and resins: Final report submitted to the Getty Conservation Institute. Marina del Rey, Calif: Getty Conservation Institute, 1988.

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1926-, Domasłowski Wiesław, and Uniwersytet Mikołaja Kopernika w Toruniu, eds. Preventive conservation of stone historical objects. Toruń: Wydawnictwo Uniwersytetu Mikołaja Kopernika, 2003.

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Prochazkova-Costa, Dana. The silent language of stone: On Maseru's architectural heritage. [Maseru: Epic Printers, 1990.

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Dreyer, Ellen. The glow stone. Atlanta: Peachtree, 2006.

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Stone, David. The find. New York: Rivercross Pub., 1995.

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Thessalonikēs, Archaiologiko Mouseio, ed. Lithos: Hēmerida syntērēsēs AMTh 2007. Thessalonikē: Archaiologiko Mouseio Thessalonikēs, 2008.

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Balin shi jian shang yu tou zi. Fuzhou: Hai chao she ying yi shu chu ban she, 2009.

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Changhua shi jian shang yu tou zi. Fuzhou Shi: Hai chao she ying yi shu chu ban she, 2009.

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G, Matero F., United States. National Park Service. Denver Service Center., United States. Office of National Capital Parks., and University of Pennsylvania. Architectural Conservation Laboratory., eds. Preservation of the Lincoln and Jefferson Memorials, Stone Conservation Program: Phase 1 : conservation treatment : research and design. [Philadelphia, PA: The University?, 1995.

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Book chapters on the topic "Stone preservation"

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Paradise, Tom, and Kaitlyn V. Fitzgerald. "Stone: Preservation and Conservation." In Encyclopedia of Global Archaeology, 10293–99. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-30018-0_491.

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Paradise, Tom, and Kaitlyn V. Fitzgerald. "Stone: Preservation and Conservation." In Encyclopedia of Global Archaeology, 1–7. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-51726-1_491-2.

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Paradise, Tom. "Stone: Preservation and Conservation." In Encyclopedia of Global Archaeology, 7071–76. New York, NY: Springer New York, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4419-0465-2_491.

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Boothby, Thomas E. "Conclusion: The Preservation of Analytical Methods." In Engineering Iron and Stone, 219–36. Reston, VA: American Society of Civil Engineers, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1061/9780784413838.ch16.

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Tratebas, Alice M. "Biodeterioration of Prehistoric Rock Art and Issues in Site Preservation." In Biodeterioration of Stone Surfaces, 195–228. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 2004. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4020-2845-8_12.

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Simon, Stefan. "Stone Treatments in Archaeological Conservation and Preservation." In Encyclopedia of Global Archaeology, 10287–91. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-30018-0_526.

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Simon, Stefan. "Stone Treatments in Archaeological Conservation and Preservation." In Encyclopedia of Global Archaeology, 7065–69. New York, NY: Springer New York, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4419-0465-2_526.

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Stefani, Chiara, Xavier Brunetaud, Sarah Janvier-Badosa, Kevin Beck, Livio De Luca, and Muzahim Al-Mukhtar. "3D Information System for the Digital Documentation and the Monitoring of Stone Alteration." In Progress in Cultural Heritage Preservation, 330–39. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-34234-9_33.

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Jroundi, Fadwa, Maria Teresa Gonzalez-Muñoz, and Carlos Rodriguez-Navarro. "Protection and Consolidation of Stone Heritage by Bacterial Carbonatogenesis." In Microorganisms in the Deterioration and Preservation of Cultural Heritage, 281–99. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-69411-1_13.

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AbstractFor millennia, artists and architects around the world used natural stone for the carving of sculptures and the construction of monuments, such as Roman, Greek, and Maya temples, the European cathedrals, and the Taj Mahal, just to name a few. Currently, the survival of these irreplaceable cultural and historical assets is under threat due to their continued degradation caused by various biotic and abiotic weathering processes that affect not only the aesthetic appearance of these structures, but also their durability and survival. The natural precipitation of calcium carbonate minerals by bacteria has been proposed for conservative interventions in monument restoration. This chapter reviews the application of biomineralization by (indigenous) bacterial carbonatogenesis as a novel technology for the protection and consolidation of altered ornamental materials. Carbonatogenesis is based on the ability of some bacteria to induce calcium carbonate precipitation. Laboratory and in situ results support the efficacy of bacterial carbonatogenesis, since remarkable protection and consolidation are achieved on the surface and in depth, without alterations in color or porosity, and without fostering the development of microbiota that could be harmful to the stone material. A discussion on the advantages of this novel biotechnology is provided. Challenges and future work on bioconsolidation of stone artifacts are also outlined.
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Ranalli, Giancarlo, and Elisabetta Zanardini. "The Role of Microorganisms in the Removal of Nitrates and Sulfates on Artistic Stoneworks." In Microorganisms in the Deterioration and Preservation of Cultural Heritage, 263–79. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-69411-1_12.

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AbstractThis chapter will focus on the role of microorganisms in the removal of nitrates and sulfates on artistic stoneworks. The main groups of microbes and their metabolisms involved in bioremoval methods for the preservation and protection of cultural artifacts are reported. The aim is to offer a comprehensive view on the role and potentiality of virtuous microorganisms in the biocleaning and bioremoval of black crusts and salts altering CH stoneworks. We highlight the importance of the use of the selected microorganisms and the adoption of adequate carriers for the anaerobic metabolism of nitrate and sulfate reducers to be applied on the altered stone surfaces. The following characteristics of the delivery system are of great importance: the ability to guarantee water content for microbes, the absence of toxicity for the environment, no negative effects to the stone surfaces, easy to prepare, to apply, and to remove from different stone surfaces at the end of the treatment. We report an overview of the last 30 years on the biocleaning processes including diagnostic studies of the alterations, the assessment of associated risks, the effectiveness and efficacy of the proposed method, and the evaluation in terms of economic and environmental sustainability.
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Conference papers on the topic "Stone preservation"

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Parisi, Erica Isabella, and Jakub Tyc. "MULTI-SCALE AND MULTI-DOMAIN APPROACHES FOR CULTURAL TERRACED LANDSCAPES." In ARQUEOLÓGICA 2.0 - 9th International Congress & 3rd GEORES - GEOmatics and pREServation. Editorial Universitat Politécnica de Valéncia: Editorial Universitat Politécnica de Valéncia, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.4995/arqueologica9.2021.12144.

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This contribution reports the activities carried out by LamoLab, a non-governmental organization for multi-domain and multi-scale research applied to cultural terraced landscapes. Terracing and dry-stone walling have been internationally recognized as carriers of cultural values and traditional knowledge. Lamole in Chianti (Italy) has served as a primary case study of terraced vineyards, where interdisciplinary research has been converging for almost a decade. The evolution of multi-sensor data acquisition in different spectral ranges, data-driven modelling and multi-scalar approaches performed over the years are mentioned, with specific attention to the evaluation of microclimate variations induced by dry-stone walls and how they affect plant growth, ripening, and production. The results already obtained from data processing and analysis are described, although the work is still progressing. The ongoing research and future projects of LamoLab are reported for developing methodologies to understand the parameters that are critical for the effective restoration and functioning of the dry-stone walled vineyards and construct performance-oriented design strategies to enable knowledge-based design processes.
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Vasconcelos, G., F. M. Fernandes, C. Alves, and L. F. Ramos. "Assessment of the stability conditions of an ancient stone masonry tower." In REHAB 2014 - International Conference on Preservation, Maintenance and Rehabilitation of Historical Buildings and Structures. Green Lines Institute for Sustainable Development, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.14575/gl/rehab2014/104.

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Alves, C., G. Vasconcelos, F. M. Fernandes, and S. Silva. "Deterioration of the granitic stone at Misericórdia chapel in Murça (northern Portugal)." In REHAB 2014 - International Conference on Preservation, Maintenance and Rehabilitation of Historical Buildings and Structures. Green Lines Institute for Sustainable Development, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.14575/gl/rehab2014/090.

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Hinsch, K., G. Gulker, C. Holscher, and K. Wolff. "Speckle correlation measurements of stone decay in the deterioration of monuments." In OSA Annual Meeting. Washington, D.C.: Optica Publishing Group, 1987. http://dx.doi.org/10.1364/oam.1987.thu5.

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The study of stone decay is of great importance in actions for the preservation of monuments. Many deterioration processes are accompanied by corresponding changes in the microstructure of the stone surface. Thus a quantitative method is required which is sensitive enough to detect the minute changes in the microtopography of the stone face. Optical solutions to this task utilize surface information obtained in a scattered-light speckle field. Surface changes are measured as changes of the according speckle pattern. To obtain a quantitative measure for the similarity of patterns an optical speckle correlation is performed.
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Torrero, E., M. Canosa, A. Coronado, D. Sanz, J. González, and V. Navarro. "Pathologies and physical characterization of the stone elements of;the Cathedral of Santa María of Cuenca (Spain)." In REHAB 2014 - International Conference on Preservation, Maintenance and Rehabilitation of Historical Buildings and Structures. Green Lines Institute for Sustainable Development, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.14575/gl/rehab2014/102.

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Warren, Shannon L., Silindokhule S. Mavuso, Bridget Murray, Debra Colarossi, Tamara Dogandžić, Chris Ssebuyungo, John W. K. Harris, David R. Braun, Emmanuel Ndiema, and Kathryn L. Ranhorn. "MIDDLE STONE AGE SITE PRESERVATION OF GAJJ17: STRUCTURAL AND DEPOSITIONAL HISTORY OF THE NORTHEASTERN TURKANA BASIN." In GSA Annual Meeting in Phoenix, Arizona, USA - 2019. Geological Society of America, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1130/abs/2019am-339188.

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Wang, J., J. Wan, and M. Wang. "The value of the traditional stone house named RiSiManBa located in Sichuan Province as an architectural treasure of Jiarong Tibetan area." In REHAB 2014 - International Conference on Preservation, Maintenance and Rehabilitation of Historical Buildings and Structures. Green Lines Institute for Sustainable Development, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.14575/gl/rehab2014/081.

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Масленников, А. А. "Another one tower near the Uzunlar shaft." In Древности Боспора. Crossref, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.25681/iaras.2018.978-5-94375-250-6.141-169.

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In the southern part of the so-called Taganash hollow, another turret-shaped structure was excavated near the line of the Uzunlar shaft in 2017. With relatively good preservation, it was about the size of 12×11 meters and a total area of about 122 square meters. Looking on the remnants of the stone staircase, the «tower» had at least two floors. The first was divided into three rooms, one of which was a stove. The entrance led from the south. The finds consisted mainly of fragments of stucco ware and amphorae. Much less was fragments of simple redclay, gray-clay and red-lacquered ceramics. We also mention 11 copper Panticapaean coins of the 70-40’s. BC. Apparently the «tower» (along with others excavated earlier also near the Uzunlar shaft) was built under the Bosporan ruler Asandra and lasted for a relatively short time.
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Collyer, Robert, Hasan Ahmed, Raj Navalurkar, and Dawn Harrison. "Urban Infrastructure: Design and Preservation - Brooklyn Bridge Rehabilitation Program." In IABSE Congress, New York, New York 2019: The Evolving Metropolis. Zurich, Switzerland: International Association for Bridge and Structural Engineering (IABSE), 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.2749/newyork.2019.2753.

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<p>The Brooklyn Bridge is a National Historic Landmark and a New York City Landmark that has been in use for over 137 years. This is one of the most pictured bridge structures in the world, while being used as a critical and vital part of the infrastructure carrying over 105,000 vehicles per day. This paper addresses the engineering challenges/solutions related to the most current rehabilitation work being performed.</p><p>Contract 6 (2009 to 2017) represents a $650 million investment into the bridge to maintain it in a State of Good Repair. Work included deck replacement using accelerated bridge construction techniques and complete painting and steel repairs of the main span. A high-level traffic study and traffic simulations were developed to evaluate differing closure scenarios and their impacts on user costs and the traveling public.</p><p>Contract 6A (2017 to 2019) represents a $25 million investment in maintaining the historic and aesthetic integrity of the Brooklyn Bridge structures. Approximately, 30,000 SF of granite stone cladding will be replaced under this contract.</p><p>Contract 7 represents a $300 million investment that will address the rehabilitation of the historic arches on both sides of the main span and strengthening of the Towers. Construction is expected to begin in 2019.</p><p>Contract 8 represents a $250 million investment. It is in the planning phase and will address a new promenade enhancement (widening) over the Brooklyn Bridge.</p><p>This paper discusses how these engineering challenges were faced and resolved.</p>
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Grisoni, Michela Marisa. "The struggle for Stone-dry walling: the ambition to protect both processes and products." In HERITAGE2022 International Conference on Vernacular Heritage: Culture, People and Sustainability. Valencia: Universitat Politècnica de València, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.4995/heritage2022.2022.15264.

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Quoting from the inscription into the Intangible Cultural Heritage List (2018), the art of dry-stone walling concerns “the know-how” related to making stone constructions that explains the interest towards the product process as well as the product itself. The protection of the ability in stones selection and their placement, without mortar or dry soil at most, has moved the attention from walls to walling too. As a result, the idea of authenticity should be rediscussed to preserve not only some existing monuments and amazing landscape, but a living heritage and a sustainable land use. A risk occurs in some coastal areas, both maritime or front lake, and in the valleys, of the Alps or the Apennines. These places are the most sensitive to residential and receptive exploitation; as a result, an aesthetic landscape perception is taking advantage against its structural conception and the authentic art construction for dwelling (buildings), farming (terraced arrangements) or husbandry (cow-walls). The awareness of the role of dry building for the consolidation of the slopes, the protection of the mountain and the harmonious relationship between environments and species the inscription would preserve, is misunderstood. In Italy some evident ambiguities are occurring into practice and local behaviours. Although the inscription has invited preservation program, the governance of the art of terraced arrangement seems often reduced to a picturesque disposal; misunderstood if not betrayed in its authenticity both as a product and as a process. Some case studies are proposed to point out this slipped issue, considering the Lake of Como as an elective observation area. By the presentation of some real examples, both virtuous and critical, a discussion and comparison with other contexts, both national and international, should eventually be favoured.
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Reports on the topic "Stone preservation"

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Brinker, C. J., C. S. Ashley, and A. S. Sellinger. Sol-gel preservation of mankind`s cultural heritage in objects constructed of stone. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), January 1998. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/573146.

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Barthelmes, Michael. Kennesaw Mountain National Battlefield Park: Geologic resources inventory report. National Park Service, November 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.36967/nrr-2288173.

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Geologic Resources Inventory reports provide information and resources to help park managers make decisions for visitor safety, planning and protection of infrastructure, and preservation of natural and cultural resources. Information in GRI reports may also be useful for interpretation. This report synthesizes discussions from a scoping meeting held in 2012 and a follow-up conference call in 2020. Chapters of this report discuss the geologic setting and significance, geologic features and processes, and geologic resource management issues within Kennesaw Mountain National Battlefield Park. Information about the previously completed GRI map data is also provided. A GRI map poster (separate product) illustrate the GRI map data. Geologic features, processes, and resource management issues identified include erosion and mass wasting, fluvial features and processes, monadnocks, earthworks, stone quarry, building stone, ultramafic rocks, seismic activity, caves and karst, and eolian features and processes.
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Hunter, Fraser, and Martin Carruthers. Iron Age Scotland. Society for Antiquaries of Scotland, September 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.9750/scarf.09.2012.193.

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The main recommendations of the panel report can be summarised under five key headings:  Building blocks: The ultimate aim should be to build rich, detailed and testable narratives situated within a European context, and addressing phenomena from the longue durée to the short-term over international to local scales. Chronological control is essential to this and effective dating strategies are required to enable generation-level analysis. The ‘serendipity factor’ of archaeological work must be enhanced by recognising and getting the most out of information-rich sites as they appear. o There is a pressing need to revisit the archives of excavated sites to extract more information from existing resources, notably through dating programmes targeted at regional sequences – the Western Isles Atlantic roundhouse sequence is an obvious target. o Many areas still lack anything beyond the baldest of settlement sequences, with little understanding of the relations between key site types. There is a need to get at least basic sequences from many more areas, either from sustained regional programmes or targeted sampling exercises. o Much of the methodologically innovative work and new insights have come from long-running research excavations. Such large-scale research projects are an important element in developing new approaches to the Iron Age.  Daily life and practice: There remains great potential to improve the understanding of people’s lives in the Iron Age through fresh approaches to, and integration of, existing and newly-excavated data. o House use. Rigorous analysis and innovative approaches, including experimental archaeology, should be employed to get the most out of the understanding of daily life through the strengths of the Scottish record, such as deposits within buildings, organic preservation and waterlogging. o Material culture. Artefact studies have the potential to be far more integral to understandings of Iron Age societies, both from the rich assemblages of the Atlantic area and less-rich lowland finds. Key areas of concern are basic studies of material groups (including the function of everyday items such as stone and bone tools, and the nature of craft processes – iron, copper alloy, bone/antler and shale offer particularly good evidence). Other key topics are: the role of ‘art’ and other forms of decoration and comparative approaches to assemblages to obtain synthetic views of the uses of material culture. o Field to feast. Subsistence practices are a core area of research essential to understanding past society, but different strands of evidence need to be more fully integrated, with a ‘field to feast’ approach, from production to consumption. The working of agricultural systems is poorly understood, from agricultural processes to cooking practices and cuisine: integrated work between different specialisms would assist greatly. There is a need for conceptual as well as practical perspectives – e.g. how were wild resources conceived? o Ritual practice. There has been valuable work in identifying depositional practices, such as deposition of animals or querns, which are thought to relate to house-based ritual practices, but there is great potential for further pattern-spotting, synthesis and interpretation. Iron Age Scotland: ScARF Panel Report v  Landscapes and regions:  Concepts of ‘region’ or ‘province’, and how they changed over time, need to be critically explored, because they are contentious, poorly defined and highly variable. What did Iron Age people see as their geographical horizons, and how did this change?  Attempts to understand the Iron Age landscape require improved, integrated survey methodologies, as existing approaches are inevitably partial.  Aspects of the landscape’s physical form and cover should be investigated more fully, in terms of vegetation (known only in outline over most of the country) and sea level change in key areas such as the firths of Moray and Forth.  Landscapes beyond settlement merit further work, e.g. the use of the landscape for deposition of objects or people, and what this tells us of contemporary perceptions and beliefs.  Concepts of inherited landscapes (how Iron Age communities saw and used this longlived land) and socal resilience to issues such as climate change should be explored more fully.  Reconstructing Iron Age societies. The changing structure of society over space and time in this period remains poorly understood. Researchers should interrogate the data for better and more explicitly-expressed understandings of social structures and relations between people.  The wider context: Researchers need to engage with the big questions of change on a European level (and beyond). Relationships with neighbouring areas (e.g. England, Ireland) and analogies from other areas (e.g. Scandinavia and the Low Countries) can help inform Scottish studies. Key big topics are: o The nature and effect of the introduction of iron. o The social processes lying behind evidence for movement and contact. o Parallels and differences in social processes and developments. o The changing nature of houses and households over this period, including the role of ‘substantial houses’, from crannogs to brochs, the development and role of complex architecture, and the shift away from roundhouses. o The chronology, nature and meaning of hillforts and other enclosed settlements. o Relationships with the Roman world
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