Log in

Relevant bibliographies by topics / Stone implements / Dissertations / Theses

To see the other types of publications on this topic, follow the link: Stone implements.

Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Stone implements'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 4 June 2021

Last updated: 29 July 2024

Create a spot-on reference in APA, MLA, Chicago, Harvard, and other styles

Select a source type:

Consult the top 50 dissertations / theses for your research on the topic 'Stone implements.'

Next to every source in the list of references, there is an 'Add to bibliography' button. Press on it, and we will generate automatically the bibliographic reference to the chosen work in the citation style you need: APA, MLA, Harvard, Chicago, Vancouver, etc.

You can also download the full text of the academic publication as pdf and read online its abstract whenever available in the metadata.

Browse dissertations / theses on a wide variety of disciplines and organise your bibliography correctly.

1

McCutcheon, Patrick T. "Archaeological investigations of stone tool heat-treatment technology in southeastern Missouri : an experimental approach /." Thesis, Connect to this title online; UW restricted, 1997. http://hdl.handle.net/1773/6451.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

2

Wilson, Jennifer Keeling. "Curation and lithic technological organization studies on the Owyhee River : a case study of the Chalk Basin site (35ML143), Malheur County, Oregon." Online access for everyone, 2007. http://www.dissertations.wsu.edu/Thesis/Spring2007/J_Wilson_042507.pdf.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

3

Meadows, Richard Keith. "Crafting K'awil : a comparative analysis of Maya symbolic flaked stone assemblages from three sites in northern Belize /." Access restricted to users with UT Austin EID Full text (PDF) from UMI/Dissertation Abstracts International, 2001. http://wwwlib.umi.com/cr/utexas/fullcit?p3034984.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

4

Cormack, Julie Lindgren. "Early Stone Age heavy duty implements of Africa." Thesis, University of Liverpool, 1994. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.387264.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

5

Bakewell, Edward F. "The archaeopetrology of vitrophyric toolstones, with applications to archaeology in the Pacific Northwest /." Thesis, Connect to this title online; UW restricted, 2005. http://hdl.handle.net/1773/6429.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

6

Seong, Chuntaek. "Raw materials and evolution of lithic technology in Upper Pleistocene Korea /." Thesis, Connect to this title online; UW restricted, 2001. http://hdl.handle.net/1773/6466.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

7

Terry, Karisa. "Extreme measures Upper Paleolithic raw material provisioning strategies and settlement of the Transbaikal region, Siberia /." Pullman, Wash. : Washington State University, 2010. http://www.dissertations.wsu.edu/Dissertations/Spring2010/k_terry_040710.pdf.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

8

Barton, R. N. E. "A study of selected British and European flint assemblages of Late Devensian and Early Flandrian Age." Thesis, University of Oxford, 1986. http://ora.ox.ac.uk/objects/uuid:870615a7-3f6c-4733-893c-c618dd120d2c.

Full text

Abstract:

This dissertation is concerned with the analysis of selected blade assemblages from Late Devensian and Early Flandrian contexts in Southern Britain (c. 12,500 - 9,000 BP). The British sites studied are divided into three main groupings: Upper Palaeolithic, Long Blade, and Mesolithic, each of which contains material of a typologically and technologically distinct nature. Despite previous important studies in the British Upper Palaeolithic and Mesolithic, no major work until now has been undertaken on the third technology, that of the Long Blade sites, which seems to occupy a chronological position intermediate between the other two. The dissertation incorporates the first comprehensive description of material from Long Blade sites and contrasts it with the sets of artefacts from the other two groups. Comparative data from the Upper Palaeolithic and Mesolithic derive mainly from primary information recovered in two excavations directed by myself at Hengistbury Head between 1980-4. The chapters consider the archaeological material in chronological order beginning in Chapter 1 with the Late Upper Palaeolithic assemblage from Hengistbury Head. Chapters 2 and 3 are devoted to the Long Blade assemblages from Britain and Northwestern Europe, whilst in the fourth chapter the Early Mesolithic material from Hengistbury and related sites in Southern Britain is considered. The fifth and last chapter is given over to discussion and final conclusions. Appended to the last chapter is a gazetteer of 159 specified Long Blade findspots in Southern Britain, the first time this material has ever been gathered together. Explanatory notes and a key are provided at the front of the Gazetteer. In studying the artefacts I have laid particular emphasis on technology as well as typology, and in studying technology I have been particularly influenced by my own work on the experimental manufacture and use of implements. Given that my two excavated sites were very little disturbed, I have also been able to make major use of conjoining artefacts, not only as an aid to understanding the differing techniques of artefact manufacture, but also in interpreting the archaeology of the sites. Some use was also made of experimental taphonomy. These aspects of my work are referred to in the text, notably in Chapters 1 and 4.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

9

Moore, Mark W. "Diagnostic flake analysis : a replication-based method for reconstructing reduction techniques, strategies, and technologies." Virtual Press, 1990. http://liblink.bsu.edu/uhtbin/catkey/724566.

Full text

Abstract:

Diagnostic flake analysis is based on the concept that distinct flintknapping techniques produce distinctive flakes. Seen in this light, the information potential of flakes is enormous. Unfortunately, this information is virtually lost in analyses based upon size-grading a flake assemblage or separating flakes statistically based on a few "key" attributes. The intent of this study is to provide and apply a well-integrated analytical approach based upon the diagnostic flake concept.In order to integrate the static lithic artifacts to the dynamic behavior that produced them, a generalized flow chart model of the knapping event is developed. The flow chart model emphasizes the debitage produced during knapping, rather than finished lithic tools. The flow chart model is described in detail, and the terms"technology", "strategy", and "techniques" are defined and contrasted.A total of 30 reduction experiments were conducted in the course of this study, producing an estimated 27,000 flakes and flake fragments. Based on this sample and previous work conducted by Flenniken (n. d. ) and others, nine diagnostic flake types and three significant flake attributes are defined.An ideal methodology for a lithic analysis is developed. This ideal methodology includes: 1) assessing the types of raw materials present on a site; 2) reconstructing the technology based on negative-flake scars on finished tools; 3) flake refitting; 4) classifying flakes into the diagnostic flake categories nonstatistically and polythetically, with special emphasis placed on recognizing previously unidentified diagnostic flake types; 5) developing a flow chart model of reconstructed prehistoric technology; and 6) summarizing the flow chart i n verbal form.The methodology is applied to the Middle and Late Woodland components of the stratified All Seasons site located in central Indiana. Analysis of the Middle Woodland assemblage results in the recognition and definition of conical core flake blanks.The methodology is applied to a blind test manufactured by Donald Cochran to assess bias that may have been introduced into the flake type definitions by using debitage produced only by the author. Cochran's behavior is accurately reconstructed.Finally, the results of the study are discussed, and the study's strengths and weaknesses are determined. Diagnostic flake analysis is found to be a powerful approach that derives an optimal amount of high-quality information from a chipped stone assemblage.
Department of Anthropology

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

10

Wilson, Amanda J., and n/a. "Stone tool production at Cat's Eye Point, Kakanui, North Otago, New Zealand." University of Otago. Department of Anthropology, 1999. http://adt.otago.ac.nz./public/adt-NZDU20070523.143909.

Full text

Abstract:

This thesis examines a lithic assemblage from Cat�s Eye Point (J42/4), Kakanui, North Otago, New Zealand. This archaic site was excavated during 1996 and 1997 and the lithic assemblage was collected from 41m� excavated during these two seasons. Previous studies of lithic material from New Zealand and the Pacific are reviewed to indicate the range of information that can be gained from lithic analysis. Themes of research in the North Otago region are also examined to place Cat�s Eye Point into its regional context. This thesis had three main areas of investigation. The first involved a descriptive and technological analysis of the debitage using mass flake analysis (MFA) and individual flake analysis (IFA). Formal artefacts, such as hammerstones, blanks, and performs, were also examined. Secondly, spatial analysis was used to determine if the lithic assemblage could be used to infer intra-site activity areas. This was conducted by analysing macro- (flakes larger than 3mm) and microdebitage (flakes less than 3mm) by examining the range of material types. The third area of investigation examined debitage recovered from 6.4mm (1/4 inch) and 3.2mm (1/8 inch) sieves to determine if any significant technological information was gained by debitage from the 3.2mm sieve. The conclusions of this study indicate that there were two methods of basalt cobble reduction at Cat�s Eye Point for adze production. Adze production at Cat�s Eye Point was opportunistic and the non-local material curated. The results of the debitage analysis indicate that the entire sequence of adze manufacture did not occur in the excavated area of Cat�s Eye Point and the initial cobble reduction probably occurred on the adjacent beach where the cobbles are found today. Consequently, coastal rock outcrops, even without evidence of associated debitage, must be viewed as potential sources of rock for stone tool manufacture unless determined otherwise. The spatial analysis detected two activity areas and a disposal area at Cat�s Eye Point. The analysis of the 6.4mm and 3.2mm debitage found that no significant technological information was gained by examining the smaller flakes.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

11

Loffler, German. "Microscopic analysis utilized in the identification of cutting, scraping and whittling activities on flake tools from the Qwu?gwes (45TN240), Hartstene, and Sunken Village (35MU4) sites in the central northwest coast of North America." Online access for everyone, 2007. http://www.dissertations.wsu.edu/Thesis/Fall2007/g_loffler_112707.pdf.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

12

Yoo, Yongwook 1969. "Long-term changes in the organization of lithic technology : a case study from the Imjin-Hantan River Area, Korea." Thesis, McGill University, 2007. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=102852.

Full text

Abstract:

This study is intended to furnish an explicability of hunter-gather's organizational model on the lithic technology. The fieldwork area is the Imjin-Hantan River Area (the IHRA) located at the midwestern part of the Korean Peninsula. The archaeological sites included in the fieldwork are Jangsanri (ca 0.2 Mya BP), Chongokni (ca 60 Kya BP), Juwolri, and Kawolri (younger than ca 50 Kya BP). In addition, a previously excavated Upper Palaeolithic assemblage of Janghungri (ca 23 Kya BP) is included in the quantitative analysis of lithic assemblages.
For the background of the research area, chapter II is devoted to demonstrating the general environment of East Asia and current Quaternary research of Korea. Chapter III furnishes the basic knowledge on the geomorphological environment of the IHRA and the research history in this area for the last three decades was elaborated.
Chapter IV is a description on the excavation fieldworks, introduction of the discovered lithic artifacts, and new age determination based on the K-Ar, IRSL, OSL, and AMS dating methods. Chapter V is the general characteristics on the IHRA lithic assemblage. Some descriptive details on the individual artifacts are presented and technological implications of lithic types are delineated. In addition, a general reduction sequence of the IHRA assemblage is proposed.
Chapter VI is a quantitative analysis based on the exploratory data analysis (EDA); some geometric variables of artifacts were operationally defined for the purpose of acquiring more implicative analytical units. As a result of the analysis, it is revealed that the distinct interassemblage variability of raw material composition and of the morphological features of small tools and blanks constrained by differential reduction intensity can be explained in the context of the long-term-based strategic changes executed by the IHRA hominins.
Chapter VII, based on the results from the fieldwork and lithic analysis, attempted to reconstruct the geological history of the IHRA in terms of hominid's land use patterns and relevant survival strategies. As a final remark, some unsolved issues were diagnosed and future research was expected for the continual research of the IHRA.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

13

Milliken, Sarah. "Aspects of lithic assemblage variability in the late Palaeolithic of south-east Italy." Thesis, University of Oxford, 1991. http://ora.ox.ac.uk/objects/uuid:dcc65351-7853-4942-bd7a-9f0c036f7fe6.

Full text

Abstract:

This thesis concerns late Palaeolithic settlement in the region of Puglia, south-east Italy, at the close of the Pleistocene. Puglia comprises three sub-regions which contain sites of this period: the Salento peninsula, the Murge, and the Gargano promontory. The late Palaeolithic occupation must be considered in relation to the former existence of an extensive coastal plain, and to the sea-level rise which submerged it. The late Palaeolithic assemblages of the region have been studied previously by Italian archaeologists from a rigid typological stance, with various schemes put forward suggesting evolution of the assemblages through different stages of an Epigravettian tradition. In this thesis, attribute analysis is used to re-examine the principal assemblages, using published data where adequate and supplemented by samples studied by the author in Italy. The results are analyzed to seek the social and economic factors which shaped the various industries, as well as diachronic change wherever it can be demonstrated. Factors such as difficulty in obtaining raw material were clearly crucial to assemblage composition. The existing typological schemes are shown to lack real bases and to mask rather than reveal sociocultural information. Chapter 1 states the aims of the thesis and critically discusses previous theoretical approaches to the late Palaeolithic of the region. Chapters 2 and 3 describe relevant aspects of the regional palaeoenvironment. The author's own methodological approach is explained in Chapter 4, and then used for a detailed study of the assemblages from Grotta delle Cipolliane in Chapter 5. This is followed in Chapter 6 by a broader study of the late Palaeolithic assemblages in Puglia, with discussions of their possible diachronic and synchronic relationships. Chapter 7 develops this latter theme into an attempt to understand the social and economic features of the late Palaeolithic settlement of Puglia, and suggestions are made concerning future work that might improve the quality of the archaeological evidence. Chapter 8 summarizes the main conclusions of the thesis.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

14

Blake, Elizabeth Catherine. "Stone 'tools' as portable sound-producing objects in Upper Palaeolithic contexts : the application of an experimental study." Thesis, University of Cambridge, 2011. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.609715.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

15

Ferraro, Joseph Vincent. "Broken bones and shattered stones on the foraging ecology of Oldowan hominins /." Diss., Restricted to subscribing institutions, 2007. http://proquest.umi.com/pqdweb?did=1568044151&sid=1&Fmt=2&clientId=1564&RQT=309&VName=PQD.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

16

Adams, Jenny Lou. "The development of prehistoric grinding technology in the Point of Pines area, east-central Arizona." Diss., The University of Arizona, 1994. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/186928.

Full text

Abstract:

The development of grinding technology is a topic that has not received much attention from archaeologists in the American Southwest. Presented here is a technological approach to ground stone analysis capitalizing on the methods of ethnoarchaeology, experimentation, and use-wear analysis. These methods are applied to an existing collection of ground stone artifacts amassed by the University of Arizona field school's excavation of the Point of Pines sites in east-central Arizona. The heart of the technological approach is the recognition that technological behavior is social behavior and as such is culturally distinct. Both puebloan and nonpuebloan ethnographies provide models for understanding how ground stone tools were used by different cultural groups in daily activities and for making inferences about gender-specific behaviors. Culturally distinct behaviors are sustained through technological traditions, defined as the transmitted knowledge and behaviors with which people learn how to do things. A technological approach is applied to the ground stone assemblages from nine Point of Pines sites that date within eight phases, from A.D. 400 to A.D. 1425-1450. The assemblages are compared and assessed in terms of variation that might reflect developments in grinding technology. Developments may have derived from local innovations or from introduced technological traditions. Assemblage variation is evaluated in light of major events in Point of Pines prehistory, particularly the change from pit house villages to pueblo villages and the immigration of Tusayan Anasazi. Point of Pines grinding technology continued relatively unchanged until late in the occupation. Around the mid-1200s, an Anasazi group immigrated to the Point of Pines area and took up residence in the largest Point of Pines pueblo. Foreign technology was introduced but not immediately adopted by the resident Mogollon. Food grinding equipment of two different designs coexisted for about 100 years, until around A.D. 1400 when there is evidence of a change in the social organization of food grinding. It is this change that signals the blending of Mogollon and Anasazi into Western Pueblo.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

17

Martinez, Kelley Prince. "Examining Human Behavior and Tool Use through Experimental Replications and a Technological Analysis of Ground Stone in the Lower Columbia." PDXScholar, 2019. https://pdxscholar.library.pdx.edu/open_access_etds/5074.

Full text

Abstract:

While ground stone tools represent diverse activities, the technology is analyzed at a coarse level in the Pacific Northwest. Conducting more detailed analyses of ground stone assemblages can inform on regional Indigenous raw material knowledge, resource use, and tool manufacturing and maintenance practices. In this thesis I addressed questions regarding ground stone technology, including manufacturing time investments, tool recycling, and how ground stone tools were used through the application of experimental tool replication, use studies, and in depth analyses. I replicated tools that are common in the region, including a banded and notched net weight, a maul, two bowls, and a pestle. The replicated tools were all produced with raw materials collected from nearby sources and all ground stone tools were manufactured with cobble choppers. I conducted use wear studies in two phases to examine the impacts of processing both hard and soft materials using the replicated bowl and pestle. The tools underwent an in-depth analysis before and after manufacture and the use wear study to assess manufacturing and use wear attributes. The experimental replications and use study resulted in associating specific attributes with known activities and actions. These insights were then applied to the analysis of ground stone artifacts from the 35CO2 Rylander assemblage, a private artifact collection from a contact-period archaeological site located in the Lower Columbia. I was able to identify manufacturing and use wear attributes to further explore how the ground stone tools were manufactured, used, and maintained. Additionally, I demonstrated a strong relationship between raw material selection, time investment, and tool recycling in the region through the experimental studies and comparative analysis with the Rylander assemblage. Furthermore, this study highlights the need for more robust ground stone analysis standards. Analyses that include in-depth examination at the attribute level will help expand our understanding of ground stone tool technology. Employing standardized vocabulary, terminology, and referencing attributes in photomicrographs builds more comparable datasets, giving researchers valuable insights into skill level, specialization, and time investment associated with ground stone technology.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

18

Yacubic, Matthew Patrick. "The Chipped Stone Tool Industries of Blackman Eddy, Belize." Diss., CLICK HERE for online access, 2006. http://contentdm.lib.byu.edu/ETD/image/etd1283.pdf.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

19

Boutwood, Yvonne. "Aspects of stone tool procurement and usage : a study of group XVIII implements." Thesis, University of Sheffield, 1990. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.320070.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

20

Moore, Edward Cyrus. "Variability and Continuity between Paleoindian Assemblages in the Northeast: A Technological Approach." Fogler Library, University of Maine, 2002. http://www.library.umaine.edu/theses/pdf/MooreEC2002.pdf.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

21

Ferris, Jennifer Marie. "Lithic technological organization of site J69E, Espiritu Santo Island, Baja California Sur." Online access for everyone, 2008. http://www.dissertations.wsu.edu/Thesis/Spring2008/j_ferris_042208.pdf.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

22

Lerner, Harry Joseph. "Lithic raw material variability and the reduction of short-term use implements : an example from Northwestern New Mexico." Thesis, McGill University, 2006. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=102675.

Full text

Abstract:

Chipped stone tools are a truly dynamic medium of material culture. From initial reduction to contemporary excavation, lithic artifacts undergo continuous change. The role of the properties of raw materials in determining rates of use-wear accrual is poorly understood and has rarely been assessed quantitatively (e.g. Goodman, 1944; Greiser and Sheets, 1979; McDevitt, 1994). This dissertation offers such quantification regarding four materials exploited for the production of short-term use implements at the Late Archaic FA2-13 site located just outside the city of Farmington, New Mexico.
Both experimental and archaeological use-wear evidence was assessed in separate but related ways. Digital image analysis of use-wear invasiveness using ClemexVision PE and GIS analysis of use-wear homogeneity using Idrisi Kilimanjaro yielded distinct but highly complementary results. Direct testing of material properties of non-archaeological samples using a Hysitron Triboindenter served to further clarify these findings in terms of the complex relationship between raw material surface hardness and roughness.
The results of the present study show that there are significant differences between rates of wear accrual among the four materials. Analysis of tools from FA2-13 indicates that while scraping activities likely did predominate (Schutt, 1997a), it may also be feasible to generate more detailed assessments regarding the kinds of scraping activities that were undertaken and the respective intensities with which they were performed. This increased insight can then be extrapolated for application to long-term use technologies and their more complex life histories.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

23

Cole, Stephen C. "Lithic raw material exploitation between 30,000 BP and 40,000 BP in the Perigord, France /." Thesis, Connect to this title online; UW restricted, 2002. http://hdl.handle.net/1773/6401.

Full text

Abstract:

Thesis (Ph. D.)--University of Washington, 2002.
Vita. Accompanying CD-ROM contains data recorded during examinations of six lithic assemblages and Pendulum Indenter tests, plus macros for use with data. Includes bibliographical references (leaves 553-598).

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

24

McSwain, Rebecca Anne. "Production and exchange of stone tools among Preclassic Maya communities: Evidence from Cuello, Belize." Diss., The University of Arizona, 1989. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/184958.

Full text

Abstract:

Analysis of lithics, particularly flake debitage, from a small Preclassic Maya community provides data bearing upon the manufacture and distribution of stone tools in the northern Belizean region during the Middle and Late Preclassic eras. These data suggest a complex relationship among contemporaneous communities with regard to raw material and tool acquisition and manufacture. There is no evidence of monopoly of raw material resources by any one group; rather, a mixed pattern is seen involving distribution both of partly processed raw material and of certain finished formal tool types. These formal types, as well as befaces in general, are seen to be increasingly important through time, possibly related to changing agricultural practices. While no conclusions can be drawn on the basis of presently available lithic data as to the nature of the Preclassic regional lithic distribution system, ethnographic and archaeological analogies are used to suggest some possible economic scenarios.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

25

Winterhoff, Ernest H. "The political economy of ancient Samoa : basalt adze production and linkages to social status /." Connect to title online (ProQuest) Connect to title online (Scholars' Bank), 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/1794/6202.

Full text

Abstract:

Thesis (Ph. D.)--University of Oregon, 2007.
Typescript. Includes vita and abstract. Includes bibliographical references (leaves 246-264). Also available online in Scholars' Bank; and in ProQuest, free to University of Oregon users.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

26

Dempsey, Naomi. "Tanged flint points and their contribution to the study of early Scottish prehistory." Thesis, University of Aberdeen, 2012. http://digitool.abdn.ac.uk:80/webclient/DeliveryManager?pid=231801.

Full text

Abstract:

By the re-evaluation of one specific artefact class - the Scottish examples of tanged points, the intrinsic qualities of this artefacts form, context and is use is employed to establish an enhanced sense of regional variability within early Scottish archaeology. A methodology for tanged point identification is determined and enacted to demonstrate that the existing examples of Scottish tanged points do not represent a single, coherent, tanged point tradition in this region. Variability is evident and can be translated, in terms of human behaviour, to suggest at least three separate antecedents to early activity in Scotland. Of specific focus is a hitherto unrecognized line of activity (or influence) during the Mesolithic - one originating from areas to the north/north-east of Scotland from the modern political construct of Scandinavia. In this spatial context, tanged point use extends into the Mesolithic, unlike counterparts in the northern territories of the European continent where tanged points are primarily discussed as late Palaeolithic, and to which Scottish tanged points have been traditionally compared. This 'northern' scenario thus provides an alternative reading of some examples of this material class in Scotland. The juxtaposition between marine and terrestrial lifestyles is key to this analysis. Acknowledging this in relation to a select sample of Scottish tanged points – those within the island context of Stronsay, a northern isle in the archipelago of Orkney, this specific set of tanged points is argued to comprise a new component within the tool kit of Mesolithic activity within this regionally specific context. The implications of this permits a more pluralised perspective of the nature and extents of early activity in Scotland, and a documents the significance of regional variability to understanding the range of potential influences, and identities, that may have enculturated the landscapes of Scotland during its earliest phases of prehistory.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

27

Anderson, Andrea L. "Late Archaic lithic technology and land-use patterns in the Upper Susquehanna River Valley of New York a comparison of the Goodyear and Oaks Creek sites /." Diss., Online access via UMI:, 2005.

Find full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

28

Lewis, Laura. "Early microlithic technologies and behavioural variability in southern Africa and South Asia." Thesis, University of Oxford, 2015. http://ora.ox.ac.uk/objects/uuid:aa339eba-5fcf-4797-9d99-2d7d4f6a8893.

Full text

Abstract:

Microlith production is a distinctive and significant stone tool technology. However, inter-regional comparative analyses of microlithic industries are rare, and have tended to homogenise these industries by focussing analytical attention on retouched tool typologies alone. This thesis provides the first demonstration and exploration of variability in two of the earliest microlithic industries in the world - the Howiesons Poort of southern Africa and the Late Palaeolithic of South Asia. Analysis of this variation has implications for the long-standing debates concerning modern human behaviour and dispersals. In order to assess variability in underlying technological processes and manufacturing trajectories, detailed attribute analyses were conducted on lithic assemblages. Metric and qualitative variables were recorded on cores, debitage and tools from three southern African Howiesons Poort sites (Rose Cottage Cave and Umhlatuzana, South Africa, and Ntloana Tsoana, Lesotho) and four South Asian Late Palaeolithic sites (Batadomba-lena and Kitulgala Beli-lena, Sri Lanka, and Patne and Jwalapuram 9, India). Analysis of the results reveals variability within sites, over time, and between sites and regions, demonstrating that microlith production is not a homogenous technology. Underlying technological processes are shown to differ more between regions than do retouched tool forms. It is argued that this pattern is more parsimoniously explained by independent innovation of microlithic technology situated within local lithic traditions, rather than by cultural diffusion. Additionally, the exploration of variability in microlithic assemblages highlights the benefits of using a methodological approach to the modern human behaviour debate which focusses on technological variability rather than the presence of particular tool types. It is this behavioural and technological variability that is key to understanding our species.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

29

Dewbury, Adam Gordon. "Stones and bones an actualistic approach to understanding cutmark frequency variation /." Diss., Online access via UMI:, 2009.

Find full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

30

Pope, Melody K. "Chipped stone, tools and towns an archaeological study of Uruk period lithic production and use at Abu Salabikh, Iraq /." Diss., Online access via UMI:, 2005. http://wwwlib.umi.com/dissertations/fullcit/3165060.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

31

Spertzel, Staci Elaine. "Late woodland hunting patterns evidence from facing Monday Creek Rockshelter (33HO414), Southeastern Ohio /." Ohio : Ohio University, 2005. http://www.ohiolink.edu/etd/view.cgi?ohiou1134579425.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

32

Fisher, Philip Robert. "Points in time stone tool analysis as an indication of group movement at the Birch Creek site (35ML181), southeastern Oregon /." Pullman, Wash. : Washington State University, 2010. http://www.dissertations.wsu.edu/Thesis/Spring2010/p_fisher_041210.pdf.

Full text

Abstract:

Thesis (M.A. in anthropology)--Washington State University, May 2010.
Title from PDF title page (viewed on May 19, 2010). "Department of Anthropology." Includes bibliographical references (p. 79-84).

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

33

Iversen, David Richard. "Testing the coastal decline model with flaked stone artifacts from the San Diego region of California." Online access for everyone, 2007. http://www.dissertations.wsu.edu/Thesis/Spring2007/d_iversen_041607.pdf.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

34

Hamilton, Stephen Coursault. "Technological Organization and Sedentism: Expedient Core Reduction, Stockpiling, and Tool Curation at the Meier Site (35CO5)." PDXScholar, 1994. https://pdxscholar.library.pdx.edu/open_access_etds/4839.

Full text

Abstract:

The Meier site fine-grained lithic assemblage was used to test the hypothesis that a sedentary group will rely heavily on expedient lithic technologies because they stockpile raw material at the residence. At Meier, expedient core reduction provided blanks for a significant number of curated and expedient tools. I propose that sedentism (stockpiling) minimizes energy investments in raw material procurement and blank production while maintaining the ability to efficiently make both curated and expedient tools. Investment in curation is limited to a few tool classes with specialized functions, not transportable design variables.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

35

Lerner, Harry 1969. "Static types to dynamic variables : re-assessing the methods of prehistoric Huron chipped stone tool documentation and analysis in Ontario." Thesis, McGill University, 2000. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=33298.

Full text

Abstract:

An assemblage of prehistoric Huron chipped stone tools has been analyzed in terms of its inherently dynamic properties. It is hypothesized that the series of measurements and ratios that has been developed is more efficient than existing systems for gauging the changing nature of these implements over time. The statistical evaluation of the data revealed strong linear relationships between various pairs of variables, such as projectile point length and tip angle and end scraper bit edge angles and bit height. It was found that comparing these data to other attributes of these tools, such as use-wear traces and reduction techniques, can be very informative about how each category of tools changed through manufacture, use, and maintenance. The results of this analysis were then compared to those of a more traditional study of a contemporaneous collection of Huron stone tools (Poulton, 1985), demonstrating the utility of the techniques developed.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

36

Reynolds, Natasha. "The mid Upper Palaeolithic of European Russia : chronology, culture history and context : a study of five Gravettian backed lithic assemblages." Thesis, University of Oxford, 2014. https://ora.ox.ac.uk/objects/uuid:f9a56097-50b9-427d-8276-3acc191c834c.

Full text

Abstract:

This thesis examines the Mid Upper Palaeolithic (MUP) of Russia (ca. 30,000-20,000 14C BP). During this time, as in the rest of Europe, the principal archaeological industry is known as the Gravettian. However, in Russia two other industries, the Streletskayan and the Gorodtsovian, are also known from the beginning of the MUP. Historically, there have been significant problems integrating the Russian MUP record with that from the rest of Europe. The research described in this thesis concentrates on backed lithic assemblages (including Gravette points, microgravettes, other backed points and backed bladelets) from five Russian Gravettian sites: Kostenki 8 Layer 2, Kostenki 4, Kostenki 9, Khotylevo 2 and Kostenki 21 Layer 3. These are studied from an explicitly Western European theoretical perspective, using standard techno-typological methods to construct typological groupings and describe the variation between and within sites. Alongside this, new radiocarbon dates from several sites Kostenki 8 Layer 2, Kostenki 4 and Borshchevo 5) were obtained. These radiocarbon dates are critically analysed alongside published dates and unpublished dates made available to this research. The results of the research constitute a new culture history for the Russian MUP. Each stage of the MUP is dated and described, and the uncertainties in our knowledge outlined. One new lithic index fossil is defined and two others are re-assessed. The Russian record is compared with the contemporary archaeological record elsewhere in Europe, in order to describe large-scale synchronic variation and changes through time in the homogeneity and regionalisation of material culture. The relationship between these dynamics and climate change are discussed.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

37

Wolf, John William. "The Spatial Distribution of Ground Stone Tools as a Marker of Status Differentials in a Chinookan Plank House on the Lower Columbia River." PDXScholar, 1994. https://pdxscholar.library.pdx.edu/open_access_etds/2898.

Full text

Abstract:

Social status was an integral part of the social structure of Northwest Coast societies. The presence of ranked social structures and household space based on rank is reported in the ethnographic literature. Archaeologists have long searched for independent and verifiable means to infer social structure from archaeological deposits. Burial goods have been used to identify status differences. Do other items of material culture also reflect such differences? The purpose of this study was to ascertain whether or not the distribution of certain tools recovered from a Chinookan plank house on the lower Columbia River paralleled the household residence location that was keyed to social status. Among Northwest Coast societies the household was the basic social and economic unit. Ground stone tools were selected for study because they include tools which were instrumental parts of a technology that depended upon highly organized and scheduled activities, i.e. fishing and house construction. If these tools were controlled by particular individuals or families within the household, their archaeological deposition might reflect social status differences. Two questions were asked in this study. (1) What is the correlation between the volume of sediment excavated and the number of ground stone artifacts recovered from the house? (2) What is the relationship between residence location and the density of ground stone artifacts recovered from the house? The ground stone artifacts were identified, classified and counted. Correlation coefficients between the volumes of sediment excavated and the number of ground stone artifacts recovered showed that the correlation was suspiciously weak, in general, and not correlated for fishing net weights. Some factor other than solely excavation volumes was affecting ground stone artifact counts. To answer the second question linear regressions were performed. They revealed that although location was to some degree a function of the density of ground stone artifacts, that relationship was weak at the .05 significance level. However, the relationship was stronger for fishing net weights. It is likely that there are multiple reasons for ground stone tool distributions and sites must be excavated with broad exposures in order to understand the relationship between residence location and artifact densities.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

38

Lee, Hyeong Woo. "A study of Lower Palaeolithic stone artefacts from selected sites in the upper and middle Thames Valley, with particular reference to the R.J. MacRae collection." Thesis, University of Oxford, 2000. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.670211.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

39

Juel, Jensen Helle. "Flint tools and plant working : hidden traces of Stone Age technology : a use wear study of some Danish Mesolithic and TRB implements /." Aarhus : Aarhus university press, 1994. http://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb35710800p.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

40

Stemp, William James. "An analysis of stone tool use in the Maya coastal economies of Marco Gonzalez and San Pedro, Ambergris Caye, Belize." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 2000. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk3/ftp04/nq64672.pdf.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

41

Fanning, Patricia C. "Beyond the divide: a new geoarchaeology of Aboriginal stone artefact scatters in Western NSW, Australia." Australia : Macquarie University, 2002. http://hdl.handle.net/1959.14/45010.

Full text

Abstract:

Thesis (PhD)--Macquarie University, Division of Environmental & Life Sciences, Graduate School of the Environment, 2002.
Includes bibliographical references: p. 228-232.
Geomorphology, archaeology and geoarchaeology: introduction and background -- Surface stone artefact scatters: why can we see them? -- Geomorphic controls on spatial patterning of the surface stone artefact record -- A temporal framework for interpreting surface artefact scatters in Western NSW -- Synthesis: stone artefact scatters in a dynamic landscape.
Surface scatters of stone artefacts are the most ubiquitous feature of the Australian Aboriginal archaeological record, yet the most underutilized by archaeologists in developing models of Aboriginal prehistory. Among the many reasons for this are the lack of understanding of geomorphic processes that have exposed them, and the lack of a suitable chronological framework for investigating Aboriginal 'use of place'. This thesis addresses both of these issues. -- In arid western NSW, erosion and deposition accelerated as a result of the introduction of sheep grazing in the mid 1800s has resulted in exposure of artefact scatters in some areas, burial in others, and complete removal in those parts of the landscape subject to concentrated flood flows. The result is a patchwork of artefact scatters exhibiting various degrees of preservation, exposure and visibility. My research at Stud Creek, in Sturt National Park in far western NSW, develops artefact and landscape survey protocols to accommodate this dynamic geomorphic setting. A sampling strategy stratified on the basis of landscape morphodynamics is presented that allows archaeologists to target areas of maximum artefact exposure and minimum post-discard disturbance. Differential artefact visibility at the time of the survey is accommodated by incorporating measures of surface cover which quantify the effects of various ephemeral environmental processes, such as deposition of sediments, vegetation growth, and bioturbation, on artefact count. -- While surface stone artefact scatters lack the stratigraphy usually considered necessary for establishing the timing of Aboriginal occupation, a combination of radiocarbon determinations on associated heat-retainer ovens, and stratigraphic analysis and dating of the valley fills which underlie the scatters, allows a two-stage chronology for huntergatherer activity to be developed. In the Stud Creek study area, dating of the valley fill by OSL established a maximum age of 2,040±100 y for surface artefact scatters. The heatretainer ovens ranged in age from 1630±30 y BP to 220±55 y BP. Bayesian statistical analysis of the sample of 28 radiocarbon determinations supported the notion, already established from analysis of the artefacts, that the Stud Creek valley was occupied intermittently for short durations over a relatively long period of time, rather than intensively occupied at any one time. Furthermore, a gap in oven building between about 800 and 1100 years ago was evident. Environmental explanations for this gap are explored, but the paiaeoenvironmental record for this part of the Australian arid zone is too sparse and too coarse to provide explanations of human behaviour on time scales of just a few hundred years. -- Having established a model for Stud Creek of episodic landscape change throughout the late Pleistocene and Holocene, right up to European contact, its veracity was evaluated in a pilot study at another location within the region. The length of the archaeological record preserved in three geomorphically distinct locations at Fowlers Gap, 250 km south of Stud Creek, is a function of geomorphic dynamics, with a record of a few hundred years from sites located on channel margins and low terraces, and the longest record thus far of around 5,000 years from high terrace surfaces more remote from active channel incision. But even here, the record is not continuous, and like Stud Creek, the gaps are interpreted to indicate that Aboriginal people moved into and out of these places intermittently throughout the mid to late Holocene. -- I conclude that episodic nonequilibrium characterizes the geomorphic history of these arid landscapes, with impacts on the preservation of the archaeological record. Dating of both archaeological and landform features shows that the landscape, and the archaeological record it preserves, are both spatially and temporally disjointed. Models of Aboriginal hunter-gatherer behaviour and settlement patterns must take account of these discontinuities in an archaeological record that is controlled by geomorphic activity. -- I propose a new geoarchaeological framework for landscape-based studies of surface artefact scatters that incorporates geomorphic analysis and dating of landscapes, as well as tool typology, into the interpretation of spatial and temporal patterns of Aboriginal huntergatherer 'use of place'.
Mode of access: World Wide Web.
vii, 232 p. ill., maps

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

42

Freeman, Brett W. "The social organization of ground stone production, distribution, and consumption in the Quijos Valley, Eastern Ecuador." Thesis, Lethbridge, Alta. : University of Lethbridge, Dept. of Anthropology, c2011, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/10133/3244.

Full text

Abstract:

This thesis explores the Quijos Valley ground stone economy in relation to broader social, political, and economic aspects of the Quijos chiefdoms during the Late Period (AD 500 – 1500). In particular, this research examines the extent to which ground stone craft production was a dimension of social differentiation during a period marked by the greatest sociopolitical transformations. Ultimately, this research suggests that Late Period ground stone production was an independent and part-time household activity, and not an avenue of elite aggrandizement. However, aspects of this research have aimed to show that certain forms of ground stone were important implements of household maintenance, both socially and economically. This research is embedded within the Quijos Valley Regional Archaeological Project (QVRAP) and has aimed to contribute to our understanding of the development of social complexity within this region, as well as contributing to our understanding of ground stone craft production more generally.
x, 244 leaves ; 29 cm

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

43

Smith, Cameron McPherson. "Social Stratification within a Protohistoric Plankhouse of the Pacific Northwest Coast: Use-wear and Spatial Distribution Analysis of Chipped Lithic Artifacts." PDXScholar, 1996. https://pdxscholar.library.pdx.edu/open_access_etds/5139.

Full text

Abstract:

The spatial distribution of chipped lithic artifacts excavated at site 35C05, a Chinookan plankhouse of the protohistoric period, was observed to test the hypothesis that a gradient of material culture -- reflecting social status -- should be evident within the plankhouse, ranging from the highest to the lowest social rank. Prior to the spatial analysis, use-wear analysis was used to evaluate the classificatory labels used to describe the assemblage by a previous researcher. The use-wear analysis largely confirmed the functional classification of chipped lithic artifacts used by the previous researcher. The spatial analyses revealed that while most tool types were rather evenly distributed throughout the plankhouse interior (taphonomic factors having been considered), cutting, graving and scraping tools (as well as some characteristics of these tools, such as raw material quality) were significantly unevenly distributed, correlating with the hypothesized gradient of social rank aligned with the long axis of the plankhouse. Further analyses strongly suggested that one or more labor specialists, using high frequencies of graving tools, were inhabitants of the elite portion of the plankhouse. Most domestic activities reflected by the stone tools of this assemblage were engaged in by plankhouse inhabitants of all social ranks. Knowing that this is the case, as well as that in some instances there is compelling evidence for status-determined labor specialization, aids in our understanding of the character of aboriginal social structure on the Pacific Northwest Coast.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

44

Peoples, Nicole M. "The Taber Well Site (33HO611): A Seasonally Occupied Lithic Reduction Site in Southeastern Ohio." Ohio University / OhioLINK, 2004. http://www.ohiolink.edu/etd/view.cgi?ohiou1103229925.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

45

Dries, Monique Henriëtte van den. "Archaeology and the application of artificial intelligence : case-studies on use-wear analysis of prehistoric flint tools /." [Leiden] : Faculty of Archaeology, University of Leiden, 1998. https://openaccess.leidenuniv.nl/dspace/handle/1887/13148.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

46

Lengyel, Györgyi. "Upper Palaeolithic and Epipalaeolithic lithic technologies at Raqefet Cave, Mount Carmel East, Israel /." Oxford : Archaeopress, 2007. http://www.loc.gov/catdir/toc/fy0803/2007534086.html.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

47

Nic, Eoin Luíseach. "The gatherer and the grindstone : towards a methodological toolkit for grindstone analysis in southern Africa." Thesis, University of Oxford, 2015. http://ora.ox.ac.uk/objects/uuid:e760e886-adee-411f-b104-fb5bdd3a870e.

Full text

Abstract:

Although grindstones - that is, pairs of stone implements used to grind, pound, pulverise or otherwise process intermediate materials - have been intensively studied by archaeologists in other parts of the world, in southern Africa to date they have received little attention. Despite a near-ubiquitous presence on Middle and Later Stone Age archaeological sites, their primary function in archaeological reconstructions has been as proxies for other behaviours. These include behavioural modernity; gender; particular plant types, such as geophytes/underground storage organs. This doctoral thesis interrogates grindstones with a view not only to establishing specific (rather than proxy) uses in the southern African archaeological record,but also as a means to explore the gathered side of hunter-gatherer lifeways, which have also historically been neglected. It does this by developing a methodological toolkit for grindstone analysis in southern Africa. Comparison of archaeological and historical literature from the southern African Grassland Biome and elsewhere suggests a tension between archaeological accounts which posit geophyte and mineral pigment grinding as a primary purpose for grindstones and ethnohistorical accounts suggesting that grass-processing was a staple of hunter-gatherer life. Finally, a corpus of putative grindstones from the site of Ha Makotoko in western Lesotho is typologically assessed and analysed for plant starches and phytoliths. It emerges that at this site, and in contrast to received wisdom, geophyte grinding was not extensive but by contrast, grass seed processing was practised. This belies models suggesting that C4 grass seeds were unlikely to have contributed to hunter-gatherer diets, and questions interpretations of grass 'bedding' as well as the distinction between 'forager' and 'farmer'. Most importantly, this thesis validates the idea that grindstone study is worthwhile, and should be integrated into wider lithic study in southern Africa as a matter of course.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

48

Boer-Mah, Tessa. "An adze to grind : lithic resource procurement and reduction of ground stone adzes from Ban Non Wat, Northeast Thailand." Thesis, The University of Sydney, 2008. https://hdl.handle.net/2123/21934.

Full text

Abstract:

Trade contributed to the formation of complex states in Southeast Asia during the historic period (1st millennium AD). It is thought that the antecedents of trade developed from prehistoric exchange networks starting in the Neolithic (2nd-3 rd millennium BC). The extent of such prehistoric networks is not clear, however, ground stone adzes have been identified as goods that were exchanged. The aim of this thesis is to examine the procurement of lithic resources at Ban Non Wat, northeast Thailand and to determine whether adzes were part of an exchange network. This thesis emphasises the relationships between procurement, reduction and the form of ground stone adzes recovered predominantly from Neolithic and Bronze Age contexts. Previous analyses in Thailand have suggested that adzes were exchanged in the Neolithic as part of a pan-regional network, but further examination is required to support this. The results from Ban Non Wat indicate that the exchange of ground stone adzes was not as common as some scholars have proposed. The detailed examination of adze reduction in this study demonstrates that use of traditional Southeast Asian adze typologies, severely limits the analysis of adze assemblages. This thesis has developed systemic models of direct access and exchange to address the question of lithic resource procurement. Significantly, these systemic models provide a methodological and theoretical framework which allows systems of adze procurement to be identified within a singlesite consumption context. This framework does not rely on distributional data from numerous sites, as has been the case for many studies of exchange. Often single-site studies of lithic resource procurement have relied on the analysis of quarries. However, this study is exceptional because it deals with a consumption/occupation context. The results show that the majority of adzes at Ban Non Wat were acquired through a direct access system of procurement and that a secondary source of cobbles was exploited. The systemic models of lithic resource procurement were successful in identifying lithic resource procurement at Ban Non Wat, and could be applied to similar assemblages in other parts of the world.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

49

BAUMLER, MARK FREDERICK. "CORE REDUCTION SEQUENCES: AN ANALYSIS OF BLANK PRODUCTION IN THE MIDDLE PALEOLITHIC OF NORTHERN BOSNIA (YUGOSLAVIA)." Diss., The University of Arizona, 1987. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/184044.

Full text

Abstract:

The study of core reduction, or how little raw material was transformed into flakes which could be used for tools, is fundamental to the interpretation of most archaeological lithic assemblages. A distinction can be made in this regard between the "manner" of core reduction, or the mechanics of flake removal, and the "method" of its reduction, which focuses upon the sequence of core preparation and tool blank production. The emphasis in current lithic studies has been upon the former aspect of the core reduction process. Evidence for the method of flaking cores in prehistory has not been as widely or thoughtfully addressed and, consequently, a comprehensive theory and methodology for its study is lacking. This dissertation addresses itself to the problems of reconstructing core reduction sequences from archaeological assemblages of chipped stone. It introduces the theoretical background and associated methodology that is necessary to approach the study of the method of core reduction, without the aid of backfitting or the assumptions involved in replicative studies. This approach is based not only on the cores discarded after reduction but also on an interpretation of those features of the flakes that can inform upon their role and place in the core reduction sequence. The potential of the method is assessed through an analysis of blank production at several Middle Paleolithic sites in Northern Bosnia, Yugoslavia. Of these, the sites of Zobiste and Visoko Brdo form the basis of an interpretation of the core reduction strategies practiced in this area during the early Upper Pleistocene. This strategy is shown to be a result of the varying interaction between the nature of the raw material source, the intent of the knapper, and the principles of the lithic reduction process itself. The new data presented and the perspective achieved from the study of the core reduction sequence will be useful for future studies of the Middle Paleolithic in this area and in the comparison of these industries with other regions of the Old World.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

50

Holzapfel, Elaine Kester. "The Paleoamerican occupation of Darke County, Ohio, and environs." Virtual Press, 2001. http://liblink.bsu.edu/uhtbin/catkey/1204195.

Full text

Abstract:

This thesis develops and executes a method of comprehensively discovering accessible Paleoamerican archaeological materials from a restricted geographic area, analyzing the data collected, and comparing them within a larger sphere of interaction. The restricted area was Darke County, in west-central Ohio. The study area was familiar to the writer both in field experience and knowledge of collections held by local residents. A total of 115 diagnostic points and additional tools were located, examined, photographed, and measured.On the basis of point typology three stages of Paleoamerican occupation were identified, Early (11, 500 to 10, 500 B. P.), Middle (11,000 to 10, 500 B. P.), and Late (10,500 to 10,000 B. P.). The Early Paleoamerican stage was marked by Clovis fluted and Unfluted fluted points, the Middle by the Cumberland point, and the Late by Agate Basin, Transitional, Plano Lanceolate, and Hi-Lo points. The sources of raw materials were identified and changes of habitat through time were described.The abundant data recovered and analyzed by the approach used in this study from just one Ohio county indicates that extensive data is available but has yet to be recorded and analyzed for Paleoamerican occupation throughout Midwestern United States.
Department of Anthropology

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

We offer discounts on all premium plans for authors whose works are included in thematic literature selections. Contact us to get a unique promo code!