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1

Coggon, David Noel Murray. "Stomach cancer in England and Wales." Thesis, University of Oxford, 1992. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.317853.

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2

Gao, Chao. "Statistical Analysis and Modeling of Stomach Cancer Data." Scholar Commons, 2017. https://scholarcommons.usf.edu/etd/7400.

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The objective of this study is to address some important questions associated with stomach cancer patients using the data from the Surveillance Epidemiology and End Results (SEER) program of the United States. To better understand the behavior of stomach cancer, we first perform parametric analysis for each patient group (white male, white female, African American male, African American female, other male and female) to identify the probability distribution function which can best characterize the behavior of the malignant stomach tumor sizes. We evaluate the effects of patients’ age, gender and race on the malignant stomach tumor sizes by developing quantile regression models, which gives us a better understanding of the behavior of the malignant stomach tumors. We also proposed statistical models with respect to patients’ malignant stomach tumor size as a function of age for different races and gender group, respectively. The proposed models were evaluated to attest their prediction quality. Furthermore, we have identified the rate of change of the malignant tumor size as a function of age, for gender and race. We evaluated the routine treatment of stomach cancer using parametric and nonparametric survival analysis. We have found that stomach cancer patients who receive surgery with radiation together have a better survival probability than the patients who receive only radiation. We performed decision tree analysis to assist the physician in recommending to his patients the most effective treatment that is a function of their characteristics.
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3

Fung, Wai-Ki Vicki, and 馮慧琪. "Epigenetic alterations in gastric cancer." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 2004. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B45009995.

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4

Crisp, William John. "Markers of malignant change in the human stomach." Thesis, University of Newcastle Upon Tyne, 1992. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.308739.

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5

Martinho, Maria. "Spatial analysis of exposure coefficients with applications to stomach cancer." Thesis, University of Oxford, 2007. http://ora.ox.ac.uk/objects/uuid:427fe13e-39b1-4bfd-a3a8-be957120cf44.

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Earlier ecological studies on the relation between H. pylori infection and stomach cancer have considered that the relation between these two variables, as estimated by the exposure coefficient, is constant. However, there is evidence to suggest that this relation changes geographically due to differences in strains of H. pylori. Since the prevalence of H. pylori varies with socio-economic status, the association between the latter and stomach cancer mortality may also vary geographically. This thesis studies stomach cancer by taking into account the geographical variability of the exposure coefficients. The study proposes the use of regression mixtures, clustering models and spatially varying regressions for the study of varying exposure coefficients. The effect of transformations of variables in these models appears to have been little considered. We provide new necessary conditions for invariance under transformations of variables for mixed effect models in general, and for the proposed models in particular. In addition, we show that varying exposure coefficients may induce a varying baseline risk. The regression mixtures and the clustering model are applied to a data set on stomach cancer incidence and H. pylori prevalence in 57 countries worldwide. We extend the clustering model to reflect any distance measure between the geographical units, including the Euclidean distance, in the formation of clusters. We also show that the clustering model performs better than the regression mixture model when the aim is to identify connected clusters and the observations present large variance. The results obtained with the clustering model supported the existence of three clusters where the interaction between the human and H. pylori populations have similar characteristics. Spatially varying regressions are applied to a data set of areal death counts of stomach cancer and spending power in 275 counties in continental Portugal. We provide an original strategy for implementing multivectorial intrinsic autoregressions as the distribution for the random effects. The results obtained with the application of this methodology were consistent with a varying exposure coefficient of spending power.
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6

Selway, Simone Ann Marie. "Antisecretory agents and gastric morphology." Thesis, Open University, 1992. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.386637.

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7

Fan, Xiaoming. "Arachidonic acid metabolism in apoptosis of gastric cancer." Hong Kong : University of Hong Kong, 2000. http://sunzi.lib.hku.hk/hkuto/record.jsp?B22805448.

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8

Chen, Tzu-hsin Clement. "Prognostic factors for long-term survival in patients with cancer of the gastric cardia." Click to view the E-thesis via HKUTO, 2004. http://sunzi.lib.hku.hk/hkuto/record/B31971556.

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9

Sarkar, Abby Joya. "Investigating the Role of Sox2 in Stomach Tissue Homeostasis and Cancer." Thesis, Harvard University, 2015. http://nrs.harvard.edu/urn-3:HUL.InstRepos:17467240.

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The transcription factor Sox2 is essential for the establishment and maintenance of multiple stem cell populations and its coding region is amplified in certain carcinomas. However, Sox2’s role in stomach homeostasis and cancer is poorly understood. In this thesis, I used mouse genetics to investigate the expression pattern and function of Sox2 in the adult stomach during normal tissue homeostasis and tumorigenesis. Using a genetic lineage tracing system, I found that Sox2 expression marks a gastric stem cell population capable of self renewal and differentiation throughout the lifetime of a mouse, raising the key question of whether Sox2 itself is required for adult stomach function. Using a combination of novel mouse models, I examined the consequences of Sox2 loss of function on stomach regeneration as well as the susceptibility of Sox2+ cells to transformation. Surprisingly, I found that Sox2 itself is dispensable during stomach homeostasis, although Sox2-expressing cells readily give rise to Wnt-driven adenomas. To gain insight into the molecular function of Sox2, I performed ChIP-Seq analysis which revealed that the majority of Sox2 targets in mouse gastric stem and progenitor cells are related to tissue-specific functions such as endoderm development, Wnt signaling and gastric cancer while only a small set of genes overlaps with targets occupied by Sox2 in other stem cell populations. SOX2 has been described as an amplified oncogene in several types of human cancers derived from the foregut endoderm including lung and esophageal squamous cell carcinomas. Unexpectedly, I found that Sox2 loss enhances stomach tumor formation and organoid growth in an Apc/Wnt depdendent adenoma mouse model. Using a reporter assay, I further showed that altered Sox2 levels modulate Tcf/Lef-dependent transcription, providing a molecular explanation for the observed proliferation phenotypes. In summary, my genetic and molecular studies offer insight into how Sox2 regulates stomach tissue homeostasis and cancer and evidence that Sox2’s mode of action is context and tissue specific.
Medical Sciences
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10

Nanthakumaran, Shayanthan. "The effect of Arginine on gastric cancer cell behaviour : molecular mechanisms of action." Thesis, University of Aberdeen, 2010. http://digitool.abdn.ac.uk:80/webclient/DeliveryManager?pid=158347.

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The effect of arginine on gastric cancer cell behaviour: Molecular mechanisms of action – Abstract of thesis In gastric cancer patients undergoing surgical resection, the immunosuppression associated with surgery together with the malnutrition, which these patients often have, contribute substantially to a 40% risk of major peri-operative morbidity. Standard nutritional support in these patients has had mixed results. However, the ingestion of key nutrients, which modulate immune, inflammatory and metabolic pathways, also known as immunonutrition, offers a therapeutic modality, by reducing infectious complications by approximately 50%. However, studies have shown that arginine a key nutrient included in immunonutritional regimens not only has immune-enhancing effects but also has the ability to both stimulate and inhibit tumour growth. Therefore concerns remain with regard to the peri-operative use of arginine with regard to tumour growth and dissemination around the time of surgery. The aims of this study were to evaluate the in vitro effects of arginine on gastric cancer cell growth and invasion and the potential molecular mechanisms underlying any changes. A feasibility study was conducted to evaluate the influence of immunonutrition on gastric cancer patients by way of effect on expression of genes involved with tumour growth and invasion. The in vitro data confirmed that both stimulation of apoptosis associated with an increase in caspase 8 expression and cell cycle arrest at G2 phase independent of the effects of both p21 and p53 were associated with inhibition of AGS cell growth. No significant effect on invasion was demonstrated on AGS cells treated with arginine. The feasibility study demonstrated the challenges associated with extracting adequate quantity and quality of RNA from gastric tumour tissue. However, a total of 668 genes demonstrating a two fold change in gene expression were identified in the gastric tumour biopsies following feeding with immunonutrition. In summary, our data confirms inhibition of gastric cancer cell growth with arginine supplementation. However, the peri-operative use of arginine enriched nutritional support in patients with gastric cancer requires further assessment.
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11

Kimura, Yuto. "Nardilysin regulates inflammation, metaplasia, and tumors in murine stomach." Kyoto University, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/2433/232106.

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12

Fall, Katja. "Medical interventions and gastric cancer risk : an observational approach /." Stockholm, 2004. http://diss.kib.ki.se/2004/91-7349-905-6/.

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13

樊曉明 and Xiaoming Fan. "Arachidonic acid metabolism in apoptosis of gastric cancer." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 2000. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B31241633.

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14

Chan, On-on Annie, and 陳安安. "E-cadherin in gastric cancer." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 2004. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B29974082.

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15

Ogbodo, A. K., and O. P. Onwughara. "Efficiency of surgical treatment in patients with cancer of stomach, complicated with bleedeing in Nigeria." Thesis, Sumy State University, 2017. http://essuir.sumdu.edu.ua/handle/123456789/58360.

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Gastric cancer (GC) is the second leading cause of cancer death in the world. GC more frequently accompanied by bleeding signaling an advanced development from the mucosa to different layers of stomach. Bleeding may result from ulcerated mucosa, local vessel damage in 60%–70% of patients with advanced cancer. Hemorrhage may occur as an acute catastrophic event, episodic major bleeds, or ongoing low-volume oozing.
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16

Sud, Richa. "An investigation of genetic alterations in gastric and colorectal cancer." Thesis, University College London (University of London), 1998. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.287457.

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17

Luk, Tat-fai Samuel, and 陸達輝. "HER2 status in gastric cancer : a pilot study using silver in situ hybridization." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/10722/206550.

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Gastric cancer is one of the worldwide leading cancers which is highly prevalent in Eastern Asia. In Hong Kong, there were 1101 new cases and 687 cancer death in year 2011. So far gastric cancer is known to have poor prognosis and high relapse rate, for which a more effective therapy is sorely needed. With increasing knowledge in the role of HER2 in gastric cancer, a novel targeting agent, Trastuzumab, in combination with chemotherapy has become a promising personalized therapy for advanced gastric cancer and gastro-oesophageal junction cancer patients, particularly effective in HER2 positive patient subgroup. The clinical efficacy and safety of Trastuzumab therapy were ascertained by a recent worldwide phrase III randomized controlled trial called ToGA study in 2010. The assessment of the HER2 status has become crucial in selecting the right patient that will benefit most for the trastuzumab therapy. The aim of our study is to evaluate the local HER2 amplification rate in a group of gastric cancer patients and the associated tumour characteristics as well as sharing our technical experience in optimizing/standardizing the Silver ISH protocol including problem shooting in some difficult cases. From Oct 2012 to Apr 2014, we have accessed 68 requests of gastric cancer for HER2 status determination using Ventana Silver ISH assay, 61 were from stomach or gastro-oesophageal junction, 40 of them were endoscopic biopsy and 21 were resection specimens. Among them the majority were poorly differentiated (65.8%) and of intestinal sub-type (59.1%) according to Lauren classification. Thirteen out of 61 (21.3%) samples were found to be HER2 amplified. Majority of the HER2 positive cases were found in intestinal type and moderately differentiated adenocarcinoma. Eighty percent of the IHC 3+ cases and 29.6% of the IHC 2+ equivocal cases that required reflex tested with SISH were found to be HER2 amplified. There exists a great variation in the reported HER2 amplification rates in previous studies, which are apparently due to the difference in methodology and scoring algorithm apart from the different population groups. Recently, the introduction of the Hofmann’s modification on the scoring algorithm of HER2 assay dedicated for gastric cancer, and the increasing popularity in using DISH/SISH as a reliable alternative to FISH in detecting the HER2 status, have standardized the test and hence narrowed the variation. In order to achieve a more reliable staining result and accurate interpretation, optimization/ standardization of the analytical procedures, as well as the pre-analytical procedures become necessary. The standardization of the formalin fixation time seems to be a crucial factor in this regard. Therefore, the establishment of gastric cancer specimen handling guideline hospital-wide, and specific guideline recommendations for gastric cancer from ASCO/CAP are warranted.
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Pathology
Master
Master of Medical Sciences
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18

Humphrys, Elka Suzanne. "Understanding the pathways to oesophageal and stomach cancer diagnosis : a multi-methods approach." Thesis, University of Cambridge, 2019. https://www.repository.cam.ac.uk/handle/1810/289397.

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Increasing symptom awareness, encouraging help-seeking, and facilitating timely referral are key for improving cancer outcomes, particularly for cancers such as oesophageal and gastric (stomach), where five-year survival is less than 20%. In this research, I used multiple methods to explore factors that influence timely diagnosis of these cancers from a patient's perspective, with a particular focus on health literacy (accessing, understanding and using health information, and navigating healthcare systems). I started by exploring current knowledge in this field before conducting a systematic review investigating health literacy in the timely diagnosis of symptomatic cancer. Literature was searched from January 1990-May 2017 using six bibliographic databases. I screened 2304 titles/abstracts, assessed 26 full-text papers and included three, although they were methodologically weak, therefore limiting the conclusions. To examine pathways to diagnosis for oesophageal and gastric cancer, I conducted a questionnaire study of newly diagnosed patients across two hospitals in the East and North East of England. 127 participants were recruited (39.6% recruitment rate), aged 44-96 (median 71); 102 male (80%). Most had oesophageal cancer (n=102, 80%); 64 (50%) of the total cohort were late-stage at diagnosis. Common pre-diagnostic symptoms varied between cancers (oesophageal: difficulty swallowing (n=66, 65%), painful swallowing (n=55, 54%); gastric: fatigue/tiredness (n=20, 80%), weight loss (n=13, 52%)). The questionnaire included two domains (engagement, understanding) of the Health Literacy Questionnaire with participants demonstrating high health literacy (mean 4.18 and 4.28, score 1-5). The median time from noticing the trigger symptom (prompting help-seeking) to diagnosis was 81 days (IQR 45-137.5, n=107). Twenty-six participants were purposively sampled, from questionnaire respondents, for face-to-face interviews (aged 55-88, 18 male, 15 with oesophageal cancer). I undertook thematic analysis to explore participant accounts of their pathways to diagnosis, identifying that the symptom nature was important for appraisal, while health literacy ability influenced the health system interval. Descriptions of 'heartburn', 'reflux' and 'indigestion' differed between participants, suggesting these terms may introduce uncertainty in relation to symptom experience. This is the first study to explore the role of health literacy in the timely diagnosis of symptomatic cancer, and pathways to diagnosis for oesophageal and gastric cancers, from a patient's perspective. Findings provide important insights for the development of targeted awareness campaigns and strategies enhancing GP symptom exploration.
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19

Basmarke-Wehelie, Rahma, Hong Sjölinder, Wiktor Jurkowski, Arne Elofsson, Anna Arnqvist, Lars Engstrand, Matthias Hagner, et al. "The complement regulator CD46 is bactericidal to Helicobacter pylori and blocks urease activity." Stockholms universitet, Institutionen för genetik, mikrobiologi och toxikologi, 2011. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:su:diva-63669.

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BACKGROUND & AIMS: CD46 is a C3b/C4b binding complement regulator and a receptor for several human pathogens. We examined the interaction between CD46 and Helicobacter pylori (a bacterium that colonizes the human gastric mucosa and causes gastritis), peptic ulcers, and cancer. METHODS: Using gastric epithelial cells, we analyzed a set of H pylori strains and mutants for their ability to interact with CD46 and/or influence CD46 expression. Bacterial interaction with full-length CD46 and small CD46 peptides was evaluated by flow cytometry, fluorescence microscopy, enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, and bacterial survival analyses. RESULTS: H pylori infection caused shedding of CD46 into the extracellular environment. A soluble form of CD46 bound to H pylori and inhibited growth, in a dose- and time-dependent manner, by interacting with urease and alkyl hydroperoxide reductase, which are essential bacterial pathogenicity-associated factors. Binding of CD46 or CD46-derived synthetic peptides blocked the urease activity and ability of bacteria to survive in acidic environments. Oral administration of one CD46 peptide eradicated H pylori from infected mice. CONCLUSIONS: CD46 is an antimicrobial agent that can eradicate H pylori. CD46 peptides might be developed to treat H pylori infection.
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20

Zhang, Jingxiang. "Series of porphyrin-ru conjugates as two-photon induced bifunctional therapeutic vectors : synthese, characterization, photophysis, cell imaging and photodynamic therapy." HKBU Institutional Repository, 2012. https://repository.hkbu.edu.hk/etd_ra/1447.

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21

Shin, Vivian Yvonne, and 冼念慈. "A study on the carcinogenic mechanism of nicotine in gastric cancer." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 2004. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B30485976.

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22

Jiang, Xiaohua, and 蔣曉華. "Targeting cell signaling pathway in treatment of gastric cancer by chemotherapeutic agents." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 2002. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B31244282.

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The Best PhD Thesis in the Faculties of Dentistry, Engineering, Medicine and Science (University of Hong Kong), Li Ka Shing Prize,2001-2003
published_or_final_version
Medicine
Doctoral
Doctor of Philosophy
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23

Loon, Adriana Johanna Maria van. "Socioeconomic status, lifestyle and the risk of cancer of lung, breast, colon and stomach." Maastricht : Maastricht : Universiteit Maastricht ; University Library, Maastricht University [Host], 1997. http://arno.unimaas.nl/show.cgi?fid=5808.

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24

Larsson, Susanna C. "Diet and gastrointestinal cancer : one-carbon metabolism and other aspects /." Stockholm, 2006. http://diss.kib.ki.se/2006/91-7140-955-6/.

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25

Bickley, Jane. "Development of molecular markers for studying the ecology and epidemiology of Helicobacter pylori." Thesis, Open University, 1994. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.386793.

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26

Каплін, Микола Микитович, Николай Никитович Каплин, Mykola Mykytovych Kaplin, and А. В. Лукаш. "Роль Helicobacter pilory в розвитку передпухлинних захворювань та раку шлунку." Thesis, Видавництво СумДУ, 2012. http://essuir.sumdu.edu.ua/handle/123456789/27040.

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27

Шепетько, Е. Н., П. Д. Фомин, А. Б. Бельский, and Д. А. Гармаш. "Хирургическое лечение острокровоточащего рака желудка с применением гастрэктомии и одномоментной реконструктивной еюногастропластики." Thesis, Видавництво СумДУ, 2010. http://essuir.sumdu.edu.ua/handle/123456789/12005.

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28

Lindblad, Mats. "Aspects on the etiology of esophageal and gastric cancer /." Stockholm, 2004. http://diss.kib.ki.se/2004/91-7140-110-5/.

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29

Leppilampi, M. (Mari). "Functional and immunohistological studies on cancer-associated carbonic anhydrase IX." Doctoral thesis, University of Oulu, 2006. http://urn.fi/urn:isbn:9514279948.

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Abstract The carbonic anhydrases (CAs) catalyze the reversible hydration of carbon dioxide. In mammals, there are 13 active isoenzymes, which clearly differ in their cell localisation, tissue distributions and functions. CA IX, a unique transmembrane member of the CA gene family, is a tumour-associated protein which is thought to be involved in malignant cell invasion, adhesion and the regulation of cell proliferation. The main focus in the present study was on elucidating the function and expression of CA IX in normal and malignant tissues, especially in the alimentary tract. The functional studies also included CA II, which is regarded as another important CA isoenzyme in the alimentary tract. CA IX immunostaining showed a decrease in the staining intensity of gastric adenomas with increasing dysplasia grade. Well differentiated carcinomas of the intestinal type showed expression comparable to that in the normal mucosa, while expression was decreased in the less differentiated tumours. CA IX deficiency (Car9-/-) genotype and C57/BL6 strain were the main factors which increased the susceptibility of CA IX deficient mice fed on either a normal or high-salt diet to histological abnormalities, including foveolar hyperplasia and glandular atrophy in the gastric body mucosa, while CA II deficiency was associated with only minor histological abnormalities. In a physiological analysis, CA IX played only a minor role in duodenal bicarbonate secretion (DBS), whereas absence of CA II in mice completely abolished the stimulatory effect of E-type prostaglandin 2 (PGE2) on duodenal alkalisation. The results demonstrate that CA IX expression is diminished in most gastric tumours. The variations observed in its expression support the concept that gastric adenomas and carcinomas do not emerge as progressive steps on a single pathway but may instead represent distinct entities with heterogenic genetic backgrounds. In the stomach, CA IX is mainly involved in the regulation of tissue morphogenesis in the body mucosa, while CA II has a major role in maintaining the gastroduodenal acid/base balance.
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30

Campbell, Tania, and n/a. "When two worlds meet : an examination of the intersection between scientific views of genetic testing and the realm of popular culture." University of Otago. Department of Anthropology, 2004. http://adt.otago.ac.nz./public/adt-NZDU20070504.112700.

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This thesis explores the variety of ways in which scientific views of genetic testing are portrayed in the realm of popular culture. As a case study, I have used the identification of the gene for hereditary stomach cancer which occurred in New Zealand in 1998, and was the result of a partnership between the affected whanau and scientists from the University of Otago. Both the empirical and theoretical findings of this project have shown how such accounts are not neutral or transparent. Rather, they are positioned to represent certain values and ideas, and this is even more evident when those affected are Maori. However, considering textual representations of the gene and cancer has revealed the importance of taking into account the fact that these 'things' are also physical and material. I consider the implications of this and consider the ways in which the whanau health workers negotiate the fetishism apparent in biomedicine. Despite its misgivings, biomedicine has immense benefits, some of which the whanau have manipulated and appropriated for their own good, although they do so on their own terms. Despite the many complexities involved in this case study, this is a positive and hopeful story where those involved in the stomach cancer gene project have emerged with improved solutions.
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31

Evans, Graham S. "The trace analyses of bismuth in biological samples." Thesis, Staffordshire University, 2000. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.311183.

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32

朱耿慧 and Genghui Zhu. "Nonsteroidal antiinflammatory drugs and apoptosis of human gastric epithelial cells." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 1998. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B31239845.

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33

Montenegro, Raquel Carvalho. "Preliminar study of the expression of molecular markers in patients with stomach cancer, in Ceara State." Universidade Federal do CearÃ, 2003. http://www.teses.ufc.br/tde_busca/arquivo.php?codArquivo=12.

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CoordenaÃÃo de AperfeiÃoamento de Pessoal de NÃvel Superior
In search for a better understanding of the biology of tumors, molecular markers related to proliferation, resistance and apoptosis have been intensively studied in the different types of cancer. These markers can help on the elucidation of more specific therapeutic targets for the treatment of various tumors. It was observed that stomach cancer is the second most frequent cause of death in the world. In Brazil, this tumor is among the five major causes of death by cancer and the adenocarcinomas are held responsible for about 95% of all cases. For that matter, the expression of KI-67, PCNA, p53, bcl-2 and c-myc were evaluated independently and in a combined form in stomach adenocarcinomas. Thus, KI-67 and PCNA were confronted in order to determine which one would pose as a better cellular proliferation marker. Finally, a DNA extraction tecnique using CTAB was implemented on tumor tissue as well as the molecular analysis of the p53 gene by SSCP. The positive results were compared with those obtained by the imonohistochemistry analysis. The tumors were collected in surgical procedure, processed and classified histopathologically. The markers were detected by the imunohistochemical method SABP. The DNA was extracted by the CTAB method and the exons 5, 7 and 8/9 of the p53 gene analyzed by SABP. Some of the samples were obtained from biopsy arquives. The age range of the patients was between 61 and 70 years, with 48,1% of the tumors presenting an intestinal origin, 40,7% were diffuse and the other 11,2% were mixed. According to the location, 50% of the tumors were found to be proximal. 41,1% of the tumors were found to be in a low stage (I â IIIA), 44,8% in a high stage (IIIB â IV) and 13,8% were not staged. The imunohistochemical results indicated that KI-67 is the best marker to estimate cellular proliferation in stomach adenocarcinomas. In an independent manner, the tumors showed an 89,3% positivity for KI-67, 62,5% for PCNA, 50% for p53, 60,7% for bcl-2 e 66,7% for c-myc. According to the staging, the difference was significant only to p53 (p = 0,02), with a 66,7% positivity to the tumors in low stage and 16,7% for the ones on a high stage. When evaluated in a combined form, the associations of KI-67+/p53- (p=0,012) (66,67%) and c-myc+/p53- (p=0,02) (63,64%) both for the high stage tumors, were found to be significant. The DNA extraction technique applied to the tumor tissue was found to be satisfactory. For the SSCP analyses, five patients had mutation on the exon 5 (3) and on the exon 7 (2). Based on that, we may conclude that KI-67 is the best marker to access the proliferation of the stomach adenocarcinomas and that there are two proliferation activation pathways: one being dependent and the other independent of the p53 gene.
Na busca de um melhor entendimento da biologia dos tumores, marcadores moleculares relacionados à proliferaÃÃo, resistÃncia e apoptose tÃm sido intensamente pesquisados nos diferentes tipos de cÃncer. Estes marcadores podem auxiliar no estudo de alvos terapÃuticos mais especÃficos para cada tipo de tumor. O cÃncer de estÃmago à a segunda causa de Ãbito mais observado no mundo. No Brasil, este tumor està entre as cinco localizaÃÃes primÃrias mais comuns de Ãbitos por cÃncer, sendo os adenocarcinomas responsÃveis por 95% dos casos. Dessa forma, foi avaliada a expressÃo dos marcadores KI-67, PCNA, p53, bcl-2 e c-myc de forma independente e combinada em adenocarcinomas gÃstricos. TambÃm foi avaliado qual dos marcadores, KI-67 ou PCNA, era mais indicado para acessar a proliferaÃÃo celular. AlÃm disso, foi implantada a tÃcnica de extraÃÃo de DNA de tecido tumoral com CTAB e anÃlise molecular pelo SSCP do gene p53, sendo os resultados positivos comparados com os resultados da imunohistoquÃmica. Os tumores foram coletados em cirurgia, processados e classificados histopatologicamente. Os marcadores foram detectados pelo mÃtodo de imunohistoquÃmica SABP. Foi realizada a extraÃÃo de DNA pelo mÃtodo do CTAB, sendo os Ãxons 5, 7 e 8/9 do gene p53 analisados por SSCP. Algumas amostras foram obtidas de arquivo de biopsia. A faixa etÃria dos pacientes encontrava-se entre 61 e 70 anos de idade, com 48,1% dos tumores do tipo intestinal, 40,7% difusos e 11,2% mistos e com 50% localizados no sÃtio proximal. Em relaÃÃo ao estadiamento, 41,4% dos tumores apresentavam-se no grau baixo (I â IIIA), 44,8% no altorisco (IIIB â IV) e 13,8% sem estadiamento. De acordo com os achados imunohistoquÃmicos, os resultados sugerem que o marcador mais indicado para estimar a proliferaÃÃo celular nos adenocarcinomas gÃstricos à o KI-67. De forma independente os tumores apresentaram positividade em 89,3% para KI-67, 62,5% para PCNA, 50% para p53, 60,7% para bcl-2 e 66,7% e para c-myc. De acordo com o estadiamento, a diferenÃa foi significativa apenas para p53 (p = 0,02), com positividade de 66,7% nos tumores de baixo risco (I â IIIA) e 16,7% nos de altorisco. Quando avaliadas de forma combinada, as associaÃÃes significativas foram entre KI-67+/p53- (p=0,012) nos tumores de alto risco (66,67%) e c-myc+/p53- (p=0,02) tambÃm nos tumores de altorisco (63,64%). A tÃcnica aplicada para a extraÃÃo do DNA do tecido tumoral foi satisfatÃria. Para o SSCP, cinco pacientes apresentaram mutaÃÃo para o Ãxon 5 (3) e Ãxon 7 (2). Com isso, concluÃmos que o marcador mais indicado para acessar a proliferaÃÃo à o KI-67 e que existem duas vias de ativaÃÃo da proliferaÃÃo nos adenocarcinomas gÃstricos: uma dependente de p53 e outra independente de p53.
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34

Wong, Chun-yu Benjamin. "Role of Helicobacter pylori and non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs in prevention of gastric cancer." Click to view the E-thesis via HKUTO, 2005. http://sunzi.lib.hku.hk/hkuto/record/B31685493.

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35

Ye, Weimin. "Aspects of gastroesophageal reflux and risk for esophageal cancer : an epidemiological approach /." Stockholm, 2003. http://diss.kib.ki.se/2003/91-7349-695-2/.

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36

Kumar, Rashmi. "A Novel Endoscopic Technique to Diagnose Gastric Cancer in Excluded Stomach after Roux-en-Y Gastric Bypass." AMER COLL GASTROENTEROLOGY, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/625793.

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Access to the bypassed portion of the stomach after Roux-en-Y gastric bypass remains a challenge. We present a case of 64-year-old woman who presented with gastric outlet obstruction. We used a novel endoscopic technique to access the bypassed stomach by creating a jejunogastrostomy using a specialized stent, which allowed the insertion of a pediatric gastroscope to examine the bypassed portion of the stomach. Stomach biopsies revealed poorly differentiated adenocarcinoma with signet cell features.
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37

Choi, Ka-man, and 蔡嘉敏. "Tumour infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs): a prognostic factor for gastric adenocarcinoma." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 2005. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B32046431.

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Каплін, Микола Микитович, Николай Никитович Каплин, Mykola Mykytovych Kaplin, and А. В. Лукаш. "Роль Helicobacter pylori у розвитку передпухлинних захворювань та раку шлунка." Thesis, Видавництво СумДУ, 2010. http://essuir.sumdu.edu.ua/handle/123456789/5221.

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39

Huang, Fung-yu. "Pathogenetic aspects of helicobacter pylori infection in gastric cancer : a study on the role of inflammatory cytokine and gene methylation /." Click to view the E-thesis via HKUTO, 2009. http://sunzi.lib.hku.hk/hkuto/record/B4370363X.

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40

Willig, Jennifer A. "Analysis of Antiviral and Chemoprotective Effects of Strawberry Anthocyanins." UKnowledge, 2013. http://uknowledge.uky.edu/animalsci_etds/28.

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This study investigated the antiviral, chemoprotective and proliferative effects of strawberry anthocyanins on herpes simplex virus type-1, cancerous cell lines HT-29 and AGS, and normal cell lines Hs 738.St/Int and CCD-18Co. Antiviral properties were measured by infecting vero cells from adult grivet (Cercopithecus aethiops) with herpes simplex virus type-1 (HSV-1) and treating with a concentration of 1.25-20 µg/mL of strawberry anthocyanins. Infectivity and replication were quantified for herpes simplex virus type-1 using the direct plaque assay and reporting PFU/mL. Strawberry anthocyanins (>20 µg/mL) inhibited the herpes simplex virus infectivity in vero cells by 100% (p<0.05). Strawberry anthocyanins at concentrations of 5, 10 and 20 μg/mL were reduced to 75.36, 57.98, and 31.46 percent of the control (100%) (p<0.05). Chemoprotective and proliferative effects of strawberry anthocyanins were analyzed for the human cell lines AGS, Hs 738.St/Int, HT-29, and CCD-18Co at a concentration of 25-200 µg/mL and quantified using the sulforhodamine-B assay. Growth inhibition occurred at a level of ≥87% for treatment concentrations 100 and 200 µg/mL for the cancerous AGS and HT-29 cell lines (p<0.0001). Proliferation rates for the normal Hs 738.St/Int and CCD-18Co cell lines increased at all treatment concentrations of 25-200 μg/mL (p<0.0001); suggestingthat the observed proliferative activity may be associated with anthocyanin treatment.Strawberry anthocyanin treatment concentration worked in a dose dependent manner for the HSV-1 and the cancerous AGS and HT-29 cells. The caspase-3 assay was performed to demonstrate potential mechanism of action and confirmed thatanthocyanin treatments play a role in apoptosisby the up regulation of caspase-3.Significantdifferences were seen between the growth characteristics of cancerous cell linescompared to their equivalent normal cell lines (p<0.0001). In summary, the antiviral findings suggest that strawberry anthocyanin extracts could be an effective topical treatment and/or prophylactic agent for oral herpetic infections (HSV-1). Also, the in vitro chemoprotective effect of strawberry anthocyanins found may be relevant to in vivo work in the future because when anthocyanins are consumed in the diet they come in direct contact with the gastrointestinal tract and may provide chemoprotection upon contact with the stomach and gastrointestinal tract’s epithelial cell layer.
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Chen, Tzu-hsin Clement, and 陳梓欣. "Prognostic factors for long-term survival in patients with cancer of the gastric cardia." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 2004. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B31971556.

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42

Kim, Kyeok. "Differences in kimchi and glutathione intake in Koreans vs. Korean-Americans : possible role in pathogenesis of stomach cancer /." The Ohio State University, 1997. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1487948158629012.

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43

Torruella, Loran Ignasi 1987. "Genetic variation in human miRNAs : functional consequences and involvement in Cancer." Doctoral thesis, Universitat Pompeu Fabra, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/482207.

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Els microRNAs són importants reguladors de gens i destacats contribuïdors a la diversitat fenotípica clarament involucrats en malaltia humana. Hem analitzat la variabilitat genètica en microRNAs i como aquesta variabilitat pot afectar a la biologia i funció dels microRNAs. Hem comparat la variació genètica a les diferents regions dels microRNAs i hem trobat que les regions madura i “llavor” acumulen menys variants comunes que la resta del microRNA, probablement com a resultat de l’acció de selecció purificadora. Seguidament vam estudiar les conseqüències funcionals de variants associades amb càncer, incloent una variant que el nostre grup va trobar associada a càncer gàstric, i vam observar com aquestes eren capaces d’alterar l’expressió dels propis microRNAs així com els gens i xarxes gèniques regulades per aquests microRNAs. Vam mostrar l’existència de regulació específica d’al·lel de tres gens involucrats en càncer per part dels microRNAs que contenen les variants associades genèticament amb càncer.
MicroRNAs are important gene regulators and major contributors to phenotypic diversity that are clearly involved in human disease. In this thesis we analysed genetic variation in human microRNAs and how microRNA variants could modify their biological effect and role in Cancer. We compared genetic variation in distinct microRNA regions and found that mature and seed regions accumulate less high frequency variants than the rest of the microRNA gene, probably as a result of purifying selection. Also, we analyzed the genetic variation of different microRNA regions in human populations and identified consistently high population fixation indexes in the seed compared with other regions suggesting the existence of local adaptation in this important microRNA region Then we studied the functional consequences of Cancer genetically associated variants, including one that we found associated with gastric Cancer in European populations, and found that these variants could alter microRNA expression and the repertoire of target gene and networks. Finally we could show allele dependent regulation of three Cancer related genes by the microRNAs carrying these variants.
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44

徐蔚妍 and Wai-yin Tsui. "Identification and characterisation of genes over-expressed in gastricadenocarcinomas." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 2001. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B31226796.

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45

Gu, Qing, and 谷青. "Helicobacter pylori and non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs in gastric carcinogenesis." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 2006. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B36589718.

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46

Шевченко, Володимир Порфирович, Владимир Порфирьевич Шевченко, Volodymyr Porfyrovych Shevchenko, and М. А. Болотна. "Хірургічна тактика у хворих на рак шлунка, ускладнений кровотечею." Thesis, Вид-во СумДУ, 2007. http://essuir.sumdu.edu.ua/handle/123456789/5032.

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47

Wong, Chun-yu Benjamin, and 王振宇. "Role of Helicobacter pylori and non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs in prevention of gastric cancer." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 2005. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B31685493.

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48

Held, Maria. "Epidemiological studies of Helicobacter pylori and its relation to cancer and precancerous lesions in the upper gastrointestinal tract /." Stockholm, 2004. http://diss.kib.ki.se/2004/91-7349-944-7/.

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49

Mondlane, Gracinda. "A comparative treatment planning study of radiotherapy of clinical liver- and stomach-cancer cases with either photon or proton beams." Thesis, Stockholms universitet, Fysikum, 2014. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:su:diva-132177.

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There has been an increasing interest in proton beam therapy (PBT) in recent years related to the advantageous depth-dose characteristics of proton beams compared to what is achievable with standard external photon beam radiotherapy (RT). With PBT, improved target dose conformity can be achieved together with a reduction in the dose to the organs at risk (OARs). This can for certain cases lead to an increased tumour control probability (TCP) at the same time as the probabilities for normal tissue complications (NTCP) and radiation-induced secondary cancers are reduced. However, there are challenges with PBT, in the form of uncertainties in the dose delivery to the patient, due to different influencing factors. These perturbing factors are contributing to the uncertainties during different steps in the RT flow process, from the treatment planning to the irradiation. In the present work, a comparative treatment planning study of PBT and photon RT for a few clinical liver- and stomach-cancer cases were performed with the aim of determining possible advantages of PBT. The treatment planning comparisons were performed by means of dosimetric evaluations and by use of tissue response models. The later included the calculation of TCP and NTCP as well as the assessment of risk of radiation-induced secondary cancer for the two compared RT techniques. A total of eleven patients previously treated with RT at Karolinska University Hospital were included in the study. Three of these patients had been treated for liver cancer and eight for stomach cancer. The photon plans which had been used in the real treatments at the hospital were taken as reference plans. The treatment planning for the liver cancer cases had been performed on conventional CT images, but 4D-CT images were used for target definition to account for the target motion.  Three distinct CT images were used in the planning of the stomach cancer cases, the original CT image study on which the photon plans had been done and two CT image studies with artificially changed physical density for some of the internal organs to simulate different possible fillings of the stomach. The extra- or reduced gas filling was drawn on the CT slices by the radiation oncologist to estimate two worst-case scenarios for changes in density within the irradiated volume. The results indicate an improved target dose conformity, dose homogeneity and sparing of OARs for the PBT plans compared to the photon RT plans for the two clinical cases studied. The sparing of the OARs was also observed in the form of decreased NTCP for the PBT plans. The PBT plans showed to be worse than the photon plans when some structures were replaced by air and water. In the case of extra air there was a shift of the higher doses beyond the distal edge of the planned proton range which caused both an increase of the irradiated volumes of sensitive normal tissues and of the maximum doses to the OARs. In the case of extra water in the stomach, the maximum range of the protons was reduced causing target underdosage.  The calculations of probabilities for radiation-induced secondary malignancies indicated a reduced risk for all the OARs with the proton plans for the liver cancer cases. For the stomach cancer cases, reduced risks were obtained for induction of cancer in the liver but an increased risk was calculated for the bowel(-)PTV, with the proton- compared to the photon-plans. The results of the calculations of risk for radiation-induced cancer in the kidneys were inconclusive. The assessment of risk of secondary cancer for other organs, not delineated in this work (to obtain the whole body risk), is needed in order to obtain more comprehensive and clinically useful results.
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50

Huang, Fung-yu, and 黃鳳如. "Pathogenetic aspects of helicobacter pylori infection in gastric cancer: a study on the role of inflammatorycytokine and gene methylation." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 2009. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B4370363X.

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