Journal articles: 'Stockpile management'

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Yang, Xingyu, Yuchun Huang, and Qiulan Zhang. "Automatic Stockpile Extraction and Measurement Using 3D Point Cloud and Multi-Scale Directional Curvature." Remote Sensing 12, no. 6 (March 16, 2020): 960. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/rs12060960.

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With the rapid increase of power supply demand, a large amount of stockpiles of coal have been formed during the process of coal excavation and transportation between the mines, ports, power plants and etc. Quantitative parameters, especially the volume of stockpile are important for the planning of coal production and consumption. Although laser scanning can collect the dense 3D coordinates of the stockpile surface for its quantification, stockpiles of coal have irregular shape, size, height, and base conditions, and may be overlapped with each other, which makes it hard to measure the different stockpiles automatically and accurately. This paper proposes an algorithm to extract and measure the stockpiles from the 3D point cloud data using the multi-scale directional curvature. Firstly, the second-order directional curvature analysis along multiple directions and at multiple scales is proposed to extract the distinctive ridge of crest in the point cloud of stockpiles. Then, starting with the crest points, a competitive growing strategy is proposed to accurately locate the points of slope in the stockpile. Finally, the stockpile’s volume is calculated by reconstructing the complete points of crest and slope with many meshes and triangular prisms through the subsurface fitting and surface reconstruction. Experiments on both the synthetic and real point cloud of stockpiles demonstrate that the proposed algorithm can extract the stockpiles with the average accuracy over 93.5% and measure the volume of stockpiles with the average precision over 93.7%. It is promising for automatically measuring the stockpiles like sand, soybean, etc., and facilitating the scientific storage and transportation management, as well as the maintenance of safety inventory during operation.

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Young, Aaron, and William Pratt Rogers. "Modelling Large Heaped Fill Stockpiles Using FMS Data." Minerals 11, no. 6 (June 15, 2021): 636. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/min11060636.

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The frequent best practice for managing large low-grade run-of-mine (ROM) stockpiles is to average the entire stockpile to only one grade. Modern ore control and mineral processing procedures need better precision. Low-precision models hinder the ability to create a digital mine-to-mill model and optimize the holistic mining process. Prior to processing, poorly characterized stockpiles are often drilled and sampled, despite there being no geological reason for relationships between samples to exist. Stockpile management is also influenced by reserve accounting and lacks a common operational workflow. This paper provides a review of base and precious metal run-of-mine (ROM) pre-crusher stockpiles in the mining industry, and demonstrates how to build a spatial model of a large long-term stockpile using fleet management system (FMS) data and geostatistical code in Python and R Studio. We demonstrate a framework for modelling a stockpile believed to be readily workable for most modern mines through use of established geostatistical modelling techniques applied to the type of data generated in a FMS. In the method presented, each bench of the stockpile is modeled as its own geological domain. Size of dump loads is assumed to contain the same volume of material and grade values that match those of the grade data tracked in the FMS. Despite the limitations of these inputs, existing interpolation techniques can lead to increased understanding of the grade distribution within stockpiles. Using the framework demonstrated in this paper, engineers and stockpile managers will be able to leverage operational data into valuable insight for empowered decision making and smoother operations.

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Campbell, Quentin Peter, Marco le Roux, and Fardis Nakhaei. "Coal Moisture Variations in Response to Rainfall Event in Mines and Coal-Fired Power Plant Stockpiles—Part 1: Runoff, Infiltration, and Drainage." Minerals 11, no. 12 (December 3, 2021): 1365. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/min11121365.

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Excessive coal moisture leads to a lower heating value and power plant efficiency, and increased transportation costs. Therefore, coal stockpile management and moisture control are particularly important in regions with heavy precipitation. This paper and Part 2 address factors influencing moisture retention and migration in coal stockpiles. Part 1 of this paper series simulates phenomena of runoff, infiltration, and drainage in a stockpile after a rainfall event. Part 2 reports the effect of coal particle size and climate conditions on the rate and depth of moisture evaporation process within a coal stockpile. To perform this study, two coal samples were collected from the Witbank mine in South Africa. The results of the present study showed that smaller interparticulate void spaces because of the compaction or fines particles (−0.5 mm fraction) inhibited infiltration, leading to increased runoff volume. An increase stockpile slope increased the amount of runoff due to coal–water contact time reduction. The ability of heavy rainfall to destroy near-surface structures (erosion) happened more readily at stockpiles with high slopes and high fine content. The fine content significantly influenced the dewatering efficiency of drainage. Coals with higher ash contents had stronger moisture retention ability than that of other coals even though coals with low ash contents had a high fine content. This was ascribed to the contribution of the clay minerals, such as kaolinite, in the high ash coal. The results of this paper can be used for the effective management of coal stockpiles to prevent excessive moisture in stockpiles for the best possible utilisation of coal in power plants.

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Mason, Joanne, Hilary A. Sandler, and Laura K. Hunsberger. "Evaluation of Sand Stockpiles as Potential Sources of Cranberry Weeds." Weed Technology 20, no. 1 (March 2006): 58–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.1614/wt-04-313r.1.

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Sand stockpiles, located near commercial cranberry beds in Massachusetts, New Jersey, Washington, and Wisconsin, were sampled quarterly over a 2-yr period. Samples were collected from the surface and the interior of the piles. Utilizing a simple greenhouse germination bioassay, 74 plant species representing 23 plant families were identified across all locations and samples. Plant density varied by region and by sampling depth; species richness varied by region only. More seedlings germinated from samples taken from the surface of the stockpile compared with interior samples. Almost half of all species detected in either surface or interior samples were represented by only one seedling. Fifty-nine percent of the plant species from Massachusetts and New Jersey samples, and 79% and 96% of the plant species from Wisconsin and Washington, respectively, were considered to be weeds in cranberry production. Only one-third of the identified species had wind-blown seeds; seed dispersal was by other mechanisms in almost half of the species. This survey documented the weed management implications of spreading stockpiled sand on cranberry bogs for horticultural or pest management purposes. To minimize the introduction of additional weed problems, growers and integrated pest management consultants should evaluate the seedbank potential of a stockpile prior to application of the sand to the production area.

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Naylor, T. A., S. G. Wiedemann, F. A. Phillips, B. Warren, E. J. McGahan, and C. M. Murphy. "Emissions of nitrous oxide, ammonia and methane from Australian layer-hen manure storage with a mitigation strategy applied." Animal Production Science 56, no. 9 (2016): 1367. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/an15584.

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Greenhouse gas and ammonia emissions are important environmental impacts from manure management in the layer-hen industry. The present study aimed to quantify emissions of nitrous oxide (N2O), methane (CH4) and ammonia (NH3) from layer-hen manure stockpiles, and assess the use of an impermeable cover as an option to mitigate emissions. Gaseous emissions of N2O, CH4 and NH3 were measured using open-path FTIR spectroscopy and the emission strengths were inferred using a backward Lagrangian stochastic model. Emission factors were calculated from the relationship between gaseous emissions and stockpile inputs over a 32-day measurement period. Total NH3 emissions were 5.97 ± 0.399 kg/t (control) and 0.732 ± 0.116 kg/t (mitigation), representing an 88% reduction due to mitigation. Total CH4 emissions from the mitigation stockpile were 0.0832 ± 0.0198 kg/t. Methane emissions from the control and N2O emissions (control and mitigation) were below detection. The mass of each stockpile was 27 820 kg (control) and 25 120 kg (mitigation), with a surface area of ~68 m2 and a volume of ~19 m3. Total manure nitrogen (N) and volatile solids (VS) were 25.2 and 25.8 kg/t N, and 139 and 106 kg/t VS for the control and mitigation stockpiles respectively. Emission factors for NH3 were 24% and 3% of total N for the control and mitigation respectively. Methane from the mitigation stockpile had a CH4 conversion factor of 0.3%. The stockpile cover was found to reduce greenhouse gas emissions by 74% compared with the control treatment, primarily via reduced NH3 and associated indirect N2O emissions.

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Zhao, Shi, Tien-Fu Lu, Ben Koch, and Alan Hurdsman. "3D stockpile modelling and quality calculation for continuous stockpile management." International Journal of Mineral Processing 140 (July 2015): 32–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.minpro.2015.04.012.

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Alsayed, Ahmad, Akilu Yunusa-Kaltungo, Mark K. Quinn, Farshad Arvin, and Mostafa R. A. Nabawy. "Drone-Assisted Confined Space Inspection and Stockpile Volume Estimation." Remote Sensing 13, no. 17 (August 24, 2021): 3356. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/rs13173356.

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The accuracy of stockpile estimations is of immense criticality to process optimisation and overall financial decision making within manufacturing operations. Despite well-established correlations between inventory management and profitability, safe deployment of stockpile measurement and inspection activities remain challenging and labour-intensive. This is perhaps owing to a combination of size, shape irregularity as well as the health hazards of cement manufacturing raw materials and products. Through a combination of simulations and real-life assessment within a fully integrated cement plant, this study explores the potential of drones to safely enhance the accuracy of stockpile volume estimations. Different types of LiDAR sensors in combination with different flight trajectory options were fully assessed through simulation whilst mapping representative stockpiles placed in both open and fully confined areas. During the real-life assessment, a drone was equipped with GPS for localisation, in addition to a 1D LiDAR and a barometer for stockpile height estimation. The usefulness of the proposed approach was established based on mapping of a pile with unknown volume in an open area, as well as a pile with known volume within a semi-confined area. Visual inspection of the generated stockpile surface showed strong correlations with the actual pile within the open area, and the volume of the pile in the semi-confined area was accurately measured. Finally, a comparative analysis of cost and complexity of the proposed solution to several existing initiatives revealed its proficiency as a low-cost robotic system within confined spaces whereby visibility, air quality, humidity, and high temperature are unfavourable.

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Mahlberg, Justin Anthony, Raja Manish, Yerassyl Koshan, Mina Joseph, Jidong Liu, Timothy Wells, Jeremy McGuffey, Ayman Habib, and Darcy M. Bullock. "Salt Stockpile Inventory Management Using LiDAR Volumetric Measurements." Remote Sensing 14, no. 19 (September 26, 2022): 4802. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/rs14194802.

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Transportation agencies in northern environments spend a considerable amount of their budget on salt for winter operations. For example, in the state of Indiana, there are approximately 140 salt storage facilities distributed throughout the state and the state expends between USD 30 M and USD 60 M on inventory and delivery each year. Historical techniques of relying on visual estimates of salt stockpiles can be inaccurate and do not scale well for managing the supply chain during the winter or planning for re-supply during summer months. This paper describes the implementation of a portable pole mounted LiDAR system that can be used to inventory a large barn in under 15 min and describes how this system has been deployed over 90 times at 30 facilities. A quick and easy accuracy test, based upon conservation of volume, was used to provide an independent check on the system performance by repositioning portions of the salt pile. Those tests indicated stockpile volumes can be estimated with an accuracy of approximately 0.1%. The paper concludes by discussing how this technology can be permanently installed near the roof for systematic monitoring throughout the year.

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Liu, Jidong, Seyyed Meghdad Hasheminasab, Tian Zhou, Raja Manish, and Ayman Habib. "An Image-Aided Sparse Point Cloud Registration Strategy for Managing Stockpiles in Dome Storage Facilities." Remote Sensing 15, no. 2 (January 14, 2023): 504. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/rs15020504.

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Stockpile volume estimation plays a critical role in several industrial/commercial bulk material management applications. LiDAR systems are commonly used for this task. Thanks to Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS) signal availability in outdoor environments, Uncrewed Aerial Vehicles (UAV) equipped with LiDAR are frequently adopted for the derivation of dense point clouds, which can be used for stockpile volume estimation. For indoor facilities, static LiDAR scanners are usually used for the acquisition of point clouds from multiple locations. Acquired point clouds are then registered to a common reference frame. Registration of such point clouds can be established through the deployment of registration targets, which is not practical for scalable implementation. For scans in facilities bounded by planar walls/roofs, features can be automatically extracted/matched and used for the registration process. However, monitoring stockpiles stored in dome facilities remains to be a challenging task. This study introduces an image-aided fine registration strategy of acquired sparse point clouds in dome facilities, where roof and roof stringers are extracted, matched, and modeled as quadratic surfaces and curves. These features are then used in a Least Squares Adjustment (LSA) procedure to derive well-aligned LiDAR point clouds. Planar features, if available, can also be used in the registration process. Registered point clouds can then be used for accurate volume estimation of stockpiles. The proposed approach is evaluated using datasets acquired by a recently developed camera-assisted LiDAR mapping platform—Stockpile Monitoring and Reporting Technology (SMART). Experimental results from three datasets indicate the capability of the proposed approach in producing well-aligned point clouds acquired inside dome facilities, with a feature fitting error in the 0.03–0.08 m range.

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10

Lang, Helen. "The Stockpile Thesis and Industrial Relations at Kambalda." Journal of Industrial Relations 28, no. 3 (September 1986): 353–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/002218568602800303.

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Some recent work on industrial relations in the Australian minirtg industry has focused on a close relationship between the incidence of strikes and the stockpiling of the mineral mined. It is argued that when demand for a mineral falls and the stockpile grows, management can afford the disruption to production caused by strikes. Hence management will take action to provoke strikes by introducing changes in work practices it knows will be opposed by unionists. Not only are the unions more likely to be defeated, but the company concerned is also able to reduce the size of its stockpile of ore. A case-study of the nickel-mining centre of Kambalda in Western Australia suggests that the size of the stockpile isfar less relevant when management and unions have a consensual approach to industrial relations. The stockpile is a strategic variable rather than a cause of industrial disputes. Whether the stockpile is manipulated as part of management's strategy will depend on innumerable, interdependent factors, including the organization of social life in a mining town and whether effective co operative relations develop between managers and unions.

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Sanders, Lani Miyoshi, Sharon M. DeLand, and Arian L. Pregenzer. "INTEGRATING NUCLEAR WEAPONS STOCKPILE MANAGEMENT AND NUCLEAR ARMS CONTROL OBJECTIVES TO ENABLE SIGNIFICANT STOCKPILE REDUCTIONS." Nonproliferation Review 17, no. 3 (November 2010): 475–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/10736700.2010.516997.

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Chapman, Jessica L., Lu Lu, and Christine M. Anderson-Cook. "Using Multiple Criteria Optimization and Two-Stage Genetic Algorithms to Select a Population Management Strategy with Optimized Reliability." Complexity 2018 (November 13, 2018): 1–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2018/7242105.

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An important aspect of good management of inventory for many single-use populations or stockpiles is to develop an informed consumption strategy to use a collection of single-use units, with varied reliability as a function of age, during scheduled operations. We present a two-phase approach to balance multiple objectives for a consumption strategy to ensure good performance on the average reliability, consistency of unit reliability over time, and least uncertainty of the reliability estimates. In the first phase, a representative subset of units is selected to explore the impact of using units at different time points on reliability performance and to identify beneficial consumption patterns using a nondominated sorting genetic algorithm based on multiple objectives. In the second phase, the results from the first phase are projected back to the full stockpile as a starting point for determining best consumption strategies that emphasize the priorities of the manager. The method can be generalized to other criteria of interest and management optimization strategies. The method is illustrated with an example that shares characteristics with some munition stockpiles and demonstrates the substantial advantages of the two-phase approach on the quality of solutions and efficiency of finding them.

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Hao, Na, H. Holly Wang, and Qingjie Zhou. "The impact of online grocery shopping on stockpile behavior in Covid-19." China Agricultural Economic Review 12, no. 3 (August 14, 2020): 459–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/caer-04-2020-0064.

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PurposeThis research is to examine the impact of online channels on food stockpile behavior.Design/methodology/approachIn this study, we use bivariate probit models to empirically investigate the impact of online purchasing channels on Chinese urban consumer food hoarding behaviors with random survey samples.FindingsResults show that fresh food e-commerce channels are more likely to be associated with panic stockpile behaviors due to higher likelihood of supply shortages than offline channels with government assistance in logistic management. In contrast, community group buy, another format of e-commerce, appears superior in satisfying the consumer needs and easing the panic buying perception.Practical implicationsIt suggests that online channels may have diverse impacts on consumers' panic stockpiling behaviors during the extreme situations. Online channels need to develop efficient supply chains to be more resilient to extreme situations and the government shall recognize the increasing share of the online channels together with traditional offline channels when implementing supporting policies.Social implicationsWith ever increasing share of online channels, it is imperative in terms of policy implications to understand how would online channels affect hoarding behavior.Originality/valueWe are the first study in online shopping's impact on food stockpile during pandemics using a random sample. Although food stockpile behavior at times of emergency have been investigated in many literature, there are no empirical studies on the impact of online channels on stockpile behaviors under extreme situations. Unlike disasters that immediately impact every entity in supply chains covering producers, vendors, distribution centers and retailers, pandemics did not render supply chains affected immediately, but rather increase consumers' willingness to shop online to avoid virus. Thus, Covid-19 provides a natural experiment to investigate the online channels' impact on stockpile behavior.

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Putri, Inda Pratama, Janiar Pitulima, and Mardiah Mardiah. "Evaluasi Kualitas Batubara dari Front Penambangan Hingga Stockpile di Pit 1 Banko Barat PT Bukit Asam Tbk Tanjung Enim." MINERAL 4, no. 1 (April 30, 2019): 1–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.33019/mineral.v4i1.1586.

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Mining Pit 1 Banko Barat in Bukit Asam is a mining location that used open pit system of mining. Coal quality is an important part of the mining industry, because it's related directly to coal marketing. Coal sampling test process which determine quality prove that quality in front mining and stockpile is decreasing from recent month with 4903 Kcal/kg. The decreasing in quality will also result in price reduction. Based on that condition, evaluation of coal sampling quality test result needs to be done to discover the cause of quality decreasing, so that various efforts can be made to increase quality to match the price standard. Research method using proximate and ultimate analysis for coal quality. There are 20 coal samples used in the front, 24 samples in stockpile and 8 samples in temporary stockpile. Coal quality in front mining has 28.24% total moisture, 13.8% inherent moisture, 2.11% ash content, 33.81% volatile matter, 35.98% fixed carbon, 0.42% total sulphur and 4,987.5 kcal/kg. Coal quality in stockpile has 28.35% total moisture, 14.26% inherent moisture, 3.73% ash content, 33.87% volatile matter, 34.09% fixed carbon, 0.41% total sulphur and 4,908.5 kcal/kg. Irrelevance factor is caused by water puddle, mining process, coal cumulation that stays too long in temporary stockpile and spontaneous combustion. Efforts that can be done to handle irregularities are drainage system and pump additions, mining process optimization, FIFO management system implementation and spontaneous combustion handling.

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Raeva, P. L., S. L. Filipova, and D. G. Filipov. "VOLUME COMPUTATION OF A STOCKPILE – A STUDY CASE COMPARING GPS AND UAV MEASUREMENTS IN AN OPEN PIT QUARRY." ISPRS - International Archives of the Photogrammetry, Remote Sensing and Spatial Information Sciences XLI-B1 (June 6, 2016): 999–1004. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/isprs-archives-xli-b1-999-2016.

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The following paper aims to test and evaluate the accuracy of UAV data for volumetric measurements to the conventional GNSS techniques. For this purpose, an appropriate open pit quarry has been chosen. Two sets of measurements were performed. Firstly, a stockpile was measured by GNSS technologies and later other terrestrial GNSS measurements for modelling the berms of the quarry were taken. Secondly, the area of the whole quarry including the stockpile site was mapped by a UAV flight. Having considered how dynamic our world is, new techniques and methods should be presented in numerous fields. For instance, the management of an open pit quarry requires gaining, processing and storing a large amount of information which is constantly changing with time. Fast and precise acquisition of measurements regarding the process taking place in a quarry is the key to an effective and stable maintenance. In other words, this means getting an objective evaluations of the processes, using up-to-date technologies and reliable accuracy of the results. Often legislations concerning mine engineering state that the volumetric calculations are to present ±3% accuracy of the whole amount. On one hand, extremely precise measurements could be performed by GNSS technologies, however, it could be really time consuming. On the other hand, UAV photogrammetry presents a fast, accurate method for mapping large areas and calculating stockpiles volumes. The study case was performed as a part of a master thesis.

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Raeva, P. L., S. L. Filipova, and D. G. Filipov. "VOLUME COMPUTATION OF A STOCKPILE – A STUDY CASE COMPARING GPS AND UAV MEASUREMENTS IN AN OPEN PIT QUARRY." ISPRS - International Archives of the Photogrammetry, Remote Sensing and Spatial Information Sciences XLI-B1 (June 6, 2016): 999–1004. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/isprsarchives-xli-b1-999-2016.

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The following paper aims to test and evaluate the accuracy of UAV data for volumetric measurements to the conventional GNSS techniques. For this purpose, an appropriate open pit quarry has been chosen. Two sets of measurements were performed. Firstly, a stockpile was measured by GNSS technologies and later other terrestrial GNSS measurements for modelling the berms of the quarry were taken. Secondly, the area of the whole quarry including the stockpile site was mapped by a UAV flight. Having considered how dynamic our world is, new techniques and methods should be presented in numerous fields. For instance, the management of an open pit quarry requires gaining, processing and storing a large amount of information which is constantly changing with time. Fast and precise acquisition of measurements regarding the process taking place in a quarry is the key to an effective and stable maintenance. In other words, this means getting an objective evaluations of the processes, using up-to-date technologies and reliable accuracy of the results. Often legislations concerning mine engineering state that the volumetric calculations are to present ±3% accuracy of the whole amount. On one hand, extremely precise measurements could be performed by GNSS technologies, however, it could be really time consuming. On the other hand, UAV photogrammetry presents a fast, accurate method for mapping large areas and calculating stockpiles volumes. The study case was performed as a part of a master thesis.

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Freudenstein, U. "Chemical incident management gaseous emissions from a stockpile of coal." Public Health 114, no. 1 (January 2000): 41–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0033-3506(00)00307-3.

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Ewing, Kylie, Lucas T. Neira, Teresa Steckler, William T. Meteer, and Daniel W. Shike. "PSXIII-18 Effects of Spring and Fall Stockpile Grazing Management System on Performance of Fall-Calving Beef Cows, pre-Weaning Calf Performance, and Forage Characteristics." Journal of Animal Science 100, Supplement_3 (September 21, 2022): 318–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/jas/skac247.581.

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Abstract The objective was to compare the effects of tall fescue grazing systems utilizing either rotational grazing only or rotational grazing and spring and fall stockpiling on beef cow body condition and reproductive performance, calf pre-weaning performance, and forage characteristics. Over 2 years, multiparous, fall-calving cows (n = 360/year; BW = 600 ± 64 kg; gestation = 113 ± 8.5 d) were randomly assigned to 1 of 2 treatments (3 reps/treatment/year); 1) rotational grazing and spring and fall stockpile grazing (SP) and 2) rotational grazing only (CON). Treatments were initiated in late April and terminated in late December each year. Pastures were 48.4 ha/replicate. The CON pastures were divided into eight (6.05 ha) paddocks and cows rotated every 5 days. Twenty-five percent of SP pastures (12.1 ha) were stockpiled for initial 112 days with remaining 75% rotationally grazed (6 paddocks; rotated weekly). An additional 50% (24.2 ha) was stockpiled for 95 days starting early August. Strip-grazing was utilized when grazing stockpiled forage. Forage availability into new paddock was greater in SP than CON during grazing rounds 4, 5, and 6 (P ≤ 0.01), coinciding with grazing of stockpiled forage. Grazing days were increased 24 days for SP versus CON (P ≤ 0.01). Hay fed per cow was reduced in SP compared to CON (59 kg vs. 347 kg, respectively; P ≤ 0.01). Cow BW did not differ at trial end (P = 0.13) however, BCS was greater for CON than SP (5.3 vs. 5.1, respectively; P ≤ 0.01). No differences (P ≥ 0.14) were observed in AI or overall pregnancy rate between treatments. There were no differences in calf birth or weaning BW (P = 0.30) between treatments. Overall, utilization of spring and fall stockpiling system had little impact on cow and calf performance but increased grazing days.

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Dunstan, William A., Kay Howard, Andrew Grigg, Christopher Shaw, Treena I. Burgess, and Giles E. St J. Hardy. "Towards Eradication of Phytophthora cinnamomi Using a Fallow Approach in a Mediterranean Climate." Forests 11, no. 10 (October 16, 2020): 1101. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/f11101101.

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While eradication from haul roads was achieved, more work is required to eradicate P. cinnamomi from stockpiles and bunds. We can now implement different management strategies to the construction of bunds and stockpiles to facilitate eradication. Infestation by Phytophthora cinnamomi results in large financial and management constraints to environmental managers. This pathogen was considered impossible to eradicate until recent success with treatments including host removal, herbicide and fungicide application, soil fumigation and physical root barriers. We investigated the most benign of these treatments; keeping the area devoid of living host material. In a Western Australian mine site within a Mediterranean climate, haul roads, stockpiles and roadside bunds had P. cinnamomi colonised Pinus stem plugs buried at multiple depths. Over time, we examined the effects of soil moisture and temperature in different soil conditions and types to compare the recovery of the pathogen. Results: Within 12 months, the pathogen could not be recovered from the haul roads. In the stockpiles, depth produced significantly different results. In 3 of the 4 sites, the pathogen was not recovered at 10 cm after 20 months. By 12 months, at 50 cm, there was an 80% reduction in recovery, but only one stockpile had no recovery from 50 cm, which occurred by 36 months. Bunds were up to 1.75 m high and had variable results for plugs buried at 30 cm, influenced by height, the types of soils and shading. One of the smallest bunds was the only bund where the pathogen was not recoverable (by 22 months). This study provides strong support for using a fallow period to reduce or eliminate P. cinnamomi inoculum.

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Gangwar, Manish, Nanda Kumar, and Ram C. Rao. "Pricing Under Dynamic Competition When Loyal Consumers Stockpile." Marketing Science 40, no. 3 (May 2021): 569–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.1287/mksc.2020.1262.

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Maskery, Brian, Denise DeRoeck, Ann Levin, Young Eun Kim, Thomas F. Wierzba, and John D. Clemens. "Strategy, Demand, Management, and Costs of an International Cholera Vaccine Stockpile." Journal of Infectious Diseases 208, suppl_1 (November 1, 2013): S15—S22. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/infdis/jit233.

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Zhao, Shi, Tien-Fu Lu, Ben Koch, and Alan Hurdsman. "Automatic quality estimation in blending using a 3D stockpile management model." Advanced Engineering Informatics 29, no. 3 (August 2015): 680–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.aei.2015.07.002.

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Liu, Fang, Jing-Sheng Song, and Jordan D. Tong. "Building Supply Chain Resilience through Virtual Stockpile Pooling." Production and Operations Management 25, no. 10 (June 14, 2016): 1745–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/poms.12573.

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Miller, Jessica, Geeva Varghese, Rob Holland, and Tom Coolbaugh. "Large Scale Dispersant Stockpiles – Product Selection Considerations and Inventory Management." International Oil Spill Conference Proceedings 2017, no. 1 (May 1, 2017): 2017263. http://dx.doi.org/10.7901/2169-3358-2017.1.000263.

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Dispersant use can be a critical component of an effective response to larger offshore oil spills. When used appropriately, dispersants can reduce the potential for long term environmental damage by preventing oil slicks from entering sensitive near shore environments or stranding on shorelines. Preparedness is essential for successful dispersant application – product selection and inventory management are critical elements for ensuring global dispersant stockpiles are response ready. Product Selection: A number of factors need to be carefully considered while selecting specific dispersants, especially in the case of large scale response-related inventories. These include: Breadth of Approvals: The existing global landscape of dispersant approvals is varied and needs to be understood in order to support international response readiness. Availability/Diversity of data demonstrating effectiveness: It is important to have credible data relating to effectiveness on a wide diversity of oils (light to heavy, crudes to refined products) and how performance may be affected as oils weather. Performance data should be available that show how well products work at different temperatures and different dispersant to oil ratios. In general, it is important to ensure that selected products have the broadest applicability for the variety of circumstances that may arise. Availability/Diversity of data on responder safety and potential toxicity to marine life: It is important to have as much credible data as possible with respect to any health concerns for response personnel and/or toxicity concerns regarding marine life. Availability of this information from reliable sources, e.g., peer reviewed journals and publications, is needed for regulatory approval and support of dispersant use decisions. Stockpile Maintenance: A robust maintenance program is required to ensure the structural integrity and chemical quality/effectiveness of dispersant stockpiles. Visual Inspection: Aligned with routine equipment maintenance programs, visual inspection focuses on storage conditions, identification labeling, container defects/damage, leaks and changes to colour and clarity over time. Effectiveness Testing: A simple and repeatable sampling and chemical analysis protocol for dispersant effectiveness is necessary. Two global Oil Spill Response Organizations (OSROs) with large scale dispersant stockpiles (i.e. Tier III Inventories) have collaboratively developed a large scale dispersant inventory management regime in consultation with the Oil and Gas Industry. This paper will describe the development and implementation of the regime and highlight some of the challenges including dispersant shelf-life, validity of testing data and regulatory approval.

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Jones, J. C. "Spontaneous heating of a coal stockpile." Journal of Loss Prevention in the Process Industries 22, no. 4 (July 2009): 553. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jlp.2009.04.003.

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d’Autume, M., A. Perry, J. M. Morel, E. Meinhardt-Llopis, and G. Facciolo. "STOCKPILE MONITORING USING LINEAR SHAPE-FROM-SHADING ON PLANETSCOPE IMAGERY." ISPRS Annals of Photogrammetry, Remote Sensing and Spatial Information Sciences V-2-2020 (August 3, 2020): 427–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/isprs-annals-v-2-2020-427-2020.

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Abstract. The storage and management of stockpiles of materials is a fundamental process in large scale activities such as mining, civil engineering, and in the management of waste landfill sites. Following the evolution of stocks has always been important, and advancements in remote sensing technology are not only facilitating this, but also making it possible in near real-time. Nowadays, this monitoring appears to be performed almost exclusively using UAV based techniques. This paper proposes to apply a simple Shape-from-Shading method on low resolution satellite images provided by PlanetScope to monitor the evolution of the volume of stockpiles. The proposed Shape-from-Shading formulation makes it possible to handle occluding objects in the scene. The loss in accuracy due to the low resolution of PlanetScope images is well compensated by the daily revisit frequency and by the fact that spaceborne acquisitions require no human supervision. With satellites it is also easy to follow simultaneously several stocking sites all over the world. We test our method on two coal storage sites and demonstrate that the stockpiles are well detected.

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Twight, Charlotte. "THE POLITICAL ECONOMY OF THE NATIONAL DEFENSE STOCKPILE." Review of Policy Research 8, no. 4 (June 1989): 774–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1541-1338.1989.tb00995.x.

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Ferreira, Thiago Rios, José Aurélio Medeiros da Luz, and Matheus Henrique de Castro. "Live volume of conical stockpile reclaimed by gravity." Research, Society and Development 11, no. 6 (April 23, 2022): e13511628908. http://dx.doi.org/10.33448/rsd-v11i6.28908.

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Bulk solid stockpile reclaiming by gravity through bottom reclaimers at the base is a common method in the industry, as it is inexpensive, although it requires large plant floor areas. The complexity of actual particulate systems and the configuration of the recovery system often makes the quantitative prediction of dead volumes after recovery difficult, especially if historical or experimental data are not available. Incremental advances in design criteria and innovation can result in remarkable gains, due to the large amount of bulk materials currently handled. Research in this field, therefore, is still of importance. This article addresses the live volume fraction of conical stockpile recovered through underground hoppers and conveyor belt, comparing bench-scale empirical data with indirect measurements by drone-based aerial photogrammetry and mathematical modeling, via analytical geometry and computational simulation employing cellular automata. The results have shown excellent statistical adherence of the estimates both via photogrammetry and mathematical modeling.

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A. Proano, Ruben, Sheldon H. Jacobson, and Janet A. Jokela. "A multi-attribute approach for setting pediatric vaccine stockpile levels." Journal of Industrial & Management Optimization 6, no. 4 (2010): 709–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.3934/jimo.2010.6.709.

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Tincher, Terry. "Overview of the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention’s Chemical Weapons Disposal Oversight Program." Marine Technology Society Journal 43, no. 4 (October 1, 2009): 132–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.4031/mtsj.43.4.5.

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AbstractIn the early 1970s, the U.S. Congress mandated destruction of outdated chemical weapons. The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) is required by law to review plans for transportation and disposal of chemical warfare materials to ensure adequate protection of public health and safety. Plans must describe methods and facilities and include destruction schedules and facility management. CDC’s Chemical Weapons Elimination program protects “public health and safety by reviewing, advising, and making recommendations on the safe disposal and transportation of stockpile and non-stockpile chemical warfare agents.”As part of its oversight role, the program formed partnerships with agencies such as state health departments, local medical facilities, and state environmental departments. CDC provides guidance and expertise to address issues and concerns of officials and the public. CDC also works with local citizens’ advisory committees and federal agencies to address issues for workers and the local areas.Chemical warfare agents in the U.S. stockpile are destroyed by several methods, including incineration and chemical processing with caustic products. Technologies used to destroy recovered chemical warfare materiel include transportable treatment systems.The U.S. Army is a world leader in chemical weapons elimination. More than a decade of experience demonstrates that these weapons can be destroyed safely, without harm to destruction-facility employees, the community, or the environment. This portion of the article focuses on the history and challenges of systems that safely destroy chemical weapons and how they must be considered for plans to recover and destroy underwater chemical munitions.

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Sukmada, Uman, Romie Oktovianus Bura, R. DJoko Andreas Navalino, and Ekanesti Ruswidia Sari. "DEVELOPMENT OF AUTOMATED BIOMETRICS SYSTEMS FOR STOCKPILE MANAGEMENT OF WEAPONS AND WEAPONS SAFETY." International Journal of Education and Social Science Research 05, no. 03 (2022): 155–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.37500/ijessr.2022.5310.

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The safe storage of weapons is crucial for the security of both civilians and security personnel. Storage security is especially precarious in areas suffering from weak governance. This research tries to enhance some aspects of storage security by relatively low-cost improvements in monitoring and the physical security of weapons by designing smart weapon storage system. Physical security measures are provided by the physical storage enclosure itself. Access to open the enclosure are strictly controlled by means of biometric access, specifically iris scan of authorized personnels. This type of biometric access control was chosen to add convenience and responsiveness of authorized personnels to retrieve weapons while maintaining security. To address inventory management and accounting control of weapons, proximity sensors are used to detect whether the weapons can be found inside a controlled environment, that is inside the designed storage enclosure. Specific software was then designed to manage combined use of those sensors and database of authorized personnels.

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Lee, Changyeol, Taehwan Kim, and Giljoo Park. "A Study of the stockpile and mobilization framework for the disaster management resources." Journal of The Korean Society of Disaster Information 11, no. 3 (September 30, 2015): 376–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.15683/kosdi.2015.11.3.376.

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Clark, James, Ken Becker, and Richard Lessard. "MAINTAINING DISPERSANT STOCKPILES AND ASSESSING THEIR QUALITY." International Oil Spill Conference Proceedings 2008, no. 1 (May 1, 2008): 695–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.7901/2169-3358-2008-1-695.

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ABSTRACT Ensuring the capability to mount a rapid and effective dispersant response when needed for an oil spill includes a proactive approach to manage dispersant stockpiles in such a way as to ensure that the quality of the product has not deteriorated over time. This includes 1) storage strategies that minimize potential adverse impacts of environmental elements (heat, cold, and humidity) on the chemical products and on their containers, 2) considerations to check the integrity of storage containers on a regular basis to ensure there is no loss of volatiles or introduction of water vapors (or endeavor to keep these processes to absolute minimums); 3) development and execution of a plan to rotate stock and use up older batches of product during response operations before mobilizing newer product; and 4) design and execution of a rational plan to sample the stored products on a logical and systematic schedule and have them analyzed for chemical quality and effectiveness. This paper provides guidance on approaches to address these 4 areas using information from dispersant manufacturers, response organizations that manage dispersant stockpiles, and results of testing for chemical quality and effectiveness completed for dispersant samples taken from various U.S. stockpiles of Corexit 9527. These data demonstrate that where recommended practices have been followed to ensure quality storage of the dispersants, batches of Corexit that have been held for over 30 years can remain acceptable for spill response contingencies. The recommended stockpile storage and management practices will also be effective in prolonging the useful life of other dispersant products; however their effective shelf life must be determined individually due to differences in the chemical composition of various product lines.

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Burdett, Robert L., Paul Corry, and Colin Eustace. "Stockpile scheduling with geometry constraints in dry bulk terminals." Computers & Operations Research 130 (June 2021): 105224. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.cor.2021.105224.

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Sohn, So Young. "Monitoring declining quality of ammunition stockpile under step stress." Naval Research Logistics 41, no. 6 (October 1994): 707–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/1520-6750(199410)41:6<707::aid-nav3220410603>3.0.co;2-r.

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Zhao, Shi, Tien-Fu Lu, Ben Koch, and Alan Hurdsman. "Dynamic modelling of 3D stockpile for life-cycle management through sparse range point clouds." International Journal of Mineral Processing 125 (December 2013): 61–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.minpro.2013.09.009.

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Bai, Y., C. A. Dahl, D. Q. Zhou, and P. Zhou. "Stockpile strategy for China׳s emergency oil reserve: A dynamic programming approach." Energy Policy 73 (October 2014): 12–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.enpol.2014.05.042.

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Lerner, JD, Ken, and Michael Meshenberg, MCP. "Use of mock media in emergency management exercises: the Chemical Stockpile Emergency Preparedness Program experience." Journal of Emergency Management 12, no. 2 (March 1, 2014): 133. http://dx.doi.org/10.5055/jem.2014.0167.

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Disasters of any kind attract significant attention from news media, and media play an important role in disaster response. In a US government program for hazardous materials preparedness, risk communication functions were incorporated into planning and are demonstrated during response exercises. To provide the best training and most realistic play, exercise controllers play the role of news media reporters—mock media—during these exercises. They attend news conferences, interview exercise players in the field, and make calls to participants. They produce news stories including television reports, newspaper articles, radio spots, blog entries, and social media messages. This allows exercise players to experience how their actions and statements would be represented in the media, more effectively mimicking the environment of a real event.

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Lee, Youn-Ho, Je-Yong Kim, Ki-Sung Moon, and Kye-Shin Lee. "A Study on Stockpile Reliability Program for Effective Life Cycle Management of Domestically Developed Missile." Journal of the Korean Association of Defense Industry Studies 28, no. 1 (June 30, 2021): 81–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.52798/kadis.2021.28.1.7.

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von Winterfeldt, Detlof, and Eric Schweitzer. "An Assessment of Tritium Supply Alternatives in Support of the US Nuclear Weapons Stockpile." Interfaces 28, no. 1 (February 1998): 92–112. http://dx.doi.org/10.1287/inte.28.1.92.

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Son, Seung Woo, Dong Woo Kim, Woong Gi Sung, and Jae Jin Yu. "Integrating UAV and TLS Approaches for Environmental Management: A Case Study of a Waste Stockpile Area." Remote Sensing 12, no. 10 (May 18, 2020): 1615. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/rs12101615.

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A methodology for optimal volume computation for the environmental management of waste stockpiles was derived by integrating the terrestrial laser scanning (TLS) and unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) technologies. Among the UAV-based point clouds generated under various flight scenarios, the most accurate point cloud was selected for analysis. The root mean square errors (RMSEs) of the TLS- and UAV-based methods were 0.202 and 0.032 m, respectively, and the volume computation yielded 41,226 and 41,526 m3, respectively. Both techniques showed high accuracy but also exhibited drawbacks in terms of their spatial features and efficiency. The TLS and UAV methods required 800 and 340 min, respectively, demonstrating the high efficiency of the UAV method. The RMSE and volume obtained using the TLS/UAV fusion model were calculated as 0.030 m and 41,232 m3, respectively. The UAV approach generally yielded high point cloud accuracy and volume computation efficiency.

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Park, Sangwon, KeunSig Yoon, and HyukDae Kwon. "An Empirical Study on the Financial Performance of Ammunition Stockpile Reliability Program upon the Defense Management." Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society 16, no. 1 (January 31, 2015): 266–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.5762/kais.2015.16.1.266.

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Waselenko, Jamie K. "Medical Management of the Acute Radiation Syndrome: Recommendations of the Strategic National Stockpile Radiation Working Group." Annals of Internal Medicine 140, no. 12 (June 15, 2004): 1037. http://dx.doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-140-12-200406150-00015.

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Wilkinson, W. L. "Management of the UK plutonium stockpile: the economic case for burning as MOX in new PWRs." Interdisciplinary Science Reviews 26, no. 4 (December 2001): 303–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.1179/isr.2001.26.4.303.

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Iftekhar, Adnan, Xiaohui Cui, and Yiping Yang. "Blockchain Technology for Trustworthy Operations in the Management of Strategic Grain Reserves." Foods 10, no. 10 (September 29, 2021): 2323. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/foods10102323.

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Food is a daily requirement for everyone, while production patterns are seasonal. Producing sufficient nutrients is becoming more difficult because water and soil resources are already stressed and are becoming increasingly strained by climate change. Improving food security requires expertise in various areas, including sophisticated climate models, genetics research, market and household behaviour modelling, political shock modelling, and comprehensive environmental research. Additionally, governments stockpile grains to enhance national food security. These reserves should engage in markets only according to clear and transparent regulations and within defined price ranges to facilitate market functioning. It increases the demand for better technology in public administration to boost the management and distribution capacity while concentrating on improved controls and transparent governance systems. Blockchain technology emerges as a promising technology to enhance visibility, transparency, and data integrity with an immutable distributed ledger to increase trust in the parties’ business transactions. This paper discusses blockchain technology and its potential role in strategic grain reserve management.

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Ding, Luyu, Qikun Lu, Lina Xie, Jie Liu, Wei Cao, Zhengxiang Shi, Baoming Li, Chaoyuan Wang, Guoqiang Zhang, and Shixi Ren. "Greenhouse gas emissions from dairy open lot and manure stockpile in northern China: A case study." Journal of the Air & Waste Management Association 66, no. 3 (February 18, 2016): 267–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/10962247.2015.1124058.

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Rebmann, Terri, Kyle McPhee, Gabriel A. Haas, Leslie Osborne, Alex McPhillips, Steven Rose, and Sanya Vatwani. "Findings from an Assessment and Inventory of a Regional, Decentralized Stockpile." Health Security 16, no. 2 (April 2018): 119–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.1089/hs.2017.0080.

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Narasimhan, Chakravarthi, Scott A. Neslin, and Subrata K. Sen. "Promotional Elasticities and Category Characteristics." Journal of Marketing 60, no. 2 (April 1996): 17–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/002224299606000202.

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The authors study the relationships between product category characteristics and average brand promotional elasticity within the category. They present a framework for understanding these relationships and use it to generate hypotheses. The authors also consider three types of promotions and seven category characteristics. They study 108 product categories and use data compiled from weekly scanner data, scanner panel data, and survey data. Their results indicate that promotional elasticities are higher for categories with relatively fewer number of brands, higher category penetration, shorter interpurchase times, and higher consumer propensity to stockpile. The authors find no statistically significant relationship between promotional elasticity and either impulse buying or private label market share. They discuss the reasons for these results and their managerial implications.

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Zimmerman, Alex. "MAXIMIZING RESTORATION SUCCESS WHEN THE GOOD GROUND IS GONE." Journal of Green Building 12, no. 3 (September 2017): 115–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.3992/1943-4618.12.3.115.

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INTRODUCTION “The good ground is gone” often refers to the challenging nature of construction sites these days. Building on steeper slopes and within tighter boundaries while accelerating construction schedules is adding to the challenge of construction managers. Often the revegetation and restoration is unfortunately not planned or timed for successful long-term vegetation success. Site soil conditions are frequently overlooked and the timing necessary for seed germination, expression, and establishment are rarely factors in determining the schedule of seeding applications for optimum results. All too often less than desired results or failure is the accepted outcome. This will increase the future maintenance costs and encourage the repeated “finger pointing” while seeking to blame one cause or another. Typically, this often-repeated process fails to address the fundamental causes and thereby rarely fixes the problems moving forward. In an effort to break out of this all too often repeated cycle, let's break down the principle challenges and explore options for successful restoration of challenging sites. Successful, long-term revegetation starts with the soil. Without quality soil that takes years to accumulate naturally, revegetation efforts regularly fail or the outcomes are less than ideal. During construction, mining, and general land disturbing activities the soil will be degraded even while practicing the best topsoil harvesting and stock-piling management practices. Many areas where vegetation is desired are essentially mineral without any organic matter or biological activity. When available, stockpiled topsoil will also degrade; the environment within the pile will create conditions that microbes, essential for plant health, will be negatively affected. The longer the stripped soils are stockpiled, the more living organisms are lost. Recommendations and even requirements for limiting the depth of the pile to reduce the loss of beneficial microbes is rarely possible given the tight boundaries of project limits facing site operators. When the stockpile depth is able to be minimized, the pile must also be turned regularly to reduce the loss of the essential nutrient cycling microbiome present in healthy soils.

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Yilmaz, Nihat, and A. Hadi Ozdeniz. "Internet-based monitoring and prediction system of coal stockpile behaviors under atmospheric conditions." Environmental Monitoring and Assessment 162, no. 1-4 (February 24, 2009): 103–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10661-009-0779-y.

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Journal articles on the topic 'Stockpile management'

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