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Academic literature on the topic 'STfR'

Author: Grafiati
Published: 11 March 2023

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Journal articles on the topic "STfR"

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Latif, Abdul, Farhana Hoque, Muhammad Rafiqul Alam, Asia Khanam, Sarwar Iqbal, Muhammad Abdur Rahim, Md Mostarshid Billah, Md Obaidur Rahman, and Tufayel Ahmed Chowdhury. "Serum Soluble Transferrin Receptor-Ferritin Indices in Diagnosing and Differentiating Iron Deficiency Anemia from Anemia of Chronic Disease among Patients with Chronic Kidney Disease." BIRDEM Medical Journal 9, no. 2 (May 5, 2019): 151–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/birdem.v9i2.41282.

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Background: Anemia is common in patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD) and this is generally anemia of chronic disease (ACD), but iron deficiency anemia (IDA) is also common. Soluble transferrin receptor (sTfR) is a useful marker for IDA. Present study was undertaken to assess the utility of sTfR as a marker of IDA and to differentiate ACD from IDA in selected group of Bangladeshi patients with CKD. Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted in the Department of Nephrology, BSMMU, Dhaka, Bangladesh from January 2013 to December 2014. Patients with anemia admitted in Nephrology Department, whether on hemodialysis or not and Medicine Department of BSMMU were taken for study. The study population was further divided into two groups; Group A, patients (30) who were having IDA and Group B, patients (40) with ACD and a control group was also selected. Data were collected by face to face interview and laboratory investigations with a self-administered questionnaire. Results: The mean age of the patients in Group A and Group B were 38.40±13.23 and 34.85±10.52 years respectively and male-female ratio were 0.5:1 and 1:0.5. Mean sTfR level was higher (4.81± 1.64 μg/ml) in patients with IDA than (2.89±1.40 μg/ml) in patients with ACD (p <0.0001). Mean ferritin level was 599.59± 449.15μg/L in ACD patients whereas 101.23±119.42 in IDA patients (p<0.0001). Total iron binding capacity (TIBC) was more in ACD patients with sTfRe”3μg/ml as compared to ACD patients with sTfR<3μg/ml. Transferrin saturation (TSAT) level was significantly decreased in ACD patients with sTfRe”3μg/ml as compared to ACD patients with sTfR<3μg/ml. sTfR and ferritin indices between group A (IDA) and group B (ACD) shows mean sTfR:logSF level was significantly (P<0.001) high in group A (2.71±1.13) in comparison to group B (1.08±0.54). Mean log sTFR:SF was also significantly higher (P<0.05) in group A (0.001±0.0008) compared to group B (0.013±0.012). Conclusion: sTfR level has a comparable ability to serum ferritin in diagnosing IDA and ACD. However, sTfR and serum ferritin alone cannot definitely exclude coexisting iron deficiency in ACD. Log sTfR/ ferritin index has role in identifying development of iron deficiency in ACD whereas sTfR/ log SF ratio can differentiate pure IDA from ACD with or without iron deficiency. Thus, it is important to estimate both serum sTfR and sTfRferritin indices to be able to differentiate pure IDA, ACD and ACD with co-existing iron deficiency thus providing a non-invasive alternative to bone marrow iron. Birdem Med J 2019; 9(2): 151-156
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Latif, Abdul, Muhammad Rafiqul Alam, Asia Khanam, Farhana Hoque, Muhammad Abdur Rahim, and Rafi Nazrul Islam. "Role of Serum Transferrin Receptor in Diagnosing and Differentiating Iron Deficiency Anemia from Anemia of Chronic Disease in Patients with Chronic Kidney Disease." BIRDEM Medical Journal 7, no. 2 (May 4, 2017): 132–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/birdem.v7i2.32451.

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Background: Anemia is common in patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD) and this is generally anemia of chronic disease, but iron deficiency anemia (IDA) is also common. Soluble transferrin receptor (sTfR) is a useful marker for IDA. Present study was undertaken to assess the utility of sTfR as a marker of IDA in selected group of Bangladeshi patients with CKD.Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted in the Department of Nephrology, BSMMU, Dhaka, Bangladesh from January 2013 to December 2014. Patients with anemia admitted in nephrology department whether on hemodialysis or not and medicine department of BSMMU were taken for study. The study population was further divided into two groups; Group A, patients who are having IDA and Group B, patients with ACD and a control group was also selected. Data were collected by face to face interview and laboratory investigations with a self-administered questionnaire.Results: The mean age of the patients in two study groups were 38.40±13.23 and 34.85±10.52 years respectively and male-female ratio were 0.5:1 and 1:0.5. Mean sTfR level was higher (4.81± 1.64 ?g/ml) in patients with IDA than (2.89±1.40 ?g/ml) in patients with ACD (p <0.0001). In our study mean ferritin level was 599.59± 449.15?g/L in ACD patients whereas 101.23±119.42 in IDA patients (p<0.0001). Total iron binding capacity (TIBC) was more in ACD patients with sTfRe”3?g/ml as compared to ACD patients with sTfR<3?g/ml. Transferrin saturation (TSAT) level was significantly decreased in ACD patients with sTfR ?3?g/ml as compared to ACD patients with sTfR<3?g/ml.Conclusion: sTfR has a comparable ability to S. ferritin in diagnosing IDA and ACD. However, sTfR and serum ferritin alone cannot definitely exclude co-existing iron deficiency in ACD. As sTfR is not affected by infection and/or inflammation, thus providing a non-invasive alternative to bone marrow study.Birdem Med J 2017; 7(2): 132-137
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Lin, Xiao-Ming, Juan Zhang, Zhi-Yong Zou, Zhu Long, and Wei Tian. "Evaluation of serum transferrin receptor for iron deficiency in women of child-bearing age." British Journal of Nutrition 100, no. 5 (November 2008): 1104–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0007114508966101.

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The objective was to study the evaluation of serum transferrin receptor (sTfR) for Fe deficiency in women of child-bearing age. Primary screening was performed in 942 women ranging in child-bearing age. Serum ferritin (SF), Zn protoporphyrin (ZPP) and Hb were determined. Then the subjects were divided into four groups: normal, Fe store depletion (IDs), Fe-deficiency erythropoiesis and Fe-deficiency anaemia. sTfR was determined and sTfR/SF (sTfR/logSF and log(sTfR/SF)) was calculated. Changes of sTfR in women of different Fe status were observed. A receiver-operating characteristic (ROC) curve was used to evaluate whether sTfR had proper diagnostic efficacy for functional Fe deficiency. The levels of sTfR increased significantly along with the aggravation of Fe deficiency. Increase of STfR/SF along with the aggravation of Fe deficiency was more significant than that of sTfR. STfR had a significant negative correlation with SF and Hb, while it had a significant positive correlation with ZPP. The ROC curve showed that the diagnostic effective rate of sTfR for Fe deficiency could reach 83 %. At this point, the sensitivity was 79 % and the specificity was 63 %. Log(sTfR/SF) could be considered to have the highest effective ratio in detecting IDs, since it reached 99 %. STfR and sTfR/SF could both reflect body Fe-deficiency status specifically. They could be used as reliable indicators for evaluating Fe status and diagnosing Fe deficiency in women of child-bearing age.
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Gujjarlapaudi, Deepika, Namburu Veeraiah, Syed Hassan Naveed, and Duvvuru Nageswara Reddy. "Serum transferrin receptor-ferritin index as a marker of iron deficiency anemia in active inflammatory bowel disease patients in Indian population." International Journal of Research in Medical Sciences 9, no. 9 (August 25, 2021): 2796. http://dx.doi.org/10.18203/2320-6012.ijrms20213425.

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Background: Anemia is most common complication in IBD (inflammatory bowel disease). The aim of the study was to assess the sTfR-F (soluble transferrin receptor-ferritin) index as early marker of IDA (iron deficiency anaemia) in IBD.Methods: Retrospective cross sectional study has 480 cases of IBD (group I ) with controls 220 (group II), CBP, serum hsCRP, serum iron, TIBC (total iron binding capacity), sTfR, ferritin, fecal calprotectin, vitamin B12, folic acid were assessed.Results: In study I, group I was compared with group II showed (66.5%) patients had active disease and in that 65.0% of UC, 32.1% of CD and 2.9% others colitis had anemia. In study II, subgroup I 56.4% had IDA subgroup II 7.3% had ferritin between 30-100 ng/ml combi subgroup III 23.3% had ferritin>100 ng/ml (ACD, anaemia of chronic disease) subgroup IV 5.6% had vitamin B12 and folic acid deficiency excluding sTfR-F analysis. In study III, subdivided to identify IDA with sTfR-F index as group A 60.8% had sTfR-F index>2, group B 32.6% had sTfR-F index=1-2 and group C 3 (6.2%) had sTfR-F index<1. Intially diagnosed IDA was 56.4%, in addition with group A, IDA has increased by 66.5%. In study IV, in IDA, sensitivity of sTfR-F index was100%, sTfR 89% and SF 85%. Specificity of sTfR and sTfR-F index were 80.60% and SF has low specificity 73.90%. In study V, a statistical significance was seen more in female than male and in children than in adults with sTfR-F index in IDA.Conclusions: sTfR-F index as an early diagnostic marker, in differentiating IDA, ACD and combi in IBD patients.
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Kandarini, Yenny, Gede Wira Mahadita, Sianny Herawati, Anak Agung Wiradewi Lestari, Ketut Suega, and I. Gde Raka Widiana. "Soluble Transferrin Receptor and Soluble Transferrin Receptor/Log Ferritin Ratio are Correlated with Iron Status in Regular Hemodialysis Patients." Indonesian Biomedical Journal 13, no. 2 (June 14, 2021): 201–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.18585/inabj.v13i2.1412.

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BACKGROUND: Monitoring of iron status in chronic kidney disease patients is important, however inflammation may hinder its monitoring. Soluble transferrin receptor (sTfR) is an alternative parameter to overcome this issue, whereas ferritin play a part in the inflammation process. Hence, the correlation between the sTfR ratio and the sTfR/log ferritin ratio with conventional iron status parameters in regular hemodialysis patients is necessary to be evaluated.METHODS: A cross-sectional was conducted in the current study. As many as 5 mL of blood (2 mL for sTfR and 3 mL for serum iron and ferritin levels) was collected. sTfR level was the blood-soluble transferrin receptor level measured by the enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). The amount of ferritin and serum iron was determined using the immunochemiluminescent process. To evaluate the correlation, the Pearson correlation test was used.RESULTS: A total of 80 subjects was included in this study. The mean of hemoglobin was 10.25±1.66 g/dL, serum iron was 58.19±26.56 g/dL, and the median ferritin was 520.4 (49.9-3606) ng/mL. The sTfR was significantly associated only with serum iron levels with a correlation coefficient of r=-0.242; p=0.031. The sTfR/log ferritin was significantly associated with serum iron l evels (InSI)(r=-0.255, p=0.022); and transferrin saturation (r=-0.295; p=0.008).CONCLUSION: sTfR/log ferritin has a negative and significant correlation with serum iron levels and transferrin saturation, while sTfR negatively correlated with serum iron levels. sTfR and sTfR/log ferritin may be considered as an alternative iron marker in inflammation setting such as CKD.KEYWORDS: sTfR/log ferritin, iron status, serum iron, ferritin, chronic kidney disease, hemodialysis
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Ragab, L., H. A. Ibrahim, A. S. Eid, T. Kotb, and M. F. Konsowa. "Suitability of soluble transferrin receptor for the clinical diagnosis of different types of anaemia in children." Eastern Mediterranean Health Journal 8, no. 2-3 (June 15, 2002): 298–307. http://dx.doi.org/10.26719/2002.8.2-3.298.

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We evaluated the ability of serum transferrin receptor [sTFR] to identify different types of anaemia in children. Thus 150 Egyptian children suffering from anaemia [iron deficiency anaemia, anaemia of chronic disease and beta-thalassaemia] were enrolled, together with 50 controls. There was a significant increase in the mean levels of sTFR in the groups with iron deficiency anaemia and thalassaemia, and a significant decrease in mean sTFR levels in the group with anaemia of chronic disease. Serum ferritin levels were significantly higher in all patient groups except the group with iron deficiency anaemia. There were also significant correlations between the sTFR and sTFR/log ferritin ratio [sTFR-F index] and different indices of iron status and of erythropoiesis. The sTFR-F index could be used as a diagnostic or screening tool for iron deficiency anaemia, anaemia of chronic disease and thalassaemia.
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7

Safarova, K., and A. Rebrov. "AB0720 SOLUBLE TRANSFERRIN RECEPTOR IN DIAGNOSIS OF IRON DEFICIENCY ANEMIA IN PATIENTS WITH SPONDYLOARTHRITIS." Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases 79, Suppl 1 (June 2020): 1655.1–1655. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/annrheumdis-2020-eular.3608.

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Background:Anemia is a frequent hematological disorder in patients with rheumatic diseases. The main pathogenetic variants of anemia are anemia of chronic disease (ACD), iron deficiency anemia (IDA), and anemia of chronic disease with iron deficiency (ACD/IDA). The presence of systemic inflammation hinders to diagnose absolute iron deficiency, because standard tests of iron status are affected by it. Soluble transferrin receptors (sTfR) measurement and the calculation of the sTfR/ log ferritin index (sTfR index) are recommended, but data about diagnostically significant levels of these indicators in patients with spondyloarthritis (SpA) is currently limited.Objectives:To assess the diagnostic significance of sTfR and the sTfR index for detecting absolute iron deficiency in patients with SpA and anemia.Methods:Complete blood count, standart iron metabolism parameters, C-reactive protein (CRP) and erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR) were evaluated in 68 patients with SpA. Serum concentration of sTfR was measured with enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) using sTfR ELISA kit («Monobind Inc.», USA). The sTfR index was calculated by the formula sTfR/log10ferritin. Anemia was defined using the World Health Organization criteria. Depending on the serum ferritin concentration, transferrin saturation, and CRP level, ACD, IDA, or combined anemia (ACD/IDA) were diagnosed. Disease activity was determined by the BASDAI (Bath Ankylosing Spondylitis Disease Activity Index) and ASDAS-CRP (Ankylosing Spondylitis Disease Activity Score based on CRP) scales. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) analysis was performed with MedCalc.Results:Anemia was found in 48 of 68 (70,6%) SpA patients. 16 (33,3%) patients had ACD and 32 (66,7%) had ACD/IDA. Hemoglobin level in ACD was 118 [112; 123] g/L, in ACD/IDA – 110 [106; 120] g/L, in non-anemic patients – 133 [129; 145] g/L (p<0.001 for all groups). CRP and ESR values were higher in ACD compared to ACD/IDA patients (31.5 [20.3; 46.4] mg/L and 27.0 [16.0; 35.5] mm/h versus 9.8 [5.6; 16.9] mg/L and 15.5 [12.0; 22.5] mm/h, respectively [p=0.00 and p=0.038]). No statistically significant difference was found between all groups in BASDAI and ASDAS-CRP scores.ACD/IDA patients had significant increases in serum sTfR levels (1.7 [1.4; 2.2] mg/L) compared to ACD (1.5 [1.1; 1.7] mg/L, p=0,04) and to non-anemic patients (1,3 [1,1; 1,6] mg/L, p=0,003). The sTfR index was significantly higher in ACD/IDA (0.93 [0.82; 1.24]) compared to patients with ACD (0.64 [0.48; 0.75], p<0.001) and without anemia (0.67 [0.56; 0.81], p<0.001).The areas under the curves (AUCs) for distinguishing between ACD/IDA and ACD were 0.85 for sTfR index (p<0,001), 0.72 for sTfR (p<0,001). The sTfR index (cutoff >0.83) and sTfR (cutoff >1.39 mg/L) had sensitivities of 75% and 53%, and specificities of 83% and 81%, respectively.Conclusion:According to obtained data, serum concentration of sTfR >1.39 mg/L and the sTfR index >0.83 point to the presence of iron deficiency component in the structure of anemic syndrome in patients with SpA.References:Management of patients with SpA requires constant monitoring of side effects of therapy, in particular induced by the non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs. Use of sTfR and the sTfR index can improve the detection of IDA. A significant advantage of these indicators is their independence from systemic inflammation.Disclosure of Interests:None declared
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Al-Rubaie, Haithem A., Israa M. Al-Bayaa, and Yassmin A. Al-Amiri. "The Value of Soluble Transferrin Receptor and Soluble Transferrin Receptor-ferritin Index in Discriminating Iron Deficiency Anaemia from Anaemia of Chronic Disease in Patients With Rheumatoid Arthritis." Open Rheumatology Journal 13, no. 1 (February 28, 2019): 9–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.2174/1874312901913010009.

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Background:Anaemia is a common extra-articular manifestation of rheumatoid arthritis (RA) where anaemia of chronic disease (ACD) and iron deficiency anaemia (IDA) are the two most frequent types. The distinction between these two types of anaemia has always been challenging requiring sophisticated techniques. Serum transferrin receptor (sTfR) a truncated soluble form of the transferrin receptor is one of the parameters that is influenced by the Iron content and supply to the erythrons and is not affected by inflammatory status and therefore the use of the sTfR/log ferritin (sTfR-F) index can be a reliable indicator of functional iron deficiency.Aim of the study:This study aims to evaluate the usefulness of sTfR and sTfR-F index in discriminating the most common types of anaemia in patients with RA.Patients and methods:The study included 50 patients with RA and 30 healthy subjects as a control group. Complete blood picture, C-reactive protein, serum Iron, unsaturated iron binding capacity, sTfR and serum ferritin were tested.Results and Conclusion:anaemia was present in 34/50 patients; 19 patients had ACD, 9 had ACD/IDA and only 6 patients had IDA. Both the sTfR and the sTfR-F index showed a significant difference between anaemia groups (P values = 0.037 and 0.001, respectively). sTfR-F index has shown to be a very useful parameter that can discriminate efficiently between IDA and ACD and between ACD and ACD/IDA in patients with RA.
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Iriani, Anggraini, Endah Purnamasari, and Riadi Wirawan. "NILAI RUJUKAN SOLUBLE TRANSFERRIN RECEPTOR (sTfR)." INDONESIAN JOURNAL OF CLINICAL PATHOLOGY AND MEDICAL LABORATORY 21, no. 3 (September 13, 2016): 211. http://dx.doi.org/10.24293/ijcpml.v21i3.720.

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Iron in plasma is carried by transferrin delivered to cells through the interaction with a specific membrane receptor, namely transferrin receptor. The soluble transferrin receptor (sTfR) is a transferrin receptor monomer which lost its first 100 amino acids, and circulates in the form of transferrin and its receptor complex. Erythroblasts and reticulocytes are the main source of serum TfR The concentration of sTfR in serum is useful to diagnose iron deficiency, especially for patient with chronic disease. A new parameter sTfR is reported to be a surrogate marker of bone marrow iron store. The sTfR concentration can describe the functional iron status while ferritin reflects the iron storage status. The aim of this study was to know a reference interval of sTfR in normal adults by provision. Subjects were 157 healthy adults from clinical medical check up who had met the inclusion criteria and were willing to participate as research subjects. Soluble Transferrin Receptor (sTfR) examination was performed using reagents from Roche. The statistical calculations were performed by SPSS 22. The results showed that there was no significant difference between sTfR levels in men and women as well as in the age group ≤40 years and >40 years. The STfR reference value in this study was calculated based on 95% CI (X±2SD), is 0.197–0.598 mg/dL. It can be concluded that the sTfR reference value is 0.197–0.598 mg/dL
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Сахин, В. Т., М. А. Григорьев, Е. В. Крюков, С. П. Казаков, and О. А. Рукавицын. "Influence of Hepcidin and Soluble Transferrin Receptor on the Development of Anemia of Chronic Diseasesin Rheumatic Patients." Гематология. Трансфузиология. Восточная Европа, no. 3 (November 10, 2020): 311–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.34883/pi.2020.6.3.016.

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Цель. Оценить взаимосвязь между гепцидином, растворимым рецептором трансферрина (sTfR) и показателями обмена железа, концентрацией гемоглобина и числом эритроцитов у ревматических пациентов.Материалы и методы. Обследованы 63 пациента ревматологического профиля: 26 мужчин (45 (36–54,9) лет), 37 женщин (49 (38–60) лет). Пациенты разделены на две группы: 1-я группа – 41 пациент с анемией, 2-я группа (контрольная) – 22 пациента без анемии. Выполнен сравнительный анализ показателей гемограммы, обмена железа (железо, ферритин, трансферрин, общая железосвязывающая способность сыворотки крови – ОЖСС, коэффициент насыщения трансферрина железом – КНТ), гепцидина, растворимого рецептора трансферрина (sTfR), С-реактивного белка (СРБ). Выполнен корреляционный анализ между гепцидином, sTfR и показателями гемограммы и обмена железом.Результаты. У пациентов с анемией в сравнении с контрольной группой выше концентрации гепцидина (504,9 (23,5–916,5) и 232(0,0–858) нг/мл), sTfR (8,6 (3,9–7,1) и 2,2 (1,5–3,1) нмоль/л),а также ферритина (292,7 (146,1–335,1) и 78,5 (36–90,7) мкг/л), СРБ (59,4 (10,9–100,2)и 4,6 (1,2–5,8) мг/л). Для железа, ОЖСС, КНТ, трансферрина не выявлено межгрупповых различий (p>0,05). Выявлена корреляция между числом эритроцитов и гепцидином (r=–0,5), sTfR (r=–0,5). Выявлена корреляция между концентрацией гемоглобина и гепцидином (r=–0,7), sTfR (r=–0,7). Для концентрации гепцидина установлена прямая взаимосвязь с ферритином (r=0,6) и СРБ (r=0,3) и обратная взаимосвязь с ОЖСС (r=–0,6) и трансферрином (r=–0,6). Не выявлено взаимосвязи между гепцидином и железом, КНТ. В отношении концентрации sTfR установлена прямая корреляционная связь с ферритином (r=0,4) и СРБ (r=0,3) и обратная корреляционная связь с железом (r=–0,6) и КНТ (r=–0,5). Не выявлено взаимосвязи между sTfR и ОЖСС, трансферрином.Влияние гепцидина и растворимого рецептора трансферринана развитие анемии хронических заболеваний у ревматических пациентов. Заключение. Показан многокомпонентный генез анемии у ревматических пациентов. Установлено значение увеличения секреции гепцидина, sTfR, нарушений в обмене железа на развитие анемии. Установлено супрессорное влияние гепцидина на выработку клеток эритрона. Доказано слабое влияние воспаления на концентрацию sTfR. Purpose. To assess the relationship between hepcidin, soluble transferrin receptor (sTfR), and indicators of iron metabolism, hemoglobin concentration, and erythrocyte number in rheumatic patients.Materials and Methods. The study involved 63 rheumatic patients: 26 men (45 (36–54.9) years old), 37 women (49 (38–60) years old). The patients were divided into two groups: group 1 – 41 patients with anemia, group 2 (control) – 22 patients without anemia. Comparative analysis of hemogram parameters, iron metabolism (iron, ferritin, transferrin, total iron-binding capacity of blood serum – TIBC, iron transferrin saturation index (TSI), hepcidin, soluble transferrin receptor (sTfR), C-reactive protein (CRP) was performed. Correlation analysis was performed between hepcidin, sTfR, and hemogram and iron metabolism parameters.Results. In patients with anemia, the concentration of hepcidin (504.9 (23.5–916.5) and 232 (0.0–858) ng/ml), sTfR (8.6 (3.9–7.1) and 2.2 (1.5–3.1) nmol/L), ferritin (292.7(146.1–335.1) and78.5(36–90.7) μg/L), CRP (59.4 (10.9–100.2) and 4.6 (1.2–5.8) mg/L) is higher in comparison with the control group. There were no intergroup differences for iron, TIBS, CST, transferrin (p>0.05). The correlation was found between the number of erythrocytes and hepcidin (r=–0.5), sTfR (r=–0.5). The correlation was found between the concentration of hemoglobin and hepcidin (r=–0.7), sTfR (r=–0.7). For the concentration of hepcidin, a direct relationship with ferritin (r=0.6) and CRP (r=0.3) and the inverse relationship with TIBC (r=–0.6) and transferrin (r=–0.6) were revealed. No relationship was found between hepcidin and iron, TSI. In relation to the concentration of sTfR, a direct correlation was revealed with ferritin (r=0.4) and CRP (r=0.3) and the inverse correlation with iron (r=–0.6) and CST (r=–0.5). No relationship was found between sTfR and TIBC, transferrin Conclusion. There was showed the multicomponent genesis of anemia in rheumatic patients. The significance of the increase of the secretion of hepcidin, sTfR, disorders of iron metabolism for the development of anemia was revealed. The suppressive effect of hepcidin on the production of erythron cells was also revealed. A weak effect of inflammation on the concentration of sTfR was proved.
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "STfR"

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Abellán, Sánchez María Rosario. "Estudio en poblaciones seleccionadas de la fiabilidad de nuevos protocolos de detección de consumo de hormonas recombinantes (hgH y EPO)." Doctoral thesis, Universitat Pompeu Fabra, 2006. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/7103.

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Las hormonas recombinantes eritropoyetina (EPO) y hormona de crecimiento (GH), prácticamente iguales a las endógenas y de corta vida media en circulación, son de difícil detección directa en el control antidopaje.
Se determinaron los valores poblacionales de los biomarcadores indirectos EPO, receptor soluble de la transferrina, insulin-like growth factor-I (IGF-I) y procolágeno tipo III péptido (P-III-P), en poblaciones seleccionadas de deportistas, y el efecto del ejercicio y los distintos tipos de entrenamiento sobre su concentración sérica.
La comparación de resultados obtenidos mediante distintos ensayos demostró la necesidad de una validación exhaustiva previa a su utilización. A excepción del P-III-P, los biomarcadores séricos propuestos para la detección de rhEPO y rhGH no se encuentran directamente afectados por el nivel atlético, el ejercicio o la distinta carga de entrenamiento realizada a lo largo de la temporada deportiva. La edad es la principal influencia sobre las concentraciones séricas de IGF-I y P-III-P.
Direct detection of recombinant peptidic hormones erythropoietin (EPO) and growth hormone (GH), very similar to endogen molecules and with a short half life in blood, is difficult in antidoping control.
The main objective of this work is to determine indirect biomarkers' values of EPO, soluble transferrin receptor, insulin-like growth factor-I (IGF-I) and procollagen type III peptide (P-III-P), in selected populations of athletes, and the effect of exercise and different types of training on their concentration in serum.
The comparison of results obtained by the different assays showed the need of extensive validation of the analytical techniques before their use in the antidoping field. Excepting P-III-P, proposed biomarkers for the detection of rhEPO and rhGH abuse are not directly influenced by the athletic level, exercise or different training workload along the sport season. Age is the main factor affecting IGF-I and P-III-P concentrations in serum.
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Tavenner, Carson. "Toward an understanding of People's Liberation Army information warfare doctrine /." Wright-Patterson AFB, OH : Air Force Institute of Technology, 2000. http://stinet.dtic.mil/str/tr4%5Ffields.html.

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Varble, Derek. "The Atlantic partnership and Middle Eastern strategy in the early Cold War." Thesis, Search "ADA381603" in "Accession number" field, 2000. http://stinet.dtic.mil/str/tr4%5Ffields.html.

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Craig, Adriane B. "The role of public affairs in the military-media relationship /." Search "ADA379993" in "Accession number" field, 2000. http://stinet.dtic.mil/str/tr4%5Ffields.html.

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Pilkey, Sunchlar M. R. "The politics of internal security : relations between civilians, the military, and police /." Search "ADA381839" in "Accession number" field, 2000. http://stinet.dtic.mil/str/tr4%5Ffields.html.

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Rose, Donald Gregory. "Peace operations and counterinsurgency : the US military and change /." Search "ADA381155" in "Accession number" field, 2000. http://stinet.dtic.mil/str/tr4%5Ffields.html.

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Whiteman, Neil S. "Charging ahead : has the government purchase card exceeded its limit? /." Search "ADA383045" in "Accession number" field, 2000. http://stinet.dtic.mil/str/tr4%5Ffields.html.

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Montgomery, Jeffrey Michael. "Educating citizens : George Washington's proposals for national education /." Required Adobe Acrobat Reader, 2000. http://stinet.dtic.mil/str/tr4%5Ffields.html.

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Volkland, Wendy. "How clean is safe? /." (Requires Adobe Acrobat Reader), 2000. http://stinet.dtic.mil/str/tr4%5Ffields.html.

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Wager, James B. "Towards the attenuation of hardship : is there room for combatant immunity in internal armed conflicts? /." (Requires Adobe Acrobat Reader), 2000. http://stinet.dtic.mil/str/tr4%5Ffields.html.

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Books on the topic "STfR"

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Kâmuran, Bedirhan, and Hazim Rojan, eds. Stêr: Welat berî her tiştî : supplément illustré du quotidien kurd "Roja nû," 1943-1945, Beyrut. Brøndby Strand, Danmark [i.e. Copenhagen, Denmark]: Weşanxana Xanı̂ & Bateyî, 1992.

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ill, Abbatiello Antonella, ed. Star, little star. New York: Grosset & Dunlap, 1992.

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Buller, Laura. Star wars, star pilot. London: DK, 2005.

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ill, Bell Karen 1949, ed. Star light, star bright. Santa Monica, CA: Piggy Toes Press, 1998.

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Star light, star bright. Don Mills, Ont: MIRA Books, 2002.

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Stone, Katherine. Star light, star bright. Don Mills, Ont: MIRA Books, 2002.

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Wells, Marian. Star light, star bright. Minneapolis, Minn: Bethany House, 1986.

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Reaves, Michael. Star Wars: Death Star. New York: LucasBooks/Del Rey/Ballantine Books, 2007.

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Amaral, Gayla. Star light, star bright. [Allen, TX]: Lyrick Publishing, 2000.

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Star seeds & star masters. [Eastbourne]: Sirius Ascension, 2011.

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Book chapters on the topic "STfR"

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Xue, Zhong, and Stephen T. C. Wong. "Simultaneous Tensor and Fiber Registration (STFR) for Diffusion Tensor Images of the Brain." In Augmented Reality Environments for Medical Imaging and Computer-Assisted Interventions, 1–8. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-40843-4_1.

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Bjerner, J., L. M. Amlie, L. S. Rusten, and E. Jakobsen. "Serum Levels Of Soluble Transferrin Receptors (STFR) Correlate Better With Severity Of Disease Than With Iron Stores In Patients With Malignant Lymphomas." In Advances in Critical Care Testing, 119. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2004. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-18480-2_13.

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Yoshioka, Akira. "Star Products, Star Exponentials, and Star Functions." In STEAM-H: Science, Technology, Engineering, Agriculture, Mathematics & Health, 439–51. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-97175-9_20.

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Poderoso, Cecilia, Ana F. Castillo, Pablo G. Mele, Paula M. Maloberti, and Ernesto J. Podestá. "StAR." In Encyclopedia of Signaling Molecules, 5161–70. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-67199-4_101896.

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Eggenberger, Patrick, and Sylvia Ekström. "Star." In Encyclopedia of Astrobiology, 2341. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-662-44185-5_1503.

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Weik, Martin H. "star." In Computer Science and Communications Dictionary, 1653. Boston, MA: Springer US, 2000. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/1-4020-0613-6_18100.

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Lowry, Stephen. "Star." In Handbuch Populäre Kultur, 441–45. Stuttgart: J.B. Metzler, 2003. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-476-05001-4_96.

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Poderoso, Cecilia, Ana F. Castillo, Pablo G. Mele, Paula M. Maloberti, and Ernesto J. Podestá. "StAR." In Encyclopedia of Signaling Molecules, 1–10. New York, NY: Springer New York, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4614-6438-9_101896-1.

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Dempsey, Brian R., Anne C. Rintala-Dempsey, Gary S. Shaw, Yuan Xiao Zhu, A. Keith Stewart, Jaime O. Claudio, Constance E. Runyan, et al. "STAR." In Encyclopedia of Signaling Molecules, 1787. New York, NY: Springer New York, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4419-0461-4_101286.

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Eggenberger, Patrick, and Sylvia Ekström. "Star." In Encyclopedia of Astrobiology, 1–2. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-27833-4_1503-5.

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Conference papers on the topic "STfR"

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Kitamoto, Asashi, and Yasunori Ohoka. "Hard Spectrum STFR (Spray Type Fast Reactor) Cooled by Water at 7.5 MPa." In 12th International Conference on Nuclear Engineering. ASMEDC, 2004. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/icone12-49382.

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New concept of fast reactor (FR), i.e. the STFR (Spray Type FR), is proposed here to perform high burn-up of UO2 fuel or MOX fuel by the use of BWR technology, and to improve the backend process of discharged fuel. STFR can be realized by some important changes of BWR system, at 7.50MPa. In case of STFR, heat produced in the core is removed by the evaporation of sprayed hot water jetted to fuel with cross flow at 7.50MPa, and two phases (liquid and vapor) of coolant at high void ratio goes down to the bottom of PV (pressure vessel). This is an improved concept of BWR, which can be regarded as a breakthrough of FBR. This concept has not been listed in GEN IV. Future performance of STFR are as follows, (1) STFR can increase the fraction of direct fission of 238U with neutron reaction of higher energy than 1MeV, (2) STFR can burn the nuclear fuel to the higher burn-up (80 to 200GWd/Mg-HM) compared with BWR fuel burn-up. (3) Higher burn-up of fuel will reduce the frequency of reprocessing, so STFR can reduce the reprocessing cost per power production. (4) STFR can reduce the remains of Pu and MA (Minor Actinides: Np, Am, Cm etc.) in discharged fuel.
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Littles, Jerrol W., Robert J. Morris, Richard Pettit, David M. Harmon, Michael F. Savage, and Sharayu Tulpule. "Materials and Structures Prognosis for Gas Turbine Engines." In ASME Turbo Expo 2006: Power for Land, Sea, and Air. ASMEDC, 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/gt2006-91203.

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Gas turbine engine diagnostic systems often utilize data trending and anomaly detection to provide a measure of system health. These systems provide significant benefits for trending shifts in engine performance and diagnosing system degradation that requires some maintenance action. However, this approach may be limited in the ability to uniquely identify damage for select components and failure modes. Advanced prognostic systems are being developed to work symbiotically with state of the art diagnostic techniques in use today; these advanced systems use advanced material and component damage evolution modelling linked with system-level structural analyses to intelligently guide the health management system to search for specific signatures that would be expected from key changes in component and system health [1,2,3,4]. Material damage models, advanced component models, and novel system-level structural analyses are being used to generate newly defined “structural transfer functions” (STFs) that provide a link between sensed parameters and the remaining capability of specific components, and the system. The characteristic damage signatures vary by component type and failure mode, and hence the specific STF approach varies among component types. An initial STF approach was developed and demonstrated for a specific component and damage type [5] under an initial feasibility program. This STF-based prognosis approach is fundamentally different from the traditional modal analysis based NDE approach used for crack detection. This presentation will review this novel STF-based prognosis approach, and consider examples of STFs characteristic of specific components and damage types, as well as progress towards the development of tools that are enabling system-level STF development [6].
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"Assessing the cost for pollutant load reductions in the Great Barrier Reef: a case study." In 22nd International Congress on Modelling and Simulation. Modelling and Simulation Society of Australia and New Zealand (MSSANZ), Inc., 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.36334/modsim.2017.l22.star.

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spanu, ilaria, cristina vettori, raffaello giannini, and donatella paffetti. "Spatial genetic structure of Taxus baccata L. relict population." In Secondo Congresso Internazionale di Selvicoltura = Second International Congress of Silviculture. Accademia Italiana di Scienze Forestali, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.4129/cis-is-str.

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Wu, Yanhui, Junfeng Wu, Haoguang Zhang, and Wuli Chu. "Experimental and Numerical Investigation of Near-Tip Flow Field in an Axial Flow Compressor Rotor: Part II — Flow Characteristics at Stall Inception Condition." In ASME Turbo Expo 2013: Turbine Technical Conference and Exposition. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/gt2013-94480.

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Systematical casing pressure measurements were undertaken to supplement instantaneous experiment data to available database of a high-speed small-scale compressor rotor, which was crucial for understanding the flow mechanism of short-length scale stall inception. At the same time, improved full-annulus simulations were conducted to assist in interpretation of experimental observations. In Part II of current investigation, original instantaneous casing pressure signals and STFT (short time Fourier transformation) analyses were conducted to conclude flow characteristics near casing at stall inception operating condition, and reasonable explanation of experimental observations was given in combination with numerical results. The current experimental investigation showed the stall inception of the test rotor was triggered by a spike, propagating at about 66.7%, which evolved into a single fully-developed stall cell. STFF analysis of pressure signal detected by probe located at tip leading edge showed that frequency peaks with varied band, which already observed in near-stall stable flow condition in Part I, was still a dominant flow feature before spike emergence, though it was hardly perceived after spike emergence due to a sudden increase in the overall energy of pressure signal, which attributed to the interface of incoming and tip clearance flow beyond leading edge plane according to STFT results. Monitoring results of static pressures in the absolute frame from current simulation and the corresponding FFT and STFT analyses showed a similar flow field evolution process as those observed in experiment. The current investigation provided adequate experimental evidence to support the previous simulation results in which a viewpoint of formation and activity of tip secondary vortex (TSV) was proposed as the underlying flow mechanism of the origin of unsteadiness near casing at near-stall stable operating conditions, and emergence of spike during the transition of flow field into unstable state, and further verified that the unsteady flow phenomenon observed in near-stall stable flow condition was equivalent to rotating instability (RI), thus establishing the causal linkage between RI and stall inception for the test rotor.
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Bamis, Athanasios, and Andreas Savvides. "STFL." In the 2nd International Conference. New York, New York, USA: ACM Press, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/1579114.1579119.

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Seo, Byung-Kuk, Hideaki Uchiyama, and Jong-Il Park. "stAR." In SIGGRAPH Asia 2011 Posters. New York, New York, USA: ACM Press, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/2073304.2073364.

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Xu, Zhuangdi, Harshit Gupta, and Umakishore Ramachandran. "STTR." In DEBS '18: The 12th ACM International Conference on Distributed and Event-based Systems. New York, NY, USA: ACM, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/3210284.3210291.

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Behnam, Payman, and Mahdi Nazm Bojnordi. "STFL." In DAC '19: The 56th Annual Design Automation Conference 2019. New York, NY, USA: ACM, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/3316781.3317819.

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Gao, Jingyue, Yuanduo He, Yasha Wang, Xiting Wang, Jiangtao Wang, Guangju Peng, and Xu Chu. "STAR." In CIKM '19: The 28th ACM International Conference on Information and Knowledge Management. New York, NY, USA: ACM, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/3357384.3357894.

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Reports on the topic "STfR"

1

Tomihisa, Toshio. Star Product and Star Exponential. GIQ, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.7546/giq-11-2010-170-180.

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Tomihisa, Toshio. Star Product and Star Exponential. Journal of Geometry and Symmetry in Physics, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.7546/jgsp-19-2010-99-111.

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Metzger, Pamela R., Kristin Meeks, and Jessica Pishko. Greening the Desert. SMU Dedman School of Law, September 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.25172/dc.1.

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Greening the Desert brings a criminal justice lens to the phenomenon of legal deserts in small, tribal, and rural (STAR) communities—vast areas with few, if any, practicing attorneys. The report explores STAR criminal justice communities and describes strategies and initiatives to green these criminal law deserts. Using case studies, the report offers concrete examples of successful innovations. It also includes cautionary notes about risks that may arise with the implementation of strategies to recruit, train, and retain STAR practitioners.
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Martindale, Addie K. Star Flower Remade. Ames: Iowa State University, Digital Repository, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.31274/itaa_proceedings-180814-226.

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Sorbello, Richard S. Zee Star Analysis. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, December 1991. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada248342.

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T. E. Sampson, D. T. Vo, T. L. Cremers, P. A. Hypes, Y. P. Seldiakov, A. B. Dorin, M. V. Kondrashov, and V. I. Timoshin. LANL/Green Star Tests of the Green Star SBS-60 Spectrometer. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), June 2001. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/781460.

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Whalen, J. B. Geology, Star Lake, Newfoundland. Natural Resources Canada/ESS/Scientific and Technical Publishing Services, 1993. http://dx.doi.org/10.4095/193348.

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Nicholas, Andrew. Digital Imaging Star Camera. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, September 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada531850.

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Iida, Mari. Star Product and Applications. GIQ, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.7546/giq-12-2011-244-251.

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Iida, Mari. Star Products and Applications. Journal of Geometry and Symmetry in Physics, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.7546/jgsp-20-2010-49-56.

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