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Academic literature on the topic 'Sténose valvulaire aortique (AVS)'
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Journal articles on the topic "Sténose valvulaire aortique (AVS)"
Perdrix, Jean, and Julien Fesselet. "Sténose aortique et remplacement valvulaire percutané." Revue Médicale Suisse 7, no. 304 (2011): 1557. http://dx.doi.org/10.53738/revmed.2011.7.304.1557.
Full textDehant, P. "Dépistage et surveillance de la sténose valvulaire aortique." Archives des Maladies du Coeur et des Vaisseaux - Pratique 2008, no. 170 (September 2008): 9–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s1261-694x(08)74009-4.
Full textManus, Jean-Marie. "Sténose valvulaire aortique, traitement non invasif par ultrasons." Revue Francophone des Laboratoires 2024, no. 559 (February 2024): 7. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s1773-035x(24)00058-3.
Full textBusseuil, David, Eric Rhéaume, and Jean-Claude Tardif. "Un nouveau type de traitement médical pourrait mener à la régression de la sténose valvulaire aortique." médecine/sciences 24, no. 8-9 (August 2008): 675–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/medsci/20082489675.
Full textVerbeeck, N., L. Casters, and F. Lebrun. "Écho-Doppler artériel et sténose valvulaire aortique: étude de la sensibilité et de la spécificité des signes." Journal de Radiologie 87, no. 6 (June 2006): 647–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0221-0363(06)74057-4.
Full textBaricault, B., C. Tribouilloy, M. Zureik, and A. Weill. "Association entre exposition au benfluorex et sténose valvulaire mitrale ou aortique : une étude de cohorte de patients diabétiques." Journal of Epidemiology and Population Health 72 (March 2024): 202277. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jeph.2024.202277.
Full textChristen, T., R. Lerch, and P. Trigo Trindade. "Sténose aortique valvulaire chez l'adulte. 2e partie. Traitement." Forum Médical Suisse ‒ Swiss Medical Forum 6, no. 27 (July 5, 2006). http://dx.doi.org/10.4414/fms.2006.05908.
Full textChristen, T., R. Lerch, and P. Trigo Trindade. "Sténose aortique valvulaire chez l'adulte 1er partie: Etiologie, physiopathologie et diagnostic." Forum Médical Suisse ‒ Swiss Medical Forum 6, no. 26 (June 28, 2006). http://dx.doi.org/10.4414/fms.2006.05906.
Full textDissertations / Theses on the topic "Sténose valvulaire aortique (AVS)"
Le, Ven Florent. "Impact pronostique du débit cardiaque dans la sténose valvulaire aortique." Thesis, Brest, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016BRES0116/document.
Full textAortic stenosis (AS) is the most common valvular heart disease in occidental countries. Despite proper use of the guidelines, some patients can present adverse outcomes after surgery: some of them remain symptomatic, some die prematurely, or suffer from a persistant left ventricular dysfunction. It has been demonstrated that patients presenting an AS with low flow (i.e. low stroke volume), impaired left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF), and a low transvalvular mean gradient, have poor prognosis, with increased risk during aortic valve replacement surgery. It has also been demonstrated that, in AS, a low flow can occur despite a preserved LVEF. The main goals of this PhD were to evaluate the impact of flow (more precisely left ventricular stroke volume) on the prognosis of patients with AS, the evolution of flow after intervention, and the factors that influence it. The results show that left ventricular stroke volume, before or after intervention, or its evolution after TAVI (Transcatheter Aortic Valve Implantation), are powerful independant predictors of mortality
Nader, Joseph. "MicroARNs, marqueurs de la pathologie valvulaire aortique." Thesis, Amiens, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019AMIE0062.
Full textObjective: Aortic valve stenosis is, nowadays, the most frequent valvular heart disease. Its evolution remains different between tricuspid and bicuspid valves, with an earlier and more rapid calcification in the bicuspid patients. MicroRNA are emergent genetic intra- and extra-cellular regulator of the expression of mRNA. The aim of our study is to compare the microRNA expression between both valvular groups.Methods: We conducted a prospective observational study on a small sample of tricuspid and bicuspid aortic valve, on which we studied the expression of 6 microRNAs (miR-26a, -30b, -92a, -141, -195 and -223). The study was approved by the local ethic committee. Results: On this reduced sample, only miR-92a and -141 were significantly overexpressed in bicuspid aortic valves (0.3 v/s 0.85, p=0.0006; 0.03 v/s 0.06; p=0.005) respectively for tricuspid and bicuspid valves. As a second step, we studied the expression of these 2 microRNAs in a larger cohort of 47 valves. Only miR-92a was significatively overexpressed in bicuspid aortic valves (0.06 v/s 0.03; p<0.0001). Furthermore, a positive correlation between transvalvular preoperative mean gradient and the expression of mi-92a, as a direct clinical correlation between the tissular expression and a preoperative clinical assessment of the AS severity (r = 0.3257, p = 0.04). Conclusion: miR-92a is overexpressed in bicuspid aortic valves. Further studies are necessary to measure its seric expression and correlate it to the clinical findings, in order to present this microRNA as a potential seric biomarker of rapid aortic valve calcification
Tastet, Lionel. "L'hypertension artérielle systolique et la progression de la calcification valvulaire aortique chez les patients atteints de sténose aortique." Master's thesis, Université Laval, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11794/26657.
Full textCalcific aortic stenosis is the most common cardiovascular disease in Western countries after coronary artery disease and hypertension. So far, there is no effective medical therapy able to stop or slow the progression of aortic stenosis. The only available treatments are surgical or transcatheter aortic valve replacement for patients with severe symptomatic aortic stenosis. In this context, it is crucial to develop efficient pharmaceutical therapy able to slow the stenosis progression and thus prevent such invasive intervention. In the past, aortic stenosis was thought to be a simple degenerative process of the aortic valve linked to aging. However, the advances performed during the last two decades showed that aortic stenosis is a highly complex and actively regulated disease, especially involving pathological processes close to atherosclerosis or arteriosclerosis. Furthermore, identified the key factors involved in the disease progression is essential to understand the pathogenesis of aortic stenosis. In this regard, hypertension is a common comorbidity of aortic stenosis and previous findings suggest that it may have an impact both on the development and progression of aortic stenosis. The primary hypothesis of this MSc project was that systolic hypertension, the most prevalent form of hypertension in patients with aortic stenosis, leads to faster progression of aortic valve calcification. Thus the main objective of this study was to assess the impact of systolic hypertension on the progression of aortic valve calcification assessed by multidetector computed tomography in patients with aortic stenosis.
Ma, Qixiang. "Deep learning based segmentation and detection of aorta structures in CT images involving fully and weakly supervised learning." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Université de Rennes (2023-....), 2024. http://www.theses.fr/2024URENS029.
Full textEndovascular aneurysm repair (EVAR) and transcatheter aortic valve implantation (TAVI) are endovascular interventions where preoperative CT image analysis is a prerequisite for planning and navigation guidance. In the case of EVAR procedures, the focus is specifically on the challenging issue of aortic segmentation in non-contrast-enhanced CT (NCCT) imaging, which remains unresolved. For TAVI procedures, attention is directed toward detecting anatomical landmarks to predict the risk of complications and select the bioprosthesis. To address these challenges, we propose automatic methods based on deep learning (DL). Firstly, a fully-supervised model based on 2D-3D features fusion is proposed for vascular segmentation in NCCTs. Subsequently, a weakly-supervised framework based on Gaussian pseudo labels is considered to reduce and facilitate manual annotation during the training phase. Finally, hybrid weakly- and fully-supervised methods are proposed to extend segmentation to more complex vascular structures beyond the abdominal aorta. When it comes to aortic valve in cardiac CT scans, a two-stage fully-supervised DL method is proposed for landmarks detection. The results contribute to enhancing preoperative imaging and the patient's digital model for computer-assisted endovascular interventions
Rosa, Mickael. "Athérosclérose et sténose valvulaire aortique : implication des macrophages et des cellules interstitielles de valve dans les calcifications cardiovasculaires." Thesis, Lille 2, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016LIL2S046.
Full textCardiovascular diseases (CVD) are the most often outcome of atherosclerosis processes. CVD are the first leading cause of death rate with an increasing incidence due to ageing populations and expansion of risk factors such as diabetes mellitus or obesity. Aortic valve stenosis (AVS) is the most frequent valvulopathy in developed countries sharing common points with vascular atherosclerosis. More than only risk factors, valvular and vascular lesions share common pathophysiological processes implicated in the development of the disease such as inflammation, fibrosis, angiogenesis and calcification. This last process appears in late stages of atherosclerosis diseases and play critical roles via implication in plaque stability or thickening of the aortic valve. Macrophages are cells deriving from infiltrated monocytes, playing an important role in the inflammatory state of lesions via classical (M1) or alternative phenotypes (M2) phenotypes. Nevertheless, this dichotomy does not reflect completely the variety of their plasticity and different phenotypes induced by the microenvironment of monocytes/macrophages (lipid riche zone, iron riche zone or calcium rich zone). In the aortic valve, valvular interstitial cells (VIC) are the most prominent cell type found in the aortic valve. These cells play a major role not only in the valve tissue homeostasis but also in the calcification processes leading to AVS. In a first part, the aim of this thesis is to elucidate the ability of macrophages to differentiate into osteoclasts, cell type responsible for bone matrix remodeling, inside atherosclerosis plaques. In a second part, this work will focus on the calcification processes occurring in the aortic valve via the study of the role of leptin in valvular calcification (association study) and then in a transcriptomic analysis of VIC isolated from calcified versus non calcified aortic valves (genome-wide expression study). Our results about macrophages show that ex vivo cell surrounding vascular calcification are alternative M2 macrophages. In vitro, these cells are no able to differentiate into true osteoclasts nor to resorb calcium deposits. Concerning the role of leptin on VIC, the results show that serum leptin is higher in patients with AVS, leptin and its receptors are expressed in the aortic valves and leptin enhances the osteoblast différenciation of VIC in an Akt and ERK dependant manner. Finally, the transcriptomic analysis allowed to highlight a new pathway deregulated in VIC. This enzyme is underexpressed in VIC isolated from calcified aortic valves and in the calcified zonesAbstract4of stenosed aortic valves. Otherwise, treating VIC with the product of this enzyme in a procalcifying medium inhibits calcification processes.This thesis highlights new insights into the calcification processes occurring in atherosclerosis lesions and calcified aortic valves. These results describe that M2 macrophages cannot differentiate into osteoclasts and reverse calcification formation inside atherosclerosis plaques. In parallel, it would be interesting to study the macrophages phenotypes surrounding calcium deposits in stenosed aortic valves. Then, it will be interesting to decipher the origin of leptin and its precise mechanism of action on VIC. Finally this work points out a new metabolic pathway implicated in the development of valvular calcification which could be a medical treatment of SVA
Berthelot, Richer Maxime. "Discordance de la gradation de la sévérité de la sténose aortique : prédicteurs échocardiographiques de bénéfice de survie associé au remplacement valvulaire aortique." Master's thesis, Université Laval, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11794/26037.
Full textHervault, Maxime. "Les différences liées au sexe dans la physiopathologie de la sténose valvulaire aortique : impact du phénotype valvulaire, de l’âge, et des hormones sexuelles." Master's thesis, Université Laval, 2020. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11794/67785.
Full textAortic valve stenosis (AS) is a degenerative pathology of the aortic valve that affects 2 to 4% of the population over 65 years of age, and 4,6% of people over 75 years of age. This pathology results in a thickening and stiffening of the aortic valve leaflets, leading to an impaired opening, and closing of the valve. The risk factors for developing AS are bicuspid valve (a congenital anomaly affecting 1 to 2% of the general population), age, dyslipidemia, and male sex. The mechanisms involved in the pathophysiology of AS are relatively well known. Mechanisms involved in inflammation, fibrosis, calcification, survival, and cell proliferation are found. However, despite an important bibliography on the pathophysiology of AS, very little research has been done on the impact of sex and sex hormones on the progression of AS. It has recently been shown that for the same hemodynamic severity of AS, men have a higher degree of calcification and a lower proportion of fibrosis of their valve than women. Thus, the objective of this master is to study the impact of sex, valve phenotype and age on the degree of calcification and valve remodelling in human patients for whom we had their clinical characteristics as well as CTscan data and explanted valves. Results obtained shown that women, regardless of valve phenotype or age, will have a lower degree of valve calcification and a greater fibrotic remodelling of their valves than men. In addition, in bicuspid patients, young women have a less calcified aortic valve compared to older women.
Blais, Claudia. "Nouvelles avenues en regard du diagnostic et du traitement de la sténose valvulaire aortique avec bas débit cardiaque." Thesis, Université Laval, 2006. http://www.theses.ulaval.ca/2006/23795/23795.pdf.
Full textShen, Mylène. "Impact du phénotype de la valve aortique et de l'âge sur la relation entre la calcification valvulaire aortique et la sévérité hémodynamique de la sténose aortique : étude PROGRESSA." Master's thesis, Université Laval, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11794/27147.
Full textAssessment of aortic stenosis (AS) by Doppler echocardiography leads to discordant severity grading in around 30% of patients. Computed tomography which measures aortic valve calcification, an indication of anatomic severity, can then be useful to corroborate AS severity. Previous studies have shown a good correlation between hemodynamic severity measured by Doppler echocardiography and anatomic severity defined by aortic valve calcification measured by computed tomography. However, the impact of aortic valve phenotype (bicuspid versus tricuspid) and age on this relation between hemodynamic severity and anatomic severity remains unknown. Yet, these two factors are highly implicated in AS development. Indeed, patients with a bicuspid aortic valve have a predisposition to develop AS, and this, generally earlier than patients with a tricuspid aortic valve. The main hypothesis of the study is that aortic valve phenotype and age influence the relationship between haemodynamic severity and aortic valve calcification of AS. The main objective of the study is to assess the impact of aortic valve phenotype and age on the relationship between haemodynamic severity and aortic valve calcification of AS.
Auffret, Vincent. "Aide à la décision pour le remplacement valvulaire aortique percutané." Thesis, Rennes 1, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019REN1B035.
Full textAortic stenosis represents the most frequent acquired valvular heart disease, affecting up to 10% of octogenarians. Transcatheter aortic valve implantation (TAVI) is booming and confronts clinicians with new issues that constitute a major field of research. Our work falls within the framework of computer-assisted medico-surgical interventions, and aims at proposing computer-assisted decision support systems. The present Thesis is composed of four parts. The first part focuses on the medical problematic surrounding TAVI, as well as the current French TAVI field on the basis of an article describing temporal trends in patients’ and procedural’s characteristics from 2010 to 2015 in the FRANCE 2 and FRANCE TAVI nationwide registries. This first part identifies medical issues that operators currently face, especially the optimal selection of TAVI candidates, and the reduction of procedural complications within the current trends towards treatment of patients with lower baseline surgical-risk profile. The second part deal with population-based studies, through standard statistical methods, to identify predictors of TAVI outcomes or selected procedural complications in order to facilitate procedural planning. Three articles compose this part. The first focuses on predictors of short-term cerebrovascular events post-TAVI, the second deals with conduction disturbances post-TAVI while the third aims at identifying predictors of global poor outcomes. We demonstrate the benefits of these analyses, which will remain necessary in the future, but also address their limitations, which support the use of new methods to store, sort, retrieve, and even augment relevant information to facilitate operators’ decision, especially at the pre-procedural step.The purpose of Part 3 is to address a case-based reasoning (CBR) decision-support system that could benefit from the identification of these prognostic factors and ultimately integrate them into a global and ergonomic interface for decision support. We have worked in the framework of the European project H2020 EurValve on the development of a CBR whose problematic is,for the time being, limited to the optimal choice of the approach, type and size of prosthesis. Our work focused on an analytical step in the design of this type of system dealing with the study and improvement of the similarity measure used to identify nearest neighbours (previously treated cases and their therapeutic "solution") of the current problem (case which clinicians are planning to treat). Finally, the last part focuses on increasing the information available for preoperative decision support through patient-specific numerical simulation. After a state of the art of the methods used in the field of TAVI, we worked on the elaboration and parameterization of a simulation model of the insertion of the stiff guidewire in the left ventricle (one of the first steps of the procedure that can condition the positioning of the prosthesis and thus the final result). In order to perform a first validation of this patient-specific simulation using preoperative 3D CT imaging, the proposed approach is based on the extraction of the region of interest in the 3D volume (segmentation) and its mapping to intraoperative 2D fluoroscopy through 3D / 2D registration. Our work on these image processing methods needed to implement and validate our simulation strategy is also discussed in this section. Finally, we present a potential clinical application of the simulation model regarding the influence of the shape of the guide and its insertion conditions on its stability and the pressure forces exerted on the left ventricle