Relevant bibliographies by topics / Steering-drive

Contents

  1. Journal articles
  2. Dissertations / Theses
  3. Books
  4. Book chapters
  5. Conference papers

Academic literature on the topic 'Steering-drive'

Author: Grafiati
Published: 4 June 2021
Last updated: 19 February 2022

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Journal articles on the topic "Steering-drive"

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Pakhomin, Sergey. "ELECTRIC DRIVE OF THE STEERING MECHANISM." University News. North-Caucasian Region. Technical Sciences Series, no. 4 (December 2017): 53–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.17213/0321-2653-2017-4-53-56.

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Malinovsky, M. P. "Development of a geometric slip flat model when turning a vehicle with two steering axles." Trudy NAMI, no. 2 (July 17, 2021): 34–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.51187/0135-3152-2021-2-34-45.

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Introduction (problem statement and relevance). One of the main stages in the design ofspecial purpose vehicles is the calculation of the steering control. At that, engineers are guided by anumber of regulatory documents that lack one of the most important requirements, which is to minimize tire lateral deviation. The author notes the lack of scientific research in the field of geometric slip, which is caused by the non-compliance between the actual angles of wheels rotation and the calculated values for pure rolling and is an inherent property of any traditional steering linkage.The purpose of the study was to develop a mathematical model of the steering drive of a special-purpose vehicle with two steering axles to assess the geometric and power slip.Methodology and research methods. There is a known method for calculating the steering drive using trigonometric expressions, in particular the cosine theorem. The author proposed to use the coordinateiterative method developed by him and based on the equation of the sphere, with the steering wheel rotation angle in the kinematic calculation of the steering drive as a differentiation step. The choice of the steering drive parameters according to the conditions of symmetry and minimization of slip was carried out by the method of multivariable optimization.Results. In the course of the research, it was found that the choice of the characteristic of geometric noncompliance was a multi-parameter task, and changing one parameter led to the necessity of adjusting the others. If it was not possible to achieve zero geometric slip for all steered wheels, the task of optimizing the steering drive parameters wasreduced to minimizing geometric or total slip. The value of the slip essentially depended on the selected differentiation step. When choosing the characteristic of geometric slip, it was necessary to observe the condition of the steering linkage symmetry when turning left and right. When the wheels were turned from the neutral position to the periphery, the power and geometric slip compensated each other, which led to the decrease of the total slip and tire wear.The scientific novelty of the work lies in the development of a geometric slip model for a vehicle with two steerable axles, including a spatial model of the steering drive which allows to evaluate the influence of the geometric slip on the turn kinematics, as well as the mutual influence of geometric and power slip in order to select the steering drive optimal parameters of the multi-axle vehicle from the viewpoint of minimizing tire wear during curvilinear motion.Practical significance. The research results must be taken into account in the development of steering drive and turning control systems for multi-axle special-purpose vehicles, including them in the educational process as well.
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Zhu, Chuan Qi, Sen Wu, and Yun Zhen Yang. "Research on Electronic Differential Speed Control for In-Wheel Motor Drive Electric Vehicle." Applied Mechanics and Materials 525 (February 2014): 337–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.525.337.

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The paper studies control strategy of electronic differential for four in-wheel motors independent drive vehicle. For the in-wheel motor independent drive electric vehicle, the differential speed relationship among the two wheels is analyzed according to the Ackermann&Jeantand steering mode, building the steering differential speed mode which adapt to bench test. When a vehicle drives on a straight line, the speed of each drive wheel is equal. While on a curve, the speed between the inner wheel and the outer one must be different in order to maintain vehicle stability and avoid vehicle skid. The all wheels must meet the requirement of angular speed. Based on Matlab/Simulink software , As a input, vehicle structure parameter, steering angular and so on, this model of differential speed was structured, drive wheel differential speed relationship at different steering wheel angles was determined .Finally, this electronic differential speed control for in-wheel motor drive electric vehicle is validated through PID control closed loops bench simulation test .
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Leng, Bo, Yehan Jiang, Yize Yu, Lu Xiong, and Zhuoping Yu. "Distributed drive electric autonomous vehicle steering angle control based on active disturbance rejection control." Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part D: Journal of Automobile Engineering 235, no. 1 (August 6, 2020): 128–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0954407020944288.

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Based on active disturbance rejection control technique and characteristics of electric power steering, a steering angle tracking controller is designed, which consists of an aligning moment estimator to deal with modeling error and nonlinearity of electric power steering. The aligning moment estimator is based on an extended state observer and takes steering system friction and differential drive steering torque, which is a unique phenomenon in a distributed drive electric vehicle, into consideration. According to the estimated aligning moment and tracking differentiator, the steering angle tracking controller is designed based on a nonlinear state feedback control and feedforward compensation control laws. Results of various simulations and experiments, including pivot steering, step input steering, and sinusoidal input steering, show that the proposed controller has good performance in tracking reference steering angle and is convenient to implement. With the aligning moment estimator, the proposed controller shows better results in comparative experiments than a conditional integral-based steering angle tracking controller.
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Rao, A. Padma. "Steering of an Automobile using Belt Drive." International Journal of Current Engineering and Technology 2, no. 2 (January 1, 2010): 610–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.14741/ijcet/spl.2.2014.116.

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Pan, Hao, and Run Sheng Song. "The Control Strategy and Experimental Analysis of Electronic Differential Steering for Four Independent Drive Hub Motor Electric Vehicle." Advanced Materials Research 1030-1032 (September 2014): 1550–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.1030-1032.1550.

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Wheel hub motor used in drive system of pure electric vehicle has become hot research and future development. Based on a four-wheel independent drive(4WID) electric vehicles with wheel hub motors, the paper has made the research on electronic differential steering control strategy by using Ackermann steering model conditions, and the experimental results have also been analyzed for the actual steering control effects under differential control strategy.
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Song, Qiang, and Pu Zeng. "Study on the Steering Performance of Dual-Motor Drive Track Bulldozer." Applied Mechanics and Materials 427-429 (September 2013): 133–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.427-429.133.

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The driving theory and the dynamic characteristics of small radius steering, medium radius steering and big radius steering is analyzed, and the simulation model is established under Matlab/Simulink. Then the track bulldozers steering performance of the three sheerings is simulated. The results show that, at different steering modes, the running states of the two sides driving motors are not the same, and the track driving forces of the two sides vary widely. The track driving force is great in the small radius steering model, while small in the medium and big radius steering models. The simulation results lay the foundation for dual-motor drive track bulldozers steering performance matching.
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Chen, Yi, and Jun Liu. "Research on Control Strategy of Differential Assisted Steering of Distributed Drive Electric Vehicle." Applied Mechanics and Materials 431 (October 2013): 241–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.431.241.

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The distributed drive electric vehicle was studied in this paper. According to the advantages of the controllable and accurate wheel speed and torque the ideal differential assisted characteristic curve was designed under different vehicle speed as well as a control strategy for differential power steering, a vehicle dynamics model based on CarSim/Simulink and simulation experiments were conducted. The experimental results indicated that on the premise to guarantee the road feeling, the control strategy for differential power steering decreased the steering wheel torque, angle and reduced driver's work-load , improved markedly the steering portability of the distributed drive electric vehicle.
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Xu, Tao, Xuewu Ji, and Yanhua Shen. "A novel assist-steering method with direct yaw moment for distributed-drive articulated heavy vehicle." Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part K: Journal of Multi-body Dynamics 234, no. 1 (November 26, 2019): 214–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1464419319889531.

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This paper presents a novel assist-steering method for distributed-drive articulated heavy vehicles (DAHVs) to reduce its dependency on hydraulic steering method and improve the pressure characteristics of hydraulic struts. The objective is to realise the electrification of steering process for DAHVs, which is the basis of unmanned design with more stable control in the following studies. The theory and purpose of the proposed assist-steering method in this paper distinguishes it from the traditional direct yaw-moment control method or assist-steering methods in the previous studies, which easily produce interference with hydraulic steering method in DAHVs during steering process. In this paper, an accurate vehicle model is developed along with the field test for its satisfactory verification. Meanwhile, with the decoupling analyses of two different effects of steering methods on vehicle steering process, the assist-steering method is developed. In order to show the advantages brought on by this method, a case study is performed and analyzed. The results demonstrate that this proposed method can reduce the pressure of hydraulic steering system to about 41.2% without any changes of steering process, which is limited by the drive ability of wheel-side motor. Moreover, the pressure of inlet chamber in hydraulic struts is always reduced to about 40%–60% without any changes of the pressure in outlet chamber, which can improve the working performance of hydraulic steering system.
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Tian, Jie, Jun Tong, and Shi Luo. "Differential Steering Control of Four-Wheel Independent-Drive Electric Vehicles." Energies 11, no. 11 (October 24, 2018): 2892. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en11112892.

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This paper investigates the skid steering of four-wheel independent-drive (4WID) electric vehicles (EV) and a differential steering of a 4WID EV with a steer-by-wire (SBW) system in case of steering failure. The dynamic models of skid steering vehicle (SSV) and differential steering vehicle (DSV) are established and the traditional front-wheel steering vehicle with neutral steering characteristics is selected as the reference model. On this basis, sideslip angle observer and two different sliding mode variable structure controllers for SSV and DSV are designed respectively. Co-simulation results of CarSim and Simulink show that the designed controller for DSV not only controls the yaw rate and sideslip angle of DSV to track those of the reference model exactly, but also ensures the robustness of the controlled system compared with the designed controller for SSV. And the differential driving torque needed to realize the differential steering is much smaller than that for skid steering, which indicates the possibility of the differential steering in case of steering failure.
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Steering-drive"

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Brown, Thomas B. M. Eng Massachusetts Institute of Technology. "CityCarControl : an electric vehicle drive-by-wire solution for distributed steering, braking and throttle control." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/62634.

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Thesis (M. Eng.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Dept. of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, 2010.
Cataloged from PDF version of thesis.
Includes bibliographical references.
In this paper, we propose CityCarControl, a system to manage the steering, braking, and throttle of a new class of intra-city electric vehicles. These vehicles have a focus on extreme light-weight and a small parking footprint. In order to maximize maneuverability within a city environment, we show the feasibility of omnidirectional steering, and the integration of a folding chassis. Furthermore, we apply traditionally programming best-practice techniques to simplify the design of the control system. Specifically, we present the concept of a modular, fail-silent wheel-robot with a standardized API responsible for controlling steering, braking and throttle within the vehicle.
by Thomas B. Brown.
M.Eng.
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Amata, Hideomi, Chiyomi Miyajima, Akira Ozaki, Takanori Nishino, Norihide Kitaoka, and Kazuya Takeda. "Abrupt Steering Detection Based on the Road Construction Ordinance and Vehicle Acceleration Captured with Drive Recorders." IEEE, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/2237/13906.

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Striedieck, Robert. "LOOPHOLE : How sports cars will find a way to survive the autonomous future." Thesis, Umeå universitet, Designhögskolan vid Umeå universitet, 2017. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:umu:diva-136854.

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What will happen to sport cars once our society and infrastructure allow for a fully autonomous transport systems? My concern for the ”survival of the sports car” clearly originates from an emotional viewpoint rather than a reasonable argument. We know about the benefits that come along with autonomy but that doesn’t make the fear of loosing the emotional side of driving unfounded. My aim was to create a scenario that allows both reason and emotion to coexist and furthermore to benefit from each other rather than to create a conflict. The result is a PORSCHE for 2040 that shows an exciting concept for steering fully autonomous cars of the future. It combines the benefits of autonomy with the emotions of sports cars.
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Crhová, Hana. "Konstrukce řízení vozidla - Elbee." Master's thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Fakulta strojního inženýrství, 2015. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-231669.

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The aim of the diploma thesis is a proposal of a new steering construction of the special vehicle for disabled. The fundamental requirement for new construction is driving by only one main control. New steering construction was designed to uses drive-by-wire method and the vehicle is controlled by joy-stick. The proposal and necessary calculations were performed using Autodesk Inventor Professional 2015 software.
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Li, Tianpei. "Fault Diagnosis for Functional Safety in Electrified and Automated Vehicles." The Ohio State University, 2020. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1587583790925718.

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Horák, Šimon. "Koncepční návrh malého šestikolového užitkového vozidla." Master's thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Fakulta strojního inženýrství, 2009. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-228426.

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This thesis deals with a conceptual design of small utility vehicle with three axles. The aim is to devise a suitable type of frame along with construction of all axles and a steering system, implementation of a drive train, a braking system and other basic equipment. Own solution is preceded by elaboration of a survey dealing with small utility vehicles produced nowadays as well as in the past together with a description of all variants of basic assemblies suitable for the construction of the specified vehicle.
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Sinyukov, Dmitry Aleksandrovich. "Semi-autonomous robotic wheelchair controlled with low throughput human- machine interfaces." Digital WPI, 2017. https://digitalcommons.wpi.edu/etd-dissertations/242.

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For a wide range of people with limited upper- and lower-body mobility, interaction with robots remains a challenging problem. Due to various health conditions, they are often unable to use standard joystick interface, most of wheelchairs are equipped with. To accommodate this audience, a number of alternative human-machine interfaces have been designed, such as single switch, sip-and-puff, brain-computer interfaces. They are known as low throughput interfaces referring to the amount of information that an operator can pass into the machine. Using them to control a wheelchair poses a number of challenges. This thesis makes several contributions towards the design of robotic wheelchairs controlled via low throughput human-machine interfaces: (1) To improve wheelchair motion control, an adaptive controller with online parameter estimation is developed for a differentially driven wheelchair. (2) Steering control scheme is designed that provides a unified framework integrating different types of low throughput human-machine interfaces with an obstacle avoidance mechanism. (3) A novel approach to the design of control systems with low throughput human-machine interfaces has been proposed. Based on the approach, position control scheme for a holonomic robot that aims to probabilistically minimize time to destination is developed and tested in simulation. The scheme is adopted for a real differentially driven wheelchair. In contrast to other methods, the proposed scheme allows to use prior information about the user habits, but does not restrict navigation to a set of pre-defined points, and parallelizes the inference and motion reducing the navigation time. (4) To enable the real time operation of the position control, a high-performance algorithm for single-source any-angle path planning on a grid has been developed. By abandoning the graph model and introducing discrete geometric primitives to represent the propagating wave front, we were able to design a planning algorithm that uses only integer addition and bit shifting. Experiments revealed a significant performance advantage. Several modifications, including optimal and multithreaded implementations, are also presented.
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Siddiqui, Abujawad Rafid. "A Vision and Differential Steering System for a Mobile Robot Platform." Thesis, Blekinge Tekniska Högskola, Sektionen för datavetenskap och kommunikation, 2010. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:bth-3040.

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Context: Effective vision processing is an important study area for mobile robots which use vision to detect objects. The problem of detecting small sized coloured objects (e.g. Lego bricks) with no texture information can be solved using either colour or contours of the objects. The shape of such objects doesn‟t help much in detecting the objects due to the poor quality of the picture and small size of the object in the image. In such cases it is seen that the use of hybrid techniques can benefit the overall detection of objects, especially, combining keypoint based methods with the colour based techniques. Robotic motion also plays a vital role in the completion of autonomous tasks. Mobile robots have different configurations for locomotion. The most important system is differential steering because of its application in sensitive areas like military tanks and security robot platforms. The kinematic design of a robotic platform is usually based on the number of wheels and their movement. There can be several configurations of wheels designs, for example differential drives, car-like designs, omni-directional, and synchro drives. Differential drive systems use speed on individual channels to determine the combined speed and trajectory of the robot. Accurate movement of the robot is very important for correct completion of its activities. Objectives: A vision solution is developed that is capable of detecting small sized colour objects in the environment. This has also been compared with other shape detection techniques for performance evaluation. The effect of distance on detection is also investigated for the participating techniques. The precise motion of a four-wheel differential drive system is investigated. The target robot platform uses a differential drive steering system and the main focus of this study is accurate position and orientation control based upon sensor data. Methods: For object detection, a novel hybrid method „HistSURF‟ is proposed and is compared with other vision processing techniques. This method combines the results of colour histogram comparison and detection by the SURF algorithm. A solution for differential steering using a Gyro for the rotational speed measurement is compared with a solution using a speed model and control outputs without feedback (i.e. dead reckoning). Results: The results from the vision experiment rank the new proposed method highest among the other participating techniques. The distance experiment indicates that there is a direct and inverse relation between the distance and detected SURF features. It is also indicated by the results that distance affects the detection rate of the new proposed technique. In case of robot control, the differential drive solution using a speed model has less error rate than the one that uses a Gyro for angle measurement. It is also clear from the results that the greater the difference of speeds among the channels the less smooth is the angular movement. Conclusions: The results indicate that by combining a key-point based technique with colour segmentation, the false positive rate can be reduced and hence object recognition performance improves . It has also become clear that the improved accuracy of the proposed technique is limited to small distances and its performance decreases rapidly with increase in the distance to target objects. For robot control, the results indicate that a Gyro alone cannot improve the movement accuracy of the robotic system due to a variable drift exhibited by the Gyro while in rotation. However, a Gyro can be effective if used in combination with a magnetometer and some form of estimation mechanism like a Kalman filter. A Kalman filter can be used to correct the error in the Gyro by using the output from the magnetometer, resulting in a good estimate.
Bakgrund: Effektiv vision behandling är ett viktigt studieområde för mobila robotar som använder vision att upptäcka föremål. Problemet upptäcka små och medelstora färgade föremål (t.ex. Lego tegelstenar) utan konsistens information kan lösas med färg eller konturer av föremålen. Formen på sådana föremål spelar ingen hjälpa mycket att upptäcka föremål på grund av den dåliga kvaliteten på bild och ringa storlek på objektet i bilden. I sådana fall är det sett att användningen av hybrid-teknik kan gynna den totala upptäckt av föremål, särskilt genom att kombinera keypoint metoder med färgen tekniker. Robotic motion spelar också en viktig roll i genomförandet av självständiga uppgifter. Mobila robotar har olika konfigurationer för transport. Det viktigaste är differentierad styrning på grund av dess tillämpning i känsliga områden som stridsvagnar och säkerhet plattformar robot. Den kinematiska utformningen av en robot plattform är vanligtvis baserad på antalet hjul och deras rörelser. Det kan finnas flera konfigurationer av hjul mönster, till exempel olika enheter, bil-liknande mönster, rundstrålande, och driver synkroniserad. Differential drivsystem använder fart om olika kanaler för att bestämma den kombinerade snabbhet och banan för roboten. Exakt förflyttning av roboten är mycket viktigt för korrekt ifyllande av sin verksamhet. Mål: En vision lösning har utvecklats som kan upptäcka små och medelstora färg objekt i miljön. Detta har också jämfört med andra tekniker form upptäcka för utvärdering av prestanda. Effekten av avstånd vid upptäckt är också undersökas för de deltagande tekniker. Den exakta rörelse av en fyrhjulsdriven olika drivsystem undersöks. Målet robot plattform använder en differentierad system driva styrning och i centrum för denna studie är korrekt läge och riktning kontroll baserat på sensordata. Metoder: För att upptäcka, en ny hybrid metod "HistSURF" föreslås och jämförs med andra tekniker vision bearbetning. Denna metod kombinerar resultaten av färg histogram jämförelse och upptäckt av SURF algoritm. En lösning för differentierad styrning med hjälp av en Gyro för varvtal mätningen jämförs med en lösning med en hastighet modell och utgångar kontroll utan återkoppling (dvs död räkning). Resultat: Resultaten från den vision experiment inom den nya föreslagna metoden högsta bland de andra deltagande tekniker. Avståndet experiment indikerar att det finns ett direkt och omvänd korrelation mellan avstånd och upptäckt SURF funktioner. Det är också framgå av resultatet från det avståndet påverkar upptäckten hastighet av den nya föreslagna tekniken. Vid robot kontroll har skillnaden köra lösningen med en hastighet modell mindre felfrekvens än den som använder en Gyro för vinkelmätning. Det framgår även av resultaten att ju större skillnaden i hastigheter mellan de kanaler de mindre smidiga är vinkelrörelse. Slutsatser: Resultaten visar att genom att kombinera en central-punkt baserad teknik med färg segmentering, den falska positiva kan sänkas och därmed objektigenkänning prestanda ökar. Det har också blivit uppenbart att förbättrad noggrannhet av den föreslagna tekniken är begränsad till små avstånd och dess prestanda minskar snabbt med ökat avstånd till målet objekt. För robot kontroll, tyder resultaten på att en Gyro inte ensam kan förbättra rörligheten noggrannhet robotsystem på grund av en variabel glida ut av Gyro medan rotation. Men en Gyro kan vara effektiva om de används i kombination med en magnetometer och någon form av uppskattning mekanism som ett Kalman filter. En Kalman filter kan användas för att rätta till felet i Gyro med hjälp av utdata från magnetometer, vilket resulterar i en god uppskattning.
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Besselink, Bernard Christian. "Tractive performance of integrated steering-drive systems." 2005. http://arrow.unisa.edu.au:8081/1959.8/44846.

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This research studied the tractive performance of integrated steering-drive systems by investigating a two-wheel-drive vehicle having two independent rear drive wheels and non-driven steerable front wheels. The feasibility of integrating the steering and drive systems and the performance advantages that may be obtained was investigated. In order to demonstrate the feasibility of the concept, the steering system and the drive system of a test vehicle were integrated using a computer with a specially-developed program. The software algorithm developed for the program used the mathematical relationship between the rear drive wheel speeds and the steer angles of the non-driven front wheels to set the steer angles. A test-bed vehicle was fitted with instrumentation to implement the computer-integrated system. The circuitry of the hydraulic lines of the hydraulically-driven test vehicle was modified to allow changes in drive configuration. These changes are not possible with conventional vehicles. The test vehicle could be configured for the following steering-drive configurations: open differential rear drive with steerable front wheels, independent rear drive wheels with front castors, locked differential rear drive with steerable front wheels and the computer-integrated steering-drive system developed. The sensors on the vehicle allowed data collection for characterising the vehicle and wheels. omputer models were developed for the various steering-drive configurations from the force relationships, longitudinal slip relationships, vehicle geometry and turning geometry. Characteristics of the test vehicle's wheels for use in the models were measured experimentally. he models were used to simulate the behaviour, and calculate the tractive performance, of the four steering-drive configurations in various situations but actual tests were not able to be conducted with the available resources. Unlike previous models, the models of this research used force and longitudinal slip information rather than power input and power output to produce values for drawbar efficiency. theoretical analysis was conducted into the optimal slip conditions for maximum tractive efficiency. The analysis was conducted using a more rigorous mathematical analysis than previous researchers and used a thorough graphical analysis to substantiate the mathematical analysis. Previous studies concluded that under all traction conditions the efficiency of slip will be a maximum when the slip of each wheel is equal. This research revealed that, contrary to the previous literature, efficiency of slip will not be a maximum when the slip of each wheel is equal under non-uniform traction conditions. The simulations were focussed on turning situations, non-uniform traction conditions and traversing slopes. The optimal slip conditions and steer angles for turning situations were also investigated and analysed. The computer-integrated steering-drive system achieved a drawbar pull 50% higher than that for a conventional open differential when undertaking a 10 m radius turn with non-uniform traction conditions. Under these conditions, the drawbar efficiency of the computer-integrated steering-drive system was 5% greater than that for the open differential at the lower drawbar pull. It was concluded that it is feasible and beneficial to use a computer-integrated steering system. Vehicles using such a system would operate more effectively and efficiently when turning under load, moving across slopes and in non-uniform traction conditions. More effectiveness was provided through greater drawbar pull and higher drawbar efficiency.
thesis (PhD)--University of South Australia, 2005.
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樊奕承. "Trajectory autonomous compensations for vehicle steering on four-wheel drive." Thesis, 2009. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/59094918867885574215.

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Books on the topic "Steering-drive"

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Reimpell, Jörnsen. The automotive chassis: Engineering principles : chassis and vehicle overall, wheel suspensions and types of drive, axle kinematics and elastokinematics, steering, springing, tyres, construction and calculations advice. 2nd ed. Warrendale, PA: Society of Automotive Engineers, 2001.

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Reimpell, Jörnsen. The automotive chassis: Engineering principles : chassis and vehicle overall, wheel suspensions and types of drive, axle kinematics and elastokinematics, steering, springing, tyres, construction and calculations advice. 2nd ed. Oxford: Butterworth Heinemann, 2001.

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Henning, Wallentowitz, ed. Allradlenksysteme bei Personenkraftwagen. Braunschweig: Vieweg, 1991.

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LAND.TECHNIK AgEng 2019. VDI Verlag, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.51202/9783181023617.

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Dieser VDI-Bericht ist ausschließlich als PDF-Dokument erschienen! Content half of it… Analysis of Drive Trains Model-Based Chiptuning Detection of Diesel Engines 1 M. Hinrichs, P. Pickel, John Deere GmbH, Kaiserslautern R. Isermann, Institute of Automatic Control, Darmstadt An Analysis of the Energy Consumption in the High-Pressure System of an Agricultural Tractor through Modeling and Experiment 9 X. Tian, A. Vacca, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, USA; S. Fiorati, F. Pintore, CNH Industrial S.p.A, Modena, Italy Multi-Domain Simulation for the Assessment of the NVH Behaviour of a Tractor with Hydrostatic-Mechanical Power Split Transmission 19 G. Pasch, G. Jacobs, G. Höpfner, J. Berroth, Institute for Machine Elements and Systems Engineering, RWTH Aachen University, Aachen Methods to evaluate steering performance of agricultural tractors 29 S. Liljenberg, M. Frederiksen, T. H. Langer, Danfoss Power Solutions, Nordborg, Denmark Tyres and Soil Soil pressure and pulling be...
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Triantafillou, Peter, and Naja Vucina. The politics of health promotion. Manchester University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.7228/manchester/9781526100528.001.0001.

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This book examines the politics of health promotion in Denmark and England. Based on two areas of health interventions, namely obesity control and mental recovery, the book analyses how public health policies have shifted since the 1980s from a dual strategy of prevention – by modifying the physical environment – and curation to a strategy of health promotion. This involves a new kind of power exercised over and through the subjectivity not only of the ill and sick, but, in principle, all citizens. Thus, the aim of health promotion is not only to prevent or cure illness, but to improve health, a political ambition that has no immanent limits. While health promotion is endorsing a soft mode of power that works through the subjectivity and freedom of those over whom it is exercised, its drive to indefinitely improve the health of each and all calls for concern. Inspired by Michel Foucault, the book employs the conceptual terms constructivist neoliberalism and optimistic vitalism to grasp this phenomenon. Whereas the former denotes a general mode of power working through the mobilization of the self-steering capacities of individuals and groups, the latter term points to the specific mode of biopower by which public authorities constantly seek to augment the health and productive capacities of its citizens.
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Book chapters on the topic "Steering-drive"

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Szilagyi, A., V. Ciupe, and I. Maniu. "Applications of the Ackerman Steering and Electronic Differential in Modern Electric Drive Automotive Systems." In The 11th IFToMM International Symposium on Science of Mechanisms and Machines, 463–69. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-01845-4_46.

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Hou, Rufei, Li Zhai, and Tianmin Sun. "Adaptive Steering Stability Control for A Four In-Wheel-Motor Independent-Drive Electric Vehicle." In Lecture Notes in Electrical Engineering, 323–36. Singapore: Springer Singapore, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-13-9718-9_24.

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Gang, Li, Fan Dongsheng, and Wang Ye. "Study on Vehicle Driving State Estimation for Four-Wheel Independent Drive and Steering Electric Vehicle." In Lecture Notes in Electrical Engineering, 339–50. Singapore: Springer Singapore, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-15-7945-5_24.

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Zhang, Yunan, Yongbao Yan, Nanming Yan, and Peng Tian. "Research and Simulation of Trajectory Tracking Control Algorithm for Multiwheel Independent Drive Skid Steering Unmanned Ground Vehicle." In Advances in Intelligent Systems and Computing, 439–48. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-54927-4_42.

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GRITTI, Giovanni, Franco PEVERADA, Stefano ORLANDI, Marco GADOLA, Stefano UBERTI, Daniel CHINDAMO, Matteo ROMANO, and Andrea OLIVI. "Mechanical steering gear internal friction: effects on the drive feel and development of an analytic experimental model for its prediction." In Lecture Notes in Mechanical Engineering, 339–50. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-45781-9_35.

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Nastasoiu, Mircea, and Nicolae Ispas. "Simultaneous Influences of Tyre Pressure and Steering Geometry upon the Theoretical Speed Ratio in the Running Gear System of Four-Wheel Drive Tractors." In CONAT 2016 International Congress of Automotive and Transport Engineering, 331–38. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-45447-4_37.

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Arof, Saharul, M. S. Said, N. H. N. Diyanah, N. M. Noor, N. M. Yaakop, Philip Mawby, H. Arof, and Emilia Noorsal. "Series Motor Four-Quadrant Direct Current Chopper: Reverse Mode, Steering Position Control with Double-Circle Path Tracking and Control for Autonomous Reverse Parking of Direct Current Drive Electric Car." In Advanced Structured Materials, 121–36. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-46036-5_12.

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Li, Yu, Robin Huw Crompton, Weijie Wang, Russell Savage, and Michael M. GÜnther. "Hind limb drive, hind limb steering? Functional differences between fore and hind limbs in chimpanzee quadrupedalism." In Shaping Primate Evolution, 258–78. Cambridge University Press, 2004. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/cbo9780511542336.016.

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Morton, Nicholas. "Friends and Foes (1099–1129)." In The Crusader States and their Neighbours, 50–87. Oxford University Press, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198824541.003.0003.

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Chapter 2 Friends and Foes discusses the Crusader States’ closest neighbours in the early years of the twelfth century. On their southern borders the Franks confronted the Egyptian Fatimid Empire and it will be shown here how the the Franks managed to overcome the many attacks launched against them by Fatimid commanders. On their eastern borders, the Franks faced the Turkish city-states of Damascus and Aleppo. This chapter shows how the Turks were never able to unite against the Franks due both to their continued infighting and to the many other threats to their rule. This was an era where the complete collapse of Turkish authority across Syria was a very real possibility, driven by Frankish attacks as well as by many local rebellions. In this environment, mere survival was often the goal steering these Turkish leaders’ policies and it was frequently in their interests to manage the threat posed by the Crusader States by diplomatic means rather than seeking to drive them out of the Near East altogether. Further North, in the wake of the First Crusade, the Armenian lords of Cilicia and Southern Anatolia seized the opportunity to drive back Turkish authority, but they then had to negotiate new relationships for themselves with the Crusader States. These included moments of both conflict and rivalry as well as and friendship and accord. The early history of their interactions is examined in detail.
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Tahir Guneser, Muhammet, Mohammed Ayad Alkhafaji, and Cihat Seker. "Design, Simulation and Analysis of the Propulsion and Control System for an Electric Vehicle." In New Perspectives on Electric Vehicles [Working Title]. IntechOpen, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.5772/intechopen.98873.

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The problems of global warming, a decrease of the available natural resources and many other problems in the world that happen recently become the major cause for increasing the demand for a new type of vehicle. That vehicle can be an environmental friend and so that a new generation of vehicles has been invented and tried to solve and avoid many problems. In this chapter, the proposed system is called the Multi-Converter/Multi-Machine system (MCMMS) which consists of two Synchronous Reluctance Motor (SynRM) that drive the two rear wheels of Pure Electric Vehicle (PEV). The SynRM speed and torque are controlled by using three different strategies of the PID controller. The PSO algorithm has been used as an optimization technique to find the optimal PID parameter to enhance the drive system performance of the PEV. In this system, the space vector pulse width modulation inverter for voltage source (VS-SVPWMI) has been employed to convert the DC battery voltage to three-phase AC voltage that feeds the SynRM motor in the PEV. The linear speed of the vehicle is controlled by an Electronic Differential Controller (EDC) which gives the reference speed for each driving wheel which depends on the driver reference speed and the steering angle. The specified driving route topology with three different road cases has been applied to acting and show the resistive forces that affected on the PEV during its moving on the road. In addition, to test the efficiency and stability of the PEV on the roads. Hence, this chapter has a full design, simulation and several comparison results for the propulsion electric vehicle system and it has tested implemented in the Matlab/Simulink environment version R2020a.
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Conference papers on the topic "Steering-drive"

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Blair, D. B., and I. J. Spark. "Computer Controlled Integrated Steering / Drive System for Vehicles." In ASME 1996 Design Engineering Technical Conferences and Computers in Engineering Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 1996. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/96-detc/cie-1435.

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Abstract This paper discusses how a computer controlled four-wheel-steering (4WS) system can be used to increase the ability, namely low speed stability and traction as well as increased manoeuvrability of four-wheel-drive (4WD) vehicles. The essential feature of the integrated 4WS/4WD vehicle is that the path of the vehicle is selected via a joy stick or steering wheel, and a computer then controls the drive system of the two right hand wheels independently of the two left hand wheels, along with the positive rotation of the four wheels about vertical axes to the appropriate angles. Previous work by Spark and Besselink (1994a) relating to two wheel steering (2WS) / two wheel drive (2WD) systems will also be discussed briefly and expanded.
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Shuang, Gao, Norbert C. Cheung, K. W. Eric Cheng, Dong Lei, and Liao Xiaozhong. "Skid Steering in 4-Wheel-Drive Electric Vehicle." In 2007 7th International Conference on Power Electronics and Drive Systems. IEEE, 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/peds.2007.4487913.

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Consoli, A., G. Scarcella, G. Scelba, A. Testa, and S. De Caro. "Sensorless IPMS motor drive control for electric power steering." In 2008 IEEE Power Electronics Specialists Conference - PESC 2008. IEEE, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/pesc.2008.4592147.

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Wood, Carl G., Trent Perry, Douglas Cook, Russell Maxfield, and Morgan E. Davidson. "Mid-sized omnidirectional robot with hydraulic drive and steering." In AeroSense 2003, edited by Grant R. Gerhart, Charles M. Shoemaker, and Douglas W. Gage. SPIE, 2003. http://dx.doi.org/10.1117/12.497169.

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Hui Zhang, Jinhong Liu, Jing Ren, Yuzhi Zhang, and Yongjun Gao. "Research on Electric Power Steering with BLDC drive system." In 2009 IEEE 6th International Power Electronics and Motion Control Conference. IEEE, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/ipemc.2009.5157543.

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Yang, Lei, Biao Ma, Heyan Li, and Hailing Zhang. "Steering Fuzzy PID Control for Tracked Vehicle with Hydrostatic Drive." In 2009 International Conference on Computational Intelligence and Software Engineering. IEEE, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/cise.2009.5366878.

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Shen, Yanhua, and Zixiang Liu. "Energy Efficiency of Distributed-Drive Articulated Vehicle by Differential Steering." In SAE WCX Digital Summit. 400 Commonwealth Drive, Warrendale, PA, United States: SAE International, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.4271/2021-01-0969.

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Junnian Wang, Qingnian Wang, and Liqiang Jin. "Modeling and simulation studies on differential drive assisted steering for EV with four-wheel-independent-drive." In 2008 IEEE Vehicle Power and Propulsion Conference (VPPC). IEEE, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/vppc.2008.4677428.

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Colombini, Marcos F., and Thomas Cook. "Making a Regional Belt Drive Rack Electric Power Steering System Global." In 26th SAE BRASIL Inernational Congress and Display. 400 Commonwealth Drive, Warrendale, PA, United States: SAE International, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.4271/2017-36-0188.

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Chen, Hao, Da Xu, Peng Du, Yanhua Jiang, and Xiaomin Lian. "Differential steering control algorithm of 6-wheel fixed-axle drive vehicle." In 2018 Chinese Control And Decision Conference (CCDC). IEEE, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/ccdc.2018.8407715.

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