Relevant bibliographies by topics / Steel storage racks

Academic literature on the topic 'Steel storage racks'

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Published: 4 June 2021
Last updated: 20 February 2023

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Journal articles on the topic "Steel storage racks"

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Deng, Tianyang, Yu Niu, Lingfeng Yin, Zhiqiang Lin, and Zhanjie Li. "Load Distribution Optimization of Steel Storage Rack Based on Genetic Algorithm." Buildings 12, no. 11 (October 24, 2022): 1782. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/buildings12111782.

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The distribution of load has high uncertainty, which is the main cause of a rack structure’s instabilities. The objective of this study was to identify the most unfavorable and favorable load distributions on steel storage racks with and without bracings under seismic loading through a stochastic optimization—a genetic algorithm (GA). This paper begins with optimizing the most unfavorable and favorable load distributions on the steel storage racks with and without bracings using GA. Based on the optimization results, the failure position and seismic performance influencing factors, such as the load distributions on the racks and at hazardous positions, are then identified. In addition, it is demonstrated that the maximum stress ratio of the uprights under the most unfavorable load distribution is higher than that under the full-load normal design, and it is not the case that the higher the center of gravity the more dangerous the steel storage rack is, demonstrating that the load distribution pattern has a significant impact on the structural safety of steel storage racks. The statistics of the distributions of the load generated during the optimization of the GA and the contours of the probability distributions of the load are generated. Combining the probability distribution contours and the GA’s optimization findings, the “convex” distribution hazard model and the “concave” distribution safety model for a steel storage rack with bracings are identified. In addition, the features of the distribution hazard model and the load distribution safety model are also identified for steel storage racks without bracings.
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Cheng, Bo, and Zhen Yu Wu. "Experimental Study on Lateral Stiffness and Dynamic Properties of Steel Drive-in Storage Racks." Applied Mechanics and Materials 351-352 (August 2013): 730–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.351-352.730.

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The static and free vibration tests were carried out to investigate the initial lateral stiffness and dynamic properties of steel drive-in storage racks. The bracing configuration and friction between pallets and rail beams were taken into consideration. The static test results indicate that the tested storage racks show sideways and torsional deformation modes under the single-point horizontal force. Both top plan bracings and back spine bracings can change the load transfer through the rack framework, strengthen the initial lateral stiffness of racks, but only back spine bracings can affect the natural frequency and damping ratio of racks. The friction force between pallets and rail beams makes pallets act as links to connect adjacent rack columns, so the pallets are beneficial factors to increase the lateral stiffness of storage racks. Compared with unload racks, the natural frequencies of loaded racks are smaller.
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Rafiqul Haque, A. B. M., and M. Shahria Alam. "Direct Displacement-Based Design of Industrial Rack Clad Buildings." Earthquake Spectra 29, no. 4 (November 2013): 1311–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.1193/080611eqs195m.

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A rack clad building (RCB) is a type of warehouse building system built using steel storage racks as the seismic force resisting system. Generally, these rack systems are larger and taller compared to the conventional steel storage racks commonly used in warehouses. These buildings have peripheral racks that can support the claddings. These rack systems possess some unique properties, such as the members built using thin-walled perforated steel sections and the beam-to-column connection utilizing a teardrop connector in the down-aisle direction. Due to the pinched-type hysteretic behavior of these connections, the structure shows unique behavior under lateral loading. To date, very little research has been carried out to determine the seismic performance of an RCB. Current building codes have no provisions for designing a RCB against seismic loading. This study presents a direct displacement-based design (DDBD) procedure for designing these structures in the down-aisle direction.
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Bernuzzi, Claudio, Giammaria Gabbianelli, Armando Gobetti, and Alessandro Rosti. "Beam design for steel storage racks." Journal of Constructional Steel Research 116 (January 2016): 156–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jcsr.2015.09.007.

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Filiatrault, Andre, Peter S. Higgins, Assawin Wanitkorkul, James A. Courtwright, and Robert Michael. "Experimental Seismic Response of Base Isolated Pallet-Type Steel Storage Racks." Earthquake Spectra 24, no. 3 (August 2008): 617–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.1193/1.2942375.

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This paper presents the results of uniaxial and triaxial shake table tests performed on directly anchored and base isolated steel pallet storage racks loaded with simulated and real merchandise. The new base isolation system provides seismic isolation in the cross-aisle direction of a rack only, while providing similar restraints as conventional bolted base plates in the down-aisle direction. The objective of the isolation in the cross-aisle direction is to reduce the horizontal accelerations of the rack in order to reduce content spillage and structural damage during a major seismic event, without interfering with normal material handling operations. Base isolation is not provided in the down-aisle direction since the range of down-aisle natural periods of typical rack structures is already similar to that of typical base isolated structures. The results of the seismic tests clearly demonstrated the improved structural performance of rack structures incorporating the new cross-aisle base isolation system. Cross-aisle absolute accelerations and interstory drifts of the base isolated rack structure were reduced considerably compared to the values measured in the same rack conventionally anchored at its base. The base isolation system also had an effect in reducing the down-aisle accelerations. The base isolated racks met the performance objectives recommended in the FEMA 460 document “Seismic Considerations for Steel Storage Racks Located in Areas Accessible to the Public” both for life safety under the Design Earthquake (DE) and for collapse prevention under the Maximum Considered Earthquake (MCE).
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Crosier, Jeff, Mark Hannah, and David Mukai. "Damage to steel storage racks in industrial buildings in the Darfield earthquake." Bulletin of the New Zealand Society for Earthquake Engineering 43, no. 4 (December 31, 2010): 425–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.5459/bnzsee.43.4.425-428.

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On September 8, a team investigated damage to industrial structures in Christchurch due to the Darfield Earthquake. While there was very little damage to structures regardless of age and framing system, damage to steel storage racks varied from no damage to complete collapse. This paper reports on the observations about the damage to steel racks, reviews pertinent design standards, and makes some preliminary conclusions about the performance of steel storage racks in the Darfield earthquake.
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Filiatrault, André, Robert E. Bachman, and Michael G. Mahoney. "Performance-Based Seismic Design of Pallet-Type Steel Storage Racks." Earthquake Spectra 22, no. 1 (February 2006): 47–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.1193/1.2150233.

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This paper develops a performance-based seismic design procedure for pallet-type steel storage racks located in areas accessible to the public. Performance objectives for racks consistent with current building code procedures in the United States are defined. The paper focuses on collapse prevention of racks in their down-aisle direction under the Maximum Considered Earthquake (MCE) ground motions at the site. The down-aisle lateral load-resisting systems of racks are typically moment frames utilizing special proprietary beam-to-column moment-resisting connections that may result in large lateral displacements when subjected to MCE ground motions. A simple analytical model that captures the seismic behavior of racks in their down-aisle direction is proposed. The model assumes that the beams and columns remain elastic in the down-aisle direction and that all nonlinear behavior occurs in the beam-to-column connections and the moment-resisting connections between the base columns and support concrete slab. Therefore the behavior is based on the effective rotational stiffnesses developed by the beam-to-column connectors and column-to-slab connections that vary significantly with connection rotation. The model is validated against the results of shake-table tests conducted on full-scale racks under several ground-motion intensities. Finally, the model is incorporated in a displacement-based procedure to verify collapse prevention of racks in their down-aisle direction under the MCE.
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Bernuzzi, Claudio, Claudia Pellegrino, and Marco Simoncelli. "Characterization of Existing Steel Racks via Dynamic Identification." Buildings 11, no. 12 (December 1, 2021): 603. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/buildings11120603.

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Steel storage racks are widely used in logistics for storing materials and goods. Rack design is carried out by adopting the so-called design-assisted-by-testing procedure. In particular, experimental analyses must be carried out by rack producers on the key structural components in order to adopt the design approach proposed for the more traditional carpentry frames. For existing racks, i.e., those in-service for decades, it is required to evaluate the load carrying capacity in accordance with the design provisions currently in use. The main problem in several cases should be the appraisal of the key component performance, owing to the impossibility to obtain specimens from in-service racks without reduction or interruption of the logistic flows. To overcome this problem, a quite innovative procedure for the identification of the structural unknowns of existing racks has been proposed in the paper. The method is based on in-situ modal identification tests combined with extensive numerical analyses. To develop the procedure, cheap measurement systems are required, and they could be immediately applied to existing racks. A real case study is discussed, showing the efficiency of the procedure in the evaluation of the effective elastic stiffness of beam-to-column joints and base plate connections, that are parameters which remarkably affect the rack performance. The structural unknowns have been determined based on four sets of modal tests (two configurations on the longitudinal direction and two in the transversal direction) plus 9079 iterative structural analyses. The results obtained were then directly compared with experimental component tests, showing differences lower than 9%.
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RASMUSSEN, K. J. R., and B. P. GILBERT. "ANALYSIS-BASED 2D DESIGN OF STEEL STORAGE RACKS." International Journal of Structural Stability and Dynamics 11, no. 05 (October 2011): 929–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0219455411004403.

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The paper presents a study of the capacities of steel rack frames based on linear analysis (LA), geometric nonlinear analysis (GNA), and geometric and material nonlinear analysis (GMNIA). In the case of linear and geometric nonlinear analyses, the design is carried out to the Australian cold-formed steel structures AS/NZS4600. The study includes braced, unbraced, and semi-braced frames, and compact and noncompact cross sections. The paper shows axial force and bending moment paths for geometric and geometric and material nonlinear analyses, and explains the differences observed in the design capacities obtained using the different types of analysis based on these paths. The paper provides evidence to support the use of advanced GMNIA for the direct design of steel rack frames without the need for checking section or member capacities to a structural design standard.
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Cheng, Bo, and Zhenyu Wu. "Investigation of Shear Stiffness of Spine Bracing Systems in Selective Pallet Racks." Open Construction and Building Technology Journal 9, no. 1 (May 29, 2015): 1–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.2174/1874836801509010001.

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This paper presents a general analysis on the shear stiffness of spine bracing systems of selective storage racks in the down-aisle direction. Unlike the architectural steel structure, the bearing capacity of bracing connection in the spine bracing systems of steel rack structure is weaker than that of bracing members. Firstly, destructive tests of spine bracing connection in single entry racks have been conducted. In the tests, a portion of column web around bolt holes is damaged due to the pull force of connecting bolts. Based on the experimental results, the finite element shell model of tested bracing connection is developed, and the emulation method is also used to analyze the deformation behavior of spine bracing connections in double entry racks. The calculating results indicate that, with better mechanical behavior and less local deformation, the tensile stiffness of bracing connection in double entry racks is much larger than that of bracing connection in single entry racks. From the trial calculation, the simplified models using elastic plastic beam elements are proposed. These simplified models can be adopted in the overall deformation analysis of selective pallet racks subjected to horizontal loading. Through the comparative analysis of single entry racks and double entry racks which have four bays and eight floors, the lateral deformation of double entry racks is considerably less than that of single entry racks, showing the large different effect of spine bracing systems on two rack lateral behavior.
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Steel storage racks"

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Trouncer, Adam Nevil. "Steel storage racks with locally unstable members." Thesis, The University of Sydney, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/2123/11814.

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This thesis presents comprehensive studies into locally unstable light-gauge steel structures. The aim of this project was to create guidelines for the design of thin-walled steel structures by analyses which consider the effect of cross-sectional instability. Research was conducted to address the knowledge gap associated with the amplification of second-order effects due to local instabilities, the treatment of imperfections in advanced analysis and the effect of interactive buckling on light gauge steel members. The objectives of this research were achieved through a combination of numerical and experimental investigations using two different types of ultra-light gauge steel storage rack uprights. The first series of experiments investigated the effects of interactive buckling through a number of compression tests on varying lengths of ultra-light gauge steel storage rack uprights. The second experimental investigation was used to study the effects of local instabilities on the second-order effects and behaviour of light gauge steel frames. Fourteen full scale storage rack tests were completed using different combinations of beam depths and nominal horizontal loads. Measured imperfection data and calibrated FE models were then used to determine a rational procedure for implementing geometric imperfections into advanced analysis. Special attention was given to the effect that local instabilities had on the second-order displacements of the frame. Based on both the experimental and numerical studies, recommendations were then provided regarding the effect of interactive buckling, inclusion of imperfections in advanced analysis and the effect that local instabilities have on the second-order displacements and ultimate loads of steel storage rack frames.
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Sabzehzar, Saman. "SEISMIC DESIGN AND EVALUATION OF BASE ISOLATED STEEL STORAGE RACKS." Case Western Reserve University School of Graduate Studies / OhioLINK, 2016. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=case14847725697335.

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Shaheen, Mahmoud Serageldin Abdelazeem. "Cross-Aisle Seismic Behaviour of Drive-In Steel Storage Racks." Thesis, The University of Sydney, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/2123/18884.

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Many storage racks fail during earthquakes. Investigations of previous earthquake incidents reported that failures in storage racks were either because of inadequate structural design or because racks were struck by heavy pallet loads falling from the racks as pallets moved and dislodged during the earthquake. This has highlighted the need for robust earthquake design guidelines for steel storage racks. Therefore, the main objective of this thesis project was to study the seismic behaviour of drive-in racks, and particularly to derive the ductility factor for the rack in the cross-aisle direction. Since the seismic response of structures in general and storage rack in particular depends primarily on the characteristics of the ground motion, a comprehensive study was completed for determining and choosing the appropriate earthquake signals to be used in the research. State-of-the-art 3D finite element numerical models were created for studying the nonlinear behaviour of drive-in racks under seismic loads. The models were used to carry out parametric studies on drive-in racks using numerous earthquake records, and several structural systems. Non-destructive earthquake tests were conducted for determining the dynamic properties of drive-in racks. These included the natural frequency, fundamental period, and damping. Destructive earthquake tests were carried out on drive-in rack systems in order to examine their behaviour in the cross-aisle direction. The test results provided an understanding of the 3D behaviour of the cross-aisle frames, defects in the systems used, and areas of improvements. Also, from the destructive tests the ductility of drive-in racks in the cross-aisle direction was determined. Based on the shake table test results and the nonlinear time history dynamic analyses, a “static” type design approach using the equivalent static force concept has been developed to design drive-in racks in the cross-aisle direction
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Koen, Damien Joseph. "Structural Capacity of Light Gauge Steel Storage Rack Uprights." Thesis, The University of Sydney, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/2123/3880.

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This report investigates the down-aisle buckling load capacity of steel storage rack uprights. The effects of discrete torsional restraints provided by the frame bracing in the cross-aisle direction is considered in this report. Since current theoretical methods used to predict the buckling capacity of rack uprights appear to be over-conservative and complex, this research may provide engineers an alternative method of design using detailed finite element analysis. In this study, the results from experimental testing of upright frames with K-bracing are compared to finite element predictions of displacements and maximum axial loads. The finite element analysis is then used to determine the buckling loads on braced and un-braced uprights of various lengths. The upright capacities can then be compared with standard design methods which generally do not accurately take into account the torsional resistance that the cross-aisle frame bracing provides to the upright. The information contained in this report would be beneficial to engineers or manufacturers who are involved in the design of rack uprights or other discretely braced complex light gauge steel members subject to axial loads.
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Koen, Damien Joseph. "Structural Capacity of Light Gauge Steel Storage Rack Uprights." University of Sydney, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/2123/3880.

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Master of Engineering (Research)
This report investigates the down-aisle buckling load capacity of steel storage rack uprights. The effects of discrete torsional restraints provided by the frame bracing in the cross-aisle direction is considered in this report. Since current theoretical methods used to predict the buckling capacity of rack uprights appear to be over-conservative and complex, this research may provide engineers an alternative method of design using detailed finite element analysis. In this study, the results from experimental testing of upright frames with K-bracing are compared to finite element predictions of displacements and maximum axial loads. The finite element analysis is then used to determine the buckling loads on braced and un-braced uprights of various lengths. The upright capacities can then be compared with standard design methods which generally do not accurately take into account the torsional resistance that the cross-aisle frame bracing provides to the upright. The information contained in this report would be beneficial to engineers or manufacturers who are involved in the design of rack uprights or other discretely braced complex light gauge steel members subject to axial loads.
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Talebian, Nima. "Upright Frame Shear Stiffness and Upright Biaxial Bending in the Design of Cold-Formed Steel Storage Rack-Supported Buildings." Thesis, Griffith University, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/10072/381685.

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Steel storage racks are commonly used worldwide to store goods on pallets and represent freestanding structures to design. Recently, a new type of storage systems has gained popularity in which the rack system supports both the building enclosure and the stored goods. These new rack structures are referred to as “rack-supported buildings” or “clad racks”. Due to combined actions of wind loading and stored pallets, uprights undergo a combination of biaxial bending and compression. Existing design rules may not be adequate for this type of combined loading. Furthermore in clad racks, as the outer rack frames must withstand cross-aisle horizontal actions due to wind loading, accurately determining the transverse shear stiffness of the upright frames is essential. Indeed, this stiffness is needed in calculating the elastic buckling load, performing earthquake design and serviceability checks. This thesis is motivated by the two aforementioned aspects relative to clad racks and investigates first the factor affecting the transverse shear stiffness of steel storage rack upright frames and second the biaxial bending behaviour of the uprights. International racking design specifications recommend different approaches to evaluate the shear stiffness. The Rack Manufacturers Institute (RMI) specification conservatively uses an analytical solution based on Timoshenko and Gere's theory while the European (EN15512) and Australian (AS4084) specifications recommend experimental testing to be conducted. Discrepancy between Finite Element Analyses (FEA) and experimental test results is likely attributed to the local deformations occurring at the bolted joints. In the first part of this thesis, an advanced FEA model to accurately capture the transverse shear stiffness of upright frames is developed and verified against published experimental test results. Based on the FE model, the factors contributing to the transverse shear deformation of the frames with Cee-bracing members are quantified and discussed for lip-to-lip and back-to-back bracing patterns. In cold-formed steel structures international specifications, a linear interaction equation is typically used to account for members subject to biaxial bending and may be inaccurate. In the second part of this thesis, the biaxial bending capacity of the uprights is experimentally investigated and the actual interactive relationship between bending of the uprights about the major and minor axes, for local and distortional buckling is determined. Two types of regularly perforated and non-perforated storage rack uprights are investigated. An advanced finite element model to determine the biaxial bending capacity of cold-formed steel storage rack upright sections is validated against the experimental tests and parametric studies are performed to analyse the biaxial response of slender, semi-compact and compact unperforated storage rack upright cross-sections in local and distortional buckling failure modes only. The results from the parametric studies are used to verify the accuracy of different forms of published direct strength method (DSM) equations.
Thesis (PhD Doctorate)
Doctor of Philosophy (PhD)
School of Eng & Built Env
Science, Environment, Engineering and Technology
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Dai, Liusi. "The Hysteretic Behaviour of Beam-to-upright Connections and Their Role in Predicting the Structural Response of Steel Storage Racks under Seismic Action." Thesis, The University of Sydney, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/2123/19645.

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The objective of the research is to investigate the hysteretic behaviour of beam-to-upright connections commonly used in cold-formed steel storage racks, and their role in predicting the structural response of steel storage racks under seismic action. The mechanical beam-to-upright connections are commonly utilised for their convenience in assembly and adjustment. Steel storage racks are slender structures which are sensitive to the second-order effect. The static and dynamic performance of rack structures are thus significantly influenced by the behaviour of connections. Due to the complex nature, current design of beam-to-upright connections largely depends on experiments which are comparatively expensive and time-consuming. To overcome the disadvantages of conducting experiments, this study apply the Component Method to predict the flexural behaviour of beam-to-upright connections in terms of the rotational stiffness and the load-displacement behaviour of main deformable components. Another knowledge gap in research of rack structures is the cyclic behaviour of connections. Cyclic tests on two widely used connection types are carried out considering different geometric details. The deformation characteristic and moment-rotation relationships of test specimens are recorded in the experiments. Moreover, based on experimental and analytical results, Pinching4 model is employed to characterise the hysteretic behaviour of the connections, and the corresponding model parameters are proposed. Furthermore, finite element models of connections incorporating fracture simulations are established and verified against the experimental results. Parametric studies are conducted to determine the effects of various parameters. Taking advantage of the finite element analysis software, the proposed hysteretic model of connections is applied in the dynamic analysis of rack structures to improve the accuracy of transient dynamic analysis of racks under seismic loading.
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Gusella, Federico [Verfasser], Klaus [Akademischer Betreuer] Thiele, and Maurizio [Akademischer Betreuer] Orlando. "On the mechanical behavior of steel rack connections and its influence on the seismic response of industrial storage systems / Federico Gusella ; Klaus Thiele, Maurizio Orlando." Braunschweig : Technische Universität Braunschweig, 2021. http://d-nb.info/1225038286/34.

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Gusella, Federico Verfasser], Klaus [Akademischer Betreuer] [Thiele, and Maurizio [Akademischer Betreuer] Orlando. "On the mechanical behavior of steel rack connections and its influence on the seismic response of industrial storage systems / Federico Gusella ; Klaus Thiele, Maurizio Orlando." Braunschweig : Technische Universität Braunschweig, 2021. http://d-nb.info/1225038286/34.

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Books on the topic "Steel storage racks"

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Building Seismic Safety Council (U.S.). Seismic considerations for steel storage racks located in areas accessible to the public. Washington, D.C: National Institute of Building Sciences, 2005.

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Book chapters on the topic "Steel storage racks"

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Baldassino, N., M. Bernardi, R. Zandonini, and A. di Gioia. "Full-scale tests of industrial steel storage pallet racks." In Current Perspectives and New Directions in Mechanics, Modelling and Design of Structural Systems, 881–86. London: CRC Press, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/9781003348443-144.

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Baldassino, N., M. Bernardi, R. Zandonini, and A. di Gioia. "Full‐scale tests of industrial steel storage pallet racks." In Current Perspectives and New Directions in Mechanics, Modelling and Design of Structural Systems, 309–10. London: CRC Press, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/9781003348450-144.

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Baldassino, Nadia, Martina Bernardi, Claudio Bernuzzi, Arturo di Gioia, and Marco Simoncelli. "Seismic Performance Monitoring and Identification of Steel Storage Pallet Racks." In Lecture Notes in Civil Engineering, 447–55. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-64908-1_42.

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Baldassino, Nadia, Martina Bernardi, Claudio Bernuzzi, Arturo di Gioia, and Marco Simoncelli. "Seismic Performance Monitoring and Identification of Steel Storage Pallet Racks." In Lecture Notes in Civil Engineering, 447–55. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-64908-1_42.

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Huang, Z., X. Zhao, and K. S. Sivakumaran. "Experimental tests on the rack-to-spine-bracing joints of high-rise steel storage racks." In Current Perspectives and New Directions in Mechanics, Modelling and Design of Structural Systems, 907–12. London: CRC Press, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/9781003348443-148.

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Huang, Z., X. Zhao, and K. S. Sivakumaran. "Experimental tests on the rack-to-spine-bracing joints of high-rise steel storage racks." In Current Perspectives and New Directions in Mechanics, Modelling and Design of Structural Systems, 317–18. London: CRC Press, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/9781003348450-148.

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Baldassino, Nadia, Martina Bernardi, and Riccardo Zandonini. "Monotonic and Cyclic Behaviour of Base-Plate Joints of Steel Storage Racks: An Experimental Study." In Lecture Notes in Civil Engineering, 303–10. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-03811-2_29.

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Dai, L., and X. Zhao. "Experimental investigation on steel storage rack beam-to-upright connections under cyclic loading." In Insights and Innovations in Structural Engineering, Mechanics and Computation, 1068–73. Taylor & Francis Group, 6000 Broken Sound Parkway NW, Suite 300, Boca Raton, FL 33487-2742: CRC Press, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/9781315641645-176.

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Nagy, Zsolt, and Annabella Sánduly. "Upright Base Connection Impact on Structural Design of Steel Storage Rack Systems in Seismic Zones." In Lecture Notes in Civil Engineering, 1124–32. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-03811-2_125.

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Huang, Z., X. Zhao, and K. S. Sivakumaran. "Experimental investigation of the rack-to-bracing joints between the high-rise steel storage rack frames and the independent bracing towers." In Current Perspectives and New Directions in Mechanics, Modelling and Design of Structural Systems, 1001–5. London: CRC Press, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/9781003348443-163.

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Conference papers on the topic "Steel storage racks"

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Johnson, David H., Robert J. Michael, Michael C. Pollino, Joseph D. Redovan, Eric E. Moser, and Blake A. Macdonald. "Development of a Seismic Isolation System for Commercial Storage Racks." In ASME 2012 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/imece2012-89112.

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This paper provides an overview of an analysis performed on a new base isolation system developed for seismic isolation of steel pallet storage racks. Pallet storage racks are often found in warehousing for material storage and are designed to store materials on pallets in horizontal rows with multiple levels which are accessed by forklift trucks. The new isolation system provides seismic isolation in the cross-aisle direction by incorporating heavily damped elastomeric bearings (referred to here as seismic mounts) and low-friction bearing plates. The objective of the base isolation system is to reduce horizontal accelerations of the rack to eliminate product shedding and structural damage during a major earthquake without interfering with normal, day-to-day material handling operations. The paper presents a summary of numerical results (transient structural, finite element analysis simulation) comparing storage rack response against actual tests performed on a triaxial shake table in the Structural Engineering and Earthquake Simulation Laboratory (SEESL) at the University at Buffalo (see Filiatrault[1] et al. 2008 for comprehensive test details). The simulation model was then used to determine a set of optimal seismic isolation parameters that satisfy the practical range of rack shelf loads and configurations that can be expected in typical warehouse and store installations.
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Adamakos, K., S. Avgerinou, and I. Vayas. "ESTIMATION OF THE BEHAVIOR FACTOR OF STEEL STORAGE PALLET RACKS." In 4th International Conference on Computational Methods in Structural Dynamics and Earthquake Engineering. Athens: Institute of Structural Analysis and Antiseismic Research School of Civil Engineering National Technical University of Athens (NTUA) Greece, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.7712/120113.4673.c1118.

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Baldassino, Nadia, Martina Bernardi, and Riccardo Zandonini. "An experimental investigation on base-plate joints of steel storage pallet racks." In IABSE Symposium, Prague 2022: Challenges for Existing and Oncoming Structures. Zurich, Switzerland: International Association for Bridge and Structural Engineering (IABSE), 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.2749/prague.2022.0594.

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<p>Adjustable storage pallet racks are framed structures commonly made of cold-formed steel profiles. The performance of these structures is strongly influenced by the beam-to-column and the base- plate joints behaviour. The key role of joints is even more significant in seismic loading conditions. The complexity of their non-linear and non-symmetric behaviour calls for their experimental characterisation both in monotonic and cyclic range. In recent years, attention has been paid to the study of beam-to-column joints, while the knowledge on the base-plate joints response is still quite limited. This gap is even more evident when the cross-aisle (transversal) direction and the cyclic range are considered. The research presented in this paper focuses on the monotonic and cyclic experimental response of a typical rack base-plate joint, tested both in down-aisle (longitudinal) and cross-aisle direction. The main features and outcomes of the study are presented and discussed.</p>
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Yun, Ling, Li Lei, Xue Rongjun, Qian Hao, Ge Honghui, and Shang Ziduan. "Fluid-Structure Interaction Numerical Analysis of the Spent Fuel Pool and Storage Racks Under Earthquake." In 2017 25th International Conference on Nuclear Engineering. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/icone25-67136.

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Spent fuel pool and storage racks are important nuclear security structures and components. In order to prevent it from structural failure, which includes the loss of the structural integrity of the spent fuel pool and stability of the spent fuel storage racks, also includes the possibility of fallen down of storage racks under seismic loading. Besides the necessary static analysis of structures, the influence of seismic loading on the interaction between water and structure should be fully considered, Especially concerned the analysis of the shaking effect of water sloshing on the storage racks, the displacement and the possibility of fallen down of the storage racks. The present paper is concerned with the problem of modeling the fluid-structure interaction (FSI) in filled liquid and filled with spent fuel pool. The study focuses on the sloshing phenomena and on the coupling computational fluid dynamic (CFD) analysis with the finite element stress analysis (FEA) code LS-DYNA. By the results of the response of seismic, such as the displacement of the storage racks, pressure exerted on the plate of racks and the walls of the pool. This paper also evaluates the seismic performance of the structure and the safety margin. Various numerical methods can be used for analysis of liquid storage pools, among these we mention explicit finite element, implicit Lagrangian-Eulerian, hybrid finite element, Smoothed Particle Hydrodynamics volume of fluid. In this article the coupled sloshing dynamics in a rectangle pool were studied using a model developed in LS-DYNA environment. The main solution methodology is based on explicit time integration. In order to demonstrate the FSI results of the FEA models of the spent fuel pool on seismic analysis, a 3D FEA models were developed. The Finite element model composed of the spent fuel pool (steel plate concrete), spent fuel storage racks, cushion block, water and air. Solid element modeling is used in concrete, cushion block, water and air. Steel plate and storage racks employ the shell element. The constitutive model of solid element is linear elastic. And the constitutive model of fluid element is described by the Gruneisen equation. Arbitrary Lagrangian-Eulerian (ALE) formulation is thought of as algorithms that perform automatic rezoning. It realized the advection of water and air in the ALE multi-material group.
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Oh, Jinho, Jeong-Soo Ryu, and Young-Ki Kim. "Structural Integrity Evaluation of Spent Fuel Storage Racks and Support Frame for a Research Reactor." In 2012 20th International Conference on Nuclear Engineering and the ASME 2012 Power Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/icone20-power2012-54146.

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The objective of this study is to design the spent fuel storage rack (SFSR) and their support frame as well as to evaluate the structural integrity of those during and after the seismic events. The main function of these racks is to store and protect the irradiated fuel assemblies generated during the operation of the research reactor. Their support frame is used for maintaining the structural stability of these racks. The SFSRs and their support frame are classified into safety class NNS and seismic category I according with ANSI 51.1 [1] and Regulatory Guide 1.29 [2]. The design of those has been performed according to the guideline of Regulatory Guide 1.13 [3] and IAEA safety standards DS 350 [4]. Specially, the pitch among storage cells should be decided from the criticality calculation with all postulated assumptions according to the NUREG 1537 [5] (Effective Neutron Multiplication Factor, keff < 0.9), conservatively. These racks are installed in their support frame having free standing type boundary conditions in the pool. Since the dynamic behavior of structures can be significantly affected by the water, the hydrodynamic effect is considered by using added mass. All materials of submerged racks and their support frame are made of austenitic stainless steel to prevent the corrosion. To evaluate the structural integrity of these racks and their support frame, the response spectrum analysis (RSA) and response time history analysis have been performed under the seismic loads of OBE (Operating Basis Earthquake) and SSE (Safe Shutdown Earthquake) by using ANSYS software. In addition, the possibility of impact between the side wall of the pool and the support frame is investigated by using a nonlinear time history analysis considering the structural nonlinearity such as the contact and the friction problem. The analysis results show that the maximum stress values of these racks and their support frame under the seismic loads are within the specified code limits. Since the sliding distance calculated from the nonlinear time history analysis is less than the gap, the impact does not occur. It is confirmed that those cannot be overturned but slide under an SSE event. Therefore, any damage on the structural integrity is not expected when those are installed and utilized in the pool.
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Tang, Gan, Peng Wang, Zhanjie Li, Lingfeng Yin, and Jianwei Fu. "A Simplified Computational Model for Beam-Type Steel Storage Racks Based on Modal and Seismic Analyses." In Proceedings of the 2018 7th International Conference on Sustainable Energy and Environment Engineering (ICSEEE 2018). Paris, France: Atlantis Press, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.2991/icseee-18.2019.96.

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Ebert, K., H. Königshofen, M. Osthoff, C. Verpoort, H. Poredda, U. Gebauer, G. Kissner, and H. Gedon. "Instandsetzung von verschleißgeschädigten Zylinderoberflächen durch Thermisches Spritzen (Repair of Damaged Cylinder Surfaces by Thermal Spraying)." In ITSC 1999, edited by E. Lugscheider and P. A. Kammer. Verlag für Schweißen und verwandte Verfahren DVS-Verlag GmbH, 1999. http://dx.doi.org/10.31399/asm.cp.itsc1999p0005.

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Abstract The German Army is using the Sikorsky helicopter Typ CH-53 G in the marine version, this means that the tail with the rear rotor can be folded sidewise in order to safe space during storage. During flight the fuselage is locked by two gear racks that slide in the bore hole of an aluminium housing. Due to the high friction during the movement of the steel racks the inner bore surface is damaged of up to 1 mm depth. In this paper the repair of this inner surface of the bore by arc-wire spraying is described. A special gun extension was developed so that the narrow bore (diameter 48 mm; length 400 mm) can be repaired. Preliminary test results with various materials are presented. Paper text in German.
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Bernuzzi, Claudio, and Marco Simoncelli. "Advanced seismic design for storage pallet rack steel frames." In INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE OF NUMERICAL ANALYSIS AND APPLIED MATHEMATICS ICNAAM 2020. AIP Publishing, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/5.0081415.

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9

Notohardjono, Budy, Richard Ecker, and Shawn Canfield. "Dynamics Modeling and Analysis of Riveted Mainframe Computer Structure." In ASME 2017 Pressure Vessels and Piping Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/pvp2017-65140.

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A typical mainframe computer rack is narrow, tall and long. In certain installations, during its functional operation, the server can be subjected to earthquake events. The rack is a steel structure joined together with steel rivets. One of the rack’s functions is to protect the critical components such as the processor, input-output and storage drawers from excessive motion by minimizing the amount of deflection. The riveted joints pose a challenge in accurately representing more than three thousand joints in a finite element (FE) model. In the FE model, bonding together sheet metal regions around the rivet joints will lead to a significantly stiffer model than the actual structure. On the other hand, an accurate representation of the riveted joints will lead to a better representation of the dynamic response of the server rack under vertical and horizontal loadings. This paper presents a method of analyzing rivet joints. The rivet joints are represented by beam elements with cylindrical cross-sections in the FE model. This is accomplished by identifying two parallel or overlapping plates and inserting discrete beam elements at the riveted joint. This method will be used to predict the dynamics modes of the structure. To validate the FE model, a prototype server rack was subjected to side to side vibration tests. A sine sweep vibration test identifies dominant mode shapes and the transmissibility of the input vibration. The results of the tests on the prototype rack serve as input for FE model refinement. The test data show that representing the riveted joints with beams does provide results that closely match the actual test data. A validated FE model will be used to evaluate dominant vibration modes for several configurations of rack weight as well as configurations to stiffen the structure in the side to side direction. The dynamic mode shapes visualize the effect of stiffening brackets on dominant frequencies of the rack. The optimal stiffening design will be the one that results in the minimum deflection under the standard testing profile.
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He, Xiaoming, Ziqiang Zhu, Changlei Shao, and Ran Huang. "Additive Manufacturing of Spent Fuel Storage Rack Model by Selective Laser Melting." In ASME 2018 Nuclear Forum collocated with the ASME 2018 Power Conference and the ASME 2018 12th International Conference on Energy Sustainability. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/nuclrf2018-7409.

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Additive Manufacturing (AM) can fabricate 3D complex functional parts, which can reduce material waste and increase manufacturing efficiency significantly. These benefits make AM technique suitable for some critical industry applications. Confident application of the AM technique requires whole understanding of AM parts’ properties. Safety and economics are essential to nuclear power plant. In this study, an innovative 316L stainless steel spent fuel storage rack with integrative structure was designed, and a small model of this rack was fabricated by selective laser melting (SLM), mechanical properties of the 316L stainless steel manufactured by SLM technique are studied and discussed. Key technical issues of application of AM to manufacturing nuclear parts are also discussed.
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Reports on the topic "Steel storage racks"

1

Kessinger, G. F. Decontamination of FAST (CPP-666) fuel storage area stainless steel fuel storage racks. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), October 1993. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/142496.

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2

DEVELOPMENT AND APPLICATION OF A MECHANICAL MODEL OF BEAM-TO-COLUMN CONNECTIONS OF STEEL STORAGE RACKS. The Hong Kong Institute of Steel Construction, September 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.18057/ijasc.2019.15.3.10.

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