Journal articles: 'Steel Railway Bridge'

1

Vičan, Josef, Jozef Gocál, Jaroslav Odrobiňák, and Peter Koteš. "Existing Steel Railway Bridges Evaluation." Civil and Environmental Engineering 12, no. 2 (December 1, 2016): 103–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/cee-2016-0014.

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Abstract The article describes general principles and basis of evaluation of existing railway bridges based on the concept of load-carrying capacity determination. Compared to the design of a new bridge, the modified reliability level for existing bridges evaluation should be considered due to implementation of the additional data related to bridge condition and behaviour obtained from regular inspections. Based on those data respecting the bridge remaining lifetime, a modification of partial safety factors for actions and materials could be respected in the bridge evaluation process. A great attention is also paid to the specific problems of determination of load-caring capacity of steel railway bridges in service. Recommendation for global analysis and methodology for existing steel bridge superstructure load-carrying capacity determination are described too.

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Luo, Ru Deng, Mei Xin Ye, and Ye Zhi Zhang. "Study on Influences of Thickness of Flange of U Rib on Mechanical Behaviors of Orthotropic Monolithic Steel Bridge Deck System." Advanced Materials Research 163-167 (December 2010): 122–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.163-167.122.

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Orthotropic monolithic steel bridge deck system stiffened by U rib is very fit for high-speed railway steel bridges because of its excellent mechanical behaviors. Thickness of flange is a very important parameter of U rib and has influence on mechanical behaviors of orthotropic monolithic steel bridge deck system. Based on the engineering practice of Anqing Yangtze River Railway Grand Bridge, the kind and the extents of influences of thickness of flange of U rib on mechanical behaviors of orthotropic monolithic steel bridge deck system are studied with finite element analysis. The results show that thickness of flange of U rib has relative large positive influences on rigidity, strength and stability of orthotropic monolithic steel bridge deck system. 14~18mm is the appropriate range of thickness of flange of U rib for high-speed railway steel bridges.

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Braschler, Brigitte, Claudine Dolt, and Bruno Baur. "The Function of A Set-Aside Railway Bridge in Connecting Urban Habitats for Animals: A Case Study." Sustainability 12, no. 3 (February 7, 2020): 1194. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su12031194.

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As elements of green infrastructure, railway embankments are important corridors in urban environments connecting otherwise isolated habitat fragments. They are interrupted when railways cross major roads. It is not known whether dispersing animals use railway bridges to cross roads. We examined the function of a set-aside iron-steel railway bridge crossing a 12 m wide road with high traffic density in Basel (Switzerland) for dispersing animals. We installed drift fences with traps on a single-track, 32 m long and 6 m wide railway bridge with a simple gravel bed, and collected animals daily for 9 months. We captured more than 1200 animals crossing the bridge: small mammals, reptiles and amphibians as well as numerous invertebrates including snails, woodlice, spiders, harvestmen, millipedes, carabids, rove beetles and ants. For some animals it is likely that the gravel bed, at least temporarily, serves as a habitat. Many animals, however, were apparently dispersing, using the bridge to cross the busy road. We found season- and daytime-dependent differences in the frequency the bridge was used. Our findings indicate an important function of a set-aside railway bridges for connecting urban habitats. As most animal dispersal was recorded during the night, railway bridges with no (or little) traffic during the night may also contribute to animal dispersal. As important elements of green infrastructure, set-aside railway bridges should be considered in future urban planning.

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Viswanatj, Kandagatla, and M. Ravi Kumar. "Fatigue Analysis of a Railway Steel Bridge." International Journal of Engineering & Technology 7, no. 3.12 (July 20, 2018): 1098. http://dx.doi.org/10.14419/ijet.v7i3.12.17769.

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One of the significant means of transportation in India are railways and has many steel bridges which are very old having historical importance and their design period is terminating. To appraisal, the levels of damage for workable repairs, stands a tedious job for government authorities. The prediction of fatigue life of bridges are important because at present these are subjected to elephantine loads than the design loads and the environmental conditions boost these aspects to turn up fatigue life. This paper studies the analytical analysis of a steel railway bridge subjected to EURO and INDIAN fatigue loading to evaluate the fatigue life of a bridge and stresses are calculated from S-N curves by nominal stress method. The fatigue verification has been done by λ-coefficient method. Fatigue life of critical section was found out by sub-modelling the welded joint where the stress are maximum. The crack initiation starts at powerless members and propagates it along the section leads to fracture the entire structure under elastic behaviour. Hence, if the results of the critical section are satisfactory, it can be concluded that entire bridge is safe in fatigue point of view. INDIAN HM loadings generate more damage than EURO LM-71 loading.

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Li, Wen Ping, Shu Li Chen, and Mu Biao Su. "Lateral Vibration Research for Railway Deck Steel Plate Bridges." Advanced Materials Research 243-249 (May 2011): 1646–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.243-249.1646.

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In this paper, the vehicle-bridge lateral vibration mechanism was analyzed; the vehicle-bridge vibration model was built and the lateral reinforcement schemes of open steel plate bridges were designed. Numbers of analysis were carried out for the lateral vibration of 40m deck steel plate bridges before and after reinforcement, under input of random artificial hunting waves and track irregularity. The results showed that, the frequency of hunting motion is approaching loaded frequency of the girder. The larger lateral amplitude appears on the bridge when the hunting wavelength is around 8~9m and the velocity of the train is around 55~70km/h. The wavelength is longer, the resonant velocity of the bridge is higher.

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Liu, Jia, Run Chang Zhang, Li Jiang, Zhong Shan He, and Dong Mei Tan. "Research on Vibration Responses of Railway Steel Bridge Considering Welding Residual Stress." Applied Mechanics and Materials 397-400 (September 2013): 374–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.397-400.374.

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Vibration responses of railway steel bridge considering welding residual stress have been researched. Based on the reasonable heat source model matching the electrical arc welding, the welding residual stress in welding joints of steel bridge has been simulated. Meanwhile, it has been superimposing with the gravity stress and the actual measured dynamical stress of railway steel bridge. Then, acting all actions to the accurate finite element model, the vibration responses of railway steel bridge considering welding residual stress can be analyzed, and the conclusion that the residual stress has a significant contribution to the vibration dynamical stress in welding joints district of railway steel bridge has been obtained.

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Sala, Damian, P. Pawłowski, Przemysław Kołakowski, Andrzej Świercz, and Krzysztof Sekuła. "Monimost - Integrated SHM System for Railway Truss Bridges." Key Engineering Materials 518 (July 2012): 211–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.518.211.

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A railway bridge has been the object of investigation since mid 2007 as a response to increasing interest in structural health monitoring (SHM) from Polish Railways. It is a typical 40 m long, steel truss structure spanning a channel in Nieporet near Warsaw. There is over 1500 similar bridges in the railway network in Poland. The integrated system consists of two components weigh in motion (WIM) part for identification of train load and SHM part for assessing the state of the bridge. Two aspects of wireless transmission are considered short range (in the vicinity of the bridge, 2.4GHz) and far range (from the bridge to the data analysis center, GSM). The system is designed to be energetically self-sufficient, batteries are recharged by solar panels. Both the subsystems use piezoelectric strain sensors. Numerical model of the bridge corresponds well to the experimental data and provides a good starting point for considering different scenarios of simulated damage in the structure.

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8

Bizjak, Karmen Fifer, Aljoša Šajna, Katja Slanc, and Friderik Knez. "Environmental life cycle assessment of railway bridge materials using UHPFRC." Materials and Geoenvironment 63, no. 4 (October 1, 2016): 183–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/rmzmag-2016-0017.

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AbstractThe railway infrastructure is a very important component of the world’s total transportation network. Investment in its construction and maintenance is significant on a global scale. Previously published life cycle assessment (LCA) studies performed on road and rail systems very seldom included infrastructures in detail, mainly choosing to focus on vehicle manufacturing and fuel consumption. This article presents results from an environmental study for railway steel bridge materials for the demonstration case of the Buna Bridge in Croatia. The goal of these analyses was to compare two different types of remediation works for railway bridges with different materials and construction types. In the first part, the environmental impact of the classical concrete bridge construction was calculated, whereas in the second one, an alternative new solution, namely, the strengthening of the old steel bridge with ultra-high-performance fibre-reinforced concrete (UHPFRC) deck, was studied. The results of the LCA show that the new solution with UHPFRC deck gives much better environmental performance. Up to now, results of LCA of railway open lines, railway bridges and tunnels have been published, but detailed analyses of the new solution with UHPFRC deck above the old bridge have not previously been performed.

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9

Gawronek, Pelagia, Maria Makuch, Bartosz Mitka, and Tadeusz Gargula. "Measurements of the Vertical Displacements of a Railway Bridge Using TLS Technology in the Context of the Upgrade of the Polish Railway Transport." Sensors 19, no. 19 (October 2, 2019): 4275. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s19194275.

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The railway system in Poland is undergoing technological transformation. The development of the Polish railway system concerns not only high-speed trains but also infrastructure. The steel bridge is the most popular type of railway bridge in Poland. Most of them were built in the 1950s and 1960s. According to the recommendations in place in Western Europe, such railway bridges should be reviewed in terms of their fitness for use with modern high-speed trains. The modern technological revolution affects not only the railway, but also developments in displacement and deformation measurement techniques. New technologies provide more objective measurement results and accelerate results processing. They also facilitate the non-contact measurement of bridge structure stability. The authors investigated the vertical displacement of an old steel railway bridge in three different, specific case studies of terrestrial laser scanning data application. Then, the results of 3D data were compared with traditional land surveying results. The scientific results led to a conclusion that a strictly determined methodology of the measurement and analysis of a terrestrial laser scanner results supported by traditional land surveying techniques facilitates the determination of the vertical displacement of bridges with acceptable accuracy.

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10

Yılmaz, Mehmet Fatih, Barlas Özden Çağlayan, and Kadir Özakgül. "Seismic assessment of a curved multi-span simply supported truss steel railway bridge." Challenge Journal of Structural Mechanics 4, no. 1 (March 3, 2018): 13. http://dx.doi.org/10.20528/cjsmec.2018.01.003.

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Fragility curve is an effective method to determine the seismic performance of a structural and nonstructural member. Fragility curves are derived for Highway Bridges for many studies. In Turkish railway lines, there are lots of historic bridges, and it is obvious that in order to sustain the safety of the railway lines, earthquake performance of these bridges needs to be determined. In this study, a multi-span steel truss railway bridge with a span length of 25.7m is considered. Main steel truss girders are supported on the abutments and 6 masonry piers. Also, the bridge has a 300m curve radius. Sap 2000 finite element software is used to model the 3D nonlinear modeling of the bridge. Finite element model is updating according to field test recordings. 60 real earthquake data selected from three different soil conditions are considered to determine the seismic performance of the bridge. Nonlinear time history analysis is conducted, and maximum displacements are recorded. Probabilistic seismic demand model (PSDMs) is used to determine the relationship between the Engineering Demand Parameter (EDP) and Intensity Measure (IMs). Fragility curve of the bridge is derived by considering the serviceability limit state, and results are discussed in detail.

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11

Leander, John, Andreas Andersson, and Raid Karoumi. "Enhanced Assessment of the Remaining Service Life of a Steel Railway Bridge." Key Engineering Materials 413-414 (June 2009): 245–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.413-414.245.

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During annual inspections of one of Sweden’s most important railway bridges, the Söderström Bridge in central Stockholm, cracks in the web of the main steel beams have been discovered. Extensive theoretical work has been undertaken to assess the remaining service life of the bridge. Furthermore, the bridge has recently been instrumented to enhance the theoretical predictions by monitoring the real railway traffic as well as the response of the bridge. This article describes the monitoring program and the analysis methods used. Some interesting results regarding the remaining fatigue life are presented.

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12

Ju, Ao Tian, Shu Ying Qu, Xing Min Hou, and Jin Tian Wang. "Dynamic Analysis of Steel Tube and Concrete-Filled Steel Tube High-Limit Protection Racks under Impact Loads." Advanced Materials Research 194-196 (February 2011): 1924–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.194-196.1924.

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The purpose of high-limit protection rack under railway bridge is to protect railway bridge, and avoid passing vehicles under railway bridge colliding bridge. The paper discusses dynamic response and energy transfer of two different structures by analyzing the internal force, deformation, displacement and energy transfer of the steel tube and concrete-filled steel tube protection racks in collision. The result shows that the displacement of concrete-filled steel tube protection rack is smaller, and it can bear larger impact force and have good effect of energy absorption.

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13

Zimmermann, Welf, and Stefan Kuss. "New Composite Construction Method with STEEL/UHPFRC Constructing Railway Bridges." Solid State Phenomena 292 (June 2019): 242–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/ssp.292.242.

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In Austria last years sequenced according modern technology successfully bridges were made from UHPC or UHPFRC [1], [2], [3]. A couple of well-done examples of these bridges I presented on the occasion of Prof. Sparowitz birthday publication in 2017 [2]. Recently in Austria another example of a railway bridge consisting innovative material UHPFRC - created as a composite construction - was projected by ZKP ZT GmbH by order of Austrian Railway Company ÖBB. Innovative and new is the application of Ultra-High Performance Concrete in combination with Steel S355J2+N creating a composite action in highest utilization of both material strengths and auxiliary connected with a steel panel. Construction work was done from March to September 2017, the bridge was finished in October 2017 in single railway track Lavanttalbahn near city Wolfsberg in Carinthia.

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14

Janas, Lucjan. "The acoustic specificity of steel-railway bridges." Transportation Overview - Przeglad Komunikacyjny 2017, no. 9 (September 1, 2017): 38–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.35117/a_eng_17_09_05.

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In the paper, the acoustic effects in the vicinity of four railway bridges have been studied. One of the objects has a track fastened directly to the steel deck plate, another has a deck in the form of an open grillage. The other two objects have a track situated on the ballast and various types of girders. The influence of the bridge on the level of acoustic pressure in the neighborhood of railway roads has been analyzed. General recommendations for the design of silent bridges were discussed.

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15

Bojović, A., A. Mora Muñoz, Z. Marković, and N. Novaković. "Network arches over the Danube – Railway Road Bridge in Novi Sad/Netzwerkbögen über die Donau – Eisenbahn-Straßenbrücke in Novi Sad." Bauingenieur 93, no. 03 (2018): 110–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.37544/0005-6650-2018-03-46.

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The Railway road bridge in Novi Sad (Serbia) is situated on the international railroad line No 2 (Belgrade-Budapest) and designed for two railway tracks (160 km/h), two road lanes and two footpaths. The bridge structure consists of four structures: two approach composite bridges at the banks and two steel tied network arch bridges over the river. The spans are 27,0 m + 177,0 m + 3,0 m + 219,0 m + 48,0 m, totally 474,0 m in length. The rises of arches are 34,0 m and 42,0 m respectively. The width of the bridge is 31,5 m. The arches and ties, as well as the girders of the approach spans, are steel box girders. The decks of all bridge structures are the composite reinforced concrete slabs with thickness of 300 mm, locally 400 mm. The launching itself was very complex and unique, in both analysis and construction. The arch bridges were fully assembled on the banks and launched by skids over the bank and by pontoons over the river, to the final position on piers. The bridge is, despite of heavy loads and structural complexity, very rational in steel volumes and construction costs as well.

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Bujňák, Ján, Jozef Gocál, and Richard Hlinka. "Assessment of Railway Steel Bridge Structures." Procedia Engineering 156 (2016): 75–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.proeng.2016.08.270.

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17

Shi, Yongji, Tingheng Zhao, and Qihong Ye. "Sunkou Steel Truss Railway Bridge, China." Structural Engineering International 7, no. 3 (August 1997): 160–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.2749/101686697780494671.

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Vican, Josef, Jaroslav Odrobinak, and Peter Kotes. "Determination of Load-Carrying Capacity of Railway Steel and Concrete Composite Bridges." Key Engineering Materials 691 (May 2016): 172–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.691.172.

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In the frame of global European standardization and in consequence of new knowledge related to existing bridges, the need for revision of the service handbook "Determination of load-carrying capacity of railway bridges" grown up. The paper presents general concepts and basic assumptions for determining the railway bridge load-carrying capacity. In contrast to design of a new bridge, additional data related to existing bridge condition and behavior like information from regular inspections and real state of degradation can be taken into account. Based on these data together with the remaining lifetime, a modification of reliability levels for existing bridges based on the mathematic theory of probability can be adopted in the evaluation process. Special attention is also paid to the specific features of determination of load caring capacity of steel-concrete composite bridges in exploitation. Recommendation and allowances for global analysis of existing composite steel and concrete superstructures for the purpose of the load-carrying capacity estimation are discussed as well.

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Huang, Qihuan, Yian Wang, Guido Luzi, Michele Crosetto, Oriol Monserrat, Jianfeng Jiang, Hanwei Zhao, and Youliang Ding. "Ground-Based Radar Interferometry for Monitoring the Dynamic Performance of a Multitrack Steel Truss High-Speed Railway Bridge." Remote Sensing 12, no. 16 (August 12, 2020): 2594. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/rs12162594.

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With the continuous expansion of the high-speed railway network in China, long-span railway bridges carrying multiple tracks demand reliable and fast testing procedures and techniques. Bridge dynamic behavior analysis is a critical process in ensuring safe operation of structures. In this study, we present some experimental results of the vibration monitoring of a four-track high-speed railway bridge with a metro–track on each side: the Nanjing–Dashengguan high-speed railway bridge (NDHRB). The results were obtained using a terrestrial microwave radar interferometer named IBIS-S. The radar measurements were interpreted with the support of lidar point clouds. The results of the bridge dynamic response under different loading conditions, including high-speed trains, metro and wind were compared with the existing bridge structure health monitoring (SHM) system, underlining the high spatial (0.5 m) and temporal resolutions (50 Hz–200 Hz) of this technique for railway bridge dynamic monitoring. The detailed results can help engineers capturing the maximum train-induced bridge displacement. The bridge was also monitored by the radar from a lateral position with respect to the bridge longitudinal direction. This allowed us to have a more exhaustive description of the bridge dynamic behavior. The different effects induced by the passage of trains through different tracks and directions were distinguished. In addition, the space deformation map of the wide bridge deck under the eccentric load of trains, especially along the lateral direction (30 m), can help evaluating the running stability of high-speed trains.

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Igwemezie, Jude O., M. Saeed mirza, and J. F. Scott. "Field test of an open deck railway bridge with concrete ties." Canadian Journal of Civil Engineering 16, no. 4 (August 1, 1989): 417–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/l89-071.

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Prestressed concrete ties offer an alternative to the timber ties which are used presently on North American open deck railway bridges. This paper presents the results of a field study of an open deck railway bridge equipped with precast prestressed concrete ties subjected to a special work train and regular railway traffic. The results of the study show that a train with smooth wheels does not overload the bridge deck. When wheel defects are present, the bridge deck loading is speed-dependent and consists of distinct static and dynamic components. Test results show that the tie design loads are underestimated. The impact on the bridge deck due to the defective wheels was also found not to amplify the response of the bridge longitudinal steel girders. Key words: bearing pads, impact load, railway bridge, load distribution, dynamic load factor, open deck, precast prestressed concrete, ties, wheels.

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Jin, B., D. Liu, and CK Zhu. "Experimental study on bridge vibration test." Journal of Physics: Conference Series 2158, no. 1 (January 1, 2022): 012016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/2158/1/012016.

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Abstract Taking Chaihe bridge in Tieling City and Songhuajiang railway bridge on Binbei line as examples, the vibration test is carried out by using the environmental excitation method. By testing and comparing the first three typical vibration modes of the two bridges, and the experimental research shows that: A. compared with Concrete-Filled Steel Tubular Bridge, truss bridge has higher stiffness. B. The span and height of truss bridge can be higher and farther than that of Concrete-Filled Steel Tubular Bridge; C. Truss bridge is more convenient in testing, maintenance and health monitoring, and has good performance and stability.

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Selejdak, Jacek, Mariusz Urbański, and Marek Winiarski. "Assessment of a steel bridge corrosion degree." E3S Web of Conferences 49 (2018): 00098. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/20184900098.

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The subject of this analysis is connected with the verification of the load capacity of the span structure taking into account the degree of corrosion of the railway viaduct components located at 41.446 km, on the railway line no. 301 of "Kotlarnia" SA Sand Mine built over the national road DK88 and railway tracks PKP-PLK near T. Kościuszki street in Zabrze The general condition of the structure with regard to the corrosion assessment of structural steel is presented in the paper. Static and strength calculations were carried out to determine the load capacity class, and as a result of the analysis it was found that the technical condition of the facility steel girders is suitable for repair.

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Lee, Hyoseong, and Jaehong Oh. "3D Displacement Measurement of Railway Bridge According to Cyclic Loads of Different Types of Railcars with Sequential Photogrammetry." Applied Sciences 13, no. 3 (January 19, 2023): 1359. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app13031359.

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In the early days of railroads in Korea, railway bridges were constructed as steel plate-girder structures, which are vulnerable to vibration and torsion. Many of these bridges have since been replaced with concrete-slab structures, which have high stability. Nevertheless, steel railway bridges still remain all over the country, and a lot of manpower and cost is being invested in the maintenance and repair of such bridges. Moreover, there have not been experimental analyses aiming to measure the cyclic loads that occur when a train enters. To ensure bridge safety, it is necessary to periodically inspect deformations. To this end, the present study proposed a sequential photogrammetric technique for measuring the deformation of a steel railway bridge for three types of railcars. Sequential stereo images of the bridge with multiple feature points are obtained using sequential photographing cameras, to determine the ground coordinates of each point as a function of time based on the space intersection from the relative orientation with coplanarity and the scale adjustment. All of these processes are performed through automated techniques using only the cameras and the targets. With this setup, the 3-dimensional dynamic motions of the bridge due to the cyclic loading of trains could be measured. In addition, the displacements by the proposed method were compared to those obtained with the 3D Laser tracker. The horizontal displacements errors did not exceed 0.5 mm and the vertical error was within 2.3 mm in root mean square error (RMSE) at camera-to-object distances of about 9 m.

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Li, Huile, and Gang Wu. "Fatigue Evaluation of Steel Bridge Details Integrating Multi-Scale Dynamic Analysis of Coupled Train-Track-Bridge System and Fracture Mechanics." Applied Sciences 10, no. 9 (May 7, 2020): 3261. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app10093261.

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Increased running speed and axle weight in the transportation network lead to significant dynamic interactions between the vehicles and bridges. It is essential to capture these interactions in fatigue analysis of steel bridges. This paper presents a framework for fatigue evaluation of critical steel bridge details through multi-scale dynamic analysis of the train-track-bridge system and linear elastic fracture mechanics. The multi-scale coupled dynamic analysis allows accurate and efficient computation of fatigue stresses produced by the moving trains in structural details based on a vehicle-bridge analysis model composed of a 3D vehicle model, multi-scale bridge finite element model including the track system, and a wheel–rail interaction model. Field data from an existing steel-truss railway bridge are used to validate the multi-scale analysis method. Enhanced fatigue evaluation of the bridge detail is performed using the computed fatigue load effects and linear elastic fracture mechanics. The effects of the track irregularity and operating train speed on fatigue crack propagation life are investigated. The presented framework is general and can be applied to other types of steel bridges such as the steel-box girder bridge with orthotropic decks.

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Sun, Zhi Jie, and Yong Qian Liu. "Existing Railway Steel Truss Bridge Static Experimental Analysis Based on Full-Bridge-Model." Applied Mechanics and Materials 405-408 (September 2013): 1500–1503. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.405-408.1500.

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Combine the specific bridge, an analytical on the bridges static performance studied through the finite element model analysis and field test method. Summary and analyze the displacement and stress variation law of the main truss, longitudinal beams and beams which the bolt and weld superstructure steel truss bridges are effected by static loads, and compared field test results with theory value. Application practice proves that the evaluation standard and inspection of steel truss bridge is appropriate.

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Bos, J. A., J. Bijl, B. H. Hesselink, and H. H. Snijder. "Steel railway bridge design in The Netherlands." Journal of Constructional Steel Research 46, no. 1-3 (April 1998): 52–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0143-974x(98)00023-6.

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27

Van Bogaert, Philippe. "Steel Tied Arch Railway Bridge, Louvain, Belgium." Structural Engineering International 13, no. 1 (February 2003): 22–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.2749/101686603777964946.

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Åkesson, Björn, Bo Edlund, and Dafeng Shen. "Fatigue Cracking in a Steel Railway Bridge." Structural Engineering International 7, no. 2 (May 1997): 118–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.2749/101686697780494996.

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29

Liu, Zhong, and Eugene German. "Structural Rehabilitation of a Steel Railway Bridge." IABSE Symposium Report 87, no. 11 (January 1, 2003): 17–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.2749/222137803796328881.

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30

Youliang, Ding, and Wang Gaoxin. "Evaluation of Dynamic Load Factors for a High-Speed Railway Truss Arch Bridge." Shock and Vibration 2016 (2016): 1–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2016/5310769.

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Studies on dynamic impact of high-speed trains on long-span bridges are important for the design and evaluation of high-speed railway bridges. The use of the dynamic load factor (DLF) to account for the impact effect has been widely accepted in bridge engineering. Although the field monitoring studies are the most dependable way to study the actual DLF of the bridge, according to previous studies there are few field monitoring data on high-speed railway truss arch bridges. This paper presents an evaluation of DLF based on field monitoring and finite element simulation of Nanjing DaShengGuan Bridge, which is a high-speed railway truss arch bridge with the longest span throughout the world. The DLFs in different members of steel truss arch are measured using monitoring data and simulated using finite element model, respectively. The effects of lane position, number of train carriages, and speed of trains on DLF are further investigated. By using the accumulative probability function of the Generalized Extreme Value Distribution, the probability distribution model of DLF is proposed, based on which the standard value of DLF within 50-year return period is evaluated and compared with different bridge design codes.

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Li, Wen Ping, Jian Ying Ren, and Mu Biao Su. "Transverse Vibration Research for Railway Deck Steel Plate Bridges before and after Reinforcement." Advanced Materials Research 255-260 (May 2011): 1285–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.255-260.1285.

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In this paper, the vehicle-bridge transverse vibration mechanism was analyzed; the vehicle-bridge vibration model was built and the transverse reinforcement schemes of open steel plate bridges were designed. Numbers of analysis were carried out for the transverse vibration of 40m deck steel plate bridges before and after reinforced, under input of random artificial hunting waves and track irregularity. The results show that when the hunting wavelength is 8.5m and the velocity of the train is around 50.4~75.6, the transverse amplitudes decrease differently after reinforcement. The effectiveness of various reinforcement types is evaluated by using the computer simulation programs.

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Svendsen, Bjørn T., Gunnstein T. Frøseth, and Anders Rönnquist. "Damage Detection Applied to a Full-Scale Steel Bridge Using Temporal Moments." Shock and Vibration 2020 (February 27, 2020): 1–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2020/3083752.

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The most common damages in existing highway and railway steel bridges are related to fatigue and are, as reported in the literature, found in the structural system of the bridge deck. This paper proposes a methodology for detecting damaged joint connections in existing steel bridges to improve the quality of bridge inspections. The methodology combines the use of temporal moments from response measurements with an appropriate instrumentation setup. Damaged joint connections are identified by comparing statistical parameters based on temporal moments to a baseline, where the baseline data are established from statistical parameters evaluated for all considered joint connections. Localization of damaged joint connections is performed by utilizing the instrumentation setup. The feasibility of the proposed methodology is demonstrated through an experimental study on a full-scale steel riveted truss bridge with two known damages below the bridge deck, where both damages are identified and localized. The proposed methodology can improve the identification of critical structural damage during bridge inspections and is applicable to open-deck steel bridges.

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Matsuoka, Kodai, Fumiaki Uehan, Hiroya Kusaka, and Hikaru Tomonaga. "Experimental Validation of Non-Marker Simple Image Displacement Measurements for Railway Bridges." Applied Sciences 11, no. 15 (July 30, 2021): 7032. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app11157032.

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Simple bridge displacement measurement using a video camera is effective in realizing the efficient management of numerous railway structures via condition-based maintenance. Although non-marker image measurement is significantly influenced by the measuring environment, its practical applicability considering the displacement measurement accuracy of non-marker images and the influence of various environments is not completely understood. In this study, the accuracy of non-marker image displacement measurement and the influence of illuminance are confirmed using a model bridge, and the accuracy and applicable range are discussed. Moreover, field tests on two bridges—a steel and a concrete bridge—on low-speed and high-speed railways confirm the accuracy and practical application of non-marker image measurement in a real environment. The displacement was observed to be measured with an accuracy of ~1/30 pixel (error of ~0.4 mm at 20 m position) in the daytime with sufficient brightness. Moreover, the settings for subset positions and post-processing methods to ensure accuracy in non-marker image measurement on concrete bridges with low surface contrast are discussed.

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Li, Yun Sheng, Yang Tian, and Yan Ling Zhang. "Local Stress Analysis of Orthotropic Steel Bridge Decks in High-Speed Railway." Advanced Materials Research 243-249 (May 2011): 1659–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.243-249.1659.

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Orthotropic decks are commonly used in high-speed railway bridges. Finite-element model is established by ANSYS for orthotropic steel bridge deck in this paper. Taking the standard PDL ZK live load as the train load, the local stress of the rib-to-deck joint, the rib-to-crossbeam joint, and the cut-outs of the crossbeam are analyzed respectively. Analysis results show that the stress concentration of bridge deck mainly appears at the intersecting part of the U-shaped rib, crossbeam, and bridge deck. In the whole bridge deck, the local stress level of the cut-outs in crossbeam is almost the highest, and the cut-outs is distorted seriously; the maximum stress of crossbeam cut-outs is mainly concentrated at the lower arc of the cut-outs, which is one of the positions prone to fatigue failure.

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Rakoczy, Anna M., Duane E. Otter, and Stephen M. Dick. "Analytical and Measured Effects of Short and Heavy Rail Cars on Railway Bridges in the USA." Applied Sciences 11, no. 7 (April 1, 2021): 3126. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app11073126.

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The overall number of railcars recorded in the North American railcar fleet from 2010 to 2015 increased about 5%; the number of all 130 tonne (286,000 lb) gross weight railcars (heavy axle load (HAL) railcars) increased 19%. The increase in shipments in short railcars increases the loading on railway bridges, especially the 12.8-m railcars, commonly used to ship sand and cement, which is approximately a 25% increase in load per unit length compared to 16.2-m coal cars. Significant differences between maximum effects of shorter railcars and common 16.2-m railcars were predicted in analysis for bridge spans longer than 18.3 m. The differences were more prominent on spans 24.4 m and longer. This study presents analytical and measured effects of freight railcars on a two-span truss bridge, with spans of 61 m and 33.5 m, and a 35-m riveted steel deck plate girder (DPG) bridge. The investigation confirmed that short railcars cause higher load effects on main bridge components: the 35-m riveted steel DPG has 28% higher stresses at mid-span, while in the truss, the difference in stresses depends on the location of the member and ranges from 15 to 35%.

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Vagnoli, Matteo, Rasa Remenyte-Prescott, and John Andrews. "Railway bridge structural health monitoring and fault detection: State-of-the-art methods and future challenges." Structural Health Monitoring 17, no. 4 (August 24, 2017): 971–1007. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1475921717721137.

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Railway importance in the transportation industry is increasing continuously, due to the growing demand of both passenger travel and transportation of goods. However, more than 35% of the 300,000 railway bridges across Europe are over 100-years old, and their reliability directly impacts the reliability of the railway network. This increased demand may lead to higher risk associated with their unexpected failures, resulting safety hazards to passengers and increased whole life cycle cost of the asset. Consequently, one of the most important aspects of evaluation of the reliability of the overall railway transport system is bridge structural health monitoring, which can monitor the health state of the bridge by allowing an early detection of failures. Therefore, a fast, safe and cost-effective recovery of the optimal health state of the bridge, where the levels of element degradation or failure are maintained efficiently, can be achieved. In this article, after an introduction to the desired features of structural health monitoring, a review of the most commonly adopted bridge fault detection methods is presented. Mainly, the analysis focuses on model-based finite element updating strategies, non-model-based (data-driven) fault detection methods, such as artificial neural network, and Bayesian belief network–based structural health monitoring methods. A comparative study, which aims to discuss and compare the performance of the reviewed types of structural health monitoring methods, is then presented by analysing a short-span steel structure of a railway bridge. Opportunities and future challenges of the fault detection methods of railway bridges are highlighted.

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Stančík, Vojtěch, Pavel Ryjáček, and Miroslav Vokáč. "Thermal and load rate-dependent interaction between embedded rail system and bridge." Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part F: Journal of Rail and Rapid Transit 233, no. 3 (August 30, 2018): 326–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0954409718795092.

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Recent developments in the technology of a modern embedded rail system grant many new possibilities for improving the railway infrastructure. An embedded rail system significantly reduces noise and the dynamical impact affecting both the infrastructure and the rolling stock itself. An embedded rail system may be used for constructing any type of railway infrastructure including high-speed railways. Its attributes are also suitable for modernization of the current steel railway bridges or constructing new structures, where slender bridge decks are required. However, in a railway track equipped with an embedded rail system, stress increments rise due to its restricted expansion movement. This effect is naturally higher when the embedded rail system is placed on a bridge, because of their different deformation possibilities. For a wider use of embedded rail system, examining the interaction behavior between the embedded rail system and the substructure is a matter of essential importance. Furthermore, the nonlinear character of embedded rail system polymer-based components needs to be considered when examining their interaction behavior. Therefore, this paper aims at investigating the nonlinear coupling functions of an embedded rail system under the effects of temperature and load rate. For this purpose, a comprehensive analysis consisting of laboratory experiments, material tests of the embedded rail system components and subsequent numerical validation was performed. Results are concluded in the paper.

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Bladyniec, T. "The History of the Railway Bridges by the Citadel in Warsaw." Archives of Civil Engineering 65, no. 1 (March 1, 2019): 157–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/ace-2019-0011.

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AbstractIn 1875 a steel railway bridge was built in northern Warsaw. It had seven spans of 66.22 m and two spans of 15.24 m. In 1908 the second railway bridge was built downstream of the older one. The spacing of supports and spans were the same as in the older bridge. During World War I, both bridges were blown up and then rebuilt, first temporarily and then permanently. Again both were blown up in 1944. In 1945, a temporary crossing was built. In 1947 a permanent bridge was rebuilt, partially replacing rivets with welding. On the pillars of the older bridge, the Gdański Bridge was built (not in this study). In 1963 welded connections were strengthened, in 1980 the structure of the northern track was replaced. In 2016, the northern track was renovated. The replacement of the structure of the southern track is ongoing since 2018.

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Maleska, Tomasz, and Damian Beben. "The effect of mine induced tremors on seismic response of soil-steel bridges." MATEC Web of Conferences 174 (2018): 04002. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/matecconf/201817404002.

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Rockburst are similar phenomena like low intensity natural earthquake. They can be observed in Upper and Lower Silesia regions. Analyses of soil-steel bridges under seismic excitation are so far limited. The rockburst is related to the mining exploitation. The influence of rockburst on the soil-steel bridges should be investigated, because this ground motions differ with many respects from natural earthquakes. The span of soil-steel bridges is typically range from 3 to 25 m, so they can be used as an effectives alternative for a short-span bridges. The soil-steel bridges can meet the design and safety requirements similar to traditional bridges, at lower costs. For these reasons, soil-steel bridges are more frequently used in road and railway projects in many parts of the World. This paper presents results of numerical study of soil-steel bridge under rockburst induced ground excitations. Response characteristic axial of the soil-steel bridge caused by rockburts are analysed in detail. The obtained results are compared with the ones computed under El Centro using the seismic benchmark record.

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Li, Zi Lin, Hong Yi Ding, Yi Du, and Jiang Xue. "The Corrosion Prevention Research of Long-Span Non-Uniform Continuous Steel Bridges." Applied Mechanics and Materials 361-363 (August 2013): 1129–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.361-363.1129.

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As its good mechanical properties, steel bridge has been widely used in modern highway, railway and urban bridge construction, but its corrosion protection is also a major issue. This paper studies the types of corrosion, the methods of anti-corrosion and focuses on coating protection--the most promising anti-corrosion method currently. It proposes some improvement measures for the corrosion protection, and has a certain reference value for the design and construction of such bridges.

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RYU, Hirofumi. "K32 The Japan's Oldest Movable Lift Steel Bridge (The Chikugo River Railway Steel Bridge)." Proceedings of Conference of Kyushu Branch 2008.61 (2008): 369–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.1299/jsmekyushu.2008.61.369.

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Zhang, Yao Hui, and Hai Long Wang. "Dynamic Response of a New Railway Emergency Steel Truss Girder under the Moving Train Loads." Advanced Materials Research 139-141 (October 2010): 2405–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.139-141.2405.

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In China, a new railway middle-span emergency steel truss girder, which can adapt to the technical requirements about quickly repairing the damaged railway bridges, is developed under the new situation. The old emergency steel truss girder for the railway bridges can not adapt to the current technical requirements. So, the new railway middle-span emergency steel truss girder (hereinafter referred to as the new girder) is developed after hard work. The great changes on the structure, the connections, the structural details and the multi-purpose have taken place on it compared to the existing old similar girder. In this paper, the structure and technical characteristics of the new girder are introduced. In order to improve the new girder’s design, the dynamic responses of the new girder are calculated using the train-bridge coupling vibration theory. In the paper, the 32m-span girder are the main object of study. The vibration-related laws are revealed versus the different train speeds, and the proposals about the largest traffic safety speed are given.

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Ju, Ao Tian, Shu Ying Qu, Xing Min Hou, and Jin Tian Wang. "Influence of Hoop Coefficient on Dynamic Response of Railway Bridge Protective Frame under Impact Load." Advanced Materials Research 291-294 (July 2011): 1321–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.291-294.1321.

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The paper analyzes that hoop coefficients of the concrete-filled steel tube influence on dynamic response of the railway bridge height limit protective frame under impact load by using ANSYS/LS-DYNA. Change hoop coefficient of the concrete-filled steel tube structure by changing steel tube wall thickness. The result shows that with increase of steel tube wall thickness, the average impact force of protective frame will increase and the displacement and deformation will reduce, and protective frame can resist greater impact load. It will provide the reference for design of railway bridge height limit protective frame.

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Moga, Cătălin, Ștefan I. Guţiu, Alexandra D. Danciu, and Bogdan Cristea. "Aspects Regarding EC3-2 Procedure for Stability Verification of the Free-Standing Circular Arches." Bulletin of the Polytechnic Institute of Iași. Construction. Architecture Section 67, no. 3 (July 18, 2022): 105–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/bipca-2021-0029.

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Abstract The paper presents aspects related to the verification of the general stability of the bridge superstructures on circular arches with rigid vertical hangers, bridges of open-type or free-standing, without upper bracing. A numerical worked analysis is carried out for a single-track railway bridge with a span of 30 m, which is based on the normative SR EN 1993-2:2007. Eurocode 3: Design of steel structures. Part 2: Steel Bridges (EC3-2). The worked analysis carried out can be useful in deepening the knowledge of the procedure presented in the normative, as well as in the designing of the structures on arches in the field of bridges or other types of metal structures.

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Fatih Yilmaz, Mehmet, Kadir Ozakgul, and Barlas Ozden Caglayan. "Simulation-Based Reliability Analysis of Steel Girder Railway Bridges." Baltic Journal of Road and Bridge Engineering 17, no. 3 (September 28, 2022): 44–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.7250/bjrbe.2022-17.568.

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Bridges are an essential component of the transportation system and safety and sustainability of bridges are critical for the efficient operation thereof. Due to scarcity of resources, an economical way should be determined to design and maintain bridges and the transportation system in general. Reliability indexes are widely used in the analysis of these concepts within a semi-probabilistic approach. However, advances in computer technology allow implementing a fully-probabilistic approach. This study represents a simulation-based reliability analysis of steel girder bridges in the railway lines. Statistical parameters of the bridges are determined both analysing the existing body of knowledge available in the literature and conducting specimen tests. The Bayesian approach is used to update the statistical properties of the steel material. Basic Monte Carlo Simulation (MCS) is used to simulate the load and resistance of the bridge. The reliability of the bridges is determined according to their ultimate limit states and statistical load distribution. By using simulation, the consistency of the log-normal marginal distribution obtained is analysed herein.

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He, Xu Hui, and Hai Tao Wu. "Fatigue Life Evaluation of Existing Railway Riveted Steel Bridges." Advanced Materials Research 243-249 (May 2011): 387–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.243-249.387.

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This paper aims to evaluate the fatigue life of an existing railway riveted steel bridge. Based on the measured train load information, the current load spectrum of the bridge is obtained, and the stress histories and stress spectrum of main members of the bridge are achieved using FE model and rain-flow counting method. The fatigue life of the bridge using traditional method is evaluated. At the same time, the finite element (FE) model of riveted component is established and the stress intensity factor of crack tip is calculated. The fatigue crack is simulated on the basis of linear elastic fracture mechanics (LEFM), and the fatigue life of the main members is also evaluated based on the damage tolerance analysis method. The evaluated results of fatigue life show that the fatigue remaining life of the bridge is very long due to the lower live load stress level.

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Zhang, Kun, Jun Qing Lei, and Shan Shan Cao. "Influence of Damage of Suspenders on Static Performances of Steel-Box Stacked Arch Bridge." Advanced Materials Research 655-657 (January 2013): 1864–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.655-657.1864.

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Suspender is an important component of through arch bridge which transfers loads from bridge deck to arch rib, and its mechanical property is closely related to the safety of whole bridge. When suspender is damaged, the change of its tension will lead to internal force redistributions of the arch bridge. In this thesis, taken Xinkai River Bridge of Harbin-Dalian high-speed railway as a case study, which is the first long-span steel-box stacked arch bridge for high-speed railway in China, a finite element model is established by using the MIDAS/Civil software. By analyzing the calculation results and comparing static performances under non-destructive conditions, the influence of damage of suspenders on steel-box stacked arch bridge is summarized, which can provide reference data for health evaluation of the bridge during service period.

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Mytych-Kumańska, Eliza, and Paweł Kossakowski. "Fracture toughness of old bridge steel." Budownictwo i Architektura 12, no. 1 (March 11, 2013): 251–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.35784/bud-arch.2206.

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The subject of paper is related to problems the of fracture toughness of old steel bridge which was taken from the railway bridge, that was loaded during more than 100 years. The basic problems of fracture mechanics, as well as detailed information on the procedures of determination of material fracture toughness, which were used in the steel bridge research, are presented. The results of the study, the critical values of JQ integral, defining the fracture toughness of investigated steel are discussed.

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Shi, Yan, Hong Guo Qin, and Fu Qiang Liu. "Effect of Eccentric Pounding on Elasto-Plastic Behavior of a Simply Supported Bridge under Transverse Earthquake." Applied Mechanics and Materials 226-228 (November 2012): 1669–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.226-228.1669.

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An increasing number of bridges have been built in earthquake zones, alonged with rapid development of high-speed railway. Their seismic behaviors attract researchers’ attention now. The steel shear keys as falling-off prevention measures have been used widely in 32m simply-supported box girder bridges on high-speed railways in China. To allow for transverse temperature movement, the shear keys are placed with a slight gap from the girders. However, out-of-phase vibrations between superstructures and substructures result in nonlinear eccentric pounding between bearing base and steel shear keys if the relative displacements exceed their initial gaps. The aim of this paper is to analyze the effect of eccentric pounding on elasto-plastic behavior of a simply-supported concrete box girder bridge under transverse earthquake, and evaluate the seismic performance of falling-off prevention measures. The effect of cushion block on seismic response has been studied. The results of the study indicate that a bridge column occur plastic deformation and suffer residual displacements due to eccentric pounding, and simple analysis in elastic range may result in nonconservative results. The lateral shear keys play a key role in limiting girder displacements. By setting hardwood blocks between steel shear keys and bearing base, the pounding forces can be appropriately reduced, and the lateral seismic performance of bridge can be effectively improved

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KILIKEVIČIUS, Artūras, Darius BAČINSKAS, Mindaugas JUREVIČIUS, Kristina KILIKEVIČIENĖ, Antanas FURSENKO, Jonas JAKAITIS, and Eligijus TOLOČKA. "FIELD TESTING AND DYNAMIC ANALYSIS OF OLD CONTINUOUS TRUSS STEEL BRIDGE." Baltic Journal of Road and Bridge Engineering 13, no. 1 (March 27, 2018): 54–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.3846/bjrbe.2018.394.

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Paper presents dynamic field test and analysis results of a three span railway steel continuous truss bridge over river Neris in Jonava. Bridge was originally constructed in 1914. In the period of the World War II and afterwards the bridge was many time destroyed by German and Soviet armies. In 1948 the new railway bridge was constructed. Object of the present paper is to evaluate dynamic behaviour of the railway bridge after 67 years in service. Experimental dynamic analysis was divided into resonance-vibration, forced-vibration and free vibration studies. Resonance-vibrations of the bridge were excited by separate actions of shock loading and standard locomotive 2M62. Forced-vibrations were measured under the action of locomotive 2M62. Additionally, free vibration tests under passage of freight and passenger trains have been carried out. Structural dynamic response of the bridge was analysed using Brüel & Kjær LAN XI dynamic test system and software. As a result, main dynamic parameters of the bridge were obtained. The main results include: mode shapes, frequencies of natural and forced vibrations, damping ratios, maximum amplitudes of accelerations, dynamic displacements. The obtained values were compared to the requirements of different design codes. Based on the achieved results concluding remarks and recommendations regarding the condition of the bridge after long-term period in service were presented.

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Journal articles on the topic 'Steel Railway Bridge'

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