Relevant bibliographies by topics / Steel

Contents

  1. Journal articles
  2. Dissertations / Theses
  3. Books
  4. Book chapters
  5. Conference papers
  6. Reports

Academic literature on the topic 'Steel'

Author: Grafiati
Published: 4 June 2021
Last updated: 30 July 2024

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Journal articles on the topic "Steel"

1

Zhang, Yan Mei, Kang Qin, Qing Ping Du, Jia Qiang Huang, Ge Guo Shuai, and Xiao Hua Jie. "Study on Antibacterial Properties of SUSXM7 Cu- Bearing Austenitic Stainless Steel." Advanced Materials Research 652-654 (January 2013): 997–1001. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.652-654.997.

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SUSXM7 Cu-bearing austenitic stainless stee1 was conducted with special antibacterial heat treatment and antibacterial properties of the steel were studied. The experimental results show that a suitable amount of ε-Cu phases can precipitate from the matrix of SUSXM7 steel after solution treated at 1100 °C and aging treated at 650 - 850 °C. ε-Cu phases are granular with diameter of 100 - 200 nm. SUSXM7 Cu-bearing austenitic stainless steels possess excellent antibacterial properties. Antibacterial rates against two typical bacteria of Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus surpass 99.0％ and are basically equal to that of Cu-bearing austenitic antibacterial stainless steel researched widely now.
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Gao, Bing, Bo Wang, and Jian Qi Zou. "Anti-Pulls Out Strength Research on Concretes Component of Low-Alloy Coupled Steels and Cold Rolling Belt Rib Steel Bars." Applied Mechanics and Materials 121-126 (October 2011): 2537–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.121-126.2537.

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Both Low-alloy Coupled Steels and Cold rolling belt rib steel bars are cold finishing steel bars. In project practice, Anchor ability of Low-alloy Coupled Steels Concrete will higher than cold rolling belt rib steel bars. So, more economical steel bars and cement contents. Through comparative trial about on concretes component of Low-alloy coupled steels and cold rolling belt rib steel bars in this article. Summarizes that anchor ability of Low-alloy coupled steels are depending transverse steel, well, steel bars and concretes has the better joint work ability.
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Shi, Gang, Huatian Zhao, and Yang Gao. "Research on high‐performance steel structure with high‐strength steel column, ordinary‐strength steel beam, and low‐yield‐point steel BRB." ce/papers 6, no. 3-4 (September 2023): 645–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/cepa.2657.

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AbstractIn order to reasonably make full use of the advantages of different steels and then achieve a steel structure with excellent seismic behaviour, the authors proposed novel triple grades hybrid high‐performance steel structures (TGHSSs) comprising high‐strength steel (HSS) columns, ordinary‐strength steel beams, and low‐yield‐point (LYP) steel buckling‐restrained braces (BRBs). The basic concept and expected advantages were introduced. To validate this concept, eight full‐scale single‐bay two‐storey TGHSS specimens were tested under cyclic loads, in which columns are of 460 MPa, 690 MPa, and 890 MPa HSSs, beams are of 345 MPa steel, and BRBs are of 100 MPa, 160 MPa, and 225 MPa LYP steels. Meantime, nine LYP steel BRB specimens were taken out and tested under uniaxial cyclic loads. Based on the experimental study, numerical simulation and parametric analyses on TGHSSs were further conducted, and a performance‐based design method was proposed. Results indicated that the TGHSSs featured a sequential yielding mechanism with excellent seismic performance. Specifically, the LYP steel BRBs yielded at first to dissipate seismic energy. Then, the ordinary‐strength steel beams developed plastic hinges at beam ends. At last, the HSS columns kept almost elastic or presented limited plasticity at column bases. This research proves such a high‐performance structure with a reasonable combination of high, ordinary, and low strength steels, whose advantages can be fully developed.
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Li, Yang, Jing Wang, Jiaquan Zhang, Changgui Cheng, and Zhi Zeng. "Deformation and Structure Difference of Steel Droplets during Initial Solidification." High Temperature Materials and Processes 36, no. 4 (April 1, 2017): 347–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/htmp-2016-0113.

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AbstractThe surface quality of slabs is closely related with the initial solidification at very first seconds of molten steel near meniscus in mold during continuous casting. The solidification, structure, and free deformation for given steels have been investigated in droplet experiments by aid of Laser Scanning Confocal Microscope. It is observed that the appearances of solidified shells for high carbon steels and some hyper-peritectic steels with high carbon content show lamellar, while that for other steels show spherical. Convex is formed along the chilling direction for most steels, besides some occasions that concave is formed for high carbon steel at times. The deformation degree decreases gradually in order of hypo-peritectic steel, ultra-low carbon steel, hyper-peritectic steel, low carbon steel, and high carbon steel, which is consistent with the solidification shrinkage in macroscope during continuous casting. Additionally, the microstructure of solidified shell of hypo-peritectic steel is bainite, while that of hyper-peritectic steel is martensite.
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Chen, Shan, Xue Qun Chen, Lin Zheng, Guo Ming Li, Wan Shun Chang, and Guo Liang Cao. "The Effect of Calcium Treatment on the Corrosion Resistance of Manganese Steels." Advanced Materials Research 668 (March 2013): 850–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.668.850.

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The metallurgy quality of the steel was improved greatly by calcium treatment which was a technique developed for a long time. The Mn steels treated with calcium, carbon-manganese steels and nickel-chromium steels were collected and their corrosion behaviors were investigated. The results showed that the corrosion resistance of the Mn steel is lower than that of the Ni-Cr steel. The shape of the inclusions can be modified and quality of the steels can be enhanced by the calcium treatment, and the corrosion resistance of the steel treated with calcium is higher than that of the common carbon-Mn steel, and near to that of the NiCr steel.
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Černý, Michal, Josef Filípek, Pavel Mazal, and David Varner. "Notch aspects of RSP steel microstructure." Acta Universitatis Agriculturae et Silviculturae Mendelianae Brunensis 60, no. 5 (2012): 49–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.11118/actaun201260050049.

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For a rather long time, basic research projects have been focused on examinations of mechanical properties for Rapid Solidification Powder (RSP) steels. These state-of-art steels are commonly known as “powdered steels“. In fact, they combine distinctive attributes of conventional steel alloys with unusual resistance of construction material manufactured by so called “pseudo-powdered” metallurgy.Choice of suitable materials for experimental verification was carried out based on characteristic application of so called “modern steel”. First, groups of stainless and tool steel types (steel grades ČSN 17 and 19) were selected. These provided representative specimens for the actual comparison experiment. For stainless steel type, two steel types were chosen: hardenable X47Cr14 (ČSN 17 029) stainless steel and non-hardenable X2CrNiMo18-14-3 (ČSN 17 350) steel. They are suitable e.g. for surgical tools and replacements (respectively). For tooling materials, C80U (ČSN 19 152) carbon steel and American D2 highly-alloyed steel (ČSN “equivalent” being 19 572 steel) were chosen for the project. Finally, the M390 Böhler steel was chosen as representative of powdered (atomized) steels. The goal of this paper is to discuss structural aspects of modern stainless and tool steel types and to compare them against the steel made by the RSP method. Based on the paper's results, impact of powdered steel structural characteristics on the resistance to crack initiation shall be evaluated.
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Sidorova, Elena, Andrey V. Karasev, Denis Kuznetsov, and Pär G. Jönsson. "Modification of Non-Metallic Inclusions in Oil-Pipeline Steels by Ca-Treatment." Metals 9, no. 4 (March 28, 2019): 391. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/met9040391.

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Corrosion rate in different steel grades (including oilfield pipeline steels) is determined by the presence of non-metallic inclusions (NMI) in steels. Specifically, the effect of different inclusions on the quality of steels depends on their characteristics such as size, number, morphology, composition, and physical properties, as well as their location in the steel matrix. Therefore, the optimization and control of NMI in steels are very important today to obtain an improvement of the material properties of the final steel products. It is well known that a Ca-treatment of liquid steels in ladle before casting is an effective method for modification of non-metallic inclusions for improvement of the steel properties. Therefore, the NMI characteristics were evaluated in industrial steel samples of low carbon Ca-treated steel used for production of oil-pipelines. An electrolytic extraction technique was used for extraction of NMI from the steel samples followed by three-dimensional investigations of different inclusions and clusters by using SEM in combination with EDS. Moreover, the number and compositions of corrosion active non-metallic inclusions were estimated in hot rolled steel samples from two different heats. Finally, the corrosion resistance of these steels can be discussed depending on the characteristics of non-metallic inclusions present in the steel.
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Gao, Bing, and B. Wang. "Two Kinds of Cold Working Steel Performance Contrast Research." Applied Mechanics and Materials 271-272 (December 2012): 316–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.271-272.316.

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In project practice, Anchor ability of coupled steel bars concrete will higher than cold rolling belt rib steel bars. So, more economical steel bars and cement contents. Through comparative trial about on concretes component of coupled steels bars and cold rolling belt rib steel bars in this article. Summarizes that anchor ability of Low-alloy coupled steels are depending transverse steel, well, steel bars and concretes has the better joint work ability.
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Wu, Guo Sheng, and Yu Tao Wang. "Study on Thermal Fatigue Performance of Cold Work Roll Steel." Applied Mechanics and Materials 117-119 (October 2011): 817–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.117-119.817.

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Thermal stability and thermal fatigue performance tests of four kinds of cold work roll steels were done. There are indications that after isothermal 2～6 hours under conditions of 400°C～720°C, the best is 8Cr5SiMoV steel, its thermal stability grows up as isothermal time increase; the second is 8Cr4MoV steel; the worse are 8Cr5MoV steel and 9Cr3MoV steel; and all the thermal stability of four kinds of cold work roll steels are lower than 400°C. Thermal fatigue performance of four kinds of cold work roll steels are basically same as their thermal stability, i.e. the best is 8Cr5SiMoV steel, and the second is 8Cr4MoV steel.
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Maube, Shem, Japheth Obiko, Josias Van der Merwe, Fredrick Mwema, Desmond Klenam, and Michael Bodunrin. "Comparative Study on Hot Metal Flow Behaviour of Virgin and Rejuvenated Heat Treatment Creep Exhausted P91 Steel." Applied Sciences 13, no. 7 (March 31, 2023): 4449. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app13074449.

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This article reports on the comparative study of the hot deformation behaviour of virgin (steel A) and rejuvenated heat treatment creep-exhausted (steel B) P91 steels. Hot uniaxial compression tests were conducted on the two steels at a deformation temperature range of 900–1050 °C and a strain rate range of 0.01–10 s−1 to a total strain of 0.6 using Gleeble® 3500 equipment. The results showed that the flow stress largely depends on the deformation conditions. The flow stress for the two steels increased with an increase in strain rate at a given deformation temperature and vice versa. The flow stress–strain curves exhibited dynamic recovery as the softening mechanism. The material constants determined using Arrhenius constitutive equations were: the stress exponent, which was 5.76 for steel A and 6.67 for steel B; and the apparent activation energy, which was: 473.1 kJ mol−1 for steel A and 564.5 kJmol−1 for steel B. From these results, steel A exhibited better workability than steel B. Statistical parameters analyses showed that the flow stress for the two steels had a good correlation between the experimental and predicted data. Pearson’s correlation coefficient (R) was 0.97 for steel A and 0.98 for steel B. The average absolute relative error (AARE) values were 7.62% for steel A and 6.54% for steel B. This study shows that the Arrhenius equations can effectively describe the flow stress behaviour of P91 steel, and this method is applicable for industrial metalworking process.
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Steel"

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Di, Martino Fabio. "Microstructural characterisation of continuously cooled steels and steel welds." Thesis, Loughborough University, 2006. https://dspace.lboro.ac.uk/2134/13615.

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Fe-Mn-Si-C steels are currently the most widely used type of steel for structural, building and automotive applications. Additionally, these steels also find important applications within welded structures, due to their low cost and versatility with regard to chemical composition and heat treatments because of the possibility to tailor their final mechanical properties. The production of a specific component made out of such steels generally involves continuous cooling heat treatments. Therefore, the way in which an optimum balance is achieved between the heat treatment parameters, the alloy composition and the desired microstructure for a specific application, is a vital step in the investigation of Fe-Mn-Si-C steels.
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Jamwal, Ranbir Singh. "Microstructural origins of variability in the tensile ductility of dual phase steels." Thesis, Georgia Institute of Technology, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/1853/39477.

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Quantitative relationships among processing parameters, microstructure, and material properties are of considerable interest in the context of development of robust processing routes that optimize the required material properties. As a result, the scientific literature contains a large number of experimental and theoretical studies on microstructure-properties relationships. Fracture sensitive mechanical properties such as ductility, ultimate tensile strength, fatigue life, and fracture toughness depend on the average microstructural parameters as well as the distributions of microstructural parameters and their extrema.Development of quantitative relationships between such material properties and microstructural distributions and extrema has received considerably less attention, particularly in the wrought metals and alloys. Accordingly, an important objective of this research is to perform a systematic investigation in this direction. The dependence of the fracture-sensitive mechanical properties on the microstructural distributions and extrema often leads to substantial variability in these properties: a set of specimens having the same average chemistry, the same average processing history, and the same average microstructural parameters such as volume fractions of different constituents can exhibit substantially different material properties. The present research (i) is concerned with high strength (~ 1000 MPa) high martensite (>50%) dual phase steel where the martensite is a topologically continuous phase (matrix) containing a dispersion of islands of ferrite, and (ii) focuses on understanding the microstructural origins of the variability in fracture sensitive mechanical properties, in particular variability in the room temperature uniaxial tensile ductility. The research involves quantitative microstructure characterization using stereology and digital image processing and quantitative fractography using scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and fracture profilometry. The analysis of the quantitative fractographic and microstructural data obtained in this research leads to useful guidelines for reducing the variability in the tensile ductility of the dual phase steel under investigation.
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Simsir, Mehmet. "Investigation Of Fracture Behavior Of Steel/steel Laminates." Phd thesis, METU, 2004. http://etd.lib.metu.edu.tr/upload/12604834/index.pdf.

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A study is carried out into fracture behavior of steel/steel laminates both experimentally and through finite element analysis (FEM). The laminates produced by hot pressing consisted of low carbon and medium carbon steels with two volume fractions
0.41 and 0.81. Fracture toughness, JIC has been measured using partial unloading technique assuming a critical value of crack extension. The technique is initially applied to monolithic material and then to the laminates in crack divider orientation. Evaluation of fracture toughness of laminates indicates that there is a substantial improvement of JIC with increase in the volume fraction. The systems under study were also evaluated by FEM modeling with the use MARC package program. To evaluate JIC, the problem has been evaluated in several steps
first two-dimensional plane strain problem is considered. This is followed by three-dimensional case and then by an artificially layered system, all for monolithic materials. Values of JIC derived were close to one another in all cases. Following this verification, the method, as implemented in layered monolithic system, was applied to laminates. This has shown that JIC of laminates can be predicted using FEM analysis, including the delamination. Values of JIC varied in the same manner as the experiment verifying that fracture toughness in the current system increases with increase in volume fraction. It has been concluded that modeling as implemented in this work can be used for useful composite systems incorporating hard/brittle reinforcements both in crack divider and crack arrester orientation.
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Cyril, Nisha S. "Anisotropy and Sulfide Inclusion Effects on Tensile Properties and Fatigue Behavior of Steels." Connect to full text in OhioLINK ETD Center, 2007. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc%5Fnum=toledo1198808409.

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Thesis (M.S.)--University of Toledo, 2007.
Typescript. "Submitted as partial fulfillment of the requirements for the Master of Science Degree in Mechanical Engineering." "A thesis entitled"--at head of title. Bibliography: leaves 204-209.
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Foundoukos, Nickolaos. "Behaviour and design of steel-concrete-steel sandwich construction." Thesis, Imperial College London, 2005. http://hdl.handle.net/10044/1/8819.

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Coyle, Neil Robert. "Development of fully composite steel-concrete-steel beam elements." Thesis, University of Dundee, 2001. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.270046.

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Steel-Concrete-Steel (SCS) composite construction consists of two relatively thin steel plates with the space between filled with concrete. Various forms of this construction exist, using overlapping shear studs and single bar connectors to provide shear reinforcement to the concrete and provide a shear transfer at the interface. The problem with current systems that rely purely upon shear studs or bar connectors is that they are prone to slip between the steel faceplates and concrete core. This slip leads to a loss of composite action causing a loss of stiffness and a reduced fatigue life. An extensive experimental programme consisting of 32 beam specimens and 34 other small scale specimens formed the basis for the study of the behaviour of surfaced SCS specimens under a variety of load conditions. The results of this test program showed that surfaced SCS specimens behaved in a more composite manner. This increase in composite action manifested itself in a number of ways. • Reduced slip between steel plate and concrete core • Increased stiffness of specimen • More even crack distribution This extensive experimental study was backed up with an analytical study to understand and predict the behaviour of the surfaced SCS elements. This study has led to a new method of predicting the capacity of such sections, to a greater degree of accuracy than current methods allow. Further to this a FE parametric study was carried out to investigate the sensitivity of the elements to changes in the main geometrical and material variables.
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Hardell, Jens. "High temperature tribology of high strength boron steel and tool steels." Licentiate thesis, Luleå : Luleå University of Technology, 2007. http://epubl.ltu.se/1402-1757/2007/36/index.html.

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McCann, Robert K. "Loading Capacity of Massillon Steel Joist and Truscon Steel Joist." University of Akron / OhioLINK, 2017. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=akron1494286003564687.

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Mahdavian, Mahsa. "Innovative Cold-Formed Steel Shear Walls with Corrugated Steel Sheathing." Thesis, University of North Texas, 2016. https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc849608/.

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This thesis presents two major sections with the objective of introducing a new cold-formed steel (CFS) shear wall system with corrugated steel sheathings. The work shown herein includes the development of an optimal shear wall system as well as an optimal slit configuration for the CFS corrugated sheathings which result in a CFS shear wall with high ductility, high strength, high stiffness and overall high performance. The conclusion is based on the results of 36 full-scale shear wall tests performed in the structural laboratory of the University of North Texas. A variety of shear walls were the subject of this research to make further discussions and conclusions based on different sheathing materials, slit configurations, wall configurations, sheathing connection methods, wall dimensions, shear wall member thicknesses, and etc. The walls were subject to cyclic (CUREE protocol) lateral loading to study their deformations and structural performances. The optimal sit configuration for CFS shear walls with corrugated steel sheathings was found to be 12×2 in. vertical slits in 6 rows. The failure mode observed in this shear wall system was the connection failure between the sheathing and the framing members. Also, most of the shear walls tested displayed local buckling of the chord framing members located above the hold-down locations. The second section includes details of developing a Finite Element Model (FEM) in ABAQUS software to analyze the lateral response of the new shear wall systems. Different modeling techniques were used to define each element of the CFS shear wall and are reported herein. Material properties from coupon test results are applied. Connection tests are performed to define pinching paths to model fasteners with hysteretic user-defined elements. Element interactions, boundary conditions and loading applications are consistent with full scale tests. CFS members and corrugated sheathings are modeled with shell elements, sheathing-to-frame fasteners are modeled using nonlinear springs (SPRING2 elements) for monotonic models and a general user defined element (user subroutine UEL) for cyclic models. Hold-downs are defined by boundary conditions. A total of three models were developed and validated by comparing ABAQUS results to full scale test results.
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Nekouie, Esfahani Mohammadreza. "Laser welding of dissimilar carbon steel to stainless steel 316L." Thesis, Loughborough University, 2015. https://dspace.lboro.ac.uk/2134/19760.

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Laser welding of metals and alloys is extensively used in industry due to its advantages of controlled heating, narrow weld bead, low heat affected zone (HAZ) and its ability to weld a wide range of metals and dissimilar metals. Laser welding of dissimilar metals such as carbon steels and stainless steel is still a challenging task, particularly due to the formation of brittle phases in the weld, martensitic formation in the HAZ and solidification cracking in the fusion zone. These issues can significantly deteriorate the strength of the welded joint. The aim of this work is to investigate the fundamental phenomena that occur inside the dissimilar weld zone and their effect on weld quality. In order to establish the key process variables, an initial study concentrated on the effect of different laser process parameters on dissimilar weld quality. In the second part of the work, a comprehensive study was performed to understand and subsequently control the alloying composition in laser dissimilar welding of austenitic stainless steel and low carbon steel. A dissimilar weld that is predominantly austenitic and homogeneous was obtained by controlling the melt pool dynamics through specific point energy and beam alignment. The significance of dilution and alloying elements on joint strength was established. A coupled CFD and FEM numerical model was developed to assist in understanding the melt pool dynamics and transportation processes of alloying elements. The model has been validated by a series of laser welding experiments using various levels of specific point energy. The laser welding characteristics in terms of geometric dimensions, surface morphology, alloying concentration, and dilution, were compared, and it is concluded that the specific point energy and laser beam position are the key parameters that can be controlled to obtain a weld bead with characteristics most suitable for industrial applications. In the third part of the work, a comparative study was performed to understand the significance of cooling rate, and alloying composition on the microstructure and phase structure of the dissimilar weld zone. Results show that the HAZ within the high carbon steel has significantly higher hardness than the weld area, which severely undermines the weld quality. A new heat treatment strategy was proposed based on the results of the numerical simulation, and it is shown to control the brittle phase formation in HAZ of high carbon steel. A series of experiments was performed to verify the developed thermo-metallurgical FEA model and a good qualitative agreement of the predicted martensitic phase distribution is shown to exist. Although this work is presented in the context of dissimilar laser welding of mild steel to stainless steel, the concept is applicable to any dissimilar fusion welding process.
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Books on the topic "Steel"

1

Walker, Kate. Steel. North Mankato, Minn: Smart Apple Media, 2004.

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Standardization, International Organization for. Steel. Geneva: International Organization for Standardization, 1986.

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Standardization, International Organization for. Steel. Genève: The Organization, 1986.

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Langley, Andrew. Steel. New York: Thomson Learning, 1993.

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Simonson, Louise. Steel. New York: Troll, 1997.

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Standardization, International Organization for. Steel. Geneva: International Organization for Standardization, 1986.

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Smith, Dean Wesley. Steel. New York: Tom Doherty Associates Book, 1997.

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Standardization, International Organization for. Steel. Geneva: International Organization for Standardization, 1986.

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Vaughn, Carrie. Steel. New York: HarperTeen, 2011.

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Günther, Hans-Peter, ed. Use and Application of High-Performance Steels for Steel Structures. Zurich, Switzerland: International Association for Bridge and Structural Engineering (IABSE), 2005. http://dx.doi.org/10.2749/sed008.

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<p>New steel production processes have led to a remarkable improve­ment in steel products within the last few years, and now allows steels to be produced according to the desired mechanical and chemical properties. High-Performance Steel (HPS) is the designa­tion given to this new generation of steels that offer higher performance not only in terms of strength but also toughness, weld­ability, cold formability and corrosion resistance, compared to the traditionally used mild steel grades.</p> <p>The development of HPS goes with today's increased demand for slender lightweight structures, as for example in bridge design and the design of high-rise buildings, where there is a strong require­ment to use high-strength materials in combination with good execution and fabrication properties. However, on the structural engineering side there is a need for knowledge on these new steel grades, and quite often design codes do not provide sufficient information to fully exploit the advantageous properties of HPS.</p> <p>The present volume provides an overview of the development and application of HPS on an international level. This is done by giving information on, for example, the production process, the chemical and mechanical properties, the relevant design and fabrication standards and on recent research results. Approximately fifteen included examples of realised applications aim to provide detailed information based on existing technical solutions, and to point out the major benefits when using HPS in comparison to mild steels.</p> <p>The document is thus not a monograph but an assembly of contri­butions from different countries. lt is separated into chapters related to different countries, namely the USA, Canada, Japan and Europe, all of them providing a state-of-the-art report on HPS.</p>
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Book chapters on the topic "Steel"

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Levy, Sidney M. "Steel and Steel Structures." In The Construction Superintendent’s Handbook, 171–85. Boston, MA: Springer US, 1992. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4684-8494-6_15.

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Woodhouse, Roger. "Steel." In British Policy towards France, 1945–51, 21–33. London: Palgrave Macmillan UK, 1995. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-349-24300-6_2.

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Ross, Robert B. "Steel." In Metallic Materials Specification Handbook, 295–581. Boston, MA: Springer US, 1992. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4615-3482-2_45.

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Diethelm, Alois. "Steel." In Constructing Architecture, 113–38. Basel: Birkhäuser Basel, 2005. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/3-7643-7666-x_6.

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Lall, Sanjaya. "Steel." In Learning to Industrialize, 75–109. London: Palgrave Macmillan UK, 1987. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-349-18798-0_5.

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Baker, Ian. "Steel." In Fifty Materials That Make the World, 215–22. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-78766-4_41.

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McDonald, Brian. "Steel." In The World Trading System, 154–58. London: Palgrave Macmillan UK, 1998. http://dx.doi.org/10.1057/9780230379701_17.

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Briggs, Greg, Jim D'Aloisio, Christopher Hewitt, and Don Allen. "Steel." In Sustainability Guidelines for the Structural Engineer, 198–211. Reston, VA: American Society of Civil Engineers, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1061/9780784411193.ch16.

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Nolan, Peter. "Steel." In China and the Global Business Revolution, 587–694. London: Palgrave Macmillan UK, 2001. http://dx.doi.org/10.1057/9780230524101_9.

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Qilong, Yong, and Xu Kuangdi. "Steel." In The ECPH Encyclopedia of Mining and Metallurgy, 1–3. Singapore: Springer Nature Singapore, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-19-0740-1_1129-1.

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Conference papers on the topic "Steel"

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Bowerman, Hugh, and John C. Chapman. "Bi-Steel Steel-Concrete-Steel Sandwich Construction." In Composite Construction in Steel and Concrete IV Conference 2000. Reston, VA: American Society of Civil Engineers, 2002. http://dx.doi.org/10.1061/40616(281)57.

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DeGrande, Vic, Ralph Hayden, Joel Olmos, and Jeff Stember. "Steel Specifications for Welded Steel Pipe." In Pipelines 2016. Reston, VA: American Society of Civil Engineers, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1061/9780784479957.124.

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Liu, Haoyu. "Steel selection for UBC steel bridge." In ADVANCES IN ENERGY SCIENCE AND ENVIRONMENT ENGINEERING II: Proceedings of 2nd International Workshop on Advances in Energy Science and Environment Engineering (AESEE 2018). Author(s), 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.5029723.

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Irfan, Danish, S. Varadharajan, Shahina Mateen, Syed Md Mobasshir, Ashish Kumar, and Bishnu Kant Shukla. "Study of growth of steel, steel infrastructure and steel industries in India." In THE FOURTH SCIENTIFIC CONFERENCE FOR ELECTRICAL ENGINEERING TECHNIQUES RESEARCH (EETR2022). AIP Publishing, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/5.0163369.

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Hartl, Werner. "Spherical Plain Bearings, Hardened Steel-on-Steel." In Earthmoving Industry Conference & Exposition. 400 Commonwealth Drive, Warrendale, PA, United States: SAE International, 1995. http://dx.doi.org/10.4271/951208.

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Ghimire, Rushie, Gary Anderson, and Fereidoon Delfanian. "Acoustic Emission Test on Steel/Composite and Steel/Composite/Steel Built-Up Sections." In ASME 2011 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. ASMEDC, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/imece2011-63882.

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Abstract:
Acoustic Emission (AE) has been widely used to monitor and inspect built-up steel/composite sections; primarily at the glue line. AE testing was conducted on steel-composite (SC) and steel-composite-steel (SCS) built-up sections to determine the glue line failure and damage sustained by the inner layer of the built-up section by putting the sensors on the inner and outer layers of the built-up sections. The straight specimens of steel/composite and steel/composite/steel were tested with load applied to only one steel layer. The AE sensors were placed on the outer steel component so that detected signals traveled through the loaded steel, glue lines, and the composite or the loaded steel component, two glue lines, composite and unloaded steel components of the built-up section(s). The AE signals received by the sensors placed on the loaded steel in tension was compared to signals of sensors placed directly opposite on the unloaded steel or composite to determine the effect the steel/composite and steel/composite/steel built-up sections had on the signal. AE signals were also compared to signals generated during tensile tests of steel specimens only and composite specimens only. AE parameters like amplitude, hits, counts, frequency, cumulative count, and rise time of the AE signals were recorded, analyzed, and compared. AE parameters were also compared to traditional material properties (like yield and failure stress and strain). Tested specimens were examined with a microscope and observations were compared and analyzed relative to AE and material parameters, and reported.
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T., Hara, Katsui M., Katsui Y., and Takao D. "Assembled Steel Beam to Repair a Steel Highway Bridge." In 4th International Conference on Steel & Composite Structures. Singapore: Research Publishing Services, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.3850/978-981-08-6218-3_bs-th013.

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Gérard, Mathieu. "Steel life." In ACM SIGGRAPH ASIA 2009 Computer Animation Festival. New York, New York, USA: ACM Press, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/1665208.1665232.

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Gérard, Mathieu. "Steel life." In ACM SIGGRAPH 2009 Computer Animation Fesitval. New York, New York, USA: ACM Press, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/1596685.1596812.

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Vasilevitsky, Tatyana, and Amit Zoran. "Steel-Sense." In CHI'16: CHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems. New York, NY, USA: ACM, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/2858036.2858309.

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Reports on the topic "Steel"

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Troncosa, Kenneth P., Brandon M. Smith, and Tina Joan Tanaka. Ferritic steel melt and FLiBe/steel experiment : melting ferritic steel. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), November 2004. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/975251.

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Sherman, D., J. Leach, A. Hayes, J. Lemsky, J. Thomas, G. Geiger, A. Goldberg, M. Strum, and O. Sherby. Steel initiative: Development of superplastic steel processing. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), September 1989. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/5377591.

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Skone, Timothy J. Steel products. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), February 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/1509452.

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Buchenauer, Dean A., and Richard A. Karnesky. Stainless Steel Permeability. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), September 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/1221706.

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Haas, Bradley J. Steel Strapping Evaluation. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, October 1996. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada326983.

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Poweleit, David R., and Raymond W. Monroe. Performance Steel Castings. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, September 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada566349.

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Hershberg, Elliot, and Nicholas McCarty. Beyond Steel Tanks. Asimov Press, March 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.62211/72po-11rs.

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Bates, D. J., S. R. Doctor, P. G. Heasler, and E. Burck. Stainless Steel Round Robin Test: Centrifugally cast stainless steel screening phase. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), October 1987. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/5913079.

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Moore, Michael. Steel Protection in the 1980s: The Waning Influence of Big Steel? Cambridge, MA: National Bureau of Economic Research, June 1994. http://dx.doi.org/10.3386/w4760.

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Chang, Luh, Tarek Zayed, and Jon Fricker. Steel Bridge Protection Policy: Metalization of Steel Bridges: Research and Practice. West Lafayette, IN: Purdue University, 1999. http://dx.doi.org/10.5703/1288284313322.

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