Journal articles: 'Steady State Frequency'

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Mackay, Mark A., and Tony C. Badrick. "Steady state errors and QC frequency." Pathology 51 (February 2019): S107. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.pathol.2018.12.298.

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Mohaddes, M., A. M. Gole, and S. Elez. "Steady state frequency response of STATCOM." IEEE Transactions on Power Delivery 16, no. 1 (2001): 18–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/61.905574.

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Picton, Terence W., Andrew Dimitrijevic, and M. Sasha John. "Multiple Auditory Steady-State Responses." Annals of Otology, Rhinology & Laryngology 111, no. 5_suppl (May 2002): 16–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/00034894021110s504.

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Steady-state responses are evoked potentials that maintain a stable frequency content over time. In the frequency domain, responses to rapidly presented stimuli show a spectrum with peaks at the rate of stimulation and its harmonics. Auditory steady-state responses can be reliably evoked by tones that have been amplitude-modulated at rates between 75 and 110 Hz. These responses show great promise for objective audiometry, because they can be readily recorded in infants and are unaffected by sleep. Responses to multiple tones presented simultaneously can be independently assessed if each tone is modulated at a different modulation frequency. This ability makes it possible to estimate thresholds at several audiometric frequencies in both ears at the same time. Because amplitude-modulated tones are not significantly distorted by free-field speakers or microphones, they can also be used to evaluate the performance of hearing aids. Responses to amplitude and frequency modulation may also become helpful in assessing suprathreshold auditory processes, such as those necessary for speech perception.

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Sule, V. R. "Steady-state frequency response for periodic systems." Journal of the Franklin Institute 338, no. 1 (January 2001): 1–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0016-0032(00)00067-3.

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Lins, Otavio G., Terence W. Picton, Brigitte L. Boucher, Andreé Durieux-Smith, Sandra C. Champagne, Linda M. Moran, Maria C. Perez-Abalo, Vivian Martin, and Guillermo Savio. "Frequency-Specific Audiometry Using Steady-State Responses." Ear and Hearing 17, no. 2 (April 1996): 81–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/00003446-199604000-00001.

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Foxall, D. L. "Frequency-modulated steady-state free precession imaging." Magnetic Resonance in Medicine 48, no. 3 (August 23, 2002): 502–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/mrm.10225.

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Telang, N. P., and L. R. Hunt. "Frequency domain computations for nonlinear steady-state solutions." IEEE Transactions on Signal Processing 49, no. 8 (2001): 1728–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/78.934143.

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NAKHMANSON, R. S. "High- and low-frequency steady-state MIS photovoltage." International Journal of Electronics 59, no. 6 (December 1985): 685–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00207218508920746.

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Labecki, Maciej, Maria Malgorzata Nowicka, and Piotr Suffczynski. "Temporal Modulation of Steady-State Visual Evoked Potentials." International Journal of Neural Systems 29, no. 03 (March 18, 2019): 1850050. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0129065718500508.

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Electroencephalographic responses to periodic stimulation are termed steady-state visual evoked potentials (SSVEP). Their characteristics in terms of amplitude, frequency and phase are commonly assumed to be stationary. In this work, we tested this assumption in 30 healthy participants submitted to 50 trials of 60[Formula: see text]s flicker stimulation at 15[Formula: see text]Hz frequency. We showed that the amplitude of the first and second harmonic frequency components of SSVEP signals were in general not stable over time. The power (squared amplitude) of the fundamental component was stationary only in 30% the subjects, while the power at the second harmonic frequency was stationary in 66.7% of the group. The phases of both SSVEP frequency components were more stable over time, but could exhibit small drifts. The observed temporal changes were heterogeneous across the subjects, implying that averaging results over participants should be performed carefully. These results may contribute to improved design and analysis of experiments employing prolonged visual stimulation. Our findings offer a novel characterization of the temporal changes of SSVEP that may help to identify their physiological basis.

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Chen, Ying, and Xiang Jie Chen. "Analysis for TCSC Steady-State Characteristics." Advanced Materials Research 179-180 (January 2011): 1435–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.179-180.1435.

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When the TCSC steady-state operation, the thyristor turn-on and turn-off time is definite, the changing for TCSC electric capacity voltage and thyristor electric current is with the periodicity and symmetry.Thyristor controlled series compensation technology is fixed series compensation technology foundation, which is meet the needs for adaptation electrical power system operation control developing. With changes the triggering angle for thyristor suitably, then can realize the TCSC equivalent reactance fast, continuously and adjusts smoothly, provides the controllable series compensation for the system, as to achieve increases the system transmitting capacity, enhance the transition condition stability, the damping power oscillation, and the purpose for improvement system tidal current distribution. Although in the entire time axis, obtains the analytic expression for TCSC running status variable is difficulty, but as long as had determined the analytic expression for various electrical quantity in a power frequency cycle, according to the stable state movement's symmetry and periodicity, we can determine the steady state profile that in the entire time axis, and then analyses the TCSC electric circuit’s steady-state characteristic with the time domain computation method. In this paper, topological analysis for TCSC operation established by formula, and then carries on the time domain partition to the TCSC electric circuit solution, finally obtains the steady state fundamental frequency impedance model for TCSC. This paper steady-state characteristic analysis is mainly carries on the topological analysis method to the TCSC main circuit, then establishes the stable state base frequency impedance model for TCSC, and analyses the resonance question for TCSC simultaneously. Then studies TCSC the steady- state characteristic, and with modeling and simulation on them to do further research and analysis, and utilizes the solution method for transformation territory, namely applies the Laplace transform solution equation of state. Thus can be obtained the zero-input response and zero status response formula for system.

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Duan, Bao-Rui, Xiang-An Yan, Bo-Quan Ren, Huan-Qin Gao, Yu-Jing Han, Wan-Ting Xu, and Jun-Fang Wu. "Controllable optical steady-state behavior at multi-frequency channels." International Journal of Modern Physics B 34, no. 06 (February 27, 2020): 2050039. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0217979220500393.

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We identify a scheme in which we can control the behavior of an atomic medium to switch between optical bistability (OB) and optical multistability (OM) at multiple frequencies. The scheme relies on the absorption and dispersion characteristics of the optical medium at different frequencies, which can be modulated significantly by changing the magnetic field [Formula: see text] for tuning the energy difference between Zeeman sublevels. The result shows that the transition from OB to OM or vice versa can be easily realized not only at single frequency channel but also between multiple frequency channels. Furthermore, the optical steady-state behavior also varies with the ratio of the applied two coupling fields at any frequency channel. Such controllable switching between multiple frequency channels could also be used as some applications in all-optical switching and quantum information processing.

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Ross, Bernhard, Rossitza Draganova, Terence W. Picton, and Christo Pantev. "Frequency specificity of 40-Hz auditory steady-state responses." Hearing Research 186, no. 1-2 (December 2003): 57–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0378-5955(03)00299-5.

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Ward, P. A. "THE EFFECT OF SPATIAL FREQUENCY ON STEADY-STATE ACCOMMODATION." Ophthalmic and Physiological Optics 7, no. 3 (July 1987): 211–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1475-1313.1987.tb00735.x.

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Aoyagi, Masaru, Tomoo Watanabe, Tsukasa Ito, and Yasuhiro Abe. "Reliability and frequency specificity of auditory steady‐state response." Journal of the Acoustical Society of America 120, no. 5 (November 2006): 3245. http://dx.doi.org/10.1121/1.4788282.

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Pigg, S., and M. Bodson. "Adaptive Harmonic Steady-State Disturbance Rejection with Frequency Tracking." Asian Journal of Control 15, no. 1 (May 8, 2012): 1–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/asjc.535.

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Baker, Daniel H., Greta Vilidaite, and Alex R. Wade. "Steady-state measures of visual suppression." PLOS Computational Biology 17, no. 10 (October 13, 2021): e1009507. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pcbi.1009507.

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In the early visual system, suppression occurs between neurons representing different stimulus properties. This includes features such as orientation (cross-orientation suppression), eye-of-origin (interocular suppression) and spatial location (surround suppression), which are thought to involve distinct anatomical pathways. We asked if these separate routes to suppression can be differentiated by their pattern of gain control on the contrast response function measured in human participants using steady-state electroencephalography. Changes in contrast gain shift the contrast response function laterally, whereas changes in response gain scale the function vertically. We used a Bayesian hierarchical model to summarise the evidence for each type of gain control. A computational meta-analysis of 16 previous studies found the most evidence for contrast gain effects with overlaid masks, but no clear evidence favouring either response gain or contrast gain for other mask types. We then conducted two new experiments, comparing suppression from four mask types (monocular and dichoptic overlay masks, and aligned and orthogonal surround masks) on responses to sine wave grating patches flickering at 5Hz. At the occipital pole, there was strong evidence for contrast gain effects in all four mask types at the first harmonic frequency (5Hz). Suppression generally became stronger at more lateral electrode sites, but there was little evidence of response gain effects. At the second harmonic frequency (10Hz) suppression was stronger overall, and involved both contrast and response gain effects. Although suppression from different mask types involves distinct anatomical pathways, gain control processes appear to serve a common purpose, which we suggest might be to suppress less reliable inputs.

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Lu, Shizeng, Hongliang Yu, and Xiaohong Wang. "Steady-state detection method of burning flame temperature based on wavelet transform and least squares fitting." Transactions of the Institute of Measurement and Control 41, no. 5 (July 23, 2018): 1458–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0142331218784638.

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The steady-state detection of burning flame temperature plays an important role in the modelling, state identification and optimization control of the cement clinker burning process. In this paper, the steady-state detection method of burning flame temperature based on wavelet transform and least squares method is studied. First, the burning flame temperature data were detected accurately using a video detection device. Then, the temperature signal was decomposed into the high-frequency and low-frequency components based on the wavelet transform method, and the wavelet basis function and the decomposition layer were determined by least squares fitting error. Thus, the signal trend item can be obtained by removing the high-frequency component that represents the signal noise, and reconstructing the low-frequency component that reflects the basic trend of the signal. On this basis, the first derivative of the trend was further obtained, and the steady-state detection threshold was set to achieve steady state-detection of the burning flame temperature. The results showed that the method proposed in this paper can accurately extract the burning flame temperature trend and realize steady-state detection. This paper provides a feasible method for the steady-state detection of burning temperature.

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Wang, Yanhua, Zhihua Kang, Li Yang, Qiang Ma, Yu Wang, Yabin Dong, and Junmin Wang. "Time response of spin-polarized rubidium thermal gas with radio-frequency pulse driving." Journal of Applied Physics 131, no. 13 (April 7, 2022): 134402. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/5.0082535.

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The time evolution of the polarization of a rubidium atom spin ensemble driven by a resonant radio-frequency (RF) magnetic field is analyzed based on the rate equation. A simple optical pumping experimental system is constructed and the time response of the rubidium atomic ensemble is demonstrated by recording the transmitted intensity of pumping light. In the steady-state response, the polarization difference between the optical pumping steady state and the magnetic resonance steady state depends on the optical pumping power and RF magnetic intensity. We can obtain the optimal power value corresponding to the maximum polarization difference. In terms of transient response, where the intensity of RF magnetic field is too weak to observe Rabi oscillations, two decay processes between magnetic resonance and optical pumping steady states are monitored. The decay time from magnetic resonance steady state to optical pumping steady state depends on the optical pumping rate and the spin relaxation rate. The decay time from optical pumping steady state to magnetic resonance steady state depends on the optical pumping rate, the RF driving rate, and the spin relaxation rate. The scale factor of pumping rate to pumping power is obtained, in addition to that of RF driving rate to the RF magnetic field. It can provide an intuitive understanding of the spin dynamic evolution of the polarized atomic ensemble.

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Korotyeyev, Igor. "Frequency response analysis of periodically time varying circuits." COMPEL - The international journal for computation and mathematics in electrical and electronic engineering 37, no. 3 (May 8, 2018): 1204–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/compel-07-2017-0275.

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Purpose The purpose of this paper is to introduce a method for the analysis of steady-state processes in periodically time varying circuits. The method is based on a new definition of frequency responses for periodic time-varying circuits. Design/methodology/approach Processes in inverter circuits are often described by differential equations with periodically variable coefficients and forcing functions. To obtain a steady-state periodic solution, the expansion of differential equations into a domain of two independent variables of time is made. To obtain differential equations with constant coefficients the Lyapunov transformation is applied. The two-dimensional Laplace transform is used to find a steady-state solution. The steady-state solution is obtained in the form of the double Fourier series. The transfer function and frequency responses for the inverter circuit are introduced. Findings A set of frequency characteristics are defined. An example of a boost inverter is considered, and a set of frequency responses for voltage and current are presented. These responses show a resonance that is missed if the averaged state-space method is used. Originality/value A new definition of frequency responses is presented. On the basis of frequency responses, a modulation strategy and filters can be chosen to improve currents and voltages.

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Van Soom, Marnix, and Bart de Boer. "Detrending the Waveforms of Steady-State Vowels." Entropy 22, no. 3 (March 13, 2020): 331. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/e22030331.

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Steady-state vowels are vowels that are uttered with a momentarily fixed vocal tract configuration and with steady vibration of the vocal folds. In this steady-state, the vowel waveform appears as a quasi-periodic string of elementary units called pitch periods. Humans perceive this quasi-periodic regularity as a definite pitch. Likewise, so-called pitch-synchronous methods exploit this regularity by using the duration of the pitch periods as a natural time scale for their analysis. In this work, we present a simple pitch-synchronous method using a Bayesian approach for estimating formants that slightly generalizes the basic approach of modeling the pitch periods as a superposition of decaying sinusoids, one for each vowel formant, by explicitly taking into account the additional low-frequency content in the waveform which arises not from formants but rather from the glottal pulse. We model this low-frequency content in the time domain as a polynomial trend function that is added to the decaying sinusoids. The problem then reduces to a rather familiar one in macroeconomics: estimate the cycles (our decaying sinusoids) independently from the trend (our polynomial trend function); in other words, detrend the waveform of steady-state waveforms. We show how to do this efficiently.

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Liao, Shijun, Dali Xu, and Michael Stiassnie. "On the steady-state nearly resonant waves." Journal of Fluid Mechanics 794 (March 30, 2016): 175–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/jfm.2016.162.

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The steady-state nearly resonant water waves with time-independent spectrum in deep water are obtained from the full wave equations for inviscid, incompressible gravity waves in the absence of surface tension by means of a analytic approximation approach based on the homotopy analysis method (HAM). Our strategy is to mathematically transfer the steady-state nearly resonant wave problem into the steady-state exactly resonant ones. By means of choosing a generalized auxiliary linear operator that is a little different from the linear part of the original wave equations, the small divisor, which is unavoidable for nearly resonant waves in the frame of perturbation methods, is avoided, or moved far away from low wave frequency to rather high wave frequency with physically negligible wave energy. It is found that the steady-state nearly resonant waves have nothing fundamentally different from the steady-state exactly resonant ones, from physical and numerical viewpoints. In addition, the validity of this HAM-based analytic approximation approach for the full wave equations in deep water is numerically verified by means of the Zakharov’s equation. A thought experiment is discussed, which suggests that the essence of the so-called ‘wave resonance’ should be reconsidered carefully from both of physical and mathematical viewpoints.

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Malladi, Vijaya V. N. Sriram, Mohammad I. Albakri, Manu Krishnan, Serkan Gugercin, and Pablo A. Tarazaga. "Estimating experimental dispersion curves from steady-state frequency response measurements." Mechanical Systems and Signal Processing 164 (February 2022): 108218. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ymssp.2021.108218.

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Korotyeyev, V. V., V. A. Kochelap, S. Vitusevich, V. Sydoruk, and L. Varani. "Steady-state and high-frequency electron transport in GaN nanowires." Journal of Physics: Conference Series 647 (October 13, 2015): 012033. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/647/1/012033.

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Feuer, A., and R. Cristi. "On the Steady State Performance of Frequency Domain LMS Algorithms." IEEE Transactions on Signal Processing 41, no. 1 (January 1993): 419. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/tsp.1993.193169.

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Persson, M., and R. Berndtsson. "Water application frequency effects on steady-state solute transport parameters." Journal of Hydrology 225, no. 3-4 (December 1999): 140–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0022-1694(99)00154-7.

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Krishnan, Ananthanarayan. "Human frequency-following responses: representation of steady-state synthetic vowels." Hearing Research 166, no. 1-2 (April 2002): 192–201. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0378-5955(02)00327-1.

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Kolka, Zdenek, Dalibor Biolek, and Viera Biolkova. "Frequency-domain steady-state analysis of circuits with mem-elements." Analog Integrated Circuits and Signal Processing 74, no. 1 (August 29, 2012): 79–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10470-012-9947-z.

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Wang, Yifeng, Wang Chen, Liangkai Ye, Bharat B. Biswal, Xuezhi Yang, Qijun Zou, Pu Yang, et al. "Multiscale energy reallocation during low-frequency steady-state brain response." Human Brain Mapping 39, no. 5 (February 1, 2018): 2121–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/hbm.23992.

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Xu, B. X., and Z. F. Yue. "Study of the ratcheting by the indentation fatigue method with a flat cylindrical indenter: Part I. Experimental study." Journal of Materials Research 21, no. 7 (July 1, 2006): 1793–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.1557/jmr.2006.0222.

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Generally, ratcheting is studied on round specimens under tension–compression tests with a nonzero mean load. This work explored the possibility of studying ratcheting by indentation fatigue with a flat cylindrical indenter. In the experiment, emphasis was concentrated on the influence of maximum indentation load (Pmax.), indentation load variance (ΔP = Pmax − Pmin) and frequency of cycling (f) on the indentation depth–cycle curves. The experimental results showed that the indentation depth–cycle curves are analogous to the conventional strain–cycle curve of uniaxial fatigue testing, which has a primary stage of decaying indentation depth per cycle followed by a secondary stage of nearly constant rate of indentation depth per cycle. It was found that the steady-state indentation depth per cycle is an approximate linear function of maximum indentation load (Pmax) and indentation load variance (ΔP = Pmax − Pmin) in the log–log grid. This relationship can be given with a power-law expression as an analogous equation of steady-state ratcheting rate. Further study showed that the influence of frequency of cycling on the steady state indentation depth per cycle can be ignored when the frequency of cycling exceeds a certain value. Finally, comparison was made between the conventional uniaxial fatigue test and indentation fatigue test for the steady-state stage. It was shown that the conventional uniaxial fatigue parameters can be obtained by the indentation fatigue method.

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Wen, Hua, Matthew J. McGinley, Gail Mandel, and Paul Brehm. "Nonequivalent release sites govern synaptic depression." Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 113, no. 3 (December 29, 2015): E378—E386. http://dx.doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1523671113.

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Synaptic depression is prominent among synapses, but the underlying mechanisms remain uncertain. Here, we use paired patch clamp recording to study neuromuscular transmission between the caudal primary motor neuron and target skeletal muscle in zebrafish. This synapse has an unusually low number of release sites, all with high probabilities of release in response to low-frequency stimulation. During high-frequency stimulation, the synapse undergoes short-term depression and reaches steady-state levels of transmission that sustain the swimming behavior. To determine the release parameters underlying this steady state, we applied variance analysis. Our analysis revealed two functionally distinct subclasses of release sites differing by over 60-fold in rates of vesicle reloading. A slow reloading class requires seconds to recover and contributes to depression onset but not the steady-state transmission. By contrast, a fast reloading class recovers within tens of milliseconds and is solely responsible for steady-state transmission. Thus, in contrast to most current models that assign levels of steady-state depression to vesicle availability, our findings instead assign this function to nonuniform release site kinetics. The duality of active-site properties accounts for the highly nonlinear dependence of steady-state depression levels on frequency.

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Wang, Guishuo, Xiaoli Wang, and Chen Zhao. "An Iterative Hybrid Harmonics Detection Method Based on Discrete Wavelet Transform and Bartlett–Hann Window." Applied Sciences 10, no. 11 (June 5, 2020): 3922. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app10113922.

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The current signal harmonic detection method(s) cannot reduce the errors in the analysis and extraction of mixed harmonics in the power grid. This paper designs a harmonic detection method based on discrete Fourier transform (DFT) and discrete wavelet transform (DWT) using Bartlett–Hann window function. It improves the detection accuracy of the existing methods in the low frequency steady-state part. In addition, it also separates the steady harmonics from the attenuation harmonics of the high frequency part. Simulation results show that the proposed harmonic detection method improves the detection accuracy of the steady-state part by 1.5175% compared to the existing method. The average value of low frequency steady-state amplitude detection of the proposed method is about 95.3375%. At the same time, the individual harmonic components of the signal are accurately detected and recovered in the high frequency part, and separation of the steady-state harmonics and the attenuated harmonics is achieved. This method is beneficial to improve the ability of harmonic analysis in the power grid.

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Schmulian, Dunay, DeWet Swanepoel, and René Hugo. "Predicting Pure-Tone Thresholds with Dichotic Multiple Frequency Auditory Steady State Responses." Journal of the American Academy of Audiology 16, no. 01 (January 2005): 005–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.3766/jaaa.16.1.2.

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The accuracy of dichotic multiple frequency auditory steady state in predicting pure-tone thresholds at 0.5, 1, 2, and 4.0 kHz compared to an ABR protocol (click and tone burst at 0.5 kHz) were explored in a group of 25 hearing-impaired subjects across the degree and configuration spectrum. Mean steady state thresholds were within 14, 18, 15, and 14 dB of the pure tones at 0.5, 1, 2, and 4 kHz, compared to the tone-burst ABR at 0.5 kHz pure-tone difference of 24 dB, and a click-evoked pure-tone (2–4 kHz) difference of 9 dB. Recording time for the steady state protocol was 28 minutes (+/-11) compared to 24 minutes (+/- 9) of the ABR protocol. Degree of loss had a significant effect on steady state; configuration of hearing loss had a limited effect. Mf ASSR predicted thresholds with relative accuracy although some configurations showed discrepancies for low-frequency estimates.

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Wang, Shenglin, Sheng Xu, Haihuan He, Haiyong Chen, Qingzhong Gan, Jiahao Yang, and Junjie Zhang. "Fast Evaluation Method for Steady State Frequency of Multi-DC Interconnected Asynchronous Power Grid after DC Blocking." Journal of Physics: Conference Series 2662, no. 1 (December 1, 2023): 012011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/2662/1/012011.

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Abstract For a multi-DC interconnected asynchronous power grid, to quickly evaluate the steady-state frequency after DC blocking, a fast evaluation method is proposed in this paper. Firstly, the power flow model was established, including the DC transmission system, each interconnected asynchronous power grid model. The steady-state operation state before DC blocking was solved. Secondly, considering the adjustment of the model after DC blocking, the steady-state frequency analysis model considering the effects of primary frequency regulation and various stability control strategies was established. Finally, a case study was used to confirm the effectiveness of the proposed method. The simulation results and analysis show that the proposed method is fast and accurate.

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Dobrijevic, Djordje, and Dragan Popovic. "An unified external network equivalent in steady-state security assessment." Facta universitatis - series: Electronics and Energetics 23, no. 2 (2010): 179–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/fuee1002179d.

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The basic objective of this paper is to present the relevant methodological and practical aspects of forming the unified external network equivalent. This equivalent consistently respects the effects of primary voltage and frequency control of external power system, including the real possibilities and limitations, as well as the effects of possible action of under frequency load shedding or under frequency protection of generator. The first practical experience in the application of the equivalent has been gained on an example of the synchronous parallel operation of the 2nd UCTE Synchronous Zone. The results obtained show a very good accuracy of unified external network equivalent formed and also show the very high speed of steady-state security assessment in context of real interconnection.

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Kang, I. S., and L. G. Leal. "Small-amplitude perturbations of shape for a nearly spherical bubble in an inviscid straining flow (steady shapes and oscillatory motion)." Journal of Fluid Mechanics 187 (February 1988): 231–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0022112088000412.

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The method of domain perturbations is used to study the problem of a nearly spherical bubble in an inviscid, axisymmetric straining flow. Steady-state shapes and axisymmetric oscillatory motions are considered. The steady-state solutions suggest the existence of a limit point at a critical Weber number, beyond which no solution exists on the steady-state solution branch which includes the spherical equilibrium state in the absence of flow (e.g. the critical value of 1.73 is estimated from the third-order solution). In addition, the first-order steady-state shape exhibits a maximum radius at θ = ⅙π which clearly indicates the barrel-like shape that was found earlier via numerical finite-deformation theories for higher Weber numbers. The oscillatory motion of a nearly spherical bubble is considered in two different ways. First, a small perturbation to a spherical base state is studied with the ad hoc assumption that the steady-state shape is spherical for the complete Weber-number range of interest. This analysis shows that the frequency of oscillation decreases as Weber number increases, and that a spherical bubble shape is unstable if Weber number is larger than 4.62. Secondly, the correct steady-state shape up to O(W) is included to obtain a rigorous asymptotic formula for the frequency change at small Weber number. This asymptotic analysis also shows that the frequency decreases as Weber number increases; for example, in the case of the principal mode (n = 2), ω2 = ω00(1−0.31W), where ω0 is the oscillation frequency of a bubble in a quiescent fluid.

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Stürzebecher, Ekkehard, Mario Cebulla, Claus Elberling, and Thomas Berger. "New Efficient Stimuli for Evoking Frequency-Specific Auditory Steady-State Responses." Journal of the American Academy of Audiology 17, no. 06 (June 2006): 448–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.3766/jaaa.17.6.6.

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ASSR is a promising tool for the objective frequency-specific assessment of hearing thresholds in children. The stimulus generally used for ASSR recording (single amplitude-modulated carrier) only activates a small area on the basilar membrane. Therefore, the response amplitude is low. A stimulus with a broader frequency spectrum can be composed by adding several cosines whose frequency intervals comply with the desired stimulus repetition rate. Compensation of the travelling wave delay on the basilar membrane is possible with a stimulus of this type. Through this, a better synchronization of the neural response can be obtained and, as a result, higher response amplitudes can be expected, particularly for low-frequency stimuli. The additional introduction of a frequency offset enables the use of a q-sample test for the response detection, especially important at 500 Hz. The results of investigations carried out on a large group of normally hearing test subjects have confirmed the efficiency of this stimulus design. The new stimuli lead to significantly improved ASSRs with higher SNRs and thus higher detection rates and shorter detection times.

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Chu, Zhaobi, Yan Wang, Min Zhu, Xueping Dong, and Hua Li. "A Robust Online Identification of Sustained Low Frequency Oscillation in Steady-State Power Systems." Mathematical Problems in Engineering 2019 (June 10, 2019): 1–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2019/8435838.

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For sustained low frequency oscillations in steady-state power systems, an algorithm is proposed for precise online identification of oscillation frequency, oscillation amplitude, and fundamental amplitude. The algorithm consists of a robust low frequency estimator and a notch filter in parallel. The asymptotical convergence property is analyzed by slow integral manifold, averaging method, and Lyapunov stability theorem sequentially. The steady-state antinoise property is investigated by perturbed system theorem. The robust advantages of the proposed algorithm are embodied in the following aspects: the fundamental amplitude identification is little influenced by oscillation frequency and oscillation amplitude, both oscillation frequency identification and oscillation amplitude identification have small steady-state errors under high order harmonics or bounded noises, the ramp variations of both fundamental amplitude and oscillation amplitude are also significantly tracked, and three design parameters have different effects on identification performance of oscillation frequency, oscillation amplitude, and fundamental amplitude, respectively. Simulation results verify the validity.

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Wang, Yi-Feng, Gang-Shu Dai, Feng Liu, Zhi-Liang Long, Jin H. Yan, and Hua-Fu Chen. "Steady-state BOLD Response to Higher-order Cognition Modulates Low-Frequency Neural Oscillations." Journal of Cognitive Neuroscience 27, no. 12 (December 2015): 2406–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.1162/jocn_a_00864.

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Steady-state responses (SSRs) reflect the synchronous neural oscillations evoked by noninvasive and consistently repeated stimuli at the fundamental or harmonic frequencies. The steady-state evoked potentials (SSEPs; the representative form of the SSRs) have been widely used in the cognitive and clinical neurosciences and brain–computer interface research. However, the steady-state evoked potentials have limitations in examining high-frequency neural oscillations and basic cognition. In addition, synchronous neural oscillations in the low frequency range (<1 Hz) and in higher-order cognition have received a little attention. Therefore, we examined the SSRs in the low frequency range using a new index, the steady-state BOLD responses (SSBRs) evoked by semantic stimuli. Our results revealed that the significant SSBRs were induced at the fundamental frequency of stimuli and the first harmonic in task-related regions, suggesting the enhanced variability of neural oscillations entrained by exogenous stimuli. The SSBRs were independent of neurovascular coupling and characterized by sensorimotor bias, an indication of regional-dependent neuroplasticity. Furthermore, the amplitude of SSBRs may predict behavioral performance and show the psychophysiological relevance. Our findings provide valuable insights into the understanding of the SSRs evoked by higher-order cognition and how the SSRs modulate low-frequency neural oscillations.

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Cheng, Gong, and Jean W. Zu. "Two-Frequency Oscillation With Combined Coulomb and Viscous Frictions." Journal of Vibration and Acoustics 124, no. 4 (September 20, 2002): 537–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/1.1502670.

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In this paper, a mass-spring-friction oscillator subjected to two harmonic disturbing forces with different frequencies is studied for the first time. The friction in the system has combined Coulomb dry friction and viscous damping. Two kinds of steady-state vibrations of the system—non-stop and one-stop motions—are considered. The existence conditions for each steady-state motion are provided. Using analytical analysis, the steady-state responses are derived for the two-frequency oscillating system undergoing both the non-stop and one-stop motions. The focus of the paper is to study the influence of the Coulomb dry friction in combination with the two frequency excitations on the dynamic behavior of the system. From the numerical simulations, it is found that near the resonance, the dynamic response due to the two-frequency excitation demonstrates characteristics significantly different from those due to a single frequency excitation. Furthermore, the one-stop motion demonstrates peculiar characteristics, different from those in the non-stop motion.

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Serhiienko, S. P., V. G. Krizhanovski, D. V. Chernov, and L. V. Zagoruiko. "The use of non-steady state noise interferences to counteract passive eavesdropping devices." Radiotekhnika, no. 207 (December 24, 2021): 132–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.30837/rt.2021.4.207.14.

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The use of noise interference has become a common practice for information security. Recently appeared publications showing a potential possibility to use the noise radio frequency interference for information skimming by passive radio eavesdropping device. In particular, the vulnerability of the premises protected from eavesdropping devices is increased, if the radio frequency noising is switched on when confidential negotiations are being conducted. The use of radio noise waves energy for eavesdropping makes such devices invisible to nonlinear locators for listening devices if they activated only by noise signals. The paper shows that the use of non-steady state noise allows counteracting the unauthorized pickup of information. The analysis of non-steady state radio frequency noise effectiveness was carried out using the correlation receiver model. The correlation receiver has the highest sensitivity, and it works more efficiently with noise-like signals. It is shown that for counteracting the information pickup, it is necessary to use a noise, amplitude modulated by a random signal, whose spectrum coincides with a spectrum of a potential informational signal. Imposition a more powerful modulation noise to a weak informational signal makes impossible the information transfer. It is shown on the example of changing the power of a monochromatic signal while “beetle” transmits using steady-state and non-steady state noises, that due to the signal energy parametric redistribution over the non-steady-state noise modulation spectrum, the power of monochromatic signal is reduced by more than 10 dB compared to the transmission of the same signal using a steady-state noise. It can be concluded that the use of non-steady state noise signals for radio frequency suppression makes impossible their use for passive eavesdropping devices operation.

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Cone-Wesson, Barbara, John Parker, Nina Swiderski, and Field Rickards. "The Auditory Steady-State Response: Full-Term and Premature Neonates." Journal of the American Academy of Audiology 13, no. 05 (May 2002): 260–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/s-0040-1715969.

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Two studies were aimed at developing the auditory steady-state response (ASSR) for universal newborn hearing screening. First, neonates who had passed auditory brainstem response, transient evoked otoacoustic emission, and distortion-product otoacoustic emission tests were also tested with ASSRs using modulated tones that varied in frequency and level. Pass rates were highest (> 90%) for amplitude-modulated tones presented at levels ≥ 69 dB SPL. The effect of modulation frequency on ASSR for 500- and 2000-Hz tones was evaluated in full-term and premature infants in the second study. Full-term infants had higher pass rates for 2000-Hz tones amplitude modulated at 74 to 106 Hz compared with pass rates for a 500-Hz tone modulated at 58 to 90 Hz. Premature infants had lower pass rates than full-term infants for both carrier frequencies. Systematic investigation of ASSR threshold and the effect of modulation frequency in neonates is needed to adapt the technique for screening.

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DUBKOV, ALEXANDER. "STEADY-STATE DISTRIBUTIONS FOR HARMONIC OSCILLATOR WITH VERY FAST FREQUENCY FLUCTUATIONS." Fluctuation and Noise Letters 11, no. 03 (September 2012): 1242009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0219477512420096.

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The moment and probability steady-state characteristics of harmonic oscillator with frequency fluctuations in the form of white noise are investigated. Based on well-known functional approach, we derive integro-differential Kolmogorov equation for the joint probability density function of oscillator coordinate and velocity. For white Gaussian noise, using a set of equations for joint moments, we reconstruct the approximate form of coordinate and velocity distributions in the limit of small friction. As shown, these probability density functions do not exist for zero friction because they cannot be normalized.

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Schiavi, Costantino, Filippo Tassi, Alessandro Finzi, Ernesto Strobbe, and Mauro Cellini. "Steady-state pattern electroretinogram and frequency doubling technology in anisometropic amblyopia." Clinical Ophthalmology Volume 10 (October 2016): 2061–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.2147/opth.s117803.

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Glaser, J. S., A. F. Witulski, and R. G. Myers. "Steady-state analysis of the constant-frequency clamped series resonant converter." IEEE Transactions on Aerospace and Electronic Systems 30, no. 1 (1994): 135–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/7.250414.

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La Gatta, Paula Oliveira, João Alberto Passos Filho, and José Luiz Rezende Pereira. "Tools for handling steady‐state under‐frequency regulation in isolated microgrids." IET Renewable Power Generation 13, no. 4 (January 25, 2019): 609–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.1049/iet-rpg.2018.5172.

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Pyragas, K., F. Lange, T. Letz, J. Parisi, and A. Kittel. "Stabilization of an unstable steady state in intracavity frequency-doubled lasers." Physical Review E 61, no. 4 (April 1, 2000): 3721–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.1103/physreve.61.3721.

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Lin, S. H., and A. A. Villaeys. "Theoretical description of steady-state sum-frequency generation in molecular adsorbates." Physical Review A 50, no. 6 (December 1, 1994): 5134–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.1103/physreva.50.5134.

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Panomruttanarug, Benjamas, Richard W. Longman, and Minh Q. Phan. "Steady State Frequency Response Design of Finite Time Iterative Learning Control." Journal of the Astronautical Sciences 67, no. 2 (December 18, 2019): 571–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s40295-019-00198-9.

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Shyu, Kuo-Kai, Po-Lei Lee, Yu-Ju Liu, and Jyun-Jie Sie. "Dual-frequency steady-state visual evoked potential for brain computer interface." Neuroscience Letters 483, no. 1 (October 2010): 28–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.neulet.2010.07.043.

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Trinchero, Riccardo, Paolo Manfredi, Igor S. Stievano, and Flavio G. Canavero. "Steady-State Analysis of Switching Converters via Frequency-Domain Circuit Equivalents." IEEE Transactions on Circuits and Systems II: Express Briefs 63, no. 8 (August 2016): 748–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/tcsii.2016.2530299.

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Journal articles on the topic 'Steady State Frequency'

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