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Qasim, Mehwish. "Socioeconomic status and outcomes post-surgery." Diss., University of Iowa, 2018. https://ir.uiowa.edu/etd/6627.
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Compared to wealthy individuals, individuals with low socioeconomic status (SES) often receive health services of lower intensity or quality and have difficulty accessing care. This is particularly true in the area of inpatient surgery. Individuals with low socioeconomic status are often less likely than individuals associated with high socioeconomic status to receive timely surgical care, and less likely than high SES to receive evidence-based treatments for surgical care. Despite these large gaps, there is a lack of consensus whether disparities in surgical outcomes are primarily due to differences in patient characteristics such as acuity or whether they are attributable to disparities in the quality of surgical care among those with access. The overall goal of this dissertation is to illuminate the relationship between socioeconomic status and surgical outcomes. The project aims are: 1) classify trends in post-surgical quality and analyze data on the relationship between socioeconomic status and surgical outcomes; 2) to evaluate whether changes in access to care can eliminate disparities in outcomes by analyzing the impact of the Massachusetts health reform on socioeconomic disparities in inpatient surgery; and 3) to show the potential effects of SES on surgical outcomes by using the Theory of Fundamental Causes. To meet the study objectives, this study proposes to use data from the Nationwide Inpatient Sample (NIS) and the State Inpatient Database (SID). This approach uses socioeconomic information in the NIS and SID that is a quartile classification of the estimated median household income of residents in the patient’s ZIP Code. The outcomes of interest are widely used quality measures: post-surgery mortality and complications at the national level, post-surgical mortality in Massachusetts for select inpatient surgeries, and difference-in-difference estimates. The approach used to identify trends in post-surgical quality uses two analytical software products to analyze the NIS using a regression-based approach. Study findings will identify progress and gaps in the quality of inpatient surgical care over recent years and further determine whether improving access to care through policy design can eliminate or reduce disparities in surgical care outcomes. In the face of health reform, this research will offer important insight into the study of surgical disparities and potential impact following health policy changes such as the expansion of Medicaid, implementation of health insurance exchanges, and the individual mandate requiring individuals to obtain health coverage.
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Rußmann, Vera Franziska Agnes. "Untersuchungen in einem Post-Status epilepticus-Modell." Diss., lmu, 2012. http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:19-148708.
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Waddell, Jasmine M. "Social citizenship and social status in post-apartheid South Africa." Thesis, University of Oxford, 2005. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.416817.
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Steger, A. J., J. C. Silvertooth, and P. W. Brown. "Timing Initial Post-plant Irrigation Based upon Plant-Water Status." College of Agriculture, University of Arizona (Tucson, AZ), 1995. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/210292.
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A two year study was conducted to determine the optimum timing of the initial post plant irrigation using leaf water potential (LWP) measurements. A short - season Upland cotton (Gossvpium hirsutum L.), variety DPL 20, was planted on 19 April 1993 and 15 April 1994 at the Marana Agricultural Center on a Pima clay loam (Typic Torrifluvent) soil. Treatments, designated Tl , 72, and T3, were such that the initial post plant irrigation would be applied when the midday LWP of the uppermost, fully- developed leaf exposed to full sunlight measured -15, -19, and -23 bars, respectively. All treatments received the same irrigation regime following the initial post plant irrigation. Basic plant measurements, including plant height, mainstem node number, fruit retention, number of nodes above the uppermost white bloom, fresh bloom count within a 166 -ft1 area, and percent canopy cover, were taken weekly from each plot. Soil -water data was collected at 10 inch depth increments, to a depth of 60 in. , from access tubes located in each experimental unit. Yields were 1112, 1095, and 977 lbs lint/acre in 1993 and 1082, 1035, and 964 lbs lint /acre in 1994 for T1, 72, and T3, respectively. Yields were reduced when the midday LWP was allowed to fall below -19 bars, however, reduction was significant (P 5 0.05) only in 1993. At the time of the initial post plant irrigation for each treatment, approximately 83, 62, and 32 % of the total plant available water was present in the upper 60 in. of the soil profile for Ti, 72, and T3, respectively.
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Dan, Östergren. "Automatisk kontroll av status för switch-portar." Thesis, Mälardalens högskola, Akademin för innovation, design och teknik, 2020. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:mdh:diva-51731.
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I stora nätverksmiljöer kan det idag vara svårt att få en komplett sammanställning av hur många switch-portar som är i bruk. Den lösning som vanligtvis används är manuell inloggning till aktuell switch för kontroll, ett moment med tidsåtgång och som ofta utförs vid enstaka tillfällen. Information riskerar därför att upptäckas för sent med en åtgärd som blir reaktiv. Metoder för att tillgängliggöra informationen på ett sådant sätt att den till stor del kan bli proaktiv kan istället möjliggöra åtgärder i tid men även tillhandahålla aktuell information mer lättillgängligt och i slutändan spara både tid och utgifter för ett företag. Arbetet inriktar sig på framtagandet av en lösning med specifika krav med en inriktning för att förenkla nuvarande moment; att på ett enkelt sätt kunna ta del av dagsaktuell information om status för switch-portar, att kunna få en övergripande bild av fördelningen av switch-portar för en anläggning och möjlighet för notifiering vid gränsöverskridelser. Inledande görs en undersökning av aktuella lösningar som finns att tillgå inom området idag, där flera visar sig ha brister men även saknar nödvändiga funktioner. Då de lösningar som finns tillgängliga idag inte stämmer överens med kraven finns en motivering till framtagandet av en lösning med egna funktioner. Den lösning som tas fram utvecklas med separata funktioner för att inhämta information, tolka, presentera och notifiera information för administratör. För att garantera en stabil lösning med kontinuerlig drift installerades en server i en extern datahall där en linuxdistribution användes. Två olika protokoll för inhämtning av information jämförs med praktiska tester, inloggning via SSH, samt SNMP-poll, där den valda lösningen bygger på SSH som metod på grund av säkerhetsaspekter, men där SNMP visar mer kompatibilitet mellan tillverkare och modeller av hårdvara. Vidare beskrivs tillvägagångssätt hos de funktioner som utvecklats för tolkning av inhämtad information samt de svårigheter som uppstått i samband med detta, för undvikandet av feltolkningar. Olika alternativ för presentation av information till administratör jämförs, där den valda lösningen blev åtkomst via webbsida, detta på grund av det grundläggande stöd oberoende av plattform. Något som exempelvis en applikation inte kan ge i samma omfattning. Bland de olika notifieringsmetoder som undersöktes föll valet även i detta fall på en plattformsoberoende metod, där notifiering via e-post ansågs både enkel att implementera och med ett brett stöd hos klienter. Varningar vid förangivna kriterier av antal lediga switch-portar kunde därmed tas emot av administratör. Samtliga funktioner fungerade vid utförandet som planerat och lösningen används av kunden. Det finns några förslag på förbättringsåtgärder där SNMP istället med fördel kan användas med bredare stöd hos andra tillverkare och modeller, samt även skyddsfunktioner vid tolkning av information.In large network environments today, it can be difficult to get a complete summary of how many switchports are in use. The solution that is usually used is manual login to the current switch for control, a step with time consumption and which is often performed on occasion. Information therefore risks being discovered too late with a measure that becomes reactive. Methods for making the information available in such a way that it can largely become proactive can instead enable timely action but also provide up-to-date information more easily accessible and ultimately save both time and expenses for a company. The work focuses on the development of a solution with specific requirements with a focus on simplifying current steps; to be able to easily access up-to-date information on the status of switchports, to be able to get an overall picture of the distribution of switchports for a facility and the possibility of notification in the event of border crossings. Initially, an investigation is made of current solutions that are available in the area today, where several turn out to have shortcomings but also lack the necessary functions. As the solutions available today do not comply with the requirements, there is a motivation for developing a solution with its own functions. The solution that is put together is developed with separate functions for collecting information, interpreting, presenting and notifying information to the administrator. To ensure a stable solution with continuous operation, a server was installed in an external datacenter where a Linux distribution was used. Two different protocols for obtaining information are compared with practical tests, login via SSH, and SNMP-poll, where the chosen solution is based on SSH as a method due to security reasons, but where SNMP shows more compatibility between manufacturers and models of hardware. Furthermore, the procedures of the functions that have been developed for the interpretation of collected information and the difficulties that have arisen in connection with this, for the avoidance of misinterpretations are described. Different options for presenting information to the administrator are compared, where the chosen solution was accessed via a website, this is due to the basic support regardless of platform. Something that, for example, an application cannot provide to the same extent. Among the various notification methods examined, the choice also fell in this case on a platform-independent method, where notification via e-mail was considered both easy to implement and with broad support among clients. Warnings for the specified criteria of the number of available switchports could thus be received by the administrator. All functions worked during the execution as planned and the solution is used by the customer. There are some suggestions for improvement measures where SNMP can instead be used to advantage with broader support from other manufacturers and models, as well as protection functions when interpreting information.
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Lam, Kai Chong. "English in post-1999 Macau : the functions and status of English." Thesis, University of Macau, 2007. http://umaclib3.umac.mo/record=b1783379.
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Halstead, Simon. "After Techno and Rave : Status and Validity in Post-Dance Music." Thesis, University of Surrey, 2009. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.518691.
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Bessudnov, Alexey. "Essays in occupational social class and status in post-Soviet Russia." Thesis, University of Oxford, 2011. http://ora.ox.ac.uk/objects/uuid:f325c98a-d765-468e-8e5b-74573315d4fe.
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The aim of this thesis is to explore several aspects of occupation-based inequality in post-Soviet Russia that have previously been given little attention in the literature. The data sources for statistical analysis are the Russian Longitudinal Monitoring Survey (RLMS) and the International Social Survey Programme (ISSP). Various statistical techniques have been used, such as regression models with random and fixed effects, nonparametric and semiparametric regression models, survival models and log-multiplicative models for contingency tables. First, the thesis looks at the validity of the application of the European Socio-Economic Classiffcation (ESeC) in Russia. The results show that ESeC classes in Russia are different in respect to several aspects of their employment contract, such as the probability of informal employment, the index of fringe benefits and unemployment risks. This confirms the validity of the ESeC for Russia. Second, the association between earnings and age is analyzed. The shape of cross-sectional age-earnings profiles in Russia is different from the shape in Western countries, especially for men. There is little variation in earnings across age groups, and younger men have higher average earnings than older men. The thesis suggests and discusses several explanations for this, such as age segregation in the labour market and the effect of class structure. Third, the thesis explores the class gap in mortality. Non-manual classes have lower mortality risks than manual classes, both for men and women. The size of the class gap in mortality in Russia is larger than in Western European countries. Fourth, the thesis constructs an occupational status scale and analyzes its properties. The scale is based on the information about intermarriages between occupational groups. The Russian scale is similar to the scales previously constructed for European countries and the USA. Overall, the thesis demonstrates similarity in the patterns of occupation-based inequality in Russia and in Western industrial countries. It also discusses some technical aspects of class analysis and suggests a more clear separation between the descriptive and causal logic within it.
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Al-Rayyan, Numan A. "Transcriptional and Post-transcriptional Control of Nhlh2 with Differing Energy Status." Diss., Virginia Tech, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/77123.
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Nescient Helix Loop Helix 2 (Nhlh2) is a member of the basic helix-loop-helix transcription factor family. Mice with a targeted deletion of Nhlh2, called N2KO mice, show adult onset obesity in both males and females. Nhlh2 regulates other genes by binding to the E-box in the promoter region of these genes. This transcription factor regulates many other transcription factors including MC4R and PC1/3 which are associated with human obesity. The Nhlh2 promoter has been analyzed for putative transcription factors binding sites. These putative binding sites have been tested to be the regulators of Nhlh2 by transactivation assays with mutant promoters, Electrophoretic Shift Assay (EMSA), and Chromatin Immunoprecipitation Assay (ChIP) as methods to investigate the DNA-protein binding.
The results of these experiments showed that the Nhlh2 promoter has five Signal Transducer and Activator of Transcription 3 (Stat3) binding site motifs at -47, -65, -80, -281, -294 and two Nuclear Factor Kappa-Light-Chain-Enhancer of Activated B Cells (NFκB) binding site motifs at -67 and -135. While NFκB acts as a negative regulator of Nhlh2, this research showed that Stat3 acts as a regulator for the Nhlh2 basal expression and leptin stimulation. The ChIP assay using chromatin from mouse hypothalamus and antibodies against Stat3 and the NFκB subunits P50, P65, and c-Rel demonstrated that all of these antibodies were able to pull down the part of the Nhlh2 promoter containing the binding sites of Stat3 and NFκB. The EMSA results not only demonstrated that NFκB and Stat3 binding site motifs are real binding sites, but also exists the possibility of a relationship between these transcription factors to regulate Nhlh2 expression with leptin stimulation.
An effort in analyzing the human NHLH2 3'UTR showed that one of the SNPs located at position 1568 in the NHLH2 mRNA (NHLH2A1568G) which converts adenosine to guanine might have the potential to decrease the mRNA stability. For more investigation about this SNP, the mouse Nhlh2 tail was cloned into 2 different vectors and these vectors were subjected to site directed mutagenesis to create the 3'UTR SNP that convert A to G. One of these vectors used luciferase as a reporter gene for expression while the other one was used to measure Nhlh2 mRNA stability. These vectors were transfected into hypothalamic cell line N29/2 to test the effect of this SNP on Nhlh2 expression. This study demonstrated that this SNP down regulated luciferase expression and also decreased Nhlh2 mRNA stability.
Taken together, this study demonstrated that Nhlh2 could be regulated transcriptionally by both NFκB and Stat3 transcription factors and post-transcripitionally by the 3'UTR SNP that converts adenosine to guanine.Ph. D.
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Stankus, Elena. "Biofuels in Russian Federation, Ukraine and Belarus: current status and future prospects." Master's thesis, Vysoká škola ekonomická v Praze, 2015. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-264629.
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The purpose of diploma thesis is to provide an overview of biofuels market in Russian Federation, Belarus and Ukraine and estimate prospects of future development. First chapter characterizes biofuels in regard of the feedstock and further utilization. Next part of the thesis describes development of biofuel industry in the key selected countries and analyses current trends on the global market. Next three sections review Russian, Ukrainian and Belarusian sectors of biofuels including feedstock potential, supportive policies, strategies, international collaboration and issues in biofuel production, distribution and consumption in each country. Last section of the thesis investigates potential from exported raw materials and its contribution to achievement of established targets with the following outlook for the future development.
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Nip, Wing Fai Rebecca. "Mood and food : an exploration of mood and nutritional status post-stroke." Thesis, St George's, University of London, 2007. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.497509.
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Page, Michael. "Modulation of root antioxidant status to delay cassava post-harvest physiological deterioration." Thesis, University of Bath, 2009. https://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.512379.
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Cassava ranks seventh in terms of worldwide crop production, providing a staple for over half a billion people. The production of cassava is limited by several factors, with post-harvest physiological deterioration (PPD) of storage roots a major constraint. PPD is a process initiated on harvesting and mediated by reactive oxygen species (ROS) that ultimately renders storage roots unpalatable and unmarketable. It is similar to a conventional plant wound response, but crucially lacks efficient wound repair and down-regulation of stress signalling. Therefore, the strategy utilised here to modulate PPD focussed on increasing the ROS scavenging ability of storage root tissue through a biotechnological approach. Three expression plasmids were produced, harbouring cassava genes encoding the antioxidant enzymes APX, CAT and SOD under the control of the storage rootspecific StPAT promoter. In addition, a reporter expression plasmid was created, with StPAT driving the expression of GusP. Transgenic Arabidopsis plants containing the StPAT::GusP cassette demonstrated root-specific GusP staining. Non-root tissue also showed wound-inducible GusP activity conferred by the StPAT promoter. This novel activity was detected almost immediately after wounding and occurred independently of ethylene, MeJa and ROS. The 3’ 261 bp of the StPAT promoter was sufficient to confer wound-inducible expression and contained putative wound responsive cis regulatory motifs. Analysis of PATATIN function indicated a role during early responses to wounding in the liberation of free fatty acids from cell membranes. Over-expression of the target genes in the model plant Arabidopsis increased the antioxidant enzyme activity in the roots of selected lines. Transgenic plants generally exhibited similar levels of oxidative stress resistance to wild-type plants, a result due in part to the efficient nature of the oxidative stress response of Arabidopsis – the APX activity of wild-type plants increased to transgenic levels under H2O2 stress. However, PPD in cassava is at least partially the result of a poor antioxidant response to harvesting, and so transformation of cassava with the expression plasmids remained a viable strategy. Transgenic cassava plants harbouring the expression cassettes are being generated and will soon be assessed for PPD resistance.
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Du, Preez Wanya. "The status of post-commencement finance for business rescue in South Africa." Diss., University of Pretoria, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/2263/29597.
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With the onset of globalisation and markets being exposed to the effects of global recessions and economic downturns, the fundamental principles on which business operates have changed substantially. Some businesses have thrived in this new context, whilst others have struggled to remain competitive as is evident by the increasing trend of corporate failures and the considerable increase in liquidations. As a result the concept of corporate renewal and business rescue has become an integral element of the strategy of organisations, particularly those that are financially distressed.South Africa responded through the introduction of the new South African Companies Act 71 of 2008, which came into effect in May 2011 and contained a new chapter called Chapter 6: Business rescue and Compromise with Creditors. However one of the critical components of the success of the business rescue, which has been largely unsuccessful to date, involves securing turnaround finance (post-commencement finance) to restore the company‘s financial health.The aim of this study was to find substantive evidence that the presence of post-commencement finance in South African companies does not exist, as opposed to the findings of international research, as well as the exploration and confirmation of factors that result in the successful raising of post-commencement financing.To this end, qualitative research with an exploratory design was conducted. Eighteen leading South African business rescue experts were interviewed to uncover their unique insights regarding this dilemma. The rich data that was unearthed was analysed using content and narrative analysis against the propositions derived from the literature. The empirical findings confirmed that the current level of PCF in South Africa is non-existent due to various reasons. A host of critical success factors and reasons for disinterest were identified which formed the basis of a framework informing the best practice guidelines when raising PCF. Some of these include many of unintended consequences of the newness of the Act, business rescue processes being left too late, the poor financial state of the business that eventually files for rescue and the significant impact on the outcome by some of the key players (e.g. the fiannciers and business rescue practitioners). These guidelines will solve the dilemma under review by benchmarking them to international best practice.Several important areas for future research emerged, alongside the recommendations of insights gained outlined for the various stakeholders.Dissertation (MBA)--University of Pretoria, 2012.
Gordon Institute of Business Science (GIBS)
unrestricted
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Johnson, Cinda E. "Using post-school status data for special education graduates for program decisions /." Thesis, Connect to this title online; UW restricted, 2000. http://hdl.handle.net/1773/7542.
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McGurk, Deborah W. (Deborah Williams). "Factors Affecting Post-Divorce Child Adjustment and the Impact of Family Financial Status." Thesis, University of North Texas, 1994. https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc500750/.
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Data from the National Survey of Households and Families were used to study the factors previous research identified as affecting post-divorce child adjustment. Responses from 358 divorced parents with custody of children under age 12 were analyzed. Special attention was paid to the effect of family financial status. The strongest predictor of problem behavior for both preschool children and school-aged boys was the amount of parent/child activity time. Older boys were also particularly sensitive to interparental conflict. Elementary-aged girls, however, were most affected by the presence of parental depression, which was found to be significantly associated with a decline in post-divorce family financial status. Only girls' problems showed a direct relationship with family income.
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Seeger, Natalie. "Prüfung des Erythropoetin-mimetischen Peptids pHBSP in einem chronischen Post-Status-Epilepticus-Modell." Diss., lmu, 2011. http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:19-133891.
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Rose, Peter Geoffrey Donald. "Fitness status and post-exercise inflammatory markers in 18-35-year-old males." Thesis, University of British Columbia, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/2429/5642.
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Acute physical exercise results in transient systemic elevations of cytokines. The
most significant elevation is seen in interleukin-6 (il-6). Elevated values of il-6 have been
reported to enhance fatigue and diminish performance during endurance exercise. A
delayed increase in C-reactive protein (CRP) has also been shown in response to il-6.
Persistent elevations in systemic interleukin-6 and C-reactive protein values have been
associated with increased risk of cardiovascular disease.
The purpose of this investigation was to determine whether differences exist in
resting and post-exercise measures of il-6 and CRP between trained male endurance
athletes and age matched untrained males.
Twenty-five eligible males were recruited; thirteen trained (T) mean (SD): age =
26.6(4.9) yrs, mass = 73.0(7.8) kg, height 179.0(5.7) cm, BMI = 22.6(1.4) V02 =
68.6(5.6) m1kg-¹ and twelve untrained (U): age = 23.4(3.8) yrs, mass 77.9(15.0)
kg, height = 179.0(8.7) cm, BMI = 23.9(3.0) V02 = 42.4(4.6) m1kg-¹. The two
groups were matched for age and body mass index (BMI) and differed significantly in
aerobic fitness and hours of exercise per week.
Days after an initial aerobic fitness assessment subjects were challenged
with a 45 minute cycle ergometer exercise bout at an intensity corresponding to
individual ventilatory threshold (VT). Serum il-6 was measured pre-exercise, 30 minutes
post-, and 24 hours post-exercise. Serum CRP was measured pre-exercise and 24 hours
post-exercise. 11-6 values were analyzed using a 2x3 mixed design ANOVA and CRP
using a 2x2 mixed design ANOVA.
11-6 values increased significantly in both groups 30 minutes post-exercise
[T Q<0.05) and U (p
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Moreland, Matthew Luke. "The status of the post-initial jod : evidence form British English wordlikeness judgements." Thesis, University of Reading, 2011. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.542267.
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Patton, Renita L. "Isokinetic strength status post anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction hamstring vs. patellar tendon autograft." Online version, 2000. http://www.uwstout.edu/lib/thesis/2002/2002pattonr.pdf.
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Faehmel, Babette. "CLASS, GENDER, AND DELINQUENCY IN POST WORLD WAR II HAMILTON COUNTY, OHIO, 1945-1961." University of Cincinnati / OhioLINK, 2000. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ucin971364074.
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Stroh, Katie. "Voice prosthesis use in the first two years of recovery status post total laryngectomy." Connect to resource, 2006. http://hdl.handle.net/1811/6497.
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Thesis (Honors)--Ohio State University, 2006.Title from first page of PDF file. Document formatted into pages: contains vi, 61 p.; also includes graphics. Includes bibliographical references (p. 42-45). Available online via Ohio State University's Knowledge Bank.
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Beckett, Sean Edward. "Environmental concern, race and socio-economic status in post-apartheid South Africa, 1996-2006." Thesis, Stellenbosch : Stellenbosch University, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/10019.1/85672.
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Thesis (MA)--Stellenbosch University, 2013.ENGLISH ABSTRACT: This thesis examines longitudinally the nature of environmental concern in post-apartheid South Africa. During the years of colonialism and apartheid, environmental policy making and implementation was characterised by environmental racism that focused on ecocentric notions of nature conservation and protection, to the exclusion of black, coloured and Asian South Africans. The post-apartheid government has attempted to rectify the exclusion of black people from environmental rights, by enshrining in the Bill of Rights the right to an environment that is not harmful to South Africans' health or well-being. In light of the Bill of Rights unique political and practical implementation in South Africa, and on the basis of a comprehensive review of the empirical and theoretical literature on environmental concern, two hypotheses were formulated for testing in this thesis. The first, which is informed by an environmentalism of the poor or “empty-belly environmentalism” theory, proposes that South Africans have become more environmentally concerned since the end of apartheid. The second hypothesis is informed by the post-materialist thesis, and examines whether controlling for socio-economic status eliminates difference in environmental concern amongst the various race groups. The research design applied in this thesis is a longitudinal analysis of secondary data, in particular World Values Survey data. The results of this analysis led to a rejection of the first hypotheses, and a partial rejection of the second hypothesis. Additionally, the results reveal that since 1996 environmental concern has become less influenced by race and class. The thesis also contributes methodologically to future research on environmental concern, by raising concerns about the operationalisation and conceptualisation of environmental concern in the World Values Survey.
AFRIKAANSE OPSOMMING: Hierdie tesis ondersoek die aard van omgewingsbesorgdheid in post-apartheid Suid-Afrika. Gedurende die jare van kolonialisme en apartheid was beleidmaking en -implementering gekenmerk deur omgewingsrassisme wat op ekosentriese opvattings van natuurbewaring en -beskerming gefokus het. Dit het tot die uitsluiting van swart, bruin en Asiatiese Suid-Afrikaners gelei. Die post-apartheid regering het gepoog om hierdie groot ongelykhede reg te stel, deur die reg tot 'n omgewing wat nie skadelik vir hul gesondheid of welsyn is nie, vas te lê in die Handves van Menseregte. In die lig van hierdie omgewingsbeleidspunte se unieke politieke en praktiese implementering in Suid-Afrika, en op grond van 'n omvattende oorsig van die empiriese en teoretiese literatuur oor omgewingsbesordheid, is twee hipoteses in hierdie tesis getoets. Die eerste hipotese, waaraan 'n omgewingsbewustheid van die armes of "leë maag omgewingsbewustheid"-teorie gestalte verleen het, voer aan dat Suid-Afrikaners sedert die einde van apartheid meer omgewingsbesorgd geword het. Die tweede hipotese, wat voortvloei uit die post-materialistiese tesis, ondersoek of die verskil tussen die rasgroepe in terme van omgewingsbesorgheid verdwyn as hulle sosio-ekonomiese status konstant gehou word. Die navorsingsontwerp van hierdie tesis is 'n longitudinale ontleding van sekondêre data. Die resultate van hierdie analise onthul dat omgewingsbesorgdheid sedert 1996 minder volgens ras en klas gestruktureer word; buitendien is die eerste hipotese verwerp en die tweede hipotese gedeeltelik verwerp. Hierdie resultate het kommer oor die operasionalisering en konseptualisering van omgewingsbesorgdheid in die “World Values Survey” gewek.
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Hickle, Kelli. "CURRENT STATUS OF CAROTID STENTING: A COMPARATIVE STUDY WITH CAROTID ENDATERECTOMY POST‐CMS APPROVAL." Thesis, The University of Arizona, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/528196.
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A Thesis submitted to The University of Arizona College of Medicine - Phoenix in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the Degree of Doctor of Medicine.In 2005, Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Services (CMS) expanded eligibility criteria for patients to receive carotid artery stenting (CAS) as an alternative to carotid endarterectomy (CEA). The goal of this study is to examine the outcomes of wider utilization of CAS and the sustainability of favorable outcomes reported in pre-marketing FDA approval trials. A cohort of 169 patients undergoing either CEA or CAS, at two institutions with CMS approval, and experience in both procedures was retrospectively analyzed for outcomes and their determinants. From 2007 to 2012, patients underwent either CEA (n = 70) or CAS (n = 99) at one of two institutions selected for study. The two groups had similar baseline characteristics with the exception of more symptomatic patients in the CEA group (55.7% CEA vs. 17.2 % CAS; p < 0.001) and previous stroke or transient ischemic attack (TIA) (72.5% CEA vs. 39.4%; p < 0.001). Lesion characteristics between the two groups differed in terms of the presence of a thrombus (16.0% CEA vs. 2.02% CAS; p = 0.002), stenosis 2: 80% (69.6% CEA vs. 95.0% CAS; p < 0.001) and length of lesion 2: 2cm (70.6% CEA vs. 24.4% CAS; p < 0.001). Major adverse events within 30-days of the procedure were higher in the CAS group (0% CEA vs. 5.05% CAS; p = 0.077), but not statistically significant. Three of the five patients who suffered a major adverse event had a stroke; all three patients were 2:80 years old, asymptomatic, and had 2: 80% stenosis. Acute neurologic events, including strokes and TIAs, were higher in the CAS group (1.4% CEA vs. 12.1% CAS; p = 0.016). No myocardial infarction occurred in either group. Minor adverse events occurred in 49.5% of CAS and 7.1% of CEA patients (p < 0.001). When total minor adverse events were subdivided by event type and analyzed, only hemodynamic instability was significantly different between the CEA and CAS group (1.4% CEA versus 41.4% CAS; p < 0.001). Asymptomatic CAS patients with high-grade stenosis (2: 80%) had more hemodynamic instability (p < 0.001) compared to matched CEA patients. Hemodynamic instability in CAS procedures correlated with embolic protection device performance issues (p = 0.004), successful stent placement (p = 0.018), and post-stenting dilation (p < 0.001). Post-market, real-world utilization of CAS results in higher rates of neurologic events and hemodynamic instability. However, overall stroke rate was comparable to that reported in pre-marketing FDA approval trials. CEA or CAS can be offered with a stroke rate ≤3% at institutions with large experience. CEA should remain the procedure of choice for asymptomatic carotid stenosis, particularly in elderly patients. Hemodynamic instability is a minor, but important, adverse event associated with CAS and should be further investigated.
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Andersen, Cristina Visona. "The impact of dieting status and restraint on post-exercise energy intake in overweight females." FIU Digital Commons, 2001. http://digitalcommons.fiu.edu/etd/1418.
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This study investigated the impact of an acute bout of physical activity on postexercise energy intake (PE-EI) in overweight females who were dieting with high restraint (D-HR) and non-dieting with either high restraint (ND-HR) or low restraint (ND-LR). PE-EI at lunch and 12-hours after was compared on the exercise (E) and a nonexercise (NE) day.
There was a significant interaction (F (2,33)= 4.12, p = 0.025) of dieting/restraint status and condition (E vs. NE day) on the 12-hour El. The D-HR ate 519 ± 596 kcal more on the E than on the NE day; while the ND-HR ate 177 ± 392 kcal less on the E than on the NE day.
The results of this study demonstrate that the impact of exercise on PE-EI is determined by both a physiological and psychological response. Dieting status, dietary restraint, level of disinhibition and cognitive factors may influence PE-EI and weight.
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Williams, Andreá N. Andrews William L. "Our kind of people social status and class awareness in post-reconstruction African American fiction /." Chapel Hill, N.C. : University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, 2006. http://dc.lib.unc.edu/u?/etd,380.
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Thesis (Ph. D.)--University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, 2006.Title from electronic title page (viewed Oct. 10, 2007). "... in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy in the Department of English." Discipline: English; Department/School: English.
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Orrmalm, Auran Alex. "Från pre-human till post-human : Embryots reproduktiva status i skärningspunkten mellan stat och medicin." Thesis, Södertörns högskola, Institutionen för kultur och lärande, 2013. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:sh:diva-19571.
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The aim of the thesis is twofold: the first aim is to identify a number of reproductive logics that are used to construct Swedish regulation of embryo donation for reproductive use as either ethical or unethical in the governmental – and medical discussions – and to examine how these logics are interconnected with notions of gender and parenthood. The second aim is to identify a number of tensions that arise in the application of the governmental ethical logic on the embryo and embryo donation and discuss how these tensions can be solved with a feminist material approach. I argue that the terminology used to distinguish between genetic, biological, social and legal parenthood in my material is insufficient for understanding the value of the embryo outside its pre-human status. I therefore argue for an embryonic feminist bioethics that is attentive to the embryos post-human status, and for a reformulation of the parenthood terminology in line with what I call „reproductive ties‟.
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Dark, K. R. "High status sites, kingship and state formation in post-Roman western Britain, AD 400-700." Thesis, University of Cambridge, 1989. https://www.repository.cam.ac.uk/handle/1810/272349.
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Adjabeng, Stanley Kafui Kofi. "The Status and Challenges of Online Distance Education Programs in Post-Secondary Institutions in Ghana." Thesis, University of North Texas, 2017. https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc984234/.
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The purpose of this study was to identify the status and challenges of online distance education programs in post-secondary institutions in Ghana. This study was a replication of a similar study conducted in Kenya in 2009, at the University of Nairobi and Kenyatta University. This present study was conducted with an online survey using Google survey assessment. The survey requested responses from six post-secondary institutions in Ghana. Out of a total of 450 projected student responses, 309 responses were received with a 69% participation rate. A total of 14 responses were received for instructors out of a projected 30 resulting in 47% participation rate. And for administrators, 8 responses were received out of a projected 12 resulting in a 67% participation rate. Overall the study revealed that Ghana post-secondary institutions have established and incorporated online distance education into their programs, offering both online and blended courses. Some of these institutions established regional centers across the country and incorporated foreign instructors into their programs. The survey also revealed that students were satisfied with the overall online distance education program in their institutions which included the level of instruction, feedback and evaluation. However, there were still challenges revealed from the study that included the high cost of education, frequent power outages, school stoppages as a result of instructor strikes and the need to restructure courses to include projects.
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Triantafillidis, Iosifina Artemis <1994>. "The present status of Sino-Greek cooperation : the case study of the port of Piraeus." Master's Degree Thesis, Università Ca' Foscari Venezia, 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/10579/14332.
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In my thesis I will try to analyze the present situation of the Sino-Greek cooperation, under three points of view.
First of all under an Historical point of view. Starting from the very beginning in 1969 till 2017. Focusing on the main political, economical and cultural events and exchanges. In particular all the events that brought to the privatization of the Piraeus port and the consequences and reactions to it.
Second under the Piraeus port developments point of view. Analyzing the port in numbers before and after the privatization, demonstrating the quick increase of the development in recent years. Then focusing on the working conditions in the Piraeus port after the presence of the COSCO Group that raised the dissatisfaction among the dockworkers. Seeing how this relationship changed from 2013 till nowadays. What the workers want and what is the answer from the employers part.
Third under the “One Belt One Road Project” point of view. Analyzing the cooperation of these two countries in this initiative, in the financial interest, in the infrastructural interest an in the political one.
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Bir, Akturk Esra. "Marital Satisfaction In Turkish Remarried Families: Comparison Among Marital Status, Effect Of Stepchildren, And Contributing Factors." Master's thesis, METU, 2006. http://etd.lib.metu.edu.tr/upload/12607382/index.pdf.
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The main purpose of the present study was to compare marital satisfaction among marital status (first married, post-divorce remarried and post-bereavement remarried) and gender. In addition, the current study aimed to investigate the effect of stepchildren on marital satisfaction of remarried individuals. Besides, it was also aimed to investigate the predictive power of demographic and contextual variables on marital satisfaction of first married families, of post-divorce remarried families, of post bereavement remarried families, and of those who had stepchildren. Dyadic Adjustment Scale (DAS) and Demographic Information Form were administered 116 first married and 223 remarried individuals. To test the hypotheses of the study ANOVA, ANCOVA, and Stepwise Multiple Regression Analyses were performed. Results revealed that men had higher level of marital satisfaction than women. However, there was no significant difference between the marital satisfaction of first married individuals, post-divorce remarried individuals, and post-bereavement remarried individuals. It was also found that remarried individuals with residential stepchildren had lower marital satisfaction than remarried individuals with non-residential stepchildren and those without stepchildren. In addition, results yielded that for first married individuals length of marriage and incomefor post-divorce remarried individuals gender and presence of mutual children
for post-bereavement remarried individuals length of current marriage and income
and for those with stepchildren only residence of stepchildren significantly predicted marital satisfaction. The findings of the study were discussed in the light of relevant literature
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Kinsella, Michael. "Poet to poet : Seamus Heaney's Wordsworth." Thesis, University of York, 2003. http://etheses.whiterose.ac.uk/14185/.
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Bender, Lucas Rambo. "Du Fu: Poet Historian, Poet Sage." Thesis, Harvard University, 2016. http://nrs.harvard.edu/urn-3:HUL.InstRepos:33493294.
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This dissertation argues that Du Fu’s (712-770) ascent to the pinnacle of the Chinese literary pantheon was bound up with a revolution in the ways poetry was understood to be a serious endeavor. In Du Fu’s time, poetry had been valued for sustaining a time-transcending ritual institution descended from the ancient sages. Those later critics who placed Du Fu at the center of the poetic canon, by contrast, have generally located the his verse’s “serious” value in its embodiment of admirably accurate and appropriately felt perceptions of the precise historical circumstances that occasioned its composition. Although these latter critics have often claimed great antiquity for this latter vision of poetry’s moral significance, I argue that it was not an intellectual possibility in the Tang, and that it only came to be broadly persuasive when Du Fu’s collection was extensively remade through the addition of commentarial and contextualizing paratexts that were previously unprecedented within the Chinese critical tradition. Placed back into its original intellectual and material context, then, Du Fu’s poetry reads very differently than it has to post-medieval critics.
It was, however, no coincidence that Du Fu was chosen as the center of this radical reinvention of the Chinese poetic tradition. It is possible to trace in the poet’s early collection a process of divergence from the norms of his time, leading ultimately to the creation of a new poetic language that does in fact raise many of the questions that Du Fu’s most influential critics have sought to answer. Yet this new poetic language never fully delivers the reassuring claim that these later critics have seen in his collection: that the good man will always be able to understand and movingly convey the moral truth of his experience. Instead of demonstrating the poet’s apprehension of such natural and given truth, Du Fu’s mature verse dramatizes itself as within the process of seeking for sense, a process that it leaves always open and unfinished.East Asian Languages and Civilizations
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Kurbanova, Mohira R. "The Role of Traditional Gender Ideologies in the Empowerment of Women in Post Soviet Uzbekistan." Ohio University / OhioLINK, 2005. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ohiou1125522866.
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Kahts, Samantha Andrea. "Fundamental movement skill proficiency status of girls aged 9-to-12 years from previously disadvantaged communities in Nelson Mandela Bay." Thesis, Nelson Mandela Metropolitan University, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/10948/d1021035.
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Problem Statement A lack of fundamental movement skill (FMS) proficiency in children can contribute to decreased physical activity (PA) levels, increased adiposity and poor acquisition of specialised sport specific movement skills. To prevent the latter, the identification of FMS status in early and middle childhood years is needed for targeted and specific interventions. Against the backdrop of physical education being omitted from the South African school curriculum, the presence of a patriarchal society, gender sporting stereotyping, high levels of unemployment and low education levels; the assessment of FMS status is particularly warranted. Aim of Study The primary aim of this study was to assess the FMS proficiency of girls aged 9-to-12 years from previously disadvantaged communities within Nelson Mandela Bay. Methodology A descriptive-exploratory-contextual study design, employing quantitative assessment techniques, was utilized. The sample comprised of 227 girls. Convenience sampling was employed. Testing consisted of FMS proficiency tests in the 20m and 40m sprint, standing long jump, throwing for distance, catching, static balance and throwing for accuracy. FMS process scores were assessed with the body component (BC) and Test of Gross Motor Development II (TGMD II) approaches. Anthropometric measurements of the standing and seated height, mass, arm span and leg length were additionally measured. Microsoft Excel® and Statistica® were used for descriptive and inferential statistical analysis. In the case of significant ANOVA results, the Scheffe post hoc test was used for pairwise comparisons. Statistical significance was set at p<.05 and practical significance (Cohen’s d) was set at d>.2. Pearson Correlation Coefficient identified statistical and practical correlations between two variables and chi square was applied to indicate differences in frequency distribution tables. Cramer’s V values were applied to determine practical significance in the case where statistical significant differences were identified between sets of frequency distributions The BC approach indicated that most participants could not proficiently perform the run for speed (94.71 percent), standing long jump (96.9 percent) or throw for distance (83.56 percent). Only the catch was performed proficiently (91.19 percent). TGMD II results for the present study indicated that participants’ run for speed (100 percent) and catch (96.92 percent) were performed proficiently and their standing long jump (93.78 percent) and throw for distance (83.56 percent) process scores were performed least proficiently. Only the catch composite BC scores had a statistically (df=1.31; f=3.24; p=.024) and practically significant (d=0.82) improvement in the BC scores between the age groups 9 and 12 years. Only the standing long jump, throw for distance and throw for accuracy product scores improved statically and practically significantly with aging (p<.05; d>.2). Hence the further participants jumped, the faster they ran. Standing and seated height, weight and arm span improved statistically and practically significantly with age (p<.05; d>.2). All anthropometric variables, except for leg length, had a positive medium correlation (r=.335 to r=.439) with balance errors and this was only in 12 year olds. The throw for distance product scores had a medium correlation to seated height (r=.32) and arm span (r=.33). The run for speed had a medium correlation (r=.313) with mass. According to the IOTF classifications 24.67 percent of children were overweight and 7.49 percent of children were obese. Statistically significant differences were found for the run for speed (df=224; f=27.07; p=2.9E-11) and standing long jump (df=224; f=15.68; p=4.2E-07) when comparing product scores to normal weight, overweight and obese participants. These differences were furthermore found to be of medium to large practical significance between the normal and obese participants for the run for speed (d=0.61 to d=1.77) and Standing Long Jump (d=0.40 to d=1.33). On average 50 percent and 55 percent of participants partook 60 minutes or more of PA after school on week days and on weekend’s respectively. This PA consisted mostly of running and ball games. Only 10 percent of participants had commenced with menarche Conclusion Findings have highlighted the need for specifically targeted FMS interventions at an early age in female learners from previously disadvantaged communities. Both a product and process FMS assessment is warranted as this facilitates deductions about movement proficiency levels. A FMS proficiency assessment protocol is needed for South African children which is internationally comparable. Childhood overweight and obesity impacts FMS proficiency and should be addressed in future research. Cultural norms, gender stereotypes and sport management structures at primary school level seem to be affecting FMS proficiency and should be addressed in future research
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Herget, Sabine, Almut Rudolph, Anja Hilbert, and Susann Blüher. "Psychosocial status and mental health in adolescents before and after bariatric surgery." Universitätsbibliothek Leipzig, 2014. http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bsz:15-qucosa-149664.
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Objective: As long-term results of conservative treatment for obesity are discouraging, bariatric surgery is becoming a treatment option for extremely obese adolescents. However, mental and behavioral problems need to be respected when treating this vulnerable target group. Methods: A detailed systematic literature review on pre- and post-operative depressive, anxiety and eating disorder symptoms of adolescent patients was performed in PsychINFO, PubMed and Medline electronic databases. Results: Twelve studies met the inclusion criteria. Although strength of evidence was limited, results suggested that pre-operatively a third of adolescents suffered from moderate to severe depressive disorder symptoms and a quarter from anxiety disorder symptoms, while a substantial number showed eating disorder symptoms. Post-operatively, levels of depressive disorder symptoms significantly improved. Original articles on outcomes of eating and anxiety disorder symptoms after weight loss surgery were not found. Conclusions: Further attention is needed on consistent clinical assessment of mental health disturbances and their consecutive treatment in adolescents. Future research should also focus on psychological and psychosocial predictors of weight loss after bariatric surgery.
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Garla, Ricardo Clapis. "Ecologia e conservação dos tubarões do arquipélago de Fernando de Noronha, com ênfase no tubarão-cabeça-de-cesto Carcharhinus perezi (Poey, 1876) (Carcharhiniformes, Carcharhinidae) /." Rio Claro : [s.n.], 2004. http://hdl.handle.net/11449/106576.
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Orientador: Alberto Ferreira AmorimBanca: Otto Bismarck Fazzano Gadig
Banca: Roberto Goitein
Banca: Emygdio Moreira Filho
Banca: Marcelo R. de Carvalho
Resumo: O presente trabalho visa gerar informações básicas sobre a ecologia e a situação populacional do tubarão-cabeça-de-cesto Carcharhinus perezi, lambarú Ginglymostoma cirratum e tubarão-limão Negaprion brevirostris no Arquipélago de Fernando de Noronha, com ênfase na primeira, por ser numericamente dominante. Utilizou-se a combinação de técnicas de marcação e recaptura e de telemetria ultra-sônica para fornecer informações sobre: estrutura populacional, distribuição espacial dos tubarões e de suas áreas de berçário, época de parto, padrões de movimentação e de utilização do hábitat. Amostras de sangue foram analisadas para caracterização sorológica das espécies. Foi implantado um programa de conscientização e educação sobre a necessidade de conservação dos tubarões, e realizou-se um curso de capacitação em Educação Ambiental para os professores do ensino médio e fundamental. A plataforma insular do arquipélago é utilizada como área de parto e de crescimento de jovens pelas três espécies de tubarões. Carcharhinus perezi apresenta maior segregação espacial por tamanho. Não ocorre segregação espacial em Ginglymostoma cirratum e Negaprion brevirostris pois foram observados indivíduos neonatos, jovens e adultos freqüentando a região próxima à linha costeira do arquipélago. Os tubarões utilizam com menor freqüência o trecho da Área de Proteção Ambiental (APA) do arquipélago, o que possivelmente está relacionado à intensificação da utilização humana e a indícios de empobrecimento biológico da região nos últimos anos. O monitoramento por telemetria mostra que: os tubarões jovens são residentes em trechos específicos do arquipélago; eles podem ser ativos a qualquer horário do dia, mas os maiores espaços de atividade e deslocamentos ocorrem à noite; aparentemente não existem variações sazonais... (Resumo completo, clicar acesso eletrônico abaixo)
Abstract: The aim of the present study is to provide basic data on the ecology and population status of the reef-shark Carcharhinus perezi, nurse-shark Ginglymostoma cirratum and lemon-shark Negaprion brevirostris at Fernando de Noronha archipelago, with special reference to Carcharhinus perezi, due to its numerical dominance. A combination of mark and recapture and ultrasonic telemetry methods were used to gather data on: the population structure, spatial distribution of the sharks, location of the nursery grounds, parturition time, patterns of movement and habitat use. Blood samples were analyzed for a serological characterization of the species. An educational program was established to increase the community awareness about shark conservation, and a capacitating course on Environmental Education was offered to teachers of the local school. The archipelagos insular shelf is used as a parturition and growing ground for young sharks of the three species. Carcharhinus perezi shows size segregation. Size segregation was not observed in Ginglymostoma cirratum and Negaprion brevirostris, and neonate, young and adult sharks of these species were observed to frequent shallow waters of the archipelago. Sharks rarely frequent the archipelagos Environmental Protection Area (EPA), which is probably related to an intensification of human use and evidences of biological impoverishment of this site in recent years. The telemetry monitoring shows that: the young sharks are resident and present site fidelity to specific portions of the archipelago; they may be active at any time of the day, but the larger activity spaces and excursions occur at night; apparently there is no seasonal variation in activity spaces and habitat use; and larger sharks have more extensive activity spaces. The main problems for the management and conservation of the sharks are:... (Complete abstract click electronic access below)
Doutor
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Mfeya, Nontando Hazel. "Status of farm dwellers in the Great Kei municipality post implementation of the security tenure act." Thesis, Nelson Mandela University, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/10948/14002.
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The period preceding and after the enactment of ESTA marks an increase in the difficulties faced by the farm dwellers in South Africa. They are still faced with illegal evictions. Their difficulties are marked with loss of land for food farming, loss of work, income and homes. Nevertheless, the introduction of ESTA in 1997 aimed at protecting and restoring the land rights of farm dwellers working on farms. Despite its existence there are still challenges of illegal evictions. This research focuses on difficulties faced by farm workers after the enactment of ESTA and investigate the process and effects of illegal evictions. The thesis adopts a qualitative research methodology that takes the form of a case study on two farms, Killarney farm and Shellford farm, where farm workers experienced evictions. The findings confirm that the farm workers are subject to illegal evictions. The evictions are due to the conversion of agricultural farms to game farming and also due to labour disputes. Poor living conditions are evident and farm owners conduct tacit evictions by imposing restrictions and threatening the farm workers who wish to stay on the farms. This thesis concludes by presenting suggestions that may restrict or put an end to illegal evictions. ESTA needs to be amended in order to ensure the security of farm workers who live on the farms.
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Jorgensen, Anita Michelle. "Longitudinal Investigation of the Biomarkers of Iodine Status in Pregnant and Post-partum Women in Perth." Thesis, Curtin University, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11937/76123.
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This longitudinal study found no significant change in iodine status, as measured by urinary iodine excretion, with advancing gestation in a cohort of Perth women (n=61). In addition, these women had adequate iodine intake despite the non-universal use of iodine supplementation. These results challenge the NHMRC recommendation for all Perth pregnant and breastfeeding women to use daily iodine-containing supplements. However, future research with larger and more representative samples should be conducted to validate these outcomes.
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Jarvius, Malin. "Visualization of Protein Activity Status in situ Using Proximity Ligation Assays." Doctoral thesis, Uppsala universitet, Molekylära verktyg, 2010. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-131934.
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In 2001 the human proteome organization (HUPO) was created with the ambition to identify and characterize all proteins encoded in the human genome according to several criteria; their expression levels in different tissues and under different conditions; the sub-cellular localization; post-translational modifications; interactions, and if possible also the relationship between their structure and function.When the knowledge of different proteins and their potential interactions increases, so does the need for methods able to unravel the nature of molecular processes in cells and organized tissues, and ultimately for clinical use in samples obtained from patients. The in situ proximity ligation assay (in situ PLA) was developed to provide localized detection of proteins, post-translational modifications and protein-protein interactions in fixed cells and tissues. Dual recognition of the target or interacting targets is a prerequisite for the creation of a circular reporter DNA molecule, which subsequently is locally amplified for visualization of individual protein molecules in single cells. These features offer the high sensitivity and selectivity required for detection of even rare target molecules. Herein in situ PLA was first established and then employed as a tool for detection of both interactions and post-translational modifications in cultured cells and tissue samples. In situ PLA was also adapted to high content screening (HCS) for therapeutic effects, where it was applied for cell-based drug screening of inhibitors influencing post-translational modifications. This was performed using primary cells, paving the way for evaluation of drug effects on cells from patient as a diagnostic tool in personalized medicine. In conclusion, this thesis describes the development and applications of in situ PLA as a tool to study proteins, post-translational modifications and protein-protein interactions in genetically unmodified cells and tissues, and for clinical interactomics.
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Hall, Timothy W. "Surface, substance and the status quo pop cultural influences on architectural design /." Cincinnati, Ohio : University of Cincinnati, 2004. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc%5Fnum=ucin1085069145.
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van, Ierssel Jacqueline Josee. "Development of the Concussion Recovery Questionnaire - A Self-Report Outcome Measure of Functional Status Following Concussion." Thesis, Université d'Ottawa / University of Ottawa, 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/10393/39996.
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Tradition measures of recovery, such as patient-reported symptoms, objective measures such as balance, specific dimensions such as depression, fatigue, cognitive status, and exercise tolerance do not fully capture the impact of the concussion on performing individual activities and participating in life situations as experienced by the patient. No concussion-specific measure of functional status currently exists.
Objectives
The overarching purpose of this dissertation was to develop a concussion-specific measure of functional status. There were two specific objectives:
1. To examine the concept of functioning post-concussion;
2. To generate questionnaire items based on a conceptual model of functioning.
Methods
This dissertation follows the recommendations of the Association for Medical Education in Europe as a framework with which to meet the objectives. The first objective was addressed by (1) generating a list of concussion-specific concepts through a systematic review (Chapter 3), and (2) qualitative interviews with individuals with persistent post-concussion symptoms and clinicians with concussion expertise (Chapter 4). The relationships between the concepts that emerged from those studies are presented graphically in a conceptual model to meet the second objective. The concepts were then transformed into questionnaire items and pretested through cognitive interviews with individuals with PPCS and clinicians with concussion expertise. Finally, the questionnaire items were critically evaluated for proportion of shared content against existing measures used in concussion clinical trials by coding all items to the International Classification of Functioning, Disability and Health.
Results
Objective 1
Three main themes emerged from the qualitative findings: (1) functioning at the level of the individual and society; (2) environmental barriers and facilitators; and (3) capacity, defined as the length of time one could perform a task before the onset of symptoms, and the length of time it took to recovery from those symptoms.
Objective 2
The final questionnaire is presented as the CORE-Q, which is comprised of 53 items over three complimentary subscales, namely the Post-Concussion Functional Scale, the Concussion Modifiers Scale, and the Global Functional Recovery Scale. Each subscale corresponds to one of the three main themes. No existing outcome measure contained more than 40% of the content within the CORE-Q, or 55% of any subscale.
Conclusions
The CORE-Q is a unique measure of functional status post-concussion that considers functioning from a biopsychosocial perspective. Further studies are needed to assess the psychometric properties of the CORE-Q before it is adopted into clinical practice and intervention trials.
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Greene, ReAnna. "Enhancing communication through the use of augmentative and alternative communication in patients status post traumatic brain injury." Honors in the Major Thesis, University of Central Florida, 2011. http://digital.library.ucf.edu/cdm/ref/collection/ETH/id/388.
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Patients who suffer from traumatic brain injury often face communication deficits during their hospital stay. This thesis intended to examine approaches the nurse can use to facilitate communication in collaboration with the speech-language pathologist. A review of literature was conducted to examine current research on the most effective devices used to facilitate communication in this patient population. Research revealed that low-technology devices were the most effective means of communicating in the hospital setting. Barriers to effective communication were identified as lack of time, education and access to the devices. Recommendations for future research include developing a documentation component that emphasizes nursing assessment and intervention through collaboration with the SLP. Additional recommendations for research include the examination of impact of AAC use on patient satisfaction and outcomes. Communication using AAC is necessary in order to improve patient outcomes for traumatic brain injured individuals. This can be achieved through increased collaboration with the SLP, and increased nursing knowledge of the available devices and their implementation.B.S.N.
Bachelors
Nursing
Nursing
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Thompson, Richard David Colville. "The legal and political status of anti-Nazi resistance in post-war Western Germany, 1944/45-1957." Thesis, University of Cambridge, 2004. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.616141.
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Atherton, Stephanie. "An investigation of the post-mortem status and mummification practices of avian votive mummies in ancient Egypt." Thesis, University of Manchester, 2012. http://www.manchester.ac.uk/escholar/uk-ac-man-scw:194645.
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Animals were viewed in ancient Egypt as pets and food; and as religious avatars,divided into cult and votive types (Ikram, 2005a). Research indicated that votivemummies were constructed in two types: true, those which contained skeletalremains; and pseudo, and those which contained non-skeletal remains. Avianremains were particularly prevalent as votive offerings, although no focus on thefollowing aims had previously been ventured: 1) mummification materials andmethods used; 2) how these may indicate status; 3) how to predict which mummies contain true or pseudo remains based on their external appearance. A study group of 120 mummies identified as containing avian remains weresubjected to radiography (115) and light microscopy (5) to understand the aboveresearch aims. Variables were designed to understand the treatment of avian remainsin three stages: prior to and during mummification, and as a mummy bundle; andwere statistically tested against the external appearance of the bundle, to determine the connection between the contents and its container. The first two variables demonstrated much information regarding the thought-processes applied to the avian remains to create ‘complete’ skeletal remains in the mummy bundles, although were shown to not be statistically significant when tested against external appearance. However, the final variable demonstrated a predictive nature in that as the external appearance became more stylised, the appearance of pseudo remains was more apparent, and was found to work in reverse for true remains. The future path of such research will require larger sample numbers of provenanced materials, both chronological and geographical, to understand if museum collections are an unbiased representation of avian mummies from ancient Egypt.
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Wood, Tamara Michelle. "Nutritional Assessment of Rural Mossi People in Burkina Faso: A Comparison of Pre- and Post-Harvest Status." UNF Digital Commons, 2000. http://digitalcommons.unf.edu/etd/287.
Full textAbstract:
The purpose of this study was to compare the nutritional status of a rural population of Mossi people in Burkina Faso during the pre- and post-harvest seasons. Comparisons were made between the sample population and the American population, between the pre- and post-harvest seasons, between males and females in the sample population and between the various age groups in the sample population.
This nutritional assessment consisted of collecting demographical information, anthropometrical measurements such as weight and height, a clinical assessment to evaluate physiological signs of nutritional deficiencies and a food frequency questionnaire to describe the dietary practices of the population. Due to the potential risks of handling human blood, urine and feces, biochemical analyses were not performed in this study. Special attention was given to the nutritional problems most common in Africa: protein energy malnutrition, vitamin A deficiency, iron deficiency and goiter.
Adults in this study had an average body mass index of 19.1, classifying the adult population as "underweight". The population of American adults, however, has a tendency toward a body mass index in the slightly overweight category. The BMI range of adults in the study population was 12.9 to 27.8. A total of 36.9% of the adult population presented with some level of protein energy malnutrition while only 2.7% were slightly obese.
Seventy percent of children were below the 50th percentile on the 2000 Centers for Disease Control weight-for-height growth chart. A third of all children were below the 3rd percentile of weight-for-height. The vast majority of children in this study had a weight-for-height below the median, or "average", American child. The mean percent of median body weight-for-height for the child population in the lean season was 85.2% indicating that the median child in this sample population was mildly wasted. The mean percent of median weight-for-height rose to 94.6% in the post-harvest season indicating that the median child of the sample population was "normal" concerning wasting status.
The results of this study indicate that this rural population of Mossi people was less well-nourished than their American counterpart and that their nutritional status differed based on season (F=[4,177] 4.77, p=.03 for adults and F=[4,51] 8.56, p=.005 for children) but not gender (F=[ 4,177] .04, p=.83 for adults and chi square= 4.37, p=.22, df=3 for children) or age group for adults (r=.l 0, p=.29). In children, nutritional status was based on age group (but contrary to the expected outcome) with prepubescent children having lower weight-for-height percentiles than the under-five population (chi square = 40.34, p=.02, df=24). Nutritional status improved as predicted during the postharvest, or plentiful, season. Due to the lack of biochemical analyses, the potential vitamin and mineral deficiencies indicated in the brief physical examination were not confirmed. Vitamin A deficiency was the most likely nutrient deficiency; symptoms occurred in 51% of the population, primarily in adults and older children. PEM, although indicated by the anthropometric measures to affect 37.1% of the adult population and 55.4% of the child population, did not greatly manifest itself in clinical symptoms. The incidence of iron deficiency anemia was also relatively low with only 7% of the population presenting with pale conjunctivae, a potential, but non-specific sign of iron deficiency anemia. The goiter rate was also very low with only two cases occurring during the post-harvest season.
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Pillard, David Alan 1958. "Pre-Impoundment Estimations of Nutrient Loading to Ray Roberts Lake and Prediction of Post-Inundation Trophic Status." Thesis, North Texas State University, 1988. https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc331358/.
Full textAbstract:
Excessive nutrient loading of natural and artificial lakes has led, in some systems, to plethoric algal and aquatic macrophyte growth which can result in aesthetic degradation and undesirable tastes and odors. It would be advantageous to have some indication of the potential trophic status of a reservoir before it is filled. An objective of this study was to assess the water quality and nutrient loading potential of the tributaries entering Ray Roberts Lake, a large reservoir located in north central Texas. Samples from a maximum of thirteen sites were collected on the Elm Fork, Trinity River, Isle duBois Creek, and five additional tributaries. Data were also collected during six storms, from atmospheric deposition collectors, and from soil-water microcosms. The relationship between watershed landuse and mean water nutrient concentrations was evaluated. Significant differences will exist between the two major arms of Ray Roberts Lake: Elm Fork, Trinity River and Isle duBois Creek. While the majority of the annual phosphorus and nitrogen load entering both tributaries is coming from overland flow, the proportion is higher in Isle duBois Creek. Point sources in the Elm Fork contribute a larger percentage of the bioavailable phosphorus, which is significantly greater than in Isle duBois Creek. The water quality of Isle duBois Creek, especially nitrogen, is affected to a greater degree by the landuses in its watershed. Predictive regression models made accurate estimations of stream nutrient concentrations in Isle duBois Creek. The entire reservoir, upon reaching equilibrium conditions, will be classified as a eutrophic lake. The Trinity arm, with a higher phosphorus load, will display a higher trophic status. The Isle duBois arm has a lower phosphorus load which will give it a lower trophic status. The long hydraulic residence time of the two arms of the reservoir will remove nutrients upstream of the main body, thus contributing to overall better water quality in the main body of the reservoir.
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Christian. "Reflective habitus and crises of the field: status quo vs reform in Muhammadiyah in post-1998 Indonesia." Thesis, Curtin University, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11937/1355.
Full textAbstract:
This dissertation aims to explain how support for both maintaining the status quo and promoting reform emerged in post-1998 Muhammadiyah, and what caused these tendencies to emerge. To do this, I employ Pierre Bourdieu’s concepts of habitus, field and crisis, and use the methods of content analysis and active interview. I conclude by arguing that these two opposite tendencies emerge from the same reflective predisposition, and are responses to two different perceptions of the West.
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Byström, Gustaf, and Vincent Wretling. "Vattenkraftens ekologiska påverkan på älvar – en jämförande studie." Thesis, KTH, Mark- och vattenteknik, 2014. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-161062.
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EU och Sverige har satt mål kring att öka användningen av förnybara energislag samt mål om att uppnå god kvalitet i sjöar och vattendrag. Vattenkraften är avgörande för att uppnå målet om förnybar energi, men det finns frågor kring vilken effekt vattenkraften kan få för älvars möj-lighet att uppnå målet om god vattenmiljö. Denna studie syftar till att undersöka vilken miljöpåverkan vattenkraft har på älvar, och utvärdera i vilken utsträckning åtta olika älvar i norra Sverige uppnår vattenmiljömå-let. Studien bygger på data från den senaste klassningen av Sveriges vat-tenförekomsters ekologiska och kemiska status, vilken tagits fram av vat-tenmyndigheterna i Sverige och är direkt kopplad till de nationella vattenmiljömålen. Analysen genomförs genom att jämföra statusen i fyra reglerade respektive fyra oreglerade älvar i norra Sverige, och därigenom dra slutsatser om potentiell påverkan från vattenkraft. Resultatet tyder på att vattenkraft verkligen medför negativ påverkan på älvar, och i nuläget försvårar möjligheterna att uppnå vattenmiljömålen, då en tydlig skillnad uppvisas mellan reglerade och oreglerade älvar i hur stor del av älven som uppnår miljökvalitetsnormerna. Dock är det osäkert ifall det kom-mer göras så även i framtiden då definitionen av god ekologisk potential ger utrymme för tolkning, vilket skulle medföra att statusklassningen tappar sitt huvudsakliga syfte.
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Yao, Shey-Tzer. "The aural skills development program in music departments of two post-secondary institutions in Taiwan : status and recommendations." Virtual Press, 1990. http://liblink.bsu.edu/uhtbin/catkey/722777.
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Zhang, Heather Xiaoquan. "Maoism, the post-Mao reforms and the changing status of Chinese rural women : Chinese women speak for themselves." Thesis, University of Strathclyde, 2001. http://oleg.lib.strath.ac.uk:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=26530.
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This study analyses the implications of the state development strategies of the past four decades for gender relations in rural China. Based on rural women's own perspectives, the research examines their gains and losses under the Mao and post-Mao development policies, and allows women themselves to define their needs, priorities and interests as against those defined by the state. The research reveals a fundamental collision of the Maoist urban-centred development strategy of agricultural collectivisation with the interests of rural women. It demonstrates as well an essential congruence of the ostensibly iconoclastic Cultural Revolution with the orthodox Confucian patriarchal familial and state systems, and thus oppressiveness for women. The post-Mao reorientation of the official development strategy has brought a gradual shift in the function of the state, leading to a changing relationship between the state and women. Rural women, in this process, have acted as agents of change in both defying the state-imposed restrictions and contesting the patriarchal gender rules that have posed constraints on their lives. Women's actions as such have constituted an unprecedented challenge to traditional values, gender expectations and the existing political, social and sexual orders. However, rural women's inroads into male-dominated occupations and their hopes for further empowerment through education, training and employment, and through political participation and representation have been impeded by the structural urban-rural cleavage, unequal gender power relations, traditional ideas and male prejudice, as well as inadequate government actions. Sexism has simply assumed new forms: the gendered allocation of rights, opportunities and resources in the marketplace. Women are more able now to organise their independent interests and exert pressure on the authorities. Meanwhile, the growing gender inequalities during the economic transition call for a bigger role of the state in guaranteeing social justice and gender equity in the fresh redistribution of rights and interests.