Academic literature on the topic 'STATIC VAR SYSTEM'

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Journal articles on the topic "STATIC VAR SYSTEM"

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Osborn, D. L. "Factors for planning a static VAR system." Electric Power Systems Research 17, no. 1 (July 1989): 5–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0378-7796(89)90053-9.

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Wang, Hui Yu, Yong Zhang, and Jian Zhang. "Study on Real-Time Control of Power System Stability." Applied Mechanics and Materials 511-512 (February 2014): 1137–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.511-512.1137.

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This paper presents the design method Delays affect static var compensator WAN additional damping controller, containing static var compensator new power system, for example, through a controlled modal analysis to select Static Analysis conventional additional damping drawing's power compensator WAN input signal is calculated using the residue method to get its parameters, and then analyzed using delay-dependent stability criterion of conventional reactive power compensator damping controller contains additional stationary Delay power system stability, finalized the SVC gain additional damping controller based on delay stability analysis, the results show Delay Considered static var compensator additional damping controller not only can improve the damping characteristics of the system, but also has a certain time lag robustness.
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Padiyar, K. R., and R. K. Varma. "Damping torque analysis of static VAR system controllers." IEEE Transactions on Power Systems 6, no. 2 (May 1991): 458–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/59.76687.

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Karthik, B., Jerald Praveen Arokkia, S. Sreejith, and S. Rangarajan Shriram. "Three Phase Power Flow Incorporating Static Var Compensator." Applied Mechanics and Materials 573 (June 2014): 747–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.573.747.

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Application of Flexible AC Transmission Systems (FACTS) devices in a power system is a promising and more efficient way for the transfer and control of bulk amount of power. One of the problems encountered in power-systems operation is the generation of unbalanced voltages and currents in the presence of long transmission lines with few or no transpositions. This includes possible unbalances arising in source and load conditions, or indeed any items of plant such as shunt and series reactors. To improve or investigate these unbalance effects in any detail, a 3-phase load-flow solution that allows representation of all possible unbalances as they exist in the power-systems network without making any assumptions is essential. This paper deals with the three phase power flow incorporating Static Var Compensator (SVC). Here SVC is modeled using variable reactance modeling technique and incorporated into the single phase and three phase load flow. Newton Raphson power flow algorithm is adopted here. The performance of SVC to control the power flow and regulating voltage in the network is discussed. The performance analysis is carried out for 4 case studies namely single phase power flow, single phase power flow with SVC, three phase power flow and three phase power flow with SVC. The change in power flow and losses due to the unbalanced load condition in the three phases in illustrated. The studies are carried out in a standard 5 bus test system. Keywords: Three Phase Power flow, Static Var Compensator, Unbalanced system, Negative sequence components, Zero sequence components.
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Chen, JinBo, and WenYu Hu. "MATLAB Simulation Research on Static Var Compensator." E3S Web of Conferences 256 (2021): 01022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202125601022.

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TCR-TSC static reactive power compensator (SVC) is the most widely used in the field of power system reactive power compensation. This type of reactive power compensator can not only compensate the reactive power required in the power system, but also handle the over-compensation problem well. This paper will establish a MATLAB simulation model to simulate the TCR-TSC SVC, focusing on the dynamic reactive power compensation characteristics of the TCR-TSC SVC in suppressing voltage fluctuations. The simulation results show that the TCR-TSC SVC has a better dynamic reactive power compensation effect.
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Matsuno, Katuhiko, Takashi Nagasawa, Hiroshi Ohtsuki, Shuichi Ohnishi, Fujio Ishiguro, and Masatoshi Takeda. "Power System Stability Enhancement by Static Var System using Selfcommutated Inverters." IEEJ Transactions on Power and Energy 112, no. 1 (1992): 57–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.1541/ieejpes1990.112.1_57.

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Jain, Sandesh. "Voltage Control of Transmission System Using Static Var Compensator." International Journal of Science and Engineering Applications 1, no. 2 (December 1, 2013): 107–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.7753/ijsea0102.1004.

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Kemerer, R. S., and L. E. Berkebile. "Directly connected static VAr compensation in distribution system applications." IEEE Transactions on Industry Applications 35, no. 1 (1999): 176–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/28.740862.

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Kumar, Narendra, Shilpa Gupta, and Nisha Singh. "Restraining SSR with CDRPF-signal supported static var system." Sustainable Energy, Grids and Networks 16 (December 2018): 136–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.segan.2018.07.003.

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Nasir, S. C. Mohd, M. H. Mansor, I. Musirin, M. M. Othman, T. M. Kuan, K. Kamil, and M. N. Abdullah. "Multistage artificial immune system for static VAR compensator planning." Indonesian Journal of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science 14, no. 1 (April 1, 2019): 346. http://dx.doi.org/10.11591/ijeecs.v14.i1.pp346-352.

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Interconnected network of transmission and distribution lines lead to losses in the system and weakening the voltage stability in the system. Installing Static VAR Compensator (SVC) in power system has known to improve the system by minimizing the total loss and improve the voltage profile of the system. This paper presents the application of Multistage Artificial Immune System (MAIS) technique to determine optimal size of SVC. The performance of this technique is tested on the IEEE 14-Bus Reliability Test System (RTS). The optimization results show that the proposed Multistage Artificial Immune System (MAIS) technique gives better solution of SVC compensator planning problem compared to single stage Artificial Immune System (AIS) in terms of lower total system loss and improved minimum voltage magnitude.
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "STATIC VAR SYSTEM"

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Ruckdaschel, James David. "Harmonic Analysis of a Static VAR Compensated Mixed Load System." DigitalCommons@CalPoly, 2009. https://digitalcommons.calpoly.edu/theses/82.

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As power electronic based controllers and loads become more prevalent in power systems, there is a growing concern about how the harmonics generated by these controllers and loads affect the power quality of the system. One widely used power electronic based load is the Variable Frequency Drive (VFDs) used to vary the speed of an induction motor; whereas a common example of a power electronic based controller used in power systems is the Static VAR Compensator (SVC) for improving a system’s power factor. In this thesis, the harmonic content and overall performance of a system including both a VFD and a SVC will be studied and analyzed. Specifically, the cases of no compensation, static capacitor compensation, and power electronic based static VAR compensation are examined. A small-scale model of a system for study was constructed in lab. Several cases were then performed and tested to simulate a system which contained both fixed and power electronic based harmonic generating loads. The performance of each case was determined by total harmonic current and voltage distortions, true power factor, and RMS current levels at different points in the system.
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Silva, Aguinaldo Silveira e. "Placement and control of static compensators for power system stability." Thesis, University of Manchester, 1990. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.311620.

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Mandali, Anusree. "Voltage Regulation Control on a Power System with Static Var Compensator." Cleveland State University / OhioLINK, 2017. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=csu1504863882578828.

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Zhang, Zhengwen. "Fast response static var generator for improving the power system performance of an electric arc furnace (EAF)." Thesis, Aston University, 2002. http://publications.aston.ac.uk/11836/.

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Cascaded multilevel inverters-based Static Var Generators (SVGs) are FACTS equipment introduced for active and reactive power flow control. They eliminate the need for zigzag transformers and give a fast response. However, with regard to their application for flicker reduction in using Electric Arc Furnace (EAF), the existing multilevel inverter-based SVGs suffer from the following disadvantages. (1) To control the reactive power, an off-line calculation of Modulation Index (MI) is required to adjust the SVG output voltage. This slows down the transient response to the changes of reactive power; and (2) Random active power exchange may cause unbalance to the voltage of the d.c. link (HBI) capacitor when the reactive power control is done by adjusting the power angle d alone. To resolve these problems, a mathematical model of 11-level cascaded SVG, was developed. A new control strategy involving both MI (modulation index) and power angle (d) is proposed. A selected harmonics elimination method (SHEM) is taken for switching pattern calculations. To shorten the response time and simplify the controls system, feed forward neural networks are used for on-line computation of the switching patterns instead of using look-up tables. The proposed controller updates the MI and switching patterns once each line-cycle according to the sampled reactive power Qs. Meanwhile, the remainder reactive power (compensated by the MI) and the reactive power variations during the line-cycle will be continuously compensated by adjusting the power angles, d. The scheme senses both variables MI and d, and takes action through the inverter switching angle, qi. As a result, the proposed SVG is expected to give a faster and more accurate response than present designs allow. In support of the proposal there is a mathematical model for reactive powered distribution and a sensitivity matrix for voltage regulation assessment, MATLAB simulation results are provided to validate the proposed schemes. The performance with non-linear time varying loads is analysed and refers to a general review of flicker, of methods for measuring flickers due to arc furnace and means for mitigation.
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Habtay, Yehdego Tekeste. "Advanced static VAr compensator for direct on line starting of induction motors in an interconnected offshore power system." Thesis, Heriot-Watt University, 2002. http://hdl.handle.net/10399/371.

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Ahmed, Sheikh. "PMU based PSS and SVC fuzzy controller design for angular stability analysis." Thesis, Kansas State University, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/2097/20547.

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Master of Science
Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering
Shelli Starrett
Variability in power systems is increasing due to pushing the system to limits for economic purposes, the inclusion of new energy sources like wind turbines and photovoltaic, and the introduction of new types of loads such as electric vehicle chargers. In this new environment, system monitoring and control must keep pace to insure system stability and reliability on a wide area scale. Phasor measurement unit technology implementation is growing and can be used to provide input signals to new types of control. Fuzzy logic based power system stabilizer (PSS) controllers have also been shown effective in various studies. This thesis considers several choices of input signals, composed assuming phasor measurement availability, for fuzzy logic-based controllers. The purpose of the controller is to damp power systems’ low frequency oscillations. Nonlinear transient simulation results for a 4-machine two-area system and 50 machine system are used to compare the effects of input choice and controller type on damping of system oscillations. Reactive power in the system affects voltage, which in turn affects system damping and dynamic stability. System stability and damping can be enhanced by deploying SVC controllers properly. Different types of power system variables play critical role to damp power swings using SVC controller. A fuzzy logic based static var compensator (SVC) was used near a generator to damp these electromechanical oscillations using different PMU-acquired inputs. The goal was again improve dynamic stability and damping performance of the system at local and global level. Nonlinear simulations were run to compare the damping performance of different inputs on the 50 machine system.
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Banejad, Mahdi. "Identification of damping contribution from power system controllers." Thesis, Queensland University of Technology, 2004. https://eprints.qut.edu.au/15851/1/Mahdi_Banejad_Thesis.pdf.

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With the growth of power system interconnections, the economic drivers encourage the electric companies to load the transmission lines near their limits, therefore it is critical to know those limits well. One important limiting issue is the damping of inter-area oscillation (IAO) between groups of synchronous machines. In this Ph.D. thesis, the contribution of power system components such as load and static var compensators (SVC) that affect the IAO of the power system, are analysed. The original contributions of this thesis are as follows: 1-Identification of eigenvalues and mode shapes of the IAO: In the first contribution of this thesis, the eigenvalues of the IAO are identified using a correlation based method. Then, the mode shape at each identified resonant frequency is determined to show how the synchronous generators swing against each other at the specific resonant frequencies. 2-Load modelling and load contribution to damping: The first part of this contribution lies in identification of the load model using cross-correlation and autocorrelation functions . The second aspect is the quantification of the load contribution to damping and sensitivity of system eigenvalues with respect to the load. 3- SVC contribution to damping: In this contribution the criteria for SVC controller redesign based on complete testing is developed. Then the effect of the SVC reactive power on the measured power is investigated. All of the contributions of this thesis are validated by simulation on test systems. In addition, there are some specific application of the developed methods to real data to find a.) the mode shape of the Australian electricity network, b.) the contribution of the Brisbane feeder load to damping and c.) the effect of the SVC reactive power of the Blackwall substations on the active power supplying Brisbane.
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Banejad, Mahdi. "Identification of Damping Contribution from Power System Controllers." Queensland University of Technology, 2004. http://eprints.qut.edu.au/15851/.

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With the growth of power system interconnections, the economic drivers encourage the electric companies to load the transmission lines near their limits, therefore it is critical to know those limits well. One important limiting issue is the damping of inter-area oscillation (IAO) between groups of synchronous machines. In this Ph.D. thesis, the contribution of power system components such as load and static var compensators (SVC) that affect the IAO of the power system, are analysed. The original contributions of this thesis are as follows: 1-Identification of eigenvalues and mode shapes of the IAO: In the first contribution of this thesis, the eigenvalues of the IAO are identified using a correlation based method. Then, the mode shape at each identified resonant frequency is determined to show how the synchronous generators swing against each other at the specific resonant frequencies. 2-Load modelling and load contribution to damping: The first part of this contribution lies in identification of the load model using cross-correlation and autocorrelation functions . The second aspect is the quantification of the load contribution to damping and sensitivity of system eigenvalues with respect to the load. 3- SVC contribution to damping: In this contribution the criteria for SVC controller redesign based on complete testing is developed. Then the effect of the SVC reactive power on the measured power is investigated. All of the contributions of this thesis are validated by simulation on test systems. In addition, there are some specific application of the developed methods to real data to find a.) the mode shape of the Australian electricity network, b.) the contribution of the Brisbane feeder load to damping and c.) the effect of the SVC reactive power of the Blackwall substations on the active power supplying Brisbane.
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Goldoost, Soloot Reza. "Wide-area damping control through inverse filtering technique." Thesis, Queensland University of Technology, 2016. https://eprints.qut.edu.au/95937/4/Reza%20Goldoost%20Soloot_Thesis.pdf.

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This thesis proposes a new wide-area controller for enhancing the stability of power systems by damping inter-area oscillations. The obtained controller is a new nonlinear controller that accomplishes the task by using data from PMUs employed throughout the network. The controller improves the damping of inter-area oscillations by providing a supplementary control input for several controllable devices such as excitation systems of synchronous generators and Static Var Compensators. The novel nonlinear inverse filtering controller is developed and investigated in different network configurations in the thesis.
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Davies, Mark. "Control systems for static VAR compensators." Thesis, Staffordshire University, 1997. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.361648.

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Books on the topic "STATIC VAR SYSTEM"

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Wijnen, H. A. van. De macht van de kroon. 2nd ed. Amsterdam: Balans, 2000.

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Smith, Barry S. Ground-water flow in the shallow aquifer system at the Naval Weapons Station Yorktown, Virginia. Richmond, Va: U.S. Dept. of the Interior, U.S. Geological Survey, 2001.

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Smith, Barry S. Ground-water flow in the shallow aquifer system at the Naval Weapons Station Yorktown, Virginia. Richmond, Va: U.S. Dept. of the Interior, U.S. Geological Survey, 2001.

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Smith, Barry S. Ground-water flow in the shallow aquifer system at the Naval Weapons Station Yorktown, Virginia. Richmond, Va: U.S. Dept. of the Interior, U.S. Geological Survey, 2001.

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Smith, Barry S. Ground-water flow in the shallow aquifer system at the Naval Weapons Station Yorktown, Virginia. Richmond, Va: U.S. Dept. of the Interior, U.S. Geological Survey, 2001.

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Smith, Barry S. Ground-water flow in the shallow aquifer system at the Naval Weapons Station Yorktown, Virginia. Richmond, Va: U.S. Dept. of the Interior, U.S. Geological Survey, 2001.

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Office, General Accounting. Federal retirement: Federal and private sector retirement program benefits vary : report to Congressional requesters. Washington, D.C: The Office, 1997.

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Office, General Accounting. VA information systems: Computer security weaknesses persist at the Veterans Health Administration : report to the Acting Secretary of Veterans Affairs. Washington, D.C. (P.O. Box 37050, Washington, D.C. 20013): The Office, 2000.

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Office, General Accounting. Navy relocation: Transfer of the Naval Explosives Development Engineering Department : briefing report to the Honorable Herbert H. Bateman, House of Representatives. Washington, D.C: The Office, 1989.

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Office, General Accounting. Navy relocation: Transfer of the Naval Explosives Development Engineering Department : briefing report to the Honorable Herbert H. Bateman, House of Representatives. Washington, D.C: The Office, 1989.

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Book chapters on the topic "STATIC VAR SYSTEM"

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Lu, Qiang, Yuanzhang Sun, and Shengwei Mei. "Nonlinear Control of Static Var Systems." In Nonlinear Control Systems and Power System Dynamics, 309–42. Boston, MA: Springer US, 2001. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4757-3312-9_9.

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Priyadhershni, M., C. Udhayashankar, and V. Kumar Chinnaiyan. "Simulation of Static Var Compensator in IEEE 14 Bus System for Enhancing Voltage Stability and Compensation." In Lecture Notes in Electrical Engineering, 265–73. New Delhi: Springer India, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-81-322-2119-7_27.

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Tran, Le Nhat Hoang, and Thi Ai Lành Nguyen. "Optimizing Harmonic Filters in Static Var Compensator of Electric Arc Furnace to Enhance Power System Quality." In Proceedings of the 2nd Annual International Conference on Material, Machines and Methods for Sustainable Development (MMMS2020), 746–52. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-69610-8_99.

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Yarlagadda, Venu, B. V. Sankar Ram, and K. R. M. Rao. "Power System Generator and Voltage Stability Enhancement by the Hardware Circuit Implementation of 3-Ph Static Var Compensator (SVC)." In Mobile Communication and Power Engineering, 465–69. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-35864-7_71.

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Yarlagadda, Venu, K. R. M. Rao, and B. V. Sankar Ram. "Improvement of system stability margins using coordination control of Static Var Compensator (SVC) and Thyristor Controlled Series Capacitor (TCSC)." In Lecture Notes in Electrical Engineering, 207–15. New York, NY: Springer New York, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4614-3363-7_23.

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Dombo, Dereck, and Komla Agbenyo Folly. "Optimization of a Static VAR Compensation Parameters Using PBIL." In Advances in Intelligent Systems and Computing, 315–25. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-27400-3_28.

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Shirbhate, Archana, V. K. Chandrakar, and R. M. Mohril. "Congestion Management by Static Var Compensator (SVC) Using Power World Simulator." In Information and Communication Technology for Intelligent Systems, 161–71. Singapore: Springer Singapore, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-13-1747-7_16.

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Wang, Lei, Man-Chung Wong, and Chi-Seng Lam. "Minimizing Inverter Capacity Design and Comparative Performance Evaluation of Static Var Compensator Coupling Hybrid Active Power Filters (SVC-HAPFs)." In Power Systems, 129–49. Singapore: Springer Singapore, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-10-8827-8_6.

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Dash, Stita Pragnya, K. R. Subhashini, and J. K. Satapathy. "Ant Lion Optimization Technique for Minimization of Voltage Deviation Through Optimal Placement of Static VAR Compensator." In Advances in Intelligent Systems and Computing, 247–56. Singapore: Springer Singapore, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-15-4032-5_24.

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Wild, Paul, and Lutz Schröder. "A Quantified Coalgebraic van Benthem Theorem." In Lecture Notes in Computer Science, 551–71. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-71995-1_28.

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AbstractThe classical van Benthem theorem characterizes modal logic as the bisimulation-invariant fragment of first-order logic; put differently, modal logic is as expressive as full first-order logic on bisimulation-invariant properties. This result has recently been extended to two flavours of quantitative modal logic, viz. fuzzy modal logic and probabilistic modal logic. In both cases, the quantitative van Benthem theorem states that every formula in the respective quantitative variant of first-order logic that is bisimulation-invariant, in the sense of being nonexpansive w.r.t. behavioural distance, can be approximated by quantitative modal formulae of bounded rank. In the present paper, we unify and generalize these results in three directions: We lift them to full coalgebraic generality, thus covering a wide range of system types including, besides fuzzy and probabilistic transition systems as in the existing examples, e.g. also metric transition systems; and we generalize from real-valued to quantale-valued behavioural distances, e.g. nondeterministic behavioural distances on metric transition systems; and we remove the symmetry assumption on behavioural distances, thus covering also quantitative notions of simulation.
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Conference papers on the topic "STATIC VAR SYSTEM"

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George, M., M. B. B. A. Bakar, and K. P. Basu. "Optimal design of three-phase static var compensation system." In 2012 IEEE International Conference on Power System Technology (POWERCON 2012). IEEE, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/powercon.2012.6401375.

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Mahdavian, Mehdi, Ghazanfar Shahgholian, Peghah Shafaghi, Manijeh Azadeh, Saeed Farazpey, and Mohammadreza Janghorbani. "Power system oscillations improvement by using static VAR compensator." In 2016 13th International Conference on Electrical Engineering/Electronics, Computer, Telecommunications and Information Technology (ECTI-CON). IEEE, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/ecticon.2016.7560905.

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Chen, Xianming, Wang Heping, Wang Xiaohong, and Tong Wang. "Negative-Sequence Network Voltage Rejection for Static Var Generator." In 2006 International Conference on Power System Technology. IEEE, 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/icpst.2006.321699.

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Deryuzhkova, N. E., V. A. Solovyev, and A. V. Kupova. "Intelligent Control System for Static Var Compensator of Arc Furnace." In 2019 International Multi-Conference on Industrial Engineering and Modern Technologies (FarEastCon). IEEE, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/fareastcon.2019.8934436.

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Kapse, Rushali L., and Vinod Kumar Chandrakar. "ANN Based Static Var Compensator For Improved Power System Security." In 2023 Third International Conference on Artificial Intelligence and Smart Energy (ICAIS). IEEE, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/icais56108.2023.10073700.

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Alqatamin, Moath, and Michael L. McIntyre. "Nonlinear Adaptive Control for Power System with Static VAR Compensator." In 2018 IEEE Electronic Power Grid (eGrid). IEEE, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/egrid.2018.8598695.

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Shentu, Leixuan, Wei Dong, Junxiao Chang, Wen Hua, Chen Wang, and Di Zheng. "Mechanism and Suppression of DC Overvoltage of Static Var Generators." In 2022 Power System and Green Energy Conference (PSGEC). IEEE, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/psgec54663.2022.9881123.

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Swift, F. J. "Static VAr compensator to damp system oscillations in multi-machine power systems." In 3rd International Conference on Advances in Power System Control, Operation and Management (APSCOM 95). IEE, 1995. http://dx.doi.org/10.1049/cp:19951208.

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Susilo, Rizky Aprylianto, Ipniansyah, Qomaruddin, and Isa Mahfudi. "Improve Performance Electrical Power System on Mahakam System Using Static Var Compensator." In 2018 2nd Borneo International Conference on Applied Mathematics and Engineering (BICAME). IEEE, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/bicame45512.2018.1570510241.

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Nie, Wenyan, and Zhonggen Wang. "Research on static VAR generator based on the neural network." In 2011 International Conference on Computer Science and Service System (CSSS). IEEE, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/csss.2011.5972190.

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Reports on the topic "STATIC VAR SYSTEM"

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Seale, Maria, R. Salter, Natàlia Garcia-Reyero,, and Alicia Ruvinsky. A fuzzy epigenetic model for representing degradation in engineered systems. Engineer Research and Development Center (U.S.), September 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.21079/11681/45582.

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Degradation processes are implicated in a large number of system failures, and are crucial to understanding issues related to reliability and safety. Systems typically degrade in response to stressors, such as physical or chemical environmental conditions, which can vary widely for identical units that are deployed in different places or for different uses. This situational variance makes it difficult to develop accurate physics-based or data-driven models to assess and predict the system health status of individual components. To address this issue, we propose a fuzzy set model for representing degradation in engineered systems that is based on a bioinspired concept from the field of epigenetics. Epigenetics is concerned with the regulation of gene expression resulting from environmental or other factors, such as toxicants or diet. One of the most studied epigenetic processes is methylation, which involves the attachment of methyl groups to genomic regulatory regions. Methylation of specific genes has been implicated in numerous chronic diseases, so provides an excellent analog to system degradation. We present a fuzzy set model for characterizing system degradation as a methylation process based on a set-theoretic representation for epigenetic modeling of engineered systems. This model allows us to capture the individual dynamic relationships among a system, environmental factors, and state of health.
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2

Hamudi, Simbarashe. Perception of Taxpayers and Tax Administrators Towards Value Added Withholding Tax in Zimbabwe. Institute of Development Studies (IDS), July 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.19088/ictd.2021.013.

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Value added tax is a key tax for generating revenue in Zimbabwe and all African states, and for financing the budget in African countries. VAT revenue has an essential role in budgetary policymaking. Every year revenue authorities are not collecting large amounts of VAT for various reasons, including ineffective administration and tax evasion. This brings the question of the reform of the VAT system to the forefront. In Zimbabwe, attempts to improve VAT revenue collection have been made over several years. Hopes were pinned on the use of fiscalisation and audits of VAT refunds.1 However, traders continue to evade VAT – and this has led to the introduction of value added withholding tax to improve VAT revenue collection.
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Roux, Anne M., Jessica E. Rast, K. A. Anderson, and Paul T. Shattuck. National Autism Indicators Report: Vocational Rehab. A.J. Drexel Autism Institute, May 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.17918/nairvocrehab2016.

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Employment is about more than simply earning a paycheck - it influences quality of life, independence, and wellness. Historically, employment outcomes for adults with autism are poor. The U.S. Vocational Rehabilitation system (VR) is designed to provide support to states for implementation of services to assist people with disabilities to prepare for, find, and keep employment. VR data allow us to examine some outcomes for those with autism compared to their peers.
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4

Echevin, Damien, Bernard Fortin, and Aristide Houndetoungan. Healthcare Quality by Specialists under a Mixed Compensation System: an Empirical Analysis. CIRANO, August 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.54932/cttw3290.

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We analyze the effects of a mixed compensation (MC) scheme for specialists on the quality of their healthcare services. To do so, we exploit a major reform that was implemented in Quebec (Canada) in 1999. The government introduced a payment mechanism combining a fixed per diem with a reduced fee per clinical service. Using panel patient-doctor data covering the period 1996-2016 and including 320,441 patients, we estimate a multi-state multi-spell hazard model with correlated heterogeneity, analogous to a difference-in-differences approach. We compute three output-based quality indicators from our model. Our results suggest that the reform reduced the quality of MC specialist services as measured by the risk of re-hospitalization within 30 days after discharge and the risk of mortality within one year after discharge. These effects vary depending upon the specialty of the treating doctor.
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5

Wyndham, Amber, Emile Elias, Joel Brown, Michael Wilson, and Albert Rango. Drought Vulnerability Assessment to Inform Grazing Practices on Rangelands of Southeastern Colorado’s Major Land Resource Area 69. USDA Southwest Climate Hub, July 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.32747/2018.6947062.ch.

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Increased climate variability, including more frequent and intense drought, is projected for the southwestern region of the United States. Increased temperatures and reduced precipitation lower soil water availability, resulting in decreased plant productivity and altering species composition, which may affect forage quality and quantity. Reduced forage quality and increased heat stress attributable to warmer temperatures could lead to decreased livestock performance in this system, which is extensively used for livestock grazing. Mitigating the effects of increasing drought is critical to social and ecological stability in the region. Reduced stocking rates, change in livestock breeds and/or grazing practices are general recommendations that could be implemented to cope with increased climatic stress. Ecological Sites and their associated state–and-transition models (STMs) are tools to help land managers implement and evaluate responses to disturbances. The projected change in climate will vary depending upon geographic location. Vulnerability assessments and adaptation strategies are needed at the local level to inform local management decisions and help ameliorate the effects of climate change on rangelands. The United States Department of Agriculture (USDA) Southwest Climate Hub and Natural Resources Conservation Service (NRCS) worked together to produce this drought vulnerability assessment at the Major Land Resource Area (MLRA) level, based on ecological sites and state-and-transition models that will help landowners and government agencies to identify and develop adaptation options for drought on rangelands. The assessment illustrates how site-specific information can be used to help minimize the effects of drought on rangelands and support informed decision-making for the selection of management adaptations within MLRA 69.
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Bielinskyi, Andrii O., Serhii V. Hushko, Andriy V. Matviychuk, Oleksandr A. Serdyuk, Сергій Олексійович Семеріков, Володимир Миколайович Соловйов, Андрій Іванович Білінський, Андрій Вікторович Матвійчук, and О. А. Сердюк. Irreversibility of financial time series: a case of crisis. Криворізький державний педагогічний університет, December 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.31812/123456789/6975.

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The focus of this study to measure the varying irreversibility of stock markets. A fundamental idea of this study is that financial systems are complex and nonlinear systems that are presented to be non-Gaussian fractal and chaotic. Their complexity and different aspects of nonlinear properties, such as time irreversibility, vary over time and for a long-range of scales. Therefore, our work presents approaches to measure the complexity and irreversibility of the time series. To the presented methods we include Guzik’s index, Porta’s index, Costa’s index, based on complex networks measures, Multiscale time irreversibility index and based on permutation patterns measures. Our study presents that the corresponding measures can be used as indicators or indicator-precursors of crisis states in stock markets.
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7

Edeh, Henry C. Assessing the Equity and Redistributive Effects of Taxation Reforms in Nigeria. Institute of Development Studies (IDS), November 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.19088/ictd.2021.020.

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Achieving the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) of poverty and inequality reduction through redistribution have indeed become critical concerns in many low- and middle-income countries, including Nigeria. Although redistribution results from the effect of tax revenue collections, micro household-level empirical analyses of the distributional effect of personal income tax (PIT) and value added tax (VAT) reforms in Nigeria have been scarcely carried out. This study for the first time quantitatively assessed both the equity and redistributive effects of PIT and VAT across different reform scenarios in Nigeria. Data used in this study was mainly drawn from the most recent large scale nationally representative Nigeria Living Standard Survey, conducted in 2018/2019. The Kakwani Index was used to calculate and compare the progressivity of PIT and VAT reforms. A simple static micro-simulation model was employed in assessing the redistributive effect of PIT and VAT reforms in the country. After informality has been accounted for, the PIT was found to be progressive in the pre- 2011 tax scheme, but turned regressive in the post-2011 tax scheme. It was also discovered that the newly introduced lump sum relief allowance in the post-2011 PIT scheme accrues more to the high-income than to the low-income taxpayers – confirming the regressivity of the current PIT scheme. However, the study further shows (through counterfactual simulations) that excluding the relatively high-income taxpayers from sharing in the variable part of the lump sum relief allowance makes PIT progressive in the post-2011 scheme. The VAT was uncovered to be regressive both in the pre-2020 scheme, and in the current VAT reform scheme. Further, after putting informality into consideration, the PIT was found to marginally reduce inequality but increase poverty in the pre-2011 scheme. The post-2011 PIT scheme reduced inequality and increased poverty, but by a smaller proportion – confirming a limited redistribution mainly resulting from the concentration of the lump sum relief allowance at the top of the distribution. However, if the variable part of the lump sum relief allowance is provided for ‘only’ the low-income taxpayers below a predefined income threshold, the post-2011 PIT scheme becomes largely redistributive. VAT was uncovered to marginally increase inequality and poverty in the pre-2020 scheme. Though the current VAT scheme slightly increased inequality, it considerably increased poverty in the country. It is therefore suggested that a better tax reform, with well-regulated relief allowance and differentiated VAT rates, will help to enhance the equity and redistribution capacity of the Nigeria tax system.
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8

Osadchyi, Viacheslav V., Hanna Y. Chemerys, Kateryna P. Osadcha, Vladyslav S. Kruhlyk, Serhii L. Koniukhov, and Arnold E. Kiv. Conceptual model of learning based on the combined capabilities of augmented and virtual reality technologies with adaptive learning systems. [б. в.], November 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.31812/123456789/4417.

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The article is devoted to actual problem of using modern ICT tools to increase the level of efficiency of the educational process. The current state and relevance of the use of augmented reality (AR) and virtual reality (VR) technologies as an appropriate means of improving the educational process are considered. In particular, attention is paid to the potential of the combined capabilities of AR and VR technologies with adaptive learning systems. Insufficient elaboration of cross-use opportunities for achieving of efficiency of the educational process in state-of-the-art research has been identified. Based on analysis of latest publications and experience of using of augmented and virtual reality technologies, as well as the concept of adaptive learning, conceptual model of learning based on the combined capabilities of AR and VR technologies with adaptive learning systems has been designed. The use of VR and AR technologies as a special information environment is justified, which is applied in accordance with the identified dominant type of students' thinking. The prospects of using the proposed model in training process at educational institutions for the implementation and support of new teaching and learning strategies, as well as improving learning outcomes are determined by the example of such courses as “Algorithms and data structures”, “Computer graphics and three-dimensional modeling”, “Circuit Engineering”, “Computer Architecture”.
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Shamonia, Volodymyr H., Olena V. Semenikhina, Volodymyr V. Proshkin, Olha V. Lebid, Serhii Ya Kharchenko, and Oksana S. Lytvyn. Using the Proteus virtual environment to train future IT professionals. [б. в.], February 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.31812/123456789/3760.

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Based on literature review it was established that the use of augmented reality as an innovative technology of student training occurs in following directions: 3D image rendering; recognition and marking of real objects; interaction of a virtual object with a person in real time. The main advantages of using AR and VR in the educational process are highlighted: clarity, ability to simulate processes and phenomena, integration of educational disciplines, building an open education system, increasing motivation for learning, etc. It has been found that in the field of physical process modelling the Proteus Physics Laboratory is a popular example of augmented reality. Using the Proteus environment allows to visualize the functioning of the functional nodes of the computing system at the micro level. This is especially important for programming systems with limited resources, such as microcontrollers in the process of training future IT professionals. Experiment took place at Borys Grinchenko Kyiv University and Sumy State Pedagogical University named after A. S. Makarenko with students majoring in Computer Science (field of knowledge is Secondary Education (Informatics)). It was found that computer modelling has a positive effect on mastering the basics of microelectronics. The ways of further scientific researches for grounding, development and experimental verification of forms, methods and augmented reality, and can be used in the professional training of future IT specialists are outlined in the article.
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10

Papenkordt, Jörg, Stefan Gabriel, Kirsten Thommes, and Roman Dumitrescu. Künstliche Intelligenz in der industriellen Arbeitswelt - Studie zum Status Quo in der Region OstWestfalenLippe. Kompetenzzentrum Arbeitswelt.Plus, August 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.55594/tmao3234.

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Im Rahmen dieser Studie wird der Status Quo des KI-Einsatzes in der industriellen Arbeitswelt in der Region OstWestfalenLippe erfasst und beschrieben. Dadurch wird eine Grundlage geschaffen, um eine zielführende Unterstützung der Gestaltung von durch Künstliche Intelligenz (KI) gestützter Arbeitsprozesse in Unternehmen zu ermöglichen, indem beispielsweise bedarfsbezogene Maßnahmen entwickelt und durchgeführt sowie weiterer Forschungsbedarf aufgezeigt wird. Die Befragung wurde im Jahr 2021 von dem Kompetenzzentrum Arbeitswelt.Plus sowie dem Spitzencluster it’s OWL initiiert. Dabei sind drei Zielgruppen – Unternehmensleitung, Personalabteilung (HR) sowie Arbeitnehmer*innen – adressiert worden. Insgesamt nahmen 317 Personen aus 89 verschiedenen Unternehmen bzw. Organisationen an der Befragung teil – zu 38 % Unternehmer*innen, zu 13 % Personaler*innen und zu 49 % Arbeitnehmer*innen. Die meisten der Teilnehmenden stammten aus der Elektroindustrie, dem Maschinenbau sowie dem Informations- und Kommunikationstechnologie (IKT)-Sektor. Die Befragungsergebnisse zeigen, dass sich die meisten Unternehmen in der Anfangsphase der KI-Nutzung befinden. Zwischen einzelnen Unternehmensbereichen und verschiedenen Branchen zeigen sich gewisse Unterschiede in der Nutzungsphase. Die Befragten stehen aktuell vor der Nutzung von vor allem teilautonomen KI-Systemen, die ausführende und analytische menschliche Tätigkeitenbeispielsweise durch Informationsbereitstellungen unterstützen. Wesentliche Ziele der KI-Nutzung sind die Effizienzsteigerung, Qualitätsverbesserung, Entscheidungsoptimierung sowie Unterstützung der Arbeitnehmer*innen. Allerdings werden in allen Unternehmen die fehlende Expertise sowie insgesamt die Komplexität des Themenfelds als Hinderungsgründe identifiziert. In allen Unternehmen und allen Unternehmensbereichen werden hohe Auswirkungen durch KI erwartet. Auf die Arbeitsgestaltung werden insgesamt eher positive Auswirkungen erwartet. Die Befragten schätzen die Bedeutung von KI, ihre Aufgeschlossenheit sowie ihr Vertrauen gegenüber KI als insgesamt hoch ein, ihr Verständnis von KI dagegen eher als gering. Tendenziell zeigt sich eine große Diskrepanz zwischen Selbst- und Fremdbild mit einer teils deutlich negativeren Wahrnehmung anderer. Die Befragten erwarten außerdem steigende Kompetenzanforderungen sowie einen hohen Weiterbildungsbedarf, insbesondere bezüglich des grundlegenden Verständnisses über KI. In den wenigsten Unternehmen existiert jedoch ein gezieltes Weiterbildungsangebot. Die Erkenntnisse aus der Befragung fließen im Rahmen des Kompetenzzentrums Arbeitswelt.Plus in die gezielte Gestaltung und Einführung KI-gestützter Arbeitsformen sowie bedarfsgerechter Unterstützungsangebote ein. Die hohe Komplexität der KI-Einführung sowie die sowohl technischen als auch mitarbeiterbezogenen Herausforderungen verdeutlichen den Bedarf für eine soziotechnische Perspektive und ein systematisches Vorgehen bei der Gestaltung dieses vielschichtigen Themenfelds.
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