Academic literature on the topic 'State, The – History – 21st century'
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Journal articles on the topic "State, The – History – 21st century"
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Miakinchenko, Iryna. "UKRAINIAN CHURCH AND RELIGIOUS ORGANIZATIONS’ ACTIVITY TO COUNTERACT SPREADING SOCIALLY DANGEROUS DISEASES (THE FIRST DECADE OF THE 21ST CENTURY)." Intermarum history policy culture, no. 10 (June 30, 2022): 122–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.35433/history.112034.
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The aim of the article is to study Ukrainian church and religious organizations’ activity directed at counteracting spreading socially dangerous diseases (the first decade of the 21st century). The research methodology is based on the set of general scientific methods usage (analysis, synthesis, comparison, systematization, generalization, etc.) as well as special historical methods (historical-genetic, historical-comparative, historical-systematic). The study applies an interdisciplinary approach, manifested through the usage of the categorical procedures of other sciences. This, in its turn, made it possible to form valid statements and conclusions of the scientific research. The scientific novelty of the paper lies in the fact that Ukrainian church and religious organizations’ activity to counteract spreading socially dangerous diseases at the beginning of the 21st century is discussed on the basis of a comprehensive range of historical sources. The topic has not been the subject of a separate scientific analysis yet. As the result, the author concludes that a systematic activity of Ukrainian church and religious organizations to counteract socially dangerous diseases was founded in the first decade of the 21st century. This was due to the organizational network formation of church and religious organizations and their transformation into an important social institution of civil society. The main focus was on counteracting the spread of HIV/AIDS at the same time. The inclusion of the All-Ukrainian Council of Churches and Religious Organizations was important in strengthening its work. Both the All-Ukrainian Council of Churches and Religious Organizations and some church and religious organizations were supported by the state government of Ukraine. Thus, church and religious organizations in Ukraine opened rehabilitation centers for drug and alcohol addicts, cared for HIV-infected people; conducted thematic scientific and educational events within the framework of activity to counterpart spreading socially dangerous diseases in the first decade of the 21st century.
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Perišić, Srđan. "The return of Russia: Russia in the 21st century." Napredak 1, no. 2 (2020): 127–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.5937/napredak2002127p.
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The author analyzes the geopolitical restoration of Russia during the first two decades of the 21st century. The starting point is that liberalism and globalism have been trying for four decades to remove all forms of geopolitical differences from the public, societal and political sphere, i.e. all cultural, national, religious, ideological, state variances. This was labelled the end of history. However, despite this, for the last 20 years we have witnessed a return of history. The author shows that the return of history is reflected in the return of Russia to the world stage not only as a great power, but by a general geopolitical renewal in Russia itself. The paper gives three descriptions and analyses of that return. First, the paper analyzes the character of the new Russia. The geopolitical identity and certain geopolitical practices of Russia are examined. Second, the ideological character of the Russian return is considered, which as such represents an alternative to Western liberalism and globalization. Third, the doctrinal determinants of the security and military dimensions of Russia's geopolitics are analyzed.
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Nikol'skaya, G. "U.S. Immigration Policy in the Early 21st Century." World Economy and International Relations, no. 5 (2012): 93–102. http://dx.doi.org/10.20542/0131-2227-2012-5-93-102.
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U.S. immigrant population (legal and illegal) reached 40 millions in 2010, the highest number in American history. Nearly 14 millions of new immigrants settled in the country from 2000 to 2010, making it the highest decade of immigration in American history. For the United States, the immigration has always been both crucial to the economic growth and a source of serious conflicts. There has been no significant movement toward federal immigration reform since bipartisan project blocked in 2007. But it has been the subject of fever legislation at a state level, and President Obama made a decision to return to this question in the coming presidential campaign.
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Qamar Abbas Cheema and Taimur Shamil. "21st Century and Pakistan’s New Narrative for National Stability." Strategic Studies 37, no. 4 (April 11, 2017): 133–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.53532/ss.037.04.00202.
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Throughout the course of history, states and non-state actors have developed themes, values and ideas to promote their visions. Such deliberate and well-constructed ideologies are termed as narratives either to face the challenges or to run a rules-based national and international system while looking their goals and power apparatus. A national narrative is constructed in a way that identity, history, ideology, geography, culture, foreign policy and other national discourses become components of it. Pakistan, since its independence in 1947, has been in search of a comprehensive narrative that should suit the fabric of the state. The existing narrative has been unresponsive to the needs of people and becomes outdated for several reasons. A new narrative for identity construction, political maturity, educational growth, strong security, economic prosperity, good governance, religious reorientation, innovative skills, media maturity and ethnic unity is required which can establish a new societal architecture for a strong and resilient state and society. Building of such a new narrative is a strategic imperative which could bring national stability in Pakistan in the 21st century.
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YUN, Yong Seon. "Migration Exhibition at the German Museum of the 21st Century." Korean Society for European Integration 14, no. 1 (March 30, 2023): 179–206. http://dx.doi.org/10.32625/kjei.2023.29.179.
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This paper critically analyzes the migration exhibition of the German Museum of Modern History. In German society, which is facing demographic problems such as population decline and aging, the number of people with immigration and migration backgrounds is increasing, approaching 30% of the German population. As a result, Germany without migrants today cannot be als well imagined as existed. However, despite the reality, the Museum of Modern History in Germany still remains in a space where the narratives of one country's history centered on the nation-state are displayed. Museums exhibiting 21st-century modern history, which feature mobility and hybridity, are being asked to abandon the national state paradigm, but no significant change has yet been made. In this regard, the presentation says that Korean society, which is moving in a demographic similar direction to Germany and has a faster pace of change, needs to use Germany's migration policy as a teacher. Entering the early stages of a migration society, Korea already relies on migrants in the problems of insufficient labor and marriage of rural men, and it seems unlikely that this trend will weaken due to population cliffs and aging population.
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Maya, Margarita López. "Populism, 21st-century socialism and corruption in Venezuela." Thesis Eleven 149, no. 1 (December 2018): 67–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0725513618818727.
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This article seeks to explore the relationship between populism, 21st-century socialism, and the emergence of what has been referred to as an ‘ estado delincuente’ (criminal state), in the case of Venezuela. That is, a state structure permeated with transnational organized crime mafias in the executive and the judiciary, in the financial system, the prosecutor’s office, the police, the armed forces, the prison system, state-owned companies, governorships, and city councils, among other state institutions. First, I review conceptual aspects of populism to understand how this served as the basis for creating the postulates of 21st-century socialism, which promoted the institutional destruction of Venezuelan democracy and created the conditions for the unbridled dissemination of state corruption. Second, emblematic cases of white-collar and blood crimes, nepotism and other corrupt activities are discussed to provide an idea of the magnitude of the issues that permeate the state apparatus. To conclude, I provide a critical summary of the consequences of this way of doing politics in contemporary Venezuela.
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Suslov, A. B., and E. V. Shuiskaya. "RUSSIAN HISTORY OF THE 21ST CENTURY IN SCHOOL TEXTBOOKS." Вестник Пермского университета. История, no. 4(55) (2021): 56–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.17072/2219-3111-2021-4-56-68.
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The article analyzes how the problems of Russian history of the 21st century are presented in modern school textbooks on the history of Russia. The relevance of the studied problem is determined primarily by the importance of history textbooks for constructing memory policies. At the same time, attention is paid to insufficient coverage of the 2000s transformations in modern historiography. The representation of the last twenty years in Russian history textbooks is analyzed in comparison with expert assessments of economists, sociologists, and political scientists. The authors conclude that Russian history of the 21st century appears on the pages of officially approved textbooks as a consistent, ongoing process of the development of a state that is gaining power. The textbooks contain very similar interpretations of the last two decades compared to the history of the 1990s, where one can find different interpretations of events made by the same authors. In addition, in textbooks one can find a lot of borrowings from official and propaganda rhetoric. In relation to the events of the 1990s and earlier, the authors of the textbooks under study selected alternative points of view, and subsequent events are assessed by them unambiguously. It can be stated that in the studied textbooks, the history of the last twenty years reflects the goals of historical science only to a small extent. It corresponds to the goals of historical policy to a greater extent. This conclusion becomes more obvious in the framework of the studies of Russian scholars, which, regardless of their views, cannot be described as an apology for the actions of political leaders.
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Lavengood, Zachary. "China and the 21st Century Arctic: Opportunities and Limitations." American Studies in Scandinavia 54, no. 2 (December 12, 2022): 88–111. http://dx.doi.org/10.22439/asca.v54i2.6741.
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In 2018 The People’s Republic of China (PRC) released its Arctic policy and articulated its position, principles, and goals as a “near-Arctic state.” In the years since, China has become a central focus of the growing academic and professional discourse surrounding the emerging Arctic and has positioned itself as a consequential actor in regional affairs. This article examines the opportunities and limitations for China in the High North by focusing on its four key drivers for Arctic engagement: resource extraction, international shipping, scientific pursuits, and international prestige. This article finds that while China’s involvement in Arctic affairs is growing, there are still significant roadblocks to its ambitions which it will need to overcome in order to reach its goal of being recognized as an Arctic power.
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Betz, Bryan L., and Jay L. Hess. "Acute Myeloid Leukemia Diagnosis in the 21st Century." Archives of Pathology & Laboratory Medicine 134, no. 10 (October 1, 2010): 1427–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.5858/2010-0245-ra.1.
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Abstract Context.—Rapid advances in understanding the molecular biology of acute myeloid leukemia are transforming the approach to diagnosis, prognostication, and treatment of these cases. Objective.—To briefly review the current state of AML classification with a particular emphasis on the role of molecular studies and their impact on the management of acute myeloid leukemia and other malignancies. Data Sources.—Current literature and experience of the authors. Conclusions.—While morphology, immunophenotyping, cytogenetics, and clinical history continue to play an important role, an increasing number of molecular tests are now required to properly classify these cases.
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Nafi'ah, Hafidzotun, and Agung Setiyawan. "Psycholinguistics in 21st Century Arabic Language Learning." Kalamuna: Jurnal Pendidikan Bahasa Arab dan Kebahasaaraban 5, no. 1 (January 31, 2024): 109–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.52593/klm.05.1.08.
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This research is motivated by Arabic language learning activities which cannot be separated from language activities. Therefore, learning Arabic is not enough just linguistics, but also needs to study mental state or mind, namely psychology. The science of psycholinguistics was born, which is a combination of language and mental science. This research uses a type of library research, the data was analyzed using content analysis. The findings of this study show that psycholinguistics covers language learning strategies as well as the phenomena of language acquisition and learning. Similar to this, learning Arabic involves adhering to linguistic, psychological, and educational principles. These three tenets serve as the interface between psycholinguistics and language acquisition. It is intended that this study would assist teachers in enhancing the Arabic language acquisition process.
Dissertations / Theses on the topic "State, The – History – 21st century"
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Trisel, Joel B. "Small-scale Opera: History and Continuing Relevance in the 21st Century." Bowling Green State University / OhioLINK, 2015. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=bgsu1428438349.
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Ruffing, Jason L. "A Century of Overproduction in American Agriculture." Thesis, University of North Texas, 2014. https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc700066/.
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American agriculture in the twentieth century underwent immense transformations. The triumphs in agriculture are emblematic of post-war American progress and expansion but do not accurately depict the evolution of American agriculture throughout an entire century of agricultural depression and economic failure. Some characteristics of this evolution are unprecedented efficiency in terms of output per capita, rapid industrialization and mechanization, the gradual slip of agriculture's portion of GNP, and an exodus of millions of farmers from agriculture leading to fewer and larger farms. The purpose of this thesis is to provide an environmental history and political ecology of overproduction, which has lead to constant surpluses, federal price and subsidy intervention, and environmental concerns about sustainability and food safety. This project explores the political economy of output maximization during these years, roughly from WWI through the present, studying various environmental, economic, and social effects of overproduction and output maximization. The complex eco system of modern agriculture is heavily impacted by the political and economic systems in which it is intrinsically embedded, obfuscating hopes of food and agricultural reforms on many different levels. Overproduction and surplus are central to modern agriculture and to the food that has fueled American bodies for decades. Studying overproduction, or operating at rapidly expanding levels of output maximization, will provide a unique lens through which to look at the profound impact that the previous century of technological advance and farm legislation has had on agriculture in America.
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Gao, Ming. "Pro-forma consistency : the construction of the relationship between China's social organizations and the state in the 21st century." Thesis, University of Birmingham, 2012. http://etheses.bham.ac.uk//id/eprint/3820/.
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The purpose of this thesis is to understand the changing nature of contemporary China's state and society relationship by focusing on the construction of the relationship between newly emerging non-governmental organizations (NGOs) and the state. The term "construction" refers to the process in which China NGOs emerge, struggle for existence, negotiate with state organizations and other social agents. In this process, how China's NGOs link with the state policies of both local and national levels, practices of both local government officers and the government organizations of superior branches is of the most interest. It has been found that Chinese social organizations often come to be congruent with the state at both local level and national policy level. Through the articulatory elements, which are the theoretical tools borrowed from post-Marxist theories, the state and the social organizations are integrated as if they are in a coherent whole under the macro state policies. Such pro forma consistency between state and social organizations provides legitimacy and room for social organizations to develop their own values and practices, which actually do not completely coincide with the state dominant orientations. A civil society constituted by social organizations with different value pursuits is likely emerging in China.
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Smith, Shannon Tucker. "Megatrends in Higher Education." Thesis, University of North Texas, 2008. https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc9028/.
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Utilizing the theory of John Naisbitt's 1982 Megatrends, this study identifies eight trends for the future of higher education using content analysis of generalized print media reports for three bell-wether states. For the period of 2001-2005, generalized reporting for three newspapers, the Los Angeles Times from Los Angeles, CA, the Miami Herald from Miami, FL, and the Denver Post from Denver, CO, included over four thousand articles and covered 21 primary topics and over 200 secondary topics. Eight trends emerge from the content analysis. Trend 1, from the ivory tower to the public domain, identifies increasingly critical public scrutiny of higher education standards and curricula. Fight or flight, Trend 2, reveals more consistent no-tolerance policies for student behavior. Trend 3, scholar to celebrity, reveals an increasingly public role for university presidents. Academic freedom to academic flexibility, Trend 4, identifies a tightening of academic freedom policies for university staff and faculty. Trend 5, pay now, learn later, focuses on increased popularity of pre-paid and tax free plans for saving college tuition. Fraternity party to fraternity accountability, Trend 6, identifies increased scrutiny of Greek organizations and Greek life within the university environment. Trend 7, tenure to temporary, reflects the growing trend of hiring more part-time faculty rather than hiring faculty for tenure track positions or full-time instructor jobs. Lastly, campus to cyberspace, Trend 8, identifies the continued success of online instruction at the university level.
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Brewer, Angela. "Beyond Rocking the Vote: An Analysis of Rhetoric Designed to Motivate Young Voters." Thesis, University of North Texas, 2007. https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc5209/.
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Attempts to solve the continued problem of low youth voter turnout in the U.S. have included get out the vote drives, voter registration campaigns, and public service announcements targeting 18- to 25-year-old voters. Pay Attention and Vote added to this effort to motivate young voters in its 2006 campaign. This thesis analyzes the rhetorical strategies employed by the Pay Attention and Vote campaign advertisements, measures their effectiveness, and adds to the limited body of knowledge describing the attitudes and behaviors of young nonvoters. This thesis applies a mixed method approach, utilizing both rhetorical criticism and quantitative method. The results of both analyses are integrated into a discussion which critiques current strategies of addressing the youth voter turnout problem and offers suggestions for future research on the topic.
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Ryder, Marianne. "Forming a New Art in the Pacific Northwest: Studio Glass in the Puget Sound Region, 1970-2003." PDXScholar, 2013. https://pdxscholar.library.pdx.edu/open_access_etds/1096.
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The studio glass movement first arose in the United States in the early 1950s, and was characterized by practitioners who wanted to divorce glass from its industrial associations and promote it as a fine arts medium. This movement began in a few cities in the eastern part of the country, and in Los Angeles, but gradually emerged as an art form strongly associated with the city of Seattle and the Puget Sound region. This research studies the emergence and growth of the studio glass movement in the Puget Sound region from 1970 to 2003. It examines how glass artists and Seattle's urban elites interacted and worked separately to build the support structures and "art world" that provided learning and mentoring opportunities, workspaces, artistic validation, audience development, critical and financial support, which helped make glass a signature Puget Sound art form, and the role that artist social networks, social capital, cultural capital and cultural policy played in sustaining this community. In particular, the research seeks to explore the factors that nourish a new art form and artist community in second-tier cities that do not have the substantial cultural and economic support structures found in the "arts super cities" such as Los Angeles, New York City, and San Francisco. This study contributes to the growing literature on artist communities, and the roles played by social capital, cultural capital, urban growth coalitions and policy at different stages of community development. Results can assist policymakers in formulating policies that incorporate the arts as a form of community development.
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Tuffin, Zoe. "Claiming Shakespeare for our own: An investigation into directing Shakespeare in Australia in the 21st century." Thesis, Edith Cowan University, Research Online, Perth, Western Australia, 2014. https://ro.ecu.edu.au/theses/1285.
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Shakespeare has been performed on Australian stages for over two hundred years, yet despite this fact, in Australia we still treat Shakespeare as a revered idol. It seems that, as a nation of second-class convicts, consciously or not, we regard Shakespeare as a product of our aristocratic founders. However deeply buried the belief may be, we still think that the British perform Shakespeare ‘the right way’. As a result, when staging his plays today, our productions suffer from a cultural cringe.
This research sought to combat these inhibiting ideologies and endeavoured to find a way in which Australians might claim ownership over Shakespeare in contemporary productions of his plays. The methodology used to undertake this investigation was practice-led research, with the central practice being theatre directing. The questions the research posed were: can Australian directors in the 21st century navigate and reshape Shakespeare's works in productions that give actors and audiences ownership over Shakespeare? And, what role can irreverence play in this quest for ownership? In order to answer these questions, a strong reference point was required, to understand what Shakespeare, with no strings attached to tradition and scholarly reverence, looked and felt like. Taiwan became an ideal reference point, as the country is a site for unrestrained and strongly localised performances of the Shakespearean tradition. The company at the forefront of such Taiwanese productions is Contemporary Legend Theatre (CLT). Wu Hsing-kuo, the Artistic Director of CLT, creates jingju (Beijing opera) adaptations of Shakespeare’s plays, the most renowned of which is his solo King Lear, titled Li Er zaici.
The intention of the practice-led research was to use the ideas gathered from an interview with Wu and through watching a performance of Li Er zaici, to form an approach to directing Shakespeare in Australia today, which was free from the restrictions commonly encountered by Australians. The practical project involved trialling this approach in a series of workshops and rehearsals with eight actors over eight weeks, which ultimately resulted in a performance of an adaptation of Romeo and Juliet.
Wu’s approach generated a sense of ownership over Shakespeare amongst the actors and widened their dominant, narrow concept of Shakespeare performances in Australia to incorporate a wealth of new possibilities. Yet, from this practical experiment, the strength and depth of the inhibiting ideologies surrounding Shakespeare in Australia was made apparent, as even when consciously seeking to remove them, they formed unconscious impediments. Despite the initial intention, a sense of veneration towards Shakespeare’s text entered the rehearsal process for Romeo and Juliet. This practice-led research revealed that as Australians we have an almost inescapable attachment to Shakespeare’s text, which ultimately begs the contrary question: in order to stage an irreverent and owned production of Shakespeare in Australia, how much of Shakespeare and his traditions must we abandon?
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Lee, Jirye. "Stage of Her Own: Autobiographical Solos by Women in New York City in the First Decade in the 21st Century." The Ohio State University, 2017. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1494288492098892.
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Wellborn, Brecken. "Musicals and the Margins: African-Americans, Women, and Queerness in the 21st Century American Musical." Thesis, University of North Texas, 2018. https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc1404583/.
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This thesis provides an overview of the various ways in which select marginalized identities are represented within the twenty-first century American musical film. The first intention of this thesis is to identify, define, and organize the different subgenres that appear within the twenty-first century iterations of the musical film. The second, and principal, intention of this thesis is to explore contemporary representations of African-Americans, women, and queerness throughout the defined subgenres. Within this thesis, key films are analyzed from within each subgenre to understand these textual representations.
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King, Marvin. "A Black/Non-Black Theory of African-American Partisanship: Hostility, Racial Consciousness and the Republican Party." Thesis, University of North Texas, 2006. https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc5264/.
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Why is black partisan identification so one-sidedly Democratic forty years past the Civil Rights movement? A black/non-black political dichotomy manifests itself through one-sided African-American partisanship. Racial consciousness and Republican hostility is the basis of the black/non-black political dichotomy, which manifests through African-American partisanship. Racial consciousness forced blacks to take a unique and somewhat jaundiced approach to politics and Republican hostility to black inclusion in the political process in the 1960s followed by antagonism toward public policy contribute to overwhelming black Democratic partisanship. Results shown in this dissertation demonstrate that variables representing economic issues, socioeconomic status and religiosity fail to explain partisan identification to the extent that Hostility-Consciousness explains party identification.
Books on the topic "State, The – History – 21st century"
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Bigović, Radovan. The Orthodox Church in 21st century. Belgrade: Konrad Adenauer Stiftung, 2011.
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Lam, Anthony S. K. Conflict and dialogue: Church and state relations in early 21st century China. Hong Kong: Holy Spirit Study Centre, 2020.
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L, Braddock David, ed. Disability at the dawn of the 21st century: And the state of the states. 6th ed. Washington, D.C: American Association on Mental Retardation, 2002.
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1967-, Gries Peter Hays, and Rosen Stanley 1942-, eds. State & society in 21st century China: Crisis, contention, and legitimation. New York: RoutledgeCurzon, 2004.
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Mugovhani, George. The strategic repositioning of arts, culture and heritage in the 21st century. Newcastle upon Tyne, UK: Cambridge Scholars Publishing, 2018.
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Ann, Sherman Mary, and Dallas County Commissioners Court, eds. Dallas County: A 21st century mosaic. San Antonio, Texas: HPNbooks, a division of Lammert Incorporated, 2014.
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1967-, Gries Peter Hays, and Rosen Stanley 1942-, eds. State and society in 21st century China: Crisis, contention, and legitimation. New York: Routledge, 2004.
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Peter, Kuznick, ed. Untold History of the United States. London, UK: Ebury Press, 2012.
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author, Kuznick Peter J., ed. The concise untold history of the United States. New York: Gallery Books, 2014.
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1952-, Bankston Carl L., ed. Great events from history. Pasadena, Calif: Salem Press, 2009.
Find full textBook chapters on the topic "State, The – History – 21st century"
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Hastedt, Dirk. "History and Current State of International Student Assessment." In Monitoring Student Achievement in the 21st Century, 21–37. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-38969-7_3.
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Hee, Limin. "The State, People and the History of Urban Public Space in Singapore." In Advances in 21st Century Human Settlements, 23–58. Singapore: Springer Singapore, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-10-2387-3_2.
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Thelandersson, Fredrika. "A Historical Lineage of Sad and Mad Women." In 21st Century Media and Female Mental Health, 33–60. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-16756-0_2.
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AbstractWomen’s affective states have a long history of being pathologized under names like neurasthenia, hysteria, and schizophrenia. In culture, the sad and mad woman has appeared as various popular figures: the Victorian madwoman, the hysteric, the schizophrenic, and the Prozac-consuming American woman of the 1990s, to name a few. This chapter traces a brief history of how women’s mental health has been pathologized in the American and European West, and accounts for feminist interpretations of these various pathologizations. I hope to show that mental illness diagnoses are neither completely discursive (socially and linguistically constructed) nor fixed neurological truths (biological facts of life that always look the same), but emerge and take shape in a complex interplay between sociocultural discourses and an ever-developing medical science.
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Reimers, Fernando M. "In Search of a Twenty-First Century Education Renaissance after a Global Pandemic." In Implementing Deeper Learning and 21st Education Reforms, 1–37. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-57039-2_1.
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Abstract The COVID-19 Pandemic renewed interest on the question of what goals should be pursued by schools in a world rapidly changing and uncertain. As education leaders developed strategies to continue to educate during the Pandemic, through alternative education arrangements necessitated by the closure of schools, the question of re-prioritizing curriculum became essential. In addition, the anticipated disruptions and impacts that the Pandemic would cause brought the question of what capacities matter to the fore. This chapter reviews the history of mass education and examines the role of the United Nations and other international organizations advocating for schools to educate the whole child and to cultivate the breath of skills essential to advance individual freedoms and social improvement. The chapter makes the case that the aspiration to cultivate a broad range of competencies is not only necessary to meet the growing demands of civic and economic participation, but also critical to close opportunity gaps. The development of a science of implementation of system level reform to educate the whole child is fundamental to close the growing gap between more ambitious aspirations for schools and the learning opportunities that most children experience and that are at the root of their low levels of knowledge and skills as demonstrated in international comparative assessments. Implementation strategies need to take into account the stage of institutional development of the education system, and align the components and sequence of the reform to the existing capacities and structures, while using the reform to help the system advance towards more complex forms of organization that enable it to achieve more ambitious goals. The chapter makes the case for examining the implementation of large scale reforms in countries at varied stages of educational development in order to overcome the limitations of the current knowledge base that relies excessively on the study of a narrow range of countries at similar levels of development, many of them with stagnant or declining performance of their students in international assessments of knowledge and skills. Effective implementation requires also coherence across the various levels of governance of the education system and good communication and collaboration across a wide spectrum of stakeholders. Such communication can be facilitated by a good theory of mind of how others view reform. A reform can be viewed through five alternative frameworks: cultural, psychological, professional, institutional and political, or through a combination of those, and each reform is based on elements reflecting one or several of those frames. Understanding these frames, can help better understand how others view change, thus facilitating communication and the development of a shared theory of change. The chapter concludes describing the methods of this study and introducing the six large scale reforms examined in the book.
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Hutmacher, Dietmar W. "The Current State and Future of Regenerative Sports Medicine." In 21st Century Sports, 133–49. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-50801-2_8.
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Hutmacher, Dietmar W. "The Current State and Future of Regenerative Sports Medicine." In 21st Century Sports, 149–65. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-38981-8_9.
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Branco, Rui, and Pedro Adão e Silva. "The welfare state." In Portugal in the 21st Century, 26–43. London: Routledge, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9781003488033-3.
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Tavares da Silva, Suzana. "State Responsibility." In Administrative Law for the 21st Century, 73–77. Cham: Springer Nature Switzerland, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-55795-8_6.
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Roberts, Adam. "21st-Century Science Fiction." In The History of Science Fiction, 479–512. London: Palgrave Macmillan UK, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1057/978-1-137-56957-8_16.
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Meerzon, Yana. "Tragedy and the Crisis of History." In Staging 21st Century Tragedies, 13–26. New York: Routledge, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9781003046479-3.
Full textConference papers on the topic "State, The – History – 21st century"
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Sallai, János, and Johanna Farkas. "21ST CENTURY CHALLENGES AND SOLUTIONS IN THE LIGHT OF HISTORY." In SECURITY HORIZONS. Faculty of Security- Skopje, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.20544/icp.2.4.21.p24.
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It is impossible to separate the public police organization from the modern state. King Louis XIV was the founder of the first centrally organized and uniform police force in 1667. A book related to the work of the police was first published in 1705 under the title "Traité de la police". It outlines the three main activities of the police, which are economic regulation, measures of the public order, and general rules of hygiene. The first head of Police and his 44 police commissioners' work was assisted by police inspectors beginning in 1709. The police also appeared on German territory, and the works of Lorenz von Stein, Otto Mayer, and Robert von Mohl are still dominant in Europe nowadays. This study examines books, journals, and legal documents to present the development of the law enforcement and the modern challenges of policing in Hungary. Our country celebrated the establishment of the central police last year. In the 20th century there was a development in modern policing and literature, as well as the emergence of modern police officer training. After World War II, a Soviet law enforcement model was imitated in which there was state security, secrecy, and Soviet police character. Although research of historical and theoretical studies of policing was forbidden, after the Revolution of 1989, the research of law enforcement theory was completed. Globalisation has created new sources of danger (e.g. terrorism, cybercrime), driven by a lack of borders and the expansion of international relations (Farkas, 2016). We can only meet the new challenges with the deepening of international law enforcement cooperation. Keywords: law enforcement, globalisation, data-transmission revolution, security
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Lisovetc, Irina. "The Modern Multi-Functional Cultural Center (Yeltsin Center) as a Platform for Dialogue Both Public & Private." In The Public/Private in Modern Civilization, the 22nd Russian Scientific-Practical Conference (with international participation) (Yekaterinburg, April 16-17, 2020). Liberal Arts University – University for Humanities, Yekaterinburg, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.35853/ufh-public/private-2020-11.
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The article covers the modern multi-functional cultural centre as an institution of Russian culture of the 21st Century in the terms of the interaction of publicity and privacy. On the basis of the institutional approach in cultural theory and the philosophical and aesthetic analysis of the space of the cultural centre, the most important role of this institution in individual and personal assimilation of sociocultural values is substantiated. The objectives (programme) of such an institution, its chronotope and functionality are directed at the involvement of contemporaries into various forms and levels of the culture of the past, and its emotional-sensual assimilation via media-communication technologies. The ‘Yeltsin-Center’ in the city of Yekaterinburg was taken as the example not only for being orientated on the familiarisation of its visitors with the history of the Russian state and its culture of the late 20th century and the early 21st century, but also for the subjective experience of turning points of those times and the city where the personality and activities of the first Russian president were shaped and began. The calibre of the President’s personality, in this case, is diversely represented within the space of the Centre, and becomes crucial for understanding what was going on at that time. The ‘Yeltsin-Center’ is a principally new cultural complex, each component of which, and above all its central part - the Museum of the First President - is structured to show the turning point in Russian history as the President’s life journey and to encourage citizens to understand the past and present. The use of modern information technologies in this cultural complex, and primarily in its museum exhibition having been arranged as an artistic artefact, becomes crucial to the dialogue of publicity and privacy.
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Ishaya, Martins. "Compatibility of Legal Education to Open and Distance Learning in Nigeria in the 21st Century." In Tenth Pan-Commonwealth Forum on Open Learning. Commonwealth of Learning, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.56059/pcf10.6435.
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Legal education, like any other discipline in higher Institution, necessitates the use of various teaching and learning pedagogies in order to provide a sustainable teaching and learning environment. Many aspects of legal education are driven by new market dynamics of demand and supply. Open and Distance Learning has created room for the emergence of virtual education. Not only are students found everywhere undertaking studies but geographical boundaries between States no longer appear to have much relevance today. This article aims at examine ode of delivery of legal education in Open and Distance Learning Institutions, especially National Open University of Nigeria. The article is divided into sections: The first section is introduction, the second discusses the concept, origin, types and goals of legal education; third describes the history of legal education in Nigeria; four presents historical development of ODL; section five present methods of delivery in ODL; six discuss regulatory bodies of legal education in Nigeria and conflicts of interest. Seven examine the challenges of online learning, The article concludes with recommendations that Legal Education in ODL Institutions can be effectively delivered.
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Kutuzova, Anel. "History of the formation of the national meadow growing, modern achievements and prospects for its development in the 21st century." In Multifunctional adaptive fodder production 29 (77). ru: Federal Williams Research Center of Forage Production and Agroecology, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.33814/mak-2022-29-77-9-20.
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The article highlights the brief history of domestic meadow farming, reveals the modern potential of scientific developments published in various publications, and also substantiates the current directions of further development for the intensification of animal husbandry. At the initial stage, much attention was paid to the geobotanical study of natural forage lands and available techniques for improvement. Currently, the country's meadow farmers have developed complete technologies that ensure the production of 3.5–5.0 thousand feed units from 1 hectare in the forest zone, with the participation of a coordinated network of institutes up to 6–8 thousand feed units/ha in the southern regions of the country during irrigation. The use of new zoned varieties of grasses in hayfields and pastures contributes to increasing the productivity of these lands, the quality of feed and the economic efficiency of improved technologies. For the scientific explanation of the results obtained, it is necessary to apply the agro-energy method of estimating anthropogenic costs and natural factors.
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Huang, Siyi, Jiawei Wang, Lei Mao, Juan Ren, and Lei Zhang. "New Space Exploration of Chinese Education in the 21st Century Based on Heuristic Infiltration Teaching Method." In 13th International Conference on Applied Human Factors and Ergonomics (AHFE 2022). AHFE International, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.54941/ahfe1002405.
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With the rapid development of China in recent decades, people's life has undergone a qualitative change, facing a new way of life and a new way of thinking. In this context, this study will discuss what kind of buildings, Spaces and urban status have changed with these changes, which will change, what architects can do for these changes, and what attitude they should hold towards these changes.This study comes from the open architecture design course of the School of Architecture of Chang 'an University in 2021, which is taught by Lei Mao, an architect who graduated from Berlage Institute. The course trains students' comprehensive ability to find and solve problems in the design process through the classical heuristic and penetrative teaching method of Berlage Institute.Research contents and objectivesSince the 1970s, the resumption of National College Entrance Examination has restored order to the country's selection of talent, but the single and fixed selection method has led to the internal examination of learning competition, and thus the cram school system, which is independent of the education system. This paper will systematically study this new type of remedial education space.The author tries to through the method of design, research of urban living space in the phenomenon summarized, analysis, deconstruction, at the same time, compare with standardized format education space, summarized similarities and differences of the two, in the study based on the results of analysis of continuation education space in the form of architecture design of refactoring.Research pathResearch path :(1) Determination of research object (2) Construction of research framework (3) Investigation and information collection (4) Induction and analysis of spatial features (5) Expression of design drawings.Firstly, the architectural environment space of the cram school is determined as the research topic. Then, the research framework of the space history and type of cram school was set up. According to the framework, information was collected and the internal scale of space was studied. The research results were expressed with plan and axonometric map. At last, based on the preliminary research, the architectural design is carried out. In this stage, the connection between architecture and exterior is no longer emphasized, but the organization of the internal space of the building, and the reality is reflected through the design results, which causes social reflection.4. Conclusion(1) Architecture and space often develop with the changes of The Times. The cram school space evolved from the traditional education space, but its profit and commodity nature makes it different from the education space such as school.(2) Intensive cram school buildings are likely to emerge in the future. In the course, the relationship between architectural space scale, crowd and activity type is discussed, and the possibility of intensive design of cram school is proposed. Complement the existing educational space.(3)The architect in the design of new type of space, through combing the historical trace of the spatial analysis of the current existing strong correlation and weak correlation space types, explore the space variable and variable, on the basis of this system between ground-to-air refactoring, to get a new space pattern and space form.
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Vandenbergh, Alex. "Terra Cotta Flat Arches: A Historic Modern-Day Challenge." In IABSE Congress, New York, New York 2019: The Evolving Metropolis. Zurich, Switzerland: International Association for Bridge and Structural Engineering (IABSE), 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.2749/newyork.2019.2542.
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<p>At the turn of the 20th century, terra cotta flat arches (TCFA’s) were a popular floor system in steel framed buildings for industrial and office construction in the United States. These arches were lighter but just as fireproof as standard brick arches, and were designed empirically using proprietary allowable load tables, which were based mostly on load testing.</p><p>In the 21st century, the proprietary nature of the TCFA makes evaluating these systems problematic for the modern engineer, architect, and contractor. Renovations of buildings with TCFA floor assemblies typically will have new penetrations as well as altered loading conditions from its original construction.</p><p>It is important for all parties involved in the design and construction process of a renovation to understand the history, mechanisms, and limitations of TCFAs in order to have a successful renovation from both a design and a cost perspective. Conversely, renovating a building without the proper knowledge or experience with the existing materials can lead to change orders, time overruns, and most importantly life safety risks.</p><p>This paper is a summary of a presentation given by the same author to the Association for Preservation Technology (APT) conference in September, 2018. A more in-depth paper by the same author and colleagues Derek Trelstad and Rebecca Buntrock will appear as an article in the APT Bulletin in 2019.</p>
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Narayanamurti, V. "Frontiers in Nanoscience and Technology in the 21st Century and New Models for Research and Education at the Intersection of Basic Research and Technology." In ASME 4th International Conference on Nanochannels, Microchannels, and Minichannels. ASMEDC, 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/icnmm2006-96012.
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Over the last 50 years, solid state physics and technology have blossomed through the application of modern quantum mechanics to the real world. The intimate relationship between basic research and application has been highlighted ever since the invention of the transistor in 1947, the laser in 1958 and the subsequent spawning of the computer and communications revolution which has so changed our lives. The awarding of the 2000 Nobel Prize in Physics to Alferov, Kroemer and Kilby is another important recognition of the unique interplay between basic science and technology. Such advances and discoveries were made in major industrial research laboratories — Bell Labs, IBM, RCA and others. Today many of these industrial laboratories are in decline due to changes in the regulatory environment and global economic competition. In this talk I will examine some of the frontiers in technology and emerging policy issues. My talk will be colored by my own experiences at Bell Labs and subsequently at a major U.S. national laboratory (Sandia) and at universities (University of California at Santa Barbara and Harvard). I will draw on experiences from my role as the Chair of the National Research Council (NRC) panel on the Future of Condensed Matter and Materials Physics (1999) and as a reviewer of the 2001 NRC report, Physics in a New Era. The growth rates of silicon and optical technologies will ultimately flatten as physical and economic limits are reached. If history is any guide, entirely new technologies will be created. Current research in nanoscience and nanotechnology is already leading to new relationships between fields as diverse as chemistry, biology, applied physics, electrical and mechanical engineering. Materials science is becoming even more interdisciplinary than in the past. Different fields of engineering are coming together. The interfaces between engineering and biology are emerging as another frontier. I will spend some time in exploring the frontier where quantum mechanics intersects the real world and the special role played by designer materials and new imaging tools to explore this emerging frontier. To position ourselves for the future, we therefore must find new ways of breaking disciplinary boundaries in academia. The focus provided by applications and the role of interdisciplinary research centers will be examined. Strangely, the reductionist approach inherent in nanoscience must be connected with the world of complex systems. Integrative approaches to science and technology will become more the norm in fields such as systems biology, soft condensed matter and other complex systems. Just like in nature, can we learn to adapt some of the great successes of industrial research laboratories to a university setting? I will take examples from materials science to delineate the roles of different entities so that a true pluralistic approach for science and technology can be facilitated to create the next revolution in our field.
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Tomašević, Dragan, Dragan Milić, and Goran Šatara. "Evaluation and prediction of the development of fitness clubs in Serbia." In Antropološki i teoantropološki pogled na fizičke aktivnosti (10). University of Priština – Faculty of Sport and Physical Education in Leposavić, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.5937/atavpa24006t.
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As we enter the 21st century, one of the greatest achievements to be celebrated is the continuous pursuit of fitness since the dawn of man's existence. During prehistoric times, man's quest for fitness was followed by a desire to survive through hunting and gathering. Today, although they no longer affect subsistence needs, fitness is still important to health and well-being. The history of fitness starts from primitive man to the basis of modern movement and movement. The aim of the work is to determine the real possibilities of development of fitness clubs in Serbia based on representative data on the state of the clubs and their quality. The sample of respondents consisted of owners or managers of fitness clubs from the entire territory of the Republic of Serbia. The number of clubs where data was collected is N=110. The *QUESTIONNAIRE used is a modified version (with their permission) of the German fitness association DSSV. We can say that the clubs in Serbia are well developed. The number of fitness clubs in Serbia is still not in line with the European average. The trend in the number of members of fitness clubs in Serbia is increasing. In relation to these results, we can conclude that there are real possibilities for the development of fitness clubs in Serbia in accordance with European standards. It is estimated that the number of clubs in Serbia will grow at this rate for a maximum of 3 more years.
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Lichtenstein, Gary, and James S. Collofello. "Infusing Entrepreneurial Mindset Into Engineering Education: Five Strategies for Implementation Success." In ASME 2020 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/imece2020-24644.
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Abstract The Ira A. Fulton Schools of Engineering (FSE) received a two-year grant to institutionalize entrepreneurial mindset (EM) throughout the college. This paper summarizes the history of entrepreneurial education in engineering, then reviews metrics of initial implementation success across 17, ABET-accredited programs. Five strategies were deployed during the implementation stage of the initiative, which strived to engage 66 faculty who taught one of three EM-focus courses in each undergraduate program: a first-year engineering course, a required design or technical course in the second or third year, and Capstone. Strategies were: 1) Adopting a 21st Century Engineer orientation to entrepreneurial education; 2) Operationalizing EM using a single, consistent framework across all courses and programs; 3) Modeling implementation based on ABET accreditation processes; 4) Infusing the initiative with substantial faculty support; and 5) Incentivizing faculty with stipends to promote initial implementation. Challenges revolve around sustaining implementation while improving effectiveness of EM instruction and assessment, particularly after grant funding. Lessons learned are that 1) institutionalization of the initiative needs to be strategized during initial implementation and 2) faculty are more likely to support an initiative that includes activities and outcomes about which they have always cared, including student success, professional development, and collegial interaction.
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Ba Trinh, Nguyen. "Human History Is Convergent History." In 2nd International Conference on Social Sciences in the 21st Century. GLOBALKS, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.33422/2nd.ics21.2020.03.117.
Full textReports on the topic "State, The – History – 21st century"
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Stavrakis, Peter J. Shadow Politics: The Russian State in the 21st Century. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, December 1997. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada336600.
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Yatsymirska, Mariya. Мова війни і «контрнаступальна» лексика у стислих медійних текстах. Ivan Franko National University of Lviv, March 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.30970/vjo.2023.52-53.11742.
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The article examines the language of the russian-ukrainian war of the 21st century based on the materials of compressed media texts; the role of political narratives and psychological-emotional markers in the creation of new lexemes is clarified; the verbal expression of forecasts of ukrainian and foreign analysts regarding the course of hostilities on the territory of Ukraine is shown. Compressed media texts reflect the main meanings of the language of the russian-ukrainian war in relation to the surrounding world. First of all, the media vocabulary was supplemented with neologisms – aggressive and sad: “rashism”, “denazification”, “katsapstan”, “orks”, “rusnia”, “kremlins”, “parebrik”, “in the swamps”, “nuclear dictator”, “putinism”, “two hundred” and others. Numerals acquired new expressive and evaluative meanings: “200s” (dead), “300s” (wounded), “400s” (russian military personnel who filed reports for termination of the contract), “500s” (hopelessly drunk russian soldiers, alcoholics who are unable to perform combat tasks). The language of war intensified the slogans of the struggle for state independence and people’s freedom. The scope of the greeting “Glory to Ukraine! – Glory to Heroes!”. New official holidays have appeared in the history of Ukraine since 2014: “Heroes of the Heavenly Hundred” Day (February 20), “Ukrainian Volunteer Day” (March 14), “Defenders and Defenders of Ukraine Day” (October 14), “Volunteer Day” (5 December). As you know, the professional holiday of the military is the Day of the Armed Forces of Ukraine” (December 6). A special style is characteristic of media texts on military topics: “Iron Force of Ukraine” (Iron Force of Ukraine), “digitize the Army” (for effective simulation of military operations); “grain corridor” (export of Ukrainian grain to African and European countries); “don’t let Ukraine lose” (the position of the Allies at the first stage of the war), “Ukraine must win!” (the position of the Allies in the second stage of the war); “in the Russian-Ukrainian war, the thinking of the 19th century collided with the thinking of the 21st century”, “a politician is a person who understands time” (Grigori Yavlinskyy, Russian oppositionist); “aggressive neutrality” (about Turkey’s position); “in Russia”, “there, in the swamps” (in Russia), “weak, inadequate evil” (about Russia), “behind the fence”; “a great reset of the world order”; “technology of military creativity”; “they are not Russian and not Ukrainian, they are Soviet”, “people without mentality”, “in Ukraine and without Ukraine” (Vitaly Portnikov about a separate category of Russian-speaking citizens in Ukraine); “information bed of Ukraine” (about combat operations on the front line; “when a descendant asks me what I did in those terrifying moments, I will know what to answer. At the very least, I did not stand aside” (opinion of a Ukrainian fighter). Compressed in media texts is implemented in the headline, note, infographic, chronicle, digest, help, caption for photos, blitz poll, interview, short articles, caricature, visual text, commercial, etc. Researchers add “nominative-representative text (business card text, titles of sections, pages, names of presenters, etc.) to concise media texts for a functional and pragmatic purpose.” accent text (quote, key idea); text-navigator (content, news feed, indication of movement or time); chronotope”. A specific linguistic phenomenon known as “language compression” is widespread in media texts. Language compression is the art of minimization; attention is focused on the main, the most essential, everything secondary is filtered out. Compression uses words succinctly and sparingly to convey the meaning as much as possible. For example, the headline “Racism. What is the essence of the new ideology of the Russian occupiers?”. The note briefly explains the meaning of this concept and explains the difference from “nazism” and “fascism”. Key words: compressed media text, language compression, language of war, emotional markers, expressive neologisms, political journalism.
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Fitz, Julie, Stephanie Levin, and Marjorie E. Wechsler. Developing educational leaders in California: The 21st Century California School Leadership Academy. Learning Policy Institute, May 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.54300/515.306.
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The purpose of this study was to understand how 21CSLA is meeting the professional learning needs of educational leaders, how the academy fits within the broader state infrastructure for supporting educational improvement, and how state agencies can enable 21CSLA to contribute to an effective educational leader workforce. The study is based on a review of internal and external evaluation results; materials posted on California Department of Education (CDE), 21CSLA State Center, and regional academy websites; and interviews with regional academy leaders, State Center leaders, and internal and external program evaluators.
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Jiang, Xiaowei, and John Cherry. History and Hydraulics of Flowing Wells. The Groundwater Project, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.21083/cpet1503.
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Because flowing wells are spectacular visual evidence of groundwater occurrence, they became the impetus for both qualitative and quantitative groundwater science. The pursuit of answers to fundamental questions generated by flowing wells in confined aquifers bounded by aquitards moved the science forward for more than a century until pumping became the main form of groundwater development. Since the turn of the 20th century, flowing wells in unconfined aquifers were an impetus for the paradigm shift from aquitard-bound flow to cross-formational flow driven by topography. In this book, the histories of drilling flowing wells in France, the US, Canada, and China—which led to important findings on hydraulics of flowing wells—are summarized. The occurrence of flowing wells in confined aquifers, unconfined aquifers and semi-confined aquifers are demonstrated by showing the corresponding forms of topography-driven groundwater flow from recharge to discharge areas in different aquifers. This book introduces classic models of steady-state and transient discharge rates from flowing wells without considering basinal groundwater flow fields as proposed by Dupuit (1863), Jacob and Lohman (1952), and Hantush (1959). Recent models of transient and steady-state discharge rates of flowing wells that consider basinal groundwater flow fields—which led to a clear understanding of sources of water derived in flowing wells—are also introduced. By providing a comprehensive description of flowing wells, this book is useful not only to understanding hydraulics of flowing wells, but also to understanding the history of groundwater science.
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Lowe, Hilary. ?To Keep a Birthplace?: An Administrative History of John Fitzgerald Kennedy National Historic Site. National Park Service, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.36967/2302805.
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The National Park Service (NPS) opened the John Fitzgerald Kennedy National Historic Site (JOFI), in Brookline, Massachusetts in 1969 to commemorate the life of the 35th president, John F. Kennedy, at the home where he was born in 1917. The site was a gift from Rose Kennedy, and the Kennedy family, to the nation. It joined the Park Service initially as part of a unit managed by the Boston Service Group, a regional administrative unit that managed many parks and units that were in development and several small sites. The Administrative History traces the history of the establishment and management of John Fitzgerald Kennedy National Historic Site from efforts to commemorate the house during his presidency through the beginning of the 21st century.
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Burns-Dans, Elizabeth, Alexandra Wallis, and Deborah Gare. A History of the Architects Board of Western Australia, 1921-2021. The Architects Board of Western Australia and The University of Notre Dame Australia, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.32613/reports/2021.1.
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An economic and population boom in the 1890s created opportunities for architects to find work and fame in Western Australia. Architecture, therefore, became a viable profession for the first time, and the number of practicing architects in the colony (and then state) quickly grew. Associations such as the Western Australian Institute of Architects were established to organise the profession, but as the number of architects grew and Western Australian society matured, it became evident that a role for government was required to ensure practice standards and consumer protection. In 1921, therefore, the Architects Act was passed, and, in the following year, the Architects Board of Western Australia was launched. This report traces the evolution and transformation of professional architectural practice since then, and evaluates the role and impact of the Board in its first century.
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Kenes, Bulent. NMR: A Nordic neo-Nazi organization with aims of establishing totalitarian rule across Scandinavia. European Center for Populism Studies (ECPS), April 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.55271/op0008.
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Right-wing extremism and national socialism (Nazism) are not a new phenomenon in Sweden. White supremacists or neo-Nazis have a long history in the country. Nordic Resistance Movement (Nordiska motståndsrörelsen, NMR) rests on this century-long history of Swedish Nazi and Neonazi activism. Including racism, antisemitism, anti-immigration, and anti-globalisation stances with violent tendencies, NMR which aims to overthrow the democratic order in the Nordic region and establish a national socialist state, has become the primary force of white power in Sweden and other Nordic countries.
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Saleem, Raja M. Ali, Ihsan Yilmaz, and Priya Chacko. Civilizationist Populism in South Asia: Turning India Saffron. European Center for Populism Studies (ECPS), February 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.55271/pp0009.
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The 21st century has witnessed a significant shift in how the concept of nationalism is understood. A political marriage between identity politics and populism has resulted in “civilizationism,” a new form of nationalism that entails an emotionally charged division of society into “the people” versus “the Other.” All too often, the divisive discourses and policies associated with civilizationalist populism produce intercommunal conflict and violence. This paper draws on a salient case study, India’s Hindutva movement, to analyze how mainstream populist political parties and grassroots organizations can leverage civilizationist populism in campaigns to mobilize political constituencies. In surveying the various groups within the Hindutva movement and conducting a discourse analysis of their leaders’ statements, the paper shows the central role of sacralized nostalgia, history, and culture in Hindutva populist civilizationism. By analyzing the contours and socio-political implications of civilizationist populism through this case study, the paper contributes to the theoretical understanding of the concept more generally.
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Jiménez, Carmen Rodríguez, Juan Carlos De la Cruz Campos, María Natalia Campos Soto, and Magdalena Ramos Navas-Parejo. Teaching and Learning Mathematics in Primary Education: the role of ICT. A systematic review of the literature. INPLASY - International Platform of Registered Systematic Review and Meta-analysis Protocols, November 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.37766/inplasy2022.11.0083.
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Review question / Objective: The aim of this paper is to provide a detailed view of how the role of ICT is being dealt with in the scientific literature within the mathematics teaching-learning process , specifically at the Primary Education stage, as this has certain specific characteristics that influence this process. The aim is to show the state of this literature and of this research, to check where the focus of attention is, what aspects are highlighted and researched, what elements the research focuses on and where the greatest innovations can be found. Condition being studied: Innovative methodologies using ICT for teaching mathematics in primary education, which can be very effective and appropriate for the students of the 21st century.
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BALYSH, A. HOUSING CONSTRUCTION IN THE USSR IN THE 20T-30TH OF THE TWENTIETH CENTURY AND THE INFLUENCE OF THIS FACTOR ON THE DEVELOPMENT OF HEAVY AND DEFENSE INDUSTRY. Science and Innovation Center Publishing House, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.12731/2077-1770-2021-13-4-2-14-23.
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The aim of the article. How state-of-the-art in the field of home building influenced onto capital constructing in defense industry, putting into exploitation and operation of the new military plants during the industrialization period is examined. Methodology. General principles of historism and objectivity are the theoretical-methodological base of this work. Author also uses special historical methods: logic, systematic, chronological, actualisation and periodizing. Results. This article is based on documents storing in the Russian State Archive and Russian State Economical Archive. Collections of historical documents related to the Soviet period of Russian history are also used. On the base of these documents it is shown that poor situation in the field of home building was the reason of persistent deficits of building and exploitation workers. Due to this fact it was impossible to apply the funds given by the Government for building some plants (especially at the periphery), building works were delayed and proper operation of already built ones was spoiled. These problems were not completely solved till the beginning of the Great Patriotic War. All this effected negatively to the Red Army combat readiness before and during the war, especially at the beginning period. Practical application. The field of results application. Practical significance of this work is as follows: the archive data, which are for the first time used for scientific investigation and also the conclusions formulated in this article can be used for further scientific research on the USSR military industry in the industrialization period and also for scientific research on the USSR period in general.