Dissertations / Theses: 'State of nature'

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Black, Marigold. "The Nature of a State in a State of Nature: The Earliest Imaginings of American Sovereignty, 1765-1776." Thesis, The University of Sydney, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/2123/17024.

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This thesis examines colonial perspectives of sovereignty on the eve of the American Revolution. It argues that between 1765 and 1776, the colonists of British America formulated a distinct impression of sovereignty made sensible by the particularities of existence on a vast continent remote from the metropole. Where historians tend to discount the colonists’ discursive contributions in this era, arguing that they ultimately concurred with the logic of established legal and political doctrines, this thesis shows that their impressions also diverged from tradition, entailing notions of place, prosperity, identity, and faith, as well as law and politics. It was during this period, marked by the devolution of relations with the mother country, that lawyers, landholders, merchants, clergymen, and politicians assembled in Congress to consider the nature of a state in a state of nature and imagine sovereignty at its most fundamental level. Where does sovereignty operate? What are its sources and principles? Who decides on its character? What is its purpose? And by what means does it function? By analysing the pamphlets, political treatises, and official records, against the informal discourse that took place within the correspondence and private reveries of individuals, this thesis discovers how the colonists posed and answered these questions. As I will show, they claimed meanings both abstract and material for sovereignty, as it became a general and unassailable mandate for a revolutionary course. What was most arresting about their conceptions, and what constitutes the central contention of this thesis was that against the backdrop of the American enlightenment, the idea of sovereignty they devised was unequivocally divine. The laws of nature and nature’s God shaped its legal form, the God-given right to property and a life of liberty shaped its narrated structures, orders of providence and a concern for the good of mankind shaped its practice and perceptibility, and attentions to virtue and a prevailing belief in the supreme sovereignty of God shaped the bond of its power. This thesis explores the ways in which the sacred quality of sovereignty became known and fashioned into the cohering imperative and foundational notion for the legitimation of a fully fleshed nation.

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Sargent, Brianna C. "The Hobbesian State of Nature Among Nations." Ashland University Honors Theses / OhioLINK, 2019. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=auhonors1556751283322051.

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3

Newton, Michael. "The child of nature the feral child and the state of nature /." Thesis, Online version, 1996. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?did=1&uin=uk.bl.ethos.244110.

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4

Dunser, Maria Lynn. "Reading nature, reading Eve reading human nature in John Milton's Paradise Lost /." Master's thesis, Mississippi State : Mississippi State University, 2008. http://library.msstate.edu/etd/show.asp?etd=etd-04032008-144046.

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5

Narasimhan, Ajay Tejasvi. "Toward Understanding the Nature of Leadership in Alleviating State Fragility." Scholarship @ Claremont, 2012. http://scholarship.claremont.edu/cgu_etd/27.

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Approximately sixty countries have been designated `Fragile States' by international development agencies. Home to two billion of the world's poorest people, these fragile states are characterized by violence, weak institutions and shattered economies. Not only do they pose a challenge to regional security, they often become the breeding grounds for terrorism. Donor agencies pour billions of dollars annually into these countries - through policy advice and conditional loans - to alleviate fragility and promote development. Development, however it is defined, involves economic, social and political transformation. Such a transformation is shaped by ideas, engages multiple interests, and proceeds within rules and norms set by political institutions. Since the structure of political institutions is influenced by human agency, leadership becomes important to study. Leadership is crucial particularly in fragile states, where institutions are weak or have been destroyed by conflict; however, a systematic effort to examine the role of leaders and coalitions in fragile states is lacking. This dissertation seeks to create a methodology to improve understanding of the role of different leadership strategies in bringing about transitions in and out of fragility. To make the scope manageable, the study focuses on: (i) leadership at the national level; and (ii) fragile states in Africa. It does so by examining: (i) evidence from country level panel data on leadership (regime) change and fragility; and (ii) in-depth analytical case studies of transitions in and out of fragility in four countries: Zimbabwe, Uganda, Rwanda, and South Africa. The analysis looks at the relationship between the change agent's leadership strategy (the independent variable: political participation and inclusion, economic growth and inclusion, and security and justice) and fragility outcomes (dependent variable: conflict and security indicators, economic indicators, and the approach to political inclusion). The results of the regression analysis exhibit a robust association between leadership change and fragility. Furthermore, the country cases show how different types of leadership strategies lead to varying trajectories of fragile states' post-transition. The case studies reveal different approaches to sequencing of political inclusion and the role of leadership exit in transitions from fragility.

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Acha, Elisabeth Juana. "The Peruvian state and the nature of the police forces." Thesis, London School of Economics and Political Science (University of London), 2001. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.249537.

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7

Castelblanco, Samantha A. "The Effects of Virtual Nature Exposure on State Social Motivation." Digital Commons @ East Tennessee State University, 2021. https://dc.etsu.edu/etd/3860.

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Social health is an important predictor of overall health. Yet, it is an often neglected area of research. Strikingly, social connectedness is associated with a 50% reduction in risk of early death. While a plethora of research evidence supports the beneficial impact of nature exposure on physical and mental health, literature regarding the beneficial impact of nature exposure on social health is scant. In fact, no research to date has investigated the causal influence of nature exposure on social motivation, a construct comprised here of three measures (State Motivation to Foster Social Connections, State Positive Affect, and State Anxiety). The purpose of this study was twofold: 1) to examine the effects of virtual nature exposure on state social motivation, and 2) to investigate adverse childhood experiences as a moderator of those effects. In this online study, adult participants (N = 444) aged 18 to 58 were randomly assigned to one of the three experimental video conditions (wilderness nature exposure, urban non-nature exposure, indoor non-nature exposure). After watching a 15-minute video, participants completed measures related to state social motivation. Results revealed a significant main effect of nature exposure on state social motivation. However, the effects of nature exposure on state social motivation were not significantly moderated by adverse childhood experiences. Results suggest that nature exposure may have a positive impact on the development and maintenance of social connections and should be explored further as a social health intervention aimed at improving overall health.

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Freitas, Willam Gerson de. "A trajetória agônica do homem hobbesiano." reponame:Repositório Institucional da UFC, 2011. http://www.repositorio.ufc.br/handle/riufc/25636.

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FREITAS, Willam Gerson de. A trajetória agônica do homem hobbesiano. 2011. 127f. – Dissertação (Mestrado) – Universidade Federal do Ceará, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Filosofia, Fortaleza (CE), 2011.
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The aim of this work is to discuss the concept of man on Thomas Hobbes in the three pillars that make up your theory: the state of nature, the contract and the State. First, it discusses the equality of men, the three causes of war of all against all, and how to understand the relationship between your theory and the historical moment in which he lived. Secondly, it is shown the concept of contract as a product of human capacity to transform the reality, and also the relationship between the mechanical and the moral, and the union of reason and passion in your anthropology. Finally, it analyzes the divine authority of the state and, because of this, the possibility of failure on the part of sovereign power with the rationale of the pact between individuals, which is the preservation of life. It intend to demonstrate that the seventeenth-century thinker sees the human condition as an agonizing journey, in which even the best guarantee of peace, the State, presents the possibility of serious drawbacks.
O objetivo deste trabalho é discutir a concepção de homem em Thomas Hobbes nos três pilares que compõe sua teoria: o estado natural, o contrato e o Estado. Em primeiro lugar, se analisa a igualdade entre os homens, as três causas da guerra de todos contra todos, e como compreender a relação entre a teoria do autor e o momento histórico em que ele viveu. Em segundo lugar, mostra-se a concepção de contrato como produto da capacidade humana de transformação da realidade e, ainda, a relação entre a mecânica e a moral, e a união de razão e paixões em sua antropologia. Por fim, destaca-se o Estado como detentor de uma autoridade divina e, em virtude disto, a possibilidade do descumprimento, por parte do poder soberano, com a razão de ser do pacto entre os indivíduos, a preservação da vida. Pretende-se demonstrar que o pensador seiscentista concebe a condição humana como uma trajetória agônica, na qual até mesmo a maior garantia de paz, o Estado, apresenta a possibilidade de sérios inconvenientes.

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Taggart, Paul A. "Green giants and sleeping giants: environmental interest group politics and the nature of the state." Thesis, Virginia Tech, 1988. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/44692.

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The neglect that recent political science has shown toward the concept of the State has drastically reduced the efiicacy of analyses of environmental interest group politics. This thesis is an attempt to introduce a revamped concept of the State into such an analysis. The State is defined as both administrative and ideological. Through drawing out the logic of the environmentalist position, it can be shown how environmentalism challenges both these aspects of the modem State. It will then be shown how the State plays a decisive role in setting the parameters in which interest group activity operates, and how those parameters dictate that only groups which deny the logic of their own environmental ideological position gain access to existing power structures. The State, through the marketization, scientization, and technologization of the issues, has effectively defined the language of debate. This language is not the natural language of environmentalism, just as the definitions of the arena, and the norms of legitimacy and behavior sanctioned by the State are unsuited to the claims of environmentalism. By showing that the State has both the capacity and the incentive to intervene, the original premise of bringing the State back in to this analysis of environmental interest group politics in the United States is justified.

Master of Arts

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10

Alarcón, Pedro [Verfasser]. "The Ecuadorian Oil Era : Nature, Rent, and the State / Pedro Alarcón." Baden-Baden : Nomos Verlagsgesellschaft mbH & Co. KG, 2021. http://d-nb.info/1225182034/34.

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11

Hoch, Richard J. "Uneven development of nature an historical geography of Ohiopyle State Park /." Morgantown, W. Va. : [West Virginia University Libraries], 1999. http://etd.wvu.edu/templates/showETD.cfm?recnum=880.

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Thesis (M.A.)--West Virginia University, 1999.
Title from document title page. Document formatted into pages; contains iv, 44 p. : col. map. Includes abstract. Includes bibliographical references (p. 42-44).

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Thornton, Helen Clare. "State of nature or Eden? : Thomas Hobbes and his contemporaries on the natural condition of human beings." Thesis, University of Hull, 2001. http://hydra.hull.ac.uk/resources/hull:3531.

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Thornton, Helen. "State of nature or Eden ? : Thomas Hobbes and his contemporaries on the natural condition of human beings /." Rochester (N.Y.) : the University of Rochester press, 2005. http://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb392803907.

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14

Williamson, Graham Scott, and n/a. "A Hobbesian theory of primitive state formation." University of Otago. Department of Philosophy, 2006. http://adt.otago.ac.nz./public/adt-NZDU20070117.155354.

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This thesis examines the question of how primitive states form. The first part of the thesis defines a state. I then analyse Hobbes�s Theory of the Commonwealth by Acquisition (TCA), expounded in Leviathan. I conclude that this theory fails as an answer to the question of how primitive states form as it suffers from at least five major flaws. I go on to explain, modify and correct Hobbes�s TCA through techniques that have been used in modern critiques of Hobbes�s Theory of the Commonwealth by Institution. The result is the strongest possible answer that Hobbes can give to the question of how primitive states form. I conclude that his attempt fails as even if the technical aspects of his theory can be fixed, the overall problem of empirical falsification occurs. I then put forward my own theory, based on the modified Hobbesian theory. The major innovation is the replacement of individuals with groups in the Hobbesian State of Nature. This move answers the problem of empirical falsification, at least initially. The theory also helps to explain several of the more technical problems with Hobbes�s theory. The resulting theory is a Hobbesian theory of primitive state formation. The next step in the thesis is to match the Hobbesian theory of primitive state formation to the empirical evidence of primitive state formation, represented by anthropology. I analyse the anthropological literature and put forward that at least one recent research program in anthropology matches my Hobbesian theory of primitive state formation. I conclude that Hobbesian theory, based on the TCA can be successfully modernised into a plausible answer to the question of how primitive states formed.

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15

Wendelken, David Ritchie. "Authoritarian conservative views on human nature, morality, sexuality, religion and the state." Thesis, University of Southampton, 1996. https://eprints.soton.ac.uk/427001/.

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Abdul, Kahlid. "Nature and scope of outdoor education in the city-state of Singapore." Thesis, University of Edinburgh, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/1842/31369.

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This study focuses on the analysis of collective meaning associated with secondary school-teachers' and outdoor practitioners' beliefs about the value of outdoor education in the city-state of Singapore. A phenomenographical approach was employed to map the qualitatively different ways in which people understand, perceive, or experience various aspects of outdoor education. By conducting in-depth interviews with school-teachers and outdoor practitioners (n=11), a range of beliefs about the value of outdoor education were revealed. Through a phenomenographic analysis framework, three conceptions were identified that detail the participants' collective meanings of the value of outdoor education; namely (a) belief in the value of outdoor environments in providing affordances for authentic, realistic learning, (b) belief in its value in fostering social emotional growth, physical and mental robustness, and (c) belief in the value of outdoor education as preparation for students' futures. A secondary research question considered the factors that influence the beliefs of the two sets of actors, teachers and outdoor practitioners, who are the focus of this study. The analysis and discussion focus on the context and meaning of the values ascribed to outdoor education as well as the factors that influenced the beliefs. The findings indicate that school-teachers and outdoor practitioners have strong beliefs about the value of outdoor education. This strong intrinsic belief is constructed through 'sense-making' of their own experiences in the outdoors. This suggests that there is value in investing in the continuing professional development of school-teachers and outdoor practitioners in their outdoor education practice, so that this increased capacity in their complementary roles can bring about the added value of outdoor education to students. Several recommendations for policy, practice as well as further research in the field are offered.

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Faiez, Bin Mohideen Abdul Kader Shahridan. "Mapping modernities in Trengganu : nature, Islam and the colonial state, 1850-1930." Thesis, University of Cambridge, 2002. https://www.repository.cam.ac.uk/handle/1810/273406.

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Pansarelli, Michelle Larissa Gandolfo. "Natureza e educação: uma leitura do Segundo discurso e do Emílio de Jean-Jacques Rousseau." Universidade de São Paulo, 2014. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/48/48134/tde-14102014-102343/.

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O presente trabalho busca analisar as obras de Rousseau Discurso sobre a Origem e os fundamentos da desigualdade entre os homens (Segundo discurso) e Emílio ou da Educação de forma a apresentá-las como obras complementares no que se refere aos conceitos de Natureza e educação. A hipótese central repousa na ideia de que Rousseau encontra, no Segundo discurso, um problema no desenvolvimento social da humanidade e busca, a partir da construção de um homem adequadamente educado no Emílio, concertar o erro cometido pela espécie no passado. Essa leitura nos leva a compreensão de que existe uma natureza humana dada pela natureza e uma segunda natureza construída pelo homem, a qual deve ser construída de forma a não prejudicar a primeira. A pesquisa é bibliográfica com caráter teórico e, subsidiariamente histórico. Foram consideradas em especial as duas obras clássicas tomadas como objeto de estudo.
This study seeks to analyze the works of Rousseau\'s Discourse on the Origin and Foundations of inequality among men (Second Discourse) and Emile, or on Education in order to present them as complementary works in relation to the concepts of life and education. The central hypothesis rests on the idea that Rousseau finds in his Second Discourse an issue in the social development of mankind and seek, troughout the construction of a properly educated man Emile , to fix the error comitted by our species in the past. This reading leads us to understand that there is a human nature given by Nature and a second nature built by man, which must be constructed so as not to undermine the first. This paper is based on bibliographic research with theoretical foundation and historical elements. Especial consideration was given to the two classical works subject of this study.

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LEITE, IARA COSTA. "THE REALIST EPIC REVISITED: DECONSTRUCTING THE STATE OF NATURE AS A DISCIPLINE TRADITION." PONTIFÍCIA UNIVERSIDADE CATÓLICA DO RIO DE JANEIRO, 2004. http://www.maxwell.vrac.puc-rio.br/Busca_etds.php?strSecao=resultado&nrSeq=5228@1.

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COORDENAÇÃO DE APERFEIÇOAMENTO DO PESSOAL DE ENSINO SUPERIOR
O propósito desta dissertação é desconsagrar o caráter heróico que a obra de Hobbes assumiu para os estudantes de relações internacionais ao ter sido enquadrada - junto às de Tucídides, Maquiavel, Rousseau, Hegel e etc. - na histórica épica realista. Veremos, no primeiro capítulo, que a subsunção do filósofo à tradição realista é raramente questionada, mesmo pelos críticos das concepções veiculadas por essa tradição. O nome de Hobbes permanece, em grande medida, associado à analogia entre anarquia internacional e estado de natureza. No segundo capítulo, deixaremos em evidência a confluência dos elementos do estado de natureza hobbesiano para a descrição/explicação da política internacional levada a cabo pelos ilustres expoentes do realismo, Hans Morgenthau e Kenneth Waltz. Por último, resgataremos o caráter hipotético do modelo de estado de natureza, dando ênfase especial ao reconhecimento de Hobbes à limitação de seu reducionismo motivacional para a descrição da realidade. Também, partindo do pressuposto de que a dicotomia interno-externo era inexistente na época de Hobbes, exploraremos, a partir de sua obra, o argumento de que a paz internacional estaria diretamente relacionada à resolução do problema da ordem nas sociedades domésticas.
The purpose of this dissertation is to deconsecrate the heroic status that international relations students have attached to Hobbes`s texts - an attachment that results from their inclusion, together with texts by Thucydides, Machiavelli, Rousseau and Hegel, in a realist epic history. In the first chapter, we will see that the subsuming of the philosopher under the realist tradition is rarely questioned, even by the critics of the conceptions endorsed by it. The name of Hobbes remains, in a large extent, associated to the analogy between international anarchy and the state of nature. In the second chapter, we`ll clarify the confluence from the elements of the hobbesian state of nature to the description/explanation of international politics elaborated by the two of realism`s remarkable exponents: Hans Morgenthau and Kenneth Waltz. For last, we`ll bring to light the hypothetical status of the state of nature model, emphasizing the fact that Hobbes himself recognized the limitation of its motivational reductionism to the description of reality. Also, having taken as a premise the fact that the dichotomy inside/outside did not exist in Hobbes`s time, we`ll explore the argument that international peace would be directly associated to the resolution of the problem of order in domestic societies.

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Franco, Arias Billy. "The binding nature of the opinions of the Supervisory Agency for State Procurement." Derecho & Sociedad, 2015. http://repositorio.pucp.edu.pe/index/handle/123456789/118471.

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In the first part of this essay, the author describes the regulatory regime governing the issuance of opinions by the Supervising Agency of the Government Procurement (OSCE) in Peru. In the second, there is a series of interpretative elements of the binding nature of opinions of OSCE that were provided by the legislature and that institution. The third is a review of the doctrinarian characteristics that defined the institution of the Administrative Advisory Service. And finally, in the fourth part, the author proposes an interpretation of the meaning and scope of the binding nature of opinions of OSCE, with focus on their application across the various stages of government procurement in Peru.
En la primera parte de este artículo se describe el régimen normativo que regula la emisión de opiniones por parte del Organismo Supervisor de las Contrataciones del Estado en el Perú. En la segunda, se recogen una serie de elementos interpretativos del carácter vinculante que el legislador nacional le ha dado a esas opiniones. La tercera hace una revisión de las características con que la doctrina define a la Función Administrativa Consultiva. Y en la cuarta, finalmente, se propone una interpretación del sentido y alcance del carácter vinculante de las opiniones, con especial énfasis en su aplicación durante las diversas etapasde la contratación pública en el Perú.

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Schäfer, Florian Mathis. "On the nature of anticausative morphology external arguments in change-of-state contexts /." [S.l. : s.n.], 2007. http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bsz:93-opus-33071.

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Lee, Sin-yee Cindy. "Developing a sustainable transport system in Hong Kong : the nature and impacts of planning and policy constraints /." Hong Kong : University of Hong Kong, 1998. http://sunzi.lib.hku.hk/hkuto/record.jsp?B19906602.

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Druzin, Bryan Howard. "Norm evolution without the state : an examination of the unique nature of commercial law." Thesis, University of British Columbia, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/2429/1596.

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The discussion examines the idea that because of its relatively unique nature, commercial law has the distinct ability to evolve and function in the absence of a central coercive authority. While law of a non-commercial nature generally requires the backing of a state through which to derive its efficacy, a great deal of commercial law as it exists today evolves often in the absence of a single coercive authority, shaped largely by market forces outside the purview of any one state power. To this end, we look primarily at transnational commercial law, specifically at what is commonly understood as the new law merchant. It is the central contention of this paper that commercial law stands apart from other forms of law in that it is uniquely equipped to generate norms in situations where a single legislative power is notably not present, as it is largely impacted by the choices and behaviour of individual economic actors. We examine the notion that the manner of interaction implied by commercial intercourse involves a higher degree of overall engagement. This we term ‘high engagement’, which we divide into two elements: repetition and game creation, which with reciprocity, works in tandem to produce identifiable legal norms and the subsequent compliance with them. In Part I, after presenting a brief overview of the idea of reciprocity and spontaneous law theory, a more detailed explanation of the notion of engagement is offered. In Part II, we set out exactly how high engagement facilitates the development of and compliance with legal norms. Finally, the conclusion this paper reaches is that this element of high engagement, a salient characteristic of commercial interaction, plays a decisive role in the ability of commercial law to evolve and function in the vacuum of a central legislative authority.

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Leopold, David. "Hegelianism, politics and human nature : the young Marx and the modern state, 1843-1845." Thesis, University of Oxford, 2004. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.402983.

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Snyder, Emma M. "Baseline Assessment of Dynamic Properties and Soil Resilience at Lawrence Woods State Nature Preserve." The Ohio State University, 2014. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1387362944.

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Jonathan, Pebworth Michael. "Evergreen struggle : federal wilderness preservation, populism, and liberalism in Washington State, 1935-1984 /." view abstract or download file of text, 2003. http://wwwlib.umi.com/cr/uoregon/fullcit?p3095270.

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Thesis (Ph. D.)--University of Oregon, 2003.
Typescript. Includes vita and abstract. Includes bibliographical references (leaves 453-468). Also available for download via the World Wide Web; free to University of Oregon users.

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Haykel, Bernard. "Order and righteousness : Muhammad ʻAli al-Shawkānī and the nature of the Islamic state of Yemen." Thesis, University of Oxford, 1997. http://ora.ox.ac.uk/objects/uuid:83fd25f6-ee9c-40bf-937f-a1dd2e2b8481.

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This thesis is about the life and thought of the scholar Muhammad b. ʻAli al-Shawkānī (d. 1250/1834) and his continuing influence on Yemeni law and society. It is argued here that in order to better understand Shawkānī one must look at the history of the Qāsimī imāmate he served. In the 17th century the imāms lived up to the ideal posited by Hādawī-Zaydī law. They were learned men and able military commanders in their own right and authority was largely based on charisma. In the 18th and 19th century in contrast, the imāms lacked the qualities evident in their predecessors and behaved more like kings. Rule became dynastic and took on patrimonial forms. A further development during the 18th century was the increasing influence of Sunnī Traditionist views among Zaydī-born scholars in northern Yemeni highlands. With the imāms now offering their support to Sunna-oriented scholars, the Hādawīs increasingly become marginalised. These changes were also accompanied by considerable territorial losses by the imāmate and a decline in its revenues generated from the coffee trade. The alliance between the imāms and the Sunna-oriented scholars became most evident when Shawkānī was appointed chief judge (qāḍī al-quḍāt) of the imāmate. It will be argued that his views on law and reform posited an alternative vision of order and righteousness to that espoused by Hādawīs. His teachings implied that he, in his capacity as mujtahid muṭlaq, was to be the ultimate legal authority to which others must defer. Moreover, his views on the institution of the imāmate refuted the conditions set by Hādawī law and legitimized the rule of the imāms he served. The imām, according to him, need not be a mujtahid and rebellion against him (even if he were unjust) was absolutely forbidden. With the support of the imāms, Shawkānī was able to implement his views. His influence was manifested in his ability to appoint his students to administrative posts throughout the realm. All of this engendered a reaction from the more traditional Zaydī scholars and several clashes, both scholarly and in the form of popular riots, ensued. After his death Shawkānī's views were carried on by his students who continued to teach his works and the Sunnī ḥadīth collections until modern times. The 20th century Ḥāmīd al-Dīn imāms were interested in publishing Shawkānī's works in order to show the wider Muslim world the convergence between Zaydism and Sunnism. After the 1962 revolution republican intellectuals further focused great attention on Shawkānī in order to undermine the legitimacy of the imīmic regime and for nationalist ends. By making appeal to his views they have tried to mould Yemeni religious identity away from the Zaydī legacy of the past.

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Heinonen, Hannu. "Regional integration and the state : the changing nature of sovereignty in Southern Africa and Europe /." [Helsinki] : Institute of Development Studies, University of Helsinki, 2006. http://www.loc.gov/catdir/toc/fy0703/2006499060.html.

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"Academic dissertation to be publicly discussed ... Faculty of Social Sciences at the University of Helsinki ... on the 9th of June 2006"--Added t.p.
Added t.p. inserted. Includes bibliographical references (p. 228-241).

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Wang, Chin-I. "The changing nature of China's economic governance : local variation's institutions and state-private sector relations." Thesis, University of Manchester, 2009. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.494296.

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China is one of the most significant 'transitional' economies in the world. It is widely accepted that China's economic governance, having already experienced a series of modifications, will probably require even more changes in the future. However, there are two considerations, of growing significance, with regards to any alterations in its system of economic governance; whether or not the current economic trajectory is sustainable and whether social unrest can be prevented. Previous research relevant to this topic has focused on the role of the central government. This thesis provides an alternative view on China's economic governance by focusing on its intermediate levels. The variation in local economic governance including its violation of central government decisions, during the process of implementation and the regionalisation of state-private sector relations are two primary foci of this thesis.

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Alhassan, Ayanniyi Bako. "The nature and causal factors of truancy in day secondary schools of Kaduna State, Nigeria." Thesis, Cardiff University, 1988. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.338146.

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Kean, Hilda Kathleen. "State education policy 1900-1930 : the nature of the socialist and teacher trade unionist response." Thesis, King's College London (University of London), 1988. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.308612.

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Bhattarai, Anil Rivkin-Fish Michele R. "Nature of Nepali state and hegemony of technocentrism and behaviorism in health practices in Nepal." Chapel Hill, N.C. : University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, 2008. http://dc.lib.unc.edu/u?/etd,1950.

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Thesis (M.A.)--University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, 2008.
Title from electronic title page (viewed Dec. 11, 2008). "... in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Master of Arts in the Department of Anthropology." Discipline: Anthropology; Department/School: Anthropology.

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Hwang, Jintae [Verfasser]. "A study of the state-nature relations in a developmental state : The case of South Korea’s water resource policy, 1961-2015 / Jintae Hwang." Bonn : Universitäts- und Landesbibliothek Bonn, 2015. http://d-nb.info/1077290322/34.

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Bryan, Joseph Daniel. "The Creation of a Radical System: Baron d'Holbach's Systeme de la Nature and the Enlightenment in Tension." NCSU, 2008. http://www.lib.ncsu.edu/theses/available/etd-03212008-132726/.

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Paul-Henri Thiry, Baron dâHolbach (1723-1789) was an important figure in the Enlightenment and has been a permanent fixture in Enlightenment scholarship throughout the twentieth century. Yet, while this scholarship has generally recognized dâHolbachâs role in the Enlightenment, he is cited more often for his salon (la Synagogue dâHolbach, la coterie holbachique) than for his thought. This traditional account of dâHolbach is being challenged by more recent scholars who assert the primacy of a âRadical Enlightenmentâ over and above that of a moderate and counter Enlightenment. They regard dâHolbach as the capstone of an intellectual movement that had exhausted its novelty, but they have failed to provide the detailed analysis that would substantiate this claim. I believe that dâHolbachâs magnum opus SystÃ¨me de la Nature combines intellectual traditions in a manner that goes beyond the traditional and current studies of the Enlightenment. An investigation of this work will not only serve to expose the varieties of thought on which dâHolbach based his system, but also show how dâHolbach constructed his system with scientific and philosophical ideas and a specific argumentative strategy. This analysis will show that totalizing syntheses of the Enlightenment have rarely accounted for the tension and diversity of eighteenth-century thought.

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Edghiem, F. "The nature and impact of service employees' innovative behaviour : a personal-interactive services perspective." Thesis, Liverpool John Moores University, 2015. http://researchonline.ljmu.ac.uk/4408/.

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The amount of research on service innovation rapidly increased since the start of the third millennium, likely due to the continuous diversification of manufacturing companies into the service sector and the decline of manufacturing in the traditional industrial western countries compared to the World’s emerging economies. Service innovation, furthermore, has received significant attention from academics and practitioners alike and has been increasingly perceived as a means of creating competitive advantage. Arguably, this is due to the growing competition between service companies to reach unconventional levels which led to higher customer expectations of continuous improvement of services. This study investigated the nature and impact of service employees’ innovative behaviour leading to initiating innovation within the sub-sector of personal-interactive services, where the hotel sector was investigated respectively. In doing so, the study also critically reviewed the established literature relevant to service innovation and added further insight to previous research underpinning service employees’ role in initiating innovation. A qualitative case-study research strategy, which compared between three cases, was applied to achieve the objectives of the study. The application of qualitative case-study research allowed closer assessment and observation while the researcher was directly present within the service delivery environment. The combining of qualitative research methods, such as semi-structured interviews, focus groups and direct observation, was applied to congregate evidence of employees’ innovative behaviour patterns from multiple perspectives. The expected limitations of the applied research methods are classically associated with qualitative case-study research such as access barriers, high volume of data outcome and also the complications associated with data collection and analysis. The research findings contributed to the general body of knowledge by highlighting the nature and impact of service employees’ innovative behaviour. A novel classification of six innovative behaviour patterns was established under the three main categories of mandatory, quasi-mandatory and voluntary conduct. The research findings further revealed the significant impact of service employees’ innovative behaviour in initiating innovation, where 49 out of 70 innovative ideas were realised as innovations through employees’ innovative behaviour. The research also added further insight by identifying management procedures and motivation as contextual determinants that enable or inhibit service employees’ innovative behaviour.

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Van, Hyfte Melissa A. O'Neill Martin Anthony. "Defining visitor satisfaction in the context of camping oriented nature-based tourism within Alabama state parks." Auburn, Ala, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/10415/1910.

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Grenman, Jane. "Bisamråtta - ohyra eller guldgruva? : En studie över utredning och argumentationer gällande införsel av levande bisamråtta i Sverige 1916-1942." Thesis, Luleå tekniska universitet, Institutionen för ekonomi, teknik och samhälle, 2018. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:ltu:diva-71540.

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1916 infördes ett införselförbud för bisamråttan i Sverige, detta i kontext till ökad pälshandeloch inplanteringar av bisam runt om i Europa. En bisamråttekommité tillsattes 1938 för attutreda frågan rörande införselförbudet, därav denna studie. Genom en kvalitativ samt diskursivmetod har införselförbudet, mediediskursen samt utredningen som utgår från kommittén,studerats under perioden 1916–1942. Studien har visat på ett resultat av en varierandeargumentation där tre centrala huvudteman genomsyrat av ett fjärde har framkommit. De tretemana identifieras som tillståndsansökningar, utländska influenser samt ekonomi. Det fjärdetemat som genomsyrar hela studien är argumenten rörande införsel av den främmande arten,bisamråttan. Dessa läggs vidare i en bredare kontext och identifieras utifrån trehuvudargumentet, införselfrågan, skadegörelse samt ekonomi. Där en konstant argumentationrörande bisamråttefrågan visats över tid. Slutsatsen blir synliggörandet av statens makt övernaturen i relation till statens anspråk på att tillfredsställa ekonomiska behov i Norrland.
In 1916, a ban of import was issued on the muskrat in Sweden, in the context of increased furtrade and implantations of muskrat around Europe. A muskrat committee was appointed in1938 to investigate the issue of its prohibition, thereof this study. Through a qualitative anddiscursive method, the intrusion order, media dissertation and the inquiry based on thecommittee have been studied during the period 1916-1942. The study has shown a result of avaried argumentation in which three key main themes permeated by a fourth have beenemerged. The three themes are identified as license applications, foreign influences andeconomics. The fourth theme that permeates the entire study is the arguments concerning theintroduction of the foreign species, the muskrat. These are laid down in a broader context andidentified on the basis of three main arguments, question of import, damage and economics.Where a constant argument about the question of muskrat has been shown over time. Theconclusion becomes the visibility of the state's power over nature in relation to the state'sclaim to satisfy economic needs in Norrland.

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Talbert, Bradford N. "Development of the Characteristics of Science Questionnaire (CSQ): Assessing Student Knowledge of the Utah State Secondary Science Core Intended Learning Outcome 6 on the Nature of Science." Diss., CLICK HERE for online access, 2007. http://contentdm.lib.byu.edu/ETD/image/etd2107.pdf.

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Santana, Acuna Alvaro Agustin. "The Making of a National Cadastre (1763-1807): State Uniformization, Nature Valuation, and Organizational Change in France." Thesis, Harvard University, 2014. http://nrs.harvard.edu/urn-3:HUL.InstRepos:13065020.

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How does a cadastre, one of the modern state's most omnipresent and yet self-effacing instruments of power over territory and people, become national? How are the processes of nation-state formation and the rise of modern scientific expertise connected to the nationalization of a cadastre? This dissertation tackles both questions by studying the nationalization of the French cadastre between 1763 and 1807. This is one of the most influential national cadastres for it became the blueprint followed by many emerging nation-states in Europe and beyond. The literature has explained its nationalization as the outcome of straightforward state centralization. This dissertation, on the contrary, argues that the shift from local cadastres to a national cadastre was the result of a dual uniformization process: political (the spread of a discourse of administrative uniformity) and scientific (the emergence of professional land surveyors). To advance this argument, the dissertation uses historical methods and analyzes unstudied documentation from five archives. Contrary to the available literature, it finds that cadastral nationalization faced royal intendants' resistance (conventionally portrayed as hardcore state centralizers) and benefited from citizens' enthusiastic input (traditionally presented as opponents to projects of territorial nationalization). Furthermore, it finds that cadastral nationalization was implausible without the transformation of land surveying from a local manual art into a national scientific profession: the engineer-geographer. This modern expert produced standardized cadastral facts for the rising nation-state. Hence, the nationalization of the cadastre helped to reconcile the political ideal of revolutionary egalitarianism with the scientific practice of disciplinary impartiality. The approval of the national cadastre in 1807 marked the successful intersection of political and scientific uniformization. Due to the French cadastre' international influence, this dissertation makes three distinct and larger contributions. First, it brings to the forefront administrative uniformization as an understudied process of nation-state building. Second, it provides a new framework to understand how changes in bodily practices and instruments can enable the emergence of a modern scientific profession. And third it emphasizes that nation-state formation relies not only on the production of standardized individuals (citizens), but also the creation of a standardized "national nature," a lesser-studied phenomenon.
Sociology

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40

Fulks, Mark A. "Public service motivation in the Volunteer State| An inquiry into the nature and causes of public service motivation among attorneys employed by the state of Tennessee." Thesis, Tennessee State University, 2017. http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=10243033.

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Public Service Motivation is a leading issue in public administration literature. This study uses a mixed-methods research design and survey data to evaluate the existence of Public Service Motivation among attorneys employed by the State of Tennessee. The survey was distributed to the entire population of Tennessee-employed attorneys via e-mail and received 264 responses from 631 participants for a response rate of 41.8%. Data was collected using a survey instrument comprised of Perry’s (1996) Public Service Motivation scale, Lewis and Frank’s (2002) employment motivation scale, and six open-ended employment motivation questions developed by the researcher. The researcher analyzed the quantitative data using logistic regression and analyzed the qualitative data using content analysis. The quantitative analysis reveals that Perry’s scale—attraction to policy making, commitment to the public interest, and compassion—is not a good fit for the data. Several of Lewis and Frank’s predictor variables—provide a valuable public service, job security, high income, an interesting job, helping other people, and flexible working hours—are effective predictors. The qualitative analysis reveals that Perry’s scale is not an effective predictor of outcomes in the survey sample, while other motivational factors provide insight, including job characteristics, organizational characteristics, and mission valence. These results demonstrate that, when public sector attorneys in Tennessee are asked to identify their motivation in their own terms, public service motivation is not a significant motivator among the group as a whole. This study contributes to the literature by extending the study of Public Service Motivation to public sector attorneys employed by the State of Tennessee, using a mixed-methods approach, and answering calls for larger sample sizes, primary data, and contextual realism. The results suggest that additional research is needed to determine why Perry’s scale does not fit the data in this particular context.

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Jodlowski, Mark T. "EXTENDING LONG TERM WORKING MEMORY THEORY TO DYNAMIC DOMAINS: THE NATURE OF RETRIEVAL STRUCTURES IN SITUATION AWARENESS." MSSTATE, 2008. http://sun.library.msstate.edu/ETD-db/theses/available/etd-04032008-170735/.

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Research suggests situation awareness supports operator performance (e.g., Durso, Truitt, Hackworth, Crutchfield, & Manning, 1998), however no consensus definition exists (Rousseau, Tremblay, & Breton, 2004). One framework that incorporates most definitions is Endsleys (1995a) hierarchical view. It includes perception of elements in the environment, comprehension, and projection of future status. Although the literature has slowly begun to accept a hierarchical view of situation awareness, evidence supporting this claim is limited and indirect. Several researchers have suggested that long-term working memory (LTWM), a theory of a memory process that explains how individuals can rapidly encode information in long-term memory and retrieve information from long-term memory, supports the development of situation awareness. However, a critical review of past research reveals that it cannot be concluded that long-term working memory was being employed, and therefore the role that LTWM plays in situation awareness is still uncertain. To address these issues, ten instrument-rated pilots provided verbal reports while watching various flight scenarios unfold. Periodically, the simulation froze and the screen went blank. While the screen was blank, pilots answered questions about the current flight situation either immediately or after completing a 30 second working-memory-intensive task that precluded working memory involvement in performance. Responses to the questions were used to assess pilot situation awareness. Results indicate that situation awareness is hierarchical in nature and that the familiar mechanisms of LTWM are evident in pilot verbal protocols and measures of situation awareness. Hierarchical regression analyses revealed that characteristics associated with pilot training methodologies in conjunction with familiar mechanisms of LTWM predict measures of situation awareness. It was also revealed that pilots focus on position and control information more so than specific instrument values. Data are consistent with pilot utilization of a retrieval structure where the pilots mental representation of the situation is driven by strategy. They are also consistent with a comprehension-based model of dynamic environments (Durso, Rawson, & Girotto, 2007). Finally, these data suggest that an event-based training technique may facilitate developing and maintaining situation awareness.

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Freitas, Willam Gerson de. "A trajetÃria agÃnica do homem hobbesiano." Universidade Federal do CearÃ, 2011. http://www.teses.ufc.br/tde_busca/arquivo.php?codArquivo=19909.

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CoordenaÃÃo de AperfeÃoamento de Pessoal de NÃvel Superior
O objetivo deste trabalho Ã discutir a concepÃÃo de homem em Thomas Hobbes nos trÃs pilares que compÃe sua teoria: o estado natural, o contrato e o Estado. Em primeiro lugar, se analisa a igualdade entre os homens, as trÃs causas da guerra de todos contra todos, e como compreender a relaÃÃo entre a teoria do autor e o momento histÃrico em que ele viveu. Em segundo lugar, mostra-se a concepÃÃo de contrato como produto da capacidade humana de transformaÃÃo da realidade e, ainda, a relaÃÃo entre a mecÃnica e a moral, e a uniÃo de razÃo e paixÃes em sua antropologia. Por fim, destaca-se o Estado como detentor de uma autoridade divina e, em virtude disto, a possibilidade do descumprimento, por parte do poder soberano, com a razÃo de ser do pacto entre os indivÃduos, a preservaÃÃo da vida. Pretende-se demonstrar que o pensador seiscentista concebe a condiÃÃo humana como uma trajetÃria agÃnica, na qual atÃ mesmo a maior garantia de paz, o Estado, apresenta a possibilidade de sÃrios inconvenientes.
The aim of this work is to discuss the concept of man on Thomas Hobbes in the three pillars that make up your theory: the state of nature, the contract and the State. First, it discusses the equality of men, the three causes of war of all against all, and how to understand the relationship between your theory and the historical moment in which he lived. Secondly, it is shown the concept of contract as a product of human capacity to transform the reality, and also the relationship between the mechanical and the moral, and the union of reason and passion in your anthropology. Finally, it analyzes the divine authority of the state and, because of this, the possibility of failure on the part of sovereign power with the rationale of the pact between individuals, which is the preservation of life. It intend to demonstrate that the seventeenth-century thinker sees the human condition as an agonizing journey, in which even the best guarantee of peace, the State, presents the possibility of serious drawbacks.

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Braimoh, Durojaiye S. "The nature and quality of pre-service science teacher education and transition to teaching in Lagos State, Nigeria." Thesis, Edith Cowan University, Research Online, Perth, Western Australia, 2008. https://ro.ecu.edu.au/theses/225.

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The poor state of learning in pre-service science teacher education is typical. of the problems in the Nigeria education sector (Afe, 2001; Odubunmi, 2006; Okebukola, 2004). Little research based evidence about Nigerian pre-service science teacher education has been reported in the literature, however, this problem has been documented to be a common phenomenon among other African countries with similar programmes. This thesis reports a case study of the quality of a pre-seivice science teacher education programme in a Nigerian College of Education and the graduate teachers' transition to science teaching in Lagos State, Nigeria. Particular attention was given to issues which influence the quality of learning in the NCE science teacher education programme and transition to science teaching. The data were derived from the views and opinions of third year teacher education students, first-year junior secondary school science teachers, lecturers and other key stakeholders in science teacher education in Lagos State.

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Veras, Robson Pedro. "Rousseau e Kant: a liberdade ética a partir das luzes." Pontifícia Universidade Católica de São Paulo, 2017. https://tede2.pucsp.br/handle/handle/20785.

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Submitted by Filipe dos Santos (fsantos@pucsp.br) on 2018-01-23T11:29:49Z No. of bitstreams: 1 Robson Pedro Veras.pdf: 1363834 bytes, checksum: d7448ae6d41c0f941804deefe23eb480 (MD5)
Made available in DSpace on 2018-01-23T11:29:49Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Robson Pedro Veras.pdf: 1363834 bytes, checksum: d7448ae6d41c0f941804deefe23eb480 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2017-12-08
Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior - CAPES
The aim of this study is to demonstrate how the concept of freedom prescribed by Jean-Jacques Rousseau and Immanuel Kant moved from the state of nature to the civil state thus constituting certain ethics as heritage. The justification for this study is the premise of terms from the XVIII century on a certain modification in the philosophical locus referent to the form of perceiving freedom. The main issue so to speak here presented demonstrates a form of perception of the free man regarding their action. It is in the autonomy of the being who acts the Division between the primitive and the civil man. While the civil man acts moved by moral imperatives (categorical imperative), the natural man has their actions unfolded for their mere survival and because of this, among other possibilities, they can have fear as an inclination. Therefore, the result is pointed out as the prerogative that freedom in a civil state is prescribed as an apodictic flow of the general willingness which will invariably define the course of action of those who join the same society. The civil liberty abandons a puerile form of action and replaces it with the prerogative of protection of those who accept the guardianship of the State. Men now seek the collective well-being as the greater need in their actions
O objetivo desta pesquisa é demonstrar como o conceito de liberdade, prescrito por Jean-Jacques Rousseau e Immanuel Kant, ao transitar do estado de natureza para o estado civil teria constituído certa ética como herança dessa passagem. Este estudo se justifica pela premissa de termos no século XVIII certa modificação no locus filosófico referente à forma de percepção da liberdade. Por assim dizer, o problema central apresentado aqui demonstra a forma de percepção do homem livre no que tange sua ação. Está na autonomia do ser que age a cisão entre o ser primitivo e o civil. Enquanto o homem civil age movido por imperativos morais (imperativo categórico), o natural tem suas ações desdobradas em função de sua mera subsistência e por isso pode ter, dentre outras possibilidades, o medo como inclinação. Desse modo, aponta-se como resultado a condição de que a liberdade em estado civil ao ser prescrita como fluxo apodíctico da vontade geral definirá, invariavelmente, a forma de agir daqueles que se filiam à mesma sociedade. A liberdade civil abandona a forma pueril de ação do homem e a substitui pela prescrição da proteção daqueles que aceitam a tutela do Estado. O homem passa a buscar o bem-estar coletivo como pressuposto maior de suas ações

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Mathebula, Percy. "Examining the nature and scope of strategic entrepreneurship in stateowned companies : an exploratory study." Diss., University of Pretoria, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/2263/26508.

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This study sought to examine strategic entrepreneurship and issues surrounding this type of activity in a public sector context. The concept of strategic entrepreneurship has received increasing attention in recent years; however, limited studies have focused on strategic entrepreneurship as a distinct construct in public sector context. Consequently, the objective of this study was to address the question of “What is the nature and scope of strategic entrepreneurship in the context of South Africa’s SOEs” through examination of theory and practice. The research question is addressed by first developing a revised framework of strategic entrepreneurship from literature on entrepreneurship, strategy, and public sector context. This revised framework is then examined on activity which is entrepreneurial and strategic within four SOEs operating South Africa as at 2011. Transcripts from a series of interviews, and publicly available documents are analysed thematically. The study identified additional supporting and external factors of strategic entrepreneurship which form a revised conceptual framework of strategic entrepreneurship. The study showed core, supporting, and the external environment elements of strategic entrepreneurship contribute to the increased level of entrepreneurial activity in the public sector context, in particular state-owned enterprises.
Dissertation (MBA)--University of Pretoria, 2011.
Gordon Institute of Business Science (GIBS)
unrestricted

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Almarri, J. (Jasem). "Social entrepreneurship in practice:the multifaceted nature of social entrepreneurship and the role of the state within an Islamic context." Doctoral thesis, Oulun yliopisto, 2014. http://urn.fi/urn:isbn:9789526204390.

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Abstract This research explores social entrepreneurship within the Islamic context through a number of perspectives. While there has been plenty of scientific research on social entrepreneurship during the last decades, non-Western settings are largely missing from academic research. Nevertheless, social entrepreneurship is also practiced in non-Western nations, no less so in the GCC countries. This research explores the multifaceted nature of social entrepreneurship within the Islamic GCC context through three qualitative research papers. The strong role and influence of social entrepreneurship was seen as the connecting theme between these three papers. Social entrepreneurship comes in many shapes and sizes and is visible at many levels of organization. Nation states display it as do even wider, shared belief systems. The multifaceted nature of social entrepreneurship is revealed when approached from several perspectives. The first paper approaches it from a social and commercial perspective, utilizing a case study method. The second paper is a conceptual paper that approaches social entrepreneurship from a more religious and philanthropic perspective by focusing on zakat. In the third paper, social entrepreneurship is studied from the perspective of leadership and state using a historical case study. The findings of these three papers reveal that the interaction between the different functions of social entrepreneurs is both complex and multifaceted. One of the reasons for this is that the boundaries within which the social entrepreneurs operate are highly multidimensional. The Islamic context encompasses both institutional entrepreneurship and Islamic philanthropy, and sees them as essential and often also inseparable parts of it - perhaps even more so than in a Western context. This research shows that the state has a strong supporting role in social entrepreneurship and even acts as social entrepreneur. Thus, in the Islamic context, the effects of social entrepreneurship (through zakat institutions) actually foster the interaction and spread of social entrepreneurs, institutional entrepreneurs and Islamic philanthropists across multiple institutional spheres
Tiivistelmä Tässä väitöskirjassa tutkitaan sosiaalista yrittäjyyttä islamilaisessa kontekstissa useasta eri perspektiivistä. Vaikka viimeisten vuosikymmenten aikana on tehty paljon akateemista tutkimusta sosiaalisesta yrittäjyydestä, tutkimus länsimaiden ulkopuolisisissa konteksteissa on ollut hyvin vähäistä. Siitä huolimatta sosiaalista yrittäjyyttä on harjoitettu myös muualla kuin länsimaissa, kuten myös Persianlahden arabivaltioissa, GCC maissa. Tämä tutkimus käsittelee sosiaalisen yrittäjyyden monitahoista ilmentymää islamilaisissa GCC maissa kolmen kvalitatiivisen artikkelin kautta. Sosiaalisen yrittäjyyden vahva rooli ja sen erilaiset vaikutukset ovat yhdistävä teema näissä kolmessa artikkelissa. Sosiaalinen yrittäjyys ilmenee monessa eri muodossa ja eri kokoisissa yrityksissä ja sen vaikutus on nähtävissä useissa organisaation eri tasoissa. Sosiaalista yrittäjyyttä on havaittavissa myös valtiotasolla ja jopa suuremmissa uskomuskunnissa. Sosiaalisen yrittäjyyden monitahoisuus ilmenee, kun sitä lähestytään useasta perspektiivistä. Ensimmäinen artikkeli lähestyy tätä ilmiötä sosiaalisesta ja kaupallisesta perspektiivistä hyödyntäen tapaustutkimusta tutkimusmenetelmänä. Toinen tutkimusartikkeli on käsitteellinen tutkimus, joka lähestyy sosiaalista yrittäjyyttä enemmän uskonnollisesta ja filantropisesta lähtökohdasta keskittymällä zakat-käsitteeseen. Kolmannessa artikkelissa sosiaalista yrittäjyyttä tutkitaan johtamisen ja valtiotason näkökulmista historiallisen tapaustutkimusmenetelmän avulla. Tutkimuksen tulokset paljastavat, että vuorovaikutus sosiaalisten yrittäjien eri toimintojen välillä on sekä monimutkaista että monitahoista. Yksi selitys tälle on, että rajapinta jonka puitteissa sosiaaliset yrittäjät toimivat, on erittäin moniulotteinen. Institutionaalinen yrittäjyys ja islamilainen filantropia ovat erottamaton osa sosiaalista yrittäjyyttä islamilaisessa kontekstissa, ehkä jopa suuremmassa määrin kuin länsimaisissa konteksteissa. Tämä tutkimus osoittaa että valtiolla on vahva avustava rooli sosiaalisessa yrittäjyydessä ja valtio voi jopa käyttäytyä sosiaalisen yrittäjän tavoin. Täten sosiaalisen yrittäjyyden vaikutus islamilaisessa kontekstissa (zakat-instituution kautta) vahvistaa sosiaalisten yrittäjien, institutionaalisten yrittäjien ja islamilaisten filantrooppien vuorovaikutusta ja vaikutusvallan leviämistä yli instituutiorajojen

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Horiuchi, Sachio. "A Study on Nature and Origin of Strongly Stabilized Metallic State in Organic Charge-Transfer Complexes of BEDO-TTF." 京都大学 (Kyoto University), 1997. http://hdl.handle.net/2433/160923.

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本文データは平成22年度国立国会図書館の学位論文(博士)のデジタル化実施により作成された画像ファイルを基にpdf変換したものである
Kyoto University (京都大学)
0048
新制・課程博士
博士(理学)
甲第6689号
理博第1824号
新制||理||994(附属図書館)
UT51-97-H73
京都大学大学院理学研究科化学専攻
(主査)教授斎藤軍治, 助教授吉村一良, 助教授矢持秀起
学位規則第4条第1項該当

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Heacock, Holly. "Progressive Education in Appalachia: East Tennessee State Normal School and Appalachian State Normal School." Digital Commons @ East Tennessee State University, 2017. https://dc.etsu.edu/honors/378.

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In this thesis, I am examining how East Tennessee State Normal School in East Tennessee and Appalachian State Normal School in Western North Carolina interpreted progressive education differently in their states. This difference is that East Tennessee State began as a state funded school to educate future teachers therefore their school and their curriculum was more rounded and set to a structured schedule. Appalachian State Normal School was initially founded to educate the uneducated in the “lost provinces” therefore, curriculum was even more progressive than East Tennessee State’s – based strongly on the practices of farming, woodworking, and other practical skills. I will also be looking at what these different interpretations tell about the states, what it says about the Appalachia region, and how both schools applied these progressive ideas in their schools. Lastly, I will be answering how Progressive education, and normal schools affected the communities in East Tennessee and Western North Carolina.

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Van, Dyke Christopher. "Changing States: Using State-and-Transition Models to Evaluate Channel Evolution Following Dam Removal Along the Clark Fork River, Montana." UKnowledge, 2015. http://uknowledge.uky.edu/geography_etds/31.

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Located just east of Missoula, Montana, Milltown Dam stood from 1908 to 2008 immediately downstream of the Clark Fork River’s confluence with the Blackfoot River. After the discovery of arsenic-contaminated groundwater in the nearby community of Milltown, as well as extensive deposits of contaminated sediment in the dam’s upstream reservoir, in 1981, the area was designated a Superfund site – along with much of the Upper Clark Fork Watershed. This motivated the eventual decision to remove the dam, perform environmental remediation, and reconstruct approximately five kilometers of the Clark Fork River and its floodplain. This study is part conceptual and part empirical. It describes a state-and-transition framework equipped to investigate channel evolution as well as the adjustment trajectories of other socio-biophysical landscapes. This framework is then applied to understand the post-restoration channel evolution of the Clark Fork River’s mainstem, secondary channels, and floodplain. Adopting a state-and-transition framework to conceptualize landscape evolution lets environmental managers more effectively anticipate river response under multiple disturbence scenarios and therefore use more improvisational and adaptive management techniques that do not attempt to guide the landscape toward a single and permanent end state. State-and-transition models can also be used to highlight the spatially explicit patterns of complex biophysical response. The state-and-transition models developed for the Clark Fork River demonstrate the possibility of multiple evolutionary trajectories. Neither the secondary channels nor the main channel have responded in a linear, monotonic fashion, and future responses will be contingent upon hydrogeomorphic and climatic variability and chance disturbances. The biogeomorphic adjustments observed so far suggest divergent evolutionary trajectories and that in some instances the long-term fates of the mainstem, floodplain, and secondary channels are inescapably enmeshed with one another.

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Mumba, Frackson Hunter William J. F. Lorsbach Anthony W. "Influence of explicit instruction and reflection on mathematics and science teaching fellows' views of the nature of science." Normal, Ill. : Illinois State University, 2005. http://wwwlib.umi.com/cr/ilstu/fullcit?p3196640.

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Thesis (Ed. D.)--Illinois State University, 2005.
Title from title page screen, viewed September 27, 2006. Dissertation Committee: William J.F. Hunter, Anthony Lorsbach (co-chairs), Jerry L. Jinks, Thomas Crumpler. Includes bibliographical references (leaves 240-257) and abstract. Also available in print.

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Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'State of nature'

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