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Eleffendi, Mohd Amir. "In-service estimation of state of health of power modules." Thesis, University of Nottingham, 2016. http://eprints.nottingham.ac.uk/32913/.
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The in-service reliability of power electronics modules during their normal operation in their work environment is a major concern for application developers. Failure mechanisms act on power modules limiting their lifetime and leading to unpredictable interruptions of power converter operation. That reduces the availability of power converters and can have large financial and safety implications in applications such as in wind turbines and railway traction. Therefore, many attempts are made to use Physics-of-Failure models to estimate the lifetime of power modules while in service utilizing the rainflow counting algorithm. However, large uncertainty in the lifetime estimate given by Physics-of-Failure methods limits the usefulness of that estimate and cannot help improving the availability of power converters. Condition Monitoring on the other hand provides information about the current health state of power modules based on online measurements of failure indicators that can be obtained from the power modules. This information can be used to inform the prognostics stage to provide an estimate of lifetime based on PoF models and online measurements in a Fusion-based approach such that uncertainty in the resulting lifetime estimate can be reduced. In this thesis, the main emphasis is to use online measurement data of failure indicators that can be obtained during the normal operation of power modules to infer the health status of the power module. Failure indicators such as the on-state voltage and junction temperature are estimated or measured online from the power converter. They are indicative of the two dominant failure mechanisms of power modules which are wire-bond lift-off and solder fatigue. Therefore, different simultaneous failure mechanisms can be discriminated. However, in order to infer the health information from the online measurement and discriminate between failure mechanisms, the measurement noise and the effects of operating conditions should be removed from the measurement. The approach proposed in this thesis is based on combining online measurements with pre-determined models of the power module in its original state. Comparing the online measurements with the models reveals the deviation of the power module from its original state. To achieve this, Kalman filter is used to estimate junction temperature based on a noisy estimate from a thermo-sensitive electrical parameter. In addition, measurement circuits are developed to realize the online measurements during normal operation of power modules. The health information inferred from the online measurement of failure indicators can be used in the future to estimate the remaining useful lifetime of the power modules and to inform the Physics-of-Failure models in a fusion framework in order to reduce the uncertainty in the lifetime estimates.
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Roti, Ingvild. "Sea State Limitations for the Deployment of Subsea Compression Station Modules." Thesis, Norges teknisk-naturvitenskapelige universitet, Institutt for marin teknikk, 2012. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:no:ntnu:diva-18460.
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Deployment of a large box structure in many sea states has been investigated. Two deployment methods are compared; crane installation over the side and through moonpool installation. The structure is 12 [m] long, 6 [m] wide and 12 [m] high with a mass of 250 [t]. Normand Subsea is used as installation vessel. Both JONSWAP and Torsethaugen wave spectra are used for crane lowering while only JONSWAP is used for moonpool installation.Splash zone lowering is seen as the most critical stage of the installation because hydrodynamic forces are largest at the surface. Hydrodynamic uplift is assumed limiting for the deployment, i.e “slack slings”. Slings are the lower part of the lift rigging. The operation limit is that dynamic uplift should not exceed 90 % of the modules static weight. Forces in z-direction are hence most interesting. Minimum wire tension for the lowering is therefore calculated at two time instances; when the module bottom end is at mean water level and when the module is fully submerged with its top end 0.5 [m] below mean water level. These time instances are referred to as time instance 1 and 2 in the report respectively. Design significant wave heights, Hs, are taken from plots of minimum wire tension for different wave peak periods Tp and wave headings. Based on these design Hs values, which equals the operation limits, operability rosettes are plotted. It is seen that wave headings 90⁰ and 120⁰ are most critical with lowest operability for crane installation while wave heading 90⁰ is worst for moonpool deployment.The lowest design Hs for all Tp values considering wave headings 0⁰ ±30⁰ is used as overall operation limit for deployment when weather window statistics are computed. Time instance 1 is worst for crane deployment with resulting forecasted weather operational criterion Hs=2.8 [m]. Time instance 2 is worst for moonpool deployment with forecasted operational criterion Hs=2.5 [m] and Tp ≥ 13.0 [s]. Reference time for deployment, hence the time needed from the weather forecast is issued to the module is landed on the seabed, is 6 hours. Based on reference time and forecasted operation limits weather window statistics are estimated.Moonpool deployment annual operability is 7.24 days, hence 2.0 % of the year, and can naturally not be used. Crane deployment annual operability is 213.22 days, 58.4 % of the year. This is much better but still not very good as it is theoretically desirable to be able to install the module any day year round.
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Soiney, Mark E. "Technology modules in the West Allis School District meeting Wiscconsin state standards for technology education." Online version, 2003. http://www.uwstout.edu/lib/thesis/2003/2003soineym.pdf.
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Girardot, Charles. "Deciphering enhancer activity in Drosophila based on transcription factor occupancy and chromatin state chromatin state characterization." Phd thesis, Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris VI, 2012. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00829472.
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La caractérisation des modules cis-régulateurs (CRM) ainsi que de leur activité sont essentiels pour comprendre la régulation des gènes au cours du développement des métazoaires. La technique de l'immunoprécipitation de la chromatine suivie du séquenage à haut débit de l'ADN (ChIP-seq) constitue une approche puissante pour localiser les CRM. Afin de localiser des facteurs génériques au sein de tissus spécifiques, nous avons développé une approche ChIP-seq sur des noyaux triés par cytométrie de flux et localisons des modifications post-traductionelles de l'histone H3, ainsi que l'ARN polymérase II (PolII) dans le mésoderme de la Drosophile. Nous montrons que les CRM actifs sont caractérisés par la présence d'H3 modifiés (K27Ac et K79me3) et de PolII. De plus, la présence et la forme des signaux correspondants à ces marques corrèlent dynamiquement avec l'activité des CRM. Enfin, nous prédisons la présence de CRM actifs et confirmons leur activité in vivo à 89%. Paralllement, nous étudions comment cinq facteurs essentiels au développement cardiaque se coordonnent en cis au sein du mésoderme dorsal, précurseur des mésodermes cardiaque (MC) et viscéral (MV). Nous démontrons que ces facteurs sont recrutés en tant que collectif au niveau des CRM cardiaques via un nombre limité de sites de fixation et en l'absence de contraintes architecturales. En outre, nous découvrons que ces facteurs cardiaques sont recrutés au niveau de CRM actifs dans le MV voisin et activement réprimés dans le MC, reflétant ainsi l'origine tissulaire commune de ces deux populations cellulaires. Nous concluons que les CRM impliqués dans le développement peuvent présenter une empreinte développementale.
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KOHLI, Gurpreet, and gkohli@student ecu edu au. "An Investigation into the Use of B-Nodes and State Models for Computer Network Technology and Education." Edith Cowan University. Computing, Health And Science: School Of, 2006. http://adt.ecu.edu.au/adt-public/adt-ECU2006.0020.html.
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This thesis consists of a series of internationally published, peer reviewed, conference research papers and one journal paper. The papers evaluate and further develop two modelling methods for use in Information Technology (IT) design and for the educational and training needs of students within the area of computer and network technology. The IT age requires technical talent to fill positions such as network managers, web administrators, e-commerce consultants and network security experts as IT is changing rapidly, and this is placing considerable demands on higher educational institutions, both within Australia and internationally, to respond to these changes.
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Kent, Simon David. "A programming language for software components." Thesis, Queensland University of Technology, 2010. https://eprints.qut.edu.au/37634/1/Simon_Kent_Thesis.pdf.
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Component software has many benefits, most notably increased software re-use; however, the component software process places heavy burdens on programming language technology, which modern object-oriented programming languages do not address. In particular, software components require specifications that are both sufficiently expressive and sufficiently abstract, and, where possible, these specifications should be checked formally by the programming language. This dissertation presents a programming language called Mentok that provides two novel programming language features enabling improved specification of stateful component roles. Negotiable interfaces are interface types extended with protocols, and allow specification of changing method availability, including some patterns of out-calls and re-entrance. Type layers are extensions to module signatures that allow specification of abstract control flow constraints through the interfaces of a component-based application. Development of Mentok's unique language features included creation of MentokC, the Mentok compiler, and formalization of key properties of Mentok in mini-languages called MentokP and MentokL.
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Johnson, Amanda Rochelle. "Creation of Continuing Education Modules Addressing Leadership Development Components Applicable to Nurse Practitioners in the State of North Dakota." Diss., North Dakota State University, 2014. https://hdl.handle.net/10365/27583.
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Effective leadership skills are a necessary element of successful Nurse Practitioner practice. Lack of leadership ability among Nurse Practitioners may lead to gaps in patient care, poorer outcomes, decreased patient satisfaction, increased healthcare spending, and inadequate communication between patients, providers, and peers (O?Grady, 2008). Both the National Organization of Nurse Practitioner Faculties (NONPF) and the American Association of Colleges of Nursing (AACN) identify components of leadership that are crucial to the role that the Nurse Practitioner plays while caring for patients (NONPF, 2012 & AACN, 2006). The landmark report on the Future of Nursing from the Institution of Medicine of the National Academies specifically identifies recommendations that directly relate to leadership, including the recommendations to ?expand opportunities for nurses to lead and diffuse collaborative improvement efforts? and ?prepare and enable nurses to lead change to advance health? (Institute of Medicine, 2010).
A survey of Advanced Practice Registered Nurses was completed in the state of North Dakota (N=34) in an effort to identify areas of needed enhancement of leadership skills. Overall, participants identified four main topics that were felt to be lacking in proficiency in their current practice. These areas included involvement in health policy, systems leadership, negotiation, and influencing peers to accomplish positive change in practice. After extensive literature review, it was determined that information regarding these topics would be beneficial for nurse practitioners throughout the country.
In response to the need for increased education regarding the aforementioned topics, a series of four online continuing education modules were created in collaboration with the
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American Association of Nurse Practitioners (AANP) Continuing Education Center and presented as a leadership development series. Nurse practitioners who completed the continuing education modules were surveyed regarding perceived knowledge and likelihood of involvement in the given leadership activity, and information regarding the electronic format of content dissemination was collected. Sample sizes ranged from 11 to 27 participants. Data collection occurred from May 16, 2014 to June 23, 2014. Evaluation of the modules demonstrated that participants indicated an increase in their perceived knowledge and likelihood of participating in the four areas of leadership. The vast majority of respondents indicated the modules were created at an educational level appropriate for their current role. Nearly every participant identified that the online module format is an effective means of content dissemination. Qualitative responses regarding the modules were generally positive in nature.
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Thobias, Anna. "Exploration of factors associated with poor adherence among patients receiving antiretroviral therapy at Katutura State Hospital Communicable Disease Clinic in Khomas region, Namibia /." Online access, 2008. http://etd.uwc.ac.za/usrfiles/modules/etd/docs/etd_gen8Srv25Nme4_2455_1273775841.pdf.
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Lenoir-Capello, Rachel. "Specific labeling strategies for new developments in liquid state protein NMR." Thesis, Sorbonne université, 2020. https://accesdistant.sorbonne-universite.fr/login?url=http://theses-intra.upmc.fr/modules/resources/download/theses/2020SORUS056.pdf.
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La résonance magnétique nucléaire (RMN) fournit des informations structurelles et dynamiques précieuses à l'échelle atomique, cependant, la faible sensibilité et résolution des signaux empêchent l’étude d'objets moléculaires plus importants. Nous présentons 3 stratégies de marquage isotopique pour différentes expériences RMN des protéines en solution et démontrons leur potentiel pour l'étude structurale des biomolécules. Parmi les stratégies envisagées, 2 utilisent l'expression in vitro pour obtenir des protéines marquées sélectivement sur un groupe chimique et/ou acide aminé dans un environnement perdeutéré. Avec l’utilisation de séquences d'impulsions TROSY, ces échantillons ont permis des gains spectraux importants lorsque ils étaient spécifiquement marqués sur des groupes amide ou sur le méthylène des glycines tout en maintenant un taux de deutération élevé sur les autres fonctions chimiques des protéines. La troisième stratégie de marquage protéique utilise des protocoles in vivo pour des applications RMN innovantes: l'hyperpolarisation de noyaux en solution qui augmente leur sensibilité de plusieurs ordres de grandeur. La durée de vie de cette hyperpolarisation est régie par le temps de relaxation longitudinale des noyaux, qui est réduit pour les protéines à température ambiante. En isolant les noyaux d'intérêt dans un environnement perdeutéré, les interactions dipolaires créées par les protons voisins sont éliminées et les noyaux hyperpolarisés relaxent beaucoup plus lentement. L'hyperpolarisation d'un petit domaine protéique a été entreprise avec succès mais les conditions de dissolution doivent encore être améliorées pour conserver une phase aqueuse homogèneNuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR) provides valuable structural and dynamic information at the atomic scale, however, the low sensitivity and resolution of signals rapidly preclude investigations of larger molecular objects. We present three isotopic labeling strategies for different protein-solution NMR experiments and demonstrate their potential for the structural study of biomolecules in solution. Among the strategies considered, two are based on the use of in vitro protein expression to obtain selectively labeled proteins of a certain chemical group and/or amino acid in a perdeuterated environment. Perdeuteration is essential for the optimal use of Transverse Relaxation Optimized Spectroscopy pulse sequences. They allowed significant spectral gains when samples were specifically labeled on amide groups or on the methylene of glycines while maintaining a very high rate of deuteration on the other chemical functions of the proteins. The third protein labeling strategy employed is based on in vivo protocols but used in innovative NMR applications: a technique of hyperpolarization of nuclei in solution which increases their sensitivity by several orders of magnitude. The lifetime of this hyperpolarization is governed by the longitudinal relaxation time of nuclei, which are reduced for proteins at room temperature. By isolating the nuclei of interest in a perdeuterated environment, dipolar interactions created by neighboring protons were eliminated and hyperpolarized nuclei relaxed much more slowly. Hyperpolarization of a small protein domain was successfully undertaken at 1K but the dissolution conditions need to be improved in order to preserve a homogeneous aqueous phase
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Kohli, Gurpreet. "An investigation into the use of B-Nodes and state models for computer network technology and education." Thesis, Edith Cowan University, Research Online, Perth, Western Australia, 2005. https://ro.ecu.edu.au/theses/78.
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This thesis consists of a series of internationally published, peer reviewed, conference research papers and one journal paper. The papers evaluate and further develop two modelling methods for use in Information Technology (IT) design and for the educational and training needs of students within the area of computer and network technology. The IT age requires technical talent to fill positions such as network managers, web administrators, e-commerce consultants and network security experts as IT is changing rapidly, and this is placing considerable demands on higher educational institutions, both within Australia and internationally, to respond to these changes.
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BenDor, Jonathan, and J. D. Baker. "Processing Real-Time Telemetry with Multiple Embedded Processors." International Foundation for Telemetering, 1994. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/611671.
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International Telemetering Conference Proceedings / October 17-20, 1994 / Town & Country Hotel and Conference Center, San Diego, CaliforniaThis paper describes a system in which multiple embedded processors are used for real-time processing of telemetry streams from satellites and radars. Embedded EPC-5 modules are plugged into VME slots in a Loral System 550. Telemetry streams are acquired and decommutated by the System 550, and selected parameters are packetized and appended to a mailbox which resides in VME memory. A Windows-based program continuously fetches packets from the mailbox, processes the data, writes to log files, displays processing results on screen, and sends messages via a modem connected to a serial port.
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Tran, Son Ha. "Etude de l’impact de micro-cavités (voids) dans les attaches de puces des modules électroniques de puissance." Thesis, Université Paris-Saclay (ComUE), 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015SACLN010/document.
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Les convertisseurs électroniques de puissance sont voués à fonctionner sous des conditions applicatives de plus en plus sévères tout en respectant les impératifs d’efficacité énergétique et de fiabilité. Or, les besoins industriels tendent vers un plus haut niveau d’intégration fonctionnelle tout en améliorant le rapport qualité-prix. Dès lors, la solution utilisée pour le report des puces semi-conductrices est le siège de densités de courant importantes et d’un flux thermique élevé. La présence de défauts dans cette couche d’interconnexion peut conduire à la dégradation de ses performances et au vieillissement prématuré du composant. L’objectif de nos recherches est d’évaluer la pertinence d’une méthodologie basée sur la confrontation de simulations numériques et de campagnes expérimentales. L’objectif est d’améliorer la compréhension du comportement électrothermique en régime de conduction d’un transistor MOSFET en présence d’un void dans sa brasure. Dans cette manuscrite, nous présenterons la construction d’un modèle intégrant le couplage électrothermique de la partie active qui sera confronté à la réponse de résultats expérimentaux. Puis, une étude numérique basée sur la théorie des plans fractionnaires, qui minimise le nombre de simulations, sera exploitée afin de quantifier l’impact de la taille et de la position du défaut sur la réponse électrothermique du composant et de ses liaisons électriques. Les détails de la mise en place d’une étude expérimentale analogue permettront de mettre en perspective la complémentarité de cette approchePower converters nowadays are required to function under harsh conditions in meeting energy efficiency and reliability requirement. Whereas, industrial specifications tend toward a higher level of power integration in respect to the cost constraint. As a result, the die attach is one of the key elements in power module packaging because of high current densities and high heat flow which are transported through. Void formation in the die attach may lead to performance degradation and premature aging of the component. This study introduces a methodology based on the comparison of numerical simulations and experimental campaigns. The obtained results help to improve our understanding on the electro-thermal behaviour of MOSFETs with solder voids. In this thesis, we depict a finite element model in which electro-thermal coupling of a MOSFET active layer is taken in to account. Simulation results will be correlated to the experimental responses. Later on, a parametric numerical study based on the response surface method (RSM) which minimizes the number of simulations and future tests will be exploited to quantify the impact of void position and size on several selective performance criteria. A future serial experimental study in respect to the same RSM design is expected in prospect, in order to fulfil the complementarity for this approach
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Miozzi, Ferrini Francesca. "Experimental study of the Fe-Si-C system and application to carbon rich exoplanet." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Sorbonne université, 2019. https://accesdistant.sorbonne-universite.fr/login?url=https://theses-intra.sorbonne-universite.fr/2019SORUS241.pdf.
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Plus de 4000 exoplanètes ont été découvertes, orbitant autour d’étoiles ayant différentes compositions. Ces exoplanètes sont détectées et étudiées par observations indirectes qui, dans de nombreux cas, donnent accès aux propriétés principales des planètes: leurs masses et leurs rayons. Ces paramètres peuvent être calculés à partir d’un modèle et comparés à ceux observés. Toutefois, cela est plus difficile pour des planètes qui orbitent autour d’étoiles ayant une composition chimique différente du Soleil, par exemple enrichie en carbone, car les propriétés physiques des carbures (i.e. carbures de silicium ou de fer) sont inconnues. Dans cette étude les systèmes Si-C et Fe-Si-C ont été étudiés entre 20 et 200 GPa et 300-3000 K, en utilisant la diffraction de rayons x et l’analyse chimique des échantillons récupérés pour déterminer les propriétés physiques dans des conditions extrêmes. Dans le système Si-C les équations d’états et les modèles thermiques pour les deux phases de basse et haute pression ont été déterminés. Les résultats ont ensuite été utilisé pour calculer la relation masse-rayon de planètes synthétiques ayant un noyau de fer et un manteau de SiC. Concernant le système Fe-Si-C le diagramme de phase ternaire a été reconstruit. En faisant l’hypothèse d’une composition Fe-Si-C pour un noyau planétaire, quatre différentes séquences de cristallisation ont été démontrées, déterminant des comportements dynamiques très diffèrent. En conclusion la relation masse-rayon n’est pas suffisante pour déterminer la composition et la structure interne des exoplanètes observées mais des données relatives à la chimie du système planétaire sont requisesMore than 4000 exoplanets have been discovered, orbiting around stars with a wide variety of composition. Such planets are detected and studied through indirect methods that in many cases give access to the main properties of the planets: mass and radius. The same parameters can be calculated from a chosen model and compared to the observed ones. However it is difficult for planets orbiting around stars with compositions very different from our Sun, for example carbon enriched, as the physical properties carbides (i.e. silicon carbides and iron carbides) at extreme pressure are unknown. In this work the Si-C and Fe-Si-C systems were studied in the range between 20 and 200 GPa and 300-3000 K employing X-ray diffraction and chemical analyses on the recovered samples were used to determine the physical properties at extreme conditions. In the Si-C system the equations of state and thermal model for both the low pressure and high pressure phases were determined. The results were then used to model a mass radius plot for different archetypal planets with a Fe core and SiC mantle. Regarding the Fe-Si-C system a ternary phase diagram was reconstructed up to 200 GPa and 3000 K. Assuming Fe-Si-C as main component of planetary cores, four different crystallization paths are individuated, giving rise to way different dynamical behaviour. We conclude that using only mass radius relations is not sufficient to determine the interior composition and structure of an observed exoplanet and further data relative to the chemistry are needed, for example the composition of the host star
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Gu, Wei. "Low voltage regulator modules and single stage front-end converters." Doctoral diss., University of Central Florida, 2001. http://digital.library.ucf.edu/cdm/ref/collection/RTD/id/10000.
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University of Central Florida College of Engineering ThesisEvolution in microprocessor technology poses new challenges for supplying power to these devices. To meet demands for faster and more efficient data processing, modem microprocessors are being designed with lower voltage implementations. More devices will be packed on a single processor chip and the processors will operate at higher frequencies, exceeding IGHz. New high performance microprocessors may require from 40 to 80 watts of power for the CPU alone. Load current must be supplied with up to 30A/us slew rate while keeping the output voltage within tight regulation and response time tolerances. Therefore, special power supplies and Voltage Regulator Modules (VRMs) are needed to provide lower voltage with higher current and fast response.
Ph.D.
Doctorate;
School of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science
Engineering and Computer Science
Electrical Engineering and Computer Science
124 p.
xii, 124 leaves, bound : ill. ; 28 cm.
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Khalid, Rehan. "Transient & steady-state thermodynamic modeling of modular data centers." Thesis, Georgia Institute of Technology, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/1853/55061.
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The data center industry currently focuses on initiatives to reduce its enormous energy consumption and minimize its adverse environmental impact. Modular data centers provide considerable operational flexibility in that they are mobile, and are manufactured using standard containers. This thesis aims at developing steady-state energy and exergy destruction models for modular data centers using four different cooling approaches: direct expansion cooling, direct and indirect evaporative cooling, and free air cooling. Furthermore, transient thermal response of these data centers to dynamic loads, such as varying server load through change in user requirement over the cloud, and/or to changes in outside weather conditions has been studied. The effect of server thermal mass has also been accounted for in developing the transient regime. The change in performance of the data center is reported through changes in the Power Usage Effectiveness (PUE) metric, and through change in the exergy destruction in the individual hot and cold aisles. The core simulation software used for this work is EnergyPlus, an open source software from the U.S. Department of Energy. Moreover, EnergyPlus is used as the simulation engine within the in-house developed software package Data Center EnergyPlus (DCE+).
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Elangovan, Muthukumaran Anbilpadugai. "Dynamic modulus test laboratory investigation and future implementation in the State of Washington /." Online access for everyone, 2008. http://www.dissertations.wsu.edu/Thesis/Summer2008/M_ELANGOVAN_071408.pdf.
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Akinbohun, Olugbenga John. "To ascertain why some women delay in seeking termination of pregnancy (TOP) for unwanted pregnancies in Lejweleputswa District (DC18), Free State." Thesis, University of the Western Cape, 2005. http://etd.uwc.ac.za/index.php?module=etd&.
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Women of child-bearing age sometimes fail to plan for pregnancies. Often they discover that they are pregnant and are not prepared or cannot afford to raise the child. Before 1996 there was no choice for women as regards pregnancies, all pregnancies must be carried to term and delivered except on health grounds and with stringent conditions. However after the TOP act was enacted in 1996, women were allowed a choice of TOP up to and including 20 weeks of pregnancy.Regardless of the availability of choice of TOP, some pregnant women still present late (after 12 weeks) for TOP when the risks of complications and costs are higher. Women who present late for TOP usually have to be admitted to a district or regional hospital and managed. The costs at such institutions are high. TOPs before 12 weeks (early TOP) are done in a primary health care (PHC) facility (TOP center) and no admission is required hence less cost. Complications of early TOP are also very mild and rare. In Lejweleputswa district there is only one TOP Center (Kopano TOP Clinic) and this serves both Lejweleputswa and the Northern Free State districts. Early TOPs (less than 12 weeks) are done and completed at this center. Late TOPs (above 12 weeks but not more than 20 weeks) are initiated at this TOP center and referred to district or regional hospitals nearest to the patient&rsquo
s home, in both districts for completion.
Problems - An increasing number of women are seeking TOP service at late stages of pregnancies and the incidence of severe complications like severe bleeding, retained placenta, infection, amniotic fluid embolism, death etc, are increasing. The hospital&rsquo
s bed space and budget are stretched to the limit due to the influx of late term TOP to the hospitals. Lack of manpower, especially doctors, in these hospitals also create some problems, as the few doctors available have to attend to other ill patients as well. Sometimes bleeding TOP patients are transfused with blood and placed on a waiting list for theatre and this often increases the risk of complications. The emotional effect of late TOP on hospital staff (doctors and nurses) are enormous as the expelled fetus are much more developed than in early TOP where no fetus is seen at evacuation with simple Manual Vacuum Aspiration (MVA).
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Walsh, Daniel. "Fully sustainable energy module - Stage 1: Source research and development." Thesis, Walsh, Daniel (2014) Fully sustainable energy module - Stage 1: Source research and development. Other thesis, Murdoch University, 2014. https://researchrepository.murdoch.edu.au/id/eprint/24193/.
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The rising cost of energy, particularly in the form of electrical power is a concern for business and households predominately in rural regions of Western Australia. The higher ongoing costs due to aging assets and infrastructure make it a genuine expense that almost always has the customer looking for cheaper options. Two particular businesses commissioned a project for developing a renewable approach to help satisfy their demands which due to the size and nature of the operation required a medium scale system that was both economical and environmentally sustainable.
The project purpose was to research and build the first stage or the “source” of a small prototype to address these concerns in the form of a Fully Sustainable Energy Module (FSEM). The objective is to compete or better the average cost per kilowatt hour of the Western Australian electricity suppliers, Horizon Power (HP) and those making up the South West Interconnected System (SWIS). While assessing the design options of the FSEM, various types of software were used extensively to assist in clarifying the optimum designs throughout the project for an initial theoretical approach. Designs such as a custom Parabolic/hyperbolic reflector and Fresnel lens directed to a Concentrator Solar Cell Receiver Assembly (CSCRA), coolant pumping for junction temperature control and simulation of multiple system configurations for electrical power requirements were assessed to maximise energy output per square metre of solar output.
Building a prototype requires a sound knowledge base to ensure that it gives the output expected. Data that can assist inform decisions made to further enhance its operation giving the best possible design for final production. Developing an understanding of a feasibility study on the proof of concept for prototype building is further enhanced by researching the importance and structure of project plans and business expectations. It highlights that the strengths and weakness that need considering and help to show a route to a successful finished product.
Prevalent was the design issue for the parabolic/hyperbolic reflector and the intricacies that exposed the difficulty in getting the system to work efficiently due to very small tolerances in construction. When finally settling with a Fresnel lens type the “source” of the FSEM prototype at the time of publication showed practical results of DC output of cell capacity and consistent hot water set at various temperatures showing solar energy transferred.
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Lindén, Ronja, and Henrik Samuelsson. "Thermal analysis and design improvement of light module fixture." Thesis, Tekniska Högskolan, Högskolan i Jönköping, JTH, Maskinteknik, 2016. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hj:diva-30485.
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Introduction One of the products made by SAAB Avionics Systems in Jönköping was in need of a better cooling solution. The product, a Head-Up Display, holds a LED that was overheating when run at desired input power. The purpose of this thesis was to identify the design weaknesses in the current solution regarding heat dissipation and produce new design proposals that fulfill the requirements. The parts analyzed consist of a LED light source, adjustment plates and a heat sink. The adjustment plates and heat sink where covered in a surface treatment. Theoretical framework A simulation of a finite element model was set up of the current solution in order to identify the influence of the different parts and their thermal properties. The simulation was set up as a steady state thermal model. The FEM and steady state equations used during this are mentioned and shortly explained. The state of modern research was found in order to find new innovative ways of solving the heat problem. Method In order to understand the current solution, experimentswere carried out. Interviews were used in order to get the correct information easily. A literature study was preformed to understand the different theories. Reverse engineering was applied to get a detailed understanding of the functionality both mechanically and thermally. Brainstorming was used to generate new solutions, which was followed by a feasibility evaluation and Pugh’s method to sort out the best concepts. Implementation and Result Based on the simulations it can be concluded that some of the developed solutions pass the requirements and can be implemented right away. Some need some more work in order to fully pass the demands. Conclusions The thermal flow was greatly affected by the properties of the aluminum in the adjustment plates and heat sink, though there was not much room for thickness reduction. However, the oxide layer and the surface roughness also had a great impact on the high junction temperature. The requirements where therefore met when adjustment plates and interfaces were removed, to lower the amount of oxide and air between the LED and the heat sink. But the oxide layers needed to be thinner and the surface roughness needed to be reduced in order to meet requirements. If the oxide layers need to stay at current thickness or the surface roughness cannot be changed, the heat sink needs to be redesigned. The recommended concepts were smaller than the current solution. If this space is utilized with a bigger heat sink, the goals can be met with greater ease. There is also room for improvement when it comes to heat sink heat spreader pattern. Discussion The discussion covers what knowledge which was needed to write this thesis and how different problems that occurred along its path were solved. Sustainability in different ways was also discussed.
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Li, Chen. "State Space Modeling and Power Flow Analysis of Modular Multilevel Converters." Thesis, Virginia Tech, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/71811.
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For the future of sustainable energy, renewable energy will need to significantly penetrate existing utility grids. While various renewable energy sources are networked with high-voltage DC grids, integration between these high-voltage DC grids and the existing AC grids is a significant technical challenge. Among the limited choices available, the modular multi-level converter (MMC) is the most prominent interface converter used between the DC and AC grids. This subject has been widely pursued in recent years. One of the important design challenges when using an MMC is to reduce the capacitor size associated with each module. Currently, a rather large capacitor bank is required to store a certain amount of line-frequency related circulating energy. Several control strategies have been introduced to reduce the capacitor voltage ripples by injecting certain harmonic current. Most of these strategies were developed using trial and error and there is a lack of a systematic means to address this issue. Most recently, Yadong Lyu has proposed to control the modulation index in order to reduce capacitor ripples. The total elimination of the unwanted circulating power associated with both the fundamental line frequency and the second-order harmonic was demonstrated, and this resulted in a dramatic reduction in capacitor size. To gain a better understanding of the intricate operation of the MMC, this thesis proposes a state-space analysis technique in the present paper. Combining the power flow analysis with the state trajectory portrayed on a set of two-dimensional state plans, it clearly delineates the desired power transfer from the unwanted circulating energy, thus leading to an ultimate reduction in the circulation energy and therefore the required capacitor volume.Master of Science
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Nelms, Robert Mark. "Simulation of spacecraft power systems using a modular state variable approach." Diss., Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, 1987. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/53653.
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The power requirements for future spacecraft power systems will be on the order of a few hundred kilowatts to a few megawatts. Because of these power levels, a high-voltage, high-power distribution subsystem may be utilized to transmit power from the source to the different loads. Using current state-of-the-art power conditioning electronics, complex series and parallel configurations will be required at the interface between the source and the distribution subsystem and between the distribution subsystem and the loads.
The dynamic response of such a spacecraft power system may be obtained using a general purpose program such as SPICE2. However, for large and complex spacecraft power systems, the input file will be large and complex with correspondingly large computation times. As an alternative, the spacecraft power system can be considered as an interconnection of modular components. Each component is treated as a two-port network, and a state model is written with the port voltages as the inputs. The state model of each component is solved using the state transition matrix and assuming that the port voltages are . clamped for each time step. This calculation proceeds as if all two-port networks are decoupled. After the state variables have been updated, the inputs to all components are calculated using network analysis principles. The solution procedure alternates between solving the dynamic model of all components and the network equations for the component inputs.
The modular state variable approach and SPICE2 are compared using two example systems. This comparison shows the advantages of the modular state variable approach. First, for the modular state variable approach the system is considered as an interconnection of modular components. In SPICE2, the system is treated as an interconnection of circuit elements. As a result, the system description for large and complex spacecraft power systems is much _ larger and more complex than a modular state variable description. Secondly, the modular state variable approach requires less CPU time than SPICE2. For one of the example systems presented here, the modular state variable approach uses one-twentieth of the CPU time used by SPICE2.Ph. D.
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Wang, Tsomg-Niang 1953. "A modular prolog representation of a TCP protocol finite state machine." Thesis, The University of Arizona, 1987. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/276580.
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This paper describes a Protocol Finite State Machine (PFSM) for implementing communication protocols. Our objective is to develop and implement a general model for communication protocols based on the principles of finite state machines and make the design of transport entity more modular and easier to maintain and modify. We have designed an inference method and knowledge representation, based on semantic networks, for implementing this model. We have added interactive capability and automatic error detection to check for invalid external events and other types of errors in our model. PFSM consists of one or more knowledge bases depicting the state machine model for each communication protocol, an inference engine that uses the knowledge base(s), a working memory, a knowledge acquisition subsystem to gather the data required to build the knowledge base(s), a dialog subsystem to conduct an interactive conversation with the user(s), and an explanation subsystem to explain the inferencing mechanism. (Abstract shortened with permission of author.)
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Melendez, Barbra Sue. "Versatility and applicability of dynamic help in army installation support modules." Thesis, Georgia Institute of Technology, 1993. http://hdl.handle.net/1853/24249.
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Sholtis, Tadd. "One helluva roar : US Air Force public communication since 1942 /." Maxwell AFB, Ala. : School of Advanced Air and Space Studies, 2008. https://www.afresearch.org/skins/rims/display.aspx?moduleid=be0e99f3-fc56-4ccb-8dfe-670c0822a153&mode=user&action=downloadpaper&objectid=f6ea7bb1-2b97-4d90-8b90-1cf4474c5a7c&rs=PublishedSearch.
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Intwala, Jay D. "Solid State Data Recorder (SSDR) for Airborne/Space Environment." International Foundation for Telemetering, 1993. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/611894.
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International Telemetering Conference Proceedings / October 25-28, 1993 / Riviera Hotel and Convention Center, Las Vegas, NevadaVME bus has been widely accepted as an industry standard for control and process computers. The MSTI (Miniature Sensor Technology Integration) series of satellites employ a VME bus based data acquisition and control system. This system requires a ruggedized, high-speed, compact, low power and light weight data recorder for storing digital imagery from payload video cameras, as well as health and status data of the satellite. No commercial off the shelf systems were found which meet MSTI specifications. Also, a solid state device eliminates certain reliability and spacecraft pointing control problems which are encountered when using rotating (disk or tape) storage systems. The SSDR was designed to meet these requirements and it also has built-in flexibility for many general purpose applications. The electronic hardware design, which conforms to the VME bus specifications [1], can also be configured as stand-alone system. Modular memory array design allows expandability of capacity up to 320 MBytes. This paper will describe the design features of the SSDR. Performance capabilities and system implementation will be discussed. Special approaches required for application of the SSDR in space or harsh environments are also discussed.
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Andersson, Christoffer, and Tilda Nilsson. "Livscykelanalys av volymelement i produktskedet." Thesis, Linnéuniversitetet, Institutionen för byggteknik (BY), 2020. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:lnu:diva-97070.
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Den globala uppvärmningen har lett till att Sveriges regering, för att uppfylla de globala klimatmålen, har tagit fram ett lagkrav som är tänkt att träda i kraft från 1 januari 2022. Lagkravet innebär att utsläpp av växthusgas ska dokumenteras för byggnader över hela deras livscykel. Syftet och målet med examensarbetet är att undersöka och analysera en modulbyggnads klimatpåverkan under produktskedet. Objektet som undersöks är en byggnadsmodul med bostadsytan 40,6 m2, som ingår i ett större flerbostadshus. Klimatpåverkan har beräknats och analyserats i form av en livscykelanalys med Byggsektorns Miljöberäkningsverktyg. Analysen är avgränsad till modulens produktskede inklusive råvaruförsörjning, transport och tillverkning av modulen. Resultatet av studien är att modulen släpper ut 124,8 kilogram koldioxidekvivalenter per kvadratmeter enligt specifika data. Mest utsläpp av växthusgaserx kommer från materialet korslimmat trä och från energikällorna som används vid tillverkningen av byggprodukter och modulen.Global warming has led to the Swedish government, as part of the global climate goals, to propose a legislative requirement that is supposed to come into force from January 1, 2022. The forthcoming legislative requirement will stipulate that greenhouse gas emission from buildings' life cycle are documented and presented. The purpose and goal of this thesis is to investigate and analyze the climate impact of a prefabricated building module during the product stage. The object investigated is a building module with a living area of 40.6 m2, which is part of a larger apartment building. The climate impact has been calculated and analyzed with life cycle analysis approach using the Construction Sector's Environmental Calculation Tool (Byggsektorns miljöberäkningsverktyg). The analysis is limited to the product stage of the module including extraction and processing of raw materials, transportation and manufacturing of the module. The result of the study is that the modules climate impact is 124.8 kilograms carbon dioxide equivalents per square meter according to specific data. The major part of greenhouse gas emissions comes from the material cross laminated wood and from energy sources being used in the manufacturing of building products and the module.
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Oosthuizen, Janine Dalnet. "The relationship between stress and salutogenic functioning amongst employees in a state owned enterprise." Thesis, University of the Western Cape, 2005. http://etd.uwc.ac.za/index.php?module=etd&.
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&lsquoHuman capital&rsquo
is the buzzword of the 21st century and is becoming the core value of organisations. In South Africa it is estimated that more than R500 million is lost annually through absenteeism and loss of productivity as a result of stress. Employees are key contributors to the bottom-line and should be selected, placed and applied in such a way that the company only benefits from their output. Therefore, if the human element is a crucial element it becomes essential for the organisation to nurture, protect and optimise individuals to their full potential.
There is a fair degree of agreement on the variables that act as organizational stressors, however, studies on stress and salutogenic functioning in a state owned enterprise have not been found. According to the literature, salutogenic factors function as generalised resistance resources and a high score on sense of coherence, as well as an internal locus of control correlates with low scores on stress. The present research has a general aim of exploring the relationship between stress and salutogenic functioning, within a state owned enterprise. The levels of stress were correlated with the presence of high or low levels of sense of coherence and whether the individuals display an internal or an external locus of control. A sample of 240 employees (N=240) was used from the organisation.
The following questionnaires were utilised to measure the range of variables. Levels of stress were measured by the Experience of Work and Life Circumstances Questionnaire (WLQ). Whereas the salutogenic construct, sense of coherence was measured by the Orientation to Life Questionnaire (OLQ) and the second salutogenic construct, locus of control, was measured by the Locus of Control Inventory (LCI). The statistical analyses included inferential (correlation, t-test and analysis of variance) and descriptive statistics. The results demonstrated significant relationships between low stress levels, sense of coherence and internal locus of control. As such, salutogenic functioning in terms of sense of coherence and locus of control, had a significant correlation with levels of stress.
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Hamada, E. A., and T. M. Selim. "Module for the psychological assessment of the mental and emotional state of the medical staff during the COVID-19 pandemic." Thesis, Boston, USA, 2020. http://openarchive.nure.ua/handle/document/11837.
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In this paper, we developed a program module for the automated testing mental and emotional state of medical health workers for verifying whether allostatic overload develops (exhaustion may ensue after some time) and whether psychiatric disorders, especially posttraumatic stress disorder, might occur with the COVID-19 progression. Psychological assessment was based on an online survey and on self-report tool
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Sreevalson, Nair Jaya. "Modular processing of two-dimensional significance map for efficient feature extraction." Thesis, Mississippi State : Mississippi State University, 2002. http://library.msstate.edu/etd/show.asp?etd=etd-07012002-111746.
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Weathers, James Boyd. "VERIFICATION AND VALIDATION USING STATE OF THE ART MEASURES AND MODULAR UNCERTAINTY TECHNIQUES." MSSTATE, 2008. http://sun.library.msstate.edu/ETD-db/theses/available/etd-03282008-111215/.
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As quantitative validation measures have become available, so has the controversy regarding the construction of such measures. The complexity of the physical processes involved is compounded by uncertainties introduced due to model inputs, experimental errors, and modeling assumptions just to name a few. Also, how these uncertainties are treated is of major importance. In this dissertation, the issues associated with several state of the art quantitative validation metrics are discussed in detail. Basic Verification and Validation (V&V) framework is introduced outlining areas where some agreement has been reached in the engineering community. In addition, carefully constructed examples are used to shed light on differences among the state of the art validation metrics. The results show that the univariate validation metric fails to account for correlation structure due to common systematic error sources in the comparison error results. Also, the confidence interval metric is an inadequate measure of the noise level of the validation exercise. Therefore, the multivariate validation metric should be utilized whenever possible. In addition, end-to-end examples of the V&V effort are provided using the multivariate and univariate validation metrics. Methodology is introduced using Monte Carlo analysis to construct the covariance matrix used in the multivariate validation metric when non-linear sensitivities exist. Also, the examples show how multiple iterations of the validation exercise can lead to a successful validation effort. Finally, modular uncertainty techniques are introduced for the uncertainty analysis of large systems where many data reduction equations or models are used to examine multiple outputs of interest. In addition, the modular uncertainty methodology was shown to be an equivalent method to the traditional propagation of errors approach with a drastic reduction in computational effort. The modular uncertainty technique also has the advantage in that insight is given into the relationship between the uncertainties of the quantities of interest being examined. An extension of the modular uncertainty methodology to cover full scale V&V exercises is also introduced.
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Esbjörnsson, Jimmy. "EMO - A Computational Emotional State Module : Emotions and their influence on the behaviour of autonomous agents." Thesis, Linköping University, Department of Science and Technology, 2007. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:liu:diva-9090.
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Artificial intelligence (AI) is already a fundamental component of computer games. In this context is emotions a growing part in simulating real life. The proposed emotional state module, provides a way for the game agents to select an action in real-time virtual environments. The modules function has been tested with the open-source strategy game ORTS. This thesis proposes a new approach for the design of an interacting network, similar to a spreading activation system, of emotional states that keeps track of emotion intensities changing and interacting over time. The network of emotions can represent any number of persisting states, such as moods, emotions and drives. Any emotional signal can affect every state positively or negatively. The states' response to emotional signals are influenced by the other states represented in the network. The network is contained within an emotional state module. This interactions between emotions are not the focus of much research, neither is the representation model. The focus tend to be on the mechanisms eliciting emotions and on how to express the emotions.
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Stanford, Kirk Alan. "STRENGTHENING OF STEEL STRUCTURES WITH HIGH MODULUS CARBON FIBER REINFORCED POLYMERS (CFRP) MATERIALS: BOND AND DEVELOPMENT LENGTH STUDY." NCSU, 2009. http://www.lib.ncsu.edu/theses/available/etd-12202008-112409/.
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Cost-effective solutions for the rehabilitation and strengthening of steel structures, such as steel bridges and steel monopole towers used for cellular phone antennas, are greatly needed by government transportation departments and industry. Rehabilitation is often required due to loss of cross-section from corrosion and/or changes of the demand or use of a structure. Current techniques for strengthening steel structures have several drawbacks including requiring heavy equipment for installation, their fatigue performance, in addition to the need for ongoing maintenance due to continued corrosion attack. The current research program proposed the use of a new high modulus carbon fiber reinforced polymer (CFRP) for strengthening of steel structures. This program includes extensive research to select the resin for wet lay-up of carbon fiber sheets and the adhesives for bonding of pre-cured laminate strips. The bond behavior of FRP materials to steel structures is quite different from that of concrete structures. Preliminary test results showed the occurrence of very high bond stresses for most strengthening applications due to the amount of strengthening required for developing the material for steel structures and bridges.
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Omenka, Charity Ochuole. "Factors influencing access to antiretroviral treatment in Benue State, Nigeria." Thesis, University of the Western Cape, 2010. http://etd.uwc.ac.za/index.php?module=etd&action=viewtitle&id=gen8Srv25Nme4_5804_1308546328.
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The study utilized a qualitative case study design to explore the problem of poor access to ART in Benue State. PLWHAs, policy makers, program managers and health workers were involved in an effort to describe the factors influencing access to ART in the State. Semi structured interviews, exit interviews and focus group discussions were used. To analyse the findings, categorization was done into facilitators and barriers to access, in addition to the ways respondents believe these barriers can be overcome. Other sub-themes were also identified and sorted. Themes were linked to direct quotes from the respondents. Additional literature review was done to review available information on the themes identified. Facilitators of access included free cost and increased number of sites
beneficial effects of ART
disclosure, membership in a support group and having a treatment partner. Barriers included stigma and discrimination
hunger, poverty, transportation and opportunity costs
hospital factors
non-disclosure
inaccurate knowledge and perceptions about HIV and ART
certain religious beliefs and advice
coverage, capping of services and fear of non-availability of ART. In addition to stigma, patients bypass closer ART access points to further away hospitals because of business opportunities
financial assistance
perceived better standard of care and hope that a cure, when found, will be more accessible to patients in bigger hospitals.
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Johnson, Pamela. "An Exploration of Critical Latin American Historical Analyses of the Capitalist State and the University System in Argentina." Thesis, University of the Western Cape, 2004. http://etd.uwc.ac.za/index.php?module=etd&.
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This investigation into certain elements of critical Latin American Literature was prompted by the apparent post-1980s neglect by academics of Anglo-Saxon origin to engage with the state and social class, in the contextual framework of the political economy, as central elements of social analysis. This analytical perspective of the state was marginalised by post-modernism and post-structuralism during the 1980s and 1990s with the state re-defined by contemporary globalisation theorists according to a notion of the nation-state. This constitutes one element of an overaching configuration of power relationa and networks comprising a variety of transnational players who assume political and economic roles to pursue their interests. This designation of players detracts from the centrality of class as an analytical tool, preferring to dwell on notions of power and conflict without pursuing tha analysis to its fundamental origin in a system of control and ownership of resources by dominant transnational corporations. An abandoning of the state as a central conceptual tool has coincided with changes , in the way the role performed by the university is conceptualised, foregrounding symptoms of an ideological intrusion by neoliberal discourse concerning the role of the University, rather than locating the cause. Hence the greater struggle for ideological hegemony that occurs within society, waged by the mass media, as mouthpiece of implementation by agents of transnational financial capital, and progating a neoliberal discourse, seems overlooked.
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Wolf, Marko. "Design and implementation of a modular converter with application to a solid state transformer." Thesis, Stellenbosch : University of Stellenbosch, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/10019.1/2773.
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Thesis (MScEng (Electrical and Electronic Engineering))--University of Stellenbosch, 2009.ENGLISH ABSTRACT: The purpose of a solid state transformer (SST) is to use power electronic converters to mimic the operation of the conventional distribution transformer. These power electronic converters are proposed to overcome the disadvantages of the conventional distribution transformer. The advantages of a SST include near perfect voltage regulation and harmonic isolation between the primary and secondary windings of the transformer. This thesis discusses the design and development of the different converters in a solid state transformer (SST). A prototype modular back-to-back converter is developed for the input and isolation stage of the SST. The isolation stage consists of a high voltage DC-DC converter, which transfers power across the isolation barrier of the SST. This stage is evaluated in the laboratory with special attention being paid to the efficiency of the converter. The second aspect that this thesis addresses is the output stage of the SST, namely a three phase inverter. The discussion of the output stage focuses on the losses occurring in the inverter. The switching device losses are calculated by means of an adapted numerical method as opposed to using conventional analytical methods. The presented numerical method is compared to the existing analytical method and the findings are discussed. A double loop control strategy is implemented for the output stage inverter. The inner current loop utilizes a predictive control strategy. The control analysis of the double loop controller is discussed and evaluated in the laboratory. All the converters that are discussed in this thesis are evaluated in the laboratory and the relevant measurements are included.
AFRIKAANSE OPSOMMING: Die doel van ’n drywingselektroniese transformator (DET) is om drywingselektroniese omsetters te gebruik om die werking van die konvensionele distribusietransformator na te boots. Hierdie drywingselektroniese omsetters word voorgestel ten einde die nadele van die konvensionele distribusietransformator te bowe te kom. Die voordele van ’n DET sluit in: feitlik perfekte regulering van spanning en harmoniese isolasie tussen die primˆere en sekondˆere windings van die transformator. Hierdie tesis bespreek die ontwerp en ontwikkeling van die verskillende omsetters in ’n drywingselektroniese transformator (DET). ’n Prototipe modulˆere rug-aan-rug-omsetter word ontwikkel vir die intree- en isolasiefase van die DET. Die isolasiefase bestaan uit ’n hoogspanning- GS-GS omsetter, wat drywing oor die isolasiegrens van die DET heen oordra. Hierdie omsetter word in die laboratorium ge¨evalueer met besondere aandag aan die doeltreffendheid van die omsetter. Die tweede aspek waarna in hierdie tesis gekyk word, is die uittreefase van die DET, naamlik ’n driefaseomsetter. Die bespreking van die uittreefase fokus egter op die verliese wat in die omsetter voorkom. Die verliese van die skakelaars word bereken deur middel van ’n aangepaste numeriese metode teenoor die gebruik van konvensionele analitiese metodes. Die numeriese metode wat aangebied word, word vergelyk met die bestaande analitiese metode en die bevindings word bespreek. ’n Dubbellus-beheerstrategie word vir die uittreefase-omsetter ge¨ımplementeer. Die binneste stroomlus word ge¨ımplementeer deur van ’n voorspelbare beheerstrategie gebruik te maak. Die beheeranalise van die dubbellusbeheerder word bespreek en in die laboratorium ge¨evalueer. Al die omsetters wat in hierdie tesis bespreek word, word in die laboratorium ge¨evalueer en die relevante metings word ingesluit.
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Daniels, William Julius. "Van Sendingkerk tot Verenigde Gereformeerde Kerk in Suider Afrika: 1960-1997." Thesis, University of the Western Cape, 1998. http://etd.uwc.ac.za/index.php?module=etd&.
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Huang, Shu. "Influence of Chemical Composition and Water on the Bulk Modulus of Pyrope." FIU Digital Commons, 2014. http://digitalcommons.fiu.edu/etd/1185.
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Garnets are major silicates from the upper mantle to the transition zone. Elastic properties of garnets are essential to interpret the variation of seismic velocities at different depths and construct a model of the Earth’s composition. Due to the chemical flexibility at octahedron sites of the crystal structures, garnets usually exist with multiple components and have many composition variations. Pyrope is an important member in the garnet group. Fe2+-Mg2+ substitution in pyrope is one of the common solid solutions. We have synthesized and measured three synthetic solid solutions samples (Py83Alm17, Py54Alm46 and Py30Alm70). Equations of state yielded their isothermal bulk moduli K0 to be 172(4)GPa, 174(2)GPa, and 183(2)GPa, respectively, which confirmed that almandine content (Fe2+ substitution) increased the bulk modulus of the garnet. A relation between the bulk modulus and the almandine mole fraction (n) was derived to be K0 = 170 + 15 n, showing it is a nearly ideal mixing model.
Another factor that also significantly influences the elasticity of pyrope is water. Water is transported to the deep Earth by subduction slabs and mainly exists in nominally anhydrous minerals (NAM) as hydroxyl (OH-). Its content in minerals varies as depth increases. We therefore investigated pressure influence on water solubility in pyrope. A suite of pyrope single crystals was synthesized in a water-saturated environment at 6, 7, 9 and 12GPa and water was characterized by FTIR. IR spectra showed a typical peak at 3630 cm-1. At 9 and 12GPa, new peaks at 3572 cm-1 and 3504 cm-1 appeared and indicated that a new substitution mechanism, other than hydrogarnet substitution SiO4=(OH)4, was adopted in the pyrope crystal structure. Water solubility in pyrope reached 0.2wt% at 7GPa. From 4-7GPa, water solubility increased. At 9GPa, water content dropped to 0.07wt% and increased to 0.3wt% at 12GPa, where a cubic to tetragonal phase transition was observed. Water showed a weakening effect on the bulk moduli of hydrous pyrope. Their bulk moduli were 166GPa, 173GPa and 161GPa with water contents of 0.07wt%, 0.1wt% and 0.2wt%, respectively. An approximate linear relationship was proposed about the bulk modulus as a function of water content.
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Banyard, Spurgeon. "Central Mississippi teachers' perceptions of effective behaviors of principals trained using the Orientation for School Leaders Training Module (OSL)." Diss., Mississippi State : Mississippi State University, 2007. http://library.msstate.edu/etd/show.asp?etd=etd-05292007-082536.
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Nusrat, Nazia. "Development of novel electrical power distribution system state estimation and meter placement algorithms suitable for parallel processing." Thesis, Brunel University, 2015. http://bura.brunel.ac.uk/handle/2438/10902.
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The increasing penetration of distributed generation, responsive loads and emerging smart metering technologies will continue the transformation of distribution systems from passive to active network conditions. In such active networks, State Estimation (SE) tools will be essential in order to enable extensive monitoring and enhanced control technologies. In future distribution management systems, the novel electrical power distribution system SE requires development in a scalable manner in order to accommodate small to massive size networks, be operable with limited real time measurements and a restricted time frame. Furthermore, a significant phase of new sensor deployment is inevitable to enable distribution system SE, since present-day distribution networks lack the required level of measurement and instrumentation. In the above context, the research presented in this thesis investigates five SE optimization solution methods with various case studies related to expected scenarios of future distribution networks to determine their suitability. Hachtel's Augmented Matrix method is proposed and developed as potential SE optimizer for distribution systems due to its potential performance characteristics with regard to accuracy and convergence. Differential Evolution Algorithm (DEA) and Overlapping Zone Approach (OZA) are investigated to achieve scalability of SE tools; followed by which the network division based OZA is proposed and developed. An OZA requiring additional measurements is also proposed to provide a feasible solution for voltage estimation at a reduced computation cost. Realising the requirement of additional measurements deployment to enable distribution system SE, the development of a novel meter placement algorithm that provides economical and feasible solutions is demonstrated. The algorithm is strongly focused on reducing the voltage estimation errors and is capable of reducing the error below desired threshold with limited measurements. The scalable SE solution and meter placement algorithm are applied on a multi-processor system in order to examine effective reduction of computation time. Significant improvement in computation time is observed in both cases by dividing the problem into smaller segments. However, it is important to note that enhanced network division reduces computation time further at the cost of accuracy of estimation. Different networks including both idealised (16, 77, 356 and 711 node UKGDS) and real (40 and 43 node EG) distribution network data are used as appropriate to the requirement of the applications throughout this thesis.
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Chirwa, Danwood Mzikenge. "Towards binding economic, social and cultural rights obligations of non-state actors in international and domestic law: a critical survey of emerging norms." Thesis, University of the Western Cape, 2005. http://etd.uwc.ac.za/index.php?module=etd&.
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This study argued that the issue of non-state actors requires a comprehensive response that includes the recognition of both non-binding and binding human rights obligations of these actors. It examined critically the emerging norms on voluntary obligations, state responsibility, and direct responsibility of these actors with regard to human rights at both international and domestic levels.
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Ganakammal, Satishkumar Ranganathan. "CIS REGULATORY MODULE DISCOVERY IN TH1 CELL DEVELOPMENT." Thesis, Proceeding ISB '10 Proceedings of the International Symposium on Biocomputing ACM New York, NY, USA ©2010 table of contents ISBN: 978-1-60558-722-6 doi>10.1145/1722024.1722039, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/1805/2678.
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Indiana University-Purdue University Indianapolis (IUPUI)Immune response enables the body to resist foreign invasions. The Inflammatory response is an important aspect in the immune response which is articulated by elements such as cytokines, APC, T-cell and B-cell, effector cell or natural killer. Of these elements, T-cells especially T-helper cells; a sub class of T-cells plays a pivotal role in stimulating the immune response by participating in various biological reactions such as, the transcription regulatory network. Transcriptional regulatory mechanisms are mediated by a set of transcription factors (TFs), that bind to a specific region (motifs or transcription factor binding sites, TFBS), on the target gene(s) controlling the expression of genes that are involved in T-helper cell mediated immune response. Eukaryotic regulatory motifs, referred to as cis regulatory modules (CRMs) or cistrome, co-occur with the regulated gene’s transcription start site (TSS) thus, providing all the essential components for building the transcriptional regulatory networks that depends on the relevant TF-TFBS interactions. Here, we study IL-12 stimulated transcriptional regulators in STAT4 mediated T helper 1 (Th1) cell development by focusing on the identification of TFBS and CRMs using a set of Stat4 ChIP-on-chip target genes. A region containing 2000 bases of Mus musculus sequences with the Stat4 binding site, derived from the ChIP-on-chip data, has been characterized for enrichment of other motifs and, thus CRMs. Our experiments identify some potential motifs, (such as NF-κB and PPARγ/RXR) being enriched in the Stat4 binding sequences compared to neighboring background sequences. Furthermore, these predicted CRMs were observed to be associated with biologically relevant target genes in the ChIP-on-chip data set by meaningful gene ontology annotations. These analyses will enable us to comprehend the complicated transcription regulatory network and at the same time categorically analyze the IL-12 stimulated Stat4 mediated Th1 cell differentiation.
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Sevinc, Selim. "A Lagrangean Heuristic For The Two-stage Modular Capacitated Facility Location Problem." Master's thesis, METU, 2008. http://etd.lib.metu.edu.tr/upload/3/12609534/index.pdf.
Full textAbstract:
In this study, a Lagrangean heuristic based on Lagrangean relaxation and subgradient optimization is proposed for the two-stage modular capacitated facility location problem. The objective is to minimize the cost of locating and operating plants and warehouses, plus the cost of transporting goods at both echelons to satisfy the demand of customers. The difference of our study from the two-stage capacitated facility location problem is the existence of multiple capacity levels as a candidate for each plant in the problem. Each capacity level has a minimum production capacity which has to be satisfied to open the relevant capacity level. Obviously, a single capacity level can be selected for an opened facility location. In the second echelon, the warehouses are capacitated and have unique fixed and variable costs for opening and operating. Multiple sourcing is allowed in both transportation echelons.
Firstly, we develop a mixed integer linear programming model for the two-stage modular capacitated facility location problem. Then we develop a Lagrangean heuristic to solve the problem efficiently. Our Lagrangean heuristic consists of three main components: Lagrangean relaxation, subgradient optimization and a primal heuristic. Lagrangean relaxation is employed for obtaining the lower bound, subgradient optimization is used for updating the Lagrange multipliers at each iteration, and finally a three-stage primal heuristic is created for generating the upper bound solutions.
At the first stage of the upper bound heuristic, global feasibility of the plants and warehouses is inspected and a greedy heuristic is executed, if there is a global infeasibility. At the next stage, an allocation heuristic is used to assign customers to warehouses and warehouses to plants sequentially. At the final stage of the upper bound heuristic, local feasibilities of the plants are investigated and infeasible capacity levels are adjusted if necessary.
In order to show the efficiency of the developed heuristic, we have tested our heuristic on 280 problem instances generated randomly but systematically. The results of the experiments show that the developed heuristic is efficient and effective in terms of solution quality and computational effort especially for large instances.
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Moloto, Victor. "Identification, resolution and monitoring of barriers to the availability of essential drugs at primary health care facilities in Lejweleputswa district, Free State Province." Thesis, University of the Western Cape, 2005. http://etd.uwc.ac.za/index.php?module=etd&action=viewtitle&id=init_3659_1180441246.
Full textAbstract:
This study aimed to identify barriers to the availability of essential drugs at health facilities, to identify implementable solutions to those barriers, to develop a monitoring system for tracking implementation of solutions and for tracking drug supply.
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Nyatyowa, Themba Shadrack. "The unification process in the family of the Dutch Reformed Churches from 1975-1994: a critical evaluation." Thesis, University of the Western Cape, 1999. http://etd.uwc.ac.za/index.php?module=etd&.
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Salehian, Ali. "PREDICTING THE DYNAMIC BEHAVIOR OF COAL MINE TAILINGS USING STATE-OF-PRACTICE GEOTECHNICAL FIELD METHODS." UKnowledge, 2013. http://uknowledge.uky.edu/ce_etds/9.
Full textAbstract:
This study is focused on developing a method to predict the dynamic behavior of mine tailings dams under earthquake loading. Tailings dams are a by-product of coal mining and processing activities. Mine tailings impoundments are prone to instability and failure under seismic loading as a result of the mechanical behavior of the tailings. Due to the existence of potential seismic sources in close proximity to the coal mining regions in the United States, it is necessary to assess the post-earthquake stability of these tailings dams.
To develop the aforementioned methodology, 34 cyclic triaxial tests along with vane shear tests were performed on undisturbed mine tailings specimens from two impoundments in Kentucky. Therefore, the liquefaction resistance and the residual shear strength of the specimens were measured. The laboratory cyclic strength curves for the coal mine specimens were produced, and the relationship between plasticity, density, cyclic stress ratio, and number of cycles to liquefaction were identified.
The samples from the Big Branch impoundment were generally loose samples, while the Abner Fork specimens were dense samples, older and slightly cemented. The data suggest that the number of loading cycles required to initiate liquefaction in mine tailings, NL, decreases with increasing CSR and with decreasing density. This trend is similar to what is typically observed in soil. For a number of selected specimens, using the results of a series of small-strain cyclic triaxial tests, the shear modulus reduction curves and damping ratio plots were created.
The data obtained from laboratory experiments were correlated to the previously recorded geotechnical field data from the two impoundments. The field parameters including the SPT blow counts (N1)60, corrected CPT cone tip resistance (qt), and shear wave velocity (vs), were correlated to the laboratory measured cyclic resistance ratio (CRR). The results indicate that in general, the higher the (N1)60 and the tip resistance (qt), the higher the CSR was.
Ultimately, practitioners will be able to use these correlations along with common state-of-practice geotechnical field methods to predict cyclic resistance in fine tailings to assess the liquefaction potential and post-earthquake stability of the impoundment structures.
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Jurkiewicz, David J. (David James). "Modular machinery arrangement and its impact in early-stage naval electric ship design." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/74922.
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Thesis (S.M. in Naval Architecture and Marine Engineering)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Dept. of Mechanical Engineering; and, (S.M.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Dept. of Mechanical Engineering, 2012.Cataloged from PDF version of thesis.
Includes bibliographical references (p. 75-77).
Electrical power demands for naval surface combatants are projected to rise with the development of increasingly complex and power intensive combat systems. This trend also coincides with the need of achieving maximum fuel efficiency at both high and low hull speeds. A proposed solution to meet current and future energy needs of conventionally powered naval surface combatants is through the use of an Integrated Power System (IPS), which is seen as the next evolution in naval ship design. Unfortunately, historically-based ship design process models and parametrics cannot accommodate new-concept designs that are not incremental changes to previous practice. Additionally, integrating IPS with the next generation of ship designs is also synonymous with the desire of conducting system-level tradeoffs early within the ship design process. In an effort to enhance the relationship between new-concept designs and historically-based ship design processes, this thesis focuses on a novel approach of incorporating IPS at the earliest stage of the design process as part of assessing system-level tradeoffs early. This thesis describes a methodology for the system design and arrangement of an IPS machinery plant based on an objective of meeting a desired power generation level, effectively introducing a power constraint at the start of the design process. In conjunction with the methodology development, a hierarchical process and design tool for integration with Graphics Research Corporation's (GRC) naval architecture software suite, Paramarine, is also produced to assist in rapid development and evaluation of various IPS arrangements. The result of this process, through several case studies, provides insight into equipment selection philosophy, the initial sizing of the ship's machinery box, and the initial definition of electrical zones. Lastly, the developed tool is also used to aid in the creation of "design banks," allowing the naval architect to manage weight, power, and volume at the beginning of the ship design process; therefore, supporting early system-level tradeoffs for new-concept designs.
by David J. Jurkiewicz.
S.M.
S.M.in Naval Architecture and Marine Engineering
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Lim, Seungbum. "A Merged two-stage power conversion architecture with switched capacitor circuit for an LED driver module." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/75662.
Full textAbstract:
Thesis (S.M.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Dept. of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, 2012.Cataloged from PDF version of thesis.
Includes bibliographical references (p. 71).
In a power converter specified to convert from wide-range and high-level DC voltage or AC line voltage to low-level DC voltage, satisfying high efficiency, high power density, and high power factor is challenging because of the higher device stress and difficulty of maintaining ZVS/ZCS conditions. Our purpose of the proposed two-stage power conversion architecture is to manage this high peak voltage stress and widely-varying operating conditions and to reduce dissipation by placing a switched capacitor pre-regulator stage in front of a very high frequency DC-DC converter stage. Our proposed two-stage architecture has been designed, built, and tested.
by Seungbum Lim.
S.M.
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Nadeem, Muhammad. "The association between periodontitis and end-stage renal disease." Thesis, University of the Western Cape, 2006. http://etd.uwc.ac.za/index.php?module=etd&action=viewtitle&id=gen8Srv25Nme4_6748_1194349692.
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Patients who are in end-stage renal disease (ESRD) experience a significantly increased rate of atherosclerotic complications. Inflammation plays a central role in the pathogenesis of these complications. The major acute phase protein, C-reactive protein (CRP) has been found to predict all-cause and cardiovascular mortality in ESRD patients. Many patients in ESRD experience elevated CRP levels without an overt infection. Periodontal diseases in the general population have been associated with both an increased prevalence of atherosclerotic complications and an elevation in serum CRP values. The aim of this present study was to investigate whether periodontal disease is associated with increased systemic inflammation reflected by CRP values, in patients with ESRD on maintenance haemodialysis (HD) or perioneal dialysis (PD).
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Hoff, Nicholas R. "Design and implementation of a relative state estimator for docking and formation control of modular autonomous spacecraft." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/39704.
Full textAbstract:
Thesis (S.M.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Dept. of Aeronautics and Astronautics, 2007.Includes bibliographical references (p. 101-103).
Modularity is a promising design concept for space systems. In a modular satellite, the individual subsystems would be broken down into physically distinct modules, which would then dynamically recombine into an aggregate vehicle. This could improve the flexibility and reusability of satellites, and could even enable some mission objectives which are not possible at all with monolithic vehicles. However, modularity requires that some additional new elements be included in the design that are not needed with a monolithic satellite. Two of these are a docking interface to allow modules to attach, and a position measurement system to allow modules to fly accurately in formation and dock with each other. These two additional elements are explored in this thesis. The central focus is on a relative state estimator based on an extended Kalman filter. The estimator is first presented theoretically, then the results of implementation and hardware testing are discussed. This thesis presents two main hardware applications for the estimator, both of which mirror prime space-based applications of modularity itself: docking and formation maintenance/reconfiguration.
by Nicholas R. Hoff, III.
S.M.
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Mitra, Sharmistha. "Ubiquitin Modulates Tollip's PtdIns(3)P Binding and Dissociates the Dimeric State of C-Terminal Cue Domain." Diss., Virginia Tech, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/51151.
Full textAbstract:
Ubiquitylation is a highly controlled post-translational modification of proteins, in which proteins are conjugated either with monoubiquitin or polyubiquitin chains. Ubiquitin modifications on target proteins are recognized by ubiquitin-binding domains, which are found in several effector proteins. In this study, we describe for the first time how ubiquitin controls the function of the Toll-interacting protein (Tollip), which is an effector protein in the innate immune signaling pathway and an adaptor protein for endosomal trafficking. We have demonstrated that the central C2 domain of Tollip preferentially interacts with phosphoinositides with moderate affinity. Remarkably, we found that ubiquitin modulates Tollip's lipid binding. We have observed an ubiquitin dose-dependent inhibition of binding of Tollip to phosphoinositides and it does so specifically by blocking Tollip C2 domain-phosphoinositide interactions. This led us to discover that the Tollip C2 domain is a novel ubiquitin-binding domain. In addition, we have biophysically characterized the association of the Tollip CUE domain to ubiquitin and compared it with Tollip C2 domain-ubiquitin binding. The Tollip CUE domain reversibly binds ubiquitin with affinity higher than C2 domain and at a site that overlaps with that corresponding to the Tollip C2 domain. We have also found that ubiquitin binding to dimeric Tollip CUE domain induces a drastic conformational change in the protein, leading to the formation of a heterodimeric Tollip CUE-ubiquitin complex. These data suggest that ubiquitin binding to the Tollip C2 and CUE domains and ubiquitin-mediated dissociation of CUE dimer reduces the affinity of the Tollip protein for endosomal phosphoinositides, allowing Tollip's cytoplasmic sequestration. Overall, our findings will provide the structural and molecular basis to understand how Tollip works inside the cell and commit itself to cytosolic signalling or endosomal trafficking in a ligand dependent manner.Ph. D.