Relevant bibliographies by topics / State-led gentrification

Academic literature on the topic 'State-led gentrification'

Author: Grafiati
Published: 10 December 2022
Last updated: 28 January 2023

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Journal articles on the topic "State-led gentrification"

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Sigler, Thomas, and David Wachsmuth. "New directions in transnational gentrification: Tourism-led, state-led and lifestyle-led urban transformations." Urban Studies 57, no. 15 (September 15, 2020): 3190–201. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0042098020944041.

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Transnational gentrification is class-based neighbourhood change driven by relatively affluent international migrants. In contrast to the conventional globalisation narrative in which people are significantly more place-bound than capital flows, transnational gentrification suggests that a globally mobile capitalist class has been in large part responsible for rapid change in many urban neighbourhoods. Observations of transnational gentrification have accelerated over the past decade, with scholarly accounts reporting on cases in disparate locations – particularly those in Latin America and the Mediterranean with ‘charming’ old-world architecture, significant cultural amenity and rents below OECD averages. In this article we attribute transnational gentrification in the 21st century to three primary drivers: new forms of tourism and short-term rentals; state-led initiatives to revitalise urban neighbourhoods and catalyse economic activity; and lifestyle-driven migration and new forms of consumption. We argue that transnational gentrification is not simply an outcome of a globalised ‘rent gap’ but instead a product of a new global residential imaginary coupled with enhanced possibilities for transnational mobility facilitated by digital platforms and state-led efforts to extract new forms of rent from particular neighbourhoods. We conclude by offering a number of potential avenues for future research, many of which resonate with key themes that emerged decades ago as gentrification first began to transform cities and urban policy.
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Paton, Kirsteen, and Vickie Cooper. "It's the State, Stupid: 21st Gentrification and State-Led Evictions." Sociological Research Online 21, no. 3 (August 2016): 134–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.5153/sro.4064.

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In this paper we show how the form and effects of gentrification have advanced in the post crash, recessionary context. As such, we argue that state-led gentrification contributes to state-led evictions. The cumulative impacts of government cuts and the paradigmatic shift of housing from a social to financialised entity not only increases eviction risk amongst low income households but, through various legal repossession frameworks that prioritise ownership, the state actively endorses it. Given the nature and extent of these changes in housing, we argue that the state-led gentrification has advanced further. Evictions, we argue, are the new urban frontier and this is orchestrated by the state in fundamental ways.
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La Grange, Adrienne, and Frederik Pretorius. "State-led gentrification in Hong Kong." Urban Studies 53, no. 3 (January 8, 2014): 506–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0042098013513645.

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He, Shenjing. "Three Waves of State-led Gentrification in China." Tijdschrift voor economische en sociale geografie 110, no. 1 (October 12, 2018): 26–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/tesg.12334.

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Yetiskul, Emine, and Sule Demirel. "Assembling gentrification in Istanbul: The Cihangir neighbourhood of Beyoğlu." Urban Studies 55, no. 15 (January 18, 2018): 3336–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0042098017746623.

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This paper aims to contribute to the gentrification literature through the potentials of assemblage thinking. We focus on gentrification in Istanbul, which represents the characteristics of both the Global South and North, and use assemblages to link together gentrification and the temporal scales of Istanbul’s urbanisation as well as geographical scales of gentrification around the world. Approaching gentrification as a continual process of transformation and emergence, we intend to illuminate how assemblages of gentrification in a historical inner-city neighbourhood, Cihangir, can be produced and reproduced in the trajectory of this neighbourhood. In so doing, we reveal and explore the role of the state in seemingly market-led gentrification and draw attention to the generative potentiality in the local resistance to the recent state-led gentrification of Cihangir.
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Ki, Junghoon, Shihyo Lee, and Yoonhee Ki. "Gentrification in the Command Economy: A Story of Pyongyang Metropolitan Area in North Korea." Journal of People, Plants, and Environment 25, no. 6 (December 31, 2022): 545–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.11628/ksppe.2022.25.6.545.

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Background and objective: Gentrification generally refers to changes in residents or operators in neighborhoods by investment in capital, a phenomenon in which wealthy or young professionals replace existing residents or operators in socioeconomic terms. Although conducted mainly in capitalist cities, some studies dealt with socialist systems or state-led gentrification. We intended to demonstrate the gentrification in North Korean by examining the cases of the socialist system and state-led gentrification and looking at urban development and urban space restructuring in Pyongyang Metropolitan Area in North Korea.Methods: To build up methodological framework of the study, we reviewed previous literature that deals with gentrification in capitalist cities, socialist systems, and state-led planning. About the gentrification phenomenon in North Korea, we examined secondary data of North Korea refugee interviews with North Korea government documents and research papers about Pyongyang's building and real estate development. Then, we compared gentrification in capitalist cities, socialist systems (or state-led planning), and North Korea.Results: Gentrification in capitalist cities, socialist system and North Korea differs in their enabling conditions, gentrifying agents, gentrifiers, and processes. National and local governments, usually with the North Korea communist party, play a leading role as gentrifying agents through their public policy. In the gentrification processes, there is an increasing gap between rich and poor and spatial separation between them, especially when displaced households being pushed out of town in North Korea.Conclusion: Urban development and apartment construction in Pyongyang shows the possibility of developing into existing gentrification, and if the private sector that leads gentrification occurs and at the same time, spatial replacement by privileged or upper classes appears, it will be clear that it is a kind of gentrification under the command economy.
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Rosol, M. "Book Review Essay ''Social mixing as state-led gentrification?''." Social Geography 7, no. 1 (December 4, 2012): 47–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/sg-7-47-2012.

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Davidson, Mark. "Spoiled Mixture: Where Does State-led `Positive' Gentrification End?" Urban Studies 45, no. 12 (November 2008): 2385–405. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0042098008097105.

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Almeida, Renan, Pedro Patrício, Marcelo Brandão, and Ramon Torres. "Can economic development policy trigger gentrification? Assessing and anatomising the mechanisms of state-led gentrification." Environment and Planning A: Economy and Space 54, no. 1 (October 14, 2021): 84–104. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0308518x211050076.

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This paper aims to bridge universality – as gentrification stands as a global threat to vulnerable communities – and local circumstances and geographies, by investigating structural factors, such as deindustrialisation and land rent gaps, as well as local political economies and socio-spatial structures, which are all common in the Global South. We conducted research in Belo Horizonte, Brazil, to investigate whether a neoliberal economic development policy acted as a trigger for gentrification, relying on mixed methods research to analyse evidence of economic restructuring, land rent creation, changes in resident profiles and major urban development trends in the region. Findings indicate evidence of economic restructuring and that the policy triggered higher land values. However, we did not observe evidence of gentrification in the area and attribute this to a still-relevant manufacturing sector, the extensive presence of large informal settlements, the growing numbers of suburban gated communities, the low proportion of renters, and the fact that local elites are moving southwards while the policy took place in the northern peripheries of the metropolis. Federal policies such as minimum wage increases and housing programs partially contradicted neoliberal state policies. This case study offers a lens to investigate gentrification in different latitudes and illustrates how social policies may prevent gentrification processes.
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Mösgen, Andrea, Marit Rosol, and Sebastian Schipper. "State-led gentrification in previously ‘un-gentrifiable’ areas: Examples from Vancouver/Canada and Frankfurt/Germany." European Urban and Regional Studies 26, no. 4 (April 2, 2018): 419–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0969776418763010.

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Through an analysis of two international cases from Canada and Germany, this paper highlights the role of the state in governing gentrification and displacement in areas previously thought to be unattractive for profit-seeking capital, that is, ‘un-gentrifiable’. With this, we seek to contribute to the debate on how the role of the local state has changed from securing affordable housing for low-income households into becoming an essential player involved in real estate speculation. Taking Little Mountain in Vancouver as the first example, we examine the privatization and demolition of the public housing complex and thus the withdrawal of the state. Our second example, Ostend in Frankfurt, investigates the restructuring of a working-class neighbourhood through active state-led interventions including massive public investment. We analyse the two empirical examples along five dimensions: causal drivers and mechanisms that have led to the changing role of the state in governing urban transformations; policy instruments used by state agencies to encourage gentrification; strategies to legitimize state-led gentrification; outcomes in terms of direct and exclusionary displacement; and the forms of contestation and protest. We maintain that both cases, although presenting a stark contrast, follow the same rule, namely state-led gentrification.
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Books on the topic "State-led gentrification"

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Watt, Paul. Estate Regeneration and its Discontents. Policy Press, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1332/policypress/9781447329183.001.0001.

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This book provides a theoretically informed, empirically rich account of the development, causes and consequences of public housing (council/local authority/social) estate regeneration within the context of London’s housing crisis and widening social inequality. It focuses on regeneration schemes involving comprehensive redevelopment – the demolition of council estates and their rebuilding as mixed-tenure neighbourhoods with large numbers of market properties which fuels socio-spatial inequalities via state-led gentrification. The book deploys an interdisciplinary perspective drawn from sociology, geography, urban policy and housing studies. By foregrounding estate residents’ lived experiences – mainly working-class tenants but also working- and middle-class homeowners – it highlights their multiple discontents with the seemingly never-ending regeneration process. As such, the book critiques the imbalances and silences within the official policy discourse in which there are only regeneration winners while the losers are airbrushed out of history. The book contains many illustrations and is based on over a decade of research undertaken at several London council-built estates. The book is divided into three parts. Part One (Chapters 2-4) examines housing policy and urban policy in relation to the expansion and contraction of public housing in London, and the development of estate regeneration. Part Two (Chapters 5-7) analyses residents’ experiences of living at London estates before regeneration begins. It argues that residents positively valued their homes and neighbourhoods, even though such valuation was neither unqualified nor universal. Part Three (Chapters 8-12) examines residents’ experiences of living through regeneration, and argues that comprehensive redevelopment results in degeneration, displacement, and fragmented rather than mixed communities.
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Book chapters on the topic "State-led gentrification"

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Işık, Oğuz. "Residential Segregation in a Highly Unequal Society: Istanbul in the 2000s." In The Urban Book Series, 293–309. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-64569-4_15.

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AbstractContrary to trends in many European countries, income inequality in Turkey, measured by the Gini coefficient, has declined between 1994 and 2014, with a small but consistent increase since then. Turkish income inequality is among the highest in OECD countries, with levels not lower than 0.4. This chapter will examine residential socio-economic segregation in Istanbul against the backdrop of this relatively stable and high-income inequality. The chapter shows signs that residential segregation is on the rise. Istanbul has undergone a radical change in the 2000s thanks to active intervention by the state in the real estate market by opening up large pieces of land in the outskirts and gentrifying inner-city areas once occupied by unauthorized settlements that once were home to the poor. Dynamics of urban development, fueled by rapid urban sprawl in peri-urban areas and ceaseless gentrification of inner-city areas, gave way to diverse patterns of segregation depending on the already existing divisions and physical geography of cities. Given the lack of neighbourhood level data on either occupations or income, this chapter analyses segregation through indices based on fertility and educational level, which we know from detailed household microdata are closely correlated with income. On the basis of 2000 and 2017 neighbourhood data, we show that in Istanbul, there is a clearly visible pattern where the poor are progressively pushed further to the city limits, while some parts of built-up areas once home to middle classes, were recaptured by the poor. The result in some parts of the city is a juxtaposition of seemingly conflicting patterns: parts of the inner city were reclaimed by the poor while some parts were gentrified led by the nascent urban elite. The urban periphery was partly occupied by the bourgeoning middle classes and was also home to the urban poor who were displaced by urban transformation projects.
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İslam, Tolga, and Bahar Sakizlioğlu. "The making of, and resistance to, state-led gentrification in Istanbul, Turkey." In Global gentrifications, 245–64. Policy Press, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1332/policypress/9781447313472.003.0013.

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"3. The Effects of State-Led Gentrification in the Netherlands." In City in Sight, 61–80. Amsterdam University Press, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/9789048511211-005.

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"Gentrification dispositifs in the historic centre of Madrid: a reconsideration of urban governmentality and state-led urban reconfiguration." In Global Gentrifications, 375–94. Policy Press, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.51952/9781447313496.ch019.

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Imrie, Rob. "Disruption, Displacement and Dispossession." In Concrete Cities, 86–109. Policy Press, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1332/policypress/9781529220513.003.0005.

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The construction industry continues to benefit from major state support for property-led development that has fuelled the growth of market-orientated building, often in areas of low-cost housing and small businesses. Major cities are awash with speculative building projects that encourage gentrification including upward pressures on rents and exacerbating problems of affordability. Such city building, evident almost everywhere, is analogous to a process of unsettlement and social destabilisation, or what Till (2012: 8) describes as place-based colonisation involving ‘settlement clearances [and] geographies of displacement’. Buildings and spaces increasingly serve and service private places in which much of the built environment is foreclosed to the public and only accessible under specific conditions of entry. Chapter 5 considers how state sponsored ‘building for profit’ in cities is enacting swathes of clearances of people from places, and contributing to new forms of social inequality.
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Figueroa, Maria. "Building a Green New York." In Unions and the City. Cornell University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.7591/cornell/9781501706547.003.0006.

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This chapter discusses two energy retrofit initiatives: the city- and real estate-led PlaNYC policy for retrofitting Manhattan's commercial office space, and the Laborers (LIUNA)-sponsored Green Jobs/Green New York weatherization initiative covering residential property in the city and the state. In the highly competitive and mostly nonunion residential property sector, a familiar tension between affordability for working-class consumers and union concerns with labor standards emerged as the federal stimulus funds used to finance retrofitting work were scaled back. Despite the enormous potential of a green jobs strategy to address employment disparities, revive neighborhoods without gentrification, and launch economic recovery while mitigating ecological damage, labor's vision of a sustainable city seemingly cannot prevail when it confronts the entrenched power of real estate and finance in the global city.
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Sadot, Paul. "Negotiating the Metaspace." In The Oxford Handbook of Hip Hop Dance Studies, 430—C23.P135. Oxford University Press, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oxfordhb/9780190247867.013.17.

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Abstract With patronage from powerful mainstream institutions and corporations, Hip Hop dance theater (HHDT) is under the influence of cultural industry conditions, thereby having become a commodity that is, in its ascendancy, part of the United Kingdom’s neoliberal creative economy. This chapter argues that long-established notions of “what hip hop dance is” are perpetuated in HHDT productions via a type of choreopolicing. This wider space, or metaspace, of supervision is inhabited by interconnected elements including mentorships, funding strategies, and the state-led commodification of arts and culture. The chapter examines how these processes have an impact on the agency and (im)mobility of artists working in the HHDT mold and connect to the wider processes of gentrification and “culturfication” (a neologism for the manufacture of culture) that presently permeate London’s sociocultural, political, and artistic landscape.
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Scandrett, Eurig, Dharmesh Shah, and Shweta Narayan. "Communities resisting environmental injustice in India: philanthrocapitalism and incorporation of people’s movements." In Environmental Justice, Popular Struggle and Community Development, 173–88. Policy Press, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1332/policypress/9781447350835.003.0011.

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With the election of Narendra Modi as prime minister in 2014, opportunities for inward investment by global capital have flourished, generating resistance to its socio-environmental impact. Land grabs aimed at extracting minerals have seen the state backing transnational corporations against communities; Special Economic Zones and corridors for industrial development have multiplied with relaxed labour and environmental regulations, displacing communities and leaving those remaining fighting against pollution and contamination; the impacts of growth have led to urban gentrification and battles over diffuse pollution and access to space. Moreover, the funding of the non-profit sector has been inextricably linked to the global market through philanthrocapitalism by international Foundations and Corporate Social Responsibility, with widespread co-option into the neoliberal agenda. Environmental justice campaigners are faced with a significant challenge of supporting people’s movements at the grassroots whilst working for a coordinated opposition to its cause in post-colonial neoliberalism.
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Watt, Paul. "Conclusion." In Estate Regeneration and its Discontents, 413–36. Policy Press, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1332/policypress/9781447329183.003.0013.

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The concluding chapter summarises the key findings and suggests policy recommendations. Part I delineated the pernicious impacts of neoliberalism and austerity on public/social housing in London, and analysed the role that estate demolition has played. Part II cast a sociological gaze not only at how working-class housing, lives and spaces are materially deprived and symbolically devalued by powerful external forces (neoliberalism and austerity), but also at how such housing, lives and spaces become valued and valuable. This emphasis on positive values corrects those policy perspectives that view estates through the epistemologically narrow lens of quantitative area-based deprivation indices. In comparative urbanism terms, London social housing estates remain substantially different from the anomic, often dangerous spaces of urban marginality such as US public housing projects (Wacquant). Part III focused on residents’ experiences of living through regeneration. It demonstrated how the valuation/devaluation duality tilts around in terms of place belonging. Comprehensive redevelopment diminishes the valued aspects of estates, while the devalued aspects are heightened and eventually dominate. The book provides several policy recommendations and research agendas. Demolition-based regeneration schemes inevitably result in state-led gentrification, but refurbishment-only schemes have the potential to improve estates and residents’ lives.
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Watt, Paul. "Urban policy: estate regeneration." In Estate Regeneration and its Discontents, 63–88. Policy Press, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1332/policypress/9781447329183.003.0003.

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This chapter examines the shifting rationales and funding for estate regeneration in Britain with a focus on London. It provides an overview of urban renewal in both its old slum clearance form and new estate regeneration/demolition form. The chapter identifies an early estate regeneration period (1980s-90s) that included substantial public funding. However, from the late 1990s onwards, the private sector was increasingly expected to finance regeneration, while New Labour also emphasised creating mixed-tenure communities. The New Deal for Communities’ programme is discussed within this context. Rationales for comprehensive redevelopment are examined, including the roles played by neighbourhood effects and ‘sink estate’ place myth. The concept of entrepreneurial borough is introduced in relation to London and the entrepreneurial city (Harvey). The penultimate section identifies a key shift between earlier regeneration schemes (e.g. Comprehensive Estates Initiative in Hackney), and contemporary schemes (e.g. Heygate) which are the book’s primary focus. Whereas the former produced mixed-tenure neighbourhoods including limited private housing, 21st century regeneration schemes are estate densification projects which have resulted in distinct mixed-tenure neighbourhoods weighted towards market housing for sale rather than social renting – estate regeneration masquerading as state-led gentrification. The final section examines the financial and health costs of estate demolition.
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