Journal articles on the topic 'State broadcasting'
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1
Iosifidis, Petros, and Stylianos Papathanassopoulos. "Media, politics and state broadcasting in Greece." European Journal of Communication 34, no. 4 (April 19, 2019): 345–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0267323119844414.
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This article focuses on governmental control over state broadcasting media in Greece and analyses whether Hellenic Broadcasting Corporation can be considered as public or state broadcaster. The first part explores the interrelationship between media, politics and the state in Greece, and the ways the latter has affected the development of Hellenic Broadcasting Corporation. By doing so, it makes references to similar Southern European broadcasting models that are also characterised by clientist manners, ministerial censorship, a powerful state and a weak civil society. Furthermore, it looks at the devastating impact of haphazard deregulation and market liberalisation on Hellenic Broadcasting Corporation since the early 1990s, when the Hellenic Broadcasting Corporation lost much of its formerly loyal audience and advertising income to a number of newly launched commercial television channels. Part 2 assesses the degree of political, editorial and financial independence of Hellenic Broadcasting Corporation under the current SYRIZA-led administration. Hellenic Broadcasting Corporation was re-launched by the left-wing SYRIZA government after a temporary 2-year closure, but it is struggling to maintain a competitive advantage and a politically neutral output.
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Storr, Juliette. "The disintegration of the state model in the English speaking Caribbean." International Communication Gazette 73, no. 7 (November 2011): 553–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1748048511417155.
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Public service broadcasting evolved in the small states of the English speaking Caribbean as state broadcasting. As such, state broadcasting has been forced to change to compete with private broadcasters, cable, satellite and the internet. This article assesses the paradigm shift in public service broadcasting within the former British colonies of the Caribbean, with particular emphasis on Jamaica, the Bahamas, Barbados, and Trinidad and Tobago. Then the article discusses the changes in state broadcasting in the Caribbean region in recent decades in relation to market sector, audiences and digital technology. This is followed by a discussion on the policy directions, programming and mission of newly minted public service broadcasting (PSB) in the English speaking Caribbean with questions of the future of PSB in these small states.
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Ismail, Ervan, Siti Dewi Sri Ratna Sari, and Yuni Tresnawati. "Regulasi Penyiaran Digital: Dinamika Peran Negara, Peran Swasta, dan Manfaat bagi Rakyat." Jurnal Komunikasi Pembangunan 17, no. 2 (July 19, 2019): 124–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.46937/17201926842.
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Digitalization must begin a strong law that is Acts. Based on the records, digital broadcasting regulations using Republic of Indonesia Minister of Communication and Informatics’s regulations could be canceled through lawsuits at Supreme Court and State Administration Court. Broadcast digitalization was begun in 2011 through a digitalization Road Map and till date, the process at House of Representatives has not been completed. 85% of countries in the world have migrated to digital broadcasts. The study aims to describe how changes and various roles in broadcasting digitalization if the revision of the Broadcasting Acts is implemented. The study also aims to find out the impact and benefits of broadcasting digitalization for the public and broadcasting stakeholders compared to present Broadcasting Acts. This study uses participant observation methods and text analysis to categorize the articles of digitalization in the revision draft of the Broadcasting Acts from the House of Representatives Commission I in 2017, accompanied by media coverage analysis. Discourse analysis is used to relate to the problems arised due to broadcast digitalization. The results show that digitalization can provide more channels in the same space than analog broadcasting. Political parties and state institutions will be allowed to have broadcasting institutions. The State through Television Radio of the Republic of Indonesia (RTRI) will become the important player in terrestrial digital broadcasting with a single multiplexer (mux) system, which is considered undemocratic for private television associations. All "television stations" will change and compete to become "content providers" similar to new digital televisions. The government will formulate the mechanisms, socialization, models, roles in digitalizing television broadcasting in a blue print. Digital dividend will be used for the development of internet and telecommunications. The dynamics that occur due to interests’ differences of the state, the private sector and society take part at each stage of broadcasting digitalization regulation. The conclusion of the study illustrates that the use of digital technology in broadcasting through the Acts’ revision could be a solution for both frequency limitation and the efficient use for more diverse broadcasters (diversity of ownership).
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Tigchelaar, N. "State Aid to Public Broadcasting – Revisited." European State Aid Law Quarterly 2, no. 2 (2003): 13. http://dx.doi.org/10.21552/estal/2003/2/18.
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CHAKRABARTY, I. "SECRET BROADCASTING OF W-TYPE STATE." International Journal of Quantum Information 07, no. 02 (March 2009): 559–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0219749909004542.
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In this work we describe a protocol by which one can secretly broadcast W-type state among three distant partners. This work is interesting in the sense that we introduce a new kind of local cloning operation to generate two mixed three qubit entangled states between these partners from a W-type state initially shared by them.
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Ojogbo, Leonard U., Ofili Peter N, and Dibashi A. Anthony. "Employee motivation and its implication on organizational productivity in nigerian media industry." Journal of Applied and Advanced Research 3, no. 2 (April 21, 2018): 32. http://dx.doi.org/10.21839/jaar.2018.v3i2.141.
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This study investigated “Employee Motivation and Its Implication on Organizational Productivity in Nigerian Media Industry (A Study of Delta State Broadcasting Service”). The objectives of the study among others were to determine the motivational factors employed by the management of Delta State Broadcasting Service to enhance workers’ productivity. The methodology adopted was a mixed analysis of quantitative and qualitative parameters based on the survey design which relied on primary and secondary sources of gathering data, through the use of questionnaires and interview instruments. Sixty two (62) questionnaires were administered to all to staff of Delta State Broadcasting Service, two (2) were returned. The study adopted purposive/judgment sampling technique. The data was analyzed and presented using tables, percentages and chi-square. Consequently, the findings reveals that Promotion as a way of motivating workers at Delta State Broadcasting Service is a factor of education, qualification and hard work. There is significant relationship between incentives and work productivity in Delta State Broadcasting Service. Also, monetary incentives and rewards exert a stronger influence on workers than any other form of motivational incentives. The study recommends that Delta State Broadcasting Service should improve its present techniques of motivating its staff to accommodate more workers. The management of Delta State Broadcasting Service should also expand their motivational techniques to incorporate other psychological factors.
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Yafeng, Dong. "The Current State and Development Trends of the Radio Broadcasting Industry in China." Theoretical and Practical Issues of Journalism 8, no. 4 (October 26, 2019): 816–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.17150/2308-6203.2019.8(4).816-828.
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The radio broadcasting industry in China has been operating for more than 40 years. It developed alongside with the policy of reforms and China’s openness, it followed the logic of marketization and institutionalization, it overcame the development boom of the end of the 1980s — the beginning of the 1900s and the period of a decade-long recession on the cusp of the two centuries. The author studied cutting edge literature on the subject of his research and applied such methods as analysis and generalization. The conclusions, concerning the current state and development trends of the radio broadcasting industry in China, have been drawn in relation to four aspects: general background of the branch, market design, ways of monetizing and the development of mass media convergence. To define the market structure in the industry of the radio broadcasting mass media, the author has analyzed the three-level market design, the results of the reforms of the broadcasting and production entities and frequency typing. The analysis of the national policy implementation and of the convergence trends has been taken as a principle to predict trends of development of the mass media convergence in the industry of the broadcasting media. Following the country’s political line, its economic development and the development of new media, Chinese industry of radio broadcasting media shows perfect growth dynamics day by day. In the nearest future, Chinese radio broadcasting will get even closer to convergence with the mobile Internet and other media. The objective of this article is to analyze the current state of Chinese broadcasting industry. The article can be of interest to experts and scientists who specialize in economic research of Chinese broadcasting media and Chinese mass media in general.
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Barbrook, Richard. "Melodies or rhythms?: the competition for the Greater London FM radio licence." Popular Music 9, no. 2 (May 1990): 203–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0261143000003913.
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On 12 July 1989, the Independent Broadcasting Authority (IBA) announced that the Greater London FM licence would go to London Jazz Radio (LJR). This franchise was allocated as part of the expansion of commercial radio in Britain. As in most other countries, the British state owns the electromagnetic spectrum. This allows the government to choose who can broadcast over the airwaves. However, unlike most industrialised countries, the British state chooses not to use all the frequencies made available for broadcasting under international treaties. Instead, there has been a ‘duopoly’ between the radio stations of the state-owned British Broadcasting Corporation (BBC) and commercial stations authorised by the IBA. This limitation on the number of radio stations makes the British broadcasting system seem backward compared not only with the USA, but also the rest of the European Community. However, this oligopoly is now slowly collapsing. The licencing of LJR was a first stage of a period of rapid growth in commercial radio in Britain.
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Cao, Wen Jing, Qing Tian Han, and Sheng Hong Xu. "A Single-Hop Broadcasting Method Based on Busy Tone." Advanced Engineering Forum 6-7 (September 2012): 1140–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/aef.6-7.1140.
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Single-hop broadcasting is a basic information dissemination method. For broadcasting method, wireless channel reservation and channel state indication are two factors effecting information dissemination performance. In this paper, existing channel reservation and channel state indication mechanisms were studied, the limitations of them were analyzed, and a single–hop broadcasting method based on busy tone is proposed. With OPNET network simulation platform, the proposed broadcasting method is modeled and implemented. Experimental results show that the proposed method performs well.
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Abdalazeez, Abeer Ali. "Freedom of Live Satellite Transmission and its Effect on State Sovereignty." Journal of AlMaarif University College, no. 32(1) (January 27, 2021): 446–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.51345/.v32i1.185.g201.
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Direct broadcasting through satellite raises a great problem if it is freed the information and programs without limits and restrictions, because it carries risks to the sovereignty of the receiving state. These risks caused by broadcasting programs and information that affect the political, social, cultural, economic, and other risks that befall the receiving country. This led to a conflict between the principle of state sovereignty and the principle of freedom of information flow which is the legal basis for freedom of direct satellite broadcasting and also led to the division of states between a supporter of freedom of direct satellite broadcasting and its primacy over the principle of state sovereignty and opposition to it. This research came to shed light on this problem of an attempt to address and resolve this conflict, by presenting the issue of freedom of direct satellite broadcasting and its impact on the sovereignty of the state within the framework of the rules of public international law to clarify the principles and provisions of international agreements and covenants and decisions related to this topic, as well as a preview of Juristic views and the states’ opinion.
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Powell, Fernando Mendez. "Seeking Equality in Broadcasting: The Case for Third Sector Broadcasting." International Journal on Minority and Group Rights 21, no. 2 (June 12, 2014): 178–225. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/15718115-02102002.
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Members of groups which are traditionally economically or socially disadvantaged tend to also suffer from additional barriers in relation to their ability to establish and control mass media outlets and from insufficiency of media output which represents them and addresses their specific needs. These inequalities in the field of mass media can help perpetuate and aggravate a situation of marginalization and are especially notable in relation to broadcasting due to the higher barriers of entry associated with the medium. The present article makes a case for the state promotion and support of third sector broadcasting as an affirmative measure which can be used to combat inequalities in broadcasting while discussing its advantages and disadvantages in comparison to alternative measures. The aim is not to negate the need for other types of measures but to explain why aiding the development of third sector broadcasting outlets is an option which warrants serious consideration by every state seeking to address situations in which specific groups have been disadvantaged in the field of mass media and broadcasting in specific.
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Delaney, Liam, and Francis O'Toole. "The Distributional Effects of State-Financed Broadcasting." Journal of Media Economics 19, no. 2 (April 2006): 83–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.1207/s15327736me1902_1.
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Mahan, Elizabeth. "Mexican Broadcasting: Reassessing the Industry-State Relationship." Journal of Communication 35, no. 1 (March 1, 1985): 60–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1460-2466.1985.tb01884.x.
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Ayish, Muhammad. "Arab State Broadcasting Systems in Transition The Promise of the Public Service Broadcasting Model." Middle East Journal of Culture and Communication 3, no. 1 (2010): 9–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/187398609x12584657078448.
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AbstractIn an Arab region entangled in global political, economic, social, and technological transformations, it seems natural to see traditionally paternalistic state broadcasting systems going through transitions. It has been noted that in Arab countries where social and political reforms are highly visible, radio and television services have been most cognizant of the need to adapt to surrounding change. Yet, in the long run, if government broadcasters are perceived to evolve along a path most compatible with envisioned democratization trends, it is public service rather than commercial broadcasting that holds the promise for that democratic vision. State broadcasters share significant features with their public service counterparts when it comes to service universality, funding, social and cultural empowerment, and public interest orientations. It is true that state broad casters in Arab countries with a progressive democratic history have demonstrated a propensity to be more inclusive and pluralistic in addressing national political and cultural issues. But all in all, their institutional affiliation with the state has been highly inhibitive for the pursuit of independence in news and current affairs, documentaries, and religious and cultural content. To bring themselves into closer alignment with the PSB model, state broadcasters need to harness ongoing social and political reforms to address four central issues arising out of their relation ship with government: editorial independence, institutional autonomy, non-state broadcast competition, and program enhancement. The writer notes that those issues have been occasionally addressed in the contexts of new audio-visual laws, broadcast restructurings, state-commercial broadcasting co-existence, and professional and technological development. The writer concludes that only an institution of genuine democratic political, social, and economic reforms in the region would secure state broadcasters' transition into the PSB model.
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Kwak, Ki-Sung. "The Role of the State in the Regulation of Television Broadcasting in South Korea." Media International Australia 92, no. 1 (August 1999): 65–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1329878x9909200109.
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Television broadcasting in South Korea is experiencing a major change in its regulatory structure under the new government led by Kim Dae-Jung, who won the 1997 election as an opposition candidate for the first time in Korean history. Based on the review of the regulatory history of television broadcasting and its recent development in South Korea, this paper provides an overall background which explains the way in which the state has shaped and developed the regulatory structure of television broadcasting in Korea. It argues that the policies set in law and regulatory practice exercised by the state bureaucracy have not always been consistent or completely compatible. It concludes that this has been mainly because the government has been the sole player in establishing, framing and devising television broadcasting regulations.
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Masduki, Masduki. "Media and Politics: Re-Thinking the Indonesian Broadcasting System." Jurnal Ilmu Sosial dan Ilmu Politik 21, no. 1 (October 25, 2017): 14. http://dx.doi.org/10.22146/jsp.28680.
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The emergence of the policy of broadcasting liberalization in the established democracies of Europe and North America, which is indicated by the absence of state intervention to broadcasting governance has been influencing broadcasting policy in the new democracies, including Indonesia. Is it true that Indonesia adopts a liberal broadcasting policy? This paper outlines two issues. First, the academic debate surrounding broadcasting system in the world. Second, discussion as stated by scholars on a thesis of the enactment of the liberal media system in Indonesia that is primarily based on the broadcasting policies after Suharto’s reign of power, among others Law 32/2002 on Broadcasting. Based on the intensive literature review, it can be concluded that the broadcasting system prevailing in Indonesia is not purely liberal, but a mix of liberal and authoritarian model, a unique character that also occurs in the post-communist and post-authoritarian states in Asia, Africa and Eastern Europe. This mix is indicated within the last fifteen years through the adoption of public and community broadcasters and the establishment of Komisi Penyiaran Indonesia (KPI) as an independent regulator that were accompanied with the existing control of the ruling government to public broadcasters (RRI & TVRI); the weak mandate of KPI and the omission of commercial broadcasting domination.
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Holtz- Bacha, Christina. "The EU, the member states and the future of public broadcasting." Doxa Comunicación. Revista interdisciplinar de estudios de comunicación y ciencias sociales, no. 3 (June 2005): 231–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.31921/doxacom.n3a13.
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Public service broadcasting (PSB) has come under considerable pressure by the EU Commission. This is due to the fact that the Commission treats broadcasting as a service as any other and therefore applies the competition regulation of the EC Treaty to broadcasting stations, independent of their commercial interests or public service mission. Against this background, the financing of public broadcasting is regarded as being state aids that are only allowed under special circumstances. In recent years, several commercial broadcasters from different member states filed complaints and claimed distortion of competition through state aids for public service broadcasting. At first, the Commission remained reluctant but has meanwhile adopting an active role, finally pushing aside the member states although, according to the Amsterdam Protocol, they have the competence to define the remit of PSB and to decide about its funding. This battle is about to change the broadcasting systems of the European countries where PSB has been a defining feature for more than 50.
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Joao dos Santos, Virgilio Mateus. "THE CURRENT STATE AND TRENDS OF THE DEVELOPMENT OF DIGITAL TELE-RADIO BROADCASTING SYSTEMS IN THE WORLD." SYNCHROINFO JOURNAL 7, no. 1 (2021): 17–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.36724/2664-066x-2021-7-1-17-23.
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The object of the research is to make an analysis of the current state of the digital tele-broadcasting systems in the world and the transition trends from analogue to digital systems recommended by the International Telecommunication Union (ITU-R) for use in this area are considered. Therefore, the current trend of global transition to digital tele-broadcasting is due not only to the lack of a frequency resource, but also to society’s growing demands for up-to-date information, the need to introduce common global standards and systems for broadcasting systems. expansion of digital tele-broadcasting in the context of globalization, as well as the presence of this transmission technology. In this work, he is dedicated to considering the sustainable development trends of digital satellite broadcasting in the world in the phase of migration from analog to digital technologies in this area. In the final part, the results obtained based on the research and analysis made in recommendations and in the ITU-R database are presented.
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Joao dos Santos, Virgilio Mateus. "THE CURRENT STATE AND TRENDS OF THE DEVELOPMENT OF DIGITAL TELE-RADIO BROADCASTING SYSTEMS IN THE WORLD." SYNCHROINFO JOURNAL 7, no. 1 (2021): 17–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.36724/2664-066x-2021-7-1-17-23.
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The object of the research is to make an analysis of the current state of the digital tele-broadcasting systems in the world and the transition trends from analogue to digital systems recommended by the International Telecommunication Union (ITU-R) for use in this area are considered. Therefore, the current trend of global transition to digital tele-broadcasting is due not only to the lack of a frequency resource, but also to society’s growing demands for up-to-date information, the need to introduce common global standards and systems for broadcasting systems. expansion of digital tele-broadcasting in the context of globalization, as well as the presence of this transmission technology. In this work, he is dedicated to considering the sustainable development trends of digital satellite broadcasting in the world in the phase of migration from analog to digital technologies in this area. In the final part, the results obtained based on the research and analysis made in recommendations and in the ITU-R database are presented.
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Papathanassopoulos, Stylianos. "Broadcasting, politics and the state in Socialist Greece." Media, Culture & Society 12, no. 3 (July 1990): 387–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/016344390012003007.
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Sparks, Colin. "The Survival of the State in British Broadcasting." Journal of Communication 45, no. 4 (December 1, 1995): 140–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1460-2466.1995.tb00759.x.
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Waisbord, Silvio R. "Leviathan dreams: State and broadcasting in South America." Communication Review 1, no. 2 (January 1995): 201–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/10714429509388259.
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Sharma, Tripta. "India’s State Run Media: Broadcasting, Power, and Narrative." Contemporary South Asia 27, no. 4 (October 2, 2019): 558–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/09584935.2019.1689665.
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Katsoudas, Dimitrios. "Greece: A politically controlled state monopoly broadcasting system." West European Politics 8, no. 2 (April 1985): 137–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/01402388508424530.
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Varney, Mike. "European Controls on Member State Promotion and Regulation of Public Service Broadcasting and Broadcasting Standards." European Public Law 10, Issue 3 (September 1, 2004): 503–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.54648/euro2004030.
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Public service broadcasting is still widely supported in the European Union, despite technological developments which are now offering a challenge to many of the traditional justifications offered for the support of the concept. This article aims to demonstrate that public service broadcasting, along with associated measures designed to support high standards of quality in other broadcasting services, are still very important in the modern context due to the media's pivotal role in society. An analysis of the impact of 'European public law' which, in this context, is primarily restricted to the law on the freedom to provide services and the associated effects of the 'Television Without Frontiers' Directive and the law relating to state aids, aims to highlight the impact which European Public Law has had on media regulation. Some of the more recent developments, such as the European Court of Justice's decision in Ferring and Altmark, along with the Commission's corresponding change in attitude to state funding of public service broadcasting, are welcomed. The Court's more recent decisions taken under the freedom to provide services are questioned more closely, as it appears that these measures can be said to have had a more significant impact upon the traditions of media regulation within Member State constitutions.
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Tropea, Mauro. "State-of-the-Art in Satellite Communication Networks." Electronics 11, no. 9 (April 25, 2022): 1368. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/electronics11091368.
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Tropea, Mauro. "State-of-the-Art in Satellite Communication Networks." Electronics 11, no. 9 (April 25, 2022): 1368. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/electronics11091368.
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De Giorgi, Laura. "Communication Technology and Mass Propaganda in Republican China." European Journal of East Asian Studies 13, no. 2 (2014): 305–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/15700615-01302009.
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This article analyses the policies and plans of the Nationalist Party (Guomindang, GMD) regarding wireless radio broadcasting, arguing that they laid the foundations for the development of a national-level modern cultural institution aimed, for the first time in China, at mass propaganda and education. During the Nanjing decade, notwithstanding its limits beyond the most developed urban areas, the Nationalists’ approach was the extensive use of radio broadcasting for the ‘partyfication’ (danghua) of Chinese state structure and the Chinese people’s social and cultural life. Nevertheless, their aspirations were greater than their ability to transform the plan into reality. Unable to impose an effective state monopoly on radio communication and broadcasting infrastructures, the Nationalists’ aims to exert stronger control and to gain a hegemonic position in the Chinese ‘ether’ could be achieved only by resorting to technical, administrative and legal measures whose efficacy was rather limited, because it was subordinated to a capacity to have them implemented. The Nationalists’ main accomplishments were the establishment of a powerful national radio broadcasting station under the control of the Party in Nanjing and of a central-level commission aimed at coordinating the work of the different state, Party and military bureaucracies involved in radio broadcasting propaganda.
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Talebian, Sara. "Understanding the characteristics of broadcast media policy in Iran: A thematic policy analysis." Global Media and Communication 16, no. 2 (June 7, 2020): 148–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1742766520921906.
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This article aims to explore the characteristics of broadcasting media policy in Iran. Ratified laws and regulatory documents concerning broadcast media in Iran are collected and analysed using qualitative content analysis and thematic coding. The results indicate that rigid state ownership, promoting political and cultural discourses, unification, using state-secured budgets, focussing on mass audience and developing air broadcasting technology have been the core themes of the broadcast media policy paradigm in Iran in the past four decades. In the given time horizon, the Iranian government has always reinforced regulatory policies for broadcast media to impose limitations on possible broadcasting activities of individuals, groups and commercial parties.
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Shmygin, Vladislav Andreevich, and Vladimir Leopoldovich Shultz. "Social Technologies for Broadcasting the Image of the State." Национальная безопасность / nota bene, no. 6 (June 2022): 71–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.7256/2454-0668.2022.6.39273.
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The article is devoted to the relevant social technologies in the process of constructing and broadcasting the image of the country. The theoretical basis of the concept of social technologies is described, the essence of which is revealed through social knowledge. The role of a researcher of social technologies who has social knowledge and takes the position of a social consultant in matters of designing and broadcasting the image of the state is considered. The authors consider the technologies of formation and translation of the stock of knowledge about the state on the example of socio-political practice – real cases. The authors analyze the main technological approaches affecting the image of the state: correction of historical memory, "Soft power". The main conclusions of this article are the provisions that the use of the "Soft Power" technological approach in the context of broadcasting the image of the state is relevant at the moment, since it allows to broadcast ideas related to the worldview characteristic of the Russian public consciousness. The universal nature of "soft power" allows to spread ideas – social phenomena that affect the construction of the image. At the same time, the issue of correcting historical memory remains important, which is also a relevant social technology. The historical process in the minds of individuals can acquire additional interpretations, which leads to changes in individuals' perceptions of the historical process and the transformation of attitudes to the history of the state and, accordingly, its image.
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Teer-Tomaselli, Ruth, and Keyan Tomaselli. "Reconstituting public service broadcasting." Communicare: Journal for Communication Studies in Africa 13, no. 2 (November 7, 2022): 44–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.36615/jcsa.v13i2.1995.
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As South Africa moved from formal apartheid to multi-party elections between February 1990 and April 1994, a unique testing ground for theories of media and democracy became available for analysis. Political struggles and discourses at every level of state and civil society were dominated by the demands of pressure groups, some with military support. Little agreement existed on what constituted democracy, on how such a practice could be attained, and whether or not a single nation could be forged out of the linguistic, cultural, ethnic, racial, class and geographical patchwork into which South Africa has been fragmented by apartheid.
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Calvo, Ángel. "Regulation and Business in the Origins and Development of the Mass Media: Radio Broadcasting in Spain." International Journal of Business Studies and Innovation 1, no. 2 (December 30, 2021): 123–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.35745/ijbsi2021v01.02.0013.
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Wireless telegraphy ranks as the third groundbreaking 19th-century contribution to modern telecommunications, after the electric telegraph and the telephone. Initially of little interest, it gained widespread acceptance and became a commercial communication system that was fiercely fought for by the world's major powers. One feature of radiotelegraphy is broadcasting¸ which has developed with great impetus among the economic powers. In Western Europe, state control over broadcasting predominated from the first regulation in the 1920s until the 1980s. This was the case in Spain, where the State imposed a system of concession for the construction and operation of the network of stations by public tender. Finally, the development of broadcasting was inferior to that of the major powers but superior to that of other Mediterranean nations, as indicated by the sixth position it occupied in a selected list of countries. This study is performed to analyze broadcasting penetration from a dual perspective of supply/demand and the economic and business angle, mainly from primary sources.
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Fatwa, Ah Fajruddin. "Penyebaran Radikalisme di Media Penyiaran TV Indonesia." Proceedings of International Conference on Da'wa and Communication 1, no. 1 (November 5, 2019): 160–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.15642/icondac.v1i1.286.
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This article focused on assessing the role of media broadcasting in the spreading religious radicalism in Indonesia. The emergence of numbers broadcasting and diversity of content used was not only have positive impact on the delivery of information in the community but also possible negative impact among the communities. The research found three identified negative impacts among society. First, spreading hatred information towards certain social or religious groups. Second, the potential for disintegration of national disintegration with messages that conflict with national values. Third, the potential for legal violations that occur due to the weak supervision of digital-based broadcast content. The research also found three weaknesses to develop the capacity Indonesia Broadcast committee first, restoring the weak of statement regulation and contradictory norm within the Broadcasting Behavior Guidelines and broadcasting behavior standard. Second, Developing the institutional coordination among the state institution, and strengthening the socialization of new Broadcasting Behavior Guidelines and broadcasting behavior standard.
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Hirina, T. S. "State support of broadcasting for national minorities in Ukraine." Science and Education a New Dimension VI(146), no. 24 (December 8, 2017): 52–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.31174/send-hs2017-146v24-12.
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Thomas, Pradip N. "Broadcasting and the state in India: towards relevant alternatives." Gazette (Leiden, Netherlands) 51, no. 1 (February 1993): 19–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/001654929305100102.
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Malakhovskaya, Vera Vladimirovna, and Ekaterina Dmitrievna Kiiko. "On the modern Russian online radio broadcasting." Litera, no. 12 (December 2021): 82–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.25136/2409-8698.2021.12.36936.
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The subject of this research is broadcasting in the modern digital age. The object is the modern Russian online radio broadcasting. The goal lies in examination of the role of online radio broadcasting in the modern Russian digital space. The author aims to trace the dynamics of the development of online radio broadcasting in Russia and abroad, summarize the conclusions of the Russian researchers on the development trends of online radio broadcasting in Russia for the past decade, analyze the current state of Russian online radio broadcasting with its positive and negative sides, make recommendation for optimization of the study of Russian online radio broadcasting. The novelty of this article lies in the analysis of evolution of the Russian online radio broadcasting in the context of modern trends of the Russian and US information space. The conclusion is made that online radio broadcasting occupies a special niche within the global and Russian digital information space for the two decades of the XXI century. The dynamically developing information technologies enhance the convergent nature of this type of media, contributing to its penetration into modern social networks through mobile telephony. The US statistical data indicate testify to the growing popularity of online radio broadcasting in the United States. Various Russian data indicate a decline in the popularity of radio broadcasting overall, but rise of popularity of online radio broadcasting among certain segments of the Russian audience. The Russian academic community should increase cooperation with the media research centers to arrange consistent sources of statistical information for optimization of the study of online radio broadcasting in Russia.
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Wulandari, Nurul Adji Dwi. "LEMBAGA PENYIARAN PUBLIK INDONESIA DALAM PERSIMPANGAN IDEALISME VS EKONOMI POLITIK MEDIA." Interaksi: Jurnal Ilmu Komunikasi 5, no. 1 (March 29, 2017): 78. http://dx.doi.org/10.14710/interaksi.5.1.78-89.
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AbstractTVRI status changing into public service broadcasting, both for its central broadcast station and its local broadcast station in 2003 brought many significant changes in these oldest television broadcast station in Indonesia. One of the most significant changes that can be traced is on its funding system. As a public service broadcasting, TVRI was guaranted to obtain the operational fund through the state or regional budget funding mechanisme. The government also promised that TVRI will be given oppportunity to operate like private broadcast station in order to gain maximal profit which has stated through government regulations and broadcasting acts. Inevitably consequent of this funding practice system, has put TVRI to always depend on goverment in order to operate daily. In the other hand, this funding system also will make TVRI gain a lot of profit and income commercially. These mixed funding systems indicate that there are political economy interest behind the new status that has been granted for TVRI. The problem is located on the practice of this kind model of funding on a public service broadcasting that will make the neutrality and independency of this public service broadcasting to be questioned. The remaining quetions, Will TVRI come to its own realazation to visualize its idealism to be the true public service broadcasting that serves public needs or will TVRI be crushed by the economy politic media policy and serve those who has a power that control the media Keywords: media, public service broadcasting, economy politic media, broadcast act
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Castro, J. Justin. "Radiotelegraphy to Broadcasting." Mexican Studies/Estudios Mexicanos 29, no. 2 (2013): 335–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.1525/msem.2013.29.2.335.
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This essay explores the development of wireless communications from radiotelegraphy to broadcasting. An under analyzed and important topic, Porfirian and revolutionary wireless officials and policies laid the foundation for Mexico’s powerful broadcasting and telecommunications industries. From the beginning, communications specialists used radio for state and nation building, especially in the hinterlands. The Revolution briefly shifted the focus of wireless experts away from the frontiers and toward warfare; however, the upheaval actually expanded the number of wireless devices and technicians. These professionals subsequently became essential figures in communications projects carried out during the presidencies of Venustiano Carranza and Álvaro Obregón, as well as during the rise of broadcasting in the 1920s. El presente ensayo analiza el desarrollo de las radiocomunicaciones, desde la radiotelegrafía hasta la radiodifusión. El tema ha sido poco analizado, pero es importante: los oficiales y las políticas de radiocomunicación porfiristas y revolucionarios sentaron las bases de las poderosas industrias de la radio y la telecomunicación en México. Desde un principio, especialistas en comunicaciones utilizaron la radio para la construcción del estado y la nación, especialmente en las fronteras del país. La revolución desplazó brevemente la atención de los expertos lejos de las fronteras y hacia la guerra; sin embargo, el levantamiento no hizo sino aumentar el número de aparatos y técnicos de radiocomunicación. Más adelante, estos profesionales se convertirían en figuras esenciales en proyectos de comunicación emprendidos durante las presidencias de Venustiano Carranza y Álvaro Obregón, así como durante el florecimiento de la radiodifusión en la década de 1920.
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Fedorchuk, Liudmyla. "Digital Television in Ukraine: Current State and Prospects of Development." Current Issues of Mass Communication, no. 19 (2016): 39–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.17721/2312-5160.2016.19.39-48.
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The main objective of the study was to analyse the particularities of transition from terrestrial to digital format of the television in Ukraine. This objective was accomplished with the help of the following research methods: the method of analysis was applied to select the subjects of digitalization and to determine their role in the overall process; historical method was used to reconstruct the chronological order of events in transition to the digital television in Ukraine and in the world; the method of analogy was applied to determine the prospects of digital broadcasting development in Ukraine. Results and Conclusions. The process of transition from analogue to digital format of television in Ukraine has been lasting for 10 years. This is due to some problems at the state level (the conflict in competences of the responsible state agencies, the lack of a single decision-making centre, the lack of influence on the monopoly provider), at the TV content market (the unfounded costs of territory coverage with analogue signal, the lack of digital broadcasting licenses for many regional and local channels), and at the service provider’s level (the monopoly position of the existing provider, the absence of grounded calculation for territory coverage by the current national network). This set of problems leads to ambiguity in digital television perception within the domestic market, and costs Ukraine in its international public image due to failure to fulfil the Geneva 2006 agreement. The new relationships and patterns in transition from terrestrial to digital format of the television broadcasting in Ukraine were discovered in this study. It is grounded that the coordinated and efficient work of responsible state agencies is needed to solve the existing problems and to implement transition to digital broadcasting in Ukraine. The construction of alternative digital networks and the licensing of new digital networks providers are also needed, as well as the state assistance in providing digital TV devices to vulnerable groups of population and proper information campaign of the need to transit to digital TV.
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Akrofi-Quarcoo, Sarah, and Audrey Gadzekpo. "Indigenizing radio in Ghana." Radio Journal:International Studies in Broadcast & Audio Media 18, no. 1 (April 1, 2020): 95–112. http://dx.doi.org/10.1386/rjao_00018_1.
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Radio is hailed as Africa’s medium of choice in the global communication age. Introduced as a colonial tool of information, education and entertainment in the early 1930s, radio broadcasting was mainly in colonial languages as colonial administrators perceived local language broadcasting a threat to their empire building and ‘civilization’ agendas. The fortunes of local language broadcasting did not dramatically change in the independence era when broadcast media were in the firm control of the state. From the beginning of the twenty-first century, however, mostly resulting from a more liberalized media environment, local language broadcasting has undergone unprecedented growth. Drawing on written archival material, including internal communication among policy-makers, audience letters, key informant interviews and findings from a recent audience study, this article charts the progressive development of local language radio broadcasting in Ghana, and engages with the role played by early audiences and broadcasters in indigenizing broadcast content.
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Zvozdetska, Oksana. "Controling and governance of audiovisual media services in Poland." Історико-політичні проблеми сучасного світу, no. 33-34 (August 25, 2017): 213–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.31861/mhpi2016.33-34.213-221.
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The paper attempts to outline the Polish National Broadcasting Council’s establishing and evaluating its activities. The author observes that after 1989, one of the most essential achievements of the Polish media market was the creation of the National Broadcasting Council (Krajowa Rada Radiofonii i Telewizji KRRiT), that laid the foundations for a new media landscape in Poland. In a broader perspective, despite being criticized, the National Broadcasting Council is to meet high expectations for the electronic media regulation, its impact on state policy in implementing cultural and educational tasks by the Polish community broadcasters. Concurrently, making mistakes and handling criticism was partly caused by the Council politicization bias, a large executive subordination that doesn’t comply both with the Law “On Television and Radio Broadcasting” and European practice. Notable, the success of community broadcasters, who value interaction with viewers and listeners, should be a model for audiovisual sector to emulate.
Keywords: Mass Media, the National Broadcasting Council, Advisory Council, audiovisual sector
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Kholik, Kholilul. "Peran Media Penyiaran di Era Revolusi Industri 4.0." Jurnal SOMASI (Sosial Humaniora Komunikasi) 2, no. 1 (July 20, 2021): 51–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.53695/js.v2i1.434.
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The rapid development of information and communication technology in the era of the industrial revolution 4.0 has brought many changes and implications for the world of broadcasting, namely the presence of new broadcast media. However, the presence of these broadcasting media has not been accommodated in broadcasting regulations, namely Law Number 32 of 2002 concerning Broadcasting so that the principles of broadcasting that apply in Indonesia have not been implemented properly. Broadcast media is very much needed in people's lives, which is considered a tool to disseminate information needed by the public. The method used in this research is a qualitative approach with discourse analysis. The results obtained in this research are related to that the media has a strategic role in providing information to the public which includes religious, political, economic and social aspects so that the community or the public can know the conditions of the region and the State and can reveal cultural identity nationally without distinguishing groups or groups. ethnic group.
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Davis, Glyn. "The Irish Media." Media Information Australia 42, no. 1 (November 1986): 37–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1329878x8604200111.
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Three companies and one trustee own all the major Irish daily newspapers, though there are a number of independent weekly and regional publications. The state, through the Radio Telefis Eireann (the RTE, a public service broadcasting organisation modelled on the BBC but largely funded through advertising), runs all radio and television stations. At least, the state runs all official radio, for since the late 1970s several pirate radio stations have operated from Dublin. The government of Garret FitzGerald has promised to legitimise these stations through new broadcasting legislation.
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Starks, Michael John. "Digital Convergence and Content Regulation." Convergent Television(s) 3, no. 6 (December 24, 2014): 125. http://dx.doi.org/10.18146/2213-0969.2014.jethc075.
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Distribution systems for broadcasting, Press and Internet journalism are converging: the same infrastructure can deliver all three historically separate services. Reception devices mirror this: the Connected TV, the tablet and the smart phone overlap in their functionality. Service overlaps are evident too, with broadcasters providing online and on-demand services and newspapers developing electronic versions. Does this mean that media regulation policies must converge too? My argument is that they should, though only where historically different communications are now fulfilling a similar function, e.g. broadcaster online services and electronic versions of newspapers. Convergence requires a degree of harmonisation and, to this end, I advocate a review of UK broadcasting’s ‘due impartiality’ requirement and of the UK’s application of the public service concept. I also argue for independent self-regulation (rather than state-based regulation) of non-public-service broadcasting journalism. These proposals are UK-specific since, given the regulatory and cultural differences between countries, detailed policy changes are likely to be determined mainly at national level, but I note the wider European context. Moreover, the underlying principle is relevant internationally: as freedom of entry into the non-public service sector of broadcast and online journalism becomes closer to the historically much greater freedom of entry into the Press, so the regulation of freedom of expression in these converging fields should become more consistent – and, I would argue, less state-based.
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Gadringer, Stefan, Ricard Parrilla Guix, and Josef Trappel. "Spectrum allocation, media policy and the key stakeholders’ understanding of digitalization in Austria: A shift in the regulatory preferences from broadcasting to broadband." journal of digital media & policy 10, no. 2 (June 1, 2019): 163–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.1386/jdmp.10.2.163_1.
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Recent developments regarding media services transmitted through broadcasting and broadband technology have sparked new trends in digitalization and media convergence. Digitalization was supposed to safeguard the key social role of broadcasting in Europe, but it has mainly intensified its market dependence and orientation. Broadcasters no longer have priority in spectrum policy over online audio–visual services and broadband. Against this background, we analyse how much broadcasting is losing ground as a privileged cultural form as well as a widely used form of electronic mass communication technology in Austria. Through document analysis and stakeholder interviews, this article addresses how far, between 2007 and 2017, regulation, frequency allocations and the preferences of politicians and key stakeholders point at the substitution of broadcasting by broadband as the main means for the provision of media mass communication. The project draws on a new-institutionalist approach, which states that the output in a given policy process can be understood by researching technological change and the preferences of state and market actors together with the ideological cleavages and the formal and informal institutional rules affecting the process. The research objectives are: (1) to assess the evolution of media policy and communication legislation affecting broadcasting and electronic communication during the final stage of TV digitalization in Austria; (2) to assess the available supply and demand of the radio spectrum for free-to-air (FTA) broadcasting and the frequency share of broadcasters and (mobile) broadband operators; (3) to assess the understanding that political decision-makers and key stakeholders have regarding the role of broadcasting and broadband services both as social practice and as a technological solution for mass communication. The findings, which generally point to a shift from broadcast to broadband, are analysed against the background of the WRC 2015 outcome.
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Kasza, Gregory J. "Democracy and the Founding of Japanese Public Radio." Journal of Asian Studies 45, no. 4 (August 1986): 745–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/2056085.
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Party governments in Japan during the period from 1924 to 1932 joined a majority of the European democracies in imposing rigid state controls over the new medium of radio. Over the years many elected governments have restricted political expression over radio despite the strong logical connection between free elections and free speech, and this article examines the Japanese case in a comparative perspective. It analyzes the decision-making process that produced Nihon Hōsō Kyōkai (NHK), the public-interest radio monopoly, in Japan in 1926, as well as the exercise of state controls over broadcasting until the last prewar party cabinet fell in 1932. Various definitions of the public interest that are consistent with democratic values may nonetheless call for close state supervision of broadcasting. In Japan, the rationale for the control of radio resembled the rationales of many contemporary democracies. The Japanese experience suggests that, although broadcasting controls may not have contradicted democratic principles, the development of a strong democratic regime would have been better served by a liberal policy toward the new electronic medium.
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Lewis, Glen, and Peter Thompson. "Communications Deregulation and Democratisation in Thailand." Media International Australia 96, no. 1 (August 2000): 121–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1329878x0009600115.
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This article considers recent Thai communication policy debates as a case study of some of the tensions in Asian communications regulation. Thailand is now reregulating its communications after a period of boom and bust. With the new 1997 Constitution, there is an expectation that regulation should ensure more public oversight of telecoms and broadcasting, formerly the province of state agencies, the army and big business. One problem for reformers, however, is the prospect of telecom and broadcasting regulation being combined. Another issue is that, as the power of the army and the state agencies is being challenged, new private monopolies are replacing them. After locating Thai experience in its regional context, the article examines the main telecom and broadcasting policy issues in the 1990s. It argues, pace the view that communications deregulation promotes efficiency and national development, that it may reinforce social inequality in developing countries.
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Alvarez, Clara Luz. "Regulatory State and Judicial Decisions in Telecommunications in Mexico." Law, State and Telecommunications Review 10, no. 1 (May 14, 2018): 15–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.26512/lstr.v10i1.21498.
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Purpose – To assess the role of the judiciary in defining the Regulatory State and in regulating telecommunications in Mexico after almost 5 years of the creation of an independent regulator for telecommunications and broadcasting (Instituto Federal de Telecomunicaciones) with authority in antitrust matters.
Methodology/approach/design – To identify the most relevant judicial decisions in telecommunications and antitrust matters, research upon the context in which they were adopted, analyze the content of the decisions and identify the impact of such judicial decisions in the construction of the Mexican Regulatory State, and in the law, in regulation/acts of the regulator.
Findings – The main findings are that: (1) the Mexican Regulatory State is a reality now, even if it is in its beginnings; (2) Congress is receptive to Judiciary´s decisions; and (3) deference by judiciary to the regulator is not a blank check, even if there are complex technical issues and a discretionary decision.
Practical implications – The identification of a Regulatory State in Mexico evidences that there are deep changes in the traditional relationship between Congress and regulators. Also, the deference granted by the courts to regulators must be considered as a consequence of such Regulatory State. Nonetheless and despite the deference to regulators, Judiciary´s role in building the telecommunications and broadcasting sector is paramount, because judicial decisions ultimately define it.
Originality/value – Major changes to telecommunications and broadcasting have taken place in Mexico in the last years. Therefore, there has been scarce research and analysis about the new role of regulators, legislators, and judges, in the so called Regulatory State in Mexico. Moreover, the experience of Mexico may be valuable for other scholars which are assessing public policy in their own Latin American countries or in countries with similarities to them.
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Algan, Ece. "Local Broadcasting as Tactical Media." Middle East Journal of Culture and Communication 12, no. 2 (September 13, 2019): 220–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/18739865-01202005.
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Abstract Against the backdrop of struggles that local broadcasters in Turkey who advocate for Kurdish minority rights have endured, I discuss local broadcast journalists’ tactics for creating and maintaining programming that caters to the ongoing Kurdish conflict. Local ethnic broadcasting in Kurdish provinces has long strived to offer an alternative discourse than that of the state propaganda and to mobilize political support within and outside Turkey. In order to illustrate the role of Kurdish activist journalism in political mobilization, I analyze examples of local radio programming from 2010 to 2013, a period during which broadcasters in Kurdish provinces enjoyed relative freedom. I aim to illustrate the instrumentality of activist journalism in an authoritarian regime, and the ways in which local broadcasting is utilized as tactical media by both activist journalists and the community they serve.
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Harmonis, Harmonis, and Amin Shabana. "Risk management of broadcasting media in Indonesia." ProTVF 6, no. 2 (September 29, 2022): 185. http://dx.doi.org/10.24198/ptvf.v6i2.38214.
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Risk management for an institution is a necessity. It is because risk has become an integral part of the institution. For this reason, every institution, whether political, business, or social, must be appropriately managed. In that context, the study aims to find out about the form of risk management carried out by one of the independent state institutions that are trusted to broadcast, namely the Central Indonesian Broadcasting Commission (KPI). The main theories used are Broadcasting and Risk Management. This study uses qualitative methods and is supported by field data through data collection through in-depth interviews and involved observations. The study results show that the Central KPI must manage many risks in managing media broadcasts. Among these risks are unethical advertisements and broadcast protests due to the low socialization of the Broadcasting Code of Conduct and Broadcast Program Standards and complaints from the television reading community. Therefore, the Indonesian Broadcasting Commission seeks to manage this risk through the School of Broadcasting Behavior Guidelines and Broadcast Program Standards (P3SPS) program and research on the quality of broadcast programs. With this program, stakeholders, journalists, and television broadcast media, as well as experts, are involved in schools and research. The socialization results made quality television broadcasts more enthusiastic, and finally, the Indonesian Broadcasting Commission issued the KPI award, which was given to the most ethical broadcasting institution.