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Kobelt, Sally Rebecca. "Children's understanding of state and trait anxiety /." Title page, contents and introduction only, 2001. http://web4.library.adelaide.edu.au/theses/09SS.PS/09ss.psk757.pdf.
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Swain, Austin Bernard Johns. "Competitive state anxiety : towards a clearer understanding." Thesis, Loughborough University, 1992. https://dspace.lboro.ac.uk/2134/10599.
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This thesis attempted to further understanding of various aspects of the competitive state anxiety response. The specific questions that were addressed in the five studies reponed involve investigations into antecedents of competitive anxiety, temporal patterning, additional dimensions to the anxiety response and relationships with performance. Competitive anxiety was assessed in all of the studies by the Competitive State Anxiety Inventory-2 (CSAI-2) which measures cognitive anxiety, somatic anxiety and self-confidence. The first two studies employed a purely quantitative approach whilst the final three studies incorporated both quantitative and qualitative methodologies. The first study investigated situational factors which predict the CSAI-2 components in the specific / population of middle-distance runners. Cognitive anxiety· was predicted by three factors, 'Perceived Readiness', 'Attitude Towards Previous Performance' and 'Position Goal', whilst self-confidence was predicted by 'Perceived Readiness' and 'External Environment'. None of the factors predicted somatic anxiety. These results suggested that cognitive anxiety and self-confidence share some common antecedents but that there are also factors unique to each. The second study examined the temporal patteming of the CSAI-2 components in the period leading up to competition as a function of gender. Gender has previously been shown to mediate patteming of responses so that antecedents were also examined in an attempt to explain such findings. Results showed that males and females reported differential temporal patteming for cognitive anxiety and self-confidence and that different antecedents predicted these variables. Significant predictors of cognitive anxiety and self-confidence were associated with personal goals and standards in females and interpersonal comparison and winning in males. The third and fourth studies investigated the importance of additional dimensions to the competitive state anxiety response in furthering understanding of the construct. These studies examined the frequency and direction dimensions of anxiety and findings suggested that the intensity alone approach currently employed is restrictive and that important information can be gained from considering these other dimensions. The fifth study focused on the dimensions of intensity and direction of anxiety and their specific relationship with sports performance. Findings revealed that a direction dimension was a better predictor of basketball performance than any of the intensity variables, further suggesting that future anxiety research should measure this dimension.
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Mullen, Richard Hugh. "State anxiety, conscious processing and motor performance." Thesis, Bangor University, 2000. https://research.bangor.ac.uk/portal/en/theses/state-anxiety-conscious-processing-and-motor-performance(5822a5eb-fcf4-475a-a233-ac775259b45f).html.
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This thesis examined the conscious processing hypothesis as a potential explanation for the way in which anxiety affects motor performance. The thesis is written as a series of research papers (studies). The five papers are preceded by a general introduction and followed by a general discussion. The first study replicated and extended previous research in the area of conscious processing. Participants acquired the skill of golf putting explicitly and implicitly across 400 trials. During a high anxiety transfer test, the performance of participants who learned explicitly was less robust than that of participants who learned implicitly, supporting the conscious processing hypothesis. Study 2 tested the conscious processing hypothesis using a performance rather than learning paradigm to control for possible desensitisation effects identified as a possible alternative explanation for the results of study 1. Results supported the conscious processing hypothesis, but an alternative attentional explanation was identified. Study 3 examined the conscious processing hypothesis while controlling for both desensitisation and attentional effects. Kinematic measures were also adopted to examine the golf putting task in vivo. Performance results partially supported the conscious processing hypothesis. Study 4 replicated and extended the design adopted in study 3. Study 4 also examined processing efficiency theory as a plausible alternative to the conscious processing hypothesis. Kinematic and cardiovascular measures were incorporated into the design. Performance scores suggested a processing efficiency interpretation. However, conscious processing effects could not be totally discounted. The fifth study examined the suggestion that the use of process goals by skilled but anxious performers might actively encourage lapses into conscious processing. Increases in state anxiety did not produce performance decrements. A lack of training in the use of goals was identified as an explanation for the absence of performance impairment. Implications for future research and applied practice are derived from the five studies.
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韓政龍 and Ching-lung Hon. "Biorhythms, state anxiety and mood states as predictors of racquet games performance." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 2001. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B31257203.
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Hon, Ching-lung. "Biorhythms, state anxiety and mood states as predictors of racquet games performance." Hong Kong : University of Hong Kong, 2001. http://sunzi.lib.hku.hk:8888/cgi-bin/hkuto%5Ftoc%5Fpdf?B23425416.
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El-Hag, Nagat F. "Attentional bias in anxiety : the role of state anxiety, gender, and coping style /." The Ohio State University, 2000. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1488199501404579.
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Potter, Clare Louise. "Analysis of multidimensional state anxiety in horse trials." Thesis, Liverpool John Moores University, 1996. http://researchonline.ljmu.ac.uk/5569/.
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The analysis of competitive state anxiety and its effect on sports performance has been undertaken by many researchers (Karteroliotis & Gill, 1987; Martens, Vealey, Burton, 1990; Jones, Swain & Hardy, 1993). This thesis focused on multidimensional competitive state anxiety and performance within the context of British Horse Society (BHS) one day horse trials. Initially, subjects (n=105) completed the Riders' Perceptions Questionnaire which was devised by the author to assess the nature of the interaction between the rider and horse during performance from the rider's perspective. Initial support for the rider and horse interaction was obtained and it was suggested that the rider's perceptions of the horse's performance must be taken into account when examining the anxiety experienced by the rider. Analysis of anxiety incorporated the Competitive State Anxiety Inventory - 2 (CSAT-2; Martens et al., 1990). Relationships between multidimensional anxiety, skill level, actual performance and perceived success were assessed. The results supported the view of multidimensional anxiety with psychological, physiological and behavioural components that change differently throughout the competition (Karteroliotis & Gill, 1987; Jones & Cale, 1989; Martens et al., 1990). Skill level was found to affect the level of anxiety experienced. Novice riders exhibited higher levels of cognitive and somatic anxiety and lower levels of self-confidence than Intermediate or Advanced riders. The effect of skill level in subsequent studies was similar in trend but the results were not significant. Within group variability was high, thus future assessment should assess anxiety levels utilising a more sensitive measure of skill level. Advanced riders were also found to perceive cognitive and somatic anxiety and self-confidence as more facilitative to performance than Intermediate or Novice riders. The assessment of the direction dimension of anxiety was particularly useful for the development of stress management programmes (Maynard, Hemmings & Warwick- Evans, 1995) and hence for the three collective case studies incorporated in the final stage of this thesis. The results provided evidence to support the current multidimensional anxiety theory within the sport of horse trials. Antecedents and causal attributions related to anxiety were measured. Perceived readiness, self-confidence and personal control were key factors affecting the performance and combating the negative effects of anxiety. Perceived readiness predicted performance. Further analysis of antecedents more specific to horse trials may help identify predictors of CSAI-2 components. Perceived success was associated with increases in self-confidence and was a significant predictor of performance in the next phase of the horse trial. Future research is encouraged into anxiety between phases of a competition to assess the effect of perceived success on future anxiety levels and performance more thoroughly. The final aim in this thesis was to assess the effectiveness of stress management intervention programmes via three collective case studies. The application of a stress management intervention programme (SMIP) was undertaken for each case study. Case study one is reported in detail whereas case studies two and three are summarised. Inter-case study comparisons were undertaken to assess the effectiveness of the SMIP. The SMIP's were effective in developing the rider's awareness of their psychological state, increasing self-confidence and enabling riders to employ coping skills successfully during a performance. Performance improvements occurred for each subject which also corresponded with an increased level of perceived success for each subject. The three collective case studies provided initial support for the usage of SMIP's for horse trials riders and hence supported the final aim in this thesis. The research has identified competitive state anxiety within horse trials in accordance with other sports (Martens et al., 1990). It is anticipated that the information will be used to aid riding instructors understand and predict the detrimental effects of anxiety for riders. The successful usage of SMIP techniques will provide valuable assistance for riders, coaches and BHS horse trials team selectors wishing to use stress management techniques for horse trials competition.
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Whiteley, Grace. "How Trait and State Anxiety Influence Athletic Performance." Wittenberg University Honors Theses / OhioLINK, 2013. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=wuhonors1399285181.
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Lewis, Denegri Francisco. "State-effects as state power: Expectation, anxiety and fear in the Inambari valley." Pontificia Universidad Católica del Perú, 2012. http://repositorio.pucp.edu.pe/index/handle/123456789/80007.
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En esta etnografía se examina la (re)producción del poder del Estado peruano en el tejido de la vida cotidiana en la cuenca media del Inambari, Puno. Propongo que el enfoque en los llamados «efectos del Estado», tanto reales como imaginarios, permite localizar e identificar el poder del Estado peruano en este contexto. Por otro lado, se exploran los efectos sociales de la convergencia de dos proyectos de infraestructura que son a su vez producto de la integración del Perú en la economía global neoliberal, y planteo que dicha convergencia genera un entorno social plagado de expectativas, ansiedad, optimismo y miedoThis ethnography examines the (re)production of the Peruvian state’s power in the fabric of the everyday in the Inambari valley, located in Puno. I argue that focusing on both real and imaginary ‘State-effects’ provides us with a way of tracing the Peruvian state’s power in this context. Further, I examine the social effects of the convergence of two infrastructural projects, both geared towards global, neo-liberal integration, arguing that this convergence led to the creation of a social milieu fraught with feelings of expectation, anxiety, optimism and fear.
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Lewis-Holmes, Brenda. "Reducing Public Speaking Anxiety For Community College Students: The Effects of A Combination Anxiety Reduction Technique on Trait and State Anxiety." Diss., Virginia Tech, 1997. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/30620.
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The effectiveness of a treatment for communication apprehension (CA) was examined in this study. Trait and state anxiety were examined by using community college students enrolled in four sections of a required basic speech communication course. The sample size consisted of 81 students, ranging in ages 17-82. Each student was asked to complete a trait anxiety measure (Personal Report of Communication Apprehension-24) during the second class meeting (pre-test) and again on the last day of class (post-test). For the state anxiety measure, students were asked to complete the Speaker Anxiety (SA) Scale immediately after delivering an informative speech at the end of the semester. Two classes served as the treatment group, receiving a 15-minute combination anxiety reduction technique and two classes served as the control group, receiving no treatment.
A significant interaction was found in physiological activation, an important direct manifestation of state anxiety commonly experienced as irregular heart beat, dry mouth, sweaty palms, and feelings of exhaustion. The findings showed that the students in the control group who spoke in the second week had higher anxieties than did the other students.
A dividend of this investigation was the result that supported frequent anecdotal reports from past speech students; namely, that at the conclusion of the basic speech course, students in this study reported a reduction in trait anxiety. Of the other comparisons made, race and maternal encouragement were shown as major influences for the trait of communication apprehension.
Future research should use larger samples of community college students and focus on state anxiety with trait anxiety as a monitor for stability. Treatments might also be expanded to weekly sessions during a major portion of one semester.Ph. D.
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Lundqvist, Carolina. "Competing Under Pressure : State Anxiety, Sports Performance and Assessment." Doctoral thesis, Stockholm : Department of Psychology, Stockholm University, 2006. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:su:diva-984.
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Mueller, Carla L. "The effect of preoperative holding areas on state anxiety." Virtual Press, 1986. http://liblink.bsu.edu/uhtbin/catkey/459905.
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The problem addressed in this study was whether Preoperative Holding Areas minimized the preoperative anxiety of patients having a cholecystectomy. The study used a pre-experimental, descriptive design to determine the level of anxiety reported.The sample was a convenience sample consisting of forty preoperative, adult patients having a cholecystectomy. Twenty of the patients went to a Preoperative Holding Area for sedation and preparation, and twenty remained in their rooms. The instruments utilized were the A-State and A-Trait forms of Spielberger's State-Trait Anxiety Inventory.The hypothesis was accepted at the .05 level of significance. It was noted that the patients remaining on the floor had higher levels of Trait Anxiety.Ball State UniversityMuncie, IN 47306
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BASTOS, ANA CAROLINA MONNERAT FIORAVANTI. "PSYCHOMETRIC PROPRIETIES OF THE STATE-TRAIT ANXIETY INVENTORY (STAI)." PONTIFÍCIA UNIVERSIDADE CATÓLICA DO RIO DE JANEIRO, 2006. http://www.maxwell.vrac.puc-rio.br/Busca_etds.php?strSecao=resultado&nrSeq=9650@1.
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PONTIFÍCIA UNIVERSIDADE CATÓLICA DO RIO DE JANEIROCOORDENAÇÃO DE APERFEIÇOAMENTO DO PESSOAL DE ENSINO SUPERIOR
O Inventário de Ansiedade Traço-Estado (IDATE) apresenta duas escalas cujo propósito é o de quantificar a ansiedade enquanto estado (IDATE-E) e a ansiedade enquanto traço (IDATE-T). O estado de ansiedade consiste numa condição cognitivoafetiva transitória enquanto que o traço de ansiedade representa uma característica mais estável da personalidade. Vários estudos indicam que estrutura latente da escala IDATET apresenta dois fatores. Diferentes interpretações destes dois fatores têm sido levantadas. Uma delas aponta para um fator composto por itens com conteúdo semântico que expressam a presença de ansiedade, tensão ou preocupação enquanto que o outro fator parece estar relacionado com itens cujo conteúdo semântico expressa a ausência de ansiedade, tais como tranqüilidade, estabilidade e satisfação. Entretanto, outros estudos sugerem que um destes fatores estaria mais diretamente relacionado à depressão. Frente a esta discussão, o propósito do presente estudo foi o de reavaliar a estrutura fatorial desta escala a partir de três amostras brasileiras com características distintas: a) estudantes de duas Universidades da cidade do Rio de Janeiro; b) estudantes do último ano do ensino médio da cidade de Brasília; c) militares em processo de avaliação. Os resultados indicaram a existência de estruturas fatoriais distintas do IDATE-T em função da amostra estudada. Amostras formadas por universitários e alunos do ensino médio apresentaram uma estrutura fatorial favorável à interpretação de um componente de ansiedade e outro de depressão. Por outro lado, a amostra formada por militares em processo de avaliação favoreceu uma interpretação mais especifica dos IDATE-T, onde os dois fatores parecem estar associados à presença ou à ausência de ansiedade. Aspectos teóricos relacionados com a capacidade que instrumentos têm em distinguir constructos relacionados com ansiedade e depressão são discutidos.
The State - Trait Anxiety Inventory (STAI) is composed of two scales which intend to measures state (STAI-S) and trait (STAI-T) anxiety components. State anxiety refers to a transitory emotional state characterized by subjective feelings of tension that may vary in intensity over time whereas trait anxiety represents a relatively stable disposition to respond to stress with anxiety and a tendency to perceive a wider range of situations as threatening. Several studies indicate that STAI-T latent structure presents two factors. Different interpretations have been raised to explain the nature of these factors. One of them proposed that that one factor is composed by items which express the presence of anxiety, such as tension and worry whereas the other factor seems to be related with items which express the absence of anxiety, such as rest, stability and satisfaction. However, other studies pointed out that one of these factors might be related to humor, more specifically depression. Therefore, the present study further investigates the factor structure of the STAI-T in three different Brazilian samples with distinct characteristics: a) students from two different Universities from Rio de Janeiro; b) high school students from Brasilia and c) marine subjects during a military draft. Results indicated that STAI-T factor structure depended on the sample investigated. University and high school students presented a factorial structure convergent with the anxiety and depression interpretation. On the other hand, the military sample presented a factorial structure based on the anxiety present anxiety absence interpretation. Theoretical aspects related to the ability of instruments to discriminate anxiety and depression are discussed.
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Elliott, Dave. "Relaxing music for anxiety control : can appropriately selected music be used to control competitive state anxiety?" Thesis, Lancaster University, 2012. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.658222.
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This thesis set out to determine the characteristics of relaxing music for anxiety control. Instructed to imagine themselves in an anxiety-producing situation, eighty-four undergraduate sport students were asked to (1) rate thirty music compositions for levels of relaxation; (2) identify factors that either enhanced or detracted from relaxation; (3) state the emotions induced by each composition and (4) provide an importance rating for thirteen music components. Additional information was obtained using a focus group of music. experts. It was found that particular music characteristics were conducive to relaxation (e.g. slow tempo, secure melody). The most frequent emotional labels ascribed to relaxing music for anxiety control were 'peaceful', 'serenity' and 'sadness' . Tempo, melody, beat and harmony were the components considered to be most conducive to relaxation. Gender and level of music knowledge had minimal impact upon the outcomes. The effects of relaxing music for anxiety control on competitive state anxiety were also examined. Seventy-two undergraduate sport students were required to compete in a sports competition. Participants were assigned to one of three conditions (relaxing music for anxiety control, non-relaxing music and no-music). During a precompetition intervention period, anxiety measures (CSAI-2R, subjective relaxation and HR) were taken (baseline, pre-intervention, post-intervention). All three interventions led to significant reductions in somatic anxiety, cognitive anxiety and HR. Both music conditions provoked significant increases in subjective relaxation. ES, mean-difference and 90% data did offer some support for relaxing music for the applications of anxiety control. This thesis also examined some of the mechanisms responsible for music's anxiety reducing effects.
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Fagerström, Malin. "Autonomous Sensory Meridian Response and State-Trait Anxiety in Adults." Thesis, Umeå universitet, Institutionen för psykologi, 2021. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:umu:diva-184030.
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Autonomous Sensory Meridian Response (ASMR) is a rapidly emerging but understudied sensory concept which according to earlier studies can help relieve symptoms of for exampledepression, anxiety, pain and stress while creating feelings of relaxation. The experience begins with a triggering audio or audio-visual stimulus which causes a physical reaction described as a tingling sensation beginning at the back of the head and further towards the periphery of the body. A previous study suggested that ASMR and neuroticism are related. Anxiety is a subfacet of neuroticism, which is why this study explored the relationship between State- and Trait-anxiety (S- and T-Anxiety) and ASMR to investigate if and in what way they are related. The research questions were “Is the level of State and Trait Anxiety associated with the level of ASMR experience?” and “Are there certain ASMR stimuli that are stronger related to State and Trait Anxiety than other ASMR stimuli?”. A total of 35 participants completed the questionnaires, of which the majority were between the ages 25-34, female, employed, coliving and answered that their highest level of education were studies at college/university. The results from the current self-report correlational study showed that ASMR and T-Anxiety are significantly negatively correlated, however, it failed to show any significant correlation between S-Anxiety and ASMR. Results also showed that one ASMR stimulus, finger flutters, significantly correlated negatively with T-Anxiety. The rest of the individual stimuli failed to show significant correlations with either S- or T-Anxiety. This suggests that anxiety may not be the driving sub-facet when searching for explanations for what makes ASMR and neuroticism associated. It also raises the question whether or not ASMR could be suitable as a therapeutic method for managing high T-Anxiety. Finally, it seems that individual ASMRstimulus vary in their connection to anxiety. However, it is only possible to draw conclusions on this sample, not the population, due to the small sample size. Further studies are needed to at least verify these results.Autonomous Sensory Meridian Response (ASMR) är ett snabbt växande men understuderatsensoriskt koncept som enligt tidigare studier kan underlätta symptom av exempelvis depression, ångest, smärta och stress samtidigt som det skapar en avslappnande känsla. Upplevelsen börjar med ett triggande audio eller audiovisuellt stimuli som orsakar en fysisk reaktion beskrivet som en pirrig känsla med början vid bakhuvudet och vidare mot kroppens periferi. En studie om ämnet föreslog att ASMR och neuroticism är relaterade. Ångest är en del av neuroticism, varför den här studien undersöker relationen mellan ASMR och State- och Trait-Anxiety (S- och T-Anxiety) för att undersöka hur och på vilket sätt de är relaterade. Forskningsfrågorna var ”Är nivån av State och Trait Anxiety associerad med nivån av ASMRupplevelse?” och ”Finns det specifika ASMR stimuli som är starkare relaterade till State och Trait Anxiety än andra ASMR stimuli?”. Totalt slutförde 35 deltagare enkäterna, av vilka majoriteten var mellan åldrarna 25–34, kvinnor, anställda, sammanlevande och rapporterade att studier på universitet/högskola var deras högsta nivå av utbildning. Resultaten från den här självrapporterings-korrelationsstudien visade att ASMR och T-Anxiety är signifikant negativt korrelerade, men det kunde inte visas att S-Anxiety och ASMR är signifikant korrelerade. De visade också att ett ASMR stimuli, finger flutters, är signifikant negativt korrelerad med TAnxiety. Resterande individuella ASMR stimuli hade ingen signifikant korrelation med vare sig S- eller T-Anxiety. Det här tyder på att ångest kanske inte är den drivande underkategorin i jakt på förklaring till vad som gör ASMR och neuroticism associerade. Det väcker också frågan om ASMR verkligen hade varit en lämplig terapeutisk metod för hantering av hög T-Anxiety. Till sist verkar det som att individuella ASMR stimuli varierar i sin relation till ångest. Viktigt att tillägga är dock att det bara är möjligt att dra slutsatser om urvalet, inte populationen, på grund av storleken på urvalet. Ytterligare studier behövs för att åtminstone verifiera dessa resultat.
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Page, Stephen J. "Effects of an imagery program on female college swimmers' perceptions of anxiety and precompetitive state anxiety levels." Virtual Press, 1995. http://liblink.bsu.edu/uhtbin/catkey/935933.
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The purpose of this study was to measure the effects of an imagery session on intercollegiate female swimmers' precompetitive state anxiety levels and on perceptions of anxiety. A switched replication design was utilized in which twenty-two female intercollegiate swimmers were administered the the Competitive State Anxiety Inventory2, CSAI-2 (Martens, Burton, Vealey, Bump, & Smith, 1990) and the Competitive Anxiety Perception Scale, CAPS, (Murray, 1989) weekly over the course of five weeks. Subjects were then randomly exposed to an imagery session during this period. Although descriptive data showed decreases in subjects' levels of A-state, a 2x2 ANOVA revealed no significant differences between subjects' PRE and POST scores. The observed decreases in A-state, although nonsignificant at the .05 level, warrants future research with a larger sample size. Additionally, the nonsignificant change in CAPS suggested that one's perceptions of anxiety may be learned at an early age and, therefore, not easily modified. It is suggested that future researchers attempt to identify those factors which mediate perceptions of anxiety.School of Physical Education
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Stefanovitch, I. "Degree and accuracy of self-focused attention to body state and mind-state information in anxiety." Thesis, University College London (University of London), 2006. http://discovery.ucl.ac.uk/1445111/.
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Heightened self-focused attention (SFA), a tendency to direct awareness to internal, self-referent information, has been implicated in a number of psychological disorders. This review concentrates on the theoretical and empirical validity of attempts to extend normative models of SFA (e.g. Duval & Wicklund, 1972 Carver & Scheier, 1978) to account for anxious states and anxiety disorders. It will be argued that existing models are too non-specific, with similar accounts having been put forward across different disorders, reducing the explanatory power of the framework. Therefore two novel distinctions will be put forward to attempt to meaningfully fractionate SFA. First, self-awareness may be directed to different parts of internal experience, in particular to body-state information or mental-state information, and therefore potentially maintain psychopathology in different ways. Second, a distinction can be made between the habitual tendency to engage SFA (or degree) and the precision with which this mechanism operates (or accuracy). Ways to validate these distinctions will be proposed and how such a model could potentially differentiate anxiety disorders from other forms of psychopathology considered.
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Vavrik, John. "State anxiety responses as a function of specific computer interaction events." Thesis, University of British Columbia, 1987. http://hdl.handle.net/2429/26935.
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The purpose of this study was to develop a model of investigating anxiety in human-computer interactions. The model was constructed from three components. Firstly, precursor conditions of anxiety were identified by assimilating several of the accepted theoretical viewpoints of the anxiety concept. Secondly, the computer-human interaction process was examined and typical events in this process were identified. Finally, a connection between the computer-human interaction process and anxiety was proposed by identifying a subset of specific interaction events that were representative of the anxiety inducing conditions. These were termed Computer-Interaction Anxiety (CIA) events. To test the validity of the model an experiment was carried out in which state anxiety data was collected while 31 subjects were engaged in an interactive computer programming session. There was a significant increase in the subjects' state-anxiety level immediately after experiencing typical CIA events.Education, Faculty of
Curriculum and Pedagogy (EDCP), Department of
Graduate
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Niño, de Guzmán Isabel, Arturo Calderón, Marisa Escalante, Tula Lira, Roxana Morote, and Santolaria María Lourdes Ruda. "Personality, state-trait anxiety and admission to university in preuniversity students." Pontificia Universidad Católica del Perú, 2013. http://repositorio.pucp.edu.pe/index/handle/123456789/100180.
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This correlational study identifies personality dimensions, type of anxiety and sociodemographic characteristics of students from a preuniversity center. 1t was conducted with 318 participants of both sexes (43.8% female and 56.2% male) whose ages range from 15 to 19 years old. They were assessed with the following instruments: Costa and McCrae's Persona1ity lnventory NEO PI-R (1992), Spielberger's State-Trait Anxiety lnventory (STAI, 1975) and tutors' reports. Results confirm the presence of a basic factor structure of five dimensions: Likewise, they also reveal significant correlations among Intellectual Quotient (IQ). personality characteristics related to Conscientiousness factor and admission to university. Self-discipline stands out among the facets that correlate with admission. Finally, results are discussed.Estudio correlacional que identifica las dimensiones de personalidad, el tipo de ansiedad y las características sociodemográficas de alumnos de un centro preuniversitario. Se trabajó con 318 participantes de ambos sexos (43.8% mujeres y 56.2% hombres), que entre 16 y 19 años. Se los evaluó con los siguientes instrumentos: (a) NEO PI-R de Costa y McCrae (1992), (b) Inventario de Ansiedad Estado-Rasgo de Spielberger (IDARE, 1975) y (c) reporte de los tutores. Los resultados confirman la presencia de una estructura factorial básica de cinco dimensiones. Asimismo, revelan correlaciones significativas entre el C.I., características de personalidad asociadas al factor conciencia e ingreso a la universidad. Entre las facetas que correlacionan con el ingreso destaca la autodisciplina. Finalmente, se discuten los resultados.
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Schultz, Heather Rae. "The Effects of Mindful Coloring on State Mindfulness, Anxiety, and Stress." University of Toledo / OhioLINK, 2017. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=toledo1504005638593573.
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Hunter, David. "Examining the relationship between guilt and religiosity| Does state anxiety contribute?" Thesis, Southern Illinois University at Edwardsville, 2014. http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=1551154.
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Previous research has looked at religiosity and attempted to better understand it's relationship with mental well being. Research on the relationship between anxiety, religiosity and guilt has produced widely differing results. The present study explored the possibility of an interaction between state anxiety and type of religiosity on guilt feelings. Three-hundred-eight participants were measured for state anxiety, type of religiosity (intrinsic or extrinsic) and guilt level. Results initially did not indicate significant interaction; however a large number of participants were noted to be atheist and agnostic. When the 170 participant religious sample was isolated from the non religious participants, a significant interaction was found between state anxiety and intrinsic religiosity on guilt. Explanations for this are discussed, looking at the possible effect that a large number of atheists and agnostics had on the primary sample, as well as discussing ideas for future research.
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Hilgeford, Rachel Anne 1962. "State vs. trait anxiety in sexually abused women: An exploratory study." Thesis, The University of Arizona, 1992. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/291431.
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Childhood sexual abuse in adult women has many adulthood clinical manifestations, with one of them being anxiety. Adult women with histories of sexual abuse (n = 18) were compared to adult women without histories of sexual abuse (n = 19). The Spielberger State-Trait Anxiety Inventory, the Anxious Self-Statements Questionnaire, and a sexual abuse questionnaire were used to obtain information about the past abuse and present anxious symptomology. Women with histories of sexual abuse had higher levels of state and trait anxiety, and had a higher incidence of anxious thoughts. Most women found the sexual abuse to be "very traumatic" at the time it was happening, and for some, the traumatic impact of the abuse had decreased over time. There did appear to be a relationship between the perpetrator, length of abuse, and severity of the abuse, although there were not enough women to calculate these differences.
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Milan, Maritza J. 1958. "The Effect of Trait Anxiety, Self-Esteem, and Autogenic Training on Measures of Electromyography, Skin Temperature, and State Anxiety." Thesis, University of North Texas, 1992. https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc278987/.
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Twelve trait anxious male, federal prisoners with high self-esteem and twelve trait anxious male, federal prisoners with low self-esteem participated in the study. Subjects were selected from among those volunteering to participate and who met the scoring criteria on the IPAT Anxiety Scale Questionnaire and on the Self-Esteem Scale from the Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory II. Each volunteer participated in one session of approximately 50 minutes in length. Each subject was asked to respond to a medical/psychological interview, after which he was asked to listen to and follow a series of instructions (autogenic training). Throughout the session electromyographic and skin temperature measurements were taken from each subject's dominant forearm and non-dominant middle finger, respectively. At the end of the session each volunteer was asked to complete the STAI-State Scale. The purpose of the study was to evaluate the role of self-esteem as a moderator of trait anxiety. In addition, the study was designed to assess the effectiveness of autogenic training with this population. Results indicate no significant difference between high and low self-esteem subjects on measurements of electromyography/ F (1, 22) = .63, p > .05 or peripheral skin temperature F (1, 22) = .20 p > .05. However, a significant difference was found between high and low self-esteem subjects on the STAI-State Scale, F (22) = 4.45 p < .05. High self-esteem subjects obtained significantly lower raw scores than low self-esteem subjects on the state anxiety measurement. A significant difference was also found for the block of trial factor (baseline/relaxation periods) for the electromyography F (6, 132) = 3.43, p < .01, and peripheral skin temperature F (6, 132) = 6.32, p < .001 measurements. Results present partial support for the role of self-esteem as a moderating variable in trait anxious subjects. Self-esteem is conceptualized as a form of self-efficacy.
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Howell, Ashley N. "Effects of Social Context on State Anxiety, Submissive Behavior, and Perceived Social Task Performance in Females with Social Anxiety." Ohio University / OhioLINK, 2013. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ohiou1365441706.
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Kim, Jae Duk. "Stress and anxiety among Korean international students at Liberty University analyzed with the State-Trait Anxiety Inventory (Form Y)." Lynchburg, Va. : Liberty University, 2009. http://digitalcommons.liberty.edu.
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Ramella-DeLuca, Nikki Marie. "Investigating Life Stress Competitive Trait Anxiety and Competitive State Anxiety with Athletic Injury Occurrence in NCAA Division I Athletes." [Johnson City, Tenn. : East Tennessee State University], 2003. https://dc.etsu.edu/etd/846.
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Thesis (M.A.)--East Tennessee State University, 2003.Title from electronic submission form. ETSU ETD database URN: etd-1111103-101928. Includes bibliographical references. Also available via Internet at the UMI web site.
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Jameson, Kathryn G. "A Brief DBT Treatment for Test Anxiety." Xavier University / OhioLINK, 2015. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=xavier1415364872.
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Greher, Michael R. "The Effects of Assessment Context on State Anxiety and a Neuropsychological Model of Attention." Thesis, University of North Texas, 2003. https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc4326/.
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This study investigated the effects of assessment context on state anxiety and attention according to the Mirsky (1996) model of attention. Context varied in the physical testing environment, demeanor of the assessor, and explanation of the purpose of testing. A relaxed condition (RC) and structured medical condition (SMC) distinction was made prior to data collection and the two contexts were designed to reflect contrasting practices of neuropsychologists. Elements of attention evaluated included Encoding (Digit Span), Focusing/Executing (Visual Search and Attention Test), Shifting (Wisconsin Card Sorting Test: Computerized Version 2), Sustaining, and Stabilizing (Continuous Performance Test-Identical Pairs). Eighty healthy adult females participated in the study. The findings suggest that the SMC caused higher levels of anxiety and lower valence than the RC, which in turn caused poorer sustained attention and superior shifting attention for this condition. Such interpretations are consistent with several theories on the effects of anxiety on attention. It should be noted, however, that differences observed in attention were limited to select measures. Factor analysis also indicates that the encode, shift, and sustain elements of attention were largely consistent with the factor solution proposed by Mirsky, while findings on the focus/execute and stabilize elements bring into question the construct validity of these aspects of the model. Findings from the study are considered relevant to those interested in attention theory and particularly researchers and clinicians involved in the administration of neuropsychological testing.
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Dezfulian, Taryn M. "Determinants and behavioral correlates of state-level anxiety in clinical couple interactions." College Park, Md. : University of Maryland, 2005. http://hdl.handle.net/1903/2999.
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Thesis (M.S.) -- University of Maryland, College Park, 2005.Thesis research directed by: Dept. of Family Studies. Title from t.p. of PDF. Includes bibliographical references. Published by UMI Dissertation Services, Ann Arbor, Mich. Also available in paper.
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Edwards, Mark S. "Mediating influence of state anxiety and trait anxiety on selective attention for masked and unmasked verbal and pictorial threat material /." [St. Lucia, Qld.], 2004. http://www.library.uq.edu.au/pdfserve.php?image=thesisabs/absthe18062.pdf.
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Reser, Kristen M. "Perfectionism and anxiety: Is there a difference between high-ability students and their peers?" University of Dayton / OhioLINK, 2016. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=dayton1478089251574031.
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Zakrzewski, Katherine. "The Phenomenological Experience of Competitive State Anxiety for Female Beach Volleyball Players at the 2012 Olympics." Thesis, Université d'Ottawa / University of Ottawa, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/10393/32295.
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Anxiety is one of the most studied research topics in sport psychology literature (Guillen & Sanchez, 2009); however, even though the Olympics are considered to be one of the most pressure-filled sporting events (Birrer, Wetzel, Schmidt, & Morgan, 2012), to date there has been no research aimed specifically at investigating Olympic athletes’ competitive state anxiety and its impact on subsequent performance. Furthermore, according to Nesti (2011), in order to support athletes in dealing with their experience of anxiety, researchers must turn towards the phenomenological, real-lived experience of the athlete to uncover what might best support positive anxiety management and interpretation in competition. The purpose of this study, therefore, was to respond to the gap in Olympic athlete anxiety research by examining the phenomenological experience of competitive state anxiety for female beach volleyball players at the 2012 London Olympics. Six in-depth, phenomenological interviews were conducted with these Olympic female beach volleyball players. Results indicated that, while all athletes in this study experienced anxiety at the 2012 Olympics, it was not the reduced intensity of anxiety that positively impacted their performance but rather the athletes’ ability to recognize, manage, and positively interpret their anxiety. In addition, it was shown that self-confidence further buffered the potentially negative impacts of anxiety. It is recommended that future research focus on extending phenomenological anxiety research to other sports and genders, and to specifically examine the impact of trait anxiety, team dynamics, and the experience of flow on athletes’ anxiety interpretation.
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Penney, Erika. "The impact of perceived standards on state anxiety, appraisal processes, and negative pre- and post-event rumination in Social Anxiety Disorder." Thesis, The University of Sydney, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/2123/11523.
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Social Anxiety Disorder (SAD) is a psychological disorder characterised by an excessive and persistent fear of social or performance situations. Cognitive models of SAD have emphasised the importance of negative pre- and post-event rumination as a maintaining factor of SAD, however, little is understood about these cognitively important processes, and there is limited research in the area of pre-event rumination. The aims of this thesis were to critically evaluate the current empirical and theoretical literature regarding the process of negative rumination in SAD and then empirically investigate likely cognitive predictors of negative rumination. This thesis consists of two studies: a systematic review study and an empirical research study. The first study systematically evaluated existing research, which investigated cognitive predictors of rumination in SAD. Three of the 27 included studies investigated pre-event rumination, and results indicated that performance self-appraisal and fear of negative evaluation were the most commonly studied predictors of negative rumination. The second study aimed to address limitations in the current literature and examine several key hypotheses posited by the cognitive models of SAD. This study experimentally manipulated social standards in order to examine the impact of high and low perceived social standards on affective and cognitive processes in SAD, and to determine if the predictors of pre-event rumination would mirror those of post-event rumination. The sample consisted of 91 participants, including 46 participants with SAD and 45 non-anxious control participants. Whilst performance appraisal, threat appraisal, and state anxiety were found to predict pre-event rumination, threat appraisal was the only significant predictor of rumination after the social event. Our data is consistent with cognitive models and the interpretation that perceived inability to meet social and performance standards exerts maximum influence prior to and during an event and thereafter participants with SAD assume they have fallen short of the required standard and instead focus on the social threat of that perceived failure. This study lends support to contemporary theoretical models and extends the current knowledge of cognitive processes within SAD, which has important clinical implications. A comprehensive discussion of the results of the empirical study in relation to the cognitive models of SAD is included, and avenues for future research are discussed.
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Kruger, Pieter. "Psychological skills, state anxiety and coping of South African rugby players : a cognitive perspective / Pieter Kruger." Thesis, North-West University, 2005. http://hdl.handle.net/10394/947.
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Objectives: The main objective of the research in this thesis was to investigate the
psychological skills, state anxiety and coping of senior rugby players in South Africa.
Methodology: The first manuscript (Chapter 2) was a literature review that investigated
whether the coping model suggested by Moos and Shaefer (1993) could be applied to
investigate the interaction between various psychological factors involved in the coping
process, within a sports context. The model was evaluated by examining the relevant
factors, including the environmental system, personal factors, life crises and transitions,
cognitive appraisals and coping responses, as well as the general health and well-being of
individuals.
The manuscripts presented in Chapters 3, 4 and 5 made use of a cross-sectional design to
assess the constructs central to the stated aims of the study. The participants in this
research project were from the following teams during the 2003 and 2004 seasons: South
African Super 12 teams (Stormers, Bulls, Cats and Sharks); South African provincial
teams (Free State Cheetahs, Gauteng Lions, North-West Leopards and the Falcons);
South African club rugby teams (North-West University 1st team, Tswane University of
Technology 1st team, Kimberley Combined Forces and the Leopards amateur club team).
The players were psychometrically evaluated in the week leading up to an important
game (usually 2-3 days before the game). The number of players included in this study
was 139 Super 12 rugby players, 106 provincial rugby players and 95 club rugby players,
resulting in a cumulative total of 340 senior rugby players. The Athletic Coping Skills
Inventory-28 (ACSI-28) was used to evaluate the players' psychological skills
(manuscripts 2, 3 and 4). The Competitive State Anxiety Inventory-2 (CSAI-2) was used
to ascertain the state anxiety of the rugby players (manuscript 3) and a biographical
questionnaire (compiled by the researcher) was used to gather demographical and
biographical information of the players (manuscript 4).
Results and conclusions of the individual manuscripts:
- Manuscript 1 concluded that there were substantial literature findings that supported and
explained the influence of the different psychological factors that form part of the Moos
and Shaefer (1993) coping model regarding the coping abilities of athletes. It appeared that
this model could potentially be applied in a sports context to clarify the factors influencing
the coping process of athletes.
- The results in manuscript 2 reported significant differences between the psychological
skills of the Super 12 and club rugby players on four of the seven ACSI-28 subscales. No
differences, however, could be found between Super 12 and provincial rugby players.
The research further concluded that no statistically or practically significant differences
in psychological skills could be found between forwards and backline rugby players or
between the different positional groupings (props, hookers, locks, loose forwards, inside
backs and outside backs) in senior South African rugby.
- Manuscript 3 concluded that senior South African rugby players with high levels of
psychological skills experienced lower levels of state anxiety, and that they interpreted
the state anxiety that they experienced as more facilitative to their performance. This
might suggest that rugby players with high levels of psychological skills could generally
cope better with the challenges of competitive rugby. Rugby players with high levels of
psychological skills also experienced higher levels of self-confidence and interpreted
their self-confidence as more facilitative to performance.
- The results in manuscript 4 suggested that certain prior experiences and a number of
sports-specific perceptions could have an influence on the psychological skills of rugby
players. However, the only biographical variable that appeared to be a common
denominator between the high psychological skills groups on all three levels of rugby
were the players' perceptions regarding their own abilities to do optimal psychological
preparation before a game. The research could not indicate the direction of the interaction
between prior experience, cognitive perceptions and psychological skills, but
acknowledged the strong association between these factors and the levels of
psychological skills of South African senior rugby players.Thesis (Ph.D. (Psychology))--North-West University, Potchefstroom Campus, 2006.
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Kais, Kristjan. "Precompetitive state anxiety, self-confidence and athletic performance in volleyball and basketball players /." Online version, 2005. http://dspace.utlib.ee/dspace/bitstream/10062/670/5/kais.pdf.
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Radford, Kari A. "Exploration of the quality of three measures for assessing state anxiety in hospitalized cardiac patients /." View online ; access limited to URI, 2009. http://0-digitalcommons.uri.edu.helin.uri.edu/dissertations/AAI3380535.
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Ozturk, Gokhan. "Foreign Language Speaking Anxiety And Learner Motivation: A Case Study At A Turkish State University." Master's thesis, METU, 2012. http://etd.lib.metu.edu.tr/upload/12613989/index.pdf.
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This study aimed to identify the relationship between foreign language speaking anxiety and foreign language learning motivation. In addition to this, the motivational level of learners, the effect of gender on this motivational level and the relationship between motivational orientations were examined. Besides, the level of foreign language speaking anxiety that the students experience, the effect of gender on this anxiety and the relationship between foreign language speaking anxiety and students&rsquomotivational level were also investigated. Finally, foreign language speaking anxiety was studied in detail via face to face interviews. Participants of the study included 383 pre-intermediate students at Afyon Kocatepe University English preparatory program. The data were collected via two questionnaires administered to these participants and 19 participants were interviewed to get in-depth data on speaking anxiety. The quantitative data were analyzed through descriptive and inferential statistics. The content analysis was used to analyze the qualitative data. The results of the quantitative data revealed that students had a moderate level of foreign language learning motivation, female students were more motivated than males and motivational orientations were positively correlated on a moderate level. It was also found that students at AKU experienced a low level of foreign language speaking anxiety and female students got more anxious than males while speaking English in classroom atmosphere. Besides, foreign language speaking anxiety and foreign language learning motivation were found to be negatively correlated on a moderate level. Quantitative data of the study demonstrated that foreign language speaking anxiety is a separate phenomenon with its own sources, aspects, variables and effects on learners.
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Light, Matthew. "Arousal imagery effects on competitive state anxiety and performance of the soccer penalty kick." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 2000. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk1/tape3/PQDD_0020/MQ54513.pdf.
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Ko, Yili 1963. "The relationship of age, gender, education, state trait anxiety, and stress among NICU parents." Thesis, The University of Arizona, 1992. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/558190.
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Finn, Amber N. "Widening the lens: An interdisciplinary approach to examining the effect of exposure therapy on public speaking state anxiety." Thesis, University of North Texas, 2007. https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc3975/.
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This study used an interdisciplinary approach to examine an intervention for reducing public speaking state anxiety. A quasi-experiment was conducted to determine if a multiple-exposure treatment technique (TRIPLESPEAK) would help to attenuate public speaking anxiety. The treatment group reported experiencing significantly less state anxiety during their post-test presentation than did the control group. This lead to the conclusion that exposure therapy can be used to help students enrolled in basic communication classes begin to overcome their fear of speaking in front of an audience. Follow-up analysis of the treatment group's reported anxiety levels during all five presentations (pre-test, Treatment Presentation 1, Treatment Presentation 2, Treatment Presentation 3, and post-test) revealed an increase in anxiety from the last treatment presentation to the post-test presentation. In order to explore this issue, Shannon's entropy was utilized to calculate the amount of information in each speaking environment. Anderson's functional ontology construction approach served as a model to explain the role of the environment in shaping speakers' current and future behaviors and reports of anxiety. The exploratory analysis revealed a functional relationship between information and anxiety. In addition, a qualitative study was conducted to determine which environmental stimuli speakers perceived contributed to their anxiety levels. Students reported experiencing anxiety based on four categories, which included speaker concerns, audience characteristics, contextual factors and assignment criteria. Students' reports of anxiety were dependent upon their previous speaking experiences, and students suggested differences existed between the traditional presentations and the treatment presentations. Pedagogical and theoretical implications are discussed.
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Finn, Amber N. O'Connor Brian C. "Widening the lens an interdisciplinary approach to examining the effect of exposure therapy on public speaking state anxiety /." [Denton, Tex.] : University of North Texas, 2007. http://digital.library.unt.edu/permalink/meta-dc-3975.
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Denning, Dayne Ralston. "The impact of the Texas Assessment of Knowledge and Skills (TAKS) on teacher stress and anxiety as reported by middle school classroom teachers in a selected school district in Education Service Center, Region 20, Texas." Texas A&M University, 2005. http://hdl.handle.net/1969.1/2448.
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The purpose of this study was to examine the impact of teacher stress and
anxiety as reported by middle school classroom teachers in a selected school district in
Education Service Center, Region 20, Texas. The selected district included 13 middle
schools where a total of 825 teachers were surveyed.
Survey responses were analyzed using descriptive and inferential statistics. An
analysis of variance (ANOVA) was performed to determine if there were significant
differences (p>0.05) in response to questions involving selected demographic variables.
Findings in the study included the following:
1. There was a statistical difference (p>0.05) in state and trait anxiety scores
between teachers of TAKS subjects and teachers of non-TAKS subjects.
2. Within the two groups of teachers of TAKS subjects and teachers of non-
TAKS subjects, there were statistical differences (p>0.05) in the state and
trait anxiety scores, which support that a correlation exists between state and
trait anxiety.
3. There was no statistical difference in state and trait anxiety scores between
teachers of TAKS subjects and teachers of non-TAKS subjects in selected
demographic variables used for the study.
The following are recommendations for further study:
1. Only middle school teachers were used in a selected district for this study. A
larger scale study should be conducted to enhance empirical data to
determine if teacher stress and anxiety are impacted by state-mandated tests
for all grade levels.
2. This study focused on data collected from 13 public schools. Similar studies
should be conducted on private and charter schools. A comparison can then
be made to determine if these schools show comparable results in teacher
stress and anxiety.
3. The study involved only schools within the city limits. Further research
could include studies in rural areas to determine if teachers exhibit similar
state and trait anxiety scores as do counterparts within city schools.
4. Selected demographic variables in this study were found not to have a
significant difference in teacher stress and anxiety between teachers of
TAKS and teachers of non-TAKS subjects. Further studies should be
conducted to determine if other demographic variables contribute to teacher
stress and anxiety.
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Athanas, Elizabeth Helen. "Fear of failure, experience, and division as predictors of state anxiety in USFA epee fencers." Click here to access thesis, 2007. http://www.georgiasouthern.edu/etd/archive/spring2007/elizabeth_h_athanas/athanas_elizabeth_h_200701_ms.pdf.
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Thesis (M.S.)--Georgia Southern University, 2007."A thesis submitted to the Graduate Faculty of Georgia Southern University in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree Master of Science." Under the direction of Jonathan N. Metzler. ETD. Electronic version approved: May 2007. Includes bibliographical references (p. 33-43) and appendices.
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Westbury, Anthony J. "The cognitive determinants of state anxiety, and their effects on performance in high risk sport." Thesis, University of Brighton, 1994. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.239718.
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Abdullatif, Qutayba A. "Adaptation of the State Trait Anxiety Inventory in Arabic a comparison with the American STAI /." [Tampa, Fla.] : University of South Florida, 2004. http://purl.fcla.edu/fcla/etd/SFE0000392.
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Leonello, Angela. "The effect of induced negative mood and state anxiety on event-based prospective memory performance." Thesis, University of Sydney, 2020. https://hdl.handle.net/2123/24265.
Full textAbstract:
Event-based prospective memory (PM) is a complex process in which memory and attentional resources are engaged to perform a delayed intention after a cue is recognised in the environment. Event-based PM is a functional skill that can influence outcomes such as treatment adherence. Evidence is mixed as to whether negative mood impairs or improves event-based PM performance. Processing requirements of the event-based PM tasks, which determine whether effortful monitoring is required for success, might explain inconsistent findings. High scores on state anxiety scales have been correlated with poor event-based PM consistently, however no studies have investigated whether this relationship is causal. This thesis aimed to clarify the effect of negative mood on event-based PM and investigate the causal effect of state anxiety on event-based PM by investigating how task factors such as working memory (WM) load and attentional demands interacted with induced negative mood or state anxiety to influence event-based PM performance. These aims were achieved through a systematic review of past research which informed empirical investigations of how negative mood or state anxiety, induced by an autobiographical event induction in Study 1 or a film clip induction in Study 2, interacted with WM capacity to influence event-based PM. Subsequently, an investigation of whether negative mood interacted with the attentional demands of an event-based PM task to influence performance was conducted in Study 3. Negative mood impaired processing speed on the PM task under conditions of low, but not high, WM load. State anxiety did not interact with WM load and negative mood did not interact with the attentional demands of the PM task to influence event-based PM. Findings were interpreted in light of theories explaining the cognitive processes that support event-based PM and theories accounting for the effects of negative mood and state anxiety on cognitive processing generally.
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Strauser, Jill M. "The effects of music versus silence on measures of state anxiety, perceived relaxation, and physiological responses of patients receiving chiropractic interventions." Scholarly Commons, 1996. https://scholarlycommons.pacific.edu/uop_etds/2296.
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This study examined the effects of music versus silence on measures of state anxiety, perceived relaxation, and physiological responses of chiropractic patients prior to and immediately after chiropractic treatment interventions. Thirty subjects were randomly assigned to one of three conditions. The control group (I) was instructed to relax in silence. Experimental group (II) listened to preferred style of music with relaxation instruction. Experimental group (III) listened to new age music with deep-breathing/visualization relaxation instruction. State anxiety inventory, ten-point Likert tension scale rating, and blood pressure measurements were administered before and after chiropractic procedures for each condition. Additionally, a questionnaire was completed post-treatment. Significant differences (12 < .05) were found from pretest to posttest among the three groups for state anxiety and Likert scale ratings for tension. No significance was rendered for physiological measurements across conditions.
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Mizzi, Simone. "The role of amygdala subregions in the neurobiology of social anxiety disorder." Phd thesis, Australian Catholic University, 2022. https://acuresearchbank.acu.edu.au/download/74e56c35f6026b2374d916ee37c4e3be637e3fd482fa2885fac12a8c27a80599/7997315/Mizzi_2022_The_role_of_amygdala_subregions_in.pdf.
Full textAbstract:
Social anxiety is characterised by fear and/or avoidance of social situations in which an individual may be scrutinised by others. Social anxiety is thought to exist as a spectrum, with individuals on the high-end experiencing frequent and severe anxiety in the context of social situations. When severe social anxiety is accompanied by distress and functional impairment, a diagnosis of social anxiety disorder (SAD) can be made. SAD is a prevalent and debilitating disorder that can be unremitting and pervasive in the absence of intervention. Current psychotherapeutic and pharmacotherapeutic treatments for SAD demonstrate limited efficacy in remitting symptoms. Therefore, it is important to achieve a better understanding of the neurobiological mechanisms implicated in this disorder and identify potential neural treatment targets to develop more efficacious treatments.
This thesis aimed to further investigate the neurobiological mechanisms implicated in SAD (vs. controls) and the associations between neural functioning and social anxiety as a dimensional symptom, with a focus on the amygdala and four of its subregions (the amygdalostriatal, basolateral, centromedial, and superficial subregions). This was due to previous findings in the neuroimaging literature in SAD having consistently implicated the amygdala, albeit with mixed findings of both increased and decreased functioning in those with SAD compared to controls. In the literature to date, however, most studies had examined the amygdala as a singular homogenous region due to methodological limitations in being able to examine the functionally and structurally distinct subnuclei that make up this region. By examining the amygdala subregions through the use of multiband functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI), this thesis additionally sought to determine whether the mixed findings in the literature to date may be a result of amygdala subregion-specific activity and connectivity patterns.
This was achieved through three research studies. Firstly, Study 1 involved a comprehensive systematic review that summarised the literature on resting-state neuroimaging in SAD with a focus on fMRI studies and findings specific to the amygdala and its subregions (Chapter 3). This was followed by two empirical studies which investigated the role of the amygdala and its subregions during resting-state (Study 2) and emotion processing (Study 3) fMRI paradigms (Chapters 5 and 6, respectively).
Findings from the systematic review (Study 1) highlighted the mixed findings in the resting-state neuroimaging literature in SAD to date, along with methodological limitations relating to neuroimaging acquisition and analysis. The empirical studies sought to address these limitations and demonstrated differing amygdala subregion activity and connectivity patterns at rest and during emotion processing. In the resting-state fMRI study (Study 2), there were no statistically significant differences in functional connectivity of the amygdala and its subregions in those with SAD compared to controls. However, social anxiety severity was found to be positively associated with connectivity between the superficial subregion and the supramarginal gyrus. The superficial subregion, along with the basolateral and centromedial subregions, were also implicated in the task-based emotion processing fMRI study (Study 3). In response to happy, angry, and fearful faces, those with SAD (vs. controls) had hyperactivation of the superficial subregion, hypoconnectivity between the superficial subregion and the precuneus, and hyperconnectivity between the basolateral subregion and broader brain regions (i.e., the pre/postcentral gyrus and the supramarginal gyrus). Additionally, social anxiety severity was positively associated with superficial and centromedial activation.
Overall, the findings from this thesis provide novel information to the current understanding of the neurobiology of SAD by demonstrating amygdala subregion-specific alterations. This has important implications for research, theory, and clinical practice that are detailed in the thesis discussion (Chapter 7). Briefly, in terms of research, findings from the thesis provide support for the continuing investigation of SAD using both dimensional and categorical approaches. This was evident by the findings from the two empirical papers which demonstrated positive associations between subregional activity and connectivity patterns and social anxiety severity. With regards to theory, differences in neural patterns that were observed at rest (Study 2) and during emotion processing (Study 3) provide support for distinct neurobiological models to be constructed based on whether those with SAD are in the absence or presence of social stimuli. This is in contrast to the most recently proposed neurobiological model of SAD which was informed by a combination of resting-state and task-based fMRI data. Finally, with regards to clinical practice, the findings from this thesis provide preliminary evidence of the superficial, basolateral, and centromedial subregions of the amygdala as being potential treatment targets that can be used to inform the development of more efficacious treatments for SAD.
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Aubry, Heather Ann. "An empirical test of coping styles as a predictor of state anxiety in an examination situation." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1997. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk2/tape16/PQDD_0007/NQ28109.pdf.
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Spence, M. Janet (Martha Janet). "A Study of the Changes Over Time in State Anxiety in a Computer-Assisted Instructional Program." Thesis, North Texas State University, 1985. https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc332029/.
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The purposes of this study were to analyze (1) the changes over time in the state anxiety level of children in a computer-assisted program of reading instruction and in classroom reading instruction, (2) the changes in state anxiety patterns as related to gender, achievement level, and ethnicity, and (3) the difference in anxiety levels of the students while in computer-assisted reading instruction and classroom reading instruction.