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Academic literature on the topic 'Starfishes'

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Published: 4 June 2021
Last updated: 31 July 2024

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Journal articles on the topic "Starfishes"

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Fedyunin, V. A., A. A. Poromov, and A. V. Smurov. "INFLUENCE OF METALS ON SURVIVAL AND LIFE ACTIVITY OF STARFISHES ASTERIAS RUBENS." Toxicological Review, no. 4 (August 28, 2018): 29–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.36946/0869-7922-2018-4-29-34.

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The effect of metals chlorides (cobalt, manganese, iron, lead, cadmium and copper) at wide range of concentrations on various aspects of the life of starfishes Asterias rubens has been studied. The experiments included a survival and behavioral responses (righting time) evaluation of starfishes during the seven-day exposure. Copper is the most toxic of the studied metals (half-lethal concentration LC50 = 0,062±0,01 mg/L, 96 hours of exposure), then toxicity decrease in the following order: lead (LC50 = 1,99±0,08 mg/L), cadmium (LC50 = 1,6±0,1 mg/L), cobalt (LC50 = 57,7±2,1 mg/L), manganese (LC50= 79,7±4,3 mg/L). Iron at studied concentrations did not influence the starfish’s survival. Copper, lead and cadmium led to a significant increase of the righting time after 96 hours of exposure. The toxic effects of these metals, except for copper, were revealed at higher concentration then Russian norms for surface waters.
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Mekhova, E. S., and P. Yu Dgebuadze. "Trophic interactions between gall-forming molluscs Stilifer spp. (Gastropoda, Eulimidae) and their hosts (Echinodermata)." Ruthenica, Russian Malacological Journal 30, no. 4 (October 1, 2020): 195–202. http://dx.doi.org/10.35885/ruthenica.2021.30(4).2.

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The trophic relationships between two species of symbiotic gall-forming molluscs from the genus Stilifer (family Eulimidae) and two of their hosts-asteroid species, Linckia laevigata and Culcita noveaguineae, were investigated using the stable isotope analysis of carbon and nitrogen. The aim of present study was to identify the most preferable host tissue in the symbionts’ diet. We analyzed δ15N and δ13C values in tube-feet, gonads and digestive glands of the hosts-starfishes and in muscles of the molluscs. Both symbiont species did not differ to each other both in δ15N and δ13C values. The average δ15N and δ13C values of Stilifer variabilis were significantly different from the digestive glands and gonads of their host Culcita novaeguineae and did not show differences from the tube-feet of starfishes. A similar pattern was found in the symbiotic association of Stilifer utinomi and Linckia laevigata. The tube-feet of analyzed starfishes had significantly higher average δ15N and δ13C values than the digestive glands and gonads. Obtained isotopic signatures indicate that symbionts do not feed on the host's tissues, but take nutrients from their digestive system. It seems that the proboscis of Stilifer spp. absorbs the nutrients from the digestive system of the host-starfish thereby not disturbing significantly the host's immune system.
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Kishimura, Hideki, and Kenji Hayashi. "Proteolytic activity of starfishes." NIPPON SUISAN GAKKAISHI 55, no. 5 (1989): 843–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.2331/suisan.55.843.

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Saotome, Kyoko, and Mieko Komatsu. "Chromosomes of Japanese Starfishes." Zoological Science 19, no. 10 (October 2002): 1095–103. http://dx.doi.org/10.2108/zsj.19.1095.

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Riccio, R., O. Squillace Greco, L. Minale, D. Duhet, D. Laurent, J. Pusset, G. Chauviere, and M. Pusset. "Starfish Saponins, Part 28. Steroidal Glycosides from Pacific Starfishes of the Genus Nardoa." Journal of Natural Products 49, no. 6 (November 1986): 1141–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/np50048a036.

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Zollo, Franco, Easter Finamore, Raffaele Riccio, and Luigi Minale. "Starfish Saponins, Part 37. Steroidal Glycoside Sulfates from Starfishes of the Genus Pisaster." Journal of Natural Products 52, no. 4 (July 1989): 693–700. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/np50064a004.

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Paramonov, Alexander S., Mikhail A. Shulepko, Alexey M. Makhonin, Maxim L. Bychkov, Dmitrii S. Kulbatskii, Andrey M. Chernikov, Mikhail Yu Myshkin, et al. "New Three-Finger Protein from Starfish Asteria rubens Shares Structure and Pharmacology with Human Brain Neuromodulator Lynx2." Marine Drugs 20, no. 8 (August 3, 2022): 503. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/md20080503.

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Three-finger proteins (TFPs) are small proteins with characteristic three-finger β-structural fold stabilized by the system of conserved disulfide bonds. These proteins have been found in organisms from different taxonomic groups and perform various important regulatory functions or act as components of snake venoms. Recently, four TFPs (Lystars 1–4) with unknown function were identified in the coelomic fluid proteome of starfish A. rubens. Here we analyzed the genomes of A. rubens and A. planci starfishes and predicted additional five and six proteins containing three-finger domains, respectively. One of them, named Lystar5, is expressed in A. rubens coelomocytes and has sequence homology to the human brain neuromodulator Lynx2. The three-finger structure of Lystar5 close to the structure of Lynx2 was confirmed by NMR. Similar to Lynx2, Lystar5 negatively modulated α4β2 nicotinic acetylcholine receptors (nAChRs) expressed in X. laevis oocytes. Incubation with Lystar5 decreased the expression of acetylcholine esterase and α4 and α7 nAChR subunits in the hippocampal neurons. In summary, for the first time we reported modulator of the cholinergic system in starfish.
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Ebert, Thomas A. "Life-History Analysis of Asterinid Starfishes." Biological Bulletin 241, no. 3 (December 1, 2021): 231–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.1086/716913.

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Lazzara, Arizza, Luparello, Mauro, and Vazzana. "Bright Spots in The Darkness of Cancer: A Review of Starfishes-Derived Compounds and Their Anti-Tumor Action." Marine Drugs 17, no. 11 (October 29, 2019): 617. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/md17110617.

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The fight against cancer represents a great challenge for researchers and, for this reason, the search for new promising drugs to improve cancer treatments has become inevitable. Oceans, due to their wide diversity of marine species and environmental conditions have proven to be precious sources of potential natural drugs with active properties. As an example, in this context several studies performed on sponges, tunicates, mollusks, and soft corals have brought evidence of the interesting biological activities of the molecules derived from these species. Also, echinoderms constitute an important phylum, whose members produce a huge number of compounds with diverse biological activities. In particular, this review is the first attempt to summarize the knowledge about starfishes and their secondary metabolites that exhibited a significant anticancer effect against different human tumor cell lines. For each species of starfish, the extracted molecules, their effects, and mechanisms of action are described.
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Smirnova, G. P., and N. V. Chekareva. "S19.17 Unusual structures of gangliosides from starfishes." Glycoconjugate Journal 10, no. 4 (August 1993): 339. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf01210171.

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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Starfishes"

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Palmer, Shiree. "The ecological role of a common seastar (Patiriella spp.) within intertidal cobble fields : a thesis submitted to the Victoria University of Wellington in partial fulfilment of the requirements for the degree of Master of Science in Marine Biology /." ResearchArchive@Victoria e-Thesis, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/10063/1240.

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Palmer, Penny L., and n/a. "The biology of Dendrogaster (Crustacea, Ascothoracida), parasitic in sea stars from Otago, New Zealand." University of Otago. Department of Marine Science, 2009. http://adt.otago.ac.nz./public/adt-NZDU20090731.161951.

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Little is known of the biology of the parasite Dendrogaster (Crustacea: Ascothoracida), an obligate endoparasite of sea stars. There are some 25 species of Dendrogaster reported worldwide. The highly modified females live within the coelomic cavity of the host, and heterochronous males are parasitic within the mantle cavity of the female. Two sea star species from the Otago Coast were found to be infected with two species of Dendrogaster. These parasite populations were studied from July 1993 to December 1994 to investigate specific aspects of their biology and the interactions between these parasites and their hosts. The parasite found in Allostichaster insignis (Asteridae) was identified as Dendrogaster argentinensis Grygier and Salvat 1984, and Asterodon miliaris (Odontasteridae) was found to contain a previously unknown species, herein described and named Dendrogaster otagoensis n. sp. The structure and function of the mantle of female Dendrogaster sp were determined using light, scanning and transmission electron microscopy. The ultrastructure of the mantle is modified, sharing characteristics found in Rhizocephala (Crustacea: Cirripedia), copepods, and Ulophysema oeresundense (Ascothoracida: Dendrogasteridae), which enable these crustaceans to absorb nutrients. Such modifications include a very thin, crenulated epicuticle, a soft, unscleratinised procuticle, and infoldings of the apical plasma membrane. In Dendrogaster the gut is likely to retain the capacity to absorb nutrients. In general, aspects of infestation of Dendrogaster argentinensis and D. otagoensis are the same. Prevalence of Dendrogaster sp. in Otago sea stars is high and parasitism occurs throughout the year. Seventy-seven point five percent of Asterodon miliaris are infected with D. otagoensis and 97.4% of Allostichaster insignis are infected with D. argentinensis. Up to 144 females are found in a single host, and as many as 34 males in a single female. Mean number of parasites per host changes little over time, but began to decrease in D. argentinensis towards the end of the sample period. The female population is dominated by small individuals, with maximum size likely to depend on space available within the host. Males achieve a large size quickly, but their growth is also restricted by the size of the female they are within. The size and number of females per host are not related to size of the host. Females acquire new males and males grow larger with an increase in female size. Males occur in females of all reproductive stages, but occur with the greatest frequency in brooding females. Reproduction is spread evenly through females in less heavily infected hosts, and there is a reduction in mean size of females as the number of females per host increases, indicative of the crowding effect. Three indices of aggregation show that both sexes of Dendrogaster are highly aggregated in their hosts, with few hosts harbouring most of the parasites. Dendrogaster is a parasitic castrator. Infected hosts have parasite loads ranging from 0.1% - 112% total sea star wet weight. Infected sea stars have smaller pyloric caecae and gonads, however, no gonads were present in uninfected Allostichaster insignis. Effect on the gonads and pyloric caecae increases as parasite load increases. Rather than directly affecting the germinal tissue of the host, Dendrogaster castrates its host indirectly through crowding and/or competitive castration. This castration is variable among hosts in Asterodon miliaris, but is important in Allostichaster insignis. The presence of D. argentinensis in A. insignis is associated with an increase in the incidence of asexual reproduction among larger (R>25mm) individuals. Specific growth rates of intact and regenerating arms in fed and starved A. insignis are lower in infected individuals. Larvae are brooded in the mantle cavity of the female until reaching the infective, swimming ascothoracid II stage. The larval development of Dendrogaster argentinensis and D. otagoensis is abbreviated. Larvae moult directly from the egg into the metanauplius. Metanauplii moult into ascothoracid I stage, which moult into the ascothoracid II stage immediately upon release from the female. Ultrastructure confirms the putative sensory function of the lattice organs. Other larval cuticular structures are also sensory. Histological examination revealed that Dendrogaster has unique system of ovulation among Crustacea. The ovarian membrane contains primary oocytes, early vitellogenic and vitellogenic oocytes, but not maturing oocytes, which are found outside the ovarian membrane. The ovarian membrane forms follicles from which vitellogenic oocytes burst into the surrounding mesodermal tissue. These oocytes mature within the mantle wall tissue until entering the mantle cavity, where they are fertilised. Ovaries are absent in most brooding females. Spermatogenesis takes place within the males posterior protrusions and is continuous. Dendrogaster are likely to be labile hermaphrodites, as sperm are found in 20% of ovaries. Female Dendrogaster display asynchronous reproduction, with females of all sizes at different stages throughout the year. Females within one host are also at different stages. Spermatogenesis is present in males of all sizes. The presence of spent males in some females is indicative of a females outliving the males.
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Martel, André. "Cycle et comportement de reproduction du néogastéropode Buccinum undatum L. dans le golfe Saint-Laurent /." Thèse, Chicoutimi : Université du Québec à Chicoutimi, 1985. http://theses.uqac.ca.

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Boivin, Yves. "Le cycle de reproduction d'une étoile de mer couveuse subarctique Leptastérias polaris /." Thèse, Chicoutimi : Université du Québec à Chicoutimi, 1985. http://theses.uqac.ca.

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Peters, Kevin J. "The chemical ecology of Antarctic sponges." Birmingham, Ala. : University of Alabama at Birmingham, 2009. https://www.mhsl.uab.edu/dt/2009p/peters.pdf.

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Thesis (Ph. D.)--University of Alabama at Birmingham, 2009.
Additional advisors: Bill J. Baker, James B. McClintock, Donald D. Muccio, Robert W. Thacker. Description based on contents viewed June 3, 2009; title from PDF t.p. Includes bibliographical references.
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Cambell, Stephen Sean. "Morphology and histochemistry of the extracellular matrix of embryos following freeze substitution of the starfish Pisaster ochraceus." Thesis, University of British Columbia, 1990. http://hdl.handle.net/2429/28938.

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All developing embryos contain an extracellular matrix (ECM) consisting of proteins, glycoproteins, and proteoglycans. These components are important for morphogenetic processes such as cell migration, cell differentiation and cell death. The ECM of the starfish, Pisaster ochraceus, consists of three major components: A hyaline layer which coats the external surface of the embryo; a basal lamina which lines the basal surfaces of the epithelia; and a blastocoelic component which fills the embryonic cavity or blastocoel. Observations of chemically fixed asteroid embryos have revealed the hyaline layer to contain five sub-layers of fibrous strands encrusted with amorphous material. Strands of a similar nature form a meshwork within the fluid-filled blastocoel. Recent studies of the living embryo, however, have suggested that the ECM within the blastocoel of echinoderms, including the asteroid, is a gel-like substance and not a fluid with extracellular fibres. Since artefacts imposed by chemicals such as aldehydes and osmium are well documented, a method of preservation, which does not involve the use of these chemicals, may resolve the apparent conflict over the nature of the ECM of the asteroid embryo. Freeze substitution, an expensive cryofixation technique which has proven successful in fixing vertebrate tissue, does not require the use of aldehydes and osmium. The initial objective of this study was to devise an inexpensive, easily employable freeze substitution technique which would allow good preservation of cellular and extracellular elements of the embryonic starfish, Pisaster ochraceus. A plunge freezing apparatus was constructed which consisted of a Dewer flask filled with liquid nitrogen, a small cup was filled with cryogen and inserted into the nitrogen, and a motor which constantly stirred the cryogen. Embryos were isolated on copper freeze-fracture grids and plunged into the cryogen. After considering four different cryogens and four separate cryoprotectants, cryoprotecting asteroid embryos with propylene glycol and plunging them into supercooled propane was found to provide optimal preservation. Frozen embryos were freeze substituted in anhydrous ethanol at -90 °C, osmicated, and embedded for ultrastructural and histochemical analysis. Following freeze substitution, the blastocoel appears to contain a gel-like substance, rich in sulfated GAG's, with extracellular fibres and not a fluid with fibres. In addition, the hyaline layer was found to consist of at least six sub-layers of greater thickness than was seen in chemically fixed embryos. Histochemical studies demonstrated that both sulfated and unsulfated GAG's were present in these layers. The morphological differences among the sub-layers suggest that some sub-layers may have unique functions while others may have functions shared by other sub-layers. Freeze substitution also revealed the presence of microvillus associated bodies, structures which may represent major attachment points of the hyaline layer to the epithelium. Although the fixation of asteroid embryos by freeze substitution is a lengthy process, taking four to five days, the resulting preservation, particular!ly of the ECM components, justifies its use over chemical fixations. Material preserved by freeze substitution can be used for histochemical studies and, since aldehydes and heavy metals are not necessary for successful preservation, may also prove useful for immunocytochemical studies.
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Poorbagher, Hadi, and n/a. "Life-history ecology of two New Zealand echinoderms with planktotrophic larvae." University of Otago. Department of Marine Science, 2008. http://adt.otago.ac.nz./public/adt-NZDU20081029.160011.

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The importance of parental nutritional status on planktotrophic larvae was investigated in both laboratory-conditioned and field (populations) parents of two New Zealand echinoderms: the sea urchin Pseudechinus huttoni and the starfish Sclerasterias mollis. Three questions were addressed: (i) Does parental nutritional status affect the reproductive features (gonad index, gametogenesis, fecundity and biochemical composition) both in the laboratory and under natural conditions? (ii) Does parental nutritional status affect egg characteristics (diameter, number, dry weight, fertilization rate and biochemical composition)? (iii) Are the characteristics of larvae (growth, development, morphology, mortality rate and body composition) influenced by parental or larval nutrition (or both)? To answer the first question, adult P. huttoni and S. mollis were maintained in the laboratory with a low or high diet (in terms of quantity and quality for P. huttoni, and in terms of quantity for S. mollis) for one year. The effect of low and high diets on reproductive features was studied and the same parameters were studied in two parental populations with dissimilar food availability (for P. huttoni: Otago Shelf and Doubtful Sound populations; for S. mollis: Otago inshore and offshore populations). To address the second question, egg characteristics of the laboratory-held and field parents were measured. The third question was answered by rearing larvae of the laboratory and field parents with both low and high concentration planktonic diets. P. huttoni reared in the laboratory with a higher food ration had greater gonad indices and lipid concentration and larger oocyte area. Sea urchins from the Doubtful Sound population had higher food availability, greater gonad lipid concentration and larger oocytes. Parental nutrition had some effect on the characteristics of the egg in P. huttoni. The laboratory-held urchins fed a high diet produced larger eggs: P. huttoni from Doubtful Sound produced larger eggs with a greater carbohydrate concentration. P. huttoni larvae from low-fed laboratory and Otago Shelf parents had faster development The effect of larval nutrition was more important than parental food availability on larval growth and development. Feeding parents in the laboratory had no effect on larval morphology but larvae from Doubtful Sound, which had better food availability, had longer arms relative to body width. A higher cell concentration in the planktonic diet led to shorter larval arm relative to body width. In S. mollis reared in the laboratory, a higher food ration led to larger gonad and pyloric caeca indices. The starfish from an Otago inshore population mainly had a higher gonad index than those from an Otago offshore population. In the laboratory-held parents S. mollis, nutrition had no effect on the egg characteristics. In the field, starfish with higher food availability produced smaller eggs with lower carbohydrate concentration. There was no significant difference between development rates of S. mollis larvae from low and high fed laboratory parents. However, those from the Otago inshore parents, with better food availability, had faster development than the larvae from Otago offshore parents. In S. mollis larvae, the origin of the parents (either from the laboratory or the field) had no effect on larval shape. A higher concentration planktonic diet led to longer larvae relative to body width in larvae from high-fed laboratory parents. In both P. huttoni and S. mollis, parental and larval diet had no effect on rate of instantaneous larval mortality. In both P. huttoni and S. mollis larvae, biochemical composition of the larvae and the egg were different to each other. Egg reserves appear not to be a factor which affects larval characteristics in these species.
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BOYER, EDWARD HENRI. "THE NATURAL DISAPPEARANCE OF A TOP CARNIVORE AND ITS IMPACT ON AN INTERTIDAL INVERTEBRATE COMMUNITY: THE INTERPLAY OF TEMPERATURE AND PREDATION ON COMMUNITY STRUCTURE (GULF OF CALIFORNIA)." Diss., The University of Arizona, 1987. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/184109.

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The predatory sea star, Heliaster kubiniji, has been hypothesized to be a "keystone species" that is instrumental in maintaining diversity in the intertidal zones of the northern Gulf of California (Paine 1966). Four hundred and one Heliaster stomach samples collected in 1974-1976 from Station Beach, Puerto Penasco, Sonora, Mexico indicated that Heliaster consumed a variety of prey but preferred barnacles, Chthamalus anisopoma (93% of all prey items). The catastrophic decline of Heliaster in the Gulf of California in 1978 resulted in mortalities approaching 100% (Dungan et al 1982). Pre-die-off community data from the intertidal reef at Station Beach (Mackie and Boyer 1977) were compared with post-die-off (1981-1984) data to determine effects of the Heliaster disappearance. Community structure data included abundance and intertidal distributions of 20 species of macro-invertebrates including 11 Heliaster prey and 9 non-prey species and consisted of 6 carnivores, 7 herbivores, 5 detritivores and 2 filter feeders. Comparisons were made in two distinct habitats: a basalt boulder habitat (Heliaster's preferred habitat) and a reef flat habitat. In the reef flat zone three prey species increased density while seven were unchanged; two non-prey species decreased while seven were unchanged. In the boulder zone six prey species increased, three decreased and two were unchanged; one non-prey increased, three decreased and five were unchanged. An examination of prey vs. non-prey guild structure indicated an increase in prey guild density in the boulder zone from 1976 to 1981 and a reshuffling of rank order of prey density. Analysis of trophic guild structure revealed an increase in carnivore guild density (but no change in ranks) in the boulder zone only and an increase in herbivore guild boulder density (with change in ranks) between 1976 and 1981. No significant changes in species diversity were observed during the study. Heliaster did not act as a keystone species in this community, but it influenced the abundance and structure of prey species and trophic guilds. A continuum is proposed for the potential effects of predation on community structure.
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Şahin, Özge Turna İsmail İbrahim. "Antalya Körfezi Doğu Kıyıları' nda (Antalya - Gazipaşa) echinodermata faunasının belirlenmesi /." Isparta : SDÜ Fen Bilimleri Enstitüsü, 2008. http://tez.sdu.edu.tr/Tezler/TF01185.pdf.

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Miller, Bruce Allen 1953. "Larval abundance and early juvenile recruitment of echinoids, asteroids, and holothuroids on the Oregon coast." Thesis, Thesis (M.S.)--University of Oregon, 1995, 1995. http://hdl.handle.net/1794/10056.

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Books on the topic "Starfishes"

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E, Downey Maureen, ed. Starfishes of the Atlantic. London: Chapman & Hall, 1991.

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Sentā, Okinawa-ken Kankyō Kagaku, and Japan Naikau-fu, eds. Chi-hitode monitaringu manyuaru: Onihitode tairyō hassei no yochi. Naha-shi: Anettai Sōgō Kagaku Kenkyūjo, 2006.

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Robert, Raymond. Starfish wars: Coral death and the crown-of-thorns. South Melbourne: Macmillan Co. of Australia, 1986.

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Clark, Helen E. S. The marine fauna of New Zealand.: Order Paxillosida. Wellington, N.Z: National Institute of Water and Atmospheric Research, 2000.

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Breton, Gérard. Les Goniasteridae (Asteroidea, Echinodermata) jurasiques et crétacés de France: Taphonomie, systématique, biostratigraphie, paléobiogéographie, évolution. Le Havre: Éditions du Muséum du Havre, 1992.

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Coldiron, Deborah. Starfish. Edina, Minn: ABDO Pub. Company, 2007.

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Friedersdorf, Melanie. The starfish rescuers. Snowmass Village, Colo: Peaceful Village Pub., 2000.

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McKnight, D. G. The marine fauna of New Zealand.: With addenda to Paxillosida, Valvatida. [Wellington, N.Z.]: National Institute of Water and Atmospheric Research, 2006.

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Moran, Peter. Acanthaster planci: An annotated bibliography. Townsville: Australian Institute of Marine Science, 1986.

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Coleman, Neville. Sea stars of Australasia and their relatives. Springwood Qld, Australia: Neville Coleman's Underwater Geographic Pty Ltd., 1994.

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Book chapters on the topic "Starfishes"

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Vevers, H. G. "Sea Urchins, Starfishes and Sea Cucumbers." In The British Seashore, 103–9. London: Routledge, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9781003484370-9.

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Stemkoski, Lee, and Evan Leider. "Starfish Collector." In Game Development with Construct 2, 9–25. Berkeley, CA: Apress, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4842-2784-8_2.

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Bearce, Stephanie. "Starfish Prime." In Twisted True Tales from Science Explosive Experiments, 85–88. New York: Routledge, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9781003239277-20.

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Ferrario, Cinzia, Yousra Ben Khadra, Michela Sugni, M. Daniela Candia Carnevali, Pedro Martinez, and Francesco Bonasoro. "Studying Echinodermata Arm Explant Regeneration Using Echinaster sepositus." In Methods in Molecular Biology, 263–91. New York, NY: Springer US, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-0716-2172-1_14.

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AbstractEchinoderms are marine invertebrate deuterostomes known for their amazing regenerative abilities throughout all life stages. Though some species can undergo whole-body regeneration (WBR), others exhibit more restricted regenerative capabilities. Asteroidea (starfish) comprise one of the few echinoderm taxa capable of undergoing WBR. Indeed, some starfish species can restore all tissues and organs not only during larval stages, but also from arm fragments as adults. Arm explants have been used to study cells, tissues and genes involved in starfish regeneration. Here, we describe methods for obtaining and studying regeneration of arm explants in starfish, in particular animal collection and husbandry, preparation of arm explants, regeneration tests, microscopic anatomy techniques (including transmission electron microscopy, TEM) used to analyze the regenerating explant tissues and cells plus a downstream RNA extraction protocol needed for subsequent molecular investigations.
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Novak, John M., Denise E. Armstrong, and Brendan Browne. "Managing a Starfish." In Leading For Educational Lives, 139–53. Rotterdam: SensePublishers, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-6209-554-0_10.

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Bernstein, Daniel J., Peter Birkner, and Tanja Lange. "Starfish on Strike." In Lecture Notes in Computer Science, 61–80. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-14712-8_4.

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Davydov, P. V., O. I. Shubravyi, and S. G. Vassetzky. "The Starfish Asterina pectinifera." In Animal Species for Developmental Studies, 287–311. Boston, MA: Springer US, 1990. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4613-0503-3_11.

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Hayward, Eva. "Lessons From a Starfish." In The Transgender Studies Reader Remix, 466–75. New York: Routledge, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9781003206255-48.

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Birkeland, Janis. "The STARfish Tool Described." In Net-Positive Design and Sustainable Urban Development, 335–52. 1 Edition. | New York : Routledge, 2019.: Routledge, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9780429290213-15.

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Birkeland, Janis. "The STARfish Tool Benchmarks." In Net-Positive Design and Sustainable Urban Development, 353–70. 1 Edition. | New York : Routledge, 2019.: Routledge, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9780429290213-16.

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Conference papers on the topic "Starfishes"

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Sheth, Shrija, and Dinesh J. Prajapati. "Recognition of Underwater Starfishes using Deep Learning." In 2022 Second International Conference on Next Generation Intelligent Systems (ICNGIS). IEEE, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/icngis54955.2022.10079811.

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Mitrofanov, Yu A., O. V. Dogadova, and V. A. Kochetova. "Disorder of symmetry in the marine starfishes of the Amursky Bay of Japan Sea." In Oceans 2003. Celebrating the Past ... Teaming Toward the Future (IEEE Cat. No.03CH37492). IEEE, 2003. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/oceans.2003.178347.

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LiKamWa, Robert, and Lin Zhong. "Starfish." In MobiSys'15: The 13th Annual International Conference on Mobile Systems, Applications, and Services. New York, NY, USA: ACM, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/2742647.2742663.

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Wonner, Jonathan, Jérôme Grosjean, Antonio Capobianco, and Dominique Bechmann. "Starfish." In the 18th ACM symposium. New York, New York, USA: ACM Press, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/2407336.2407356.

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Hu, Pan, Junha Im, Zain Asgar, and Sachin Katti. "Starfish." In SenSys '20: The 18th ACM Conference on Embedded Networked Sensor Systems. New York, NY, USA: ACM, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/3384419.3430769.

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Bourdenas, Themistoklis, and Morris Sloman. "Starfish." In the 2010 ICSE Workshop. New York, New York, USA: ACM Press, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/1808984.1808993.

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Lee, Young Suk. "Spiky Starfish." In TEI '15: Ninth International Conference on Tangible, Embedded, and Embodied Interaction. New York, NY, USA: ACM, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/2677199.2690878.

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Schagen, Jurgen van, Martijn Gribnau, Jean de Leeuw, Benjamin Los, Nick Cleintuar, and Rafael Bidarra. "Super Starfish Mania." In CHI PLAY '15: The annual symposium on Computer-Human Interaction in Play. New York, NY, USA: ACM, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/2793107.2810275.

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Wood, Justin. "Data Migration using Starfish." In Proposed for presentation at the JOWOG-34 held July 12-15, 2021 in Virtual/Remote,. US DOE, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/1883486.

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Wood, Justin. "Using Starfish for Data Migration." In Proposed for presentation at the Starfish User Community Conference 2022 held March 30-30, 2022 in ,. US DOE, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/2002088.

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Reports on the topic "Starfishes"

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Allen, Charles D. Profession of Arms - Starfish Metaphor. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, September 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada595115.

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Eric Clark, S., M. Belyaev, B. Cohen, and D. Larson. Multiple Phase Screen Electromagnetic Propagation Simulations of Starfish Prime Event. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), May 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/1876690.

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O'Connell, Kelly, David Burdick, Melissa Vaccarino, Colin Lock, Greg Zimmerman, and Yakuta Bhagat. Coral species inventory at War in the Pacific National Historical Park: Final report. National Park Service, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.36967/2302040.

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Abstract:
The War in the Pacific National Historical Park (WAPA), a protected area managed by the National Park Service (NPS), was established "to commemorate the bravery and sacrifice of those participating in the campaigns of the Pacific Theater of World War II and to conserve and interpret outstanding natural, scenic, and historic values on the island of Guam." Coral reef systems present in the park represent a vital element of Guam?s cultural, traditional, and economical heritage, and as such, are precious and in need of conservation. To facilitate the management of these resources, NPS determined that a scleractinian (stony coral) species survey was necessary to establish a baseline for existing coral communities and other important factors for conservation. EnviroScience, Inc. performed a survey of stony coral species, coral habitat, and current evidence of stressors at WAPA?s H?gat and Asan Units in 2022. This report summarizes these findings from a management perspective and compares its findings to previous survey data from 1977 and 1999 (Eldridge et al. 1977; Amesbury et al. 1999). WAPA is located on the tropical island of Guam, located on the west-central coast of the island, and encompasses 2,037 acres. Underwater resources are a significant component of the park, as 1,002 acres consists of water acres. The park is comprised of seven units, of which two of these, the H?gat and Asan Beach Units, include all the oceanic water acres for the park. The H?gat Beach Unit (local spelling, formerly known as ?Agat?) is located at the south-west portion of the park and consists of 38 land acres and 557 water acres (NPS 2003). The Asan Beach Unit consists of 109 acres of land and 445 water acres (NPS 2003). A current baseline for existing coral communities and other important factors for conservation necessitates the need for up-to-date data on the location, presence, relative abundance, and present health of corals. Park managers need this updated data to determine where and how to best focus conservation priorities and identify restoration opportunities. Management actions in park reef areas informed by this inventory included identifying locations where there were: high rates of sedimentation; high coral biomass; rare or threatened species, with a priority given to species endemic to Guam and listed as ?threatened? under the U.S. Endangered Species Act (ESA; Acropora globiceps, A. retusa, A. speciosa, and Seriatopora aculeata); coral persistence and decline, disease and/or nuisance species, including the crown-of-thorns starfish (Acanthaster cf. solaris, ?COTS?) and the sponge Terpios hoshinota; and bleached areas. All work carried out was in accordance with the NPS statement of work (SOW) requirements, which involved a quantitative inventory using both new and pre-existing transects. The resulting transects totaled 61 (including the four from the 1999 study), each measuring 50 meters in length and distributed across depths of up to 50 feet. Divers took photo-quadrat samples covering an area of approximately 9 m?, encompassing 50 photo-quadrats of dimensions 0.50 m x 0.36 m (n=50). The collective area surveyed across all 61 transects amounted to ~549 m?. Additionally, a qualitative search was conducted to enhance documentation of coral species that have limited distribution and might not be captured by transects, along with identifying harmful species and stressors. Timed roving diver coral diversity surveys were carried out at a total of 20 sites occurring within the waters of WAPA, including eight sites at the H?gat unit and 12 sites at the Asan unit. The findings from this report reveal significant disparities in benthic cover compositions between H?gat and Asan units. The H?gat unit exhibits high abundances of turf algae and unconsolidated sediment while the Asan beach unit presents a different scenario, with hard coral as the dominant benthic cover, followed closely by crustose coralline algae (CCA). The Asan unit is also more difficult to access from shore or boat relative to H?gat which provides that unit some protection from human influences. The Asan beach unit's prevalence of hard coral, CCA, and colonizable substrate suggests a more favorable environment for reef growth and the potential benefits of maintaining robust coral cover in the area. These distinct differences in benthic communities highlight the contrasting ecological dynamics and habitats of the two study areas. Across both H?gat and Asan beach unit transects, a total of 56 hard coral species were recorded from 27 genera, with 44 species recorded from the H?gat unit and 48 species recorded from the Asan unit. Of the four historical transects surveyed in the Asan unit from 1999, three experienced declines in percent coral cover (17.38-78.72%), while the fourth had an increase (10.98%). During the timed roving diver coral diversity surveys, a total of 245 hard coral species, including 241 scleractinian coral species representing 49 genera and 4 non-scleractinian coral species representing 4 genera were recorded. Uncertainties related to coral identification, unresolved boundaries between morphospecies, differences in taxonomists' perspectives, and the rapidly evolving state of coral taxonomy have significant implications for species determinations during coral diversity surveys. While the recent surveys have provided valuable insights into coral diversity in WAPA waters, ongoing taxonomic research and collaboration among experts will be essential to obtain a more comprehensive and accurate understanding of coral biodiversity in the region. Of the several ESA coral species that were searched for among the H?gat and Asan beach units, Acropora retusa was the only coral species found among quantitative transects (n=2) and A. globiceps was observed during coral diversity surveys. Acropora speciosa, which was dominant in the upper seaward slopes in 1977, is now conspicuously absent from all the surveys conducted in 2022 (Eldredge et al., 1977). The disappearance and reduction of these once-dominant species underscores the urgency of implementing conservation measures to safeguard the delicate balance of Guam's coral reefs and preserve the diversity and ecological integrity of these invaluable marine ecosystems. Other formerly common or locally abundant species were infrequently encountered during the diversity surveys, including Acropora monticulosa, A. sp. ?obtusicaulis?, A. palmerae, Stylophora sp. ?mordax?, Montipora sp. ?pagoensis?, and Millepora dichotoma. Significant bleaching-associated mortality was recorded for these species, most of which are restricted to reef front/margin zones exposed to moderate-to-high levels of wave energy. Sedimentation was present in both H?gat and the Asan units, though it was more commonly encountered in H?gat transects. While significant portions of the reef area within the WAPA H?gat unit are in poor condition due to a variety of stressors, some areas still hosted notable coral communities, which should be a potential focus for park management to prevent further degradation. There is a need for more effective management of point source pollution concerns, particularly when subpar wastewater treatment or runoff from areas with potential pollution or sediment-laden water is flowing from nearby terrestrial environments. Future monitoring efforts should aim to establish a framework that facilitates a deeper understanding of potential point source pollution incidents. This would empower park managers to collaborate with adjacent communities, both within and outside of park boundaries, to mitigate the localized impacts of pollution (McCutcheon and McKenna, 2021). COTS were encountered during transect surveys as well as in coral diversity surveys. including along the upper reef front/reef margin at site Agat-CS-2. The frequency of these observations, particularly in the WAPA H?gat unit and where stress-susceptible corals are already uncommonly encountered, raise concern about the ability of the populations of these coral species to recover following acute disturbance events, and calls in to question the ability of some of these species to persist in WAPA waters, and in Guam?s waters more broadly. More frequent crown-of-thorns control efforts, even if only a handful of sea stars are removed during a single effort, may be required to prevent further loss to vulnerable species. There were several documented incidents of Terpios hoshinota covering large sections of branching coral in the reef flat along transects, but it is still unclear how detrimental this sponge is to the overall reef system. There is a concern that elevated levels of organic matter and nutrients in the water, such as those resulting from sewage discharge or stormwater runoff, could lead to increased Terpios populations (De Voogd et al. 2013). Consequently, it is important to track populations in known areas of sedimentation and poor water quality. The presence of unique species at single survey sites within the study areas underscores the ecological importance of certain locations. Some species are known to occur in other locations in Guam, while a few may be limited to specific sites within WAPA waters. These differences are likely influenced by environmental and biological factors such as poor water quality, severe heat stress events, chronic predation by crown-of-thorns sea stars, disease, and reduced herbivore populations. These factors collectively shape the condition of the benthic community, leading to variations in species distribution and abundance across the study sites. Documenting coral stress and identifying potentially harmful species allows for proactive management strategies to prevent the establishment of nuisance or detrimental species while populations are still manageable. Updated data on the location, presence, relative abundance, and health of corals is essential for park managers to prioritize conservation efforts and identify restoration opportunities effectively. Observations from this report raise concerns about the health and resilience of coral ecosystems in the H?gat unit and emphasize the need for knowledge of local factors that shape benthic community structure. Understanding the drivers responsible for these variations is crucial for effective conservation and management strategies to preserve the ecological balance and overall health of coral reefs in both units. Continued monitoring efforts will be critical in assessing long-term trends and changes in benthic cover and enabling adaptive management approaches to safeguard these valuable marine ecosystems in the face of ongoing environmental challenges.
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