Relevant bibliographies by topics / StARC effect

Academic literature on the topic 'StARC effect'

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Published: 11 March 2023

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Journal articles on the topic "StARC effect"

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Chen, Jenn-Yeu, Michael Friedrich, and Hua Shu. "The Effect of Immediate and Lifetime Experience of Reading Horizontal and Vertical Texts on Chinese Speakers’ Temporal Orientation." Journal of Cognition and Culture 15, no. 1-2 (March 17, 2015): 1–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/15685373-12342137.

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The present study examined participants’ performance on a temporal judgment task while holding language constant but varying their lifetime and immediate reading experience of horizontal and vertical texts. Chinese participants from Taiwan and China were randomly assigned to a reading task involving horizontally or vertically arranged texts. A temporal judgment task (spatial-temporal association of response codes or starc) followed the reading task, asking the participants to judge if the event depicted in a second picture occurred earlier or later than that in a first picture. Responses were faster when the left keys represented the ‘earlier’ responses than when the right keys did (a starc effect). Half of the participants responded with horizontally oriented keys while the rest with vertically oriented keys. For the Taiwan participants, the overall starc effect was greater when the response keys were vertical than horizontal, but no difference was observed for the China participants. A questionnaire indicates that the two groups of participants had similar lifetime experiences of reading horizontal texts, but the Taiwan participants read vertical texts in their life far more frequently than the China participants. Immediate reading experiences interacted with lifetime experiences in modulating the vertical bias. For the Taiwan participants, the vertical bias was strong following the vertical prime, but disappeared following the horizontal prime. For the China participants, the horizontal prime led to no vertical bias whereas the vertical prime brought about a horizontal bias. We conclude that the directionality of orthography and speakers’ immediate and lifetime reading experiences can better explain the vertical bias (or the lack of it) in the Chinese speakers’ temporal thinking. The findings, however, may be interpreted as constituting a different manifestation of linguistic relativity and recast under a broader framework of the extended-mind hypothesis of human cognition.
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Ding, Xianfeng, Xiaorong Cheng, Zhao Fan, and Huashan Liu. "Is Elapsing Time Really Recoded Into Spatial Linear Representation in Working Memory?" Experimental Psychology 62, no. 1 (January 1, 2015): 11–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.1027/1618-3169/a000269.

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A growing body of evidence suggested that elapsing time is tightly associated with space in a specific way (e.g., Spatial Temporal Association of Response Codes or STARC effect). However, existing findings cannot justify a hypothesis that elapsing time is recoded directly into a spatial linear representation in working memory. The present study addresses this fundamental question by using three modified STARC-related working memory paradigms. In different experiments, participants were asked to give order judgment, order-irrelevant STM recognition judgment, or motor-related free-choice judgment, immediately after successive presentation of a set of disparate stimuli. Results show that responses to early stimuli were faster or more often with the left key and responses to late stimuli were faster or more often with the right key. These findings clearly support the hypothesis that elapsing time is directly and automatically recoded into a spatial linear representation in working memory.
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Burešová, I., I. Sedláčková, O. Faměra, and J. Lipavský. "Effect of growing conditions on starch and protein content in triticale grain and amylose content in starch." Plant, Soil and Environment 56, No. 3 (March 27, 2010): 99–104. http://dx.doi.org/10.17221/123/2009-pse.

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The effect of growing conditions on starch and protein content in triticale grain and amylose content in starch was studied on winter triticale cvs. Kitaro, Lupus, Lamberto and Ticino harvested in 2006 and 2007 in Humpolec and Pernolec, Czech Republic. Dry matter of the investigated triticale grain contained 62.4–70.9% of starch. The starch content and amylose content in starch were significantly affected by cultivar and year. Statistical analysis did not confirm that starch content and amylose content in starch were significantly influenced by growing variant or location. The protein content was significantly affected only by year. The differences in protein content among cultivars, growing variants and locations were not significant. The protein content was negatively correlated with starch content (<I>r</I> = –0.83). Statistical analysis of data also confirmed a positive correlation between the starch content and amylose content in starch (<I>r</I> = 0.45).
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Elzner, Petr, Miroslav Jůzl, and Pavel Kasal. "Effect of different drip irrigation regimes on tuber and starch yield of potatoes." Plant, Soil and Environment 64, No. 11 (November 1, 2018): 546–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.17221/400/2018-pse.

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Small-plot field trials monitored the effect of drip irrigation of potatoes on tuber and starch yield. The trials were performed at two different localities in two trial years, 2016 and 2017. The subject of the evaluation included two cultivars with different vegetation periods (the very early cv. Monika and the semi-early cv. Jolana). Four repeated trials studied 4 irrigation treatments according to the available water capacity (AWC) of the soil, i.e. without irrigation, irrigation when soil humidity decreased below 60, 65 and below 70% AWC. All monitored parameters reflected a positive effect of irrigation in comparison to the non-irrigated control. The Žabčice locality showed the highest tuber and starch yields mostly after medium-intensity irrigation. The Valečov locality achieved the highest tuber and starch yields after the highest-intensity irrigation. Subject to the locality and the cultivar, the recommendation is to introduce automatic irrigation start when the soil humidity drops to 65% AWC for heavy soils and 70% AWC for medium heavy soils.
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Aghazadeh, Mona, Roselina Karim, Russly Abdul Rahman, Muhammad Tauseef Sultan, Maryam Paykary, and Stuart Johnson. "Effect of glycerol on the physicochemical properties of cereal starch films." Czech Journal of Food Sciences 36, No. 5 (November 8, 2018): 403–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.17221/41/2017-cjfs.

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The physical properties of corn, wheat and rice starch edible films with different level of glycerol were evaluated. Starch films exhibited an apparent endothermic peak in the range of 151–199°C with corn starch film with 1.6% glycerol having a relatively lower T<sub>o</sub> and higher T<sub>p</sub>. X-ray diffraction spectroscopy indicated that the corn, wheat, rice starch powders had ~ 39–49% crystallinity, whereas Fourier transform infrared spectra showed peaks associated with the tightly bound water present in the rice, corn, wheat starches. Overall, glycerol addition could enhance the water vapour pressure barrier properties of the films, but their tensile strength was reduced. Corn starch films were identified as the most suitable choice for edible packaging as its thermal characteristics indicated suggested a more acceptable sealability. Rice starch films is proposed as the better choice for coating as it showed better flexibility as indicted by lower tensile and higher elongation properties.
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PARMAR, DINESH. "The Effect of Plymetrich Training on the Competitive Swimming Bloch Start." International Journal of Scientific Research 2, no. 3 (June 1, 2012): 351. http://dx.doi.org/10.15373/22778179/mar2013/113.

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Sumardiono, Siswo, Listiyana Riska, Bakti Jos, and Isti Pudjiastuti. "Effect of Esterification on Cassava Starch: Physicochemical Properties and Expansion Ability." Reaktor 19, no. 1 (May 10, 2019): 34–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.14710/reaktor.19.1.34-41.

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In this study, the characteristic of cassava starch have been developed through esterification reaction using ethyl lactate. Commercial cassava starch was modified by using (0.5; 0.75; 1.00; 1.25; 1.50 % v/v) ethyl lactate solution with pH 6, 7, 8, 9 for 15, 25, 35, 45, 55 minutes and the drained starch was dried with sun drying. The cassava starch which has been esterified with 1.5% ethyl lactate for 15 minutes pH 6 gave highest volume expansion of 2,438.9 %. For swelling power, the highest value was 19.32 swelling power at variable concentrations of 1.5% ester, esterification period of 15 minutes, and pH 6. The lowest amylose content was 15.68 % in ester concentration of 1.5 %. From the scanning electron micrograph, shows that the cassava starch after and before modification has not changed since the modifications performed under the gelatinization temperature. FTIR spectra of native cassava starch and ester cassava starch shown shift of the carboxyl group of starch from 1072.37 to 1087.80 cm-1 and a decrease in the OH group is from 3452.53 to 3417.81 cm-1. Bond formed indicates that the esterification reaction occurs between cassava starch with ethyl lactate esters. Keywords: volume expansion, cassava starch, ester starch, ethyle lactate, modified starch
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Ononye, Uzoma, Peter Ofili, Francis Ndudi, and Kenneth Chukwujioke Agbim. "Family support, psychological capital, and start-up formation." Problems and Perspectives in Management 20, no. 1 (March 15, 2022): 342–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.21511/ppm.20(1).2022.28.

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The influence of family support and psychological capital (PsyCap) is a topical discourse in entrepreneurship studies due to the unsupportive and turbulent environments most entrepreneurs operate in. However, studies concluding on the nature and direction of family support and PsyCap effects on start-up formation appear scant. This study aims to empirically examine family support effects on start-up formation with psychological capital (PsyCap) as a mediation factor. Specific emphasis was given to extended family support. The study utilized the partial least square (PLS) method for hypotheses testing with cross-sectional data collected from 261 randomly sampled trainees in an entrepreneurship training program organized by the Delta State Ministry of Youth Development. The PLS analysis showed that family support (β = 0.317, p = 0.000) and PsyCap (β = 0.202, p = 0.000) have a significant positive effect on start-up formation. The results proved that family support and PsyCap are valuable antecedent factors for positioning entrepreneurs to engage and thrive productively in the start-up formation process. Furthermore, PsyCap did not mediate the significant positive effect of family support on start-up formation (β = 0.235, p = 0.000; β = 0.103, p = 0.052). This result demonstrates that family support may not be enough for PsyCap to transmit its significant positive effect on start-up formation. Hence, there is a need to procure other alternate support from formal or informal settings.
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Kanaan, A., D. E. Winget, S. O. Kepler, and M. H. Montgomery. "Observational Proof of the ZZ Ceti Red Edge." International Astronomical Union Colloquium 176 (2000): 518. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0252921100058693.

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With a time-series CCD photometry survey, we have demonstrated clearly that the observed red edge for the ZZ Ceti stars instability strip at 11,000 K is not an observational selection effect. Previous surveys for variability among hydrogen atmosphere white dwarfs at around 11,000 K have been carried out using high speed photometry which suffers from variable extinction effects that start becoming important at periods of 15 minutes. In our survey we constantly monitor the sky brightness as well as one or more comparison stars. This is done through the same color filter, therefore minimizing adverse effects of differential extinction. The fact that the theoretical red edge should be around 8,000 K remains, but effects not included in the theory, especially convection-aulsation interaction, could explain it.
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Mas-Hesse, J. Miguel, and Miguel Cerviño. "Evolutionary population synthesis: the effect of binary systems." Symposium - International Astronomical Union 193 (1999): 550–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0074180900206268.

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We present in this contribution our set of multi-wavelength synthesis models including the evolution of single and binary stars. The main results we have obtained can be summarized as follows: (a) massive close-binary systems will start to experience mass transfer episodes after the first 4Myr of the starburst evolution; (b) as a result of these mass transfer processes, stars of relatively low initial mass can lose completely their envelope and become a Wolf-Rayet star. In this way, the formation of WR stars is extended over longer than 15 Myr, and does not stop at 6Myr as predicted by models including only single stars; (c) WR stars can thus be coeval with red supergiants, which peak at around 10 Myr for solar metallicities; (d) the accretion of mass will originate relatively massive stars at ages for which they should have already disappeared; these stars, together with the WR stars formed in rather evolved clusters, increase the production of ionizing photons, so that the Hβ equivalent width will not drop as rapidly as predicted by models considering only individual stars; and (e) the mass transfer to compact companions will produce an additional source of high-energy radiation in the form of high-mass X-ray binaries, not predicted either by standard synthesis models.
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "StARC effect"

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Pozzo, Monica. "The effect of high-mass stars on low-mass star formation." Thesis, Keele University, 2001. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.366445.

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Künn, Steffen. "Unemployment and active labor market policy : new evidence on start-up subsidies, marginal employment and programs for youth unemployed." Phd thesis, Universität Potsdam, 2012. http://opus.kobv.de/ubp/volltexte/2012/6271/.

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In industrialized economies such as the European countries unemployment rates are very responsive to the business cycle and significant shares stay unemployed for more than one year. To fight cyclical and long-term unemployment countries spend significant shares of their budget on Active Labor Market Policies (ALMP). To improve the allocation and design of ALMP it is essential for policy makers to have reliable evidence on the effectiveness of such programs available. Although the number of studies has been increased during the last decades, policy makers still lack evidence on innovative programs and for specific subgroups of the labor market. Using Germany as a case study, the dissertation aims at contributing in this way by providing new evidence on start-up subsidies, marginal employment and programs for youth unemployed. The idea behind start-up subsidies is to encourage unemployed individuals to exit unemployment by starting their own business. Those programs have compared to traditional programs of ALMP the advantage that not only the participant escapes unemployment but also might generate additional jobs for other individuals. Considering two distinct start-up subsidy programs, the dissertation adds three substantial aspects to the literature: First, the programs are effective in improving the employment and income situation of participants compared to non-participants in the long-run. Second, the analysis on effect heterogeneity reveals that the programs are particularly effective for disadvantaged groups in the labor market like low educated or low qualified individuals, and in regions with unfavorable economic conditions. Third, the analysis considers the effectiveness of start-up programs for women. Due to higher preferences for flexible working hours and limited part-time jobs, unemployed women often face more difficulties to integrate in dependent employment. It can be shown that start-up subsidy programs are very promising as unemployed women become self-employed which gives them more flexibility to reconcile work and family. Overall, the results suggest that the promotion of self-employment among the unemployed is a sensible strategy to fight unemployment by abolishing labor market barriers for disadvantaged groups and sustainably integrating those into the labor market. The next chapter of the dissertation considers the impact of marginal employment on labor market outcomes of the unemployed. Unemployed individuals in Germany are allowed to earn additional income during unemployment without suffering a reduction in their unemployment benefits. Those additional earnings are usually earned by taking up so-called marginal employment that is employment below a certain income level subject to reduced payroll taxes (also known as “mini-job”). The dissertation provides an empirical evaluation of the impact of marginal employment on unemployment duration and subsequent job quality. The results suggest that being marginal employed during unemployment has no significant effect on unemployment duration but extends employment duration. Moreover, it can be shown that taking up marginal employment is particularly effective for long-term unemployed, leading to higher job-finding probabilities and stronger job stability. It seems that mini-jobs can be an effective instrument to help long-term unemployed individuals to find (stable) jobs which is particularly interesting given the persistently high shares of long-term unemployed in European countries. Finally, the dissertation provides an empirical evaluation of the effectiveness of ALMP programs to improve labor market prospects of unemployed youth. Youth are generally considered a population at risk as they have lower search skills and little work experience compared to adults. This results in above-average turnover rates between jobs and unemployment for youth which is particularly sensitive to economic fluctuations. Therefore, countries spend significant resources on ALMP programs to fight youth unemployment. However, so far only little is known about the effectiveness of ALMP for unemployed youth and with respect to Germany no comprehensive quantitative analysis exists at all. Considering seven different ALMP programs, the results show an overall positive picture with respect to post-treatment employment probabilities for all measures under scrutiny except for job creation schemes. With respect to effect heterogeneity, it can be shown that almost all programs particularly improve the labor market prospects of youths with high levels of pretreatment schooling. Furthermore, youths who are assigned to the most successful employment measures have much better characteristics in terms of their pre-treatment employment chances compared to non-participants. Therefore, the program assignment process seems to favor individuals for whom the measures are most beneficial, indicating a lack of ALMP alternatives that could benefit low-educated youths.
Zur Verbesserung der Arbeitsmarktchancen arbeitsloser Personen und damit zur Bekämpfung von Arbeitslosigkeit werden innerhalb der Europäischen Union jedes Jahr beträchtliche Summen für Maßnahmen der aktiven Arbeitsmarktpolitik (AAP) aufgewendet. Vor diesem Hintergrund ergibt sich die Frage nach der Effektivität dieser Programme. Obwohl in den vergangenen Jahren zahlreiche empirische Evaluationsstudien durchgeführt und hierdurch wesentliche Erkenntnisse über die Wirksamkeit von AAP gewonnen wurden, bestehen noch stets unerforschte bzw. nur unzureichend erforschte Bereiche, wie zum Beispiel für innovative Programme oder für Untergruppen am Arbeitsmarkt. Hierin liegt der Beitrag der Dissertationsschrift. Am Beispiel von Deutschland werden neue Erkenntnisse zur Wirksamkeit der Existenzgründungsförderung, der geringfügigen Beschäftigung sowie der Programme für arbeitslose Jugendliche geliefert. Mit Einführung des Existenzgründungszuschusses (Ich-AG) im Rahmen der Hartz-Reformen, standen gründungswilligen Arbeitslosen, zusammen mit dem bereits seit Mitte der Achtziger Jahre bekannten Überbrückungsgeld, zwischen 2003 und 2006 zwei Förderprogramme zur Verfügung. Beide Programme umfassen eine monetäre Förderung während der Gründungsphase, um arbeitslosen Personen den Weg in die berufliche Selbständigkeit zu erleichtern. Die Analyse der beiden Programme zeigt deutlich, dass die intendierten Ziele, d.h. die Verbesserung der Beschäftigungschancen sowie der Einkommenssituation der Teilnehmer, erreicht wurden. Es zeigt sich weiter, dass beide Programme insbesondere effektiv für benachteiligte Gruppen am Arbeitsmarkt, wie z.B. Geringqualifizierte, sowie in Regionen mit eher schlechten ökonomischen Bedingungen sind. Aber auch die getrennte Analyse für Frauen zieht eine positive Bilanz. Hier erweist sich die Förderung als besonders wirksam, da die berufliche Selbständigkeit (im Gegensatz zur abh. Beschäftigung) anscheinend eine bessere Vereinbarkeit von Familie und Beruf ermöglicht. Abschließend lässt sich somit feststellen, dass die Förderung der beruflichen Selbständigkeit eine sinnvolle Strategie darstellt, da insbesondere bestehende Hürden für benachteiligte Gruppen am Arbeitsmarkt beseitigt und diese Personen langfristig in den Arbeitsmarkt integriert werden. Im nächsten Abschnitt der Dissertationsschrift wird die Aufnahme einer geringfügigen Beschäftigung während der Arbeitslosigkeit untersucht. In Deutschland können arbeitslose Personen bis zu 15 Stunden/Woche eine Beschäftigung aufnehmen, wobei ein Zuverdienst bis 165 Euro/Monat keine Auswirkung auf den Bezug von Arbeitslosengeld hat. Hierzu greifen arbeitslose Personen insbesondere auf die geringfügige Beschäftigung (genannt „Mini-Job“) zurück, da diese für die Arbeitslosen selbst abgabenfrei ist und Arbeitgeber nur einen reduzierten Beitrag zur Sozialversicherung sowie Einkommensteuer zahlen. Das erhöhte Einkommensniveau während der Arbeitslosigkeit sowie der enge Kontakt zum Arbeitsmarkt können unterschiedliche Wirkungen generieren. Es zeigt sich, dass die Aufnahme einer geringfügigen Beschäftigung grundsätzlich keinen signifikanten Einfluss auf die Arbeitslosigkeitsdauer hat, jedoch im Anschluss an die Arbeitslosigkeit zu längeren Beschäftigungsphasen führt. Die Untersuchung der Effektheterogenität zeigt, dass die geringfügige Beschäftigung während der Arbeitslosigkeit die Arbeitslosigkeitsdauer für Langzeitarbeitslose verkürzt und zu insgesamt stabileren Beschäftigungsphasen für diese Personengruppe führt. Das Ergebnis ist von hoher politischer Relevanz, da die Möglichkeit einer Zusatzbeschäftigung während der Arbeitslosigkeit anscheinend ein effektives Instrument zur Bekämpfung von Langzeitarbeitslosigkeit darstellt. Abschließend beschäftigt sich die Dissertationsschrift mit der Untersuchung der Effektivität von AAP zur Verbesserung der Arbeitsmarktchancen von arbeitslosen Jugendlichen. Jugendliche sind im Gegensatz zu Erwachsenen häufiger von Arbeitslosigkeit betroffen, da sie über geringere Such- bzw. Arbeitserfahrung verfügen. Die Bekämpfung von Jugendarbeitslosigkeit steht daher im Fokus der AAP. Vor diesem Hintergrund ist es erstaunlich, dass bisher nur wenig über die Wirksamkeit von AAP für arbeitslose Jugendliche bekannt ist bzw. für Deutschland hierzu noch überhaupt keine Erkenntnisse existieren. Die Dissertationsschrift liefert nun erstmalig Evidenz zur Wirksamkeit von AAP für arbeitslose Jugendliche in Deutschland. Die untersuchten Programme (außer Arbeitsbeschaffungsmaßnahmen) erhöhen die Beschäftigungswahrscheinlichkeit der Teilnehmer gegenüber den Nicht-Teilnehmern. Allerdings zeigt sich auch, dass arbeitslose Jugendliche ohne bzw. mit Hauptschulabschluss weniger von einer Programmteilnahme profitieren als Jugendliche mit einer höheren Schulbildung. Hier scheint noch Optimierungsbedarf zu bestehen, indem die Ausgestaltung der AAP stärker auf die Bedürfnisse von geringqualifizierten Jugendlichen eingehen sollte.
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Thorburn, Patricia Jane. "Effect of non-starch hydrocolloids on starch processing." Thesis, University of Birmingham, 2003. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.423624.

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Hansson, Annie. "Stark Spectroscopy, Lifetimes and Coherence Effects in Diatomic Molecular Systems." Doctoral thesis, Stockholm : Department of Physics, Stockholm University, 2005. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:su:diva-650.

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Wisniewski, John Patrick. "The effect of age and metallicity on Be circumstellar disk formation /." See Full Text at OhnioLINK ETD Center (Requires Adobe Acrobat Reader for viewing), 2005. http://www.ohiolink.edu/etd/view.cgi?acc%5Fnum=toledo1124412024.

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Thesis (Ph.D.)--University of Toledo, 2005.
Typescript. "A dissertation [submitted] as partial fulfillment of the requirements of the Doctor of Philosophy degree in Physics." Bibliography: leaves 328-333.
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Donon, Jeremy. "Caractérisation de paires d’ions par spectroscopies IR, UV et rayons X, interprétées par calculs de chimie quantique." Thesis, université Paris-Saclay, 2020. http://www.theses.fr/2020UPASS106.

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Les paires d'ions sont omniprésentes dans la nature, depuis l'eau de mer, les aérosols, jusqu'aux organismes vivants. Elles influencent les propriétés des solutions concentrées en ions, et jouent ainsi un rôle majeur dans divers réactions chimiques et processus biologiques. Cependant, la caractérisation des paires d’ions se heurte à une double difficulté : d'une part, plusieurs types de paires coexistent, et d'autre part, ce sont des espèces transitoires en solution. Dans ce contexte, ce travail présente plusieurs études menées selon trois axes de recherche principaux grâce à une approche originale en phase gazeuse, puis en solution. Le premier axe consiste à étudier les effets du champ électrique produit par la paire d’ions sur la spectroscopie d’un chromophore UV en phase gazeuse (effets Stark). Les groupes ioniques sont capables de produire un champ électrique suffisamment élevé pour induire des effets Stark électroniques significatifs sur un chromophore UV situé à proximité. Cette étude est menée sur des systèmes modèles de formule générale (C₆H₅-(CH₂)n₋COO⁻,M⁺) avec M = Li, Na, K, Rb, Cs et n = 1-3, permettant de faire varier le champ électrique ressenti par le chromophore UV. Ces différents systèmes sont étudiés en phase gazeuse par spectroscopie UV combinée à des calculs de chimie quantique, ainsi que par des expériences de spectroscopie IR sélective en conformation. Grâce à cette approche, des attributions conformationnelles précises peuvent être proposées pour des transitions électroniques séparées de quelques cm-1, sur la base de l’analyse des effets Stark observés sur le spectre UV, sans recourir à la spectroscopie IR, ni aux calculs de fréquences. Il s’agit ensuite de comprendre les effets d’environnement sur les paires d’ions par des expériences de microsolvatation en phase gazeuse. La paire d’ions d’acétate de sodium [CH₃-COO⁻,Na⁺] est étudiée pour la première fois dans un complexe trimère avec le p-xylène par spectroscopie IR. Des expériences de microhydratation sont ensuite réalisées sur des paires d’ions chargées ([CH₃-COO⁻,M²⁺] ; M = Ca, Ba), mettant en évidence deux comportements différents en fonction de la nature du dication. Les différentes expériences montrent que la signature IR du groupement carboxylate est sensible à son environnement proche, mais également à l’environnement du cation qui lui est apparié. Le dernier axe consiste à détecter et identifier les structures formées par les ions dans les solutions électrolytiques par spectroscopies IR et RX. Une première analyse est effectuée sur des solutions électrolytiques ([CH₃-COO⁻,M⁺] ; M = Li, Na et K) par spectroscopie IR-TF en variant la concentration en ions. Une étude théorique est ensuite réalisée dans l’objectif de proposer un spectre théorique pour chaque type de paires, et de les confronter aux spectres expérimentaux en solution. L’approche repose sur le calcul de la signature IR de paires ([CH₃-COO⁻,M⁺] ; M = Li, Na, K, Rb et Cs) et de l’anion libre, entourés successivement de molécules d’eau explicites décrites au niveau chimie quantique, puis au niveau champ de force et enfin par un modèle de solvant continu. Pour chaque type de paires, des familles spectroscopiques compatibles avec les données expérimentales sont identifiées. Cette approche originale ouvre la voie vers l’identification des structures supramoléculaires dans les solutions électrolytiques. Enfin, la première expérience FZRET en micro-jet liquide est réalisée sur une solution d’acétate de potassium, donnant accès à une mesure de la distribution des distances entre cations et anions appariés. Au cours de ces études, différentes méthodes sont employées allant de l’expérience à la théorie, de la phase gazeuse à la solution. Cette thèse illustre la nécessité de combiner plusieurs méthodes afin d’obtenir des données complémentaires permettant une meilleure caractérisation de l’organisation supramoléculaire des ions et de leur environnement
Ion pairs are ubiquitous in nature, from sea water, aerosols, to living organisms. They influence the properties of concentrated ion solutions, and thus play a crucial role in various chemical reactions and biological processes. However, the characterization of ion pairs faces some difficulties: on one hand, several types of pairs coexist, and on the other hand, they are transient species in solution. In this context, this work presents several studies carried out according to three main research studies, backed by an original approach in the gas phase, and then in solution. Firstly, the effects of the electric field produced by the ion pair on the UV spectroscopy of a chromophore in gas phase (Stark effects) are studied. The ion groups can produce an electric field high enough to induce significant electronic Stark effects on a nearby UV chromophore. This study is conducted on model systems (C₆H₅-(CH₂)n-COO⁻,M⁺) with M = Li, Na, K, Rb, Cs and n = 1-3, allowing to vary the electric field experienced by the UV chromophore. These different systems are studied in the gas phase by UV spectroscopy combined with quantum chemistry calculations, as well as by conformation selective IR spectroscopy. Based on the analysis of the electronic Stark effects, precise conformational assignments can be proposed for electronic transitions separated by a few cm-1, without resorting to IR spectroscopy, or frequency calculations. The next study is focused mainly on understanding the environmental effects on ion pairs by microsolvation experiments in gas phase. The pair of sodium acetate ions [CH₃-COO⁻,Na⁺] is studied for the first time in a trimer complex with p-xylene by IR spectroscopy. Microhydration experiments are then carried out on charged ion pairs ([CH₃-COO⁻,M²⁺]; M = Ca, Ba), highlighting two different behaviours depending on the nature of the cation. The final research is to detect and identify the structures formed by the ions in electrolytic solutions by IR and RX spectroscopy. The first experiment is carried out on electrolytic solutions ([CH₃-COO⁻,M⁺]; M = Li, Na and K) by TF-IR spectroscopy by varying the ion concentration. A theoretical study is then carried out in order to propose a theoretical spectrum for each type of pair, and to confront them with experimental spectra in solution. The approach is based on the calculation of the IR signature of pairs ([CH₃-COO⁻,M⁺]; M = Li, Na, K, Rb and Cs) and free anion in solution, where the first solvation layer were described at the quantum level, followed by a solvent continuum. For each type of pair, spectroscopic families, consistent with the experimental data, are identified. This original approach paves way to the identification of supramolecular structures in electrolytic solutions. Finally, the first FZRET experiment in liquid micro-jet is carried out on a potassium acetate solution, providing access to a measurement of the distance distribution between cations and paired anions.In these studies, different methods are used ranging from experiment to theory, from the gas phase to solution. This work illustrates the need to combine several methods in order to obtain additional data and allow a better characterization of the supramolecular organisation of ions and their environment
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7

Tananuwong, Kanitha. "Effect of gelatinization on starch-water interactions /." For electronic version search Digital dissertations database. Restricted to UC campuses. Access is free to UC campus dissertations, 2004. http://uclibs.org/PID/11984.

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Mitchell, Angela. "The effect of temperature on starch synthesis." Thesis, University of Cambridge, 1995. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.243060.

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Lynn, Andrew. "The effect of processing on starch granules." Thesis, Heriot-Watt University, 1992. http://hdl.handle.net/10399/1503.

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Lhuissier, Jean-François. "Etude de raies d'argon ionisé élargies par effet Stark." Rouen, 1987. http://www.theses.fr/1987ROUES002.

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Etude expérimentale et théorique de l'élargissement par effet Stark de raies d'argon ionisé. Etude expérimentale des différents paramètres physiques de l'arc TIG utilisé. Mesure des largeurs de raies. Calcul numérique des largeurs en théorie semi-classique à l'aide de l'approximation impact. Comparaison critique des différents résultats
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Books on the topic "StARC effect"

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Štarkovo širenje spektralnih linija teških jona u spektrima toplih zvezda =: Stark broadening of heavy ion spectral lines in spectra of hot stars. Beograd: Astronomical Observatory, 1994.

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Štarkov pomak jonskih linja kod toplih zvezda =: Ion lines Stark shifts in spectra of hot stars. Beograd: Astronomical Observatory, Institut of Astronomical Research, 1989.

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The Entropy Effect. New York NY: Pocket Books, 1987.

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McIntyre, Vonda N. The entropy effect. New York: Pocket Books, 2006.

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McIntyre, Vonda N. The Entropy Effect. New York: Pocket Books, 2006.

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McIntyre, Vonda N. The Entropy Effect. New York: Pocket Books, 1988.

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McIntyre, Vonda N. The Entropy Effect. New York NY: Pocket Books, 2006.

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McIntyre, Vonda N. The Entropy Effect. New York: Simon & Schuster, 1989.

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McIntyre, Vonda N. The Entropy Effect. New York NY: Pocket Books, 1985.

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Gaisser, Thomas K. High energy neutrino absorption and its effect on stars in close X-ray binaries. Greenbelt, Md: National Aeronautics and Space Administration, Goddard Space Flight Center, 1986.

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Book chapters on the topic "StARC effect"

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Hentschel, Klaus. "Stark Effect." In Compendium of Quantum Physics, 738–42. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-540-70626-7_209.

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Gooch, Jan W. "Stark Effect." In Encyclopedic Dictionary of Polymers, 697. New York, NY: Springer New York, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4419-6247-8_11157.

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Rehak, Bob. "Shooting Stars." In Special Effects, 196–209. London: British Film Institute, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-84457-904-4_14.

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Kastberg, Anders. "The Stark Effect." In Structure of Multielectron Atoms, 257–72. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-36420-5_12.

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Schwabl, Franz. "Zeeman-Effekt und Stark-Effekt." In Quantenmechanik, 243–53. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 1993. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-662-12867-1_14.

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Schwabl, Franz. "Zeeman-Effekt und Stark-Effekt." In Quantenmechanik, 243–53. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 1992. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-662-09626-0_14.

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Schwabl, Franz. "Zeeman-Effekt und Stark-Effekt." In Quantenmechanik, 231–41. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 1990. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-662-09627-7_14.

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Schwabl, Franz. "Zeeman-Effekt und Stark-Effekt." In Quantenmechanik, 231–41. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 1988. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-662-09628-4_14.

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Schwabl, Franz. "Zeeman-Effekt und Stark-Effekt." In Quantenmechanik (QM I), 259–70. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2002. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-662-09629-1_14.

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Schwabl, Franz. "Zeeman-Effekt und Stark-Effekt." In Springer-Lehrbuch, 259–70. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 1998. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-662-22375-8_14.

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Conference papers on the topic "StARC effect"

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Pieri, Matthew M., and Hugo Martel. "Feedback and its Feedback Effect on Feedback." In FIRST STARS III: First Stars II Conference. American Institute of Physics, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.2905652.

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Bryan, Greg L., Ian D. McGreer, Andrei Mesinger, and Zoltán Haiman. "Feedback Effects on Population III Star Formation." In FIRST STARS III: First Stars II Conference. American Institute of Physics, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.2905582.

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Muijres, L., and A. de Koter. "The Effect of Clumping on Predictions of the Mass‐Loss Rate of Early‐Type Stars." In FIRST STARS III: First Stars II Conference. American Institute of Physics, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.2905543.

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Freese, Katherine, Paolo Gondolo, and Douglas Spolyar. "The Effect of Dark Matter on the First Stars: A New Phase of Stellar Evolution." In FIRST STARS III: First Stars II Conference. American Institute of Physics, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.2905656.

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Lesche, Bernhard, and M. L. Bedran. "Second harmonic Stark effect." In 15th Int'l Optics in Complex Sys. Garmisch, FRG, edited by F. Lanzl, H. J. Preuss, and G. Weigelt. SPIE, 1990. http://dx.doi.org/10.1117/12.22292.

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Ricotti, Massimo. "Effects of Radiation Backgrounds on the Formation of Population III Stars." In FIRST STARS III: First Stars II Conference. American Institute of Physics, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.2905581.

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Hernández, J. I. González, P. Bonifacio, H. ‐G Ludwig, E. Caffau, M. Spite, F. Spite, R. Cayrel, et al. "CS 22876–032: The Most Metal‐Poor Dwarfs. Abundances and 3D Effects." In FIRST STARS III: First Stars II Conference. American Institute of Physics, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.2905534.

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Ellerbrock, Brent L. "Closed-loop wavefront reconstruction using multiple laser guide stars." In OSA Annual Meeting. Washington, D.C.: Optica Publishing Group, 1991. http://dx.doi.org/10.1364/oam.1991.fr1.

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The performance of an adaptive optics system using a single laser guide star is constrained by laser guide star anisoplanatism and the characteristics of available lasers. Improved performance is theoretically achievable through the use of multiple laser guide stars. Earlier results on wavefront reconstruction in laser guide star systems1 are extended to this more general case. General reconstruction algorithms are evaluated using a linear systems model which accounts for the partially correlated effects of laser guide star anisoplanatism, laser guide star position uncertainty, wavefront sensor noise, deformable mirror fitting error, aperture edge effects and control loop servo bandwidth. Reconstructor wavefront estimation accuracy is optimized subject to linear constraints imposed to insure control loop stability. Reconstructor performance is quantified in terms of the optical system’s modulation transfer function for a system including a 3.5-m primary, a deformable mirror with from 341 to 771 actuators, and a constellation of one or several laser guide stars. The addition of a single, low power, resonant sodium guide star greatly improves the performance of a system using multiple Rayleigh backscatter laser guide stars.
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Hayat, Alex, Christoph Lange, Lee A. Rozema, Ardavan Darabi, Henry M. van Driel, Aephraim M. Steinberg, Bryan Nelsen, David W. Snoke, Loren N. Pfeiffer, and Kenneth W. West. "Exciton-Polariton Dynamic Stark Effect." In Frontiers in Optics. Washington, D.C.: OSA, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1364/fio.2012.ftu5d.3.

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Friedman, Herbert. "Generation of a Sodium Guidestar Using a High Power Dye Laser*." In Adaptive Optics for Large Telescopes. Washington, D.C.: Optica Publishing Group, 1992. http://dx.doi.org/10.1364/aolt.1992.afa4.

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Sodium laser guide stars have been proposed1,2 as a means to correct for the effects of atmospheric turbulence in large astronomical telescopes. Several groups3-6 have produced such guide stars, but as yet, none has been able to close a control loop for an adaptive optics system using this means largely because of the limited power available in the laser system. In this paper, the effort to utilize a high power laser system developed by LLNL for laser isotope separation, for the generation of a sodium guide star, is described.
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Reports on the topic "StARC effect"

1

Ichniowski, Casey, and Anne Preston. Do Star Performers Produce More Stars? Peer Effects and Learning in Elite Teams. Cambridge, MA: National Bureau of Economic Research, September 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.3386/w20478.

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Niemczyk, Thomas M. Infrared Stark Effect Spectroscopy for Interface Characterization. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, November 2002. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada428899.

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Garces, Eliana, Duncan Thomas, and Janet Currie. Longer Term Effects of Head Start. Cambridge, MA: National Bureau of Economic Research, December 2000. http://dx.doi.org/10.3386/w8054.

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Ginja, Rita, Christine Farquharson, Gabriella Conti, and Sarah Cattan. The health effects of Sure Start. The IFS, June 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1920/re.ifs.2019.0155.

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Levinton, F. M. The multichannel motional Stark effect diagnostic on TFTR. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), July 1992. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/10165998.

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Levinton, F. M. The multichannel motional Stark effect diagnostic on TFTR. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), July 1992. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/7046934.

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Levinton, Fred. The Motional Stark Effect Diagnostic for NSTX-U. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), January 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/1842458.

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Fornek, T., V. Guarino, H. Spinka, and D. Underwood. Thermal effects on the STAR electromagnetic calorimeter. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), July 1994. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/10107488.

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Bitler, Marianne, Hilary Hoynes, and Thurston Domina. Experimental Evidence on Distributional Effects of Head Start. Cambridge, MA: National Bureau of Economic Research, August 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.3386/w20434.

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Holcomb, C. T., S. Allen, R. F. Ellis, R. Geer, R. J. Jayakumar, K. Morris, M. A. Makowski, J. M. Moller, and L. Seppala. Motional Stark Effect Diagnostic Expansion for the DIII-D Tokamak. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), August 2005. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/1343023.

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