Academic literature on the topic 'STAR Collaboration'
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Journal articles on the topic "STAR Collaboration"
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Abdelwahab, N. M., L. Adamczyk, J. K. Adkins, G. Agakishiev, M. M. Aggarwal, Z. Ahammed, I. Alekseev, et al. "STAR Collaboration." Nuclear Physics A 931 (November 2014): 1237–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0375-9474(14)00569-7.
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Abdelwahab, N. M., L. Adamczyk, J. K. Adkins, G. Agakishiev, M. M. Aggarwal, Z. Ahammed, I. Alekseev, et al. "STAR Collaboration." Nuclear Physics A 932 (December 2014): 634–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0375-9474(14)00605-8.
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Adamczyk, L., J. K. Adkins, G. Agakishiev, M. M. Aggarwal, Z. Ahammed, I. Alekseev, A. Aparin, et al. "STAR Collaboration." Nuclear Physics A 956 (December 2016): 971–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0375-9474(16)30235-4.
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Adamczyk, L., J. K. Adkins, G. Agakishiev, M. M. Aggarwal, Z. Ahammed, I. Alekseev, A. Aparin, et al. "STAR Collaboration." Nuclear Physics A 967 (November 2017): 1007–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0375-9474(17)30384-6.
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Adam, J., L. Adamczyk, J. R. Adams, J. K. Adkins, G. Agakishiev, M. M. Aggarwal, Z. Ahammed, et al. "STAR Collaboration." Nuclear Physics A 982 (February 2019): 1063–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0375-9474(19)30014-4.
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Adam, J., L. Adamczyk, J. R. Adams, J. K. Adkins, G. Agakishiev, M. M. Aggarwal, Z. Ahammed, et al. "STAR Collaboration." Nuclear Physics A 1005 (January 2021): 122096. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0375-9474(20)30421-8.
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Abelev, B. I., J. Adams, M. M. Aggarwal, Z. Ahammed, J. Amonett, B. D. Anderson, M. Anderson, et al. "STAR Collaboration." Nuclear Physics A 774 (August 2006): 956–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.nuclphysa.2006.07.017.
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Adamczyk, L., G. Agakishiev, M. M. Aggarwal, Z. Ahammed, A. V. Alakhverdyants, I. Alekseev, J. Alford, et al. "The STAR Collaboration." Nuclear Physics A 904-905 (May 2013): 1088c—1091c. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.nuclphysa.2013.02.198.
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Abelev, B. I., M. M. Aggarwal, Z. Ahammed, A. V. Alakhverdyants, B. D. Anderson, D. Arkhipkin, G. S. Averichev, et al. "The STAR Collaboration." Nuclear Physics A 830, no. 1-4 (November 2009): 969c—971c. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.nuclphysa.2009.10.156.
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Hallman, T. "Highlighting the STAR Collaboration." Science 310, no. 5756 (December 23, 2005): 1904. http://dx.doi.org/10.1126/science.310.5756.1904.
Full textDissertations / Theses on the topic "STAR Collaboration"
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Webster, Kasey Johnson. "Using STAR-CCM+ to Evaluate Multi-User Collaboration in CFD." BYU ScholarsArchive, 2015. https://scholarsarchive.byu.edu/etd/6094.
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The client-server architecture of STAR-CCM+ allows multiple users to collaborate on a simulation set-up. The effectiveness of collaboration with this architecture is tested and evaluated on five models. The testing of these models is a start to finish set-up of an entire simulation excluding computational time for generating mesh and solving the solution. The different models have distinct differences which test every operation that would be used in a general CFD simulation. These tests focus on reducing the time spent preparing the geometry to be meshed, including setting up for a conformal mesh between multiple regions in conjugate heat transfer models. Results from these five tests show a maximum speed up of 36%.
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Aldstadt, David. "Imaginary co-signatures: collaboration, authorship, and star personae in films by Marcel Carne with Arletty and by Jean Cocteau with Jean Marais." The Ohio State University, 2002. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1371473066.
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Aldstadt, David. "Imaginary co-signatures : collaboration, authorship, and star personae in films by Marcel Carné with Arletty and by Jean Cocteau with Jean Marais /." The Ohio State University, 2002. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1486402957195597.
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Sedgwick, Donna Ann. "To Work Together or Not? Examining Public-Public Program Collaboration Between Head Start and the Virginia Preschool Initiative." Diss., Virginia Tech, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/73503.
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This dissertation investigates public-public program collaboration (PPPC) between Head Start and the Virginia Preschool Initiative and asks why and how, and to what extent PPPC occurs between these preschool programs. To frame an understanding of PPPC, the dissertation assays collaborative process dimensions, collaborative management techniques, and degrees of collaborative activity. In-depth interviews with Head Start and VPI administrators result in the analysis of 16 Head Start-VPI dyadic relationships and places the focus of this research on the micro-level actions of the program administrators. Each Head Start-VPI dyad is assigned a degree of collaborative activity along a continuum ranging from no relationship (one dyad), cooperation (four dyads), coordination (six dyads), or collaboration (five dyads), and is assessed in terms of the presence or absence of the collaborative process dimensions of governance, administration, organizational autonomy, norms of trust, and mutuality. Qualitative comparative analysis (QCA) is used to identify the underlying process dimensions that comprise collaboration at the varying degrees of collaborative activity. Collaborating dyads generally are found to exhibit all of the process dimensions, where the no relationship and cooperating dyads exhibit relatively few of the process dimensions. Coordinating dyads typically have strong structural dimensions but weak mutuality, or strong social capital dimensions, but weak administration. The dissertation shows how public administrators engage the collaborative management techniques of activating, framing, mobilizing, and synthesizing, and finds variation in management techniques across types of collaborative activities. It also argues for activation activity to include "history of collaboration" stories and identifies six framing types that intersect at being collaborative or non-collaborative in focus and mature or immature. The dissertation concludes with recommendations for current preschool administrators and future scholarship.Ph. D.
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Dalex, Karl. "Incubateurs, start-up et partenariats." Thesis, Strasbourg, 2020. http://www.theses.fr/2020STRAB003.
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La start-up, définie comme un état transitoire durant lequel un individu ou un groupe d’individus en manque de ressources et en condition de forte incertitude est à la recherche d’un business model scalable doit faire face à de nombreux enjeux. Les collaborations avec des entreprises matures apparaissent comme un catalyseur pour le développement de ces jeunes entreprises innovantes. Accompagnée pour la majorité d’entre elles par des incubateurs, cette thèse propose de plonger dans les pratiques de ces structures en termes d’accompagnement des entrepreneurs sur le sujet de la collaboration. Ainsi à travers une méthodologie empirique basée sur une étude de cas nous montrons que les collaborations impactent la start-up suscitant des changements de Business Model importants tout au long de son développement. Notre seconde étude empirique sur une population d’incubateurs en France montre qu’il ne se dégage aucune tendance générale dans les pratiques d’accompagnement sur le sujet de la collaboration. En parallèle, il se dessine qu’au sein d’une même structure chaque pratique est dépendante de l’accompagnant. Nos résultats permettent dans un premier temps de mettre en avant les impacts que peuvent avoir les collaborations sur le développement de la start-up à travers les changements de Business Model qu’elles engendrent. Notre étude permet également de mieux appréhender les différentes pratiques d’accompagnement mises en place par les incubateurs et de proposer des recommandations à l’attention des dirigeants de structures d’accompagnementStart-up defined as a transitional state during which an individual or a group of individuals in need of resources and under conditions of high uncertainty are looking for a scalable business model and must face many challenges. Collaborations with mature companies appear to be a catalyst for the development of these young innovative companies. Supporting for the majority of them by incubators, this thesis proposes to dive into the practices of these structures with the entrepreneurs followed on the subject of collaboration. First, and through an empirical methodology based on a case study, we show that collaborations impact start-ups by driving significant business model changes throughout their development. Once this observation has been established, our second empirical study on a population of incubators in France shows that there is no general trend in support practices on the subject of collaboration. At the same time, it is clear that within the structures themselves, each practice is dependent on the support person. Thus, each of the structures is characterized by an absence of harmony between the different practices. Our results first highlight the impacts that collaborations can have on the development of the start-up through the changes in the Business Model they generate. In a second step, our study allows us to better understand the different support practices implemented by incubators and to propose recommendations for the managers of support structures
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Reyes-Gonzalez, Leonardo. "Research Collaboration, Academic Stars and the Evolution of Science Systems." Research Showcase @ CMU, 2012. http://repository.cmu.edu/dissertations/87.
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The important growth in research collaboration is generating increasing attention by research administrators and policy makers. There is much interest in improving our understanding of the nature, dynamics and impact of this cooperation in science. This thesis contributes to this area in three dimensions. First, it proposes a novel method by which one can characterize and assess research collaboration, which takes into consideration the self-organizing process of scientific collaboration. Second, building partially on the new method, it studies how research collaboration, in particular research groups and scientific stars, influence the nurturing of new researchers that enter a scientific system. Finally, it explores in detail what the new researchers look for, and find, in their early collaborations. The field of physics and related areas (including applied physics, material sciences and optics) in Mexico is used to look at these issues.
The proposed evaluation method uses self-organizing characteristics of science to identify and compare relevant units of analysis. To characterize groups, the thesis exploits the patterns of collaboration and develops a method that identifies and benchmarks research groups. Collaboration patterns of researchers are used to identify the frontiers of the focal research units and the backward citation patterns are employed to establish relevant benchmark units for each focal unit. The results suggest that the definition of the unit of analysis affects our understanding of the position a research institutions has within the Science Technology and Innovation (ST&I) System and provides evidence that the performance of Mexican institutions in Physics is highly heterogeneous within institutions. This is important because research administrators and policy makers need to take into account this heterogeneity when assessing the ST&I system.
The second contribution of this thesis is an investigation of how different forms of scientific collaboration early on in the career of a researcher relate to his or her future publication and citation rates, and their likelihood of becoming a leading scientist. In particular it quantifies the effect of collaborative research environments, such as prominent scientists or research groups (identified using the method developed in the thesis), on new scholars. This study shows that eminent scientists have an important role in the development of a scientific system (especially within the context of an emerging economy) in terms of publications and citations. In particular it finds that these stars have a positive and significant effect on the productivity and impact of young researchers, as well as on their likelihood of also becoming leading scientists. In addition, early collaboration with a highly productive research group and the leader of this group also contributes to superior productivity performance by scientists.
Third, this thesis explores how budding scientists, some of which became highly accomplished researchers, used their collaborations with other top scientists and research groups early in their career. This works finds that researchers who later became star scientists focus on acquiring new ideas and knowledge through early interactions with other scientists, particularly foreign collaborators and existing stars, whereas those less prominent focus on accessing resources and only learning “basic” research kills, like publishing.
Finally, this thesis provides important insights for policy makers by showing the significance research collaboration has in the development of ST&I of an emerging economy. In addition, this work highlights the importance of endogenously defining the unit of analysis and taking into account the heterogeneity within the system when making assessments of the ST&I system. Furthermore, this dissertation shows the relevance scientific stars surrounded by nurturing environments have in the progress of science, as well as the importance cooperation with these scientists and foreign collaboration has in exposing young faculty to new ideas.
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Ambrosino, Julien. "Apports de l’hybridation de méthodes de créativité pour l’émergence de projets collaboratifs d’innovation dans les pôles et clusters : proposition de la méthodologie de facilitation d’ateliers STAR et de l’outil de brainstorming électronique IdeaValuation." Thesis, Bordeaux, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018BORD0094/document.
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Dans le contexte spécifique de coopétition entre les membres des clusters, l'émergence de projets collaboratifs innovants est une question clé pour les adhérents et les structures permanentes des clusters. Compte-tenu des écosystèmes hétérogènes qui évoluent au sein des clusters, la stratégie d'Interclustering qui est menée pour créer de nouveaux types de projets intersectoriels nécessite de nouveaux outils appropriés pour soutenir l'émergence d'idées innovantes et créatives. De fortes synergies sont mises en évidence grâce à l'animation de clubs d'innovation impliquant des participants provenant des milieux industriels, académiques, scientifiques et des structures de développement économiqueIn the specific context of coopetition between members of clusters, innovative collaborative projects emergence is a key issue for members and clusters. Given the heterogeneous ecosystems that evolve within the clusters, the interclustering strategy which is conducted to create new types of cross-sectoral projects require new appropriate tools to support creative and new ideas emergence. Strong synergies are highlighted through the use of the discovering matrix and 9 screens tools. These links help facilitators of clusters to optimize the preparation and animation of creative sessions. Strong synergies are highlighted through the animation of innovative clubs involving participants from industrial, academic, scientific and economic development organizations
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Andersson, Stina, Charlotte Cohn, and Mathilda Eriksson. "Ensam är inte stark : En kvalitativ fallstudie om interkommunal samverkan." Thesis, Linnéuniversitetet, Institutionen för organisation och entreprenörskap (OE), 2016. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:lnu:diva-53032.
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Interkommunal samverkan är framhållen som en lösning på små kommuners utmaningar med att uppfylla sina åtaganden och tillgodose medborgarnas behov med begränsade resurser. Urbanisering och demografisk utveckling bidrar till att interkommunal samverkan blir ett allt mer ökande fenomen bland små kommuner i Sverige. Interkommunal samverkan är ett förhållandevis ostuderat område, syftet med studien är därför att öka förståelsen för interkommunal samverkan och de faktorer som kan påverka samarbetet mellan kommunerna. Genom en induktiv forskningsansats och kvalitativ fallstudie har vi studerat fenomenet interkommunal samverkan mellan två små kommuner i södra Sverige som ingått samverkan genom avtal. Det empiriska insamlade materialet har vi sedan sammanställt och utifrån resultatet valt teorier för att öka förståelsen för fenomenet. Utfallet av studien har visat att samverkan är komplext och de svårigheter som har identifierats kan relateras till följande områden: otydliga ansvarsområden och arbetsfördelning i avtalet, brist på kommunikation och information till medarbetarna, kommunernas olika förutsättningar samt medarbetarnas avsaknad av en närvarande chef och ledare. Vidare har vi formulerat förslag på åtgärder som kan förhindra svårigheterna. Innan samverkan ingås bör en konsekvensbedömning utföras för att kartlägga kommunernas syfte och mål med samverkan samt vilka resurstillgångar och förutsättningar kommunerna har för att samverka. Ansvarsfördelningen och specifika arbetsuppgifter bör tydligt beskrivas i avtalet för att undvika missförstånd och osäkerhet. Medarbetarna har en betydande roll i samverkan, och eftersom interkommunal samverkan ofta är ett top down-beslut är det viktigt att ledningen tar hänsyn till deras behovs och involverar medarbetarna i hela processen.Collaboration between small municipals have become a solution and necessity to overcome the challenges small municipals are experiencing and to fulfil their obligations. Due to urbanisation and demographical change, collaboration is an increasing phenomenon among small municipals in Sweden. The area is not particularly researched and the purpose of this study is to create a greater understanding of inter-municipal collaboration and identify factors that can affect the cooperation between the municipals. We have studied the phenomenon with an inductive research method and qualitative case study of two small municipals in Southern Sweden collaborating by a contract agreement. Everyone directly involved in the collaboration on different hierarchical levels in both organisations have been included in the research. Based on the result of our collected empirical material we have used with theories in order to increase our understanding of the phenomenon. The result of our research has proven that inter-municipal collaboration is complex and the main difficulties we have identified can be related to following areas: unclear division of responsibilities and tasks in the agreement, lack of communication and information to the co-workers, the municipals’ different assumptions and the absence of a manager and leader. We have composed suggestions to action that may prevent and avoid the difficulties. An impact assessment should be conducted before the collaboration is initiated in order to identify the purpose, objectives, resources and assumptions each municipal have. The division of responsibilities and tasks should be clearly specified in the agreement in order to avoid misunderstandings and uncertainty. The co-workers have a significant role in the collaboration and as inter-municipal collaboration often is a top down decision, it is important that the management take the co-workers' needs into consideration and involve the employees in the entire process.
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Peters, Sophie, and Caren Behrens. "Collaborative Innovation between Family Businesses and Start-Ups : An empirical study on how family business attributes influence the decision for collaborative innovation with start-ups." Thesis, Internationella Handelshögskolan, Jönköping University, IHH, Företagsekonomi, 2020. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hj:diva-48566.
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Abstract Background: Innovation is a key factor in the development of new businesses as well as in the sustainable success of existing organisations. Especially for family businesses, innovation is the main strategic instrument to ensure economic growth, prosperity, and transgenerational survival. However, many organisations are unable to achieve success by themselves; thus, collaborative innovation becomes increasingly important. While collaborative innovation with start-ups is highly promising for corporations, it remains unclear how feasible the decision for this approach is for family firms due to their distinct attributes. Purpose: This thesis aims to research how particular family business attributes influence the decision for collaborative innovation with start-ups. Thereby we contribute to existing academic literature and provide valuable insights for family firms to further increase their innovation potential. Method: To fulfil the purpose of this exploratory research study, secondary data, in the scope of a literature review as well as additional valuable sources and primary data, in the form of qualitative interviews, are gathered. The in-depth interviews allow us to collect responses on sensitive information on firm insights, while triangulation with secondary data enables us to generate a deep understanding of different perspectives significant to this study. In total, ten semi-structured interviews from six family businesses are conducted. Later, Grounded Theory is used for analysing the data. Conclusion: The results show that two of the examined attributes, namely risk aversion and unwillingness to collaborate with external partners, have a negative influence on the decision for collaborative innovation with start-ups. The other two attributes, long-term orientation and unwillingness to invest in innovation purposes both demonstrate ambivalent findings. Thus, their influence cannot be clearly evidenced in this study.
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Malek, Sheikh Al Najjaryn. "Förutsättningar för samverkan : En kvalitativ studie om förutsättningars betydelse för projektet Sluta skjut." Thesis, Malmö universitet, Malmö högskola, Institutionen för globala politiska studier (GPS), 2021. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:mau:diva-42906.
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This study aims to understand the importance of prerequisites for collaboration between public/political agencies with the help of literature about the concept of collaborative governance. The choice of using collaborative governance is based on the fact that the concept has not been applied to collaboration between the public/political actors before. This paper has the Swedish project Stop the shooting (Sluta skjut) as an example to understand the importance of prerequisites for collaboration between the Police, Probation Service, and Malmö municipality. With the help of this project, I will try to understand some of the promoting and hindering factors for collaboration in the studied project. To ascertain the prerequisites, I study will be interviewing representatives from the three mentioned actors. To study the importance of prerequisites I used Ansell & Gash's (2008) theory about starting conditions which includes three prerequisites that according to them can make or break any collaboration process. These prerequisites are power-resource balance, incentives for participation, and prehistory of collaboration. In addition, to examine how much these prerequisites mean for collaboration, I will also see if any prerequisites are of importance that Ansell & Gash (2008) do not mention. The result of the study concludes that Ansell & Gash's (2008) starting conditions are of big importance for a successful collaboration process and were of importance for deeming ‘Sluta skjut’ as a successful project. The conclusion of the study shows that there are two more important prerequisites in addition to Ansell & Gash (2008) that all actors should aim to fulfill before collaborating, these are the time aspects regarding implementation and understanding of the different logics for each actor.
Books on the topic "STAR Collaboration"
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Woods, Bob. Star Wars: the art of the brothers Hildebrandt. New York: Ballantine Pub. Group, 1997.
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Wang, Quan. Charge Multiplicity Asymmetry Correlation Study Searching for Local Parity Violation at RHIC for STAR Collaboration. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-00756-4.
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My lucky star: A novel. London: William Heinemann, 2006.
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My lucky star: A novel. New York: Little, Brown and Co., 2006.
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University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill. Smart Start Evaluation Team. Smart Start collaboration network analysis report. [Chapel Hill, N.C.]: FPG Child Development Center, 2000.
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Munsinger, Kim M. Collaborative law: Start to finish. Edited by State Bar of Texas. Austin, Texas: State Bar of Texas, 2014.
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Busacca, Maurizio, and Roberto Paladini. Collaboration Age. Venice: Fondazione Università Ca’ Foscari, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.30687/978-88-6969-424-0.
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Recently, public policies of urban regeneration have intensified and multiplied. They are being promoted with the aim to start social and economic dynamics within the local context which is subject to intervention. From the empirical analysis, we realise that such activities are mainly implemented by three subjects or by mixed coalitions (public institutions, actors of the third sector and companies). Within them, each player is moved by a multiplicity of interests and goals that go beyond their own nature – public interest, market and mutualism – and tend to redefine themselves, thus becoming hybrid forms of production of value (social, economic, cultural). By studying a number Italian and Catalan cases, this essay deals with the theory that, under specific conditions and configurations, a collaborative direction – of organization, production and design – would give life to successful procedures, even without the identification of a one-best-way. The collaboration is not simply a choice of operation, but a real production method which mobilises social resources to create hybrid solutions – between state, market and society – to complex issues that could not be faced solely with the use of the rationale of action of one among the three actors. In this framework, the systems of relations and interactions between players and shared capital become an essential condition for the success of every initiative of urban redevelopment, or failure thereof. Such initiatives are brought to life by the strategic role of individuals who foster connections as well as the dissemination of non-redundant information between social networks, and collective and individual actors which would otherwise be separated and barely able to communicate and collaborate with each other. In addition to the functions carried out by knowledge brokers, that have been extensively described in organisational studies and economic sociology, the aforementioned figures act as real social enzymes, that is to say, they handle the available information and function as catalysts of social processes of production of knowledge. Moreover, they increase the reaction speed, working on mechanisms which control the spontaneity.
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Detter, Andrea E. Ventures: University of Washington start-up companies & collaborations. Seattle, WA: University of Washington, Office of Research, 2000.
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United States. Office of Child Support Enforcement. Child support, child care, and Head Start collaboration: Innovations & ideas. Washington, D.C.]: Dept. of Health and Human Services, Administration for Children and Families, Office of Child Support Enforcement, 2003.
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Health, Utah Department of. 2004 Utah Head Start-State Collaboration Office report and case study/process evaluation. Salt Lake City, UT: Utah Head Start-State Collaboration Office, 2004.
Find full textBook chapters on the topic "STAR Collaboration"
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Hettipathirana, H. Chathushka Dilhan, and Thameera Viraj Ariyapala. "Geolocation Search with SharePoint Fast Search Feature and A (star) Search Algorithm." In Learning and Collaboration Technologies. Ubiquitous and Virtual Environments for Learning and Collaboration, 287–95. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-21817-1_22.
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Wang, Quan. "Introduction." In Charge Multiplicity Asymmetry Correlation Study Searching for Local Parity Violation at RHIC for STAR Collaboration, 1–10. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-00756-4_1.
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Wang, Quan. "Experiment." In Charge Multiplicity Asymmetry Correlation Study Searching for Local Parity Violation at RHIC for STAR Collaboration, 11–20. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-00756-4_2.
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Wang, Quan. "Data Analysis." In Charge Multiplicity Asymmetry Correlation Study Searching for Local Parity Violation at RHIC for STAR Collaboration, 21–56. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-00756-4_3.
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Wang, Quan. "Results and Discissions." In Charge Multiplicity Asymmetry Correlation Study Searching for Local Parity Violation at RHIC for STAR Collaboration, 57–93. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-00756-4_4.
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Wang, Quan. "Summary." In Charge Multiplicity Asymmetry Correlation Study Searching for Local Parity Violation at RHIC for STAR Collaboration, 95–97. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-00756-4_5.
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Crescenzi, Riccardo. "R&D, Innovative Collaborations and the Role of Public Policies." In The Economics of Big Science, 99–103. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-52391-6_14.
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Abstract R&D investments have the potential to boost innovation at the local level. However, this only happens where appropriate complementary skills and conditions are available locally to support knowledge generation and absorption. Where major R&D facilities are located in regions that lack the appropriate receptive environment the local mismatch between R&D and skilled labor can persistently hinder innovation and local spillovers. How can this be avoided? Public policies have an important role to play. They should facilitate the development of connections between local teams and those active in the research facility. The presence of star researchers in large research facilities might—for example—be a key factor to facilitate collaboration with local industrial partners offering significant opportunities for technological upgrading.
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Balsamo, Noelle, and James W. Forgan. "Teacher Collaboration." In Parent's Quick Start Guide to Autism, 119–27. New York: Routledge, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9781003285953-12.
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Balsamo, Noelle, and James W. Forgan. "Teacher Collaboration." In Parent's Quick Start Guide to Autism, 119–27. New York: Routledge, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9781003285953-12.
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McCall, Robert B., and Christina J. Groark. "How Projects Start." In Conducting International Research and Service Collaborations, 11–19. New York: Routledge, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9781003183433-2-3.
Full textConference papers on the topic "STAR Collaboration"
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Dimisko, L., V. Hertzberg, J. Grossberg, B. Howard, C. Cawley, F. Tong, P. Jabbour, et al. "E-216 Stroke thrombectomy outcomes by biological sex – a multicenter study from the star collaboration." In SNIS 19th Annual Meeting Abstracts. BMA House, Tavistock Square, London, WC1H 9JR: BMJ Publishing Group Ltd., 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/neurintsurg-2022-snis.327.
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Sondari, T., Widjajani, and E. Dwipriyoko. "The Influence of Collaboration and Competitive Strategies on the Image of the Star Hotel in West Java." In 1st Paris Van Java International Seminar on Health, Economics, Social Science and Humanities (PVJ-ISHESSH 2020). Paris, France: Atlantis Press, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.2991/assehr.k.210304.116.
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Chalhoub, R., A. Alawieh, S. Kasab, D. Pullmann, A. Arthur, J. Kim, R. De Leacy, et al. "E-081 Endovascular thrombectomy for stroke in elderly patients: a comprehensive multicenter analysis – insights from the STAR collaboration." In SNIS 17TH ANNUAL MEETING. BMA House, Tavistock Square, London, WC1H 9JR: BMJ Publishing Group Ltd., 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/neurintsurg-2020-snis.115.
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Shahbazi, Zahra, MaryAnn Jacobs, Alexandra Lehnes, and Kathleen Mancuso. "Designing Integrated STEM Education: Linking STEM Teachers and Learners in a K-20 Continuum." In ASME 2016 International Design Engineering Technical Conferences and Computers and Information in Engineering Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/detc2016-60288.
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To address the grand challenge of the severe shortage of qualified engineering workforce and equally important educators, engineering and education departments at Manhattan College created a holistic program called Engineering Scholars Training and Retention (STAR) program. Engineering STAR program created a collaboration among undergraduate education and engineering majors, the professors who teach them and current STEM teachers and their students in local urban middle and high schools. We developed three new academic programs (engineering education minor and certificate programs for both undergraduate and graduate engineering and education majors) to support engineering and education students who are passionate about promoting engineering for 6–12 grade students and become qualified and competent engineering educators. In addition, through partnership with local middle/high schools we developed an engineering ambassadors’ program where students from engineering and education majors develop hands-on design projects and present them to middle/high school students to encourage and inspire more students to study engineering. Next, we engaged in a professional development program to support current STEM teachers to develop skills in engineering and increase the number of teachers who possess the pedagogical content knowledge to prepare students to be successful in engineering fields. All three aspects of the STAR program employees engineering design projects to introduce engineering to students and teachers. This integrative model could serve initially as a template to design such programs.
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Richmond, D. J., J. A. Fort, and S. R. Suffield. "Transient Thermal Modeling of the High Burnup Demonstration Research Project Cask Using STAR-CCM+ and COBRA-SFS." In ASME 2021 Pressure Vessels & Piping Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/pvp2021-62082.
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Abstract The Department of Energy in collaboration with the Electric Power Research Institute is in the process of conducting the High Burnup Demonstration Project, where the objective is to characterize the performance of high-burnup fuel in long term storage. As part of this demonstration, a TN-32B dry storage cask was instrumented and loaded with spent nuclear fuel at North Anna Nuclear Generating Station in November 2017. The project cask provides a unique opportunity to gain information on spent fuel and cask performance from an in-service operational system. The cask was instrumented with thermocouples inside of the fuel assemblies, then loaded and dried using normal procedures. After the drying process a thermal soak period where the cask was left indoors was used to obtain steady temperatures for model comparison along with surface temperatures. This paper details thermal modeling validation work that was done to model both the steady state and transient cases. Two modeling tools were used to predict temperatures in the cask. The general purpose CFD and heat transfer code STAR-CCM+ was used with both a detailed pin-by-pin model along with a more efficient k-effective simplification. The other code is COBRA-SFS, a purpose-built detailed thermal modeling tool developed and maintained at PNNL. Results from all the modeling tools were compared blind to the test data. Each model utilized general design information and compared reasonably well to the blind steady state data using convection and surface temperature boundary conditions. Post-test adjustments were later made to better reflect the “as built” conditions of the cask. Based on lessons learned from the steady state analysis the vacuum drying process was modeled in both codes. Utilizing the measured loading conditions the transient models were able to compare very well with the measured data. Overall the project showed an ability to model spent fuel storage conditions very well and future work is planned to generalize the methodology used for vacuum drying.
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Pointer, W. David, Tanju Sofu, and David Weber. "Commercial CFD Code Validation for Simulation of Heavy-Vehicle External Aerodynamics." In ASME/JSME 2003 4th Joint Fluids Summer Engineering Conference. ASMEDC, 2003. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/fedsm2003-45136.
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The issue of energy economy in transportation has grown beyond traditional concerns over environment, safety and health to include new concerns over national and international security. In collaboration with the U.S. Department of Energy Office of FreedomCAR and Vehicle Technologies’ Working Group on Aerodynamic Drag of Heavy Vehicles, Argonne National Laboratory is investigating the accuracy of aerodynamic drag predictions from commercial Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) Software. In this validation study, computational predictions from two commercial CFD codes, Star-CD [1] and PowerFLOW [2], will be compared with detailed velocity, pressure and force balance data from experiments completed in the 7 ft. by 10 ft. wind tunnel at NASA Ames [3, 4] using a Generic Conventional Model (GCM) that is representative of typical current-generation tractor-trailer geometries.
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Mucha, Philipp, Amy Robertson, Jason Jonkman, and Fabian Wendt. "Hydrodynamic Analysis of a Suspended Cylinder Under Regular Wave Loading Based on Computational Fluid Dynamics." In ASME 2019 38th International Conference on Ocean, Offshore and Arctic Engineering. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/omae2019-95533.
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Abstract An investigation into the computation of hydrodynamic loads on a suspended cylinder in regular waves is presented. The primary goal was to perform a three-way validation of the loads between experimental measurements and simulations from two computational methods. Experimental measurements of the longitudinal in-line force on a cylinder suspended at a fixed position were available from the Offshore Code Comparison Collaboration, Continued, with Correlation (OC5) project, Phase Ia. These measurements were compared to computational fluid dynamics (CFD) simulations based on the solution of Reynolds-averaged Navier-Stokes (RANS) equations, as implemented in STAR-CCM+. The study encompassed a sensitivity analysis of the loads computed in STAR-CCM+ based on wave modeling, boundary conditions, turbulence modeling, and spatial and temporal discretization. The analysis was supplemented by results generated with the offshore wind turbine engineering software OpenFAST, based on a hybrid combination of second-order potential flow and viscous drag from Morison’s equation. The focus of the investigation was on the assessment of the accuracy of the computation of first- and higher-order hydrodynamic loads. Substantial differences were observed in the numerical prediction of the second and third harmonic force contribution. Local flow field analysis with CFD was applied to study the physics of wave run-up and diffraction dynamics to identify the causes.
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Milošević, Rastko, Ana Komlenić, Nemanja Kašiković, Bojan Banjanin, and Davor Menzildžić. "Instagram influencers’ responsiveness to a small business collaboration outreach." In 11th International Symposium on Graphic Engineering and Design. University of Novi Sad, Faculty of technical sciences, Department of graphic engineering and design, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.24867/grid-2022-p25.
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Collaborations between social media influencers (SMIs) and brands have become increasingly popular in recent years, so many marketers and brands either start implementing influencers or intensify SMI use in their marketing strategies. Influencer marketing is the practice of compensating influencers for posting about a product or a service on their social media profiles. Influencers usually specialize in a particular niche area and possess highly devoted follower bases of different sizes. Their incentivized brandrelated messages are very effective and achieve increased engagement because of their personal manner, subtlety, and authentic advertising approach. One of the first steps in the influencer marketing process is to reach out to the right influencer with the aim of partnering up and collaborating in order to engage new potential customers and consequently grow a business. Therefore, influencer marketing basically starts with an influencer’s positive response to a brand’s outreach and collaboration consent. This research study aims to determine the responsiveness of Instagram influencers to a small business outreach offering an unpaid collaboration (a free product in exchange for a feed post). It was also analysed how different Instagram influencer categories, in terms of follower count, responded to the selected small business’ outreach (and consequently collaborated) and which Instagram influencer category is more likely to accept this kind of collaboration proposal. In addition, several practical recommendations are made regarding how small businesses should focus their efforts to make their Instagram influencer outreach marketing strategy more successful.
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Rao, Vivek M., Marc-Olivier G. Delchini, Prashant K. Jain, and Mohammad T. Bani Ahmad. "High-Performance Computing to Enable Next-Generation Low-Temperature Waste Heat Recovery." In ASME 2020 Power Conference collocated with the 2020 International Conference on Nuclear Engineering. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/power2020-16374.
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Abstract The Oak Ridge National Laboratory (ORNL), in collaboration with Eaton Corporation, has performed computational research and development to design an innovative, direct-contact heat exchanger (DCHE) that is optimized for a low-temperature organic Rankine cycle. A computational fluid dynamics (CFD) model of DCHE was developed in STAR-CCM+ which was later calibrated and validated against the experimental data from literature. The validated CFD model was used to develop an industry-relevant liquid-liquid direct-contact heat exchanger system with water and pentane working fluids. This work heavily relied on high-performance computing (HPC) resources to investigate multiple designs and to identify a baseline design. The innovative design consists of two chambers connected by a converging-diverging nozzle. Phase change for pentane, from liquid to vapor, occurs in the first chamber, whereas the second chamber serves as a separator. Outlets in the second chamber are staggered to prevent entrainment of the liquid water by the gaseous pentane. CFD results confirm that the design behaves as expected and the addition of baffles enhances mixing and heat transfer for higher flow rates while preventing entrainment of gaseous pentane by the liquid water.
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Liu, Qiang, Bingfei Cheng, and Congfu Xu. "Collaborative Filtering Based on Star Users." In 2011 IEEE 23rd International Conference on Tools with Artificial Intelligence (ICTAI). IEEE, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/ictai.2011.41.
Full textReports on the topic "STAR Collaboration"
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Fernandez-Guerrero, David. SME–University Collaboration in Non-metropolitan regions: A Multiple Case Study Analysis of How Collaborations Start and Unfold. Center for Higher Education Policy Studies, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.3990/4.2535-5686.2020.04.
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Agrawal, Ajay, John McHale, and Alexander Oettl. Collaboration, Stars, and the Changing Organization of Science: Evidence from Evolutionary Biology. Cambridge, MA: National Bureau of Economic Research, November 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.3386/w19653.
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Everett, Martin. EU–US collaboration on quantum technologies. Royal Institute of International Affairs, January 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.55317/9781784134211.
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The development of quantum technologies represents a significant scientific advance with the potential to benefit many. However, security concerns over quantum technologies in the fields of computing and communications – chiefly in relation to encryption and decryption – have limited international cooperation. Existing discussions between the EU and US on quantum technologies remain low key. However, closer partnerships in the sector are possible in basic scientific research and communications standards. In order to remain a relevant player in the advancement of quantum technology, EU-based researchers and start-ups are in need of additional support – in terms of funding and policy – to enable closer cooperation with global researchers and institutions, particularly in the US.
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Cho, Kyoung-Hee. Collaboration of an Undergraduate Program in a Start-up Project with the Marine Culture Center in Mokpo- ‘Development of Ocean Image Products’ Program. Ames: Iowa State University, Digital Repository, November 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.31274/itaa_proceedings-180814-1697.
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Seus, Sarah, and Maria Stadler. Evaluating a CIty Lab Process in Mannheim's distric Neckarstadt-West: Three main challenges for the evaluation. Fteval - Austrian Platform for Research and Technology Policy Evaluation, April 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.22163/fteval.2022.550.
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During the last few years, city labs have emerged as promising formats to address transformative change. The aim of these formats often is to create collaborative spaces in which different stakeholders can jointly experiment with novel solutions for certain problems. While city labs start to establish transdisciplinary research settings, evaluating the effects of a city lab still brings about several chal- lenges. In this contribution, we reflect on three main challenges that emerged in the course of evaluating a city lab in Mannheim’s district Neckarstadt-West. The city lab was conducted as part of the research project SONNET (Social Innovation in Energy Transitions) and aimed to encourage social innovation in energy and thereby enable local energy transition. In the context of evaluating the city lab, we identified three main challenges that were related to a) evaluating an ongoing and open process, b) external shocks (especially in the context of the COVID-19 pandemic) and c) evaluating new forms of innovation under the concept of ‘social innovation’. The main achievement of this evaluation was to trace the process of a city lab and identify changes in objectives as well as the engagement of different stakeholder groups. However, an evaluation of the city lab’s outcomes remains challenging due to the openness of the process. This suggests rethinking linear evaluation models in favour of co-designing evaluation criteria in the course of the city lab process.
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Adebayo, Oliver, Joanna Aldoori, William Allum, Noel Aruparayil, Abdul Badran, Jasmine Winter Beatty, Sanchita Bhatia, et al. Future of Surgery: Technology Enhanced Surgical Training: Report of the FOS:TEST Commission. The Royal College of Surgeons of England, August 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1308/fos2.2022.
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Over the past 50 years the capability of technology to improve surgical care has been realised and while surgical trainees and trainers strive to deliver care and train; the technological ‘solutions’ market continues to expand. However, there remains no coordinated process to assess these technologies. The FOS:TEST Report aimed to (1) define the current, unmet needs in surgical training, (2) assess the current evidence-base of technologies that may be beneficial to training and map these onto both the patient and trainee pathway and (3) make recommendations on the development, assessment, and adoption of novel surgical technologies. The FOS:TEST Commission was formed by the Association of Surgeons in Training (ASiT), The Royal College of Surgeons of England (RCS England) Robotics and Digital Surgery Group and representatives from all trainee specialty associations. Two national datasets provided by Health Education England were used to identify unmet surgical training needs through qualitative analysis against pre-defined coding frameworks. These unmet needs were prioritised at two virtual consensus hackathons and mapped to the patient and trainee pathway and the capabilities in practice (CiPs) framework. The commission received more than 120 evidence submissions from surgeons in training, consultant surgeons and training leaders. Following peer review, 32 were selected that covered a range of innovations. Contributors also highlighted several important key considerations, including the changing pedagogy of surgical training, the ethics and challenges of big data and machine learning, sustainability, and health economics. This summates to 7 Key Recommendations and 51 concluding statements. The FOS:TEST Commission was borne out of what is a pivotal point in the digital transformation of surgical training. Academic expertise and collaboration will be required to evaluate efficacy of any novel training solution. However, this must be coupled with pragmatic assessments of feasibility and cost to ensure that any intervention is scalable for national implementation. Currently, there is no replacement for hands-on operating. However, for future UK and ROI surgeons to stay relevant in a global market, our training methods must adapt. The Future of Surgery: Technology Enhanced Surgical Training Report provides a blueprint for how this can be achieved.
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Fleming, Joanna, John I. MacArtney, Abi Eccles, Catherine Grimley, Helen Wesson, Catriona Mayland, Sarah Mitchell, et al. Impact of Covid-19 pandemic on Hospices (ICoH): Senior Management Cohort and Grey Evidence Report. University of Warwick Press, May 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.31273/978-1-911675-05-1.
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This report describes the diversity of experiences of people with life-limiting illnesses who were supported by hospices in the West Midlands during the pandemic. It is one of four cohort reports – the others focus on patients, carers, and frontline hospice staff respectively – that form the evidence base for a Policy Report into the impact of Covid-19 on hospices. In these reports we address the nine key themes that were identified as potentially important in our previous collaborative knowledge synthesis (MacArtney et al., 2021) and seek to address some of the policy gaps we identified in our review of recommendations for hospice practice and policy (van Langen-Datta et al., 2022). Together these outputs are the result of an Economic and Social Research Council funded study (grant number: ES/W001837/1) that is one of the first studies to contribute an in-depth exploration of hospice-based experiences of the pandemic to the growing body of knowledge about the effectiveness and effects of changes to hospice services, at regional and national levels, in response to Covid-19. As the key decision makers during the Covid-19 pandemic, this part of the ICoH study aimed to explore senior managers’ experiences and to understand how they responded to the challenges imposed on them whilst still delivering a high-quality palliative care service. Coupled with hospice grey evidence in the form of, for example, senior management emails to staff, policy and guideline documents, we can start to understand the pressures and context in which decisions were made, including what worked well and what did not. The aim of this report is therefore to explore experiences of senior managers during the Covid-19 pandemic to identify recommendations for clinical practice and healthcare policy. Drawing on these findings, this report offers recommendations for hospices managers and clinicians who continue to provide care and support for people with life limiting conditions during the ongoing pandemic. These recommendations will also be of interest to local commissioners who will need to work with hospices in their region to ensure people with life-limiting conditions receive the support they need, and national policymakers who will need to ensure the necessary resources and guidance are available.
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Totten, Annette, Dana M. Womack, Marian S. McDonagh, Cynthia Davis-O’Reilly, Jessica C. Griffin, Ian Blazina, Sara Grusing, and Nancy Elder. Improving Rural Health Through Telehealth-Guided Provider-to-Provider Communication. Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality, December 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.23970/ahrqepccer254.
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Objectives. To assess the use, effectiveness, and implementation of telehealth-supported provider-to-provider communication and collaboration for the provision of healthcare services to rural populations and to inform a scientific workshop convened by the National Institutes of Health Office of Disease Prevention on October 12–14, 2021. Data sources. We conducted a comprehensive literature search of Ovid MEDLINE®, CINAHL®, Embase®, and Cochrane CENTRAL. We searched for articles published from January 1, 2015, to October 12, 2021, to identify data on use of rural provider-to-provider telehealth (Key Question 1) and the same databases for articles published January 1, 2010, to October 12, 2021, for studies of effectiveness and implementation (Key Questions 2 and 3) and to identify methodological weaknesses in the research (Key Question 4). Additional sources were identified through reference lists, stakeholder suggestions, and responses to a Federal Register notice. Review methods. Our methods followed the Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality Methods Guide (available at https://effectivehealthcare.ahrq.gov/topics/cer-methods-guide/overview) and the PRISMA reporting guidelines. We used predefined criteria and dual review of abstracts and full-text articles to identify research results on (1) regional or national use, (2) effectiveness, (3) barriers and facilitators to implementation, and (4) methodological weakness in studies of provider-to-provider telehealth for rural populations. We assessed the risk of bias of the effectiveness studies using criteria specific to the different study designs and evaluated strength of evidence (SOE) for studies of similar telehealth interventions with similar outcomes. We categorized barriers and facilitators to implementation using the Consolidated Framework for Implementation Research (CFIR) and summarized methodological weaknesses of studies. Results. We included 166 studies reported in 179 publications. Studies on the degree of uptake of provider-to-provider telehealth were limited to specific clinical uses (pharmacy, psychiatry, emergency care, and stroke management) in seven studies using national or regional surveys and claims data. They reported variability across States and regions, but increasing uptake over time. Ninety-seven studies (20 trials and 77 observational studies) evaluated the effectiveness of provider-to-provider telehealth in rural settings, finding that there may be similar rates of transfers and lengths of stay with telehealth for inpatient consultations; similar mortality rates for remote intensive care unit care; similar clinical outcomes and transfer rates for neonates; improvements in medication adherence and treatment response in outpatient care for depression; improvements in some clinical monitoring measures for diabetes with endocrinology or pharmacy outpatient consultations; similar mortality or time to treatment when used to support emergency assessment and management of stroke, heart attack, or chest pain at rural hospitals; and similar rates of appropriate versus inappropriate transfers of critical care and trauma patients with specialist telehealth consultations for rural emergency departments (SOE: low). Studies of telehealth for education and mentoring of rural healthcare providers may result in intended changes in provider behavior and increases in provider knowledge, confidence, and self-efficacy (SOE: low). Patient outcomes were not frequently reported for telehealth provider education, but two studies reported improvement (SOE: low). Evidence for telehealth interventions for other clinical uses and outcomes was insufficient. We identified 67 program evaluations and qualitative studies that identified barriers and facilitators to rural provider-to-provider telehealth. Success was linked to well-functioning technology; sufficient resources, including time, staff, leadership, and equipment; and adequate payment or reimbursement. Some considerations may be unique to implementation of provider-to-provider telehealth in rural areas. These include the need for consultants to better understand the rural context; regional initiatives that pool resources among rural organizations that may not be able to support telehealth individually; and programs that can support care for infrequent as well as frequent clinical situations in rural practices. An assessment of methodological weaknesses found that studies were limited by less rigorous study designs, small sample sizes, and lack of analyses that address risks for bias. A key weakness was that studies did not assess or attempt to adjust for the risk that temporal changes may impact the results in studies that compared outcomes before and after telehealth implementation. Conclusions. While the evidence base is limited, what is available suggests that telehealth supporting provider-to-provider communications and collaboration may be beneficial. Telehealth studies report better patient outcomes in some clinical scenarios (e.g., outpatient care for depression or diabetes, education/mentoring) where telehealth interventions increase access to expertise and high-quality care. In other applications (e.g., inpatient care, emergency care), telehealth results in patient outcomes that are similar to usual care, which may be interpreted as a benefit when the purpose of telehealth is to make equivalent services available locally to rural residents. Most barriers to implementation are common to practice change efforts. Methodological weaknesses stem from weaker study designs, such as before-after studies, and small numbers of participants. The rapid increase in the use of telehealth in response to the Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic is likely to produce more data and offer opportunities for more rigorous studies.
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McKenna, Patrick, and Mark Evans. Emergency Relief and complex service delivery: Towards better outcomes. Queensland University of Technology, June 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.5204/rep.eprints.211133.
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Emergency Relief (ER) is a Department of Social Services (DSS) funded program, delivered by 197 community organisations (ER Providers) across Australia, to assist people facing a financial crisis with financial/material aid and referrals to other support programs. ER has been playing this important role in Australian communities since 1979. Without ER, more people living in Australia who experience a financial crisis might face further harm such as crippling debt or homelessness. The Emergency Relief National Coordination Group (NCG) was established in April 2020 at the start of the COVID-19 pandemic to advise the Minister for Families and Social Services on the implementation of ER. To inform its advice to the Minister, the NCG partnered with the Institute for Governance at the University of Canberra to conduct research to understand the issues and challenges faced by ER Providers and Service Users in local contexts across Australia. The research involved a desktop review of the existing literature on ER service provision, a large survey which all Commonwealth ER Providers were invited to participate in (and 122 responses were received), interviews with a purposive sample of 18 ER Providers, and the development of a program logic and theory of change for the Commonwealth ER program to assess progress. The surveys and interviews focussed on ER Provider perceptions of the strengths, weaknesses, future challenges, and areas of improvement for current ER provision. The trend of increasing case complexity, the effectiveness of ER service delivery models in achieving outcomes for Service Users, and the significance of volunteering in the sector were investigated. Separately, an evaluation of the performance of the NCG was conducted and a summary of the evaluation is provided as an appendix to this report. Several themes emerged from the review of the existing literature such as service delivery shortcomings in dealing with case complexity, the effectiveness of case management, and repeat requests for service. Interviews with ER workers and Service Users found that an uplift in workforce capability was required to deal with increasing case complexity, leading to recommendations for more training and service standards. Several service evaluations found that ER delivered with case management led to high Service User satisfaction, played an integral role in transforming the lives of people with complex needs, and lowered repeat requests for service. A large longitudinal quantitative study revealed that more time spent with participants substantially decreased the number of repeat requests for service; and, given that repeat requests for service can be an indicator of entrenched poverty, not accessing further services is likely to suggest improvement. The interviews identified the main strengths of ER to be the rapid response and flexible use of funds to stabilise crisis situations and connect people to other supports through strong local networks. Service Users trusted the system because of these strengths, and ER was often an access point to holistic support. There were three main weaknesses identified. First, funding contracts were too short and did not cover the full costs of the program—in particular, case management for complex cases. Second, many Service Users were dependent on ER which was inconsistent with the definition and intent of the program. Third, there was inconsistency in the level of service received by Service Users in different geographic locations. These weaknesses can be improved upon with a joined-up approach featuring co-design and collaborative governance, leading to the successful commissioning of social services. The survey confirmed that volunteers were significant for ER, making up 92% of all workers and 51% of all hours worked in respondent ER programs. Of the 122 respondents, volunteers amounted to 554 full-time equivalents, a contribution valued at $39.4 million. In total there were 8,316 volunteers working in the 122 respondent ER programs. The sector can support and upskill these volunteers (and employees in addition) by developing scalable training solutions such as online training modules, updating ER service standards, and engaging in collaborative learning arrangements where large and small ER Providers share resources. More engagement with peak bodies such as Volunteering Australia might also assist the sector to improve the focus on volunteer engagement. Integrated services achieve better outcomes for complex ER cases—97% of survey respondents either agreed or strongly agreed this was the case. The research identified the dimensions of service integration most relevant to ER Providers to be case management, referrals, the breadth of services offered internally, co-location with interrelated service providers, an established network of support, workforce capability, and Service User engagement. Providers can individually focus on increasing the level of service integration for their ER program to improve their ability to deal with complex cases, which are clearly on the rise. At the system level, a more joined-up approach can also improve service integration across Australia. The key dimensions of this finding are discussed next in more detail. Case management is key for achieving Service User outcomes for complex cases—89% of survey respondents either agreed or strongly agreed this was the case. Interviewees most frequently said they would provide more case management if they could change their service model. Case management allows for more time spent with the Service User, follow up with referral partners, and a higher level of expertise in service delivery to support complex cases. Of course, it is a costly model and not currently funded for all Service Users through ER. Where case management is not available as part of ER, it might be available through a related service that is part of a network of support. Where possible, ER Providers should facilitate access to case management for Service Users who would benefit. At a system level, ER models with a greater component of case management could be implemented as test cases. Referral systems are also key for achieving Service User outcomes, which is reflected in the ER Program Logic presented on page 31. The survey and interview data show that referrals within an integrated service (internal) or in a service hub (co-located) are most effective. Where this is not possible, warm referrals within a trusted network of support are more effective than cold referrals leading to higher take-up and beneficial Service User outcomes. However, cold referrals are most common, pointing to a weakness in ER referral systems. This is because ER Providers do not operate or co-locate with interrelated services in many cases, nor do they have the case management capacity to provide warm referrals in many other cases. For mental illness support, which interviewees identified as one of the most difficult issues to deal with, ER Providers offer an integrated service only 23% of the time, warm referrals 34% of the time, and cold referrals 43% of the time. A focus on referral systems at the individual ER Provider level, and system level through a joined-up approach, might lead to better outcomes for Service Users. The program logic and theory of change for ER have been documented with input from the research findings and included in Section 4.3 on page 31. These show that ER helps people facing a financial crisis to meet their immediate needs, avoid further harm, and access a path to recovery. The research demonstrates that ER is fundamental to supporting vulnerable people in Australia and should therefore continue to be funded by government.
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African Open Science Platform Part 1: Landscape Study. Academy of Science of South Africa (ASSAf), 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.17159/assaf.2019/0047.
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This report maps the African landscape of Open Science – with a focus on Open Data as a sub-set of Open Science. Data to inform the landscape study were collected through a variety of methods, including surveys, desk research, engagement with a community of practice, networking with stakeholders, participation in conferences, case study presentations, and workshops hosted. Although the majority of African countries (35 of 54) demonstrates commitment to science through its investment in research and development (R&D), academies of science, ministries of science and technology, policies, recognition of research, and participation in the Science Granting Councils Initiative (SGCI), the following countries demonstrate the highest commitment and political willingness to invest in science: Botswana, Ethiopia, Kenya, Senegal, South Africa, Tanzania, and Uganda. In addition to existing policies in Science, Technology and Innovation (STI), the following countries have made progress towards Open Data policies: Botswana, Kenya, Madagascar, Mauritius, South Africa and Uganda. Only two African countries (Kenya and South Africa) at this stage contribute 0.8% of its GDP (Gross Domestic Product) to R&D (Research and Development), which is the closest to the AU’s (African Union’s) suggested 1%. Countries such as Lesotho and Madagascar ranked as 0%, while the R&D expenditure for 24 African countries is unknown. In addition to this, science globally has become fully dependent on stable ICT (Information and Communication Technologies) infrastructure, which includes connectivity/bandwidth, high performance computing facilities and data services. This is especially applicable since countries globally are finding themselves in the midst of the 4th Industrial Revolution (4IR), which is not only “about” data, but which “is” data. According to an article1 by Alan Marcus (2015) (Senior Director, Head of Information Technology and Telecommunications Industries, World Economic Forum), “At its core, data represents a post-industrial opportunity. Its uses have unprecedented complexity, velocity and global reach. As digital communications become ubiquitous, data will rule in a world where nearly everyone and everything is connected in real time. That will require a highly reliable, secure and available infrastructure at its core, and innovation at the edge.” Every industry is affected as part of this revolution – also science. An important component of the digital transformation is “trust” – people must be able to trust that governments and all other industries (including the science sector), adequately handle and protect their data. This requires accountability on a global level, and digital industries must embrace the change and go for a higher standard of protection. “This will reassure consumers and citizens, benefitting the whole digital economy”, says Marcus. A stable and secure information and communication technologies (ICT) infrastructure – currently provided by the National Research and Education Networks (NRENs) – is key to advance collaboration in science. The AfricaConnect2 project (AfricaConnect (2012–2014) and AfricaConnect2 (2016–2018)) through establishing connectivity between National Research and Education Networks (NRENs), is planning to roll out AfricaConnect3 by the end of 2019. The concern however is that selected African governments (with the exception of a few countries such as South Africa, Mozambique, Ethiopia and others) have low awareness of the impact the Internet has today on all societal levels, how much ICT (and the 4th Industrial Revolution) have affected research, and the added value an NREN can bring to higher education and research in addressing the respective needs, which is far more complex than simply providing connectivity. Apart from more commitment and investment in R&D, African governments – to become and remain part of the 4th Industrial Revolution – have no option other than to acknowledge and commit to the role NRENs play in advancing science towards addressing the SDG (Sustainable Development Goals). For successful collaboration and direction, it is fundamental that policies within one country are aligned with one another. Alignment on continental level is crucial for the future Pan-African African Open Science Platform to be successful. Both the HIPSSA ((Harmonization of ICT Policies in Sub-Saharan Africa)3 project and WATRA (the West Africa Telecommunications Regulators Assembly)4, have made progress towards the regulation of the telecom sector, and in particular of bottlenecks which curb the development of competition among ISPs. A study under HIPSSA identified potential bottlenecks in access at an affordable price to the international capacity of submarine cables and suggested means and tools used by regulators to remedy them. Work on the recommended measures and making them operational continues in collaboration with WATRA. In addition to sufficient bandwidth and connectivity, high-performance computing facilities and services in support of data sharing are also required. The South African National Integrated Cyberinfrastructure System5 (NICIS) has made great progress in planning and setting up a cyberinfrastructure ecosystem in support of collaborative science and data sharing. The regional Southern African Development Community6 (SADC) Cyber-infrastructure Framework provides a valuable roadmap towards high-speed Internet, developing human capacity and skills in ICT technologies, high- performance computing and more. The following countries have been identified as having high-performance computing facilities, some as a result of the Square Kilometre Array7 (SKA) partnership: Botswana, Ghana, Kenya, Madagascar, Mozambique, Mauritius, Namibia, South Africa, Tunisia, and Zambia. More and more NRENs – especially the Level 6 NRENs 8 (Algeria, Egypt, Kenya, South Africa, and recently Zambia) – are exploring offering additional services; also in support of data sharing and transfer. The following NRENs already allow for running data-intensive applications and sharing of high-end computing assets, bio-modelling and computation on high-performance/ supercomputers: KENET (Kenya), TENET (South Africa), RENU (Uganda), ZAMREN (Zambia), EUN (Egypt) and ARN (Algeria). Fifteen higher education training institutions from eight African countries (Botswana, Benin, Kenya, Nigeria, Rwanda, South Africa, Sudan, and Tanzania) have been identified as offering formal courses on data science. In addition to formal degrees, a number of international short courses have been developed and free international online courses are also available as an option to build capacity and integrate as part of curricula. The small number of higher education or research intensive institutions offering data science is however insufficient, and there is a desperate need for more training in data science. The CODATA-RDA Schools of Research Data Science aim at addressing the continental need for foundational data skills across all disciplines, along with training conducted by The Carpentries 9 programme (specifically Data Carpentry 10 ). Thus far, CODATA-RDA schools in collaboration with AOSP, integrating content from Data Carpentry, were presented in Rwanda (in 2018), and during17-29 June 2019, in Ethiopia. Awareness regarding Open Science (including Open Data) is evident through the 12 Open Science-related Open Access/Open Data/Open Science declarations and agreements endorsed or signed by African governments; 200 Open Access journals from Africa registered on the Directory of Open Access Journals (DOAJ); 174 Open Access institutional research repositories registered on openDOAR (Directory of Open Access Repositories); 33 Open Access/Open Science policies registered on ROARMAP (Registry of Open Access Repository Mandates and Policies); 24 data repositories registered with the Registry of Data Repositories (re3data.org) (although the pilot project identified 66 research data repositories); and one data repository assigned the CoreTrustSeal. Although this is a start, far more needs to be done to align African data curation and research practices with global standards. Funding to conduct research remains a challenge. African researchers mostly fund their own research, and there are little incentives for them to make their research and accompanying data sets openly accessible. Funding and peer recognition, along with an enabling research environment conducive for research, are regarded as major incentives. The landscape report concludes with a number of concerns towards sharing research data openly, as well as challenges in terms of Open Data policy, ICT infrastructure supportive of data sharing, capacity building, lack of skills, and the need for incentives. Although great progress has been made in terms of Open Science and Open Data practices, more awareness needs to be created and further advocacy efforts are required for buy-in from African governments. A federated African Open Science Platform (AOSP) will not only encourage more collaboration among researchers in addressing the SDGs, but it will also benefit the many stakeholders identified as part of the pilot phase. The time is now, for governments in Africa, to acknowledge the important role of science in general, but specifically Open Science and Open Data, through developing and aligning the relevant policies, investing in an ICT infrastructure conducive for data sharing through committing funding to making NRENs financially sustainable, incentivising open research practices by scientists, and creating opportunities for more scientists and stakeholders across all disciplines to be trained in data management.