Journal articles: 'Staphylococcus'

1

Skalka, B. "Typing of Staphylococcus aureus, Staphylococcus intermedius and Coagulase-negative Staphylococci by Means of Staphylococcal Bacteriocins." Acta Veterinaria Brno 55, no. 4 (1986): 333–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.2754/avb198655040333.

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Fernández-Fernández, Rosa, Carmen Lozano, Rine Christopher Reuben, Laura Ruiz-Ripa, Myriam Zarazaga, and Carmen Torres. "Comprehensive Approaches for the Search and Characterization of Staphylococcins." Microorganisms 11, no. 5 (May 18, 2023): 1329. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/microorganisms11051329.

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Novel and sustainable approaches are required to curb the increasing threat of antimicrobial resistance (AMR). Within the last decades, antimicrobial peptides, especially bacteriocins, have received increased attention and are being explored as suitable alternatives to antibiotics. Bacteriocins are ribosomally synthesized antimicrobial peptides produced by bacteria as a self-preservation method against competitors. Bacteriocins produced by Staphylococcus, also referred to as staphylococcins, have steadily shown great antimicrobial potential and are currently being considered promising candidates to mitigate the AMR menace. Moreover, several bacteriocin-producing Staphylococcus isolates of different species, especially coagulase-negative staphylococci (CoNS), have been described and are being targeted as a good alternative. This revision aims to help researchers in the search and characterization of staphylococcins, so we provide an up-to-date list of bacteriocin produced by Staphylococcus. Moreover, a universal nucleotide and amino acid-based phylogeny system of the well-characterized staphylococcins is proposed that could be of interest in the classification and search for these promising antimicrobials. Finally, we discuss the state of art of the staphylococcin applications and an overview of the emerging concerns.

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ARATA, JIRO. "Staphylococcus and staphylococcal infection. 1. Classification and properties of staphylococcus." Nishi Nihon Hifuka 50, no. 1 (1988): 108–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.2336/nishinihonhifu.50.108.

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Wei, Yuannan, Esha Sandhu, Xi Yang, Jie Yang, Yuanyuan Ren, and Xingjie Gao. "Bidirectional Functional Effects of Staphylococcus on Carcinogenesis." Microorganisms 10, no. 12 (November 28, 2022): 2353. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/microorganisms10122353.

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As a Gram-positive cocci existing in nature, Staphylococcus has a variety of species, such as Staphylococcus aureus and Staphylococcus epidermidis, etc. Growing evidence reveals that Staphylococcus is closely related to the occurrence and development of various cancers. On the one hand, cancer patients are more likely to suffer from bacterial infection and antibiotic-resistant strain infection compared to healthy controls. On the other hand, there exists an association between staphylococcal infection and carcinogenesis. Staphylococcus often plays a pathogenic role and evades the host immune system through surface adhesion molecules, α-hemolysin, PVL (Panton-Valentine leukocidin), SEs (staphylococcal enterotoxins), SpA (staphylococcal protein A), TSST-1 (Toxic shock syndrom toxin-1) and other factors. Staphylococcal nucleases (SNases) are extracellular nucleases that serve as genomic markers for Staphylococcus aureus. Interestingly, a human homologue of SNases, SND1 (staphylococcal nuclease and Tudor domain-containing 1), has been recognized as an oncoprotein. This review is the first to summarize the reported basic and clinical evidence on staphylococci and neoplasms. Investigations on the correlation between Staphylococcus and the occurrence, development, diagnosis and treatment of breast, skin, oral, colon and other cancers, are made from the perspectives of various virulence factors and SND1.

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Slany, Michal, Martina Vanerkova, Eva Nemcova, Barbora Zaloudikova, Filip Ruzicka, and Tomas Freiberger. "Differentiation of Staphylococcus spp. by high-resolution melting analysis." Canadian Journal of Microbiology 56, no. 12 (December 2010): 1040–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/w10-091.

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High-resolution melting analysis (HRMA) is a fast (post-PCR) high-throughput method to scan for sequence variations in a target gene. The aim of this study was to test the potential of HRMA to distinguish particular bacterial species of the Staphylococcus genus even when using a broad-range PCR within the 16S rRNA gene where sequence differences are minimal. Genomic DNA samples isolated from 12 reference staphylococcal strains ( Staphylococcus aureus , Staphylococcus capitis , Staphylococcus caprae , Staphylococcus epidermidis , Staphylococcus haemolyticus , Staphylococcus hominis , Staphylococcus intermedius , Staphylococcus saprophyticus , Staphylococcus sciuri , Staphylococcus simulans , Staphylococcus warneri , and Staphylococcus xylosus ) were subjected to a real-time PCR amplification of the 16S rRNA gene in the presence of fluorescent dye EvaGreen™, followed by HRMA. Melting profiles were used as molecular fingerprints for bacterial species differentiation. HRMA of S. saprophyticus and S. xylosus resulted in undistinguishable profiles because of their identical sequences in the analyzed 16S rRNA region. The remaining reference strains were fully differentiated either directly or via high-resolution plots obtained by heteroduplex formation between coamplified PCR products of the tested staphylococcal strain and phylogenetically unrelated strain.

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Navaratna, Maduwe A. D. B., Hans-Georg Sahl, and John R. Tagg. "Two-Component Anti-Staphylococcus aureusLantibiotic Activity Produced by Staphylococcus aureusC55." Applied and Environmental Microbiology 64, no. 12 (December 1, 1998): 4803–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/aem.64.12.4803-4808.1998.

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ABSTRACT Staphylococcus aureus C55 was shown to produce bacteriocin activity comprising three distinct peptide components, termed staphylococcins C55α, C55β, and C55γ. The three peptides were purified to homogeneity by a simple four-step purification procedure that consisted of ammonium sulfate precipitation followed by XAD-2 and reversed-phase (C8 and C18) chromatography. The yield following C8 chromatography was about 86%, with a more-than-300-fold increase in specific activity. When combined in approximately equimolar amounts, staphylococcins C55α and C55β acted synergistically to kill S. aureus or Micrococcus luteus but not S. epidermidis strains. The N-terminal amino acid sequences of all three peptides were obtained and staphylococcins C55α and C55β were shown to be lanthionine-containing (lantibiotic) molecules with molecular weights of 3,339 and 2,993, respectively. The C55γ peptide did not appear to be a lantibiotic, nor did it augment the inhibitory activities of staphylococcin C55α and/or C55β. Plasmids of 2.5 and 32.0 kb are present in strain C55, and following growth of this strain at elevated temperature (42°C), a large proportion of the progeny failed to produce strong bacteriocin activity and also lost the 32.0-kb plasmid. Protoplast transformation of these bacteria with purified 32-kb plasmid DNA regenerates the ability to produce the strong bacteriocin activity.

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7

Iversen, Søren, Thor Bech Johannesen, Anna Cäcilia Ingham, Sofie Marie Edslev, Staffan Tevell, Emeli Månsson, Åsa Nilsdotter-Augustinsson, Bo Söderquist, Marc Stegger, and Paal Skytt Andersen. "Alteration of Bacterial Communities in Anterior Nares and Skin Sites of Patients Undergoing Arthroplasty Surgery: Analysis by 16S rRNA and Staphylococcal-Specific tuf Gene Sequencing." Microorganisms 8, no. 12 (December 12, 2020): 1977. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/microorganisms8121977.

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The aim was to study alterations of bacterial communities in patients undergoing hip or knee arthroplasty to assess the impact of chlorhexidine gluconate soap decolonisation and systemic antibiotic prophylaxis. A Swedish multicentre, prospective collection of samples obtained from elective arthroplasty patients (n = 83) by swabbing anterior nares, skin sites in the groin and the site of planned surgery, before and after arthroplasty surgery, was analysed by 16S rRNA (V3-V4) gene sequencing and a complementary targeted tuf gene sequencing approach to comprehensively characterise alterations in staphylococcal communities. Significant reductions in alpha diversity was detected for both bacterial (p = 0.04) and staphylococcal (p = 0.03) groin communities after arthroplasty surgery with significant reductions in relative Corynebacterium (p = 0.001) abundance and Staphylococcus hominis (p = 0.01) relative staphylococcal abundance. In nares, significant reductions occurred for Staphylococcus hominis (p = 0.02), Staphylococcus haemolyticus (p = 0.02), and Staphylococcus pasteuri (p = 0.003) relative to other staphylococci. Staphylococcus aureus colonised 35% of anterior nares before and 26% after arthroplasty surgery. Staphylococcus epidermidis was the most abundant staphylococcal species at all sampling sites. No bacterial genus or staphylococcal species increased significantly after arthroplasty surgery. Application of a targeted tuf gene sequencing approach provided auxiliary staphylococcal community profiles and allowed species-level characterisation directly from low biomass clinical samples.

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8

ARATA, JIRO. "Staphylococcus and staphylococcal infections. 5. Toxins of Staphylococcus aureus and toxin related diseases." Nishi Nihon Hifuka 50, no. 5 (1988): 902–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.2336/nishinihonhifu.50.902.

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9

Skalka, B. "Antagonistic Effect of Staphylococcus hyicus and Staphylococcus chromogenes Exhibited on Staphylococcal Delta Hemolysin." Acta Veterinaria Brno 60, no. 1 (1991): 61–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.2754/avb199160010061.

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10

Edslev, Sofie Marie, Caroline Meyer Olesen, Line Brok Nørreslet, Anna Cäcilia Ingham, Søren Iversen, Berit Lilje, Maja-Lisa Clausen, et al. "Staphylococcal Communities on Skin Are Associated with Atopic Dermatitis and Disease Severity." Microorganisms 9, no. 2 (February 19, 2021): 432. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/microorganisms9020432.

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The skin microbiota of atopic dermatitis (AD) patients is characterized by increased Staphylococcus aureus colonization, which exacerbates disease symptoms and has been linked to reduced bacterial diversity. Skin bacterial communities in AD patients have mostly been described at family and genus levels, while species-level characterization has been limited. In this study, we investigated the role of the bacteria belonging to the Staphylococcus genus using targeted sequencing of the tuf gene with genus-specific primers. We compared staphylococcal communities on lesional and non-lesional skin of AD patients, as well as AD patients with healthy controls, and determined the absolute abundance of bacteria present at each site. We observed that the staphylococcal community, bacterial alpha diversity, and bacterial densities were similar on lesional and non-lesional skin, whereas AD severity was associated with significant changes in staphylococcal composition. Increased S. aureus, Staphylococcus capitis, and Staphylococcus lugdunensis abundances were correlated with increased severity. Conversely, Staphylococcus hominis abundance was negatively correlated with severity. Furthermore, S. hominis relative abundance was reduced on AD skin compared to healthy skin. In conclusion, various staphylococcal species appear to be important for skin health.

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11

ARATA, JIRO. "Staphylococcus and staphylococcal infections. 2. Coagulase negative staphylococcal infections." Nishi Nihon Hifuka 50, no. 2 (1988): 303–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.2336/nishinihonhifu.50.303.

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12

Cunha and R. A. O. Calsolari. "Toxigenicity in Staphylococcus aureus and Coagulase-Negative Staphylococci: Epidemiological and Molecular Aspects." Microbiology Insights 1 (January 2008): MBI.S796. http://dx.doi.org/10.4137/mbi.s796.

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Representatives of the Staphylococcus genus are the most common pathogens found in hospital environments, and they are etiological agents for a large variety of infections. Various virulence factors are responsible for the symptoms and severity of infections caused by Staphylococcus aureus. Among them are staphylococcal enterotoxins (SEs), which cause staphylococcal food poisoning, and toxic shock syndrome toxin-1 (TSST-1). Some reports indicate that TSST-1 and staphylococcal enterotoxins are also produced by coagulase-negative staphylococci (CNS). The present review aimed to discuss general aspects of staphylococcal toxins as well as the epidemiology, genetics and detection of toxins in Staphylococcus aureus and coagulase-negative staphylococci, since these microorganisms are becoming more and more frequent in nosocomial infections.

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13

Montanari, Chiara, Diana I. Serrazanetti, Giovanna Felis, Sandra Torriani, Giulia Tabanelli, Rosalba Lanciotti, and Fausto Gardini. "New insights in thermal resistance of staphylococcal strains belonging to the species Staphylococcus epidermidis, Staphylococcus lugdunensis and Staphylococcus aureus." Food Control 50 (April 2015): 605–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.foodcont.2014.09.039.

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14

Tormo, M. Ángeles, Erwin Knecht, Friedrich Götz, Iñigo Lasa, and José R. Penadés. "Bap-dependent biofilm formation by pathogenic species of Staphylococcus: evidence of horizontal gene transfer?" Microbiology 151, no. 7 (July 1, 2005): 2465–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.1099/mic.0.27865-0.

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The biofilm-associated protein (Bap) is a surface protein implicated in biofilm formation by Staphylococcus aureus isolated from chronic mastitis infections. The bap gene is carried in a putative composite transposon inserted in SaPIbov2, a mobile staphylococcal pathogenicity island. In this study, bap orthologue genes from several staphylococcal species, including Staphylococcus epidermidis, Staphylococcus chromogenes, Staphylococcus xylosus, Staphylococcus simulans and Staphylococcus hyicus, were identified, cloned and sequenced. Sequence analysis comparison of the bap gene from these species revealed a very high sequence similarity, suggesting the horizontal gene transfer of SaPIbov2 amongst them. However, sequence analyses of the flanking region revealed that the bap gene of these species was not contained in the SaPIbov2 pathogenicity island. Although they did not contain the icaADBC operon, all the coagulase-negative staphylococcal isolates harbouring bap were strong biofilm producers. Disruption of the bap gene in S. epidermidis abolished its capacity to form a biofilm, whereas heterologous complementation of a biofilm-negative strain of S. aureus with the Bap protein from S. epidermidis bestowed the capacity to form a biofilm on a polystyrene surface. Altogether, these results demonstrate that Bap orthologues from coagulase-negative staphylococci induce an alternative mechanism of biofilm formation that is independent of the PIA/PNAG exopolysaccharide.

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15

Chen, Ho-Ching, Chi-Chang Shieh, and Junne-Ming Sung. "IncreasingStaphylococcusSpecies Resistance in Peritoneal Dialysis-Related Peritonitis Over a 10-Year Period in a Single Taiwanese Center." Peritoneal Dialysis International: Journal of the International Society for Peritoneal Dialysis 38, no. 4 (July 2018): 266–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.3747/pdi.2017.00226.

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BackgroundPeritonitis is a major complication of peritoneal dialysis (PD). Staphylococcus species are gram-positive bacteria that are most commonly associated with peritoneal peritonitis. The increasing antimicrobial resistance rate is a severe burden when considering the initial choice of antibiotics. This investigation examined the trends of staphylococcal infection as well as the resistance rate and clinical outcomes from 2006 to 2015 in southern Taiwan.MethodsWe retrospectively investigated all PD-related peritonitis episodes in southern Taiwan between January 2006 and December 2015 and evaluated the clinical characteristics of peritonitis, microbiological prevalence and resistance of Staphylococcus species, and outcomes in patients.ResultsAmong 244 episodes of peritonitis, Staphylococcus species accounted for approximately 65% of the gram-positive bacteria that caused the infection. The methicillin resistance rate among Staphylococcus species substantially increased to 64% by 2015 in both Staphylococcus aureus and coagulase-negative staphylococci in southern Taiwan. Notably, patients with methicillin-resistant staphylococcal infection exhibited a significantly higher hospitalization rate than those with methicillin-sensitive staphylococcal infection. However, the catheter removal rate and transfer to hemodialysis exhibited no differences between the 2 groups.ConclusionPeritonitis is the most serious complication in patients on PD, and microbiological trends have changed over the past 10 years at a single center in southern Taiwan. The number of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus species has substantially increased. Empirical initial antibiotic therapy should be adapted on the basis of the growing microbiological resistance.

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Davit Nugraha, Anna L. Yusuf, Veri Nugraha, Panji Wahlanto, and Marlina Indriastuti. "AKTIVITAS ANTIBAKTERI AIR PERASAN BUAH PEPAYA (Carica papaya L.) TERHADAP PERTUMBUHAN BAKTERI Staphylococcus aureus." Medical Sains : Jurnal Ilmiah Kefarmasian 7, no. 4 (October 18, 2022): 847–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.37874/ms.v7i4.470.

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Bakteri Staphylococus aureus merupakan bakteri patogen dan dapat menyebabkan infeksi mulai dari infeksi kulit ringan sampai dengan infeksi sistemik. Sebagian besar pada awal mulanya Staphylococus aureus peka terhadap penisilin, namun setelah meluasnya penggunaan penisilin ditemukan 65% sampai 85% Staphylococus aureus menghasilkan beta laktamase sehingga menjadi resisten terhadap penisilin G. Hal tersebut diatas mendorong pengobatan alternatif yang aman dan tidak menimbulkan resistensi untuk menanggulangi infeksi bakteri Staphylococus aureus. Perasan buah pepaya sering terdengar penggunaan dimasyarakat untuk pengobatan jerawat secara turun temurun, ini dimungkinkan perasan buah pepaya mempunyai efek anti bakteri Staphylococcus aureus. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui kemampuan daya hambat air perasan buah papaya (Carica Papaya L) terhadap bakteri Staphylococcus aureus. Metode pengujian daya hambat pada air perasan buah papaya menggunakan metode difusi agar dengan konsentrasi 20%, 40%, 60% dan 80%. Air perasan buah pepaya pada penelitian ini mempunyai kemampuan daya hambat yang sedang terhadap pertumbuhan bakteri Staphylococcus aureus, serta konsentrasi yang paling efektif sebesar 60%.

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Werckenthin, Christiane, Marisa Cardoso, Jean-Louis Martel, and Stefan Schwarz. "Antimicrobial resistance in staphylococci from animals with particular reference to bovine Staphylococcus aureus, porcine Staphylococcus hyicus, and canine Staphylococcus intermedius." Veterinary Research 32, no. 3/4 (May 2001): 341–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/vetres:2001129.

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18

Petras, P. "Staphylococcus pulvereri = Staphylococcus vitulus?" International Journal of Systematic Bacteriology 48, no. 2 (April 1, 1998): 617–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.1099/00207713-48-2-617.

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BENNETT, REGINALD W. "Atypical Toxigenic Staphylococcus and Non-Staphylococcus aureus Species on the Horizon? An Update†." Journal of Food Protection 59, no. 10 (October 1, 1996): 1123–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.4315/0362-028x-59.10.1123.

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Staphylococcal food poisoning is a commonly reported illness caused by the ingestion of preformed staphylococcal enterotoxin in foods, With some exceptions, enterotoxin production is associated with coagulase-positive rather than coagulase-negative staphylococci. Of the coagulase-positive staphylococcal species, S. aureus was historically thought to be exclusively implicated in human foodborne illness. More recently, however, other coagulase-positive and some coagulase-negative staphylococcal species have been associated with foodborne intoxication, Coagulase activity has been used to indicate pathogenicity of a foodborne isolate, and thermostable nuclease is being suggested as a more reliable indictor of enterotoxigenicity. Evidence suggests that the metabolic expressions that are the bases of the tests may not be reliable indicators of pathogenicity. A more useful approach to determine the pathogenicity of a Staphylococcus species is to test directly for enterotoxigenicity with one of the new rapid methods. None of the conventional ancillary identification tests has been conclusively associated with enterotoxin synthesis. Furthermore, evidence exists that enterotoxin production is a characteristic of several species in the genus Staphylococcus.

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20

Lau, W. Y., C. H. Teoh-Chan, S. T. Fan, and K. F. Lau. "In vitro and in vivo study of fosfomycin in methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus septicaemia." Journal of Hygiene 96, no. 3 (June 1986): 419–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0022172400066183.

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SUMMARYFive hundred strains of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus were tested against various anti-staphylococcal agents. Vancomycin, fusidic acid and fosfomycin were found to be the most effective. Only 1 strain out of 500 was resistant to fosfomycin. Three patients with methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus septicaemia were successfully treated by fosfomycin. We conclude that fosfomycin could be the drug of choice for methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus infection.

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Beloshitskiy, G. V., I. S. Koroleva, and M. A. Koroleva. "Epidemiological characteristics of staphylococcal meningitis in Russian Federation." Medical alphabet, no. 18 (August 19, 2021): 51–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.33667/2078-5631-2021-18-51-54.

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Staphylococcal meningitis (SM) ranks fourth in the etiological structure of purulent bacterial meningitis in the Russian Federation. The most common cause of staphylococcal meningitis is Staphylococcus aureus, which accounts for 68 % of all cases. This meningitis is characterized by a higher mortality rate (30 %) than staphylococcal meningitis of other types of Staphylococcus (13 %) and mainly affects people over 25 years of age. With increasing age, the probability of death increases, and among people over 65 years of age, the mortality rate reaches 44 %.

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Zutic, Milenko, Ivana Cirkovic, Ljiljana Pavlovic, Jelena Asanin, Snezana Jovanovic, Jadranka Zutic, and Ruzica Asanin. "First isolation of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus from pigs’ clinical samples in Serbia." Acta Veterinaria Brno 81, no. 3 (2012): 225–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.2754/avb201281030225.

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Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus is a highly important human pathogen that is also a significant concern in veterinary medicine. Despite the high prevalence of colonization, clinical infections with methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus appear to be rare in pigs. Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus was isolated from a sow with endometritis and her five piglets with dermatitis originating from a Serbian farm. Identification of the strains was done by automated system and confirmed by polymerase chain reaction for mecA and nuc genes. Detection of Staphylococcal Cassette Chromosome mec type was performed by multiplex polymerase chain reaction. Antimicrobial susceptibility testing on erythromycin, clindamycin, gentamicin, kanamycin, tobramycin, ciprofloxacin, tetracycline, trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole and vancomycin was done by disc diffusion method. Six isolated strains from the infected sow and her piglets showed resistance only to tetracycline beside resistance to all beta-lactam antibiotics. In the tested methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus isolates, Staphylococcal Cassette Chromosome mec type V was present. To our knowledge, this finding is the first documented detection of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus from pigs’ clinical samples in Serbia. The results of our study indicate the emergence of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus in a pig farm in Serbia highlighting the threat of this antibiotic-resistant microorganism as a pathogen causing both animal and human infections.

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Oluyemi, Omoya Funmilola, and Daramola Tolulope Amos. "Molecular Assessment of Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus Aureus Strains in Domestic Effluents of a University Community Akure, Nigeria." International Journal of Advance Research and Innovation 10, no. 3 (2022): 46–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.51976/ijari.1032207.

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Domestic effluents were collected from the kitchen, bathroom, laundry of students’ hostels and the effluents were bacteriologically analysed. The molecular identity and methicillin-resistant gene assay of selected multidrug resistant Staphylococcus aureus strains were conducted via 16S rRNA sequencing. Bathroom effluents obtained from Jadesola hostel had the highest staphylococcal count of 38.04±2.31 CFU/100 ml, while Adeniyi hostel had the least at 1.25±0.05 CFU/100 ml. All presumptive Staphylococcus species isolated from the domestic effluents produced a coagulase-positive outcome. The domestic effluents sourced 2 m away from the original source in FUTA hostels had the Staphylococcus aureus percentage occurrence of 15 % (45.76) whilst a low percentage occurrence was recorded in tap water obtained from the hostel locations at 1 % (8.48%). Staphylococcus aureus isolated in effluents from Abiola male hostel and FUTA staff quarters were resistant to oxacillin at 11.50±0.55 and 12.00±0.00 mm respectively. Staphylococcus aureus strain 1, 2, 6, 7, 8, 13 and 14 were positive with Mec A gene bands at approximately 300 base pairs. The Staphylococcus aureus strains isolated from this study showed phenotypic resistance to oxacillin, a drug proxy of methicillin in Staphylococcal therapy. The unsystematic expulsion of untreated domestic effluents into water channels should be prohibited.

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Achek, Rachid, Helmut Hotzel, Ibrahim Nabi, Souad Kechida, Djamila Mami, Nassima Didouh, Herbert Tomaso, et al. "Phenotypic and Molecular Detection of Biofilm Formation in Staphylococcus aureus Isolated from Different Sources in Algeria." Pathogens 9, no. 2 (February 24, 2020): 153. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/pathogens9020153.

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Staphylococcus aureus is an opportunistic bacterium causing a wide variety of diseases. Biofilm formation of Staphylococcus aureus is of primary public and animal health concern. The purposes of the present study were to investigate the ability of Staphylococcus aureus isolated from animals, humans, and food samples to form biofilms and to screen for the presence of biofilm-associated and regulatory genes. In total, 55 Staphylococcus aureus isolated from sheep mastitis cases (n = 28), humans (n = 19), and from food matrices (n = 8) were identified using matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry (MALDI-TOF MS). The ability of Staphylococcus aureus for slime production and biofilm formation was determined quantitatively. A DNA microarray examination was performed to detect adhesion genes (icaACD and biofilm-associated protein gene (bap)), genes encoding microbial surface components recognizing adhesive matrix molecules (MSCRAMMs), regulatory genes (accessory gene regulator (agr) and staphylococcal accessory regulator (sarA)), and the staphylococcal cassette chromosome mec elements (SCCmec). Out of 55 Staphylococcus aureus isolates, 39 (71.0%) and 23 (41.8%) were producing slime and biofilm, respectively. All Staphylococcus aureus strains isolated from food showed biofilm formation ability. 52.6% of the Staphylococcus aureus strains isolated from sheep with mastitis, and 17.9% of isolates from humans, were able to form a biofilm. Microarray analysis typed the Staphylococcus aureus into 15 clonal complexes. Among all Staphylococcus aureus isolates, four of the human isolates (21.1%) harbored the mecA gene (SCCmec type IV) typed into 2 clonal complexes (CC22-MRSA-IV and CC80-MRSA-IV) and were considered as methicillin-resistant, while two of them were slime-producing. None of the isolates from sheep with mastitis harbored the cna gene which is associated with biofilm production. The fnbB gene was found in 100%, 60% and 40% of biofilm-producing Staphylococcus aureus isolated from food, humans, and sheep with mastitis, respectively. Three agr groups were present and agr group III was predominant with 43.6%, followed by agr group I (38.2%), and agr group II (18.2%). This study revealed the capacity of Staphylococcus aureus isolates to form biofilms and highlighted the genetic background displayed by Staphylococcus aureus isolates from different sources in Algeria.

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Jukes, Leanne, Jane Mikhail, Naledi Bome-Mannathoko, Stephen J. Hadfield, Llinos G. Harris, Khalid El-Bouri, Angharad P. Davies, and Dietrich Mack. "Rapid differentiation of Staphylococcus aureus, Staphylococcus epidermidis and other coagulase-negative staphylococci and meticillin susceptibility testing directly from growth-positive blood cultures by multiplex real-time PCR." Journal of Medical Microbiology 59, no. 12 (December 1, 2010): 1456–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.1099/jmm.0.023168-0.

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This study evaluated a multiplex real-time PCR method specific for the mecA, femA-SA and femA-SE genes for rapid identification of Staphylococcus aureus, Staphylococcus epidermidis and non-S. epidermidis coagulase-negative staphylococci (CoNS), and meticillin susceptibility testing directly in positive blood cultures that grew Gram-positive cocci in clusters. A total of 100 positive blood cultures produced: 39 S. aureus [12 meticillin-resistant S. aureus (MRSA), 31 % of all the S. aureus]; 30 S. epidermidis (56.6 % of the CoNS), 8 Staphylococcus capitis (15.1 %), 3 Staphylococcus saprophyticus (5.7 %), 4 Staphylococcus hominis (7.5 %), 3 Staphylococcus haemolyticus (5.7 %), 2 Staphylococcus warneri (3.8 %), 1 Staphylococcus cohnii (1.9 %) and 2 unidentified Staphylococcus spp. (3.8 %); and 1 Micrococcus luteus in pure culture. Two blood cultures had no growth on subculture and five blood cultures grew mixed CoNS. For the 95 blood cultures with pure growth or no growth on subculture, there was very good agreement between real-time PCR and the BD Phoenix identification system for staphylococcal species categorization in S. aureus, S. epidermidis and non-S. epidermidis CoNS and meticillin-resistance determination (Cohen's unweighted kappa coefficient κ=0.882). All MRSA and meticillin-susceptible S. aureus were correctly identified by mecA amplification. PCR amplification of mecA was more sensitive for direct detection of meticillin-resistant CoNS in positive blood cultures than testing with the BD Phoenix system. There were no major errors when identifying staphylococcal isolates and their meticillin susceptibility within 2.5 h. Further studies are needed to evaluate the clinical benefit of using such a rapid test on the consumption of glycopeptide antibiotics and the alteration of empiric therapy in the situation of positive blood cultures growing staphylococci, and the respective clinical outcomes.

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Pantůček, Roman, Ivo Sedláček, Petr Petráš, Dagmar Koukalová, Pavel Švec, Vlastimil Štětina, Marc Vancanneyt, et al. "Staphylococcus simiae sp. nov., isolated from South American squirrel monkeys." International Journal of Systematic and Evolutionary Microbiology 55, no. 5 (September 1, 2005): 1953–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.1099/ijs.0.63590-0.

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Eight coagulase-negative, oxidase-negative and novobiocin-susceptible staphylococcal strains were isolated from the gastrointestinal tracts of South American squirrel monkeys (Saimiri sciureus L.). These strains were differentiated from known staphylococcal species on the basis of 16S rRNA gene and hsp60 gene sequencing, and from the most closely related species by using DNA–DNA hybridization, ribotyping, whole-cell protein profiles and biotyping. Phylogenetic analysis based on 16S rRNA gene sequences confirmed that these strains are members of the Staphylococcus aureus species group (99 % similarity) but are biochemically similar to Staphylococcus piscifermentans, from which they can be phenotypically distinguished by resistance to polymyxin B, acid production from d-mannitol, the inability to hydrolyse aesculin and DNA and the absence of α-glucosidase. On the basis of these analyses, a novel species of the genus Staphylococcus is described, for which the name Staphylococcus simiae sp. nov. is proposed, with CCM 7213T (=LMG 22723T) as the type strain.

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PEXARA, A., A. BOURRIEL, and A. GOVARIS. "Staphylococcus aureus and Staphylococcal enterotoxins in foodborne diseases." Journal of the Hellenic Veterinary Medical Society 61, no. 4 (March 22, 2018): 316. http://dx.doi.org/10.12681/jhvms.14904.

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Staphylococcal food poisoning (SFP) is one of the most significant foodborne diseases. It is a mild intoxication, which is caused by the ingestion of food containing one or more preformed staphylococcal enterotoxins (SEs). The toxic dose of SEs in human is usually ranged from 20 ng to 1 μg. SEs are proteins produced by Staphylococcus spp in various parts of the environment, including foods. Although several staphylococci can produce SEs, the majority of SFP cases is attributed to S. aureus. Traditionally, five antigenic SE types have been recognized: SEA, SEB, SEC, SED and SEE. During the 1990's, new SEs (SEG, SEH, SEI and SEJ) were reported and their genes were described. Several studies revealed that SEH, SEG and SEI were, also, involved in the gastroenteric syndrome. More recent data have indicated the presence of "new" SE genes and new SEs, designatedas "staphylococcal enterotoxin-like" (SEI). The role of SEI in food poisoning has not yet been clarified. In contrast to S. aureus,SEs are remarkably heat resistant (D-values of 3-8 min at 121 ° C). They may be present in foods even when viable cells of S. aureus are absent. The enterotoxins are, also, resistant to proteolytic enzymes. It is generally accepted that toxic levels of SEs are produced in foods when S. aureus concentration exceeds 105 cfu/ml. S. aureus can grow at a temperature range of 7-48.5°C, with optimum30-37°C, a pH range of 4.2-9.3, with optimum 7-7.5, minimum aw of 0.86, and up to 15% NaCl. SEs can be produced at a temperature range of 10-46 ° C, with optimum 40-45 ° C, a pH range of 4.8-9.0, with optimum 5.3-7.0, and aw range of 0.86-0.99,with optimum 0.90. Among the foods implicated in SFP are usually milk, dairy products and meat. SEA and SED are usuallyidentified in foodborne outbreaks, while SEC is an important cause of SFP associated with the consumption of dairy products.The European regulation has set criteria for presence of SEs in cheeses, milk powder and whey powder (Regulation EC, 2073/2005).If population of coagulase-positive staphylococci in samples exceeds 105 cfu/g, these samples should be further tested for thepresence of SEs. In this case, SEs must not be detected in 25 g of the products.

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Hovelius, Birgitta, and Per-anders Mårdh. "Haemagglutination by Staphylococcus Saprophyticus And Other Staphylococcal Species." Acta Pathologica Microbiologica Scandinavica Section B Microbiology 87B, no. 1-6 (August 15, 2009): 45–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1699-0463.1979.tb02401.x.

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Brzezińska-Blaszczyk, E., and M. Wasiela. "Vaginal Bacterial Flora Activates Rat Peritoneal Mast Cells." International Journal of Immunopathology and Pharmacology 15, no. 3 (September 2002): 233–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/039463200201500310.

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Sixteen strains of physiological and pathological vaginal bacteria were tested for their ability to secrete histamine from rat peritoneal mast cells in vitro. We noticed that Mycoplasma hominis -induced histamine release was very high (up to 53.6%). The stimulation of rat mast cells with Staphylococccus cohnii, Staphylococcus coagulase(-) (two strains), Ureaplasma urealyticum, Peptostreptococcus spp., Bacteroides capillosus, Staphylococcus aureus and Streptococcus agalactiae resulted in lower, but significant histamine secretion (11.2%–17.5%). Other bacterial strains ( Staphylococcus epidermidids, Enterococcus faecalis, Escherichia coli, Actinomyces naeslundii (two strains) and Lactobacillus fermentum (two strains) caused very low (4.2 % – 8.8%) histamine release.

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Devriese, Luc A., Katleen Hermans, Margo Baele, and Freddy Haesebrouck. "Staphylococcus pseudintermedius versus Staphylococcus intermedius." Veterinary Microbiology 133, no. 1-2 (January 2009): 206–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.vetmic.2008.06.002.

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SHIMIZU, Akira. "Coagulase-negative staphylococci and Staphylococcus hyicus subsp. hyicus." Nippon Saikingaku Zasshi 42, no. 2 (1987): 479–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.3412/jsb.42.479.

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Nurul Fhadila, Suliati P. Amir, Inna Mutmainnah Musa, Yusriani Mangarengi, and Nur Aulia. "Identifikasi Bakteri Penyebab Konjungtivitis." Fakumi Medical Journal: Jurnal Mahasiswa Kedokteran 3, no. 12 (March 8, 2024): 880–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.33096/fmj.v3i12.420.

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Konjungtivitis merupakan salah satu penyebab umum mata merah yang disebabkan karena adanya infeksi atau non-infeksi pada konjungtiva dan biasanya terjadi pada satu mata yang kemudian menyerang mata sebelahnya dan nantinya dapat menyebar ke orang lain. Konjungtivitis ditandai dengan adanya peradangan, pembengkakan jaringan konjungtiva dan pembuluh darah serta adanya rasa nyeri. Konjungtivitis dapat sembuh sendiri serta mudah di obati. Tujuan dari penelitian ini untuk mengetahui informasi berdasarkan hasil pengkajian identifikasi bakteri penyebab kongjungtivitis. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode literature review dengan pendekatan narrative review. Jenis bakteri yang didapatkan penyebab konjungtivitis adalah Staphylococcus aureus, Streptococcus non hemolitikus, Staphylococcus pneumoniae, Bacillus subtilis, Staphylococcus albus, Lactobacillus spp, Staphylococcu epidermidis, Streptococcus sp, Staphylococcu saprophyticus, Streptococcus pyogenes untuk gram positif dan bakteri gram negatif penyebab konjungtivitis adalah Proteus spp, Escherichia coli, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Citrobacter spp, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Enterobacter spp, Haemophilusinfluenzae, Diplococcus gram negatif, Pseudomonas klebsiella.

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Older, Caitlin E., Aline Rodrigues Hoffmann, Kathleen Hoover, and Frane Banovic. "Characterization of Cutaneous Bacterial Microbiota from Superficial Pyoderma Forms in Atopic Dogs." Pathogens 9, no. 8 (August 6, 2020): 638. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/pathogens9080638.

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Although Staphylococcus pseudintermedius is considered the major pathogen associated with superficial canine pyoderma, no study has investigated the entire bacterial community in these lesions with molecular techniques. The objectives of this study were to characterize the bacterial microbiota in two forms of superficial canine pyoderma lesions, superficial bacterial folliculitis (SBF) and epidermal collarette (EC), especially in terms of the staphylococcal community. Swabs from 12 SBF and 9 EC lesions were obtained from eight and six atopic dogs, respectively. Eight samples from the axilla and groin of four healthy dogs served as controls. DNA was extracted for 16S rRNA gene sequencing and quantitative polymerase chain reaction of Staphylococcus spp. and S. pseudintermedius. Healthy skin samples harbored significantly more diverse bacterial communities than pyoderma samples. Healthy samples had communities that were more similar to each other, and were distinct from pyoderma samples. Staphylococcus spp. abundance was increased in pyoderma samples, especially those from EC samples. Although determining species-level identities of staphylococcal sequences revealed many species, S. pseudintermedius was the primary staphylococcal species found in all sample types. As expected, there are many differences in the microbiota when comparing healthy and canine pyoderma lesions samples. These lesions do not seem to be associated with a change in the relative abundance of specific Staphylococcus species, but simply an overall increase in Staphylococcus spp. abundance. The results of this study provide a starting point for future studies investigating how antimicrobial treatments may further change the microbiota associated with these lesions.

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Wakabayashi, Yuki, Kaoru Umeda, Shinya Yonogi, Hiromi Nakamura, Kaori Yamamoto, Yuko Kumeda, and Kentaro Kawatsu. "Staphylococcal food poisoning caused by Staphylococcus argenteus harboring staphylococcal enterotoxin genes." International Journal of Food Microbiology 265 (January 2018): 23–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ijfoodmicro.2017.10.022.

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De Bel, Annelies, Koenraad Van Hoorde, Ingrid Wybo, Kristof Vandoorslaer, Fedoua Echahidi, Evie De Brandt, Peter Schumann, et al. "Staphylococcus jettensis sp. nov., a coagulase-negative staphylococcal species isolated from human clinical specimens." International Journal of Systematic and Evolutionary Microbiology 63, Pt_9 (September 1, 2013): 3250–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.1099/ijs.0.044438-0.

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Eight coagulase-negative, novobiocin-susceptible staphylococcal strains were isolated from human clinical specimens at two different Belgian medical facilities. All strains were non-motile, Gram-stain-positive, catalase-positive cocci. DNA G+C content, peptidoglycan type, menaquinone pattern, the presence of teichoic acid and cellular fatty acid composition were in agreement with the characteristics of species of the genus Staphylococcus . Sequencing of the 16S rRNA gene and four housekeeping genes (dnaJ, tuf, gap and rpoB) demonstrated that these strains constitute a separate taxon within the genus Staphylococcus . Less than 41 % DNA–DNA hybridization with the most closely related species of the genus Staphylococcus ( Staphylococcus haemolyticus , Staphylococcus hominis and Staphlococcus lugdunensis ) was observed. Key biochemical characteristics that allowed these bacteria to be distinguished from their nearest phylogenetic neighbours are arginine dihydrolase positivity, ornithine decarboxylase negativity and inability to produce acid aerobically from d-mannose, α-lactose and turanose. Acid is produced aerobically from trehalose. Based on these results, a novel species of the genus Staphylococcus is described and named Staphylococcus jettensis sp. nov. The type strain is SEQ110T ( = LMG 26879T = CCUG 62657T = DSM 26618T).

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Loncaric, Igor, Alexander Tichy, Silvia Handler, Michael Szostak, Mareike Tickert, Magda Diab-Elschahawi, Joachim Spergser, and Frank Künzel. "Prevalence of Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus sp. (MRS) in Different Companion Animals and Determination of Risk Factors for Colonization with MRS." Antibiotics 8, no. 2 (April 5, 2019): 36. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/antibiotics8020036.

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The aim of this study was to detect the prevalence of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus sp. (MRS) in populations of companion animals that either have previously been exposed or have not been exposed to antibiotic therapy or veterinary facilities, and if owners’ healthcare profession had an influence on colonization with MRS. In addition, the antimicrobial resistance pheno- and genotype were investigated and risks for colonization with MRS were assessed. During this study, 347 nasal swabs (dogs n = 152; cats n = 107; rabbits n = 88) were investigated for the presence of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA). In addition, 131 nasal swabs (dogs n = 79; cats n = 47; rabbits = 3; guinea pigs = 2) were examined for the presence of MRSA but also other MRS. In total, 23 MRS isolates belonged to nine staphylococcal species: Staphylococcus epidermidis (n = 11), Staphylococcus warneri (n = 3), Staphylococcus hominis (n = 2), Staphylococcus pseudintermedius (n = 2), and singletons Staphylococcus cohnii, Staphylococcus sciuri, Staphylococcus fleurettii, Staphylococcus lentus, and Staphylococcus haemolyticus. Twenty isolates displayed a multidrug-resistant phenotype. Various resistance and biocide resistance genes were detected among the examined staphylococci. Risk assessment for MRS colonization was conducted using a number of factors, including animal species, breed, age, gender, recent veterinary health care hospitalization, and antibiotic prescription, resulting in recent veterinary health care hospitalization being a significant risk factor. The detection of multidrug-resistant MRS in healthy animals is of importance due to their zoonotic potential.

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Boynukara, Banur, Timur Gulhan, Kemal Gurturk, Mustafa Alisarli, and Erdal Ogun. "Evolution of slime production by coagulase-negative staphylococci and enterotoxigenic characteristics of Staphylococcus aureus strains isolated from various human clinical specimens." Journal of Medical Microbiology 56, no. 10 (October 1, 2007): 1296–300. http://dx.doi.org/10.1099/jmm.0.47140-0.

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The present study was designed to determine the slime production of coagulase-negative staphylococci (CoNS) and the enterotoxigenic properties of Staphylococcus aureus strains, and to evaluate the clinical importance of slime-producing CoNS and enterotoxigenic S. aureus strains isolated from various human clinical specimens. For this purpose, a total of 120 Staphylococcus strains were isolated and identified, and further characterized for their slime production and enterotoxigenicity. Of the clinical isolates, 55 (45.8 %) were found to be S. aureus, and the others (54.2 %) were identified as CoNS. Of the CoNS, 20 (16.7 %) were further identified as Staphylococcus hominis, 18 (15 %) as Staphylococcus epidermidis, six (5 %) as Staphylococcus xylosus, six (5 %) as Staphylococcus warneri, five (4.2 %) as Staphylococcus sciuri, four (3.3 %) as Staphylococcus haemolyticus, and two each (1.7 %) as Staphylococcus simulans, Staphylococcus capitis and Staphylococcus saprophyticus, respectively. Thirty-nine (60 %) of 65 CoNS were found to be slime producers. Slime production was observed in all CoNS, except S. capitis, mostly from blood (38.5 %), tracheal aspiration (20.5 %) and urine (12.8 %) specimens. In addition, of the 55 S. aureus isolates, 46 (83.6 %) were found to be enterotoxigenic, and of these S. aureus strains, 39 (84.7 %) were positive for staphylococcal enterotoxin (SE)A. The results of this study showed that the slime-producing CoNS were mostly found in clinical specimens of blood, tracheal aspirate and urine. SEA was the predominant enterotoxin type detected in S. aureus strains from human clinical specimens.

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Dinges, Martin M., Paul M. Orwin, and Patrick M. Schlievert. "Exotoxins of Staphylococcus aureus." Clinical Microbiology Reviews 13, no. 1 (January 1, 2000): 16–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/cmr.13.1.16.

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SUMMARY This article reviews the literature regarding the structure and function of two types of exotoxins expressed by Staphylococcus aureus, pyrogenic toxin superantigens (PTSAgs) and hemolysins. The molecular basis of PTSAg toxicity is presented in the context of two diseases known to be caused by these exotoxins: toxic shock syndrome and staphylococcal food poisoning. The family of staphylococcal PTSAgs presently includes toxic shock syndrome toxin-1 (TSST-1) and most of the staphylococcal enterotoxins (SEs) (SEA, SEB, SEC, SED, SEE, SEG, and SEH). As the name implies, the PTSAgs are multifunctional proteins that invariably exhibit lethal activity, pyrogenicity, superantigenicity, and the capacity to induce lethal hypersensitivity to endotoxin. Other properties exhibited by one or more staphylococcal PTSAgs include emetic activity (SEs) and penetration across mucosal barriers (TSST-1). A detailed review of the molecular mechanisms underlying the toxicity of the staphylococcal hemolysins is also presented.

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Khaleel1, Ayman Mohammed, Adeeba Younis Shareef, and ,. Shakeeba Younis Shareef. "Study the antibiotics sensitivity and beta- lactamase productivity of some Staphylococcus spp. Isolates from different sources of the Al Jamhoree Teaching Hospital in Mosul City." Tikrit Journal of Pure Science 24, no. 7 (December 18, 2019): 27. http://dx.doi.org/10.25130/j.v24i7.907.

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The study includes the isolation of certain types of Gram-positive bacteria Staphylococcus spp..The sample materials (blood, wounds, burns) were collected from both genders of all age groups of inpatients in Al Jamhoree Teaching Hospital in the Mosul during June till end of November 2018. Staphylococcus aureus was the most common among the isolates with 7 isolates(38.9%) followed by Staphylococcus epidermidis, Staphylococcus scriuri Staphylococcus lentus (Staphylococcus simulans) with 2 isolates each with 11.1% followed by Staphylococcus chromogenase, Staphylococcu scapilis and Staphylococcus xylosus with one isolate for each one 5.5%. The number of isolates was 9 isolates and 50%, followed by wound samples. The isolates were 6 isolated by 33% and the samples of burns were 3 isolates. 17% were isolated and Staphylococcus aureus was the most dominant species. The sensitivity of bacterial isolates was studied for 15 antibiotics for different antibiotic groups. The results showed that a difference in the resistance ratio of the isolates to these antagonists, as they were resistant to the Ceftrixone, Cloxacillin 100%. The Ciprofloxacillin, Gentamycin, Pipracillin, and Amikacin resistance were reduced. The Ciprofloxacillin antagonist was the most affected on the bacterial isolates studied, followed by the Rifampin. The results showed that the beta-lactamase enzyme was not produced by any of the Iodic methods by 4 bacterial strains, while the rest of the species varied in the susceptibility of production to the enzyme. The Iodine tube is one of the best methods to detect the production of these enzymes. The susceptibility of bacterial species to the production of large-spectrum beta-lactase enzymes was also tested using the National Committee for Clinical Laboratory Standards (NCCL) and the double-disc method. Staphylococcus lentus, Staphylococcus capilis, Staphylococcus chromanogenes The first NCCL has shown a single isolation of Staphylococcus capilis ability to produce it. http://dx.doi.org/10.25130/tjps.24.2019.125

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Ayman Mohammed Khaleel, Adeeba Younis Shareef, and Shakeeba Younis Shareef. "Study the antibiotics sensitivity and beta- lactamase productivity of some Staphylococcus spp. Isolates from different sources of the Al Jamhoree Teaching Hospital in Mosul City." Tikrit Journal of Pure Science 24, no. 7 (December 23, 2019): 27–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.25130/tjps.v24i7.454.

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The study includes the isolation of certain types of Gram-positive bacteria Staphylococcus spp..The sample materials (blood, wounds, burns) were collected from both genders of all age groups of inpatients in Al Jamhoree Teaching Hospital in the Mosul during June till end of November 2018. Staphylococcus aureus was the most common among the isolates with 7 isolates(38.9%) followed by Staphylococcus epidermidis, Staphylococcus scriuri Staphylococcus lentus (Staphylococcus simulans) with 2 isolates each with 11.1% followed by Staphylococcus chromogenase, Staphylococcu scapilis and Staphylococcus xylosus with one isolate for each one 5.5%. The number of isolates was 9 isolates and 50%, followed by wound samples. The isolates were 6 isolated by 33% and the samples of burns were 3 isolates. 17% were isolated and Staphylococcus aureus was the most dominant species. The sensitivity of bacterial isolates was studied for 15 antibiotics for different antibiotic groups. The results showed that a difference in the resistance ratio of the isolates to these antagonists, as they were resistant to the Ceftrixone, Cloxacillin 100%. The Ciprofloxacillin, Gentamycin, Pipracillin, and Amikacin resistance were reduced. The Ciprofloxacillin antagonist was the most affected on the bacterial isolates studied, followed by the Rifampin. The results showed that the beta-lactamase enzyme was not produced by any of the Iodic methods by 4 bacterial strains, while the rest of the species varied in the susceptibility of production to the enzyme. The Iodine tube is one of the best methods to detect the production of these enzymes. The susceptibility of bacterial species to the production of large-spectrum beta-lactase enzymes was also tested using the National Committee for Clinical Laboratory Standards (NCCL) and the double-disc method. Staphylococcus lentus, Staphylococcus capilis, Staphylococcus chromanogenes The first NCCL has shown a single isolation of Staphylococcus capilis ability to produce it

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Kurniyadi, H., A. D. Faiztama, A. P. Widiyanto, F. Aziz, and S. I. O. Salasia. "Detection of New Staphylococcal Enterotoxin Encoding Genes in Staphylococcus aureus Isolated from Animals and Humans in Yogyakarta." IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science 1174, no. 1 (May 1, 2023): 012012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1755-1315/1174/1/012012.

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Abstract Staphylococcal enterotoxins (SE) are essential in human and animal infection and food poisoning. This study analyzed ten genes (sek, sel, sem, sen, seo, sep, seq, ser, ses, and set) encoding new staphylococcal enterotoxin isolated from animals and humans by multiplex polymerase chain reaction (PCR). In Yogyakarta, Indonesia, samples from human infection cases (174 isolates), samples from cattle (5 isolates), and samples from goats (5 isolates) resulted in a total of 183 Staphylococcus aureus isolates.. All isolates were confirmed to be Staphylococcus aureus based on bacterial culture and biochemistry as well as identification of 23S rRNA. The sel gene was most often observed in Staphylococcus aureus isolates from goats (4 isolates, 80%), followed by the 20% sek gene. Isolates Staphylococcus aureus from cattle, the sel gene was most often found 44% (4 isolates), followed by sek gene 22%, sep gene 22% and ser gene 11%. Staphylococcus aureus isolates from humans were found with the most sem genes 22% (38 isolates), followed by 21% sel genes, 14% sek genes, 13% sep genes, 8% sen genes, and 2% ser genes. Staphylococcus aureus isolates from goats and cattle most frequently included the sel gene, whereas those from humans contained the sem gene. Detecting a new type of SE among animals and humans indicates a public health threat due to SE infection. The occurrence of this new type of SE might be used as an approach for controlling infections and food poisoning diseases.

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Kalashnikova, V. A. "MOLECULAR TYPING OF METHICILLIN-SUSCEPTIBLE STAPHYLOCOCCUS AUREUS (MSSA), ISOLATED FROM MONKEYS, BASED ON COAGULASE GENE POLYMORPHISM." Veterinary Science Today, no. 3 (October 3, 2019): 57–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.29326/2304-196x-2019-3-30-57-62.

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Staphylococcus aureus is a very dangerous microorganism that causes more than 100 nosological forms of disease in humans and animals, including pneumonia, skin and soft tissue infections, food toxicoinfections, wound abscess, etc. Numerous studies on genotyping Staphylococcus aureus, isolated from humans, food and bovine mastitis have been carried out. The lack of information on the genotyping of these pathogens detected in monkeys living in captivity served as a stimulus to conduct a similar research, since staphylococcal infections in the primates are widespread. The present study is devoted to the study of the polymorphism of a variable region of the coagulase gene and to the typing of Staphylococcus aureus isolates from monkeys of different species kept at Adler monkey farm. 115 Staphylococcus aureus isolates were studied using phenotypic and molecular genetic methods. Genotyping was performed using PCR, real-time PCR and PCR with subsequent restriction fragment length polymorphism analysis (PCR-RFLP). A real-time PCR analysis allowed to classify all Staphylococcus aureus as methicillin-susceptible staphylococci (MSSA). After amplification of a variable region of the coagulase gene, 4 types of amplicons of 600, 700, 800, and 900 bp were generated. This data demonstrates structural differences of this gene in the studied isolates. The coagulase gene of 900 bp prevailed. The use of the Cfo1 endonuclease allowed to identify 23 different restriction profiles of the coa gene, but only three of them predominated. Staphylococcus aureus bacteria with seven types of coagulase gene were found only in the lungs of monkeys that died of pneumonia. The results obtained suggest that these isolates have tropism for lung tissue. Among Staphylococcus aureus isolated from pneumonia cases, isolates with three types of the coa gene prevailed. Staphylococcus aureus of eleven types of coagulase gene can be attributed to the invasive isolates, since they were detected in the tissues of various organs. Staphylococcal infection in monkeys kept at the monkey farm is caused by genotypically heterogeneous population of Staphylococcus aureus.

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Rivero, Natividad Lago, José L. Legido Soto, Isaac Arias Santos, and Lidia M. Casás. "Differentiation Between $${\varvec{Staphylococcus\,aureus}}$$ Staphylococcus aureus and $${\varvec{Staphylococcus\,epidermidis}}$$ Staphylococcus epidermidis Using Microcalorimetry." International Journal of Thermophysics 34, no. 6 (May 29, 2013): 1039–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10765-013-1448-5.

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Loeto, Daniel, Kabo Wale, Tidimalo Coetzee, Krishna B. Khare*, Thabang Carol Sigwele, Baemedi Letsholo, and Nkosi Ndabambi. "Determination of antibiotic resistance and enterotoxigenic potential of Staphylococcus aureus strains isolated from foods sold by street vendors in Gaborone, Botswana." International Journal of Bioassays 6, no. 04 (April 2, 2017): 5334. http://dx.doi.org/10.21746/ijbio.2017.04.001.

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Staphylococcus aureus is one of the causes of foodborne diseases worldwide. Staphylococcal food poisoning ensues after ingestion of contaminated food and results in symptoms of gastroenteritis such as vomiting, abdominal cramps and diarrhea. The present paper aims to isolate Staphylococcus aureus from foods sold by street vendors in Gaborone, Botswana, and to determine its enterotoxigenic potential and antibiotic resistance profile. One hundred eight food samples comprising starch, meat, salads and vegetables portions were collected from these vendors and tested for the presence of S. aureus. Identification of Staphylococcus aureus to the species level was performed using the Vitek 2 automated identification and susceptibility testing system (BioMerieux, Marcy-I’Etoile, France). Enterotoxins were detected by the Reversed Passive Latex Agglutination method (SET-RPLA). Results showed that 49 (45%) of the samples tested positive for Staphylococcus aureus. The organism was isolated at higher frequencies in vegetables and starchy foods (34.7%) than in meats (30.6%). These differences in isolation rates however, were not statistically significant (p> 0.05). Staphylococcus aureus isolates were found to be resistant to penicillin G (52.4%), tetracycline (38.1%), methicillin (26.2%) and vancomycin (11.9%). Four Staphylococcal enterotoxin types A-D, were detected among the isolates. Staphylococcal enterotoxin D was the most prevalent (52.9%), while enterotoxin C was produced by the least number of isolates (5.9%). Of note, five isolates simultaneously expressed two or more enterotoxin types in varying combinations. The present study underscores a potential risk of staphylococcal food poisoning and transmission of methicillin resistant S. aueus strains for consumers of street vended food products in Gaborone, Botswana especially in the absence of a quality assurance regulatory framework. As a mitigating factor, sensitization of street food vendors on the importance of food and personal hygiene is strongly recommended.

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Gaut, Daria, Kyle Muir, and Antonio M. Pessegueiro. "A case of Staphylococcus lugdunensis bacteremia complicated by reactive arthritis." SAGE Open Medical Case Reports 7 (January 2019): 2050313X1982824. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/2050313x19828249.

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Reactive arthritis has been described infrequently in association with staphylococcal infections, both those secondary to Staphylococcus aureus and coagulase-negative staphylococci. We present a case of a 51-year-old male undergoing chemotherapy for pancreatic cancer who presented with joint pain and fevers and was found to have Staphylococcus lugdunensis bacteremia. Transthoracic and transesophageal echocardiograms were negative for endocarditis. Arthrocentesis from one large joint revealed culture-negative inflammatory synovitis. This case illustrates that a possible systemic manifestation of Staphylococcus lugdunensis bacteremia, in addition to the more common endocarditis, can also include reactive arthritis.

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Monteiro, Margarida, Antónia Read, Filipa Carneiro, Maria João Soares, and Valquíria Soares. "Carta ao Editor Relativa a Avaliação da Resistência à Mupirocina em Estirpes de Staphylococcus aureus Resistente à Meticilina." Acta Médica Portuguesa 29, no. 9 (September 30, 2016): 578. http://dx.doi.org/10.20344/amp.7425.

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Pandey, Pawana, Anup Bastola, Beena Shrestha, Puspa Raj Dahal, and Pradeep Kumar Shah. "Methicillin Resistant and Biofi lm Producing Staphylococcus species Isolated from Different Clinical Specimens and Antibiotic Susceptibility Pattern of Isolates." Tribhuvan University Journal of Microbiology 7 (December 26, 2020): 43–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/tujm.v7i0.33796.

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Objectives: To determine prevalence of Methicillin Resistant Staphylococcus aureus in different clinical specimens and biofilm production along with antimicrobial susceptibility pattern of isolates. Methods: Cross-sectional study was conducted from September 2019 to February 2020at Sukraraj Tropical and Infectious Disease Hospital. Total 3091 clinical specimens like blood, urine, sputum, pus, swab, body fluid were processed. Identification was done on the basis of colony characteristics, gram staining, culture in Mannitol Salt Agar, coagulase and oxidation fermentation test. Antibiotic susceptibility test and biofilm detection were performed by Kirby Bauer’s disc diffusion methods and Tissue Culture Plate technique (TCP) respectively. Methicillin resistant Staphylococcus species were detected by using Cefoxitin disc. Results: Out of 52 Staphylococcus species, 39 were Staphylococcus aureus and 13 were Coagulase negative Staphylococcus species. Highest numbers of Staphylococcus species were isolated from blood Sixteen (30.8%) were Methicillin resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) and 5(9.6%) were Methicillin resistant Coagulase negative Staphylococcus species. There was no significant association (p=0.25) between age group and prevalence of MRSA, MSSA, MRCoNS and MSCoNS. Methicillin resistant Staphylococcus species were resistant to antibiotics like amoxicillin, cloxacillin, erythromycin and higher sensitivity was found in gentamycin. Among 52 Staphylococcal isolates, 11(21.1%) were biofilm producers and 41(78.9%) were non biofilm producers. 90.9%of 90.9% of Biofilm producing Staphylococcus species were resistant towards penicillin and erythromycin Conclusion: The study shows Methicillin resistant Staphylococcus species were resistant to most antibiotics and rate of resistance was slightly higher in biofilm producing isolates comparing to other isolates. resistance. Regular surveillance of methicillin resistance Staphylococcus species and routine screening of biofilm production is important.

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Michael, Charalambia K., Daphne T. Lianou, Natalia G. C. Vasileiou, Katerina Tsilipounidaki, Angeliki I. Katsafadou, Antonis P. Politis, Nikos G. Kordalis, et al. "Association of Staphylococcal Populations on Teatcups of Milking Parlours with Vaccination against Staphylococcal Mastitis in Sheep and Goat Farms." Pathogens 10, no. 4 (March 24, 2021): 385. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/pathogens10040385.

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There is a paucity of information regarding staphylococcal populations on teatcups of milking parlours in sheep and goat farms. The objectives were to describe the populations of staphylococci on teatcups in milking parlours in sheep or goat farms in two field investigations throughout Greece and to potentially associate the findings with the use of anti-staphylococcal mastitis vaccinations in the farms visited during the two investigations. In a cross-sectional (255 sheep and 66 goat farms across Greece) and a longitudinal (12 sheep farms, four samplings, throughout lactation) study, swab samples were collected from 1418 teatcups (upper and lower part) for staphylococcal recovery, identification and assessment of biofilm-formation. A total of 328 contaminated teatcups (23.1%) were found in 105 sheep (41.2%) and 35 goat (53.0%) farms. Staphylococci were more frequently recovered from the upper than the lower part of teatcups: 269 versus 139 teatcups, respectively. After identification, 253 staphylococcal isolates were found: Staphylococcus aureus, Staphylococcus equorum, Staphylococcus lentus, and Staphylococcus capitis predominated. Of these isolates, 87.4% were biofilm-forming. The proportion of contaminated teatcups was smaller in farms where vaccination against anti-staphylococcal mastitis in general or vaccination specifically against mastitis caused specifically by biofilm-forming staphylococcal strains was applied, 19.7% or 10.9%, respectively, versus 25.5% in farms without vaccination. In the longitudinal study, contaminated teatcups were identified in 28 (58.3%) sampling occasions, with staphylococci being recovered more frequently from their upper part. The same species as in the cross-sectional study predominated. Of these isolates, 61.9% were biofilm-forming. In farms where vaccination against mastitis caused specifically by biofilm-forming staphylococcal strains was applied, the proportion of contaminated teatcups was smaller: 20.4% versus 48.3% in farms without vaccination. There were no differences in proportions of contaminated teatcups between sampling occasions. In conclusion, the great majority of staphylococci recovered from teatcups of milking parlours in sheep and goat farms included biofilm-forming isolates. Reduced staphylococcal isolation was noted in farms where anti-staphylococcal vaccination was performed; this was possibly the effect of reduced excretion of staphylococci in the milk of vaccinated animals.

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Akpudo, M. O., O. Jimoh, G. O. Adeshina, and B. O. Olayinka. "Biofilm Formation and Antimicrobial Susceptibility Pattern of <i>Staphylococcus aureus</i> Clinical Isolates from Two Healthcare Facilities in Zaria." Nigerian Journal of Pharmaceutical Research 19, no. 1 (July 26, 2023): 59–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.4314/njpr.v19i1.6.

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Background: Antibiotic resistance is a public health challenge worldwide. There is a huge global concern about the increased drug- resistant S. aureus and the development of multiple resistance to several drugs. A well-designed surveillance study has been found to be a fundamental approach in the control of antimicrobial resistance. Objective: This study investigated the biofilm formation and antimicrobial susceptibility pattern of Staphylococcus aureus from two healthcare facilities in Zaria. Methods: A total of 200 presumptive Staphylococcal isolates from clinical specimens were collected and identified by conventional methods. Staphylococcus aureus isolates were tested against a panel of antibiotics using the modified Kirby- Bauer disk diffusion method, Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) were tested using cefoxitin disk, and Micro broth dilution method for Vancomycin Minimum Inhibitory Concentration (MIC). The biofilmforming ability of the isolates were analyzed quantitatively using the microtitre plate method. Results: Of the 200 presumptive staphylococcal isolates, 22(11%) were Staphylococcus aureus. The antibiotic resistance pattern of the isolates shows high resistance to tigecycline (100%), vancomycin (100%), clindamycin (40.9%), and tetracycline (40.9). The occurrence of MRSA in this study was 18.8% and MDR (was 68.2%). The biofilm-forming ability of the Staphylococcus aureus isolates is; weak biofilm formers 16 (72.7%), moderate biofilm formers 5 (22.7%), and strong biofilm former 1 (4.5%). Conclusion: There is need for more research to ascertain the relationship between biofilm formation and antimicrobial resistance in Staphylococcus aureus. Close monitoring of antimicrobial resistance is necessary as it helps to design tangible actions that will yield the greatest impact to control the spread of resistant organisms.

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Borodkina, I. V. "BIOLOGICAL CHARACTERISTICS OF STAPHYLOCOCCUS AUREUS ISOLATES RECOVERED FROM MILK AND DAIRY PRODUCTS MANUFACTURED IN THE REPUBLIC OF CRIMEA." Veterinary Science Today, no. 4 (December 26, 2019): 13–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.29326/2304-196x-2019-4-31-13-18.

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Staphylococci are one of the causes of food poisoning in many countries of the world. Intoxication occurs due to staphylococcal exotoxins entering the human body. One of the main sources of staphylococcal toxins is milk and dairy products contaminated with pathogenic staphylococci. Staphylococcus aureus has the greatest sanitary and hygienic importance. In 2016–2018 168 samples of ready-to-eat dairy products were tested for Staphylococcus aureus in the Food Safety Laboratory of the FGBI “ARRIAH” in the Republic of Crimea. The tests were performed according to GOST 30347-2016 “Milk and dairy products. Methods of Staphylococcus aureus detection”. Biochemical properties of the recovered isolates were studied using Vitek 2 Compact analyzer. It was established that the following groups of products are contaminated with Staphylococcus aureus to the greatest extent: butter (20%), sour cream (9.09%), curd and curd products (4.55%), pasteurized milk in the consumer packaging (4.35%). The basic biological characteristics of the isolates have been studied and their antimicrobial resistance has been determined. All the isolated Staphylococcus aureus cultures demonstrated a 100% sensitivity to benzylpenicillin, oxacillin, imipenem, ticarcillin, meropenem, ciprofl oxacin, ofl oxacin, gentamicin, amikacin, doxycycline, tetracycline, rifampin, chloramphenicol, cefotaxime, ceftriaxone, trimethoprim and were 100% resistant to enrofl oxacin. Resistance to streptomycin was determined in 28.6% of isolates, and 14.3% of isolates were resistant to vancomycin. Methicillin-resistant staphylococci were not detected among the bacteria.

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Journal articles on the topic 'Staphylococcus'

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