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Brandt, Sebastian-Philipp. "Standard and Non-standard reasoning in Description Logics." Doctoral thesis, Saechsische Landesbibliothek- Staats- und Universitaetsbibliothek Dresden, 2006. http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:swb:14-1151394867948-82136.
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The present work deals with Description Logics (DLs), a class of knowledge representation formalisms used to represent and reason about classes of individuals and relations between such classes in a formally well-defined way. We provide novel results in three main directions. (1) Tractable reasoning revisited: in the 1990s, DL research has largely answered the question for practically relevant yet tractable DL formalisms in the negative. Due to novel application domains, especially the Life Sciences, and a surprising tractability result by Baader, we have re-visited this question, this time looking in a new direction: general terminologies (TBoxes) and extensions thereof defined over the DL EL and extensions thereof. As main positive result, we devise EL++(D)-CBoxes as a tractable DL formalism with optimal expressivity in the sense that every additional standard DL constructor, every extension of the TBox formalism, or every more powerful concrete domain, makes reasoning intractable. (2) Non-standard inferences for knowledge maintenance: non-standard inferences, such as matching, can support domain experts in maintaining DL knowledge bases in a structured and well-defined way. In order to extend their availability and promote their use, the present work extends the state of the art of non-standard inferences both w.r.t. theory and implementation. Our main results are implementations and performance evaluations of known matching algorithms for the DLs ALE and ALN, optimal non-deterministic polynomial time algorithms for matching under acyclic side conditions in ALN and sublanguages, and optimal algorithms for matching w.r.t. cyclic (and hybrid) EL-TBoxes. (3) Non-standard inferences over general concept inclusion (GCI) axioms: the utility of GCIs in modern DL knowledge bases and the relevance of non-standard inferences to knowledge maintenance naturally motivate the question for tractable DL formalism in which both can be provided. As main result, we propose hybrid EL-TBoxes as a solution to this hitherto open question.
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Zhou, Yang. "Comparison of Chinese Green Building Standard with Western Green Building standards." Thesis, KTH, Energiteknik, 2014. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-148125.
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With rapid economic growth and urbanization in China, the Chinese building sector now accounted for a large amount of its energy usage and pollution. In order to minimize the environmental effect, the Ministry of Urban and Rural Development (MOHURD) has set a goal that 30% of all new constructed buildings will be green by 2020. This report reviews the Three Star System, the Chinese green building standard developed by the government agency MOHURD in order to promote and regulate green buildings in China. The study is done by comparing the Three Star System with two of its western equivalents, BREEAM and LEED. The technical manual of each standard is studied and compared, results from various researches within the area is also featured in the report. The finding of this report is that Three Star System is necessary to fulfill Chinas unique situation with a building sector that consist of high rates of new construction, although the standard is necessary it still need improvement in technical detail and user-friendliness to be at the same level as LEED and BREEAM. Some suggestion are proposed in the report for further development of the Three Star System
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Diogo, Vera Lúcia Araújo. "Biomechanical analysis of standard and contr-standars sculling in synchronized swimming." Master's thesis, Faculdade de Desporto da Universidade do Porto, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/10216/56817.
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Diogo, Vera Lúcia Araújo. "Biomechanical analysis of standard and contr-standars sculling in synchronized swimming." Dissertação, Faculdade de Desporto da Universidade do Porto, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/10216/56817.
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Pascarella, John A. "American standard." Morgantown, W. Va. : [West Virginia University Libraries], 2006. https://eidr.wvu.edu/etd/documentdata.eTD?documentid=4929.
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Thesis (M.F.A.)--West Virginia University, 2006.Title from document title page. Document formatted into pages; contains v, 27 p. : ill. (some col.). Vita. Includes abstract. Includes bibliographical references (p. 25).
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Lundmark, Felix. "Standard and geographical dispersion : A study at the Swedish Defence Materiel Administration." Thesis, Luleå tekniska universitet, Institutionen för ekonomi, teknik och samhälle, 2018. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:ltu:diva-69946.
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This is the project report for the master thesis project in Industrial design engineering at Luleå University of Technology. The project spanned from January to June 2018. The project took place at the Swedish Defence Materiel Administration (FMV) in the sub-division FSV MarkV. FMV makes sure that Sweden’s defence and military have the proper and functioning equipment, whereas MarkV is responsible for providing services directed towards equipment operated on land. MarkV wanted to implement standard as part of their planned introduction of MarkV Production System (MPS) in 2019. MPS faced the challenge of implementation at several geographically dispersed workshops. This project was therefore carried out to investigate if and how centralized standards could be implemented within their geographically dispersed organization. The project has included visits to the workshops in Boden and Luleå as well as participation at a meeting with the project group developing MPS. However, the project has mainly been conducted from a theoretical standpoint, where literature about this subject has been explored. From the theoretical framework, a requirement specification was compiled. This specification was used to point out the key components to a successful implementation. The result from this project was a model developed to describe how each and every of the key component worked, as well as how MarkV could go about affecting it. The key components in this model was standard, supporting structure, managers and leaders, employees and participation, organizational culture and dealing with resistance. A section in this model was later dedicated to addressing what must be thought of before full roll-out. It was concluded that MarkV can implement centralized standards. However, MarkV must understand that the demands put on the organization will vary between standard and standard work. Standards were also considered less likely to meet contradiction upon implementation compared to standard work. The obstacles to implementation was identified as human resistance and non-human resistance. However, it was also concluded that non-human actors, such as the standard itself and the platform for MPS could possibly facilitate change if properly designed. Identifying the root cause of resistance could contribute to the change process in terms of acting as constructive critique. Using the proposed rule-of-thumb could help MarkV cope with resistance without spending too much energy on convincing employees. For MarkV to maintain and improve standard, it was concluded that they must perform follow-up and constructively use deviations. MarkV has been recommended to use the developed model in their further development of MPS. Practical tips on how to affect individual components has been presented in the model itself as well as in the final recommendation.Detta examensarbete genomfördes som det sista momentet i civilingenjörsutbildningen Teknisk Design vid Luleå tekniska universitet med inriktning produktionsdesign. Projektet sträckte sig från januari till juni under 2018. Projektet genomfördes hos Försvarets Materielverk (FMV) inom MarkV som är den del av Förråd, Service och verkstäder (FSV). FMV säkerställer att Sveriges försvar och militär har rätt och fungerade materiel. MarkV är ansvariga för att erbjuda tjänster som är riktade mot materiel som opereras på land. MarkV hade som mål att implementera standard i samband med introduktionen av MarkV produktionssystem (MPS) under 2019. Att implementera MPS i MarkV sågs som en utmaning eftersom verksamheten består av 24 stycken geografiskt utspridda markverkstäder. Detta projekt genomfördes för att utvärdera om och hur centraliserade standarder skulle kunna implementeras i deras verksamhet. Projektet inkluderade besök vid markverkstäderna i Boden och Luleå, samt innefattade deltagande vid ett möte med projektgruppen som utvecklar MPS. Projektet har däremot främst genomförts ur ett teoretiskt perspektiv där litteraturen inom detta område har utforskats. Från den teoretiska referensramen sammanställdes en kravspecifikation som identifierade vilka nyckelkomponenter som behöver tas hänsyn till för en framgångsrik implementering. Resultatet från detta arbete var en modell som förklarade hur dessa nyckelkomponenter fungerade, samt förklarade hur MarkV kan påverka dessa. Nyckelkomponenterna som inkluderades i modellen var standard, supporting structure, managers and leaders, employees and participation, organizational culture, dealing with resistance och before full roll-out. Slutsatsen som drogs var att MarkV kan implementera centrala standarder. Kraven som kommer att ställas på MarkV kommer däremot att variera beroende på om implementeringen innefattar standardiserade arbetssätt eller enbart standard. Standardiserade arbetssätt ansågs mer sannolikt att möta motstånd. De två olika typer av motstånd som identifierades var mänskligt och icke-mänskligt motstånd. Slutsatsen kunde även dras att icke-mänskliga aktörer, likt standarden i sig själv samt plattformen för MPS, kan främja förändringsprocessen. Att identifiera rotorsaken till motstånd ansågs kunna bidra konstruktivt till förändringsprocessen. Genom att använda den föreslagna tumregeln kan MarkV bemöta utmaningen med motstånd utan att spendera för mycket energi på att övertala anställda. För att MarkV ska kunna upprätthålla och förbättra standarder kunde det konkluderas att uppföljning och ett konstruktivt nyttjande av avvikelser kommer att vara nödvändigt. MarkV har blivit rekommenderade att använda den utvecklade modellen vid det fortsatta arbetet med att utveckla MPS. Praktiska tips på hur MarkV kan påverka de individuella komponenterna har getts löpande i modellen samt i den avslutande rekommendationen.
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Kudiovský, Stanislav. "Návrh metodiky převodu účetní závěrky v souladu s Mezinárodními standardy účetního výkaznictví." Master's thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Fakulta podnikatelská, 2013. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-224007.
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This master´s thesis deals with problems of transformation of financial statements prepared in accordance with Czech accounting regulations on the financial statements in accordance with International Financial Reporting Standards. In the first section of the thesis elaborated theoretical work, in the second part contains a translation of financial statements of an entity selected and defined by the conclusions of both systems for reporting financial information.
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Kless, Daniel. "From a thesaurus standard to a general knowledge organization standard?!" Networked Knowledge Organization Systems and Services (NKOS), 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/106277.
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It is more than 30 years ago that the guidelines ISO 2788 and 5964 were developed for the design of thesauri, basically to meet the demands of bibliographic databases and libraries. The last revision of the standards dates around 20 years back. Information technology has changed the usage of thesauri, a development that has motivated many changes in BS 8723, the first successor of ISO 2788 and 5964. Not only has the world of thesauri and libraries matured. Ever since there have been defined a variety of structured vocabularies, thesauri being just one of them: ontologies, taxonomies, classification schemes, topic maps, just to name some of them. For these types of vocabularies there hardly exist rules for the construction of the vocabulary content comparable to those for thesauri. There are standards for the formal description of some vocabulary types at most, e.g. SKOS, Topic Maps, RDF. The guidelines in Parts 1 and 2 of BS 8723 and its predecessors are, unfortunately, not simply applicable on vocabularies other than thesauri. The degree to which this is reasonable has not been analysed. Thus, applications using structured vocabularies other than thesauri lack guidance for the construction of the vocabulary content. The developments in BS 8723, particularly those in the forthcoming Part 3, "Vocabularies other than thesauri", try to catch up that knowledge gap. However, these vocabulary types are treated in much less detail than thesauri. Part 3 seems rather a detour from thesauri than a standard for other vocabularies. BS 8723 will basically remain a thesaurus standard, particularly in terms of its rules for construction. The further development of BS 8723 as an ISO standard (ISO 25964) is a chance to continue the transformation of a once thesaurus-only standard to a truly general knowledge organization standard. The most important reasons that encourage such strategy are: - While some of the rules from the thesaurus standard will have to be modified, a significant number of rules can be expected to apply directly to other types of structured vocabularies. So it makes sense to keep them in a single standard. - It is easier to develop rules for different structured vocabularies if being put in contrast to thesauri. The thesaurus standards are based on decades of extensive experience and include also knowledge about "what is relevant to cover". - It is highly useful to give general guidance in choosing the right type of structured vocabulary before the structured vocabularies are detailed. - Bringing together various disciplines avoids the reinvention of knowledge and strengthens "knowledge structuring" as a professional discipline. - A higher differentiation of knowledge structures / vocabularies can be expected resulting in more efficient and purpose-oriented development of vocabularies. The resulting and certainly greatest benefit from a true "multi-vocabulary" standard is the interest of industry and many other disciplines than library science. Thus, the relevance of the standard will be increased. Examples for potential application areas of a common standard are: - Skill catalogs in competence management - Visualizations of the organizational structure - The directory structures in computer file systems (particularly shared folders) - Categorizations (typology) of files in a Document Management System - Description of knowledge assets in knowledge management tools - Categorization systems (typology) of music or picture archives - Knowledge maps - Corporate Encyclopaedias - Vocabularies for search expansion in search engines - The navigation structure, labelling system and the metadata on web sites - The Table of content and / or the index of a book or complex documentIt is more than 30 years ago that the guidelines ISO 2788 and 5964 were developed for the design of thesauri â basically to meet the demands of bibliographic databases and libraries. The last revision of the standards dates around 20 years back. Information technology has changed the usage of thesauri â a development that has motivated many changes in BS 8723, the first successor of ISO 2788 and 5964. Not only has the world of thesauri and libraries matured. Ever since there have been defined a variety of structured vocabularies, thesauri being just one of them: ontologies, taxonomies, classification schemes, topic maps â just to name some of them. For these types of vocabularies there hardly exist rules for the construction of the vocabulary content comparable to those for thesauri. There are standards for the formal description of some vocabulary types at most, e.g. SKOS, Topic Maps, RDF. The guidelines in Parts 1 and 2 of BS 8723 and its predecessors are, unfortunately, not simply applicable on vocabularies other than thesauri. The degree to which this is reasonable has not been analysed. Thus, applications using structured vocabularies other than thesauri lack guidance for the construction of the vocabulary content. The developments in BS 8723 â particularly those in the forthcoming Part 3, "Vocabularies other than thesauri" â try to catch up that knowledge gap. However, these vocabulary types are treated in much less detail than thesauri. Part 3 seems rather a detour from thesauri than a standard for other vocabularies. BS 8723 will basically remain a thesaurus standard, particularly in terms of its rules for construction. The further development of BS 8723 as an ISO standard (ISO 25964) is a chance to continue the transformation of a once thesaurus-only standard to a truly general knowledge organization standard. The most important reasons that encourage such strategy are: - While some of the rules from the thesaurus standard will have to be modified, a significant number of rules can be expected to apply directly to other types of structured vocabularies. So it makes sense to keep them in a single standard. - It is easier to develop rules for different structured vocabularies if being put in contrast to thesauri. The thesaurus standards are based on decades of extensive experience and include also knowledge about "what is relevant to cover". - It is highly useful to give general guidance in choosing the right type of structured vocabulary before the structured vocabularies are detailed. - Bringing together various disciplines avoids the reinvention of knowledge and strengthens "knowledge structuring" as a professional discipline. - A higher differentiation of knowledge structures / vocabularies can be expected resulting in more efficient and purpose-oriented development of vocabularies. The resulting and certainly greatest benefit from a true "multi-vocabulary" standard is the interest of industry and many other disciplines than library science. Thus, the relevance of the standard will be increased. Examples for potential application areas of a common standard are: - Skill catalogs in competence management - Visualizations of the organizational structure - The directory structures in computer file systems (particularly shared folders) - Categorizations (typology) of files in a Document Management System - Description of knowledge assets in knowledge management tools - Categorization systems (typology) of music or picture archives - Knowledge maps - Corporate Encyclopaedias - Vocabularies for search expansion in search engines - The navigation structure, labelling system and the metadata on web sites - The Table of content and / or the index of a book or complex document
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Chan, Hsiung Wei Roy. "Performance analysis of IEEE 802.11A signals under different operational environments." Thesis, Monterey, Calif. : Springfield, Va. : Naval Postgraduate School ; Available from National Technical Information Service, 2004. http://library.nps.navy.mil/uhtbin/hyperion/04Sept%5FChan.pdf.
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Thesis (M.S. in Electrical Engineering)--Naval Postgraduate School, Sept. 2004.Thesis advisor(s): Tri T. Ha, Randy L. Borchardt. Includes bibliographical references (p. 89). Also available online.
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Boom, Derrick D. "Denial of service vulnerabilities in IEEE 802.16 wireless networks." Thesis, Monterey, Calif. : Springfield, Va. : Naval Postgraduate School ; Available from National Technical Information Service, 2004. http://library.nps.navy.mil/uhtbin/hyperion/04Sep%5FBoom.pdf.
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D'Arpa, Andrea. "Cross Standard Generator." Bachelor's thesis, Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna, 2020. http://amslaurea.unibo.it/20528/.
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Lo scopo di questo lavoro è quello di teorizzare un metodo per poter generare in modo automatico applicazioni web basate su operazioni standard su basi di dati, utilizzando un documento di livello comprensibile ad un calcolatore, e contemporaneamente abbastanza astratto da poter essere facilmente interpretabile dall'uomo.
Dopo un primo capitolo introduttivo, nel secondo capitolo vengono analizzati dei generatori di interfacce utente andando ad analizzare i rapporti tra le interfacce e l'usabilità del prodotto. Il terzo capitolo invece indaga il processo orientato agli obiettivi (goal-oriented) CROSS per la creazione di software user-centered. Si osservano qui le differenze con un modello goal-oriented tradizionale. Vengono analizzate le cause di inusabilità che CROSS vuole contrastare, per poi, dopo una panoramica andare a vedere nel dettaglio quelle che sono le componenti CROSS: Concetti, Ruoli, Operazioni e Strutture e Schemi.Il quarto capitolo presenta CROSPEN API, il formalismo di rappresentazione e documentazione di Applicazioni Web che rispetta il processo di creazione CROSS. Viene dunque analizzato OpenApi, e successivamente viene spiegata la sua estensione CROSPEN API.
Il quinto capitolo presenta lo strumento in se, raccontando le varie idee di sviluppo, l'implementazione dei concetti e le tecnologie impiegate nella sua realizzazione. Vengono analizzate le quattro componenti dell'applicazione: Crosser ( strumento di parsing del file CROSPEN API), Crossback (strumento di generazione del server), DBG (strumento di generazione della base di dati e delle funzioni per la sua gestione ) e CrossVue (il generatore di interfacce utente).Il sesto e ultimo capitolo ha il compito di trarre le conclusioni sul lavoro svolto e di raccontare i propositi di implementazione futuri.
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Ahmad, Khurram, and Muhammad Azeem. "Gold Standard Website." Thesis, Växjö University, School of Mathematics and Systems Engineering, 2009. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:vxu:diva-5520.
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The aim of this thesis is to design a web base system which provides functionality of comparison between two java files on the basis of point-to information (P2I). User will upload Java files and analysis of Java files called point-to analysis (P2A). System will store the files in the file system for reference and download in later time. System will extract the information called P2I from P2A and it will store that information in the database.
Database should be flexible to accommodate the changes in P2A file and system should be able to extract the P2I and store it in database with minimum support of system administrator.
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Meissner, Robert. "Data Encryption Standard." Universitätsbibliothek Chemnitz, 2002. http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bsz:ch1-200200590.
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Die heutige Informationsgesellschaft hat die Formen des menschlichen Handelns in vielen Bereichen des taeglichen Lebens veraendert. Die Moeglichkeit, Informationen über das Internet auszutauschen, draengt konventionelle Kommunikationsformen immer mehr in den Hintergrund. Gerade in den Bereichen eBusiness und ePayment, welche aufgrund der zunehmenden Globalisierung unabdingbar sind, spielen dabei die Sicherheit und die Authentitaet der uebertragenen Daten eine wichtige Rolle.
Meine Seminararbeit stellt den Data Encryption Standard (DES) in seiner Funktionsweise vor, diskutiert kritisch dessen Sicherheit und gibt einen Ausblick auf neue Verschluesselungstechnologien, welche im Begriff sind, den Data Encryption Standard und seine verschiedenen Versionen abzuloesen.
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Egan, Andrew M. (Andrew Michael) 1970. "Non-standard features." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2003. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/30114.
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Thesis (Ph. D.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Dept. of Linguistics and Philosophy, February 2004.Includes bibliographical references (p. 107-109).
The dissertation is composed of three papers on properties and their relatives. "Second-Order Predication and the Metaphysics of Properties" argues that giving a happy account of second-order predication motivates us to identify properties with functions from
by Andrew M. Egan.
Ph.D.
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Kulseth, Marthe. "Beyond the Standard." Thesis, Konstfack, Institutionen för design, inredningsarkitektur och visuell kommunikation (DIV), 2020. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:konstfack:diva-7272.
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In order to contribute to equality, we must go beyond the standard. I want to learn from people with disabilities and the spatial border they are faced with, by exploring the responsibility I have been given, through claiming a role that affects our built environments. I have experience with disabilities and handicaps, but these experiences do not automatically make me better in addressing issues concerning other people with disabilities. I am dyslexic and have been through big obstacles, particularly in the educational system, and I have my Aunt, who has an intellectual disability. I am privileged to have these experiences, and with this thesis I have explored them as an interior architect. This is where I start on my way to contribute. This thesis is a critical study of how standards are practiced, examined through housing built for people with intellectual disabilities in Selbu, Norway. In the center of the critique is the institution. Institutionalization and standardization have a long relationship as answers to complex questions. Institutions’ uniformity ultimately belongs to no one. The matter becomes particularly problematic when the environment is supposed to operate someone’s home. Housing for people with intellectual disabilities is often life long and not determined on the intention of the builders. What is obvious to me after reading the standards and exploring the buildings, is that the minimum requirements are always in place, often built as if the minimum was the goal. But a standard also expresses its vision. The vision talks about inclusion and the dangers with mini institutions, but the vision is expressed through soft language and the minimum requirements are expressed through concrete language of measurements. From the process of being a standard to becoming a building the soft language evaporates from the building plans. The standard will never prohibit you to go beyond it!Part of the project is in collaboration with Nils Ställborn, graduating Bachelor student with his thesis Material Diversity.
Please go to poststandardization.info to see our exhibition, an information platform to spread the insight of Poststandardization to enable the world to go beyond the standard.
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Najmanová, Veronika. "Datový standard XBRL." Master's thesis, Vysoká škola ekonomická v Praze, 2009. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-72033.
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This paper examines and summarizes the data standard XBRL. The paper explains taxonomies and describes the most important institutions involved in the development and adoption of XBRL as a format for reporting financial and non-financial information in the world. Most attention is devoted to the implementation of XBRL in various parts of the world and in the Czech Republic. The practical part is focused on the possibilities of using XBRL in the Czech Republic and the evaluation of readiness of the Czech environment for the adoption of XBRL in comparison with other countries in the world.
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White, Steven. "Standards and Standard-Setting for Companion and Farm Animal Protection in Queensland, Australia." Thesis, Griffith University, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/10072/367155.
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This study examines standards and standard-setting for the protection of companion and farm animals. The well-being of companion and farm animals is dependent on the scope of standards applicable to their protection and the ways in which those standards are applied in practice. Despite the seriousness of harms inflicted on companion and, especially, farm animals every year, little scholarly attention has been paid to development of the standards governing their protection.
A case study approach, focussed on Queensland, is used to explore who exercises authority in the arena of animal protection regulation, how standard-setting processes work and how these relate to compliance monitoring and enforcement. This study explores these issues through a series of questions:
1. How are the purposes of the regulation of the protection of companion and farm animals framed?
2. What types of regulatory standards apply to the protection of companion and farm animals in Queensland?
3. What are the processes for development of these standards, and how have these evolved over time?
4. What consequences do the prevailing types of standards have for compliance monitoring and enforcement?
5. How are these standards applied in practice through compliance monitoring and enforcement processes?
6. What are the key differences in the regulatory standards for the protection of companion and farm animals and how might these differences be rationalised?
Insights from regulatory studies are used to interpret and explain regulatory objectives, standard-setting processes and, to the extent allowed by the data obtained in this study, compliance monitoring and enforcement. This study therefore provides a new field of practice – animal protection – for the application of established principles of regulatory analysis. This study makes a significant contribution to the discipline of animal law, still a comparatively new area of legal concern, by extending the predominantly doctrinal underpinnings of this field.Thesis (PhD Doctorate)
Doctor of Philosophy (PhD)
Griffith Law School
Arts, Education and Law
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Mead, Alexander James. "Demographics of dark-matter haloes in standard and non-standard cosmologies." Thesis, University of Edinburgh, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/1842/9951.
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This thesis explores topics related to the formation and development of the large-scale structure in the Universe, with the focus being to compute properties of the evolved non-linear density field in an approximate way. The first three chapters form an introduction: Chapter 1 contains the theoretical basis of modern cosmology, Chapter 2 discusses the role of N-body simulations in the study of structure formation and Chapter 3 considers the phenomenological halo model. In Chapter 4 a novel method of computing the matter power spectrum is developed. This method uses the halo model directly to make accurate predictions for the matter spectrum. This is achieved by fitting parameters of the model to spectra from accurate simulations. The final predictions are good to 5% up to k = 10 hMpc-1 across a range of cosmological models at z = 0, however accuracy degrades at higher redshift and at quasi-linear scales. Chapter 5 is dedicated to a new method of rescaling a halo catalogue that has previously been generated from a simulation of a specific cosmological model to a different model; a gross rescaling of the simulation box size and redshift label takes place, then individual halo positions are modified in accord with the large scale displacement field and their internal structure is altered. The final power spectrum of haloes can be matched at the 5% level up to k = 1 hMpc-1, as can the spectrum of particles within haloes reconstituted directly from the rescaled catalogues. Chapter 6 applies the methods of the previous two chapters to modified gravity models. This is done in as general a way possible but tests are restricted to f(R) type models, which have a scale-dependent linear growth rate as well as having 'chameleon screening' - by which modifications to gravity are screened within some haloes. Taking these effects into account leads to predictions of the matter spectrum at the 5% level and rescaled halo distributions that are accurate to 5% in both real and redshift space. For the spectrum of halo particles it is demonstrated that accurate results may be obtained by taking the enhanced gravity in some haloes into account.
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Richards, Donna Jean. "Prestige and standard in Canadian English : Prestige and standard in Canadian English :." Thesis, University of British Columbia, 1988. http://hdl.handle.net/2429/29172.
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A survey of the use of standard and prestige in general descriptions of English, and of Canadian English in particular, reveals terminological confusion caused by the similarity of the two concepts and by cultural differences among the national dialects being discussed. This work argues, however, that these concepts can and should be distinguished. Once working definitions for both terms are formulated, they are tested against data from the Survey of Vancouver English. Vancouver English reveals little or no evidence of prestige, defined as "that variety (or those forms) used by the highest socio-economic group and emulated by others." The absence of a highest socio-economic group sufficiently well established to provide forms for others to emulate may explain this result, since, in Vancouver, social homogeneity seems to complement the geographical homogeneity that typifies Canadian English. While Vancouver English does reveal evidence of standard, defined as "that variety used by the majority of speakers and typified by correctness," the evidence also suggests that the notion of standard may need to be refined. The effect of various social factors on correctness is analyzed in order to provide a more precise notion of what "correctness" reflects, and education is found to contribute significantly to correctness. Furthermore, consideration of the four processes of standardization -- selection, codification, elaboration of function and acceptance -- in Canadian English confirms the importance of education to standardization and suggests not only that a standard exists in Canadian English but also that Canadian English is a standard variety distinct from other varieties of English. Standard is thus redefined to reflect more directly the role of correctness and the centrality of the four processes to standardization. The study concludes with a brief reconsideration of standard and prestige in light of these Canadian findings and suggests directions for further research.Arts, Faculty of
English, Department of
Graduate
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Mehnert, Frank. "Kapselung von Standard-Betriebssystemen." Doctoral thesis, [S.l. : s.n.], 2005. http://deposit.ddb.de/cgi-bin/dokserv?idn=975919431.
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Takahashi, T., D. Deguchi, T. D. Truong, M. Ito, K. Nishibori, and Ki Sou. "Media Integration Standard Toolkit." INTELLIGENT MEDIA INTEGRATION NAGOYA UNIVERSITY / COE, 2005. http://hdl.handle.net/2237/10385.
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Fink, Gerhard, Marcus Kölling, and Anne-Katrin Neyer. "The cultural standard method." Europainstitut, WU Vienna University of Economics and Business, 2005. http://epub.wu.ac.at/450/1/document.pdf.
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The proposed method enables us to identify cultural standards, i.e. the underlying norms of thinking, sensing, perceiving, judging, and acting that the vast majority of individuals in a given culture is considering as normal for themselves and others. Norms of behaviour can be different across societies even if the underlying values are the same and can cause critical incidents to emerge. A sequence of methodological steps allows systematically dealing with sampling, interviewer, interpretation, construct, and culture bias in cross-cultural qualitative research based on narrative interviews.(author's abstract)Series: EI Working Papers / Europainstitut
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Smith, Timothy Alexander. "An intelligent voltage standard." Thesis, University of Cambridge, 1985. https://www.repository.cam.ac.uk/handle/1810/250865.
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Adolphs, Clemens. "Extensions beyond standard models." Thesis, University of British Columbia, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/2429/57841.
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In this thesis, we investigated a set of theoretical models frequently used in the field of solid state physics. These models describe coupling of charge carriers to bosonic modes such as phonons or magnons. In particular, the Holstein model describes coupling of charge carriers to dispersionless phonons, whereas the Emery model describes coupling of charge carriers to magnons in hole-doped antiferromagnets.
For the Holstein-like models, we studied how extending the model of the coupling beyond terms that are merely linear in the lattice distortion affects the ground state properties. Using appropriate extensions of the momentum average approximation, we could show that even small nonlinearities have a dramatic effect on the resulting quasi-particle's properties. We further investigated a particular type of nonlinear coupling, the double-well coupling model. After studying the properties of a single quasi-particle, we also showed that this system allows the formation of bound states between two charge carriers and a phonon cloud, the so-called bi-polaron. In contrast to the linear variation of the Holstein model, the resulting bi-polaron can be strongly bound yet lightweight. For the Emery model, we consider an experimentally relevant extension. The original model describes a single layer of CuO₂, relevant for the hole-doped cuprate superconductors. We consider recently synthesized layers of CuO, which can be viewed as two intercalated layers of CuO₂. The resulting system is similar to CuO₂, but different in important aspects. We use a variational method similar in spirit to MA but applicable to magnons instead of phonons to obtain the system's dispersion and compare it to that of the original CuO₂ layer. We observe a discrepancy between these dispersions that cannot be accounted for with a single-band model that is commonly used to model the CuO₂ dispersion. However, it has been a long-standing question whether or not this and other single-band models are appropriate for the description of cuprate physics. With our study of CuO, we demonstrated how a careful experimental analysis of this system can resolve that question.Science, Faculty of
Physics and Astronomy, Department of
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Aguirre, Juan Ignacio. "EPCglobal : a universal standard." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/42350.
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Thesis (S.M.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, System Design and Management Program, 2007.Includes bibliographical references.
This thesis evaluates the likelihood of EPCglobal becoming the universal RFID standard by presenting a framework of ten factors used to analyze and determine if EPCglobal is moving in the right direction. The ten factors are: complexity of application (Supply Chain Management), mandates, privacy policy, member type, EPCglobal standard development process, membership size, intellectual property policy, benefits, system cost, and China. These factors have been used in various analyses and studies that explain the main reasons for the adoption of other technologies and/or standards. Therefore, this thesis not only presents an analysis for the adoption of EPCglobal as the universal standard but also presents the factors that could help EPCglobal achieve its goal. The results show that five of the ten factors that influence the establishment of EPCglobal as the universal standard have a positive effect for the universal adoption of EPCglobal, two are neutral, and three are negative. Thus, there is a strong likelihood that EPCglobal could successfully become the universal standard for RFID system in the retail supply chain management. Furthermore, if EPCglobal strives to have the two neutral rated factors join the other five positive factors and makes an effort to switch the three negative factors to positive, then EPCglobal would be on the right path to becoming the universal standard.
by Juan Ignacio Aguirre.
S.M.
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Christmansson, Alexandra. "No Standard, New York." Thesis, KTH, Arkitektur, 2018. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-223241.
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A creative incubator for global nomads. The Standard Hotel, reimagined and transformed intoa vibrant, dynamic hub for global nomads who value transience over permanence. Repurposed to inspirethe cross-pollination of ideas, it serves as a temporary home for those in a perpetual state of transition. Designed to generate serendipitous interactions, it exists to connect people of different social classes and histories.
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Frandsen, Jacob F. "Interpreting Standard Usage Empirically." BYU ScholarsArchive, 2014. https://scholarsarchive.byu.edu/etd/3986.
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Writers, editors, and everyday language users look to dictionaries, style guides, usage guides, and other published works to help inform their language decisions. They want to know what is Standard English and what is not. Commentators have been prescribing and proscribing certain usages for centuries; however, their advice has traditionally been based on the subjective opinions of the authors. Recent works have analyzed usage by relying wholly or partly on statistical and descriptive data rather than traditional opinion alone; however, no work has presented statistical usage data in a user-friendly and consistent format. This study presents a statistically based methodology for analyzing the standardness of disputed English usage points that can be presented in a dictionary-like format useful to writers and editors. Using data from the Corpus of Contemporary American English, this study determined the percent of use of several disputed usage items. Percents of use were then applied to a statistically based "standardness" scale with several levels. The scale presented in this study is adapted from scales that have been used previously to study language change. In addition, returns from the Corpus of Historical American English were used to present historical trends, if any, for each usage item. It was found that traditional sentiments about certain prescribed and proscribed usage items differ markedly from actual observed usage. Corpus data make it clear that even usage guides that purport to rely at least partly on descriptive data are often wrong about the prevalence and acceptability of usage items. To produce truly objective and accurate analysis, usage advice must depend on corpus data and use a standard usage-trend scale that accounts for how language changes.
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Harsch, Walter William. "Automated Government contract management as a paradigm for standard programs vs. standard forms." Thesis, Monterey, California. Naval Postgraduate School, 1988. http://hdl.handle.net/10945/22923.
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This thesis identifies a potential weakness in the Federal Government's policy in the area of Contract Administration relating to computer prepared forms and documents. In particular, the preparation of Contract Progress Payment Request (Standard Form 1443). It is the author's thesis that the Government, which gave us the 'Standard Form', should take a leadership role in developing the 'Standard Program', and that these programs be distributed to contractors free of charge in an effort to: 1. Establish and maintain program standards concerning content and documentation, and 2. Eliminate, to the maximum extent possible, mistakes in form preparation caused by math or logic errors. Keywords: Computer programs, Theses
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Cherchiglia, Adriano Lana. "Symmetries as a guide to regularization ambiguities: Standard and Beyond Standard Model examples." Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/1843/BUOS-9PNLB9.
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This thesis is about regularization of ultraviolet divergences appearing in the perturbative expansion of quantum field theories (QFTs). We present a general view of the ambiguities that may arise in the regularization program and develop a systematic approach to extract them from a general Feynman amplitude. We show that they are intimately related with the breaking of the symmetries of the underlying quantum field theory. We also show they are related to the violation of momentum routing invariance (MRI) of Feynman diagrams, allowing us to regard MRI as a symmetry to be preserved in the perturbative expansion of QFTs. We apply our formalism to a variety of theories and examples such as: the Higgs decay to two photons, the photon-photon scattering, and N=1 supersymmetric electrodynamics. In all cases we verify that regularization ambiguities can be consistently extracted being related to the breaking of the symmetries of the underlying QFT. We also study the role played by quadratic divergences on a variety of examples showing its connection (or not) to the ambiguities aforementioned.of an equality to one..
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Kjellström, Antonia. "Twisting the standard : Non-standard language in literature and translation from English to Swedish." Thesis, Linnéuniversitetet, Institutionen för språk (SPR), 2018. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:lnu:diva-70039.
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Non-standard language, or dialect, often serves a specific purpose in a literary work and it is therefore a challenge for any translator to recreate the non-standard language of the source text into a target language. There are different linguistic tools an author can use in order to convey non-standard language, and the same is true for a translator – who can choose from different strategies when tasked with the challenge of translating dialectal features. This essay studies the challenge of recreating dialectal, non-standard speech in a work of literature and compares four different translations of that same piece of literature into another language. With this purpose in mind, the novel Oliver Twist by Charles Dickens is analysed using samples of non-standard language which have been applied to indicate a character’s speech as dialectal. The same treatment is given to four different Swedish translations. The method consists of linguistically analysing four text samples from the original novel, to see how non-standard language is represented and which function it serves, and thereafter, comparing the same samples to the four Swedish translations in order to establish whether non-standard features are visible also in the translated novels and which strategies the translators have used in order to achieve this. It is concluded that non-standard language is applied in the source text and is represented on each possible linguistic level, including graphology, morphosyntax, and vocabulary. The main function of the non-standard language found in the source text samples was to place the characters in contrasting social positions. The target texts were found to also use features of non-standard language, but not to the same extent as the language used in the source text. The most common type of marker was, in all five of the texts, lexical items. It was also concluded that the most frequently used translation strategy used in the target texts was the use of various informal, colloquial features.
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Milhausen, Robin Rutherford. "Double standard or reverse double standard?, a comparative analysis of male and female perspectives." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 2000. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk2/ftp01/MQ55694.pdf.
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Galanakis, Linda. "Learners' attitudes to standard vs non-standard South African English accents of their teachers." Thesis, Stellenbosch : University of Stellenbosch, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/10019.1/4259.
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Thesis (MPhil (General Linguistics))--University of Stellenbosch, 2010.ENGLISH ABSTRACT: This study is interested in the relationship between accent and hearers’ perception of the speaker. It investigates the kinds of stereotypes related to phonological features of the speaker’s language. Specifically this thesis focused on the perceptions that high school girls have of their Mathematics teachers who speak English with a non-standard accent. The general aims of the study were to establish whether high school girls perceived non-standard English speaking Mathematics teachers negatively and, if so, whether this perception changed as the girls mature. Twenty-seven Grade 8 learners and 14 Grade 12 learners from a private English-medium school in the Gauteng Province of South Africa participated in this study. The school attracts learners from the affluent socio-economic group, and the majority of the learners are white (76.8%) and first language speakers of English (86%). These participants completed questionnaires using the matched-guise technique (Lambert, Hodgson, Gardner and Fillenbaum 1960) to determine their perceptions of six accents. Five speakers were recorded reading the same Mathematics lesson in English. One reader read the same passage twice, using a so-called Standard South African English accent for one recording and a second language accent of an isiZulu mother tongue speaker for the second recording. The results of this investigation indicate that high school girls are inclined to stereotype teachers according to the teachers’ accents. Some of the characteristics attributed to the non-standard English speaking teachers were positive, but generally learners held a negative perception of such teachers. There was very little change in this perception from Grade 8 to Grade 12. Of particular importance in the National Curriculum Statement for Grades 10 to 12 is that learners emerge from this phase of their schooling being “sensitive to issues of diversity such as poverty, inequality, race, gender, language, age, disability and other factors” (www.sabceducation.co.za/). The school where the research was conducted has addressed diversity in numerous ways in an attempt to prepare the learners for life in multilingual and multicultural South Africa. That the Grade 12 learners in this study, whether first language speakers of English or not, still display accent prejudice suggests that the life skills objectives are not adequately met and that this form of prejudice needs to be addressed in more creative ways.
AFRIKAANSE OPSOMMING:: Hierdie studie stel belang in die verhouding tussen aksent en hoorders se waarneming van die spreker. Dit ondersoek die soort stereotipering wat saamhang met die fonologiese eienskappe van die spreker se taal. Hierdie tesis het spesifiek gefokus op die persepsies wat hoërskoolmeisies het van hul Wiskunde-opvoeders wat Engels met ‘n nie-standaard aksent praat. Die algemene doelstellings van die studie was om vas te stel of hoërskoolmeisies hierdie opvoeders negatief beoordeel op grond van hul aksent en, indien wel, of hierdie oordeel minder fel raak met ouerdom. Sewe-en-twintig Graad 8-leerders en 14 Graad 12-leerders aan ‘n privaat- Engels-medium skool in die Gauteng Provinsie van Suid-Afrika het aan die studie deelgeneem. Die skool se leerders kom uit die hoë sosio-ekonomiese groep, en die meerderheid is Wit (76.8%) en eerstetaalsprekers van Engels (86%). Die deelnemers het vraelyste voltooi as deel van sogenaamde “matched guise”- (Lambert, Hodgson, Gardner en Fillenbaum 1960) navorsing om hul persepsies van ses aksente te bepaal. Vyf sprekers is op band opgeneem terwyl hulle dieselfde Wiskunde-les in Engels lees. Een leser het die les twee maal gelees, een maal met ’n sogenaamde Standaard Suid-Afrikaanse Engelse aksent en een maal met ’n tweedetaal aksent tipies van ‘n isiZulu moedertaalspreker. Die resultate van hierdie ondersoek dui daarop dat hoërskoolmeisies geneig is om opvoeders te stereotipeer op grond van die opvoeders se aksent. Party eienskappe wat aan die nie-standaard Engelssprekende opvoeders toegeskryf is, was positief, maar oor die algemeen het leerders ’n negatiewe persepsie van sulke opvoeders gehad. Baie min verandering in hierdie persepsies het van Graad 8 tot Graad 12 plaasgevind. Van besondere belang in die Graad 10 tot 12 Nasionale Kurrikulm is dat leerders aan die einde van hierdie fase ‘n sensitiwiteit sal hê vir kwessies aangaande “diversiteit, soos armoede, ongelykheid, ras, geslag, taal, ouderdom, gestremdheid en ander faktore” (www.sabceducation.co.za/). Die skool waar hierdie navorsing gedoen is, spreek diversiteit op velerlei maniere aan in ’n poging om leerders voor te berei vir lewe in veeltalige en multikulturele Suid-Afrika. Die feit dat Graad 12- leerders in hierdie studie, of hulle eerstetaalsprekers van Engels is al dan nie, steeds aksentvooroordele toon, dui aan dat die doelstellings van lewensvaardigheid onderrig nie voldoende bereik word nie en dat hierdie vorm van vooroordeel op meer kreatiewe maniere aangespreek moet word.
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Mell, Jeremy. "Etude des communications verbales entre pilote et controleur en situation standard et non-standard." Toulouse 2, 1992. http://www.theses.fr/1992TOU20042.
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Le dialogue pilote-controleur est un exemple du dialogue finalise dans un domaine restreint ou la securite humaine est un jeu. Les effets standardisants de la phraseologie officielle et de la nature routiniere des taches se manifestent dans les formes enonciatives (vocabulaire restreint, syntaxe figee et concise), dans l'interpretation conventionnelle des actes de parole et dans la structure des echanges. Neanmoins, des lacunes dans la phraseologie ainsi que certaines variables situationnelles (notamment de statut maternel ou etranger de la langue utilisee) provoquent un nombre non-negligeable de variations formelles. Le dialogue qui en resulte est plus complexe et l'interpretation de certains actes de parole depend du contexte. Cette tendance inherente devient une caracteristique dominante des communications en situation non-standardPilot-controller communications provide an example of task oriented dialogue applied to a specific, safety-criticaldomain. The standardising effects of an official phraseology and of the routine nature of the tasks involved are observed in utterance forms (restricted vocabulary, fossilised, elliptical syntax), in the conventional interpretation of speech acts, and in interactive discourse structures (recurrent speech act and exchange sequences). Nevertheless, certain gaps in the phraseology, as well as situational variables (notably thel1 orl2 status of thelanguage used) cause a significant degree of formal variation. The resulting dialogue is more complex and the interpretation of certain speech acts is context-dependent. This inherent tendency becomes a dominant feature of communications in non-standard situations
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McCarthy, Teresa F. "Innovating the standard procurement process." Thesis, Monterey, Calif. : Springfield, Va. : Naval Postgraduate School ; Available from National Technical Information Service, 1998. http://handle.dtic.mil/100.2/ADA359892.
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Thesis (M.S. in Management) Naval Postgraduate School, December 1998."December 1998." Thesis advisor(s): Mark E. Nissen, David V. Lamm. Includes bibliographical references (p. 127-129). Also available online.
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Ekebrand, Terese, and Nils Funke. "A Parameterizable Standard Cell Generator." Thesis, Linköping University, Department of Electrical Engineering, 2003. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:liu:diva-1712.
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This master thesis describes the creation of a fully parameterizable design tool, intended for automatic generation of standard cell layouts from basic schematic information. The thesis covers general background on programs for automatic layout generation, standard cells and basics in IC design. Algorithms commonly used in various parts of such programs are presented, and the ones used to implement the tool are described in depth.
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Holmberg, Hans. "Iris recognition using standard cameras." Thesis, Linköping University, Department of Electrical Engineering, 2006. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:liu:diva-8675.
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This master thesis evaluates the use of off-the-shelf standard cameras for biometric identification of the human iris. As demands on secure identification are constantly rising and as the human iris provides with a pattern that is excellent for identification, the use of inexpensive equipment could help iris recognition become a new standard in security systems. To test the performance of such a system a review of the current state of the research in the area was done and the most promising methods were chosen for evaluation. A test environment based on open source code was constructed to measure the performance of iris recognition methods, image quality and recognition rate.
In this paper the image quality of a database consisting of images from a standard camera is assessed, the most important problem areas identified, and the overall recognition performance measured. Iris recognition methods found in literature are tested on this class of images. These together with newly developed methods show that a system using standard equipment can be constructed. Tests show that the performance of such a system is promising.
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Bik, Daniel, and Daniel Bodin. "Innovationsimplementering : Att sätta en standard." Thesis, Södertörn University College, School of Business Studies, 2007. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:sh:diva-1280.
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Vad är det, som gör så att en vara blir synonymt med en hel varugrupp, som exempelvis Lypsyl för läppcerat? Vilka bakomliggande faktorer är det som är verksamma för att en teknologi fullständig konkurrerar ut en annan, såsom VHS gjorde med BetaMax? Dessa frågor kring hur teknologisk utveckling sker och i många fall skapar förutsättningar för en standard på marknaden undersöker författarna Bik och Bodin i kandidatuppsatsen Innovationsimplementering – Att sätta en standard.
Genom att studera utvecklingsprocessen för det elektroniska faktureringsformatet Svefakturan och dess väg till att bli det dominerande formatet inom e-fakturering i Sverige visar författarna på vilka faktorer som bör ses som särskilt viktiga. En fallstudie som inte enbart belyser viktiga fenomen i och kring problemområdet utan även är högst aktuellt. Då samtliga svenska myndigheter genom ett obligatorium av riksdagen måste sköta alla sina faktureringar elektroniskt, senast den första juli 2008.
Utgångspunkten i studien har varit deduktiv, varför teoretiseranden inom problemområdet har fungerat, som undersökningens utgångspunkt. Den teroetiska referensaramen utgjordes till stor del av dominant design modellen, som visar på ett visst evolutionärt synsätt gällande teknologisk utveckling. Detta tillsammans med teoretiseranden kring standarder och dess natur.
Författarnas slutsats, i likhethet med tidigare studier, visar på att en rad olika faktorer bör ses som verksamma då en vara utvecklas till den marknadsdominerande. Flertalet av dessa, påvisade faktorer, såsom ex. bakomliggande aktörer och grad av öppenhet, anses dock samtliga kretsa kring frågan om teknikens spridning. Vilken kan ses som en självförstärkande process, då en tekniks attraktion oftast ökar i takt med dess utbredning.
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Bädicker, Rickard, and Marcus Ekman. "Standard och reducering av ställtider." Thesis, Örebro universitet, Institutionen för naturvetenskap och teknik, 2017. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:oru:diva-61859.
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Ovako är ett globalt stålföretag som har försäljning i Europa, USA och Asien. Deras omsättning under förra verksamhetsåret var 781 milj. Euro. Inom stålindustrin så har det under de sista åren överproducerats stål vilket bidragit till hög konkurrens på stålmarknaden. Utifrån detta så har ett optimeringsprojekt upprättats för att bibehålla konkurrenskraft mot omvärlden. [1,4] Denna studie syftar till att effektivisera en finslipslinje där två centerless-slipmaskiner används för att reducera omställningstiden med 13,5min vid stora omställningar. Det ska även upprättas en standard för hur arbetet vid omställningarna bör utföras för denna effektivisering. Studien utförs på Ovakos produktionsanläggning i Hällefors. Problemet som råder på arbetsplatsen är att osäkerhet hos personal vid omställningar bidrar till varierade omställningstider. Denna osäkerhet har även bidragit till att upplärningstiden för omställningar är ca 1år. För att lösa problemet så analyseras verksamheten med bland annat: Inspelningar utifrån SMED, träddiagram, lean, styrdiagram och utjämning. Detta för att få en helhetsbild av verksamheten. Resultatet av denna efterforskning blev tidsstudier, träddiagram över olika arbetsmoment, design av verktygstavla, omkonstruktion av stödhjul, omkonstruktion av gapinställningar, hur det går att följa upp med resultatet styrdiagram och en utjämningssimulering. Den slutgiltiga effektiviseringen motsvarar 16,5min om det investeras 8680 SEK. Studien benämner även extrainvesteringar för ännu högre effektivitet. Inom studien så förekommer vissa antagna värden då fakta för vissa delar inte kunnat inhämtats. Dessa antaganden är inte något som lyfts in i den slutgiltiga effektiviseringen vilket därför gör att studien kan anses trovärdig.Ovako is a global steel producer that delivers products in Europe, USA and Asia. Their turnover during the last year was 781 million Euro. The steel industry has under the recent years overproduced steel which has contributed high competition in the steel market. Based on this, an optimization project has been established to maintain the global competitiveness, [1,4]. This study aims at streamlining a fine grinding line, where two centerless grinding machines are used, to reduce the changeover time by 13,5min in case of major changes. The project will also create new standards for how the work of conversion should be carried out for this efficiency. The study is carried out at Ovako´s production facility in Hällefors, Sweden. The problem in the workplace is that the uncertainty of staff in the event of changeover contributes to varied changeover times. This uncertainty has also contributed to the fact that the learning time for changeover in approximately 1 year. The project starts with an analysis in which mobile recording is used to get an overview of the problem. Methods like SMED, Lean, Tree diagram, SPS and production planning are then used. This investigation resulted in time studies, new tree diagram, design of a toolbar, reconstruction of supporting wheel, reconstruction of gap settings, result charts/control charts and a leveling simulation. This resulted finally in a new standard and suggestions for machine optimization. The final efficiency improvement corresponds to 16.5min, if 8680 SEK is invested. The study also mentions extra investments for even greater efficiency. Within the study there are some assumed values as the facts for certain parts cannot be obtained. These assumptions are not something that has been incorporated into the final streamlining, which means that the study can be considered credible.
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Blanksby, Andrew J. "Colour cameras in standard CMOS /." Title page, contents and abstract only, 1998. http://web4.library.adelaide.edu.au/theses/09PH/09phb6419.pdf.
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Fischer, Scott Edward. "Standard form 254 generation software." Thesis, Georgia Institute of Technology, 1991. http://hdl.handle.net/1853/22386.
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Ghodsi, Hoda. "Constraining non-standard cosmological models." Thesis, University of Glasgow, 2011. http://theses.gla.ac.uk/2998/.
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Current observational evidence does not yet exclude the possibility that dark energy could be in the form of phantom energy. A universe consisting of a phantom constituent will be driven toward a drastic end known as the `Big Rip' singularity where all the matter in the universe will be destroyed. Motivated by this possibility, other evolutionary scenarios have been explored by e.g. Barrow, including the phenomena which he called Sudden Future Singularities (SFS). In a model consisting of such events it is possible to have a blow up of the pressure occurring at sometime in the future evolution of the universe while the energy density would remain unaffected. The particular evolution of the scale factor of the universe in this model that results in a singular behaviour of the pressure also admits acceleration in the current era. In this thesis we will present the results of our confrontation of one example class of SFS models with the available cosmological data from high redshift supernovae, baryon acoustic oscillations (BAO) and the cosmic microwave background (CMB). We then discuss the viability of the model under consideration in light of the data.\\ More importantly however in this pursuit, we will make the case that the cosmological constraints employed in this analysis were not blindly applied to the non-standard model in question, which is not unfortunately the practice that is always followed in the cosmology community. This applicability issue is a very important one which if neglected could potentially result in biased and unreliable outcomes. Hence, although we have worked on one example non-standard cosmological model in this thesis, this work could be viewed as a demonstration of a thought through process of testing one's model against observations which can be applied to every other preferred model.
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Sawangwit, Utane. "Testing the Standard Cosmological Model." Thesis, Durham University, 2011. http://etheses.dur.ac.uk/3280/.
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This thesis exploits the wealth of information contained in the existing cosmological surveys, and demonstrates how the use of tools such as two-point statistics permit the extraction of such information. In particular, the wide field imaging survey – the Sloan Digital Sky Survey (SDSS) in conjunction with Luminous Red Galaxy (LRG) spectroscopic surveys carried out by the Two-degree-Field (2dF) and AAOmega instruments on the Anglo-Australian telescope (AAT) are utilised here. This also includes the observations of the Cosmic Microwave Background (CMB) radiation from the Wilkinson Microwave Anisotropy Probe (WMAP) experiment. Combining the imaging and spectroscopic surveys, we extract three photometric LRG samples at redshift 0.35, 0.55 and 0.7 which cover 7600 deg2 of the sky, probing a total cosmic volume of 5.5 h^−3 Gpc^3. We find very little clustering evolution in these massive early-type galaxies out to z~0.8 or nearly half the age of the Universe. The shape of the large-scale correlation functions is consistent with a simple ‘high-peaks’ bias and linear theory framework of the standard CDM model. The new z=0.7 LRG sample is then used in the CMB-LSS cross-correlation analysis to look for the the Integrated Sachs-Wolfe (ISW) effect as a dynamical evidence for the accelerated expansion of the Universe. The measured zero CMB-LRG correlation is inconsistent with the CDM model expectation at 2.2sigma significance level. Furthermore, our rotation tests show that the previous detections of the ISW effect may not be as significant as previously claimed. We make independent estimates of the WMAP CMB temperature power spectra and show explicitly how sensitive they are to the instrumental beams. We propose an alternative method for determining the beam profiles by stacking radio point sources and demonstrate its robustness via Monte Carlo simulations plus realistic point source detection algorithm. Using this technique, we find significantly wider W-band beam profiles than the WMAP Jupiter beam analysis. We also find a tentative evidence for a non-linearity in the WMAP radio source fluxes when compared with the ground-based measurements. Finally, we investigate if the recently claimed timing offset in the WMAP time-ordered data can explain the observed wider than expected beam profile.
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Chuang, Y. A. "Clock synchronization across standard networks." Thesis, Swansea University, 1994. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.636255.
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In distributed real-time systems, data are time-dependent and the time notation, which marks the validity of data, is an indispensable component of data. Therefore, setting up a common time base in distributed real-time systems to provide all computers in the system with a consistent view of time inevitably becomes important. Clock synchronization is an approach to establishing such an greed global time base in a system. The aim of work is to investigate clock synchronization in a distributed real-time system. A hybrid synchronization method is adopted in the project. By this means, each computer in the system periodically exchanges time messages with other computers via the existing communication network, and thus knows the clock time of every other computer which participates in the clock synchronization. Then, it applies a synchronization algorithm on the received time data to compute an approximate global time for the system, and finally adjusts its local clock to the computed global time. An approximate global time is thus reached and maintained. In this dissertation, various approaches are studied and compared. A hybrid scheme is proved to be the currently dominant solution to the problem investigated, in that it balances the performance and cost criteria. The fault tolerant averaging algorithm selected for this attempt is discussed and analysed, and its software implementation is described. The design and silicon implementation of the associated VLSI clock synchronization unit device are also introduced. The experiments with clock synchronization on an Ethernet system are presented. The results of the experiments are given and analysed to support the conclusions that the technique developed in this work is feasible and can be used in distributed real-time systems. On this basis, recommendations for further research in clock synchronization are suggested.
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Asquith, Rebecca. "The non-commutative standard model." Thesis, Durham University, 1996. http://etheses.dur.ac.uk/5268/.
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In this work aspects of the classical Connes-Lott non-commutative standard model are examined. In particular the relationship between the chiral structure of the standard model and the condition of Poincaré Duality is investigated. Then the natural prediction of an additional force in the non-commutative standard model is explained and the consequences calculated. Finally the attempts at grand unification within the non-commutative framework are reviewed and extended.
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AlHedayani, Rukayah. "Antonymy in Modern Standard Arabic." Thesis, University of Sussex, 2016. http://sro.sussex.ac.uk/id/eprint/65534/.
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Lexical relations have been thoroughly investigated cross-linguistically (Lyons, 1977; Cruse, 1986; Murphy, 2003). Antonymy is particularly interesting because antonymous pairs share both syntagmatic as well as paradigmatic relations. Studies (such as Raybeck and Herrmann, 1996) agree on the universality of this lexical relation; however, different perspectives towards opposition have been noted among different cultures (Murphy et al., 2009; Jones et al., 2012; Hsu, 2015). The present corpus-driven study investigates antonym use in Modern Standard Arabic text using an on-line corpus (arTenTen12) and a newspaper corpus (arabiCorpus). This thesis shows that antonym functions in Arabic are to a certain degree similar to those found in other languages. A new classification of these functions is presented and compared to previously identified functions in English text (Jones, 2002; Davies, 2013). The main difference between this classification and previous ones is in the category Ancillary Antonymy. In this category, canonical antonyms trigger contrast in non-contrastive pairings. The ancillary use of antonyms is presented as an effect projected on other words regardless of the hosting construction. As a consequence of removing this category, other functions of antonym use were identified. The present study also shows that a Sign-Based Construction Grammar (SBCG) account of antonyms can capture their syntagmatic and paradigmatic properties. Antonyms lend themselves well as pairings of meaning and form and therefore can be treated as constructions (Jones et al., 2012). Therefore, a treatment of antonyms using SBCG is presented in this study. Based on this treatment, I present a SBCG account of Arabic coordination as a contrastive construction in which antonyms frequently occur. The coordination construction is then compared to one use of coordination that presents antonym pairs as units referring to one concept.
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Chng, C. Y. "System optimisation using standard components." Thesis, University of Bath, 1985. https://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.355306.
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A new automated system (called SOUSC) for design optimisation of a mechanical assembly has been developed. SOUSC stands for System Optimisation Using Standard Components. Based on a given layout of the assembly's components, the assembly is able to organise the design process of the assembly, collate useful information for each component's design optimisation and general design data management. In this work, the SOUSC concept has been illustrated by means of a gearbox model. To enable the system to recognise the needs and outputs of the individual component, a standardised procedure has been established for the modelling of the components and their design optimisation routine. Standard component data, as found in manufacturers' catalogues has been organised and incorporated to form part of the design constraints. The need to achieve efficient management of both the standard component data and the data arising from the design of a mechanical assembly has resulted in the development of a database management system package, TEKDEMS. TEKDBMS offers certain facilities necessary in the design process of a mechanical assembly which are not found in commercially available database management systems. The dynamic programming technique for optimisation has been employed. Coupled with the strategy of decomposition, the assembly is broken up into a series of interdependent stages and the principle of returns applied recursively. This technique has been found to be a useful and suitable method as it fitted in with the desired feature of flexibility in design optimisation of mechanical assemblies.
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Machado, Geovani Pereira. "Introdução à análise não standard." Universidade de São Paulo, 2018. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/45/45131/tde-18022019-171451/.
Full textAbstract:
A área conhecida como Análise Não Standard consiste na aplicação dos métodos da Teoria dos Modelos e da Teoria dos Ultrafiltros para a obtenção de extensões peculiares de sistemas matemáticos infinitos. As novas estruturas construídas segundo esse procedimento satisfazem ao Princípio da Transferência, uma propriedade de suma importância e influência a qual afirma que as mesmas sentenças de primeira ordem com quantificadores limitados são verdadeiras para o sistema original e a sua extensão. Concebida em 1961 por Abraham Robinson e aprimorada por vários matemáticos nos anos subsequentes, tal área de pesquisa provou ser bastante proveitosa e esclarecedora para diversas outras partes da Matemática, como a Topologia, a Teoria das Probabilidades, a Análise Funcional e a Análise Complexa. Manifesta-se uma reavaliação da Teoria dos Domínios Ordenados seguida de um tratamento completo e gradual das fundações da Análise Não Standard assumindo a perspectiva dos Monomorfismos Não Standard, onde adota-se como metateoria a teoria dos conjuntos de Neumann-Bernays-Gödel com o Axioma da Escolha. A fim de impulsionar a assimilação da metodologia abordada, o estudo explora as propriedades do corpo não arquimediano dos números hiper-reais de maneira intuitiva e informal, utilizando-se destas para revelar demonstrações alternativas e relativamente diretas de alguns dos principais resultados do Cálculo Diferencial e Integral, como o Teorema do Valor Intermediário, o Teorema de Bolzano-Weierstrass, o Teorema do Ponto Crítico, o Teorema da Função Inversa e o Teorema Fundamental do Cálculo.The field known as Non-standard Analysis consists in the application of the methods of Model Theory and Ultrafilter Theory to the attainment of peculiar extensions of infinite mathematical systems. The new structures produced under that procedure satisfy the Transfer Principle, a property of the utmost importance and influence which states that the same first-order sentences with bounded quantifiers are true for the original system and its extension. Conceived in 1961 by Abraham Robinson and improved by a number of mathematicians in the following years, such area of research has proved to be very fruitful and illuminating to many other parts of Mathematics, such as Topology, Probability Theory, Functional Analysis and Complex Analysis. The work presents a reexamination of the Theory of Ordered Domains followed by a thorough and gradual treatment of the foundations of Non-standard Analysis under the perspective of Non-standard Monomorphisms, where Neumann-Bernays-Gödels set theory with the Axiom of Choice is adopted as metatheory. In order to boost the assimilation of the methodology put forward, the study explores the properties of the non-archimedean field of hyperreal numbers in an intuitive and informal fashion, employing them to reveal alternative and relatively direct proofs of some of the main results of Differential and Integral Calculus, such as the Intermediate Value Theorem, the Bolzano-Weierstrass Theorem, the Extreme Value Theorem, the Inverse Function Theorem and the Fundamental Theorem of Calculus.
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Harland-Lang, Lucian. "Standard candle central exclusive processes." Thesis, University of Cambridge, 2012. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.610825.
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Lockard, Michael T., and James A. Jr Garling. "CHAPTER 10 RECORDING STANDARD UPDATE." International Foundation for Telemetering, 2006. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/604053.
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ITC/USA 2006 Conference Proceedings / The Forty-Second Annual International Telemetering Conference and Technical Exhibition / October 23-26, 2006 / Town and Country Resort & Convention Center, San Diego, CaliforniaThe IRIG 106 Chapter 10 Standard has evolved significantly since its inception. This paper covers the background, technology, status, users, supporting vendors and future considerations such as ground-based recording and archiving. Also covered are samples of toolsets available for troubleshooting, validation, data processing and display of Chapter 10 data
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Holma, Evert. "Designkoncept för standard hydraulik modul." Thesis, Umeå universitet, Institutionen för tillämpad fysik och elektronik, 2016. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:umu:diva-125093.
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Detta examensarbete har genomförts på Outotec i Skellefteå, det är ett finskt företag som levererar process- och automationslösningar för metall-, mineral-, energi- och vattenindustrin. Hydraulik ingår i många av Outotecs maskiner och processlösningar och där har ett önskemål funnits om att ha en mindre hydraulmodul för att driva enklare funktioner som använder sig av cylindrar. Detta examensarbete har gått ut på att ta fram ett designkoncept för en mindre hydraulmodul för att driva cylindrar som används för att köra enklare funktioner i en smältverksanläggning. Arbetet omfattar ett framtagande av ett hydraulschema för modulen där nödvändiga komponenter skall ingå, ett beräkningsunderlag för att kunna välja komponenter till modulen. Samt ett förslag på vilka större och viktiga komponenter som kan användas för systemet och ett designförslag på hur modulen kan komma att se ut vid ett färdigställande. Som ett resultat av detta har ett beslutsunderlag tagits fram för att kunna färdigställa modulen, beslutsunderlaget baseras på beräkningar som är gjorda på de olika cylindrarna samt komponenter som kommer att behövas i modulen. Ett antal av komponenterna är valda och kan ses som en riktlinje för ett slutgiltigt beslut, så det är möjligt att välja en liknande produkt av ett annat fabrikat eller andra dimensioner. Resultatet innehåller även ett hydraulschema som beskriver funktionen för modulen och vilka komponenter som bör ingå då modulen är färdig. Ett förslag på konstruktion och layout är framtaget för modulen, denna innehåller dock inte alla komponenter men de största komponenterna finns med som tank, motor och ackumulator.This thesis has been conducted at Outotec in Skellefteå, Outotec is a Finnish company that supplies process and automation solutions for metal, mineral, energy and water industries. Hydraulics are included in many of Outotec's equipment’s and process solutions and because of this they have come to the idea of having a smaller hydraulic module for operating simple functions that use hydraulic cylinders. This thesis has been to develop a design concept for this small hydraulic module to operate the cylinders that are used to run simple functions in a metal melting plant. The work includes the development of a hydraulic diagram for the module where the necessary components are included, the calculation basis for selecting components to the module, a proposal on which significant and important components that can be used for the system and a design proposal on how the module might look at a completion. As a result of this, a decision basis was developed in order to complete the module. The decision data are based on calculations made on the components that will be needed in the module and the various functions that the module is supposed to run. The bigger components are selected and can be seen as a guideline for a final decision, so it is possible to choose a similar product but with other dimensions or products from another manufacturer. The result also includes a hydraulic diagram describing the function of the module and which components that should be included when the module is completed. A draft of the design and layout is designed for the module, this does not contain all the components, but the main components are included such as the tank, motor and accumulator.