Journal articles: 'Standard Questionnaire parent Version'

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Sudnawa, Khemika Khemakanok, Jitthip Yeepae, Apichat Photia, Piya Rujkijyanont, Chanchai Traivaree, and Chalinee Monsereenusorn. "The Reliability of the Thai version of Health-Related Quality of Life Questionnaire: PedsQL 3.0 Cancer Module." Global Pediatric Health 9 (January 2022): 2333794X2210927. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/2333794x221092738.

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Assessing the health-related quality of life (HRQOL) is highly recommended as a standard of care for children with cancer in conjunction with medical treatment. The Pediatric Quality of Life Inventory (PedsQL) Cancer Module is a standard tool designed to assess the HRQOL among pediatric oncology patients. This study aimed to evaluate the reliability and correlation of the PedsQL 3.0 Cancer Module in Thai version between child and parent reports. A cross-sectional study was conducted on 85 Thai children with cancer and their families. Excellent internal consistency of the PedsQL 3.0 Cancer Module of the Thai version was addressed among child and parent reports (0.92 and 0.94, respectively). Overall positive correlations were also found between child and parent reports ( r = 0.61, P < .001). However, the statistically significant differences of HRQOL scores between child and parent reports were determined on procedural anxiety (70.05 ± 26.67 vs 60.03 ± 25.6, P = .003), treatment anxiety (88.15 ± 17.37 vs 76.82 ± 26.7, P = .001), worry (66.67 ± 25.59 vs 55.34 ± 30.37, P = .003) and the total score (74.37 ± 15.7 vs 70.42 ± 17.15, P = .034). This study demonstrated desirable internal reliability with positive correlations between child and parent reports of the PedsQL 3.0 Cancer Module in Thai version, although possible differences between child and parent HRQOL scores should be considered.

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Kumah-Crystal, Yaa A., Preston M. Stein, Qingxia Chen, Christoph U. Lehmann, Laurie L. Novak, Sydney Roth, and S. Trent Rosenbloom. "Before-Visit Questionnaire: A Tool to Augment Communication and Decrease Provider Documentation Burden in Pediatric Diabetes." Applied Clinical Informatics 12, no. 05 (October 2021): 969–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/s-0041-1736223.

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Abstract Objective To develop and evaluate an electronic tool that collects interval history and incorporates it into a provider summary note. Methods A parent-facing online before-visit questionnaire (BVQ) collected information from parents and caregivers of pediatric diabetes patients prior to a clinic encounter. This information was related to interval history and perceived self-management barriers. The BVQ generated a summary note that providers could paste in their own documentation. Parents also completed postvisit experience questionnaires. We assessed the BVQs perceived usefulness to parents and providers and compared provider documentation content and length pre- and post-BVQ rollout. We interviewed providers regarding their experiences with the system-generated note. Results Seventy-three parents of diabetic children were recruited and completed the BVQ. A total of 79% of parents stated that the BVQ helped with visit preparation and 80% said it improved perceived quality of visits. All 16 participating providers reviewed BVQs prior to patient encounters and 100% considered the summary beneficial. Most providers (81%) desired summaries less than 1 week old. A total of 69% of providers preferred the prose version of the summary; however, 75% also viewed the bulleted version as preferable for provider review. Analysis of provider notes revealed that BVQs increased provider documentation of patients' adherence and barriers. We observed a 50% reduction in typing by providers to document interval histories. Providers not using summaries typed an average of 137 words (standard deviation [SD]: 74) to document interval history compared with 68 words [SD 47] typed with BVQ use. Discussion Providers and parents of children with diabetes appreciated the use of previsit, parent-completed BVQs that automatically produced provider documentation. Despite the BVQ redistributing work from providers to parents, its use was acceptable to both groups. Conclusion Parent-completed questionnaires on the patient's behalf that generate provider documentation encourage communication between parents and providers regarding disease management and reduce provider workload.

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Roberts, Sophie, Barry Wright, Kate Moore, Josie Smith, Victoria Allgar, Alan Tennant, Caroline Doherty, et al. "Translation into British Sign Language and validation of the Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire." Health Services and Delivery Research 3, no. 2 (February 2015): 1–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.3310/hsdr03020.

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BackgroundThere are an estimated 125,000 deaf people in the UK who use British Sign Language (BSL) as their main form of communication, but there are no child mental health screening instruments that are accessible to deaf children whose first or main language is BSL (or to deaf adults reporting on children). This study sought to develop a new BSL translation of a commonly used mental health screening tool (Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire, SDQ), with versions available for deaf young people (aged 11–16 years), parents and teachers. The psychometric properties of this translation, and its validity for use with the deaf signing UK population, were also investigated.Objectives(1) To translate the SDQ into BSL; and (2) to use this new version with a cohort of deaf children, deaf parents and deaf teachers fluent in BSL across England, and validate it against a ‘gold standard’ clinical interview.MethodsThis study was split into two broad phases: translation and validation. The BSL SDQ was developed using a rigorous translation/back-translation methodology with additional checks, and we have defined high-quality standards for the translation of written/oral to visual languages. We compared all three versions of the SDQ (deaf parent, deaf teacher and deaf young person) with a gold standard clinical interview by child mental health clinicians experienced in working with deaf children. We also carried out a range of reliability and validity checks.ResultsThe SDQ was successfully translated using a careful methodology that took into account the linguistic and cultural aspects of translating a written/verbal language to a visual one. We recruited 144 deaf young people (aged 11–16 years), 191 deaf parents of a child aged either 4–10 or 11–16 years (the child could be hearing or deaf) and 77 deaf teachers and teaching assistants. We sought deaf people whose main or preferred language was BSL. We also recruited hearing participants to aid cross-validation. We found that the test–retest reliability, factor analysis and internal consistency of the three new scales were broadly similar to those of other translated versions of the SDQ. We also found that using the established multi-informant SDQ scoring algorithm there was good sensitivity (76%) and specificity (73%) against the gold standard clinical interview assessment. The SDQ was successfully validated and can now be used in clinical practice and research. Factor analysis suggests that the instrument is good for screening for mental health problems but not for the identification of specific disorders, and so should be used as a screening instrument. It will also enable outcomes to be monitored.ConclusionsA BSL version of the SDQ can now be used for national studies screening for mental health problems in deaf children. This will help us better understand the needs of deaf children and will enable earlier detection of mental health difficulties. It can also be used within clinical settings to monitor outcomes.Future workFuture work may focus on using the SDQ in epidemiological research, and developing new assessment instruments for deaf children to improve assessment methods in the deaf population.FundingThe National Institute for Health Research Health Services and Delivery Research programme.

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Dhakal, Ajaya Kumar, Devendra Shrestha, Subhash Chandra Shah, Henish Shakya, Arati Shakya, and Avi Sadeh. "A Nepali Translation of Brief Infant Sleep Questionnaire (BISQ) For Assessment of Sleep in Infants and Toddlers: A Preliminary Report." Journal of Kathmandu Medical College 3, no. 3 (March 2, 2015): 102–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/jkmc.v3i3.12245.

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Background: Sleep problems are common in children and various questionnaires have been devised to screen these problems. Brief Infant Sleep Questionnaire (BISQ) is one of the sleep screening tools which is simple, reliable and valid tool and is being used for screening of sleep problems in infants and toddlers in various countries. Objectives: The objective of this study was to translate English version of Brief Infant Sleep Questionnaire to Nepali language using a standard technique so that Nepali version could be used to screen sleep problems in Nepalese infants and toddlers. Methods: This article describes the process of translation of original BISQ questionnaire into Nepali language in a standard method. Four bilingual paediatricians translated English BISQ to Nepali language which was then tested among few parents for understanding, clarity and uniformity of expected response. A draft version was finalized after consensus of translators, two expert paediatricians and original author. This version was then translated back into English by two independent medical professionals and compared with original BISQ for content and meaning. The final version of Nepali translation was approved after consensus agreement. Results: The translated Nepali BISQ was then tested among 15 parents who had a child below three years of age. These parents did not find difficulty in understanding and responses were uniform and as expected from the original questionnaire. Conclusion: The Nepali version of BISQ could be applicable as a screening tool to assess sleep in infants and toddlers in clinical setup as well as research studies.DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/jkmc.v3i3.12245Journal of Kathmandu Medical CollegeVol. 3, No. 3, Issue 9, Jul.-Sep., 2014, apge: 102-106

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Wimbarti, Supra, Juliarni Siregar, Mistety Oktaviana, and Regiastri Regiastri. "Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire Parent Report (SDQ-PR) As Screening Instrument of Children Mental Health in Indonesia." Jurnal Psikologi 46, no. 2 (August 6, 2019): 130. http://dx.doi.org/10.22146/jpsi.46698.

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This study aims at examining the agreement level between clinical diagnoses by a senior psychologist in the hospital and diagnoses/screening on Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire conducted by parents. Using ICD 10 (Indonesian version) as the gold standard, a clinical child psychologist diagnosed 253 male and female elementary school children aged 7-14 years old. Parents of the same children were requested to fill-out the SDQ questionnaire (SDQ-PR). Psychometric property of SDQ-PR was analyzed using Alpha Cronbach and Principal Axis Factoring Analysis. Screening quality of SDQ-PR was examined using Receiver Operating Characteristic (ROC), Likelihood Ratio (LR+ and LR-), and Chi-square. Reliabilities of SDQ-PR in all subscales were (α = 0.562 to α = 0.684) except subscale of peer-problem (α = 0.174). Different from the original version of SDQ-PR that consists of 5 subscales, this study revealed 8 subscales. LR and ROC analyses for hyperkinetic revealed LR+ = 1.84 and LR– = 0.51, sensitivity = 67.6% and specificity = 63.3% with cut-off score ≥ 6. For behavior disorder, the LR+ = 2.3, LR- = 0.42, sensitivity = 70.96%, and specificity = 69.15% with cut-off score ≥ 4. As for behavior disorder the LR+ = 1.07, LR- = 0.94, sensitivity = 50%, specificity 53.27% with cut-off score ≥ 4. Chi-square score indicated a significant correlation between SDQ-PR and the diagnoses from child psychologist for hyperkinetic and behavior disorder, but not for an emotional problem.

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Cornes, Andy, Meg J. Rohan, Jemina Napier, and Joseph M. Rey. "Reading the Signs: Impact of Signed Versus Written Questionnaires on the Prevalence of Psychopathology Among Deaf Adolescents∗." Australian & New Zealand Journal of Psychiatry 40, no. 8 (August 2006): 665–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/j.1440-1614.2006.01866.x.

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Objective: There are no empirically validated measures of psychopathology that can be easily understood by signing deaf children and little reliable data on the prevalence of psychiatric disturbance in this population. The aim was to meet this need by developing an Australian Sign Language (Auslan) version of a widely used measure (the Youth Self-Report; YSR) which could be administered in an interactive CD-ROM format, to assess its reliability, and to compare the prevalence of clinically significant psychopathology in deaf adolescents when using the Auslan questionnaire versus the standard written version. This would also allow examining the validity of written questionnaires in this population. Method: Twenty-nine male and 25 female adolescents with severe or profound hearing loss from public and private schools in the Australian States of Tasmania (n = 11) and New South Wales (n = 43) agreed to participate and completed the written and the interactive Auslan versions of the YSR. Parallel forms were completed by parents (Child Behaviour Checklist) and teachers (Teacher's Report Form). Results: The Auslan version showed comparable reliability to that reported for the standard YSR: internal consistency (α) ranging from 0.77 to 0.97 and test–retest agreement (r) from 0.49 to 0.78. The interactive Auslan version yielded a prevalence of clinically significant emotional and behavioural problems in deaf adolescents of 42.6% compared with 21.4% when using the standard English version. Prevalence for the wider Australian adolescent population (18.9%) was similar to that obtained among deaf adolescents when using the standard YSR (21.4%). However, it was higher among deaf adolescents (42.6%) when using the Auslan version (OR = 3.2, 95% CI = 1.83–5.58). According to the Auslan version, the syndromes Withdrawn/Depressed (OR = 6.5, 95% CI = 2.96–14.25), Somatic Complaints (OR = 4.8, 95% CI = 2.53–9.22), Social Problems (OR = 8.3, 95% CI = 4.16–16.47) and Thought Problems (OR = 5.7, 95% CI = 2.50–12.80) were much more prevalent among deaf adolescents than in the wider adolescent population, while Attention Problems (OR = 1.1, 95% CI = 0.39–3.17) and Rule-Breaking Behaviour (OR = 1.5, 95% CI = 0.73–3.17) were not. Conclusions: An interactive Auslan version of the YSR is reliable, better accepted and yields higher rates of disturbance than the standard written questionnaire. Clinicians should be aware that using written instruments to assess psychopathology in deaf adolescents may produce invalid results or may underestimate the level of disturbance, particularly emotional problems.

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Ray, Carola, Ester van der Borgh-Sleddens, Rejane Augusta de Oliveira Figueiredo, Jessica Gubbels, Mona Bjelland, and Eva Roos. "Psychometric properties of the item-reduced version of the comprehensive general parenting questionnaire for caregivers of preschoolers in a Finnish context." PLOS ONE 17, no. 8 (August 4, 2022): e0270869. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0270869.

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Introduction Many instruments for assessing general parenting have been reported as burdensome and are thus seldom used in studies exploring children’s energy balance-related behaviors or weight. This study evaluates the factorial structure of the item-reduced version of the Comprehensive General Parenting Questionnaire (CGPQ), which assesses five constructs of general parenting. Methods The study uses data from two cross-sectional studies: Study 1 in 2014 (n = 173) and Study 2 in 2015–16 (n = 805). Parents of children aged three to six answered the CGPQ; in Study 1 the 69-item version, and in Study 2 the 29-item version. The reduction was based on the results of the confirmatory factor analyses (CFA) in Study 1. In both datasets, internal consistency, as Cronbach’s alphas and intraclass correlations between the items of each construct, was tested. A combined assessment of the CFA and items response theory evaluated the construct validity and the item importance for the 29-item version, and a further the reduced 22-item version. Results In Study 1, the highest Cronbach’s alphas were shown for the five constructs in the 69-item version. A higher intraclass correlation was found between the constructs in the 69- and 29-item versions, than between the 69- and the 22-item version. However, a high concordance was found between the constructs in the 29- and 22-item versions in both Study 1 and in Study 2 (0.76–1.00). Testing the goodness-of-fit of the CFA models revealed that the 22-item model fulfilled all the criteria, showing that it had a better factorial structure than the 29-item model. Standard estimations ranged from 0.20 to 0.76 in the 22-item version. Conclusion The reduced 22- and 29-item versions of the 69-item CGPQ showed good model fit, the 22-item version the better of the two. These short versions can be used to assess general parenting without overburdening the respondents.

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Carneiro, Inês Marques, Pedro Fonseca, and Rosário Ferreira. "Children’s Sleep Habits Questionnaire in Two Subpopulations from Cape Verde and Mozambique: Exploratory and Regression Analysis." Acta Médica Portuguesa 32, no. 10 (October 1, 2019): 628. http://dx.doi.org/10.20344/amp.11841.

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Introduction: Children’s sleep habits are profoundly affected by socio-economic, cultural, and environmental factors. We aim to describe the sleep habits of pediatric sub-populations from Cape Verde and Mozambique using the Children’s Sleep Habits Questionnaire, and to ascertain the determinants of the questionnaire’s score.Material and Methods: We conducted cross-sectional surveys in surveillance appointments in Cape Verde and in a school in Maputo (Mozambique). The Cape Verde sample included 206 children (mean age: 6.5) and the Mozambique sample 454 children (mean age: 8). The Portuguese version of the Children’s Sleep Habits Questionnaire was used to evaluate the children’s sleep habits. The distributions of the questionnaire’s scores across different levels of the demographic variables were compared using the Mann-Whitney and the Kruskal-Wallis tests. We used regression models to quantify the relationship between the demographic variables and the questionnaire’s scores.Results: Cape Verde sample: Questionnaire median score: 50 (range 36 – 81). Prevalence of sleep problems: 29.9% (cut-off = 56). Prevalence of parent-reported sleep problems: 22.8%. Co-sleeping: 63%. Bedtime television: 30%. Daytime nap: 63%. Questionnaire scores are associated with the mother’s educational level, the children’s age group, and with the frequency of daytime napping. Mozambique Sample: Median Questionnaire score: 48 (range 35 – 77). Prevalence of sleep problems: 28.4% (cut-off: 52). Percentage of parent-reported sleep problems: 6.9%. Co-sleeping: 29%. Bedtime television: 33%. Daytime nap: 23%. Questionnaire scores are associated with the mother’s nationality, the father educational level, and with the frequency of bedtime television.Discussion: Parents tend to overestimate the quality of their children’s sleep. The prevalence of sleep disturbances and the cut-off values are higher than observed in previous studies, which may be due to the existence of different standards and cultural expectations across populations. Bedtime television, typically associated with more disturbed sleep, is frequent in both samples. Co-sleeping and daytime napping are frequent in the Cape Verde sample; wetting the bed is common and more prevalent than in previous studies. Bed-sharing increases the parents’ awareness of their children’s sleep quality, contributing to the high prevalence of parent-reported sleep problems.Conclusion: Parent-reported sleep problems underestimate the Children’s Sleep Habits Questionnaire results. This is not necessarily indicative of more disturbed sleep and might reflect differences in sleep behavior, childcare practice, and cognitions and attitudes towards the concept of ‘normal’ sleep.

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Cserép, Melinda, Brigitta Szabó, Péter Tóth-Heyn, Attila J. Szabo, and Irena Szumska. "The Predictive Role of Cognitive Emotion Regulation of Adolescents with Chronic Disease and Their Parents in Adolescents’ Quality of Life: A Pilot Study." International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 19, no. 23 (December 1, 2022): 16077. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph192316077.

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Background: The purpose of this study was to investigate cognitive emotion regulation in adolescents with chronic illness and their parents. Methods: Eighty-five young people (mean = 15.86 years, standard deviation = ± 1.42, girls 65.88%) with chronic illnesses (inflammatory bowel disease n = 40 or type 1 diabetes n = 45), and their parents (mean = 46.06 years, 87.06% mother) completed the Cognitive Emotion Regulation Questionnaire (CERQ) for themselves and the Inventory of Quality of Life in Children and Adolescents (ILC) questionnaire adolescent and parent version. We conducted two hierarchical linear regression analyses with “enter” method. The CERQ scales and the diagnosis of chronic disease were chosen as independent variables, and the total ILC score in the first analysis and the ILC proxy score in the second analysis were chosen as dependent variables. Results: Among adolescents, cognitive emotion regulation strategies such as self-blame, positive reappraisal, and catastrophizing have been proven to be predictors of their own quality of life; however, parental self-blame was also found to be a predictor of adolescents’ quality of life. Parental rumination and positive refocusing have been shown to be predictors of how parents rate their child’s quality of life. Conclusions: The present study sheds light on cognitive emotion regulation strategies in adolescents with chronic illness and their parents that have a significant impact on the development of young people’s quality of life.

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Saeed, Hijab, Shoaib Waqas, Muhammad Tariq, Hafiz Muhammad Asim, and Maleeha Fuad. "Translation and Validation of Autism Spectrum Screening Questionnaire in Urdu for Autistic Children." Pakistan Journal of Medical and Health Sciences 16, no. 6 (June 22, 2022): 40–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.53350/pjmhs2216640.

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Aim: The objective of this study is Translation and validation of autism spectrum screening questionnaires in Urdu. Methods: This was a cross-cultural validation study conducted at the Rising Sun Institute in Lahore utilizing convenient sampling. Twenty pediatric rehabilitation experts and parents of children with autism spectrum disorders, ranging in age from 6 to 17, were included in the study. Two different translators translated the original English edition of ASSQ into Urdu (forward translation). One of the translators was a technological expert, while the other was a medical professional. These interpreters could communicate well in both English and Urdu. The Urdu version of the ASSQ was subsequently translated into English (backward translation). This was carried out by a healthcare expert who had been blinded to the original English version of the ASSQ. The final version was given to an expert panel for assessment after both scales were compared. Panel created the final translated Urdu version of the data. The guardian's approval was obtained in advance, and anonymity was guaranteed. The data was entered into and analyzed using the SPSS version 21 application. The variables in the study were represented using descriptive statistics such as tables, graphs, and percentages. Results: For reliability statistics, the mean age of the participants was 54.87, with a standard deviation of 0.7648. The translated ASSQ questionnaire had a Cronbach's alpha of 0.584. After testing and re-testing on parents of Autism patients, the inter item correlation (Pearson Correlation) varied between (0.510-0.845). After translation of ASSQ, the intra-class correlation varied from 0.345 to 0.484. Conclusion: Urdu version of autism spectrum screening questionnaire is a valid and reliable tool for autism children. Keywords: Autism, Screening, Questionnaire, Autistic

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Tzang, Ruu-Fen, Yue-Cune Chang, and Chuan-Hsin Chang. "Structural Equation Modeling (SEM): Childhood Aggression and Irritable ADHD Associated with Parental Psychiatric Symptoms." International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 18, no. 19 (September 25, 2021): 10068. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph181910068.

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Background: Children with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) co-occurring with Oppositional Defiant Disorder (ODD) further present aggressive behavior and may have a depressive parent. A child with co-occurring ADHD and ODD has differentially higher levels of behavioral and emotional difficulties. Little is known about how the irritable subtype of ADHD in children mediates the development of parental symptomatology. This study aims to elucidate the direct or indirect influence of childhood disruptive ADHD with aggressive behavior on their parental symptom using Structural Equation Modeling (SEM). Methods: A total of 231 ADHD children and their parents completed the Swanson, Nolan, and Pelham Version IV questionnaire for symptoms of ADHD, Oppositional Defiant Disorder (ODD) scale for irritable symptoms, Child Behavior Check List (CBCL) for aggression, and Symptom Checklist (SCL) for parental symptom. Results: The three-factor confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) model found symptoms of inattention, hyperactivity/impulsivity, irritable ODD, and aggression were inter-related. Mediational analyses demonstrated ODD mediates symptoms directly predicting the risk of increasing ADHD severity. Disruptive child symptoms (ADHD + ODD + aggression) may increase the risk of depression-related symptoms in the parent. When the child’s aggression increases by one standard deviation (SD), parental psychiatric symptoms increase by 0.235 SD (p < 0.001). Conclusions: By this SEM pathway analysis, there is the correlation between the disruptive, more aggressive subtype of ADHD in children/adolescents and the existence of psychopathological symptomatology of their parents. ADHD + ODD + aggression in children should be classified as an irritable subtype of ADHD, warranting early diagnosis and intensive treatment.

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Smyth, E. C., Y. Y. Janjigian, E. Robinson, E. C. Sheehy, I. Karpenko, M. Capanu, D. P. Kelsen, and M. A. Shah. "Quality of life in patients with advanced gastroesophageal (GE) adenocarcinoma treated with modified docetaxel, cisplatin, and fluorouracil (mDCF)." Journal of Clinical Oncology 29, no. 4_suppl (February 1, 2011): 92. http://dx.doi.org/10.1200/jco.2011.29.4_suppl.92.

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92 Background: Although DCF is a standard first line chemotherapy option for advanced GE adenocarcinoma, the regimen is associated with significant toxicity. Even so, time to detriment in quality of life (QoL) was significantly better with parent DCF than CF (Ajani, JCO 2007). Modified DCF (mDCF) has demonstrated less toxicity than parent DCF without compromising efficacy in two phase II studies (Shah, GI ASCO 2010; Kelsen, ASCO 2009). We report the quality of life (QoL) over time of patients receiving mDCF on these two clinical trials. Methods: Patients (pts) treated on two protocols utilizing the mDCF regimen, either alone or in combination with bevacizumab, were administered standard EORTC QoL questionnaires (QLC –C30 version 3), at baseline, 6 weeks, 3, 6, 9 and 12 months (m). Chemotherapy and QoL assessment continued until disease progression. Mean score change from baseline was assessed using Wilcoxon test. Results: 94 eligible pts have been enrolled on both studies; QoL questionnaires are available on 87 pts. 74% are male, median age 58 years (range 28-78), with baseline Karnofsky performance status of 80% (range 70-100). Patient compliance with QoL assessment was high at baseline but diminished with time; 89% of pts completed the questionnaire at baseline and 41% at 12m. There was no significant detriment in EORTC QOL scores (including global health, physical and social functioning and fatigue) during treatment with mDCF (Table). Conclusions: In patients with advanced GE cancer, we observed no detriment in QoL scores in patients receiving mDCF therapy. Specifically, physical and social functioning, fatigue, appetite, and global heath QoL scores were maintained at baseline levels during the first 6 months of therapy, and appear to improve in patients who remained on protocol therapy during the next 6 months of treatment. [Table: see text] No significant financial relationships to disclose.

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Mladenov, Kiril, Lena Braunschweig, Jennifer Behrend, Heiko M. Lorenz, Urs von Deimling, and Anna K. Hell. "Validation of the German version of the 24-item Early-Onset Scoliosis Questionnaire." Journal of Neurosurgery: Pediatrics 23, no. 6 (June 2019): 688–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.3171/2019.1.peds18704.

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OBJECTIVEDuring childhood, early-onset scoliosis (EOS) may show severe progressive deformity, which consequently leads to aggressive treatment strategies, such as serial casting, long-term bracing, or surgical interventions. The latter usually includes repeated surgeries for implant lengthening every 6 months in order to allow sufficient growth of the thorax and spine. In 2011, the 24-item Early-Onset Scoliosis Questionnaire (EOSQ-24) was introduced to measure health-related quality of life for this patient group and their families. Since then, cross-culturally adapted versions of the EOSQ-24 have been published in Spanish, Turkish, traditional Chinese, and Norwegian. The purpose of the study was to transculturally adapt the original English version of the EOSQ-24 into the German language and evaluate the reliability of the German version.METHODSAfter adaptation and forward/backward translation, the German version of the EOSQ-24 was given to the parents or caregivers of 67 EOS patients (33 male, 34 female) Data quality was evaluated by mean, standard deviation, percentage of data missing, and extent of ceiling and floor effects. Reliability was estimated by internal consistency using Cronbach α and item-total correlations.RESULTSIn the study group (n = 67), 12 children were either observed (n = 7) or treated with a brace (n = 5). The other 55 patients were treated surgically with growth-friendly implants. The item response to the German EOSQ-24 was high with a minimum of missing data (1.7%). All items showed very good to excellent internal consistencies (0.879–0.903). Floor effects for the 24 items were between 0% and 31% and ceiling effects between 9% and 78%. The calculated Cronbach α for the 24-item scale was 0.9003, indicating excellent reliability.CONCLUSIONSThe German adaptation of the EOSQ-24 shows excellent reliability and therefore is a valid tool to measure objective health-related quality of life in children with EOS.

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Kita, Sachiko, Kaori Baba, Riho Iwasaki-Motegi, Emiko Kishi, Kiyoko Kamibeppu, Wenche Karin Malmedal, and Ko Ling Chan. "Development of A Japanese Version of the Family Poly-Victimization Screen (FPS-J)." International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 20, no. 4 (February 10, 2023): 3142. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph20043142.

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This study developed a Japanese version of the Family Poly-Victimization Screen (FPS-J) and assessed its validity. A cross-sectional study using self-report questionnaires was conducted with parents of children in Tokyo, Japan, from January to February 2022. To test the validity of the FPS-J, we used the Japanese versions of the revised Conflict Tactics Scale Short Form (J-CTS2SF) as the gold standard for intimate partner violence (IPV), the Conflict Tactics Scale Parent-Child (J-CTS-PC) for child abuse (CAN), the Conflict Tactics Scale (J-MCTS) for elder abuse, the K6-J for depression and anxiety, the PCL5-J for post-traumatic stress disorder, and the J-KIDSCREEN for Health-related Quality of Life among children. Data from 483 participants (response rate: 22.6%) were used. The J-CTS2SF and J-CTS-PC scores were significantly higher among the IPV/CAN-victim groups than in the non-victimized groups classified by the FPS-J (p < 0.001). The JMCTS scores did not differ significantly between the victim and non-victim groups (p = 0.44), but the PCL5-J, K6-J, and J-KIDSCREEN-10 scores were either significantly higher or lower among victims of violence than among the non-victim groups (p < 0.05). This study suggests the validity of parts of the FPS-J, especially the IPV against respondents and CAN by respondents.

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Munaretto, Vania, Giulia Reggiani, Chiara Munerol, Elizabeth Maran, Marina Perdibon, Anna Chiara Frigo, Alessandra Biffi, Laura Sainati, and Raffaella Colombatti. "Quality of Life in Children, Adolescents and Young Adults with Sickle Cell Disease and Their Caregivers during Standard of Care and after Bone Marrow Transplantation: A Single Center Report." Blood 138, Supplement 1 (November 5, 2021): 3032. http://dx.doi.org/10.1182/blood-2021-151297.

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Abstract Background In spite of the improvements in clinical care of children with Sickle Cell Disease (SCD), painful vaso-occlusive (VOC) crises, recurrent admissions and long hospital stays contribute to the disruption of the social and school life of children and adolescents with SCD causing a poor QoL. Limited information is available regarding QoL of children, adolescents and young adults with SCD and their caregivers during standard of care and after bone marrow transplantation in Italy even though Italian patients participating in international meetings or global surveys highlighted the importance to improve QoL (Strunk C. BMC Proc. 2020, Osunkwo I. Am J Hematol. 2021). Moreover, no mention is given to QoL in the current AIEOP Recommendations for the Management of Children with SCD in Italy. The availability of new treatment options for SCD highlights the need to improve QoL evaluation before and after treatments. Our Center decided, therefore, to include QoL evaluation as part of comprehensive care for patients with SCD. This study has the following aims: to describe the QoL of children, adolescents and young adults with SCD undergoing standard care or after disease curative treatments (bone marrow transplantation) and the QoL of their caregivers; to evaluate the correlation of QoL with clinical-haematological and therapeutic variables. Methods Health Related QoL was examined with the Patient-Reported Outcomes Measurement Information System (PROMIS) questionnaires in Italian: Parent Proxy Profile-49 v2.0, Pediatric Profile-49 v2.0 and 57 Profile v2.1, exploring 8 domains: Pain, Fatigue, Anxiety, Depression, Physical Abilities, Peer Relations, Sleep Disorders, Pain Interference. An English version was available for English speaking parents. Patients and caregivers accessing the SCD Clinic starting May 2021 were given the paper version of the questionnaires; due to the COVID pandemic and the limited access to the SCD Outpatient Clinic, a link to a Google online version of the questionnaires was provided to all teenagers and young adults, through their mobile devices. . PROMIS Scores were standardized through the Health Measures Scoring Service (healthmeasures.net). For the descriptive analysis, the T-score was obtained, for each patient and for each PROMIS domain (symptom or function), classifying impairment in each domain as normal, mild, moderate, or severe. The Student T Test for comparisons of the means among samples and the Wilcoxon Test for the sum of ranks were used in the statistical analysis of normal and non-normal continuous variables. For the correlation analysis between continuous variables of which at least one is not normal, the Spearman Correlation Test was used. The values with p<0.05 were considered statistically significant. Results All patients and parents approached accepted to perform the questionnaire. The study involved 18 caregivers and 50 patients (25% F, mean age 16.4 years, 74% HbSS, 76% from Africa): 41 undergoing standard care (7 no therapy, 34 Hydroxyurea or chronic transfusion) and 9 who received HSCT. 37 patients (74%) and 8 parents (44%) completed the online Google version of the questionnaire. The standard of care patients displayed mild to severe symptoms in various domains (Figure 1A); in the transplant population there was impairment in QoL, with less severe impairment in most of the domains, especially in the pain domains, than what was in the standard of care group. (Figure 1B). Anxiety levels and depressive symptoms were greatest between the ages of 14-26, compared to younger ages (p 0.018). Parents do not have the same perception of the disease as their children: they appeared to overestimate the domain of pain and fatigue and underestimate anxiety and depression (p <0.001). Sleep quality was impaired in both affected and HSCT patients. The number of hospital admissions in the previous year correlated with worse QoL (p 0.04), while the number of painful VOC showed a tendency towards significance (p 0.07); there was no difference with the other domains. Updated results will be presented. Conclusions Our data show the feasibility of evaluating QoL during routine visits and also remotely. Impairment of QoL is already present in a subgroup of young patients. Even after HSCT, QoL is not optimal but personal, social, and economic reasons need to be taken into account to adequately interpret the results. Longitudinal assessment to look at QoL will be important. Figure 1 Figure 1. Disclosures Biffi: BlueBirdBio: Consultancy, Other: Advisory Board. Colombatti: Global Blood Therapeutics: Consultancy; BlueBirdBio: Consultancy; NovoNordisk: Consultancy; Novartis: Consultancy; Forma Therapeutics: Consultancy; Addmedica: Consultancy; Global Blood Therapeutics: Research Funding; BlueBirdBio: Research Funding.

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Yan, Weili, Richard J. Siegert, Hao Zhou, Xiaobing Zou, Lijie Wu, Xuerong Luo, Tingyu Li, et al. "Psychometric properties of the Chinese Parent Version of the Autism Spectrum Rating Scale: Rasch analysis." Autism 25, no. 7 (April 12, 2021): 1872–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/13623613211004054.

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The recent adaptation of a Chinese parent version of the Autism Spectrum Rating Scale showed the Modified Chinese Autism Spectrum Rating Scale to be reliable and valid for use in China. The aim of this study was to test the Modified Chinese Autism Spectrum Rating Scale for fit to the Rasch model. We analysed data from a previous study of the Modified Chinese Autism Spectrum Rating Scale which comprised 1593 non-cases and 420 children diagnosed with autism spectrum disorder. We used super items based on groups of locally dependent items and item deletion when necessary to achieve good fit to the model for each of the three subscales identified by Zhou et al. and for the full 59-item Modified Chinese Autism Spectrum Rating Scale. The resulting conversion tables enable the use of genuine unidimensional, interval level scores for the total score and three subscales. Reliability was high with Person Separation Index values ranging from 0.83 to 0.89 for the three subscales and 0.79 for the total scale. In addition, we were able to identify a full-scale version of the Autism Spectrum Rating Scale and its three subscales that are all free of differential item functioning in relation to the five person factors recorded namely age, sex, caseness, relative and city. In future studies, the Teacher version of the Modified Chinese Autism Spectrum Rating Scale needs examination with Rasch analysis. Lay abstract The Autism Spectrum Rating Scale is a behavioural rating scale completed by parents and teachers that is useful for identifying children with an autism spectrum disorder. The development of a modified Autism Spectrum Rating Scale suitable for use in China is important for the identification of children in China with an autism spectrum disorder. In this study, we examined the Modified Chinese Autism Spectrum Rating Scale using a statistical technique known as Rasch analysis. Rasch analysis tests whether the questionnaire meets the standards for modern scientific measurement. We used Rasch analysis to examine data from 2013 children in China including 420 diagnosed with an autism spectrum disorder who had been rated by a parent or grandparent. After removing a small number of items (questions), the Modified Chinese Autism Spectrum Rating Scale met the stringent criteria for Rasch measurement. The availability of a reliable and precise tool for assessing behaviours characteristic of an autism spectrum disorder in Chinese children will improve the identification and diagnosis of autism spectrum disorder in China, thus enabling better provision of support services.

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Flôres, Fábio Saraiva, Luis Paulo Rodrigues, and Rita Cordovil. "Further development of the Affordances for Motor Behavior of Schoolchildren: standardized version and scoring system." Revista Brasileira de Atividade Física & Saúde 27 (October 31, 2022): 1–4. http://dx.doi.org/10.12820/rbafs.27e0277.

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Mapping and evaluating regular contexts that schoolchildren attend is of great importance to understanding motor behavior. This communication aims to present the scoring system and standardization of the Affordances for Motor Behavior of Schoolchildren (AMBS), recently presented to the scientific and educational community. The AMBS was developed to assess children’s interdependent systems, such as home, school, and sports activities, that can influence 6 to 10-year-olds’ motor development, motor learning, and motor competence. The questionnaire was completed by 377 Brazilian families. Raw scores of each of the three subscales (home, materials, and school) were transformed into standard scores, ranging from very low to very high. AMBS subscales were classified as very low (1st quartile), low (2nd quartile), good (3rd quartile), and very good (4th quartile). The AMBS total raw score is a result of the sum of the three subscales standard scores and can be classified into three categories, ranging from a low to a high AMBS. Thus, AMBS total scores were classified as low (1st tercile), average (2nd tercile), and high (3rd tercile). We expect that raw and standard scores of the AMBS can be used by researchers, parents, and clinical/education professionals to assess children’s affordances for motor behavior.

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Chakraborty, Satabdi, Triptish Bhatia, Nitin Antony, Aratrika Roy, Vandana Shriharsh, Amrita Sahay, Jaspreet S. Brar, et al. "Comparing the Indian Autism Screening Questionnaire (IASQ) and the Indian Scale for Assessment of Autism (ISAA) with the Childhood Autism Rating Scale–Second Edition (CARS2) in Indian settings." PLOS ONE 17, no. 9 (September 19, 2022): e0273780. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0273780.

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The Indian Autism Screening Questionnaire (IASQ), derived from the Indian Scale for Assessment of Autism ISAA (the mandated tool for autism in India), is an autism screening instrument for use in the general population by minimally trained workers. While ISAA has 40 items with four anchor points, the IASQ is a 10-item questionnaire with yes/no answers. It was initially validated using the ISAA. During its development the ISAA was itself compared to the Childhood Autism Rating Scale version 1 (ISAA Manual). In the present study, we evaluated both the ISAA and the IASQ in relation to the Childhood Autism Rating Scale version 2 (CARS-2). Methods: Participants were recruited from three settings: a referral clinic for neurodevelopmental conditions run by the Department of Paediatrics of a tertiary care teaching hospital (NDC OPD), the outpatient department of an institute for disability and rehabilitation (NIEPID), and from the community (CGOC). Persons between ages 3–18 were recruited following consent or assent (parent and child/adolescent). The IASQ was administered by a minimally trained administrator. It was followed by ISAA and the CARS-2 (in alternating order, by different evaluators blind to each other) (CARS2 SV (Standard Version) and CARS2 HF (High Functioning) as applicable). Sensitivity, specificity and area under the Receiver Operator Characteristics (ROC) curve were calculated for IASQ and CARS2, as well as for ISAA and CARS2. Concordance between CARS2 and ISAA was calculated using kappa coefficient. Results: A total of 285 participants (NIEPD n = 124; NDC OPD, n = 4; CGOC n = 157) (a total of 70 with autism and 215 controls) participated. IASQ and CARS2 were administered on 285 participants, while IASQ and ISAA were administered on 264 participants. When IASQ was compared to CARS2, sensitivity was 97%, specificity 81%, PPV 63%, NPV 99% at cut off 1 while these values were 97%, 92%, 79% and 99% respectively at cut off 2. There was high concordance between CARS2 and ISAA (Kappa 0.907, p<0.0001). Conclusions: IASQ has satisfactory sensitivity, specificity and concordance when compared with CARS2; it can be used for screening children with autism in community. The ISAA also showed a high concordance with CARS2, as it had with the older version of CARS.

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Syed Afzal Shah. "Personality of Children and Classroom Bullying: The Role of Parental Physical and Psychological Aggressio." ANNALS OF ABBASI SHAHEED HOSPITAL AND KARACHI MEDICAL & DENTAL COLLEGE 23, no. 3 (September 30, 2019): 118–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.58397/ashkmdc.v23i3.70.

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Objectives: To explore the impact of parental aggression (physical and psychological) on classroom bullying and to explore the effect of parental aggression on personality traits viz. neuroticism, extraver- sion, and agreeableness factors of personality of secondary school students. Method: A survey was conducted in the secondary schools of Mansehra, Abbotabad, and Haripur dis- tricts of Hazara Division from October, 2013 to March, 2014. A sample of 1438 students was selected to collect data by using three questionnaires. One questionnaire was about bullying while the other was about parental aggression. The third questionnaire was about the big five factors (BFF) of per- sonality and focused on only three factors of personality viz. extraversion, neuroticism, and agreeable- ness. This questionnaire was adopted. Analysis of collected datawas done through descriptive statistics such as mean, standard deviation, whereas for the prediction of effect of independent vari- able on dependent variable, multiple regression model using SPSS version 20. Results: The mean and standard deviation value of physical aggression of parents was (3.96 ± 1.23) while that of psychological aggression was (3.97 ± 1.08). Additionally, the education level of father was negatively correlated with their physical aggression (r= -0.29, a= 0.000) as well as psychological aggression (r=- 0.28, a= 0.000). Similarly, mothers' level of education was significantly negatively cor- related with both physical aggression (r= -0.16, a= 0.000) and psychological aggression (r= -0.14, a= 0.000). The results further indicated that parental physical aggression (b= 0.16, t= 5.20, a= 0.000) positively predicted classroom bullying. Moreover, parental psychological aggression proved as signifi- cant negative predictor of extraversion (r= -0.067, a= 0.021), whereas parental psychological aggression demonstrated significant positive predictor of neuroticism (r= 0.106, a= 0.001). Conclusion: A high level of aggression both physical and psychological is expressed by parents against their adolescent children. Among them, more educated parents use less aggression towards their children. This physical and psychological aggression from parents cause damaging effects on extraversion factor of personality while psychological cause neurotic tendencies in secondary school students.

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Mosli, Rana H. "Validation of the Child Feeding Questionnaire among Saudi pre-schoolers in Jeddah city." Public Health Nutrition 23, no. 4 (September 13, 2019): 599–608. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1368980019002581.

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AbstractObjective:To examine the psychometric properties of an Arabic version of the Child Feeding Questionnaire (CFQ-A) in a sample of Saudi pre-schoolers and their mothers.Design:Cross-sectional study. Mothers completed questionnaires over the telephone and child anthropometry was measured objectively using standardized procedures; BMI Z-scores (BMIZ) were calculated based on the age- and sex-specific WHO growth standards and reference data. Confirmatory factor analysis was used to examine the original seven-factor CFQ model, as well as a modified nine-factor model. Cronbach’s α was calculated to examine the internal consistency of each factor; Spearman correlation was used to examine 2-week retest reliability. Factor–factor and factor–child BMIZ correlations were examined.Setting:Jeddah, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia.Participants:A total of 209 mothers and children were recruited from eight different pre-schools.Results:Both the original seven-factor and modified nine-factor CFQ-A exhibited good fit (root-mean-square-error of approximation < 0·05). Six out of nine factors had excellent internal consistency and all factors showed excellent 2-week test–retest reliability. There were significant correlations between child BMIZ and five out of the nine factors; Perceived Child Weight, Perceived Parent Weight, Restriction and Monitoring were each positively correlated with child BMIZ, while Concern about Child’s Diet was negatively correlated with child BMIZ.Conclusions:The study provided evidence supporting the validity and reliability of the original seven-factor and modified nine-factor CFQ-A. Future studies are needed to further establish the psychometric properties of the CFQ-A in addition to other feeding assessment tools.

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Kumawat, Harish K., Suresh Kharadi, Dev Narayan, Rakhi Gaur, and Chetna Paliwal. "Effectiveness of health communication programme on knowledge regarding prevention of congenital anomalies among parents: a pre-experimental study." International Journal of Research in Medical Sciences 9, no. 7 (June 25, 2021): 1983. http://dx.doi.org/10.18203/2320-6012.ijrms20212520.

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Background: Most commonly severe congenital anomalies (CA) are heart defects, neural tube defects, and Down syndrome where some CA can be prevented. The present study was aimed to improve the knowledge regarding the prevention of CA using a health communication programme (HCP) among parents in selected community area at Udaipur.Methods: Evaluative research approach and pre-experimental, one-group pre-test - post-test research designs were adopted for this study. Using a non-probability, convenient sampling technique, sixty parents were recruited from the selected community area at Udaipur city. Tools include demographic data and a self-structured knowledge questionnaire. Data were analyzed using descriptive and inferential values by IBM statistical package for social sciences (SPSS; version 23) software.Results: Data revealed that there is a lack of knowledge regarding the prevention of CA among parents and this knowledge can be increased by administering HCP on prevention of CA. The mean and standard deviation of post-test knowledge score 23.63±10.5 was higher than the mean and standard deviation of pre-test knowledge score 9.97±13.1.Conclusions: It is required to focus on HCP to improve the knowledge regarding the prevention of CA among parents in the community.

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Pandey, Shrijana, Shristi Bhattarai, and Anwesh Bhatta. "Sleep Pattern and Problems in Young Children Visiting Outpatient Department of a Tertiary Level Hospital in Kathmandu, Nepal." Sleep Disorders 2020 (December 2, 2020): 1–5. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2020/8846288.

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Background. Sleep is an important parameter of a child’s growth and development. The pattern and duration of sleep varies with age. Sleep problems are a common occurrence during childhood days, and these problems that establish in childhood are presumed to continue later in life. Many times, parental concerns regarding their child’s sleep problems like difficulty in putting to sleep, frequent night time awakening, and waking up early are overlooked during their visits to the hospital. Objective. The aim of this study was to find out the sleep patterns and problems of children aged six to thirty-six months. Methodology. A cross-sectional study was conducted at the pediatric outpatient department of Kathmandu Medical College Teaching Hospital from October, 2019 till March, 2020. Two hundred and forty-nine respondents were chosen purposively and were given questionnaires to be filled out. Research instrument was a standard, Nepali version of a structured questionnaire called Brief Infant Sleep Questionnaire (BISQ) which contained questions related to sleep parameters and sleep problems existing among young children of 6-36 months. Mean, standard deviation, frequencies, and Kruskal Wallis test were used for statistical analysis. Results. The mean duration of total sleep was 12.12 ± 2.00 hours, while that of night sleep was 9.22 ± 1.19 hours and mean daytime nap was 2.90 ± 1.66 hours. Most of the children (96%) coslept with their parents, and 55% of the children had feeding as a bedtime ritual. Overall, 19.6% of the children had sleep problems as identified by BISQ although only 5.6% of the parents perceived that their children had it. Conclusions. Sleep problems were present among young Nepalese children included in our study, and sleep assessment should be a part of every health checkup for children.

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Rönnlund, Hanni, Marko Elovainio, Irina Virtanen, Anna-Riitta Heikkilä, Hanna Raaska, and Helena Lapinleimu. "Child Eveningness as a Predictor of Parental Sleep." Children 9, no. 12 (December 15, 2022): 1968. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/children9121968.

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Child eveningness has been associated with many adverse outcomes for children. The aim of this study was to assess whether child eveningness poses a risk to parental sleep quality in follow-up. A total of 146 children (57% adopted, 47% boys, mean age at follow-up 5.1 years [standard deviation 1.7]) completed a 1-week actigraph recording to analyze their sleep twice, 1 year apart. The parents completed the Child ChronoType Questionnaire for their child and a short version of the Morningness–Eveningness Questionnaire for themselves and the Jenkins Sleep Scale for their sleep quality. Linear regression analyses showed that subjective parental sleeping problems at baseline were associated with subjective parental sleeping problems at follow-up. A morning-type child decreased the risk of parental sleeping problems at the 1-year follow-up compared to the child evening chronotype. Additionally, the child intermediate chronotype decreased the risk of maternal sleeping problems at the 1-year follow-up compared to the evening chronotype of the child. Parents of evening-type children experienced more sleeping problems in the follow-up, compared to parents of morning-type children. This finding encourages parents and professionals to steer the diurnal rhythm of evening-type children toward an earlier daily routine.

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Park, Hyeon Jin, Yoon Yi Kim, Young Ae Kim, Young Ho Yun, Byung Ho Nam, Ha Kyoung Kim, Smita Bhatia, et al. "Validation of the Korean Version of the Minneapolis-Manchester Quality of Life Instrument for Childhood Cancer Survivors." Blood 112, no. 11 (November 16, 2008): 1319. http://dx.doi.org/10.1182/blood.v112.11.1319.1319.

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Abstract Purpose : Remarkable improvements in survival of children with cancer have resulted in a growing population of Korean childhood cancer survivors. However, long-term survivors are at risk for developing a broad spectrum of adverse outcomes. Therefore increasing emphasis is now being placed on health-related quality of life (HRQL) of Korean childhood cancer survivors. The Minneapolis-Manchester Quality of Life Instrument (MMQL) is a standardized patient self-report instrument designed to assess HRQL in childhood cancer survivors. In order to create an appropriate scale for the HRQL assessment of Korean childhood cancer survivors, the Korean version of MMQL-Youth Form (YF) (8 to 12 years) and MMQL-Adolescent Form (AF) (13 to 20 years) were cross-culturally adapted into Korean and its reliability and validity were evaluated. Patients and Methods : The translation procedure followed the standard Functional Assessment of Chronic Illness Therapy (FACIT) translation methodology. The patients who were given the diagnosis of cancer participated in this study. The subjects consist of 4 groups, which are 8–12 and 13–20 aged patients undergoing treatment after the diagnosis of cancer, and 8–12 and 13–20 aged patients who were more than 1 year after terminating treatment. Factor analysis uses the pattern of inter-item correlations to produce clusters of items that have substantial correlations with one another. The stability was tested by readministering the MMQL to a subset of participants of each group after a 2-week interval. Cronbach’s coefficient alpha was used to assess the internal consistency. Discriminate validity was determined by comparing children undergoing treatment with children off therapy. Construct validity was conducted by comparing the patient responses of MMQL with their mothers responses of Child Health Questionnaire Parent version (CHQ-PF50). Results : The MMQL-YF were administered to 63 children undergoing treatment and their mothers and 66 off-therapy cancer survivors and their mothers. The MMQL-AF were administered to 60 children undergoing treatment and their mothers and 85 off-therapy cancer survivors and their mothers. Test-retest reliability of MMQL-YF (Cronbach’s a=0.76) and MMQL-AF (Cronbach’s a=0.82) demonstrated that both instruments were stable in all questionnaires. For internal consistency reliability, overall Cronbach’s alpha coefficient was 0.86 for the Korean version of MMQL–YF and 0.90 for the Korean version of AF. These results indicate that the items constituting the MMQL-YF and MMQL-AF were consistent internally. The MMQL-YF and MMQL-AF were able to discriminate between children undergoing treatment and off-therapy cancer survivors. The scales of MMQL-YF and MMQL-AF were highly correlated with similar CHQ-PF50 domains. Conclusion : This study provides evidence for the reliability and validity of the Korean version of MMQL-YF and MMQL-AF as a comprehensive, multidimensional self-report instrument for measuring HRQL among Korean childhood cancer survivors.

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Nurhidayah, Ikeu, Sri Hendrawati, and Dewi Pratiwi Hasriyadhi. "QUALITY OF LIFE OF FAMILY CAREGIVERS OF CHILDREN WITH LEUKEMIA: A DESCRIPTIVE QUANTITATIVE STUDY." Belitung Nursing Journal 6, no. 2 (April 28, 2020): 52–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.33546/bnj.1041.

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Background: Treatment of children with cancer can affect daily lives of family caregivers. This can disrupt roles in social life, limit daily activities, disrupt health and physical and emotional balance as well as causing economic problems and creating poor quality of life.Objective: To describe the quality of life of family caregivers of children with leukemia based on characteristics of parents and children.Methods: This was a descriptive quantitative study. The population was all parents as the primary caregivers who had children aged 0-15 years diagnosed with leukemia in pediatric wards of Provincial General Hospital of Dr. Hasan Sadikin Bandung, Indonesia. Thirty-four respondents participated in this study selected using a total sampling. The quality of life of family caregivers was measured using the quality of life family version standard questionnaire, and the children's severity of leukemia was identified by the severity of illness scale standard questionnaire. Data were analyzed using frequency distribution, mean, and standard deviation.Results: The study results showed that family caregivers had poor quality of life (58.8%), with the worst sub-dimension including physical and psychological health conditions (55.9%), followed by social conditions (52.9%), and spiritual health conditions (50.0%). The majority of family caregivers who had the poorer quality of life were at the older age, male, having a primary education level, caring for their children for less than 12 months with severe leukemia, and having an average monthly income of fewer than 1.5 million rupiahs.Conclusion: Poor quality of life was identified among family caregivers of children with leukemia. Therefore, it is suggested for nurses to provide nursing care holistically not only for the children but also the families to increase their quality of life.

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Mane, Vijaykumar P., M. V. Sagar, and Revathy R. "Prevalence of undernutrition and its determinants among preschool children in a rural community of Shimoga, Karnataka." International Journal Of Community Medicine And Public Health 5, no. 9 (August 24, 2018): 4149. http://dx.doi.org/10.18203/2394-6040.ijcmph20183610.

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Background: Undernutrition is a major health and nutrition problem in India especially among preschool children. It is an important cause of childhood mortality and morbidity and also leads to permanent impairment of physical and mental growth of those who survive. The objective of the study was to estimate the prevalence of undernutrition among preschool children in the study setting and to determine various factors associated with undernutrition of the child.Methods: A cross sectional study was conducted among 400 preschool children in the field practice area of PHC Aaynoor, Shivamogga, Karnataka. Cluster sampling technique was used for sample selection. Data was collected by interviewing the parent /guardian using a pretested and semistructured questionnaire and anthropometric measurements were done as per standard techniques. Statistical analysis was done using WHO Epi-info software version 3.5.4.Results: The prevalence of underweight, stunting and wasting was observed in 38%, 43% and 15.8% of children respectively. The study found significant association between the prevalence of undernutrition and gender, birth weight, birth order, number of siblings, caste, paternal literacy and availability of toilet in the house of the child.Conclusions: The present study revealed that the problem of undernutrition is critical in the study area and identifies multiple risk factors for its causation, thereby signifying a well - coordinated multi sectorial approach to curb the same.

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Pan, Yuqin, Patricia S. Jones, and Patricia Pothier. "The Relationship Between Mutuality and Health-Related Quality of Life in Adult Child Caregivers in China." Journal of Family Nursing 23, no. 3 (July 24, 2017): 366–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1074840717718540.

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The strain inherent in caregiving relationships between adult children and aging parents is a prominent issue in contemporary China due to a combination of demographic and socioeconomic changes. The purpose of this study was to explore how mutuality, a positive quality of caregiving relationships, contributes to the physical health and mental health (health-related quality of life [HRQoL]) of adult child caregivers [ACCs] of parent stroke survivors. A cross-sectional correlational study was conducted on a nonproportional quota sample of 126 ACCs, using questionnaires of demographics, the 15-item Mutuality Scale, and the Second Version of the Standard 12-Item Health Survey (SF-12v2). Higher mutuality was found to be correlated with better caregiver physical health and mental health. However, after adjusting for the covariates, mutuality significantly explained 4.6% of the variance of caregiver physical health (β = .22, ΔR2 = .046, p < .01) but it did not significantly explain the variance of caregiver mental health. Although multiple factors correlate with Chinese family caregivers’ HRQoL, this was the first study exploring the impact of caregiver–care receiver dyadic relationships on caregiver HRQoL in mainland China by using a mutuality scale with SF-12v2. Despite the fact that the Chinese tradition of filial piety can facilitate mutuality, socioeconomic changes and legislation that require adult children to care for aging parents appear to create high stress among family caregivers. Higher levels of mutuality contribute to better physical health in Chinese family caregivers. Therefore, culturally appropriate family nursing strategies and social policies in China could enhance caregiver mutuality and potentially promote their HRQoL, in particular physical health.

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Ramaj, Lorik, and Sadete Hasani. "Physical activity, lifestyle and nutrition as important indicators in the body mass index of children aged 3-6 years in the municipality of Mitrovica." Journal of Education, Health and Sport 11, no. 9 (September 8, 2021): 148–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.12775/jehs.2021.11.09.020.

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The purpose of this paper was to determine the level of physical activity and healthy nutrition in children aged 3-6 years from Mitrovica. The research was attended by 94 children aged 3 - 6 years from two kindergartens in Mitrovica. As a parameter that measured the weight and height of the children, it was calculated with the standardized procedure of Body Mass Index (BMI) then was calculated according to the standard formula used by (Betterhealth, 2016). Also, after extracting other information through the questionnaire, a quantitative research was conducted through the parents of 94 children who were part of the measurements. A questionnaire was used to collect the data, which was previously translated and adapted into Albanian with permission to use it. The questionnaire was combined by three different questionnaires such as: the lifestyle questionnaire (Wilson et al., 2008), the physical activity questionnaire Pre-PAQ test (Dwyer et al., 2011) and the nutrition questionnaire (Rysha et al., 2017). The data collected during the research were placed in the statistical program SPSS version 21.0, and the presentation of this data was done through a descriptive analysis. The results that came from this research showed that the effect of physical activity, lifestyle and nutrition have quite a high impact on body mass index in children. From the results we saw that the children of the two kindergartens from the municipality of Mitrovica did quite well in terms of physical activity, where in the questionnaires that were answered 89.4% of children were active more than an hour a day by walking and doing other activities. Also, the results regarding the questions in which they were asked about the time that children use the phone were at a satisfactory level, where a large percentage of parents, 77.7%, declared that their children did not use the phone more than an hour a day. While in terms of nutrition, there have been many results which need more detailed analysis and to take preventive measures such as consumption of energy drinks, carbonated beverages, fast food, etc. From the measurement of children aged 3-4 years only one child turned out to be overweight with BMI = 18.7, while the rest came out with BMI with normal limits. As for children aged 4-5 years, one child turned out to be underweight with BMI = 12.4 and one obese with BMI = 21.9 and the others with BMI with normal limits. And out of children aged 5-6 years one child came out overweight with BMI = 17.7 and two others obese, one with BMI = 19.7 and the other BMI = 19.8 and the other children had normal weight (Betterhealth, 2016).

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Ja’afar, Mohd Hasni. "The Chicago Lead Knowledge Test-Malay Version: A Cultural and Linguistic Adaptation for the Malaysian Population." Medicine & Health 15, no. 2 (December 31, 2020): 187–214. http://dx.doi.org/10.17576/mh.2020.1502.18.

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Knowledge about exposure to lead among children is still not good among parents in Malaysia. The purpose of this study was to translate the English version of the original Chicago Lead Knowledge Test (CLKT) into the Malay (local) language systematically and to suit the background culture and language of this country. The steps of systematic translation followed the International Society for Pharmacoeconomics and Outcome Research (ISPOR) standard which consists of preparation, forward translation, reconciliation, backward translation, backward translation review, harmonisation, cognitive debriefing, review of cognitive debriefing and finalisation, proofreading, and final report. The total number of items remained at 24, where one item was deleted, one item was revised, and one item was added into the instrument. All four themes; general knowledge, exposure, prevention and nutrition in this questionnaire were maintained. The response scale, answer scheme, and the scoring system remained the same. Most of the English items had direct translation to Malay language except for items 5, 7, 12, 20 and 22. The mean (+SD) and interquartile range (IQR) for total knowledge score was 9.50 + 2.45 marks and 5 marks, respectively. The lowest score was 4 marks and the highest score was 13 marks. This was be the first known study to utilise the systematic and standardised approaches in the cross-cultural translation and adaptation of the CLKT in Malaysia. The CLKT’s cultural and linguistic adaptation in Malaysia may contribute to other current research particularly on lead exposure among children.

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Coelho, R., A. Martins, and H. Barros. "Clinical profiles relating gender and depressive symptoms among adolescents ascertained by the Beck Depression Inventory II." European Psychiatry 17, no. 4 (July 2002): 222–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0924-9338(02)00663-6.

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SummaryPurposeDepressive disorders (DD) in adolescence are often misdiagnosed and under-recognised. A major clinical problem regards the high rate of co-morbidity with other disorders, namely substance abuse. The aim of this study was to assess the discriminative power of the Beck Depression Inventory II (BDI-II) to characterise specific social–demographic variables related to DD in adolescence.MethodsA Portuguese version of the BDI-II and a social–demographic questionnaire were administered to 775 Portuguese adolescents (312 males, 463 females; mean age: 16.9 years); 83 adolescents performed a clinical interview following DSM-IV criteria.ResultsMean BDI-II Portuguese version (BDI-II-P) total score was 10.31 (standard deviation: 8.4), with females reporting more depressive symptoms than males (P < 0.001). Low academic achievement, sleep disturbances, and alcohol consumption were consistently associated with depressive symptoms for both genders. Higher tobacco consumption was significantly associated with depressive symptoms in females. Familial factors did not appear to be associated with depressive symptoms in males. However, a higher frequency of siblings, having separated parents as well as a more extreme perception of the mother's educational style were consistently associated with depressive symptoms in females.ConclusionThe BDI-II-P showed discriminative power to characterise social–demographic variables related to DD especially in adolescent females.

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Jogdande, Amit J., and Anurag Gupta. "Social anxiety disorder in medical students: socio-demographic correlates." International Journal Of Community Medicine And Public Health 4, no. 9 (August 23, 2017): 3293. http://dx.doi.org/10.18203/2394-6040.ijcmph20173831.

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Background: The aims and objectives were to find types of social anxiety disorders among MBBS students; to study association of socio demographic factors and social anxiety disorder among MBBS students. Methods: This cross sectional study was conducted on 150 medical students of 2nd and 3rd year who were willing to participate. Students were asked to fill pretested structured pro-forma, maintaining all the privacy. The social phobia inventory (SPIN) questionnaire was used to diagnose SAD. Mild social anxiety is considered as normal. Analysis was done using the SPSS Version 20. Results: Out of 150 medical students, mostly (54%) were not having SAD and 46% of students who were having SAD. 27% of students were having mild SAD and 19% of students were having significant SAD. Mild social anxiety is considered as normal. Factors as gender, score in 10th standard, score in 12th standard, mother’s education, student’s residence after age of 18 years, student’s either of parents are dead or alive, were found to be significantly associated with SAD. After applying multiple logistic regression it was found that Gender (female), <75% in 10thStd, <75% in 12thStd and Mothers education <12th standard were found to be significantly associated with SAD in students. Conclusions: Out of 150 medical students, 19% of students were having significant SAD. Gender (female), <75% in 10thStd, <75% in 12thStd and Mothers education <12th standard were found to be significantly associated with SAD in students.

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Stiel, Stephanie, Maria Heckel, Kim Nikola Wendt, Martin Weber, and Christoph Ostgathe. "Palliative Care Patients’ Quality of Dying and Circumstances of Death—Comparison of Informal Caregivers’ and Health-Care Professionals’ Estimates." American Journal of Hospice and Palliative Medicine® 35, no. 7 (March 8, 2018): 1023–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1049909118756616.

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Background: Patient-reported outcomes are usually considered to be the gold standard assessment. However, for the assessment of quality of dying and death, ratings of informal caregivers (ICGs) or health-care professionals (HCPs) must be considered for ethical and methodological reasons. This article aims to present results of ICGs’ and HCPs’ estimates of the questionnaire, quality of dying and death (QoDD) on patients who died in PCUs and to compare the level of agreement of both ratings/raters. Methods: The parent validation study to this analysis assessed the ICG and HCP versions of the QoDD. Descriptive statistics are presented for each item in both versions. T tests for the estimation of differences between ICG and HCP were performed. Case-related absolute differences between estimates were analyzed regarding the extent of agreement and deviation. Results: Two hundred fifteen matched ICG and HCP ratings were analyzed. The ratings in all 6 QoDD dimensions were high; single items scored low. Mean absolute difference between both ratings was 0.33 (standard deviation [SD]: 3.08; median 0.05) on a 0 to 10 numerical rating scale and ranges between −8.24 (higher rating of ICGs compared to HCPs) and 9.33 (higher rating of HCPs compared to ICGs). Conclusions: The findings appear to show a high satisfaction with quality of dying and death as rated by ICGs and HCPs, but we suspect this might be indicative of a methodological challenge, that is, a ceiling effect in both assessments. Single low scoring items may provide important clues for improvement in end-of-life care. Although descriptive data show comparable mean values and standard deviations, the actual congruence of ratings is low. In summary, replacing one rating by another cannot be recommended.

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Hafeez, Aqila, and Ijaz Ashraf. "Exploring Teachers' Difficulties in Teaching English as a Second Language in Public Sector Elementary Schools." Global Language Review VI, no. II (June 30, 2021): 252–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.31703/glr.2021(vi-ii).27.

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This study explored the difficulties faced by the teachers while teaching English as a second language in public sector elementary schools. This study was descriptive in nature, and a survey-type research design was used. Data were collected from a randomly selected sample of 120 teachers, both male and female, out of the population of 800 public sector elementary schools of tehsil Samundari district Faisalabad. A questionnaire in the form of a 5-point Likert scale was used as a tool to collect data from respondents. Data were analyzed by using SPSS version 22. Weighted scores, mean values, and standard deviations were calculated for analysis. Findings revealed that teachers' workload in school, irrelevant qualifications, and financial pressure were the key challenges. Over crowdedness in classrooms,students and their parents' less interest in the English language, faulty examination system, limited time to complete the syllabus, and fewer training opportunities were the major problems faced by the teachers while teaching English. This study urges curtailing the workload of teachers and the arrangement of training programs for the teachers.

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Christophe, Tugirubumwe. "Parents Participation in Education and English-Speaking Skill Improvement in Rwandan Primary Schools in Musanze District." Journal of Education 5, no. 2 (May 22, 2022): 11–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.53819/81018102t5066.

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The study aimed to assess the parents’ participation and English-speaking skill improvement in Rwandan primary schools in Musanze District. The specific objectives were to assess the influence of encourage reading at home on English speaking skills improvement, to identify the effect of home learning on English speaking skills improvement and to examine the impact of parents’ participation on English speaking skill improvement in Rwandan primary schools in Musanze district. The target population included 210 and was made of teachers and parents. A sample size of 138 respondents was drawn from the target population. The simple random sampling was used. Parents were sampled using a purposive sampling technique. The study adopted a survey research design and correlation research design. The structured questionnaire and guided interview were used as instruments of data collection. SPSS version 21 was used for data analysis. The study revealed the majority of the students agreed their parents finance them to succeed in English, as the mean score was 3.05 with a standard deviation of 1.41. Moreover, the majority of the teachers confirmed that they sensitize the parents to help their children at home as the mean score value was 3.44 with a standard deviation of 1.47. On objective two, the study found a mean score of 3.09 and a standard deviation of 1.42, corresponding with 52.2%; thus, most of the students agreed that they have fluent speaking skills and effective communication. Regarding teachers, the mean score value was 3.54 with a standard deviation of 1.41 and this confirmed majority of the teachers agreed they have personnel improvement related to the success and having speaking skills. On objective three, the study revealed that 91.2% of parental involvement could affect the level of English-speaking skills improvement in primary schools as indicated by the R square =.912. This implied that the remaining 8.8% of English-speaking skills improvement in primary schools which can be affected by other factors. On the other hand, the findings also revealed that there was a statistically significance high degree of relationship between parents’ participation and English-speaking skills improvement thus P-value = .000 which is less than .01 as the level of significance and Pearson coefficient of correlation r = .955. The study recommended that Ministry of Education should provide regularly the professional trainings associated within language as a language of instruction in order to keep maintaining level of teaching environment. Keywords: Parental involvement, English speaking, skill mastery, Primary schools, Rwanda

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Girsh, Ya V., and T. A. Yuditskaya. "Comparative analysis of eating behavior of children of different age groups." Bulletin of Siberian Medicine 17, no. 2 (July 20, 2018): 21–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.20538/1682-0363-2018-2-21-30.

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The phenomenon of eating behavior in the development of obesity in the pediatric age group remains poorly understood.The purpose of the study. To determine the peculiarities of eating behavior of children of various age groups depending on body mass.Material and methods. A comparative prospective study of 905 children: 342 children 1–7 years (4.7 ± 1.29), 249 children aged 8–12 (11.08 ± 0.81) and 314 adolescents 13–18 (14.25 ± 1,34). A physical survey was conducted according to standard methods with calculation of body mass index. For the study of eating behavior of preschool children, a survey of the parents was conducted using the scales of CEBQ (Child Eating Behaviour Questionnaire; J. Wardle, 2001; by the license author), an assessment of eating behavior of children 8–12 years was conducted through the analysis of the questionnaire FEV - II, and an assessment of adolescents was done with the use of the Dutch questionnaire DEBQ (Dutch Eating Behavior Questionnaire). Statistical analysis: STATISTICA (version 8), Microsoft Excel 7,0.Results. Assessment of the frequency of occurrence of eating disorders in children and adolescents showed that regardless of age and body mass, all the children had eating disorders. The development of pathological disorders begins at 5-years of age and acquires a clear shape at 7 years. All children with normal body weight was dominated by external type of eating behavior, in subgroups of patients with overweight / obesity was the prevalent restrictive type. In patients with obesity, a third had combined forms of food behavior with the prevalence of the combination in children 8–12 years of restrictive and external types, in children 13–18 years of restrictive and emotional types. The frequency of occurrence of these combinations was increased together with the increase in children of body weight.

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Adekanle, Olusegun, Akinwumi Oluwole Komolafe, Samuel A. Olowookere, Oluwasegun Ijarotimi, and Dennis Amajuoyi Ndububa. "Hepatitis B Infection: A Mixed Methods of Disclosure Pattern and Social Problems in the Nigerian Family." Journal of Patient Experience 7, no. 2 (March 7, 2019): 208–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/2374373519827965.

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Background: Hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection has a high prevalence rate in Nigeria. Disclosure of infection status to close partner and the public attracts support for infected people. This study looks at disclosure and social challenges of infected persons. Methods: Mixed methods of patients’ administered questionnaire and an in-depth interview conducted on HBV-infected respondents in a hospital in Nigeria were used. The study recruited all participants who satisfied the inclusion criteria. Data were entered into SPSS version 20 and analyzed using simple and inferential statistics and content analysis for the in-depth interview. Results: A total of 205 participants completed the questionnaire study. Mean (standard deviation) age was 35.3 (±11.0) years. There were 121 married, 37 singles with noncohabiting partners and 47 singles without partners with disclosure rates being 96.7% versus 97.9% versus 89.2%, respectively. Singles disclosed infection more to their parents while married respondents disclosed infection more to their spouses. Singles had high rate of denial of sexual relationship (22.6%), emotional trauma (34.5%), broken relationships (11.4%), and surreptitious use of contraception for protection (67.6%). Married respondents had the highest rate of HBV vaccination of their family members (40.1%). Infection prevention and allaying fears of family members were their counseling needs. In-depth interview revealed that infected respondents usually expressed shock and depression at a positive test leading to fear and deception that put close associates at risk. Conclusion: Hepatitis B virus–infected respondents have high rate of disclosure. Family problems of these people can therefore be solved through public enlightenment and individual counseling.

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Krüger, Nina, and Johanna Nuria Rüther. "Parenting Stress in Fathers: Do We Need Father Specific Reference Samples? And Do They Differ in Regard of Taking Parental Leave?" Children 9, no. 9 (September 7, 2022): 1363. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/children9091363.

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The German version of the Parenting stress Index from Abidin, the Eltern-Belastungs-Inventar (EBI) merely provides reference samples of 538 mothers of children in toddlers and preschool age. Although meant to measure parenting stress, there are no father specific reference samples provided. The aim was to investigate differences in parenting stress between fathers and the provided reference samples of German mothers. Furthermore, the aim was to examine potential differences in the perceived stress between fathers who did and those who did not take parental leave. A total of 497 fathers living in Germany, of which more than half took parental leave, filled out the questionnaire via an online survey or the paper-pencil-version. All fathers completed the EBI and provided socio-economic data. The collected data were analyzed in terms of test quality, such as mean and standard deviation, corrected item–total correlation and reliability. Moreover, differences between the provided norm data and our sample were calculated. Analyses showed that fathers reported significantly higher levels of parenting stress than mothers. Furthermore, fathers taking parental leave did not differ significantly from those who did not, regarding their level of education or their perceived parenting stress. In conclusion, as it stands right now, the EBI does not adequately measure parenting stress in fathers, and father specific norms are needed to properly assess their levels of parenting stress. The results concerning parenting stress and parental leave were thus inconclusive. Furthermore, since reducing parenting stress in fathers is beneficial for the child’s development and the welfare of the parents, further studies focusing on fathers’ parenting stress are needed.

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Kenis, Vladimir M., Alyona J. Dimitrieva, Natalya A. Suponeva, Mikhail A. Piradov, Dzhamilya G. Yusupova, Alexey A. Zimin, Aleksandr B. Zaitsev, et al. "Oxford ankle foot questionnaire: Localization in Russia." Pediatric Traumatology, Orthopaedics and Reconstructive Surgery 9, no. 2 (July 9, 2021): 135–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.17816/ptors64382.

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BACKGROUND: According to literature data, the Oxford Foot Questionnaire for children is a valid instrument for the assessment of complaints and therefore requires adaptation in Russian. AIM: Russian localization of the Oxford Ankle Foot Questionnaire. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Localization of the questionnaire was gradually carried out in accordance with international standards. To specify the accuracy of anatomical comprehension of the lower extremity, 35 children aged 516 years old and their parents were interviewed preliminary. For final validation of the Russian version, the pilot testing was performed in 20 children aged 516 years and their parents. RESULTS: As all the interviewed children correctly anatomically specified the leg, 91.4% of them correctly pointed out the foot, and only 20.0% of children, and 57.0% of the parents were able to find the ankle joint, we translated the phrase ankle and foot as стопа. This was represented in the title and text of the questionnaire items. The final questionnaire version survey illustrated that, generally, children and their parents answered all questions without any difficulties, and additions and clarifications were not essential. CONCLUSIONS: This Russian version of the Oxford Ankle Foot Questionnaire is the only instrument used for the assessment of different foot complaints in children aged 516 years and parents opinion on how much the existing pathology affects the physical, social, and emotional components of childrens complaints.

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Victor, Abhulimen, and Gbobo Isesoma Francis. "Fournier’s Gangrene Post Circumcision in a Tertiary Hospital in Southern Nigeria." European Journal of Health Sciences 7, no. 5 (October 7, 2022): 28–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.47672/ejhs.1224.

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Purpose: Fournier’s gangrene is a rapidly progressing necrotizing fasciitis. It is a true urological emergency. It is a relatively rare condition. The aim was to highlight the presentation and management of Fournier’s gangrene following circumcision. Methodology: This was a retrospective study. Eight patients who presented with features of Fournier’s gangrene post circumcision between January 2012 and December 2021 to University of Port Harcourt Teaching Hospital UPTH were included in the study. A questionnaire was used to obtain data from all patients listed in the medical records department as having been treated for Fournier’s gangrene during the study period. Data collected include age at presentation, level of education of mother, duration of symptoms before presentation, who carried out the circumcision, where the circumcision was carried out, number of debridement carried out and complications. The data was entered using Microsoft Excel 2016 version and transferred into the statistical package for social sciences (SPSS) for windows (version 20) (IBM SPSS Inc. Chicago, IL) for analysis. Categorical data was presented in the form of frequencies and percentages using tables. Continuous variables were presented in means and standard deviation. Results were presented in tables and charts. Findings: A total of eight patients had FG following circumcision. The median age was 14days and range was from 10 days to 10years. The parents of most patients (87.5%) presented with no formal education or primary level of education. Most patients (62.5%) presented 4 to 6 days after onset of symptoms. Five out of 8 had their circumcision by a traditional attendant. Three patients had complications. One patient died. Circumcision can be a predisposing factor to FG especially if it is carried out at home, and by untrained personnel. Early presentation and management gives the best outcome. Recommendation: Only trained personnel should carry out circumcision. When parents or caregivers notice any unusual change post circumcision, they should present immediately to the hospital.

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Bizuneh, Gizachew Kassahun, Betelhem Anteneh Adamu, Getenet Tadege Bizuayehu, and Solomon Debebe Adane. "A Prospective Observational Study of Drug Therapy Problems in Pediatric Ward of a Referral Hospital, Northeastern Ethiopia." International Journal of Pediatrics 2020 (March 21, 2020): 1–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2020/4323189.

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Background. A drug therapy problem is any undesirable event experienced by a patient during drug therapy that interferes with achieving the desired goals of therapy. It has been pointed out that hospitalized pediatric patients are particularly prone to drug-related problems. Identifying drug therapy problems enables risk quantification and determination of the potential impact of prevention strategies. The purpose of this study was to assess the drug therapy problems in a pediatric ward of Dessie Referral Hospital, northeast of Ethiopia, and to identify associated factors for drug therapy problems. Methods. A prospective observational study design was carried out to assess drug therapy problems in a pediatric ward of Dessie Referral Hospital from February 1, 2018, to May 30, 2018. Ethical approval was obtained, and informed consent was signed by each study participant’s parent before the commencement of the study. All patients admitted to the ward during the study period were included in the study. Data was collected by trained pharmacy staffs through medical record reviews of patients using a prepared standard checklist and semistructured questionnaire. The collected data were cleared and checked every day for completeness and consistency before processing. Data were entered, and descriptive statistical analysis was done using SPSS Version 20 Software. A P value of less than 0.05 was considered significant. Results. The participants’ mean age was 2.32 years with the standard deviation (SD) of 0.76 years. Among 81 patients, 71 (87.7%) of them had at least one drug therapy problem per patient which indicates that the prevalence of the drug therapy problem was substantially high. Needs additional drug was the most predominantly encountered drug therapy problem accounted (30 (25.2%)). On the other hand, ineffective drug was the least (3 (2.5%)) drug therapy problem. Antibiotics (47 (39.5%)) followed by fluid and electrolyte (25 (21%)) were classes of drugs mostly involved in the drug therapy problem. The main risk factors reported to the occurrence of the drug therapy problems were prescribing and dose calculation errors. Conclusion. The present study revealed that majority of the patients had at least one DTP per patient; this indicates that prevalence of DTP was very high in the study area. Needs additional drug therapy followed by noncompliance was the major cause of the occurrence of DTP. Antibiotics were the main class of drugs involved in the drug therapy problem, and among the risk factors assessed, prescribing and dose calculation errors showed statistical significance.

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Berondo, Ronilo G., and Jayson A. Dela Fuente. "Technology Exposure: Its Relationship to the Study Habits and Academic Performance of Students." Utamax : Journal of Ultimate Research and Trends in Education 3, no. 3 (October 13, 2021): 125–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.31849/utamax.v3i3.7280.

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The 21st century emphasizes the role of technology in different facets of life, especially in the educational system, as it serves as a platform for teachers and students in the delivery of effective teaching and learning process. In this perspective, descriptive-correlational research determines the level of technology exposure and its relationship to the study and academic performance in Social Studies subject of the one hundred seventy-four (174) students who were randomly chosen from a total population of six hundred eighty-eight (688) during the School Year 2018-2019 in the three selected public secondary schools in the district of Tapaz West, Schools Division of Capiz, Philippines. The data were gathered using a standardized survey questionnaire and analyzed using descriptive statistics: mean, percentage, frequency count, and standard deviation. For the inferential statistics: t-test, analysis of variance, and Pearson r correlation at 0.05 level of significance through the aid of the SPSS software version 27. The study's significant findings revealed that exposure to technology significantly relates to students' study habits. At the same time, it does not significantly relate to their academic performance in Social Studies subjects. The findings suggest that school administrators, parents, teachers, and other stakeholders should ensure that students are properly guided to the right technology platforms to support learning and improve their study habits towards excellent academic achievement.

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Afzal, Saira, Mustehsan Bashir, Muhammad Arif Khan, Javaria Tehzeeb, Anum Manzoor, Aaila Sajid Dar, Muhammad Umair, et al. "RELATIONSHIP OF PARENTAL HEALTH AND SOCIAL SUPPORT DURING PREGNANCY WITH THE RISK OF NON-SYNDROMIC ORAL CLEFTS: A CASE � CONTROL STUDY." Annals of King Edward Medical University 21, no. 4 (January 8, 2016): 262. http://dx.doi.org/10.21649/akemu.v21i4.769.

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AbstractOral clefts are divided into cleft lip, cleft palate and cleft lip along with cleft palate. Cleft palate is defined as an inability of palatal shelves to approximate and close during the first months of embryogenic period thus leaving an opening in the roof of the mouth and forming communication between the nasal and oral cavities.Objective:To determine the relationship of risk of oral clefts with parental health and social support.Study Design: Case Control Study.Study Setting and Duration:Various hospitals in Lahore and 3 month duration.Materials and Methods:A Case Control Study was conducted. A total of 100 subjects (50 cases, 50 controls) were included. Sampling was done by purposive method. Data was collected with the help of Cornell Medical Index Health Questionnaire and Social Support Questionnaire after taking their informed consent. Data was analyzed by using SPSS version 20.0. Mean and standard deviation were used to describe quantitative variables like age. Test of significance were applied.Results:56% of cases were females and 44% were males. Mean age of mothers was 27 and fathers was 31. Most mothers were uneducated (36%) while most fathers were educated till matric (34%). Income of most parents was in the range of 10,000-20,000 PKR (44%). 24% of controls were females and 76% were males. The associations of oral cleft was found significant with parental respiratory, cardiovascular, gastro-intestinal, musculoskeletal, skin-related, genitourinary health, easy fatigability, health habits, anxiety, anger, paternal nervous system health, sensitivity, and mater-nal frequency of illness, depression and feeling of inadequacy (p < 0.05). Maternal social support catego-ries indicated that cases were less supported than con-trols: number of persons available and level of satisfaction (p < 0.05).Conclusion:Oral clefts have a multi-factorial etio-logy. Hence, an effective preventive program should take into account parental health and social support factors.Key Words:Non-syndromic Oral Clefts, Parental Health, Social Support.

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Li, Mingshu, Fang Li, Qian Lin, Jingzheng Shi, Jing Luo, Qing Long, Qiping Yang, et al. "Cultural Adaptation, Validation, and Primary Application of a Questionnaire to Assess Intentions to Eat Low-Glycemic Index Foods among Rural Chinese Women." International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 17, no. 20 (October 18, 2020): 7577. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph17207577.

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Different lines of evidence indicate that knowledge of low-glycemic index (GI) foods and the practice of eating them play important roles in blood glucose management and preventing T2DM in women with prior gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM). According to the theory of planned behavior (TPB), intention is a critical factor in complying with health-related behaviors. However, an instrument for assessing the intention to eat low-GI foods is lacking in China. We aimed to (1) adapt and validate a Chinese version of the intentions to eat low-GI foods questionnaire (CIELQ) and (2) apply the CIELQ among rural Chinese women to explore the associations between CIELQ scores and glycemic status. A cross-sectional study was conducted on 417 nondiabetic, nonpregnant participants with a history of GDM in Hunan, China. After cultural adaptation and validation, the CIELQ was applied in a target population. Glycemic status, anthropometric variables, dietary intake, and physical activity were measured; a self-developed, standard questionnaire was applied to collect relevant information. The CIELQ showed good internal consistency; model fitness was acceptable based on the confirmatory factor analysis results. Awareness of the glycemic index was low among the study population. TPB factors were found to be associated with each other; education level and parents’ diabetes history were associated with specific factors. The score for instrumental attitude showed a positive association with the risk for a high level of the 2-h 75-g oral glucose tolerance test (odds ratio, OR = 1.330), while the score for perceived behavior control (PBC) showed a negative association with the risk for a high level (OR = 0.793). The CIELQ was determined to be a valid instrument for assessing the intention to eat a low-GI diet among the study population. The awareness of the GI was poor among the study population. The score for instrumental attitude showed a positive association with the risk of a high level on the 2-h 75-g oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT), and the score for PBC showed a negative association with the risk for a high level on OGTT.

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Li, Siqi, Michaela Dellenmark-Blom, Yong Zhao, Yichao Gu, Shuangshuang Li, Shen Yang, Julia H. Quitmann, and Jinshi Huang. "The Chinese Mandarin Version of the Esophageal-Atresia-Quality-of-Life Questionnaires for Children and Adolescents: Evaluation of Linguistic and Content Validity." International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 19, no. 22 (November 13, 2022): 14923. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph192214923.

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Background: After repair of esophageal atresia (EA), children risk digestive and respiratory morbidity, but knowledge of their health-related quality of life (HRQOL) in China is lacking. The EA-QOL questionnaires were developed in Sweden and Germany to evaluate condition-specific HRQOL in children with EA aged 2–7 and 8–17. This study aimed to evaluate the linguistic and content validity of the Chinese Mandarin version of the EA-QOL questionnaires. Methods: The procedure was conducted in compliance with international standards, including a forward-backward translation procedure, expert reviews, and cognitive debriefing interviews with 14 Chinese families of children with EA (parents of 8 children aged 2–7/6 children aged 8–17 and their parents). Results: Following forward-backward translation, minor issues were identified and solved. In interviews, all participants rated all EA-QOL items easy to understand, none expressed negative emotions about them and most described them comprehensive and relevant for EA. Leading from cognitive debriefing, three EA-QOL items in the questionnaire version for children aged 2–7 and three EA-QOL items in the questionnaire version for children aged 8–17 were modified in the Chinese language to improve cultural appropriateness and/or clarity. Conclusion: The Chinese Mandarin version of the EA-QOL questionnaires achieved satisfactory linguistic and content validity. This can help increase focus of HRQOL in research and clinical practice of children with EA in China.

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Amiri Ebrahim Mohammadi, Farzaneh, Nazila Akbarfahimi, Mehdi Rassafiani, and Samaneh Hosseinzadeh. "Content Validity and Reliability of the Persian Version of School Function Assessment in Children With Cerebral Palsy Aged 7-12 Years." Journal of Rehabilitation 21, no. 2 (July 1, 2020): 138–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.32598/rj.21.2.543.4.

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Objective: Cerebral Palsy is one of the most common neurodevelopmental disorders in children. Due to the increase in the number of students with Cerebral Palsy (CP) entering ordinary schools and facing problems with independent functioning, there is a need for a valid and comprehensive assessment tool for their successful entry as well as providing a proper treatment plan. The School Function Assessment (SFA), by measuring many school-related functional skills, can identify the strengths and weaknesses affecting the students’ independence and participation in school assignments. It has 320 items and three main parts of participation, task support, and activity performance. The test score can be reported in general or based on each part, separately. The purpose of this study is to examine the validity and reliability of the Persian version of the SFA in children with CP. Materials & Methods: This is a cross-sectional study with methodological design. The study population consists of all children with CP aged 7-12 years in Tehran. Of these, 120 were selected from exceptional public school using a convenience sampling method. The inclusion criteria were: CP diagnosed by a neurologist, age between 7 and 12 years, no other disabilities (e.g. deafness or blindness), and the willingness of children’s parents to participate in the study. A demographic form and the Persian SFA were used for data collection through interview. In order to measure the content validity, Content Validity Index (CVI) and Content Validity Ratio (CVR) were calculated according to the standard protocol of International Quality of Life Assessment. In this regard, 8 experts in the field of pediatrics completed the Persian SFA. To determine the test-retest reliability, the questionnaire was completed by the parents of children with a 4-week interval. The internal consistency and test-retest reliability were examined by using Cronbach’s alpha coefficient and Intra-class Correlation Coefficient (ICC), respectively. Data was analyzed in SPSS V. 22 software. Results: Participants were 64 boys and 56 girls with CP (mean age= 9.4 years). The distribution of CP was as follows: 10% hemiplegic CP, 27.5% diplegic CP, 5.8% monoplegic CP, and 56.7% quadriplegic CP. Eighty hundred-eight percent of respondents were the mothers of students. The CVR and CVI values were in a range of 0.7-1 and 0.87-1, respectively indicating an acceptable validity. All the items had acceptable content validity. The Cronbach’s alpha coefficient was obtained 0.95 for participation, 0.95-0.99 for task support, 0.83-0.99 for activity performance, and 0.92 in total. Moreover, the ICC value was reported 0.90 for participation; 0.84-0.91 for task support; 0.84-0.97 for activity performance; and 0.89 for the overall test. Conclusion: The Persian version of SFA has acceptable content validity and reliability (internal consistency and test-retest) for children with CP. Therefore, it can be applied as a research and clinical tool to assess the school-related performance of these children.

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Haddad, M. M., A. I. Ojukwu, B. Y. Mansur, U. Yunusa, B. L. Umar, U. B. Bilkisu, H. H. Murtala, and U. I. Muhammad. "FACTORS ASSOCIATED WITH COMMON MENTAL DISORDERS AMONG WOMEN OF REPRODUCTIVE AGE IN SUMAILA LOCAL GOVERNMENT AREA, KANO STATE." FUDMA JOURNAL OF SCIENCES 4, no. 2 (July 1, 2020): 22–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.33003/fjs-2020-0402-204.

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The study was conducted to evaluate the factors associated with common mental disorders among women of reproductive age in Sumaila Local Government Area of Kano state. Cross-sectional descriptive design was used. A total of 163 women were recruited for the study using multi-stage sampling technique. A close-ended structured questionnaire was used for data collection. Data collected were organized and analyzed with Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS) version 20.0 and results were presented using frequency distribution and percentages, and mean±standard deviation. Chi-square analysis was used to test for association between factors associated with and development of common mental disorders at 5% level of significant within 95% confidence interval. Findings from the study revealed that 28.4% of the respondents had Common Mental Disorders, awareness of the respondents were low as most of them believed that demonic possession (73.5%) and witchcraft (58.6%) were the causes of mental illness. Significant association was found between factors associated with common mental disorders and age at first marriage (χ2=3.395, p=0.048) and low social integration (χ2=5.414, p=0.020), of the women. The study concluded that common mental disorders in rural communities are mostly related to age at first marriage It is recommended that mental health personnel should conduct advocacy to traditional and religious leaders, also the male parents in rural areas on the influence of early marriage on mental disorders and clear their misconceptions on its causes, for early prevention and improved mental health seeking behaviour.

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Stone, Lisanne L., Roy Otten, Linda Ringlever, Marieke Hiemstra, Rutger C. M. E. Engels, Ad A. Vermulst, and Jan M. A. M. Janssens. "The Parent Version of the Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire." European Journal of Psychological Assessment 29, no. 1 (March 1, 2013): 44–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.1027/1015-5759/a000119.

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The Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire (SDQ) is a widely used screening instrument for child psychopathology. Many studies have consistently reported rather low α values for certain subscales for the SDQ parent version. Further, the factor structure has not been tested frequently by using confirmatory factor analysis (CFA); research into measurement invariance is even scarcer. Therefore, this study evaluates the internal reliability and tests for measurement invariance for the SDQ parent version. In a Dutch sample of 1,484 children we examined reliability by using coefficient ω and tested for invariance across several subgroups. Also, we conducted CFA to examine the five-factor structure of the SDQ. ω yielded higher values than α did, which supports the use of ω in a SEM-based framework. Support for measurement invariance was found on the configural, metric, and scalar level, and as expected, the five-factor structure was confirmed. Scholars are advised to consider ω as an alternative to α, seeing that various problems with α have been discussed. Support for measurement invariance was found for several demographic variables, so that meaningful group comparisons can now be made for the SDQ parent version.

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Tadesse, Tesfaye, Ebisa Turi, Desalegn Wirtu, Haile Bikila, and Lemessa Assefa. "Determinants of wasting among South Sudanese 6- to 59-month-old children in Okugo refugee camp, Gambella Region, South-Western Ethiopia: Unmatched case–control study." SAGE Open Medicine 10 (January 2022): 205031212110707. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/20503121211070727.

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Introduction: Wasting among refugee children continues to be a serious public health problem particularly in conflict and in situations when people are displaced. Evidence of risk factors in the refugee context is crucial to successfully prevent malnutrition and its consequences. However, little information is known about the determinants of wasting in a refugee setting. Hence, this study was aimed to identify determinants of wasting among South Sudanese 6- to 59-month-old children in Okugo refugee camp, South-Western Ethiopia. Methods: Institutional-based unmatched case–control study was conducted on 99 acute malnutrition children (cases) and 297 children who are not malnourished (control) from 6 April to 2 May 2019. The study participant was selected by systematic random sampling and data on exposure variables were collected by face-to-face interview using a structured questionnaire. Data were entered into Epi data version 3.1 and was exported to SPSS version 25 for further analysis. Descriptive, bivariable, and multivariable analyses were done to compute summary statistics and to identify determinants of wasting. Result: The mean age of the cases and controls with standard deviation (SD) was 13.8 (±6.9) and 19.2 (±8.7) months, respectively. Multi-variable analysis revealed that mothers who were unable to read and write (adjusted odds ratio = 3.26, 95% confidence interval (1.07–7.93)), fathers only decision-maker to use donations items in the household (adjusted odds ratio = 3.75, 95% confidence interval (1.28–10.85)), not used all donated refugee food and non-food items (adjusted odds ratio = 2.57; 95% confidence interval (1.17–5.66)), the incidence of diarrhea 2 weeks preceding the survey (adjusted odds ratio = 5.28, 95% confidence interval (2.31–12.04)), and mother’s smoking habit (adjusted odds ratio = 2.98, 95% confidence interval (1.19–7.44)) were significant determinants of wasting. Conclusion: The finding shows that mothers who are unable to read and write, father only decision-maker, parents’ smoking habit, not using all donated refugee food items, and diarrheal disease were found to be independent determinants of wasting. Hence, interventions on acute malnutrition which are focused on empowering women through training and strengthening their control over the household assets, proper utilization of donated food, and non-food items will play a paramount role.

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Kim, Suk Hwan, Jiho Lee, Inbo Oh, Yeonsuh Oh, Chang Sun Sim, Jin-Hee Bang, Jungsun Park, and Yangho Kim. "Allergic rhinitis is associated with atmospheric SO2: Follow-up study of children from elementary schools in Ulsan, Korea." PLOS ONE 16, no. 3 (March 18, 2021): e0248624. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0248624.

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Objectives The purpose of this study was to examine the association of allergic rhinitis with air pollutant concentrations using the follow-up data of elementary school children in Ulsan, Korea. Methods All students of four elementary schools in Ulsan, South Korea were surveyed at two-year intervals. The survey used data collected five times, over a nine-year period from June 2009 to April 2018. The questionnaire used in the survey was a modified version of the ISAAC (International society of asthma and allergy of children) questionnaire. A skin prick test (SPT) was performed with 24 standard antigens. To estimate the levels of exposure to outdoor air pollution, the concentrations of sulfur dioxide (SO2), nitrogen dioxide (NO2), ozone (O3), carbon monoxide (CO), and particulate matter 10 μm or less in diameter (PM10) were used. As a dependent variable, a history of allergic rhinitis diagnosed by a doctor during the last 1-year was considered. Logistic regression analysis was used to select variables suitable for the statistical model. The selected variables were then used to assess their association with the dependent variable using the generalized estimation equation. Results Among environmental factors, SO2 was associated with a high risk and PM10 was associated with a low risk of allergic rhinitis. The risk of allergic rhinitis from living in a house built within the last year was high, and the risk from living in a multi-family house or apartment was higher than that from living in a segregated house. History of allergic diseases in the family was a high-risk factor for allergic rhinitis. There was a relationship between a history of bronchiolitis at less than 2 years of age and a high risk of allergic rhinitis. Boys were at a higher risk than girls. Conclusion From the follow-up data of elementary school students in Ulsan, Korea, the concentration of SO2, which is an indicator of the degree of industrialization, was related to the prevalence of allergic rhinitis. Among all the risk factors, history of allergic disease in the parents was the most important factor, and the study reconfirmed the results of the previous studies.

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Jiwani, Rozmin, Jing Wang, Andrea Berndt, Padmavathy Ramaswamy, Nitha Mathew Joseph, Yan Du, Jisook Ko, and Sara Espinoza. "Changes in Patient-Reported Outcome Measures With a Technology-Supported Behavioral Lifestyle Intervention Among Patients With Type 2 Diabetes: Pilot Randomized Controlled Clinical Trial." JMIR Diabetes 5, no. 3 (July 24, 2020): e19268. http://dx.doi.org/10.2196/19268.

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Background In the United States, more than one-third of the adult population is obese, and approximately 25.2% of those aged ≥65 years have type 2 diabetes (T2D), which is the seventh leading cause of death. It is important to measure patient-reported outcomes and monitor progress or challenges over time when managing T2D to understand patients’ perception of health and quantify the impact of disease processes or intervention effects. The evaluation of patient-reported outcome measures (PROMs) is especially important among patients with multiple chronic conditions in which clinical measures do not provide a complete picture of health. Objective This study examined the feasibility of collecting Patient-Reported Outcome Measurement Information System (PROMIS) measures, and preliminarily evaluated changes in PROMIS scores and compared the scores with standard scores of the general US population. The parent study is a pilot randomized controlled clinical trial testing three different modes (mobile health [mHealth], paper diary, and control) of self-monitoring in a behavioral lifestyle intervention among overweight or obese patients with T2D. Methods Patients with comorbid overweight or obesity and a diagnosis of T2D for at least 6 months were recruited from a diabetes education program. Participants were randomized to the following three groups: mHealth, paper diary, and control (standard of care) groups. Paper diary and mHealth experimental groups received additional behavioral lifestyle intervention education sessions, as well as tools to self-monitor weight, physical activity, diet, and blood glucose. All participants completed PROMIS-57 and PROMIS-Global Health (GH) version 1.0 questionnaires during visits at baseline, 3 months, and 6 months. The PROMIS-57 includes the following seven domains: anxiety, depression, fatigue, pain interference, physical function, satisfaction with participation in social roles, and sleep disturbance. The PROMIS-GH is composed of the following two domains: global mental health and global physical health. Results A total of 26 patients (mHealth, 11; paper diary, 9; control, 6) were included in our analysis. The study sample was predominantly African American (68%) and female (57%), with a mean age of 54.7 years and a mean BMI of 37.5 kg/m2. All patients completed the PROMIS-57 and PROMIS-GH questionnaires, and we compared the mean scores of the three groups to investigate potential differences. No relevant differences were noted across the groups. However, positive trends were noted in both intervention (mHealth and paper diary) groups in the middle (month 3) and end (month 6) of the study. Conclusions Our pilot study provides evidence for the feasibility of using PROMIS questionnaires to record important components of T2D-related symptoms among overweight or obese individuals. The results from our study support the use of PROMIS questionnaires to provide clinicians and researchers with a benchmark for assessing the overall need for symptom management and determining the success or challenges of an intervention. Trial Registration ClinicalTrials.gov NCT02858648; https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT02858648

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Journal articles on the topic 'Standard Questionnaire parent Version'

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