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Bara, Salvador. "Black-body luminance and magnitudes per square arcsecond in the Johnson-Cousins BVR photometric bands." Photonics Letters of Poland 11, no. 3 (September 30, 2019): 63. http://dx.doi.org/10.4302/plp.v11i3.926.
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A relevant amount of light pollution studies deal with the unwanted visual effects of artificial light at night, including the anthropogenic luminance of the sky that hinders the observation of the celestial bodies which are a main target of ground-based astrophysical research, and a key asset of the intangible heritage of humankind. Most quantitative measurements and numerical models, however, evaluate the anthropogenic sky radiance in any of the standard Johnson-Cousins UBVRI photometric bands, generally in the V one. Since the Johnson-Cousins V band is not identical with the visual CIE V() used to assess luminance, the conversion between these two photometric systems turns out to be spectrum-dependent. Given its interest for practical applications, in this Letter we provide the framework to perform this conversion and the transformation constants for black-body spectra of different absolute temperatures. Full Text: PDF ReferencesF. Falchi et al. "The new world atlas of artificial night sky brightness", Sci. Adv. 2, e1600377 (2016). CrossRef M. Kocifaj, "A review of the theoretical and numerical approaches to modeling skyglow: Iterative approach to RTE, MSOS, and two-stream approximation", Journal of Quantitative Spectroscopy & Radiative Transfer 181, 2 (2016). CrossRef M.S. Bessel, "UBVRI PASSBANDS", Publications of the Astronomical Society of the Pacific, 102, 1181 (1990).. CrossRef CIE, Commision Internationale de l'Éclairage. CIE 1988 2° SpectralLuminous Efficiency Function for Photopic Vision. (Vienna, Bureau Central de la CIE, 1990) DirectLink S. Bará, "Variations on a classical theme: On the formal relationship between magnitudes per square arcsecond and luminance", International Journal of Sustainable Lighting IJSL 19(2), 104 (2017). CrossRef A. Sánchez de Miguel, M. Aubé, J. Zamorano, M. Kocifaj, J. Roby, C. Tapia. "Sky Quality Meter measurements in a colour-changing world", Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society 467(3), 2966 (2017). CrossRef M.S. Bessell, "Standard Photometric Systems", Annual Reviews of Astronomy and Astrophysics, 43, 293 (2005). CrossRef J.B. Oke, "Absolute Spectral Energy Distributions for White Dwarfs", The Astrophysical Journal Suppl. Series 236(27), 21 (1974). CrossRef J.B. Oke, J.E. Gunn, "Secondary standard stars for absolute spectrophotometry", The Astrophysical Journal 266, 713 (1983). CrossRef M.R. Blanton, S. Roweis S., "K-Corrections and Filter Transformations in the Ultraviolet, Optical, and Near-Infrared", The Astronomical Journal, 133(2), 734(2007). Table 1. CrossRef
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Hutchins, Carol. "Session 3 Overview: Management of Astronomical Pecularities." International Astronomical Union Colloquium 110 (1989): 136. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0252921100003201.
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Session 3 on “Handling and Use of Special Format Materials” dealt with diverse items which are of unique importance in astronomical libraries.Preprints and reprints are important in several ways. Libraries’ collection and dissemination of information about pre-publication journal and conference papers boosts the astronomer’s awareness of current research in a timely fashion. Individual libraries’ practices range from very basic—the receipt and physical display of preprints—to the more elaborate activities including production of lists, gathering of subsequent publication information about the papers themselves, construction of local databases listing preprints, and electronic network exchange of listings.There was a consensus that the sending of reprint series is far less important than it was in years past.We heard a call for formal recognition or designation of a central clearinghouse for information about astronomy preprints.
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Delacour, Thomas, Soizick Lesteven, Gilles Landais, Aline Eisele, Magali Neuville, Evelyne Son, and Philippe Vonflie. "Bibliographical references: From publishers to SIMBAD." EPJ Web of Conferences 186 (2018): 12004. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/epjconf/201818612004.
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The SIMBAD astronomical database hosted by the CDS provides basic data, cross-identifications, bibliography and measurements for astronomical objects outside the solar system. The CDS receives the bibliographic meta-data of the articles published in the main astronomical journals directly from the publishers. How we receive the data and their format vary from one publisher to the next. These data are first extracted and stored in files with a standardised format. Then, to avoid errors or misprints, we perform different tests on these data: - Author names are compared to a reference list maintained at CDS, and the keywords are compared with the AAS list - Astronomical objects are verified by checking their name in the SIMBAD database - A completion test checks that all of articles of a journal volume are present The next step identifies whether an astronomical object appears inside a title, a keyword or an abstract, and if so, we add a link to the object in SIMBAD. Once all of the verifications and corrections have been made we add the meta-data into SIMBAD. We also add other information such as the number of different astronomical objects studied in the paper, the presence tables and their links to VizieR, any new acronyms, as well as some comments. New developments are in progress to automatically extract the data from the tables in the articles (that have not been processed by, or provided to VizieR) . In addition, each night automatic checks are executed to list the new data and to test the coherence of these data in SIMBAD.
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ANISYA, ANISYA, INDRA WARMAN, and DEDE WIRA TRISE PUTRA. "SUNTINGAN DOKUMEN BERBASIS WEB." Edik Informatika 7, no. 2 (June 11, 2021): 21–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.22202/ei.2021.v7i2.4818.
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Web-based document editing is a system for making scientific papers without having to adjust the format of writing scientific papers. Where in this system has provided a framework for entering journal contents. Journal article creation must follow the format already in place in the organization, such as font size, edge size, and so on. Often in writing journals, writers experience difficulties or constraints in the format of writing, so they often experience errors in writing journal articles. For this reason, it is necessary to have a standard web journal writing program, which provides a framework for the format of journal writing. The process carried out in designing this application is by looking at the guidelines for journal manuscript writing, with these guidelines the writer can know how the journal format will be translated into a program script. The purpose of this research is to design a standard web program for editing documents in journals and to assist journal authors / journal authors in making scientific papers online. In this research, the writer made a document editing system for scientific journal writing format using PHP and MySQL in the application system. Where in the system designed the author only includes the entries of each input in the journal framework. In this system all the input that is filled in is stored in a database with different tables. And when the author sees the contents of the journal, the display on the journal contents automatically matches the journal template.
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W, Diaz-Merced, Oppelt T, Mockiewicz J, and Agata H. "Accessibility of astronomy journal papers." Caribbean Journal of Science and Technology 10, no. 02 (2022): 31–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.55434/cbi.2022.20105.
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The Working Group on Accessibility and Disability (WGAD) of the American Astronomical Society published a comprehensive list of accessibility recommendations for professional astronomy journals, based on the first-hand experience of both higher education students and professional astronomers. The recommendations include accessibility strategies intended to improve access for a wide range of disabled and neurodiverse readers, with particular attention to the way readers with visual, motor, and cognitive disabilities cope with information in a digital interface. In this paper we use the tools of critical discourse analysis (CDA) to compare the recommended strategies to the digital discursive modes currently employed by leading astronomy journals. Raters analyzed discourse modes for a sample of 256 astronomy journal articles, including the usage of linguistic indicators, digital architecture, and information display. We identify emergent categories of access barriers faced by disabled astronomers, and identify strategies in the journal papers addressing those emergent categories. We compare the discourse modes currently used in astronomy publications with the access barriers and recommended strategies described by the WGAD document. Our analysis found that discourses in astronomical publications were typically constituted with the expectation of various shared commonalities between the author and the reader, including: 1. Same sensorial modality of interaction; 2. Same experiential knowledge as authors; 3. Same access to information as authors; 4. Same linguistic knowledge as authors; 5. Same cognitive strategies as authors; 6. Same socioeconomic status and background. This case study may serve as a baseline for future studies on how inaccessible textual discourse, digital architecture, and digital display in STEM journals enhance professional inequalities. Examining how current standard journal standards impact the transition to different professional career stages would help to identify alternate discursive strategies which would improve accessibility.
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Puschmann, Paul, and Luciana Quaranta. "Editorial." Historical Life Course Studies 5 (January 11, 2018): 1–2. http://dx.doi.org/10.51964/hlcs9333.
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Historical Life Course Studies, a journal in population studies, aims to stimulate and facilitate the implementation of IDS (Intermediate Data Structure, a standard data format for large historical databases), and to publish the results from (comparative) research with the help of large historical databases. The journal publishes not only empirical articles, but also descriptions (of the construction) of new and existing large historical databases, as well as articles dealing with database documentation, the transformation of existing databases into the IDS format, the development of algorithms and extraction software and all other issues related to the methodology of large historical databases.
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Matthijs, Koen, and Paul Puschmann. "Editorial." Historical Life Course Studies 2 (May 11, 2015): 37. http://dx.doi.org/10.51964/hlcs9357.
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Historical Life Course Studies, a journal in population studies, aims to stimulate and facilitate the implementation of IDS (Intermediate Data Structure, a standard data format for large historical databases), and to publish the results from (comparative) research with the help of large historical databases. The journal publishes not only empirical articles, but also descriptions (of the construction) of new and existing large historical databases, as well as articles dealing with database documentation, the transformation of existing databases into the IDS format, the development of algorithms and extraction software and all other issues related to the methodology of large historical databases.
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Coelho, Richard J., and Jan La Forge. "Preparing a Journal Manuscript: A Guide for Rehabilitation Counselor Practitioners." Journal of Applied Rehabilitation Counseling 27, no. 3 (September 1, 1996): 37–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.1891/0047-2220.27.3.37.
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Encouraging rehabilitation counseling practitioners to enter the arena of journal-writing is an ongoing concern of the profession. This article intends to help authors, especially practitioners who have not submitted previously, organize research materials for writing articles. A model of organizing standard components of a professional journal article is presented and discussed. The guidelines presented also provide a summary of the manuscript format and editorial review process. Suggestions presented provide a basis for assisting the rehabilitation counselor practitioner who is considering writing a journal article.
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Coelho, Richard J., and Jan La Forge. "Preparing a Journal Manuscript: A Guide for Rehabilitation Counsellor Practitioners." Australian Journal of Rehabilitation Counselling 3, no. 1 (1997): 1–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1323892200001563.
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Encouraging rehabilitation counselling practitioners to enter the arena of journal-writing is an ongoing concern of the profession. This article intends to help authors, especially practitioners who have not submitted previously, organise research materials for writing articles. A model of organising standard components of a professional journal article is presented and discussed. The guidelines presented also provide a summary of the manuscript format and editorial review process. Suggestions presented provide a basis for assisting the rehabilitation counsellor practitioner who is considering writing a journal article.
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Hotan, A. W., W. van Straten, and R. N. Manchester. "psrchive and psrfits: An Open Approach to Radio Pulsar Data Storage and Analysis." Publications of the Astronomical Society of Australia 21, no. 3 (2004): 302–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/as04022.
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AbstractA new set of software applications and libraries for use in the archival and analysis of pulsar astronomical data is introduced. Known collectively as the psrchive scheme, the code was developed in parallel with a new data storage format called psrfits, which is based on the Flexible Image Transport System (FITS). Both of these projects utilise a modular, object-oriented design philosophy. psrchive is an open source development environment that incorporates an extensive range of c++ object classes and pre-built command line and graphical utilities. These deal transparently and simultaneously with multiple data storage formats, thereby enhancing data portability and facilitating the adoption of the psrfits file format. Here, data are stored in a series of modular header–data units that provide flexibility and scope for future expansion. As it is based on FITS, various standard libraries and applications may be used for data input, output, and visualisation. Both psrchive and psrfits are made publicly available to the academic community in the hope that this will promote their widespread use and acceptance.
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Joshi, Bal Krishna, Tek Bahadur Gurung, Jiban Shrestha, and Hari Krishna Upreti. "Writing a Research Paper for Journal of Nepal Agricultural Research Council." Journal of Nepal Agricultural Research Council 4 (May 6, 2018): 90–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/jnarc.v4i1.19695.
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Agricultural research findings are required to reach soon to the farmers, extensionists, media, researchers, policy makers, businessperson, students, teachers and so many other stakeholders. Among different types of publications, research paper is generally published in journal considered as standard type of publication in term of quality and recognition. Most of the journals follow similar pattern and framework; however, the style, format and process may be different with each other. A research (scientific) paper is a written describing original research result using standard methods and materials. The major sections in a journal paper are abstract, introduction, materials and methods, results, discussion, conclusion, and references. Accordingly Journal of Nepal Agricultural Research Council has its own style and format. Author needs to follow guidelines strictly on the use of punctuation marks such as comma (,), period (.), space, justification etc; otherwise submitted manuscripts could be immediately return to author without considering in review process. In general, we received manuscripts with many errors on citation and references, poor elaboration of results of experiments, weak discussion, missing to acknowledge funding agencies, submitting non-editable figures, very few numbers of citations of Nepalese researchers, statements not in logical order, etc. In general, the scientific papers should be written in simple way with new but sufficient justification backed up by data in the form of tables, graphs, flow diagrams etc so that readers can understand easily with high readability. The submitted manuscript in the journal office are sent to two to three reviewers for specific recommendation on the originality of the work, appropriateness of the approach and experimental design, adequacy of experimental techniques, soundness of conclusions and interpretations, relevance of discussion and importance of the research. The language clarity and organization of the article are also asked with the reviewers. In response to reviewer's comments all authors are expected to reply each and every comments and suggestions of reviewers, if such comments and suggestion are not acceptable, the author/s can argue for their points, if genuine. Here in this paper we described detail contents of each section along with style and format for a research paper writing targeted to Journal of Nepal Agricultural Research Council.
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Briggs, F. H., E. Sorar, R. C. Kraan-Korteweg, and W. van Driel. "Driftscan Surveys in the 21 cm Line with the Arecibo and Nançay Telescopes." Publications of the Astronomical Society of Australia 14, no. 1 (1997): 37–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/as97037.
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AbstractDriftscan methods are highly efficient, stable techniques for conducting extragalactic surveys in the 21 cm line of neutral hydrogen. Holding the telescope still while the beam scans the sky at the sidereal rate produces exceptionally stable spectral baselines, increased stability for RFI signals, and excellent diagnostic information about system performance. Data can be processed naturally and efficiently by grouping long sequences of spectra into an image format, thereby allowing thousands of individual spectra to be calibrated, inspected and manipulated as a single data structure with standard tools that already exist in astronomical software. The behaviour of spectral standing waves (multi-path effects) can be appraised and excised in this environment, making observations possible while the Sun is up. The method is illustrated with survey data from Arecibo and Nançay.
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Zotti, Georg, and Wolfgang Neubauer. "Beyond the landscape: analysis of Neolithic circular ditch systems of Lower Austria with advanced virtual archaeoastronomy." Virtual Archaeology Review 10, no. 21 (July 25, 2019): 90. http://dx.doi.org/10.4995/var.2019.10772.
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<p>This paper describes developments in virtual archaeology that started in a research project about the possible astronomical entrance orientation of Neolithic circular ditch systems (German Kreisgrabenanlagen, KGA) of Lower Austria. Starting from data analysis in a Geographical Information System (GIS), we will cover a simple way of modelling, and discuss three ways of visualisation for the combination of landscape and human-made buildings together with celestial objects. The first way involves extensions to the modelling program SketchUp to bring in just enough astronomical data for scientific evaluation. The second introduces a set of extensions to the open-source desktop planetarium program Stellarium, which can meanwhile be used to load a standard 3D model format to allow detailed research in astronomical orientation patterns, and light-and-shadow interaction over many millennia, even for researchers less familiar with astronomical programming. The third presents a “serious gaming” approach, which can provide the most natural view of the landscape, but requires at least some, if not deep, familiarity with astronomical and 3D computer graphics programming and, therefore, due to this considerably larger effort, appears to be mostly useful for outreach of high-profile results to the public. The entrances to the KGA of Lower Austria turned out to be mostly oriented following a purely terrestrial pattern of up- and downward sloping terrain, but with one noteworthy exception.</p><p><strong>Highlights:</strong></p><ul><li><p>Virtual archaeology can help to better understand archaeological remains embedded in the landscape. Occasionally, the “landscape” concept must be extended to include the celestial landscape.</p></li><li><p>Open-source development allowed the combination of a desktop planetarium with 3D landscape and architecture visualisation. Also, datable changes in the landscape can meanwhile be simulated.</p></li><li><p>Astronomical elements added to a game engine can also be used to faithfully provide important insights while providing the most appealing visualisation environments so far, but with considerably more effort.</p></li></ul>
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Bragina, Natalia, and Jelena Jermolajeva. "“I HAVE A THOUGHT AND I AM THINKING IT” (CRITICISM OF THE AUDIT APPROACH IN HUMANITIES RESEARCH AND EDUCATION)." SOCIETY. INTEGRATION. EDUCATION. Proceedings of the International Scientific Conference 1 (May 21, 2019): 78. http://dx.doi.org/10.17770/sie2019vol1.3879.
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This article points out the problem of incompatibility of certain types of humanities research with the standard requirements to scientific paper, which have been developed in recent decades. In humanities studies, the process of reflection and development of a thought is often the main content of scientific work; however in the current standard this aspect is almost ignored. The standard set of requirements imposed upon papers by most scientific journals makes it difficult to obtain the full scientific status for those humanities works that are based on innovative conceptual approach and introduce new perspectives. The aim of this paper is to show the failure of the audit approach to humanities research and substantiate the necessity of extending the current format of a journal article giving it greater freedom and flexibility. In the paper the following methods are used: analysis of relevant literature, method of rationale, historical method, and comparative analysis. The proposed relaxation of the standard requirements to scientific article may stimulate humanities studies that have ground-breaking innovation but do not fit into the standard format. Moreover, it will contribute to the development of conceptual thinking of students of higher school humanities programs, which will create opportunities for more intensive development of the humanities.
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KAPLAN, JENNIFER J., and JUAN DU. "QUESTION FORMAT AND REPRESENTATIONS: DO HEURISTICS AND BIASES APPLY TO STATISTICS STUDENTS?" STATISTICS EDUCATION RESEARCH JOURNAL 8, no. 2 (November 29, 2009): 56–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.52041/serj.v8i2.395.
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Researchers in the field of psychology studying subjects’ reasoning abilities and decision-making processes have identified certain common errors that are made, particularly on probability questions standard in introductory statistics courses. In addition, they have identified modifications to problems and training that promote normative reasoning in laboratory subjects. This study attempts to replicate, in the context of a statistics classroom, the results of one particular type of probability question, a two-stage conditional probability problem. The psychology literature suggests two possible implications for teaching probability. Although no effect for format modification was found, the representations training effects were replicated. The implications of these results for teaching and directions for future research are discussed. First published November 2009 at Statistics Education Research Journal: Archives
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Wakabayashi, Judy. "Teaching Medical Translation." Meta 41, no. 3 (September 30, 2002): 356–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.7202/004584ar.
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Abstract The main difficulties specific to medical translation are students' lack of medical knowledge and their unfamiliarity with medical terminology and phraseology. These difficulties can be partially overcome by a bilingual introduction to the key anatomical terms, diagnostic terms, symptomatic terms, operative terms, laboratory tests, and clinical procedures related to each of the body systems. Together with ample practice in actual translation, a medical translation course should also include information on useful resource materials; Latin and Greek roots, affixes and combining forms; common medical abbreviations; "lay" terms vs medical terms; medical English style; and the standard format of medical journal articles.
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Malapaka, Venkata R. R., Albert A. Barrese, Brian C. Tripp, and Brian C. Tripp. "High-Throughput Screening for Antimicrobial Compounds Using a 96-Well Format Bacterial Motility Absorbance Assay." Journal of Biomolecular Screening 12, no. 6 (May 21, 2007): 849–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1087057107304478.
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There is a pressing need to develop new antimicrobial drugs because of the increasing resistance of pathogenic bacteria to existing antibiotics. The preliminary development and validation of a novel methodology for the high-throughput screening of antimicrobial compounds and inhibitors of bacterial motility is described. This method uses a bacterial motility swarming agar assay, combined with the use of offset inoculation of the wells in a standard, clear, 96-well plate, to enable rapid screening of compounds for potential antibiotic and antimotility properties with a standard absorbance microplate reader. Thus, the methodology should be compatible with 96-well laboratory automation technology used in drug discovery and chemical biology studies. To validate the screening method, the Genesis Plus structurally diverse library of 960 biologically active compounds was screened against a motile strain of the gram-negative bacterial pathogen Salmonella typhimurium. The average Z′ value for the positive and negative motility controls on all 12 compound plates was 0.67 ± 0.14, and the signal-to-baseline ratio calculated from the positive and negative controls was 5.9 ± 1.1. A collection of 70 compounds with well-known antimicrobial properties was successfully identified using this assay. ( Journal of Biomolecular Screening 2007:849-854)
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Walline, Crystal C. "Teaching immunology laboratory techniques in a course without a lab component using Journal of Visualized Experiments Immunology and Infection, a peer-reviewed scientific journal published in video format." Journal of Immunology 204, no. 1_Supplement (May 1, 2020): 222.21. http://dx.doi.org/10.4049/jimmunol.204.supp.222.21.
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Abstract Teaching an undergraduate immunology course without a lab component has many challenges. Firstly, a complicated subject must be taught in about half the number of contact hours. Chiefly, the opportunity to reinforce concepts learned from the instructional setting (e.g. classroom, online module, or in situ teaching) by performing hands-on experimentation is absent. An assignment was devised which required students to read an article published in the Journal of Visualized Experiments (JoVE) Immunology and Infection and watch the companion video. JoVE publishes peer-reviewed detailed experimental techniques in a visual format. Guidelines for critically analyzing a scientific text were provided and students were asked to do a close reading and post questions to an LMS discussion board, which the instructor used to implement the Just-in-Time Teaching (JiTT) method. The assignment was discussed in class by beginning with a list of unfamiliar acronyms and jargon. This provided a starting point for an interactive discussion of the key immunology concepts (e.g. chemotaxis) which was an excellent alternative to a standard lecture. Next, the class watched the video which was paused periodically to address questions posted to the discussion board. An end of discussion assignment was given for students to compare/contrast protein analysis from traditional SDS-PAGE/western blotting to a single-cell, chip-based western blot. Students critically read the literature and learned standard and cutting-edge experimentation/instrumentation in a course without a separate laboratory component. Overall, the use of a visual journal article from JoVE and JiTT led to an interactive, engaging discussion that received positive feedback from students.
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Krittinatham, W., K. Kaewkhong, and N. Emarat. "Python programming code for stellar photometry in astrophysics teaching on a cloud computing service." Journal of Physics: Conference Series 2431, no. 1 (January 1, 2023): 012038. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/2431/1/012038.
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Abstract Nowadays, there is various software used for both education and astronomy research. For photometry, licensed software and high-performance computer operating systems are required, which is a fund limitation for some schools in Thailand. Thus, in this article, we develop and present the Demonstration Photometry Scripts for Astrophysics Teaching (DPSAT version 1.0). The program is designed to work on cloud computing services via internet browsers to avoid hardware and operation requirement pain points. The DPSAT is programming on flexible, low-cost, on-trend language, Python, and Jupyter Notebook online editor. In advance, our new code supports the home-use image or video file format, i.e., jpg, png, or mp4. Thus, it will be more accessible for teachers and students who do not have standard astronomical instruments. The DPSAT measures the stellar light intensity from the time-series still-images or video files from a smartphone or other digital devices. The code can extract video files into sequenced still images, then transform the RGB color space images into greyscale. The light intensity signal of selected pixels is counted with a simple aperture method in time series. It shows the results, for example, the mean signal, standard variation, measured signal as light intensity versus time, and image of light sources. This will be fruitful for low-cost and easily accessible teaching of astrophysics subjects.
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Greco, F., and I. V. Krasnyy. "The novel pushing gravity model and volcanic activity. Is alignment of planets with compact stars a possible cause of natural phenomena?" Journal of Physics: Conference Series 2081, no. 1 (November 1, 2021): 012019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/2081/1/012019.
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Abstract We developed the model, and carried out its discussion at the PIRT-2021 conference, within the framework of the research topic “External Forcing on Volcanoes and Volcanic Processes: Observations, Analysis and Implications” announced by the journal “Frontiers in Earth Science” in October 2020. Besides other, external processes considered in this Research Topic included astronomical. In this study, in the category “Hypothesis and Theory”, we investigate how changes in the position of large bodies of the Solar system can cause natural phenomena, associated with the movement of free masses, such as volcanism, earthquakes and landslides in the lithosphere, as well as various catastrophic events in the atmosphere and hydrosphere. The analysis has shown that the discovered phenomena of celestial bodies’ alignments accompanying manifestations of natural phenomena require going beyond the standard cosmological model and clarify the fundamental mechanism of gravity. We propose the novel Bidirectional Pushing Gravitation model (BPG), which, in addition to application in Earth Sciences, may occur useful in Astrophysics, Cosmology and Gravitation research.
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Pei, Xin, Jian Li, Na Wang, Toktonur Ergesh, Xue-Feng Duan, Jun Ma, and Mao-Zheng Chen. "Design of a multi-function high-speed digital baseband data acquisition system." Research in Astronomy and Astrophysics 21, no. 10 (November 1, 2021): 248. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1674-4527/21/10/248.
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Abstract A multi-function digital baseband data acquisition system is designed for the sampling, distribution and recording of wide-band multi-channel astronomical signals. The system hires a SNAP2 board as a digital baseband converter to digitize, channelize and packetize the received signal. It can be configured dynamically from a single channel to eight channels with a maximum bandwidth of 4096 MHz. Eight parallel HASHPIPE instances run on four servers, each carrying two NVMe SSD cards, achieving a total continuous write rate of 8 GB s−1. Data are recorded in the standard VDIF file format. The system is deployed on a 25-meter radio telescope to verify its functionality based on pulsar observations. Our results indicate that during the 30-minute observation period, the system achieved zero data loss at a data recording rate of 1 GB s−1 on a single server. The system will serve as a verification platform for testing the functions of the QTT (QiTai radio Telescope) digital backend system. In addition, it can be used as a baseband/VLBI (Very Long Baseline Interferometry) recorder or D-F-engine of correlator/beamformer as well.
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Rushby, Nick. "Editorial: The Shape of an Article." Education & Self Development 16, no. 2 (June 30, 2021): 6–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.26907/esd16.2.01.
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There has been some discussion and proposals, from members of the reviewer panel and within the editorial team, of the format of articles submitted to Education & Self Development. It is generally accepted that research articles have a standard structure with six key sections: an introduction, a literature search, the method; results, discussion and a conclusion. These are prefaced by the title, abstract and keywords, and concluded by a list of the references cited in the text. This structure helps the author ensure that all of the key components have been covered, and also helps the reader who knows what to expect as he or she reads through the article. It works well for a traditional research article - and after all, Education & Self Development is mainly a research journal.
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Santana-Aranda, Miguel Angel. "Closing Editorial Note." Superficies y Vacío 35 (December 31, 2022): 220001. http://dx.doi.org/10.47566/2022_syv35_0-220001.
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We are grateful to our contributor authors for choosing Superficies y Vacío to disseminate their research results, as well as the selfless contribution of the peers who accepted to review the received manuscripts, helping to keep a high-quality standard for the articles that we publish. We hope for both communities to grow further in the times to come. We are pleased to highlight the integration of some updates to our publishing process: registration of Digital Object Identifier (DOI), through CrossRef, along with automatic registration to the authors’ Open Researcher and Contributor ID (ORCID), within an Open Journal Systems (OJS) editorial platform; and to the print format of the published articles, keeping our usual author grouping by institution, and adding the standard ordered authorship list below the title. We also transitioned our review process from single- to double-blind. And have been fulfilling a self-imposed ‘1.5 weeks’ deadline for a first answer with recommendations from a member of the editorial board, which is successfully reducing the time span of our peer review process.
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Shafti, Saeed Shoja. "Tutoring Journal Club as an Imperative Scholastic Maneuver : A Local Probe." Journal of Clinical Research and Reports 2, no. 2 (January 24, 2020): 01–05. http://dx.doi.org/10.31579/2690-1919/017.
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Introduction: while journal clubs are a time-honored method of reviewing and discussing the scientific literature in medicine, hitherto there is no universally accepted definition of that. Purpose of the present study involved a comparison between instructive values of meetings that are directed by an authentic faculty member in comparison with conferences that are usually coached by chief residents. Methods: Forty-two psychiatric residents (from two psychiatric training centers) have been quizzed about the intentions, principles or importance of journal club. Both of said colleges had comparable settings, conferences and alike standard psychiatric journals. In one of them the papers were chosen usually by chief resident, who was as well coordinator of the conferences, while in the other one, articles were chosen habitually by a faculty member, as director and coordinator of sessions. After at least one year of attending in associated sessions, all the participants were asked to answer incognito to a Survey Questionnaire, including 23 questions, involved multiple answers, with different Coding Categories. Analysis of data was performed by way of ‘Comparison of Proportions’. Quantities in each group, as well, were analyzed in line with percentage of responds to different Coding Categories. Significance was defined as P≤0.05. Results: While all participants replied questionnaires, significant difference was evident between two groups regarding their response to at least twelve questions. Judgment of residents were generally and remarkably different with regard to : ‘goals’ , ‘format’ ,’necessity of attendance’ ,’quality of participation of faculty’ , ‘educational value of core curriculum of journal club’, ‘its critical role with regard to research and appraisal of topics ‘, and in conclusion ‘as a resource for continuous education’. Conclusion: While journal club formats are educationally diverse and appear to be more effective if they have a leader, disciplined organization of journal club by a skilled faculty member may enhance scientific insight and instructive gratifications of apprentices.
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Wigglesworth, M. J., K. J. Lawless, D. J. Standing, E. K. Mackenzie, V. R. Kitchen, F. Mckay, E. Ward, et al. "Use of Cryopreserved Cells for Enabling Greater Flexibility in Compound Profiling." Journal of Biomolecular Screening 13, no. 5 (June 2008): 354–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1087057108317768.
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Measurement of intracellular calcium release following agonist challenge within cells expressing the relevant membrane protein is a commonly used format to derive structure-activity relationship (SAR) data within a compound profiling assay. The Fluorometric Imaging Plate Reader (FLIPR) has become the gold standard for this purpose. FLIPR traditionally uses cells that are maintained in continuous culture for compound profiling of iterative chemistry campaigns. This supply dictates that assays can only be run on 4 of 5 weekdays, or alternative cell culture machinery is required such that plating can occur remotely at the weekend. The data reported here demonstrate that high-quality compound profiling data can be generated from the use of cryopreserved cells and that these cells can also be plated at various densities to generate equivalent data between 24 and 72 h post-plating. Hence, the authors report a method that allows data generation throughout the week and without the requirement of highly automated cell culture or continuous culture. ( Journal of Biomolecular Screening 2008:354-362)
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DeVorkin, David. "George Ellery Hale’s Internationalism." Proceedings of the International Astronomical Union 13, S349 (December 2018): 153–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1743921319000255.
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AbstractThroughout his career, George Ellery Hale thought globally. “Make no small plans” he was often heard to say (Seares 1939). His early sojourns to Europe, encountering the talent and resources in England and the Continent, contributed to his outlook. He knew that their patronage was critical to reach his personal goals. Here I outline the steps Hale took to establish the new “astrophysics” as a discipline, by creating the Astrophysical Journal, establishing a common language and then, through the first decades of the 20th Century, building an international collaboration to coordinate solar and later all astronomical research. The latter effort, which began in 1904, had expanded by 1910 to encompass stellar astronomy, when the Solar Union deliberated over spectroscopic classification systems, a standard wavelength system and stellar magnitude systems. This work continued through the fifth Union meeting in Bonn in 1913, which turned out to be the last because of the First World War. During the war, Hale became Chair of the National Research Council of the U.S. National Academy of Sciences, applying scientific talent to winning the war. He was also the Academy’s Foreign Secretary, so Hale became deeply involved in re-establishing international scientific relations after the war. In conjunction with Arthur Schuster and Emile Picard, he helped found the International Research Council in 1919, which formed the framework within which the worlds of science reorganized themselves. From this, the International Astronomical Union was born. It was not an easy birth in a world still filled with tension and anger over the war; formative conferences in London and Brussels reflected the extremes. Nevertheless, its first General Assembly was held in Rome in 1922. It would be years before it became truly international, “in the complete sense of the word” (Elis Strömgren), but many of the proposals made during the years of the Solar Union concerning disciplinary standardization were ratified. I will concentrate on this latter story, remembering Hale for his devotion to true internationalism.
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Duff, J. M., H. L. Leather, E. O. Walden, K. D. LaPlant, and T. J. George. "Adequacy of published oncology randomized controlled trials to provide details needed for clinical application." Journal of Clinical Oncology 27, no. 15_suppl (May 20, 2009): 6536. http://dx.doi.org/10.1200/jco.2009.27.15_suppl.6536.
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6536 Background: Randomized control trials (RCTs) provide evidence for life-saving and supportive therapies. Although manuscript submissions follow a standard scientific format, major oncology journals have minimal standards for reporting treatment administration. Published data investigating chemo and biologic therapy often lack details needed for effective and safe clinical application. Methods: All therapy-based phase III oncology RCTs published between 2005–2008 in the Journal of Clinical Oncology (JCO), The New England Journal of Medicine (NEJM), Journal of the National Cancer Institute (JNCI), Blood, and Cancer were eligible for inclusion. Physicians and oncology pharmacists were surveyed for details needed for clinical practice. Each article was evaluated for these mandatory elements ( Table ). Differences were calculated using the Chi-squared test. Results: Literature search identified 339 eligible articles, 77 were reviews or meta-analyses. 262 were included in the final analysis (165 JCO; 31 NEJM; 27 Cancer; 20 JNCI; 19 Blood). Only 31 (12%; median score 7.3) met the main objective of complete data reporting. The most consistently reported and missing elements are described in Table 1. Premedications, growth factor support, and dose adjustments for hematologic or organ toxicity were reported less than half the time (p<0.0001). The presence of an online appendix did not significantly improve the results (data not shown). Conclusions: RCTs published in top tier oncology journals fail to consistently report full details needed for clinical application. Manuscript submission guidelines should be modified to promote consistent reporting with potential use of online appendices. Standardized editorial policy may allow safe and effective translation of trial drug findings into clinical practice. [Table: see text] No significant financial relationships to disclose.
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Spek, A. L. "Single-crystal structure validation with the programPLATON." Journal of Applied Crystallography 36, no. 1 (January 21, 2003): 7–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.1107/s0021889802022112.
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The results of a single-crystal structure determination when in CIF format can now be validated routinely by automatic procedures. In this way, many errors in published papers can be avoided. The validation software generates a set of ALERTS detailing issues to be addressed by the experimenter, author, referee and publication journal. Validation was pioneered by the IUCr journalActa Crystallographica Section Cand is currently standard procedure for structures submitted for publication in all IUCr journals. The implementation of validation procedures by other journals is in progress. This paper describes the concepts of validation and the classes of checks that are carried out by the programPLATONas part of the IUCrcheckCIFfacility.PLATONvalidation can be run at any stage of the structure refinement, independent of the structure determination package used, and is recommended for use as a routine tool during or at least at the completion of every structure determination. Two examples are discussed where proper validation procedures could have avoided the publication of incorrect structures that had serious consequences for the chemistry involved.
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Kokowski, Michał. "Bibliography of the works by Piotr Flin (1945–2018), an astronomer and exact sciences historian." Studia Historiae Scientiarum 17 (December 12, 2018): 549–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.4467/2543702xshs.18.022.9342.
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The bibliography presents the list of publications by Piotr Flin (1945–2018), an astronomer and exact sciences historian. This study presents a list of two hundred and fifty (including two hundred and forty-three separate) publications of the late Piotr Flin and a list of three doctoral theses he supervised. It is likely that the list of publications presented is not a complete bibliography of the author’s works. Due to the specificity of the study, the co-authored publications are listed in a chronological order, not an alphabetical order of co-authors. In addition, compared to the standard bibliographical style adopted in the journal, the date of publication appears at the end of each bibliographic record in square brackets. Providing the date in this format follows the convention adopted on the SAO / NASA portal Astrophysics Data System and its enriched copy: “The Science Archive Facility” at the European Southern Observatory. In accordance with the conventions adopted in the aforementioned portals, the list of publications also includes two reviews of a co-authored monograph by P. Flin.
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Perry, Sara. "Deconstructing Archaeology’s Digital Media." Advances in Archaeological Practice 4, no. 2 (May 2016): 217. http://dx.doi.org/10.7183/2326-3768.4.2.217.
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Are you an avid fan of Instagramed excavation finds, or YouTube clips of archaeologists? Ever visited an archaeologically-themed virtual museum? Or have you taken a tour of a historic site with a mobile app as your guide? Have you searched for the best Minecraft games deployed in the name of heritage? Or are you regularly on the lookout for blogs to keep you up-to-date on new archaeological thinking?Beginning with our next issue, Advances in Archaeological Practice (AAP) will become the first major archaeological journal in the English-speaking world to to regularly review the highs and lows, the practicalities, personal experiences and audience impacts of the full range of digital media applied to our discipline. Moving beyond standard book or exhibition reviews, here we will explore any (and all) current digital initiatives produced to engage both general and specialist audiences. Our concern is to push on the boundaries of the review format, turning it into a space where the increasing array of digital outputs being developed and marketed in archaeology are compared and subjected to critical reflection.
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Ong, Keith. "Letter to our readers." Asian Journal of Ophthalmology 17, no. 2 (April 30, 2020): 136. http://dx.doi.org/10.35119/asjoo.v17i2.750.
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Dear Readers,
We would like to announce that Asian Journal of Ophthalmology (Asian JO) is now a fully online, open-access journal, without the registration requirements for readers. Although Asian JO is not listed on MEDLINE’S PubMed yet, it is indexed in Scopus and Google Scholar. Articles can be found either through those services or through our extensive archive.
Asian JO was the official journal of the Southeast Asian Glaucoma Interest Group (SEAGIG). It was initially published in 1998 and, at that time, was one of the few journals in Asia for authors to publish in. Asian JO is now an international journal serving authors and readers around the world with a publishing team in three continents.
The first publisher of Asian JO was Scientific Communications, based in Hong Kong, which later relocated to New Zealand. When the publisher retired, it became inactive. Fortunately, Professor Paul Chew along with his team at National University of Singapore managed to keep it afloat until Kugler Publications of the Netherlands became its official publisher. Paul asked me to join him in the role as Chief Editor as he needed to devote more time to develop his inventions, which include the micropulse transcleral laser therapy for glaucoma and the Paul Glaucoma Implant shunt. I was introduced to Asian JO when I asked Paul for advice on which journal to publish an article on the Ong Eye Speculum for glaucoma surgery.
Asian JO promotes the publication of novel ideas and surgical techniques. Brief reports and case reports can convey clinical gems that will improve the management of ophthalmology patients. Some journals reject papers describing innovative ideas because they may not conform to the standard research presentation format, but we believe this is a crucial part of the process of scientific discovery.
We have also re-established our role as the official journal of Asia-Pacific Glaucoma Society. For this reason, the next issue of Asian JO will be dedicated to abstracts for the Asia-Pacific Glaucoma Congress (APGC), to be held in Kuala Lumpur on August 14-16, 2020. Hence, Kugler Publications and Asian JO will be present at this conference, and we hope to meet readers and authors to discuss how we can improve the journal.
With kind regards,Dr. Keith OngChief Editor
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Kopec, Karla, Bruce Jones, Jeffrey C. Thomas, Chrysanthe Spais, Beth Ann McKenna, Lisa Saville, Jean Husten, Sheryl Meyer, Mark Ator, and Emir Duzic. "Successful Identification of Glycine Transporter Inhibitors Using an Adaptation of a Functional Cell-Based Assay." Journal of Biomolecular Screening 14, no. 10 (October 19, 2009): 1185–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1087057109347779.
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Glycine transporter (GlyT1) function is typically measured by radiolabeled glycine uptake using lysis methods or scintillation proximity assays (SPAs), which have limited throughput. This study shows the adaptation of the standard cell lysis method to a screening assay with improved throughput and assay characteristics. The assay takes advantage of the 384-well format, standard laboratory automation, and cryopreserved CHO-K1 cells stably overexpressing human GlyT1a transporter (CHO-K1/hGlyT1a) that were validated and banked in advance of screening. The assay was evaluated for the time course of glycine uptake, Km, Vmax, Z′ factor analysis, and IC50 value determination with reference GlyT1 inhibitors. Screening of 118,000 compounds at 10 μM identified 4556 compounds (3.9%) as inhibitors. Positive compounds (>" xbd="1937" xhg="1914" ybd="1135" yhg="1097"/>50% inhibition) were retested in the assay at 4 inhibitor concentrations. Compounds demonstrating greater than 40% inhibition at 10 μM were considered as confirmed positives, yielding a 68% confirmation rate from the original screen. To eliminate compounds that nonspecifically inhibited glycine uptake, IC50 values were determined in both GlyT1 and GlyT2 assays, and those compounds that inhibited GlyT2 were removed from consideration. The screening campaign identified 300 small molecules as selective GlyT1 inhibitors for lead optimization, demonstrating the utility of this cost-effective method. ( Journal of Biomolecular Screening 2009:1185-1194)
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Plaha, Puneet, Sophie Camp, Jonathan Cook, Peter McCulloch, Natalie Voets, Ruichong Ma, Martin J. B. Taphoorn, et al. "FUTURE-GB: functional and ultrasound-guided resection of glioblastoma – a two-stage randomised control trial." BMJ Open 12, no. 11 (November 2022): e064823. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/bmjopen-2022-064823.
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IntroductionSurgery remains the mainstay for treatment of primary glioblastoma, followed by radiotherapy and chemotherapy. Current standard of care during surgery involves the intraoperative use of image-guidance and 5-aminolevulinic acid (5-ALA). There are multiple other surgical adjuncts available to the neuro-oncology surgeon. However, access to, and usage of these varies widely in UK practice, with limited evidence of their use. The aim of this trial is to investigate whether the addition of diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) and intraoperative ultrasound (iUS) to the standard of care surgery (intraoperative neuronavigation and 5-ALA) impacts on deterioration free survival (DFS).Methods and analysisThis is a two-stage, randomised control trial (RCT) consisting of an initial non-randomised cohort study based on the principles of the IDEAL (Idea, Development, Exploration, Assessment and Long-term follow-up) stage-IIb format, followed by a statistically powered randomised trial comparing the addition of DTI and iUS to the standard of care surgery. A total of 357 patients will be recruited for the RCT. The primary outcome is DFS, defined as the time to either 10-point deterioration in health-related quality of life scores from baseline, without subsequent reversal, progressive disease or death.Ethics and disseminationThe trial was registered in the Integrated Research Application System (Ref: 264482) and approved by a UK research and ethics committee (Ref: 20/LO/0840). Results will be published in a peer-reviewed journal. Further dissemination to participants, patient groups and the wider medical community will use a range of approaches to maximise impact.Trial registration numberISRCTN38834571.
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Frie, Anne K., Kjell-Arne Fagerheim, Mike O. Hammill, Finn O. Kapel, Christina Lockyer, Garry B. Stenson, Aqqalu Rosing-Asvid, and Vladislav Svetochev. "Error patterns in age estimation of harp seals (Pagophilus groenlandicus): results from a transatlantic, image-based, blind-reading experiment using known-age teeth." ICES Journal of Marine Science 68, no. 9 (July 25, 2011): 1942–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/icesjms/fsr116.
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Abstract Frie, A. K., Fagerheim, K-A., Hammill, M. O., Kapel, F. O., Lockyer, C., Stenson, G. B., Rosing-Asvid, A., and Svetochev, V. 2011. Error patterns in age estimation of harp seals (Pagophilus groenlandicus): results from a transatlantic, image-based, blind-reading experiment using known-age teeth. – ICES Journal of Marine Science, 68: 1942–1953. Blind readings of known-age samples are the ultimate quality control method for age estimates based on hard tissues. Unfortunately, this is often not feasible for many species because of the scarcity of known-age samples. Based on a unique collection of known-age teeth of harp seals (age range: 1–18 years), ageing errors were evaluated in relation to true age, reader experience, sex, and tooth format (images vs. originals). Bias was estimated by linear models fitted to deviations from true age, and precision was estimated as their residual standard error. Image-based blind readings of 98 tooth sections by 14 readers, representing different levels of experience, generally showed high accuracy and precision up to a seal age of ∼8 years, followed by an increasingly negative bias and increased variance. Separate analyses were therefore conducted for young seals (1–7 years) and older seals. For young seals, moderate associations were found between reader experience and levels of bias, precision, and proportions of correct readings. For older seals, only precision levels showed a significant association with reader experience. Minor effects of sex and tooth format are unlikely to affect these main patterns. Observed errors, even for highly experienced readers, may affect important age-related parameters, emphasizing the importance of known-age calibration of the output from all readers.
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Prabakar, S., M. Nagarajan, and A. Thirumagal. "Scientometric Analaysis on the Literature Output on Unemployment." Asian Journal of Information Science and Technology 8, no. 2 (August 5, 2018): 48–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.51983/ajist-2018.8.2.451.
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The social problem of “Unemployment” has been taken as research topic for the scientometric study. The data has been downloaded from Web of Science and the span of years has been selected from 2008 to 2012. Hypotheses are assumed and appropriate statistical tool has been utilized to the test the hypotheses. The interpretation has been given along with relevant data in tabular form. It was identified that the majority of the communicating format of language in the research output is of English. The journal articles dominated all the other type of publications. The prediction of Alfred Lotka on author productivity was not suitable for this research work.The findings reveal that enormous literatures related to the “Unemployment” are published to alarm the policy makers about the up-coming danger. It is requested the policy makers of the global countries to lay new policies to see the human beings to be employable. It is suggested that the society to raise the standard of their employable skills to be worthy for being employable. It it also suggested to the respective educational authorities towards the revival in the curriculum of the educational system of global countries.
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Plassard, Marie-France. "The IFLA Core Programme for Universal Bibliographic Control and International MARC (UBCIM): Recent Developments and Current State." Alexandria: The Journal of National and International Library and Information Issues 6, no. 2 (August 1994): 145–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/095574909400600206.
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The UBCIM Programme seeks to coordinate activities aimed at the development of systems and standards of bibliographic control at the national level and to facilitate the international exchange of bibliographic data. One of its first accomplishments, the International Standard Bibliographic Description, was completed with the publication in 1992 of the revised ISBG(G). Guidelines for subject authority and reference entries were issued in 1993. Seminars and workshops on UBC and UNIMARC are being organized in various parts of the world. In 1992 project UNIBASE was launched, with the aim of producing a sample database of UNIMARC records using CDI/ISIS software, in support of the educational objectives of the UBCIM Programme; it includes a variety of facilities for searching, displaying and printing, but not for editing and updating records. Some Eastern European libraries that are starting to automate are considering UNIMARC as their internal format. A substantial part of UBCIM's activities is represented by its publications programme, which includes a quarterly journal. Lithuanian, Romanian and Russian versions of the UNIMARC manual were issued in 1993, and requests for translation into other languages have been received.
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Agati, Jean-Louis, Sébastien Caille, André Debackère, Pierre Durand, Florent Losse, René Manté, Florence Mauroy, et al. "Activities and Achievements of the Double Star Committee of the Société Astronomique de France." Proceedings of the International Astronomical Union 2, S240 (August 2006): 509–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s174392130700645x.
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In a synthesis article (see ref. below), the double star expert Paul COUTEAU put the work of French pioneers of double stars observation in the perspective of the double star work carried in the world. After Antoine Yvon VILLARCEAU and Camille FLAMMARION, one prominent pioneer of double stars was Robert JONCKHEERE (1888–1974), an amateur before circumstances prompted him to become a professional astronomer, who devoted his life to double stars. Kenneth Glyn Jones wrote a biography and Charles Fehrenbach his obituary. Jean-Claude Thorel studied his life and career in double star observations (see Section 10 below). In the 1930s, another precursor of the Commission des Étoiles Doubles, Maurice DURUY (1894–1984) invented the micrometer with a comparison star, and applied the diffraction micrometer invented by Ejnar Hertzsprung to the measure of double stars, which he regularly observed at Nancy with a 275-mm telescope, at Lyon with a 162-mm telescope and in his observatory of Beaume-Mêle with a 40-cm and later a 60-cm telescope at Le Rouret (Alpes–Maritimes). He measured standard pairs of the list of Paul Muller and published his measures in the Journal des Observateurs; these measures requested by Paul Muller aimed at comparisons of between observers. He also collaborated with the Webb Society of Great Britain; Glyn Jones published his astronomical biography. Already in 1924, the pediatrician Paul BAIZE (1901–1995) had started the measurement of double stars as an amateur. He was granted permission to measure them with the 38-cm of the Paris Observatory and made an impressive number of measures during his long “career" (24044). He also made orbit calculations and established a formula for the calculation of dynamic parallaxes in 1946. He wrote articles explaining new observation techniques devoted to double stars in the magazine L'Astronomie and continued his astronomical activity until the beginning of the 1990s. Glyn Jones published an astronomical biography of Paul Baize. In the 1960s, Bernard CLOUET and the late Robert SAGOT (1910–2006) made double star observations for the book which was then in preparation under the title La revue des constellations. Their measures remained unpublished; but publication of the measures made by Robert SAGOT is in preparation. At about the same time, the neurology professor Jacques LE BEAU (1908–1998) made the acquaintance of renowned professional astronomer Paul COUTEAU and learned from him how to measure double stars. Each year, he stayed for two weeks at Nice and conducted his observations with the 50-cm refractor of the Nice Observatory. In 1978, Paul COUTEAU published the first book in French devoted to double stars: L'observation des étoiles doubles visuelles. That book triggered the interest of more amateur astronomers for double stars and indirectly influenced the creation of a group of double star observers which was transformed into the Commission des Étoiles Doubles
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Ismail, Siti Aisyah, Burhanuddin Hamid, Wahyu Sulistiadi, and Sagiran. "Journey to Shariah Hospital:An Indonesian Experience." International Journal of Human and Health Sciences (IJHHS) 2, no. 2 (March 15, 2018): 55. http://dx.doi.org/10.31344/ijhhs.v2i2.27.
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Objective: As the world’s most populous Muslim country, Indonesia carries the responsibilityto establish an Islamic healthcare system that are of superior quality. Believing that Islamic Shariah is the best system for any activity, the need to translate the system into a measurable and objective healthcare quality tools are eminent. In 2015 the Standard of Shariah Hospital Certification were published and in 2016 the National Shariah Council produced a fatwa on the implementation of Shariah Hospital. In 2017, a second version of the Standard were published to be formalized by the National Shariah Council as the awarding body. In this article, the working principles of a hospital practicing the Shariah provisions in Indonesia will be explained.Approach and Value: The concept uses the maqasidic approach in it’s structure and refers to the National Hospital Accreditation Commission format. Normative standards are conserved and Shariah values are added in all critical points. Further technical details are produced to ensure proper implementation of the standards, which are divided into Shariah management and Shariah services. Two hospitals were appointed as the pilot project and many more are awaiting it’s implementation. As a conclusion it can be said that Shariah Hospital Certification standards provides added value on top of the national hospital accreditation standards. Hospital performance are expected to improve through the implementation of Shariah Hospital Certification by means of establishing quality work culture in hospital staffs through the inculcation of shariahvaluesInternational Journal of Human and Health Sciences Vol. 02 No. 02 April’18. Page : 55-64
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Hobern, Donald, Andrea Hahn, and Tim Robertson. "Options to Apply the IGSN Model to Biodiversity Data." Biodiversity Information Science and Standards 2 (May 31, 2018): e27087. http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/biss.2.27087.
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For more than a decade, the biodiversity informatics community has recognised the importance of stable resolvable identifiers to enable unambiguous references to data objects and the associated concepts and entities, including museum/herbarium specimens and, more broadly, all records serving as evidence of species occurrence in time and space. Early efforts built on the Darwin Core institutionCode, collectionCode and catalogueNumber terms, treated as a triple and expected to uniquely to identify a specimen. Following review of current technologies for globally unique identifiers, TDWG adopted Life Science Identifiers (LSIDs) (Pereira et al. 2009). Unfortunately, the key stakeholders in the LSID consortium soon withdrew support for the technology, leaving TDWG committed to a moribund technology. Subsequently, publishers of biodiversity data have adopted a range of technologies to provide unique identifiers, including (among others) HTTP Universal Resource Identifiers (URIs), Universal Unique Identifiers (UUIDs), Archival Resource Keys (ARKs), and Handles. Each of these technologies has merit but they do not provide consistent guarantees of persistence or resolvability. More importantly, the heterogeneity of these solutions hampers delivery of services that can treat all of these data objects as part of a consistent linked-open-data domain. The geoscience community has established the System for Earth Sample Registration (SESAR) that enables collections to publish standard metadata records for their samples and for each of these to be associated with an International Geo Sample Number (IGSN http://www.geosamples.org/igsnabout). IGSNs follow a standard format, distribute responsibility for uniqueness between SESAR and the publishing collections, and support resolution via HTTP URI or Handles. Each IGSN resolves to a standard metadata page, roughly equivalent in detail to a Darwin Core specimen record. The standardisation of identifiers has allowed the community to secure support from some journal publishers for promotion and use of IGSNs within articles. The biodiversity informatics community encompasses a much larger number of publishers and greater pre-existing variation in identifier formats. Nevertheless, it would be possible to deliver a shared global identifier scheme with the same features as IGSNs by building off the aggregation services offered by the Global Biodiversity Information Facility (GBIF). The GBIF data index includes normalised Darwin Core metadata for all data records from registered data sources and could serve as a platform for resolution of HTTP URIs and/or Handles for all specimens and for all occurrence records. The most significant trade-off requiring consideration would be between autonomy for collections and other publishers in how they format identifiers within their own data and the benefits that may arise from greater consistency and predictability in the form of resolvable identifiers.
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Krewinkel, Albert, and Robert Winkler. "Formatting Open Science: agilely creating multiple document formats for academic manuscripts with Pandoc Scholar." PeerJ Computer Science 3 (May 8, 2017): e112. http://dx.doi.org/10.7717/peerj-cs.112.
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The timely publication of scientific results is essential for dynamic advances in science. The ubiquitous availability of computers which are connected to a global network made the rapid and low-cost distribution of information through electronic channels possible. New concepts, such as Open Access publishing and preprint servers are currently changing the traditional print media business towards a community-driven peer production. However, the cost of scientific literature generation, which is either charged to readers, authors or sponsors, is still high. The main active participants in the authoring and evaluation of scientific manuscripts are volunteers, and the cost for online publishing infrastructure is close to negligible. A major time and cost factor is the formatting of manuscripts in the production stage. In this article we demonstrate the feasibility of writing scientific manuscripts in plain markdown (MD) text files, which can be easily converted into common publication formats, such as PDF, HTML or EPUB, using Pandoc. The simple syntax of Markdown assures the long-term readability of raw files and the development of software and workflows. We show the implementation of typical elements of scientific manuscripts—formulas, tables, code blocks and citations—and present tools for editing, collaborative writing and version control. We give an example on how to prepare a manuscript with distinct output formats, a DOCX file for submission to a journal, and a LATEX/PDF version for deposition as a PeerJ preprint. Further, we implemented new features for supporting ‘semantic web’ applications, such as the ‘journal article tag suite’—JATS, and the ‘citation typing ontology’—CiTO standard. Reducing the work spent on manuscript formatting translates directly to time and cost savings for writers, publishers, readers and sponsors. Therefore, the adoption of the MD format contributes to the agile production of open science literature. Pandoc Scholar is freely available fromhttps://github.com/pandoc-scholar.
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Goodey, Joanna. "Violence Against Women: Placing Evidence From a European Union–Wide Survey in a Policy Context." Journal of Interpersonal Violence 32, no. 12 (May 16, 2017): 1760–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0886260517698949.
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In the European Union, there continues to be a lack of comprehensive and comparable data on violence against women that can serve to inform policy. In response, the European Union Agency for Fundamental Rights (FRA), which undertakes primary data collection across all 28 EU Member States, published the first European Union–wide survey on violence against women in 2014, which interviewed 42,000 respondents. The findings, which show the extent of violence against women—ranging from intimate partner violence through to sexual harassment—can underpin a renewed policy response to violence at the level of the European Union, based on evidence. Having outlined the survey’s approach to data collection, including the methodological challenges of undertaking quantitative survey research across 28 countries, the article briefly describes some of the survey’s main findings and follows this by focusing on the realities of nonreporting to different services, which illustrates how the survey’s data can be usefully employed to inform policy and practical responses to abuse. The article does not adopt a standard academic journal format for reporting and discussing the analysis of data, but instead focuses on the EU policy backdrop that serves to contextualize the survey and its findings, and which underpins other articles in this special issue that draw in detail on FRA’s survey results with respect to specific manifestations of violence against women.
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Graham, Nicholas A., Melissa D. Pope, Tharathorn Rimchala, Beijing K. Huang, and Anand R. Asthagiri. "A Microtiter Assay for Quantifying Protein-Protein Interactions Associated with Cell-Cell Adhesion." Journal of Biomolecular Screening 12, no. 5 (August 2007): 683–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1087057107301941.
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Cell-cell adhesions are a hallmark of epithelial tissues, and the disruption of these contacts plays a critical role in both the early and late stages of oncogenesis. The interaction between the transmembrane protein E-cadherin and the intracellular protein β-catenin plays a crucial role in the formation and maintenance of epithelial cell-cell contacts and is known to be downregulated in many cancers. The authors have developed a protein complex enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) that can quantify the amount of β-catenin bound to E-cadherin in unpurified whole-cell lysates with a Z′ factor of 0.74. The quantitative nature of the E-cadherin:β-catenin ELISA represents a dramatic improvement over the low-throughput assays currently used to characterize endogenous E-cadherin:β-catenin complexes. In addition, the protein complex ELISA format is compatible with standard sandwich ELISAs for parallel measurements of total levels of endogenous E-cadherin and β-catenin. In 2 case studies closely related to cancer cell biology, the authors use the protein complex ELISA and traditional sandwich ELISAs to provide a detailed, quantitative picture of the molecular changes occurring within adherens junctions in vivo. Because the E-cadherin: β-catenin protein complex plays a crucial role in oncogenesis, this protein complex ELISA may prove to be a valuable quantitative prognostic marker of tumor progression. ( Journal of Biomolecular Screening 2007:683-693)
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Petto, Jefferson. "New perspectives and challenges for the Brazilian Journal of Exercise Physiology." Revista Brasileira de Fisiologia do Exercício 19, no. 1 (March 26, 2020): 1. http://dx.doi.org/10.33233/rbfe.v19i1.3987.
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We are beginning a new cycle of the Brazilian Journal of Exercise Physiology. In these next two years (2020-2021), I will be in charge of the scientific edition of the magazine and I will certainly need your help to build an increasingly interesting, solid and good scientific quality journal.Initially I would like to thank the executive editors Jean-Louis Peytavin and Guillermina Arias for the invitation and trust. I would also like to thank all colleagues who gladly accepted the invitation to participate in the scientific council of the magazine. And finally, I would like to thank the reviewers, who are an essential part of maintaining a scientific journal.As you can see, we implemented some changes already in this edition. Now all articles will be published in at least two versions - Portuguese and English and some in Spanish and English. This change is important for our magazine to achieve greater international visibility. English is the universal language of research, therefore, for our articles to be read by other nationalities, who do not speak Portuguese, they must also be in the English version. Therefore, we are calling on all researchers to translate it into English after the final acceptance of their article. With this, we hope, in addition to increasing the journal's visibility and favoring its internationalization, to attract the attention of researchers from other countries so that they also publish in our journal.You will also notice the change in the layout of the articles. We try to make your visualization more professional, making the name of the magazine, the DOI, the name of the authors very visible and even in the header, we insert an item - “How to Cite”, which already makes the way of citing the article in Vancouver, the norm ready, that most scientific journals use as a standard for their references. I cannot forget to give credit to Marvyn de Santana do Sacramento, who created this new format. You will also observe that some authors recorded short videos presenting their articles. This idea is intended to increase the magazine's visibility, as these videos can be sent through social networks and arouse the interest of other readers.In addition, we are aiming to publish six issues a year and are also beginning to accept new types of articles. Until today, the Brazilian Journal of Exercise Physiology basically published original articles, case reports and reviews. We are encouraging researchers to send us opinion articles, updates, letters to the editor and commented articles. The rules for these new article templates will be available in detail in the next edition. In this magazine, you will find an opinion article sent by Professor Marzo Grigoletto and an update sent by Professor Giulliano Gardenghi, who also received the designation of featured article of this edition. We hope to receive more and more of these new article formats.We also aim to join other Databases such as Lilacs and DOAJ. For that, we need to comply with some publication rules required by these databases. Some mentioned above and another such as the ORCID required, for example, by Lilacs. Therefore, we are requesting that all authors make their ORCID. It's fast and can be done at the link: https://orcid.org/Finally, we hope that these initial changes will serve the most demanding readers and address the needs of our researchers and collaborators. Feel free to send us suggestions, criticisms andtell us what you most enjoyed. My contact email is: jefferson@portalatlanticaeditora.com.br
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Nadarajah, R. N. Sugitha. "Achieving a milestone: AMOR is now archived in Portico and indexed in CAS." Advances in Modern Oncology Research 2, no. 5 (October 28, 2016): 239. http://dx.doi.org/10.18282/amor.v2.i5.176.
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<p>The journal of Advances in Modern Oncology Research (AMOR) is proud to announce its partnership with Portico, a leading digital preservation service provider, to ensure the long term accessibility of its published contents. In addition, it is now indexed by the gold standard of chemical information database Chemical Abstracts Services (CAS) after publishing only six bimonthly issues, dating back to October 2015. AMOR’s Editor-in-Chief Dr. Omar Abdel-Rahman proudly shares: “Our vision is to be far more than just a journal, we want to be a platform that publishes high quality cancer research contents from all over the world. I think we are progressing, at an acceptable pace, in that direction."</p><p> </p><p>The Portico archive is a “centralized repository of tens of thousands of e-journals, e-books, and other electronic content, replicated to ensure security,” according to the registry organization. “Content comes into the archive under formal preservation agreements with publishers. Content providers submit source files to Portico, and we repackage these source files into an archival format and provide long-term archival management and format migration as needed. Our approach is driven by our commitment to meeting clear preservation goals,” it states. </p><p> </p><p>AMOR’s Managing Editor Dr. TS Jong, when asked to comment about the impact of this development, adds: “AMOR is committed towards meeting the highest international publication standards and as such, has a clear archiving and indexing roadmap to sustain our growth. The journal acknowledges the importance of ensuring the continuous accessibility of our published articles in multiple repositories. Therefore, we are delighted with the recent partnership between AMOR and Portico, a well-known third-party repository service provider, to safeguard the long-term availability of our contents.”</p><p> </p><p>Archiving AMOR’s articles within Portico ensures that the materials published are always available for access. In addition, AMOR’s inclusion in Portico – one of the leading digital preservation services in the world – ensures that AMOR is a step-closer towards its goal of being indexed by PubMed or Medline eventually, as Portico is one of the certified repositories according to Medline’s requirement, Dr. Jong explains.</p><p> </p><p>Meanwhile, Chemical Abstracts Service is an internationally-renowned authority for chemical information that delivers the most complete, cross-linked, and effective digital information for scientific discoveries. CAS, a division of the American Chemical Society, is a source of chemical information and its databases are recognized as the ultimate ‘gold standard’ by the industry. Physically located in Columbus, Ohio, United States, CAS provides updated chemistry content which is maintained by hundreds of PhD scientists from all around the world. The content in CAS covers almost all information and accurate details acquired from thousands of journals, books, patent authorities, web sources, dissertations, conference proceedings, to name a few.</p><p> </p><p>According to Dr. Jong, AMOR is aware that being indexed in relevant databases would broaden its readership and consequently improve the journal’s standing among other oncology journals. “In this regard, we are excited about our inclusion in the CAS databases. This reflects the quality of our published contents and will certainly pave the way for subsequent recognitions by other academic databases,” he says. Dr. Abdel-Rahman goes on to explain, “Our vision for the development and progress of AMOR is to turn it into a benchmark of good quality cancer research and to disseminate this high-quality research to all those who are interested, without any barriers. That is why the indexing and archiving of AMOR into highly accessed biomedical indices is vital to achieve this goal.”</p><p> </p><p>AMOR’s future is bright and hopeful, the EIC says. “We promise our respectable readers and collaborators that AMOR will continue to develop itself and strive to include its contents in other highly accessed biomedical indices,” Dr. Abdel-Rahman concludes. ■</p>
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Kool, Jeroen, André Van Marle, Saskia Hulscher, Maurice Selman, Dick J. Van Iperen, Klaas Van Altena, Michel Gillard, et al. "A Flow-Through Fluorescence Polarization Detection System for Measuring GPCR-Mediated Modulation of cAMP Production." Journal of Biomolecular Screening 12, no. 8 (December 2007): 1074–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1087057107308881.
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A flow-through fluorescence polarization (FP) detection system that makes use of a novel high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) fluorescence detector modified with polarization filters was developed. This flow-through FP detection system was evaluated by using a novel and very cost-effective bioassay for cyclic adenosine monophosphate (cAMP). The bioassay was first evaluated and optimized in an FP plate reader format and subsequently in a flow-through bioassay setup. The principle of the bioassay is based on the competition of cAMP and a fluorescent cAMP derivative for the cAMP binding domain of protein kinase A. cAMP could accurately be determined over a range of 0.8 to 30 pmol/well in the plate reader FP assay and over a range of 0.3 to 50 pmol/well in the flow-through FP assay setup. High Z′ factors (i.e., 0.89 for the plate reader and 0.93 for the flow-through FP cAMP assay, respectively) indicated robust assays. Finally, functional cAMP signaling of the human histamine H3 G-protein-coupled receptor (GPCR) in cell cultures was measured with both assay formats with good sensitivities and assay windows. The pEC50 values obtained in both assay formats were in accordance with those obtained with standard methods. The flow-through FP detection system could thus be used as a cost-effective alternative to FP plate reader assays. Moreover, the novel flow-through FP detection system for cAMP constitutes a good analytical tool to be used in the GPCR research field as an alternative to the use of FP plate readers or radioactive laboratories nowadays used for cAMP measurements. ( Journal of Biomolecular Screening 2007:1074-1083)
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Salam, Abdus, Rabeya Yousuf, and Sheikh Muhammad Abu Bakar. "Multiple Choice Questions in Medical Education: How to Construct High Quality Questions." International Journal of Human and Health Sciences (IJHHS) 4, no. 2 (January 12, 2020): 79. http://dx.doi.org/10.31344/ijhhs.v4i2.180.
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Multiple choice questions (MCQ) are the most widely used objective test items. Students often learn what we assess, and not what we teach, although teaching and assessment are the two sides of the same coin. So, assessment in medical education is very important to ensure that qualified competent doctors are being produced.A good test is the test that assesses higher level of thinking skills. Many inhouse MCQs are found faulty which assess lower level of thinking skills. The main problems in constructing good MCQs are that (i) very few faculty members have formal training in questions construction, (ii) most of the questions are prepared in the last minutes where little time exist for vetting to review the quality of questions and (iii) lack of promise on the standard of the question format and underestimation of the use of blueprint in medical schools. Constructing good MCQs, emphasis should be given that, the stem is meaningful and present a definite problem, it contains only relevant material and avoid negativity. It should be ensuring that, all options present as plausible, clear and concise, mutually exclusive, logical in order, free from clues and avoid ‘all of the above’ and ‘none of the above’. The MCQs can tests well any higher level of the cognitive domain, if it is constructed well. Efforts must be made to prepare and use of test blueprint as a guide to construct good MCQs. This paper describes and offers medical teachers a window to a comprehensive understanding of different types and aspects of MCQs and how to construct test blueprint and good MCQs that tests higher order thinking skills in the future medical graduates, thereby ensures competent doctors are being produced.International Journal of Human and Health Sciences Vol. 04 No. 02 April’20 Page : 79-88
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Odhiambo, Julius Nyerere, and Benn Sartorius. "Spatio - temporal modelling assessing the burden of malaria in affected low and middle-income countries: a scoping review." BMJ Open 8, no. 9 (September 2018): e023071. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/bmjopen-2018-023071.
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IntroductionSpatio - temporal modelling of malaria has proven to be a valuable tool for forecasting as well as control and elimination activities. This has been triggered by an increasing availability of spatially indexed data, enabling not only the characterisation of malaria at macrospatial and microspatial levels but also the development of geospatial techniques and tools that enable health policy planners to use these available data more effectively. However, there has been little synthesis regarding the variety of spatio - temporal approaches employed, covariates employed and ‘best practice’ type recommendations to guide future modelling decisions. This review will seek to summarise available evidence on the current state of spatio - temporal modelling approaches that have been employed in malaria modelling in low and middle-income countries within malaria transmission limits, so as to guide future modelling decisions.Methods and analysisA comprehensive search for articles published from January 1968 to April 2018 will be conducted using of the following electronic databases: PubMed, Web of Science, JSTOR, Cochrane CENTRAL via Wiley, Academic Search Complete via EBSCOhost, MasterFILE Premier via EBSCOhost, CINAHL via EBSCOhost, MEDLINE via EBSCOhost and Google Scholar. Relevant grey literature sources such as unpublished reports, conference proceedings and dissertations will also be incorporated in the search. Two reviewers will independently conduct the title screening, abstract screening and, thereafter, a full-text review of all potentially eligible articles. Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analysis Protocols guidelines will be used as the standard reporting format. A qualitative thematic analysis will be used to group and evaluate selected studies around their aim, spatio - temporal methodology employed, covariates used and model validation techniques.Ethics and disseminationEthical approval is not applicable to this study. The results will be disseminated through a peer-reviewed journal and presented in conferences related to malaria and spatial epidemiology.PROSPERO registration numberCRD42017076427.
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González-Mesa, Ernesto, Celia Cuenca-Marín, María Suarez-Arana, Beatriz Tripiana-Serrano, Nadia Ibrahim-Díez, Ana Gonzalez-Cazorla, and Marta Blasco-Alonso. "Poor sleep quality is associated with perinatal depression. A systematic review of last decade scientific literature and meta-analysis." Journal of Perinatal Medicine 47, no. 7 (September 25, 2019): 689–703. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/jpm-2019-0214.
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Abstract Background Although pregnancy is frequently associated with mental states of happiness, hope and well-being, some physical and psychological changes can contribute to increased sleep disturbances and worsened sleep quality. Sleep quality has been linked to negative emotions, anxiety and depression. The main objective of this paper was to systematically review the impact of sleep during pregnancy on maternal mood, studying the association between objective and subjective measures of sleep quality and perinatal depression. Methods We performed a systematic review according to Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines, which included studies published between January 2008 and April 2019, and met the following criteria: (i) studies on pregnant women assessing the effects of sleep quality variables on perinatal mood disorders, (ii) studies published in English and (iii) full paper published in a peer-reviewed scientific journal with full-text format available. Results A total of 36 studies published in the last decade met the inclusion criteria for qualitative review and eight of them were suitable for meta-analysis. Both confirmed the negative effects of poor sleep on perinatal mood. However, qualitative analysis showed that unrepresentative samples and low participation rates falling below 80% biased some of the studies. The standard random-effects meta-analysis showed a pooled size effect [ln odds ratio (OR) 1.49 (95% confidence interval [CI] 1.19, 1.79)] for perinatal depression in cases of poor prenatal sleep quality, although heterogeneity was moderate to high [Q 16.05, P ≤ 0.025, H2 2.45 (95% CI 1.01, 13.70)]. Conclusion Poor sleep quality was associated with perinatal mood disturbances. The assessment of sleep quality along the pregnancy could be advisable with a view to offering preventative or therapeutic interventions when necessary.
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Vasiliev, Aleksei V., and Nikolay E. Kalenov. "Automated Information Library System “Bibliobus”: Modern Version." Bibliotekovedenie [Library and Information Science (Russia)] 67, no. 6 (December 27, 2018): 630–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.25281/0869-608x-2018-67-6-630-644.
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The article is devoted to the work of the automated information library system (AILS) “Bibliobus”, developed by specialists of the Library for Natural Sciences of the Russian Academy of Sciences (LNS RAS). The purpose of this article is to acquaint readers of the journal with the specific features of the modern AILS “Bibliobus” that provides complex automation of the main technological processes on the “way of book” of non-periodicals received in the centralized library system (CLS) holdings of LNS RAS. The authors describe capability features and functions of the system, the rules of work with it, the user interface for performing work related to centralized acquisition, book registration and distribution of the incoming books between the CLS libraries, cataloguing, classifying, etc. The system has a number of features that distinguish it from most automated library systems. It is focused on the centralized library network; part of the information is entered in the Centre, part — interactively in the libraries of the network; all the accounting and financial documents required by the centralized system are generated automatically. The AILS “Bibliobus” widely uses the bar coding, it applies to all stages of publication processing on the “way of book”; the bar codes appear on all supporting documents and printed cards. When cataloguing the publications, bibliographer introduces in the main “window” of system the bibliographic description in the format of State Standard GOST 7.1—2003 with some mark-ups, and in additional “windows” — the maximum possible metadata, providing multi-aspect search of the publication in the catalogue; the search fields for e-catalogue are generated automatically. The AILS “Bibliobus” provides for the formation of multi-level records. Its database stores the images of scanned text pages displayed in the electronic catalogue; all operations are logged with the start and end time, which allowed building on its basis a powerful reference and statistical system. The system has a modern user interface that allows the operator to obtain multiple information on various aspects of technological operations.
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Rahman, Md Mizanur, Susane Giti, Md Saiful Islam, Debashish Shaha, AKM Abu Yousuf, Mohammad Nuruzaman Bhuyain, Nasima Khatun, and Narjis Maliha Kawsar. "Computer assisted human karyotyping an analysis of 131 cases." Journal of Armed Forces Medical College, Bangladesh 9, no. 2 (February 2, 2015): 32–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/jafmc.v9i2.21823.
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Introduction: Karyotyping is the process of pairing and ordering all the chromosomes of an organism, thus providing a genome-wide snapshot of an individuals chromosome. G-banded karyograms are routinely used to diagnose a wide range of chromosomal abnormalities in individuals. Although the resolution of chromosomal changes detectable by G-banded karyotyping is typically a few megabases, this can be sufficient to diagnose certain categories of abnormalities. Objectives: The primary aim of this study was to investigate the different types of chromosomal aberrations and their relative frequencies in a group of referred patients with suspected genetic disorders. Methods: This observational study was carried out at Armed Forces Institute of Pathology (AFIP) for a period of two years from January 2011 to December 2012. A total of 131 patients were included in this study. These patients were referred to AFIP from different Combined Military Hospitals (CMH) of Bangladesh Army and also from civil medical installations. All the patients were subjected to full genetic study; complete genetic examination and pedigree construction was done to exclude nonchromosomal causes of anomaly. Detailed history and physical findings were also noted in a prescribed format. The study included peripheral lymphocyte culture by a standard method using the Gbanding technique. 32 JAFMC Bangladesh. Vol 9, No 2 (December) 2013 Results: Out of 131 patients, 54 (42.2%) were male and 77 (57.8%) were female with male to female ratio 0.7:1. The age limit of the patient ranges from 04 days to 70 years. Most of the patients (32.1%) were in the age group of 010 years followed by 2130 year age group (30.5%). Consanguineous marriage was found in 15 (11.5%) cases in which 3 (2.3%) cases had chromosomal aberrations. Recurrent abortion was the main clinical indication (18.3%) followed by infertility (15.3%). Chromosomal aberrations were detected in 26 patients (19.8%); of these, 20 (15.2%) involved autosomes, while only 6 (4.6%) involved gonosomes. Trisomy 21 was detected in 12 (9.1%) patients and Philadelphia chromosome was found in 8 (6.1%) patients. Turner syndrome was detected in 5 (3.8%) patients and Klinefelter syndrome was found in 1 (0.8%) patient. Conclusion: The precise delineation of different types of chromosomal aberrations is only possible using clinical examination and advanced cytogenetic tools by experienced cytogeneticists. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/jafmc.v9i2.21823 Journal of Armed Forces Medical College Bangladesh Vol.9(2) 2013