Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Stakeholders pressure'
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Higgs, Hariz Imran, and Anna Maria Kocik. "How can stakeholders pressure firms to create value through innovation and CSR? : A study on CSR-driven innovations in the clothing industry." Thesis, Internationella Handelshögskolan, Jönköping University, IHH, Företagsekonomi, 2020. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hj:diva-49240.
Full textPottier, Aude Marie-Emilie. "La forêt des Landes de Gascogne comme patrimoine naturel? Echelles, enjeux, valeurs." Thesis, Pau, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012PAUU1011/document.
Full textThis thesis in Human Geography aims to identify and analyze the values which imply an heritage process through the words and actions of its actors. To associate a forest with values, to launch an heritage process does not mean only to set it as a protected area where the exceptional character of this area is acknowledged. This process cannot be reduced to official protection, preserving from human activities some elements considered as remarkable: more and more common areas and elements are equally owned by different social groups, specialists just as much as amateurs. With this regards, the forest of Landes de Gascogne constitutes a good example of heritage process of a common and ordinary forest, with nothing “remarkable” at first sight, at least according to the usual criteria of institutional natural heritage. This artificial forest has a production purpose and is privatized for its vast majority. Therefore, this forest has always been more or less pointed out for its intensive exploitation, questioning its ability to circulate values outside economic ones, and even the legitimacy of its status as a forest. Nevertheless, and however its production purpose is its first determination, this forest is also carrying cultural, natural and sensible values which generate a willingness of preservation going beyond, or even confronting the simple economic concern. The last storm in January 2009, Klaus, enabled to unveil and catalyze those valued, which, in front of such an event, became clearer. To consider the heritage process of this forest as a whole, shared between nature and culture, also allows pondering over the idea of natural heritage in itself and the process behind. This thesis has been written thanks to the analysis of a hundred of semi-structured interviews of different actors of the forest (private and public areas, elected representatives, local communities, Regional Natural Parc, associations) and realized according to a double-scale analysis (from the whole forest scale to the more localized analysis of four different field studies)
Tchaikovsky, Zulfiya. "The Relationship Between Sustainable Supply Chain Management, Stakeholder Pressure, and Financial Performance." ScholarWorks, 2017. https://scholarworks.waldenu.edu/dissertations/4024.
Full textWestergren, Eric, and Linn Hasselgren. "Does stakeholder pressure have an effect on the quality of the sustainability report?" Thesis, Umeå universitet, Företagsekonomi, 2020. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:umu:diva-172187.
Full textKonadu, R., S. Owusu-Agyei, T. Lartey, A. Danso, Samuel Adomako, and J. Amankwah-Amoah. "CEO reputation, quality management and environmental innovation: the roles of stakeholder pressure and resource commitment." Wiley, 2020. http://hdl.handle.net/10454/17766.
Full textIn this paper, we examine how and when chief executive offers’ (CEOs’) reputation enhances environmental innovation by considering quality management as a mediating mechanism of this relationship. In addition, we introduce stakeholder pressures (primary and secondary stakeholder pressures) as important contingencies of the relationship between CEOs’ reputation and quality management. Moreover, we test the moderating role of resource commitment on the quality management-environmental innovation relationship. We test our research model using data from a manufacturing industry sample of 217 firms from Ghana. We find that quality management mediates the relationship between reputation and environmental innovation. Moreover, the relationship between CEOs’ reputation and quality management is amplified when levels of both primary and secondary stakeholder pressures are greater. Finally, our findings show that the effect of quality management on environmental innovation is enhanced when resource commitment is greater. Implications for theory and practice are discussed.
The full-text article of this paper will be released for public view at the end of the publisher embargo on 14 Apr 2022.
Sarker, Zafar Waziha. "The Impacts of Stakeholder Pressures on Workplace Compliance in the Bangladeshi Apparel Industry." Ohio University / OhioLINK, 2019. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ohiou1574780270227769.
Full textGehlen, Corinna, and Katharina Sühling. "CSR-Related Stakeholder Pressure in Supply-Chains : A Qualitative Study of the Clothing Industry." Thesis, Internationella Handelshögskolan, Högskolan i Jönköping, IHH, Företagsekonomi, 2012. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hj:diva-18374.
Full textColeman, Charlotte Katie. "From dirty oil to community mentor : corporate responses to stakeholder pressure in the Alberta oil sands." Thesis, University of Leeds, 2013. http://etheses.whiterose.ac.uk/6350/.
Full textBetts, Teresa K. "The Role of Competitive Capabilities and Stakeholder Pressure in the Adoption of Environmental Practices and Business Performance." OpenSIUC, 2012. https://opensiuc.lib.siu.edu/dissertations/450.
Full textHerold, David Martin, Ben Farr-Wharton, Ki-Hoon Lee, and Wolfram Groschopf. "The interaction between institutional and stakeholder pressures: Advancing a framework for categorising carbon disclosure strategies." John Wiley & Sons Ltd and ERP Environment, 2018. https://doi.org/10.1002/bsd2.44.
Full textSantos, Tabatha Caroline Bonafin dos. "Gestão da Sustentabilidade para Legitimidade Organizacional Frente às Pressões dos Stakeholders em uma Cooperativa Agropecuária do Oeste do Paraná." Universidade Estadual do Oeste do Paraná, 2018. http://tede.unioeste.br/handle/tede/3970.
Full textMade available in DSpace on 2018-10-11T14:01:58Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 2 Tabatha _Santos - 2018.pdf: 4871103 bytes, checksum: dac5eb30acdb621c2e57d529c3381c8c (MD5) license_rdf: 0 bytes, checksum: d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e (MD5) Previous issue date: 2018-06-21
In the context of the discussion about sustainable development emerges a paradigm based on social and environmental values, derived from the conscious and responsible use of natural resources, whose premise is to reach the satisfaction of the needs of the present generation, in a way that does not compromise the ability to attend the demands of future generations. In this sense, organizations have adopted more sustainable strategies and practices to minimize environmental and social impacts, in addition to achieving economic-financial gains and achieving legitimacy in the face of stakeholders. In view of this, this dissertation aims to analyze how is the sustainability management for organizational legitimacy in front of the pressures of the stakeholders in an agricultural cooperative in western Paraná. A theoretical model based on Stakeholder Theory, Legitimacy Theory and the Triple Bottom Line was developed, which presupposes that organizations are pressured by their stakeholders through the power, legitimacy and / or urgency to adopt sustainability practices economic, environmental and social, in order to gain, maintain and / or regain legitimacy in the face of these pressures. With a qualitative approach, it was aimed to explain these relationships through the case study procedure in an agricultural cooperative, in this way, interviews were conducted with managers and main stakeholders. From the content analysis, the research propositions were confirmed: stakeholders pressure organizations to adopt sustainability practices, through power, legitimacy and / or urgency; sustainability involves the balance of economic, environmental and social dimensions; organizations seek strategies to win, maintain and / or regain legitimacy. Therefore, it was concluded that there are pressures for adoption of sustainable practices by the main stakeholders, nevertheless, the cooperative has a proactive position in adopting economic, environmental and social practices, since it does more than is required by the legislation. This has brought financial benefits, as well as minimizing environmental impacts and demonstrating social responsibility, which is reflected in the image and reputation to its stakeholders and to a greater competitive advantage
No contexto de discussão acerca do desenvolvimento sustentável emerge um paradigma baseado em valores sociais e ambientais, provenientes do uso consciente e responsável dos recursos naturais, cuja premissa consiste em alcançar a satisfação das necessidades da geração presente, de forma que não comprometa a capacidade de atender as demandas das futuras gerações. Neste sentido, as organizações têm adotado estratégias e práticas mais sustentáveis para minimizar os impactos ambientais e sociais, além de obter ganhos econômico-financeiros e alcançar legitimidade perante os stakeholders. Diante disso, essa dissertação tem como objetivo analisar como é a gestão da sustentabilidade para legitimidade organizacional frente às pressões dos stakeholders em uma cooperativa agropecuária do oeste do Paraná. Para tanto, foi desenvolvido um modelo teórico embasado na Teoria dos Stakeholders, Teoria da Legitimidade e no Triple Bottom Line, o qual pressupõe que as organizações são pressionadas pelos seus stakeholders por meio do poder, legitimidade e/ou urgência, para adotar práticas de sustentabilidade econômica, ambiental e social, a fim de ganhar, manter e/ou recuperar legitimidade frente a estas pressões. Com uma abordagem qualitativa, objetivou explicar estas relações por meio do procedimento de estudo de caso em uma cooperativa agropecuária, dessa maneira, foram realizadas entrevistas com gestores e principais stakeholders. A partir da análise de conteúdo confirmaram-se as proposições da pesquisa: os stakeholders pressionam as organizações para adotar práticas de sustentabilidade, por meio do poder, legitimidade e/ou urgência; a sustentabilidade envolve o equilíbrio das dimensões econômica, ambiental e social; as organizações buscam estratégias para ganhar, manter e/ou recuperar a legitimidade. Portanto, concluiu-se que existem pressões para adoção de práticas sustentáveis pelos principais stakeholders, apesar disso, a cooperativa tem um posicionamento proativo na adoção de práticas econômicas, ambientais e sociais, visto que faz além do que é exigido pela legislação. Isso tem trazido benefícios financeiros, além de minimizar os impactos ambientais e demonstrar a responsabilidade social, o que se reflete na imagem e reputação perante seus stakeholders e em maior vantagem competitiva.
Bravo, Gonzalo. "An investigation of stakeholder influence and institutional pressures on budget strategies of high school athletic departments." The Ohio State University, 2004. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1090950584.
Full textBravo, Gonzalo A. "An investigation of stakeholder influence and institutional pressures on budget strategies of high school athletic departments." Columbus, Ohio : Ohio State University, 2004. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc%5Fnum=osu1090950584.
Full textTitle from first page of PDF file. Document formatted into pages; contains xviii, 204 p. : ill. (some col.). Advisor: Packianathan Chelladurai, College of Education. Includes bibliographical references (p. 157-167).
Jonsson, Veronica, and Josefine Stéen. "Corporate Social Irresponsibility (CSI): Everything you say, or not say, can be held against you." Thesis, Högskolan Kristianstad, Sektionen för hälsa och samhälle, 2016. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hkr:diva-15730.
Full textHerold, David. "The Influence of Institutional and Stakeholder Pressures on Carbon Disclosure Strategies: An Investigation in the Global Logistics Industry." Thesis, Griffith University Queensland, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/10072/376740.
Full textRanweg, Matilda, Malin Karlsson, and Malin Johansson. "Sustainable development in the Indonesian textile industry : A qualitative study of drivers and barriers met by brand manufacturers." Thesis, Högskolan i Borås, Akademin för textil, teknik och ekonomi, 2019. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hb:diva-21981.
Full textLedje, Oskar, and Sharon Asmelash. "A global study on the demographic drivers for corporate sustainability performance." Thesis, Umeå universitet, Företagsekonomi, 2020. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:umu:diva-172316.
Full textDriscoll, Annelise. "DEMAND STUDY FOR DENTAL HYGIENE BACHELOR DEGREE PROGRAM." Doctoral diss., University of Central Florida, 2009. http://digital.library.ucf.edu/cdm/ref/collection/ETD/id/2826.
Full textPh.D.
Department of Health Professions
Health and Public Affairs
Public Affairs PhD
Moris, Karen. "Les médias en tant que mécanisme de gouvernance d'entreprise." Thesis, Dijon, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010DIJOE007.
Full textThe objective of this research had to contribute to the question: are media a corporate governance mechanism ? After doing a literature review, three research questions were asked. First, the question about the role of press as a corporate governance disciplinary mechanism was asked, then as a corporate governance mechanism with a view to creating stakeholder value, lastly, as a corporate normative governance mechanism in a neo-institutional view. Each question was the subject of one essay. First, the efficiency of press to reveal frauds of firms before an official authority was analyzed. In this purpose, logistic regression and an examination of articles of press was done. Second, the influence of press on the Danone Group’s direction was studied with a case study between 1996 and 2008. Third, to understand the influence between several kinds of press and their role in the normalization and the circulation of ideas and practical experiences about corporate governance, a case study was done also. First, the efficiency of press as a corporate disciplinary mechanism is not always perfect. By assuming that press maximizes its profits, the French press chooses the firms to cover and the frauds to disclose. It’s more a press which informs as a press which investigates. The complementarity of corporate governance mechanisms is confirmed in the efficiency of the governance system. Second, press is an efficient mechanism in a stakeholder value creation perspective. It manages to influence CEOs to search to create stakeholder value rather than shareholder value. Third, currently we notice an homogenization of organizational forms about corporate governance. It could be explained by the role of press as a corporate governance normative mechanism in a neo-institutional perspective
El, hajjari Borg Mounia, and Elin Sundberg. "Licence to Talk : Sustainability Managers and their Managerial Realities within the Corporate Sustainability Paradox." Thesis, Uppsala universitet, Företagsekonomiska institutionen, 2021. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-448552.
Full textYaacob, Mohd Rafi. "An Investigation of the Malaysian Palm Oil Industry’s Environmental Strategies, Stakeholders’ Pressure, Environmental Effectiveness and Competitive Advantage." Thesis, 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/1959.13/30617.
Full textOver the last three decades there has been increasing pressure from stakeholders on businesses to be environmentally responsible. Business organisations cannot help but take this consideration seriously because it has a far-reaching impact on their very survival. This research is intended to bring insights into how and why a business’s management responds to environmental pressure from stakeholders. How a business responds to its stakeholders is known as environmental strategy. In addition, this study also investigates how proactiveness in implementation of each type of environmental strategy impacts on a business’s environmental effectiveness and competitive advantage. In Malaysia palm oil is the most important agricultural commodity in the country, and contributes substantially to the economy. Unfortunately, its activities are not without environmental costs. Deforestation, depletion of flora and fauna, excessive use of chemicals, air and water pollution are the results of the industry’s activity. But due to stakeholders’ pressures, the industry has embraced environmental management in its activities, albeit at a slow pace. Against this background, this study seeks to investigate the efficacy of corporate environmentalism, using a number of palm oil companies as case studies. This study is paramount as no such study has previously been conducted in Malaysia. The Malaysian palm oil industry offers an interesting case for studying corporate environmentalism in developing countries. Using a mixed-methods or triangulation of analysis of nine palm oil companies, which are listed on the Kuala Lumpur Stock Exchange, as case studies, this research investigates the environmental practices of the palm oil companies, and the relationship of these practices with stakeholders’ pressures, environmental effectiveness and competitive advantages. The results of the study reveal that three levels of overall environmental strategy are adopted by the participating palm oil companies. They are labelled by the researcher as minimalists - four companies; intermediators - two companies; and proactivists - three companies. The minimalists refer to companies that exercised the lowest environmental strategy, while the proactivists are those who exercised the highest environmental strategy. The intermediators are in the middle, that is, those companies that seem to be in the early stage of becoming proactivists, but have yet to achieve such a level. The proactivists were classified as those who exercised a proactive strategy, but both intermediators and minimalists exercised a reactive environmental strategy. In terms of the relationship between environmental proactiveness and stakeholders’ pressure it was found that the management of the more proactive companies tended to perceive a wider range of threats from environmental stakeholders compared with reactive companies. Apart from regulatory stakeholders, they also perceived pressure from primary stakeholders, especially their top management, as well as secondary stakeholders including ENGOs, competitors, and the media. On the contrary, reactive companies only perceived threats from regulatory stakeholders. Not only did proactivists differ in terms of stakeholders’ pressure, they were at the same time perceived to be more environmentally effective and to gain more competitive advantages than less proactive companies. Based on the research findings it seems there is a significant positive correlation between a proactive environmental strategy and both environmental effectiveness and competitive advantage among Malaysian palm oil companies. In this study measurement of the environmental strategies and environmental effectiveness was solely based on a triangulation of surveys (seven-point scale items) and in-depth interviews. In order to increase the validity of the study, future researchers need to triangulate these data with other quantitative data. For instance, at a company level, a company’s resources can be measured based on its financial statistics such as sales, net profit, return on investment, and the amount spend on research and development. Moreover, the environmental effectiveness of a mill can be measured in terms of monthly data of biochemical oxygen demand (BOD), of palm oil mill effluents and Ringelmann Chart of air emissions, and the amount of money expended on de-sludging for certain periods of time. In both plantations and mills, future researchers can gather data related to environmental accidents, fines and court cases. The key findings of this research are instructive. The majority of the participating palm oil companies in Malaysia adopted reactive environmental strategies. Only a few adopted proactive environmental strategies, and they were more likely to exercise environmental practices at strategic and tactical levels such as top management involvement in environmental issues as well as deploying environmental management systems which mostly related to the bottom line of their businesses. Serious attention towards the destruction of the tropical rainforest as a result of their activities is lacking among participating companies.
Yaacob, Mohd Rafi. "An Investigation of the Malaysian Palm Oil Industry’s Environmental Strategies, Stakeholders’ Pressure, Environmental Effectiveness and Competitive Advantage." 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/1959.13/30617.
Full textOver the last three decades there has been increasing pressure from stakeholders on businesses to be environmentally responsible. Business organisations cannot help but take this consideration seriously because it has a far-reaching impact on their very survival. This research is intended to bring insights into how and why a business’s management responds to environmental pressure from stakeholders. How a business responds to its stakeholders is known as environmental strategy. In addition, this study also investigates how proactiveness in implementation of each type of environmental strategy impacts on a business’s environmental effectiveness and competitive advantage. In Malaysia palm oil is the most important agricultural commodity in the country, and contributes substantially to the economy. Unfortunately, its activities are not without environmental costs. Deforestation, depletion of flora and fauna, excessive use of chemicals, air and water pollution are the results of the industry’s activity. But due to stakeholders’ pressures, the industry has embraced environmental management in its activities, albeit at a slow pace. Against this background, this study seeks to investigate the efficacy of corporate environmentalism, using a number of palm oil companies as case studies. This study is paramount as no such study has previously been conducted in Malaysia. The Malaysian palm oil industry offers an interesting case for studying corporate environmentalism in developing countries. Using a mixed-methods or triangulation of analysis of nine palm oil companies, which are listed on the Kuala Lumpur Stock Exchange, as case studies, this research investigates the environmental practices of the palm oil companies, and the relationship of these practices with stakeholders’ pressures, environmental effectiveness and competitive advantages. The results of the study reveal that three levels of overall environmental strategy are adopted by the participating palm oil companies. They are labelled by the researcher as minimalists - four companies; intermediators - two companies; and proactivists - three companies. The minimalists refer to companies that exercised the lowest environmental strategy, while the proactivists are those who exercised the highest environmental strategy. The intermediators are in the middle, that is, those companies that seem to be in the early stage of becoming proactivists, but have yet to achieve such a level. The proactivists were classified as those who exercised a proactive strategy, but both intermediators and minimalists exercised a reactive environmental strategy. In terms of the relationship between environmental proactiveness and stakeholders’ pressure it was found that the management of the more proactive companies tended to perceive a wider range of threats from environmental stakeholders compared with reactive companies. Apart from regulatory stakeholders, they also perceived pressure from primary stakeholders, especially their top management, as well as secondary stakeholders including ENGOs, competitors, and the media. On the contrary, reactive companies only perceived threats from regulatory stakeholders. Not only did proactivists differ in terms of stakeholders’ pressure, they were at the same time perceived to be more environmentally effective and to gain more competitive advantages than less proactive companies. Based on the research findings it seems there is a significant positive correlation between a proactive environmental strategy and both environmental effectiveness and competitive advantage among Malaysian palm oil companies. In this study measurement of the environmental strategies and environmental effectiveness was solely based on a triangulation of surveys (seven-point scale items) and in-depth interviews. In order to increase the validity of the study, future researchers need to triangulate these data with other quantitative data. For instance, at a company level, a company’s resources can be measured based on its financial statistics such as sales, net profit, return on investment, and the amount spend on research and development. Moreover, the environmental effectiveness of a mill can be measured in terms of monthly data of biochemical oxygen demand (BOD), of palm oil mill effluents and Ringelmann Chart of air emissions, and the amount of money expended on de-sludging for certain periods of time. In both plantations and mills, future researchers can gather data related to environmental accidents, fines and court cases. The key findings of this research are instructive. The majority of the participating palm oil companies in Malaysia adopted reactive environmental strategies. Only a few adopted proactive environmental strategies, and they were more likely to exercise environmental practices at strategic and tactical levels such as top management involvement in environmental issues as well as deploying environmental management systems which mostly related to the bottom line of their businesses. Serious attention towards the destruction of the tropical rainforest as a result of their activities is lacking among participating companies.
Kan, Liang-en, and 甘良恩. "The Associations of Stakeholder Pressures, Perceived Environmental Benefits and Environmental Management Practices." Thesis, 2011. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/88683057238405194813.
Full text國立臺南大學
科技管理研究所碩士班
99
Recent environmental management research has never examined the correlation between stakeholder pressures, perceived environmental benefits, and environmental management behavior; neither have empirical studies on business executives been conducted often. Therefore, the theoretical approach is based on stakeholders and resource-based view, with information collected from business executives having influencial power on enterprises’ policy-making to understand the opinions of domestic corporates on environmental protection and operation of environmental management. This study focuses on the top 5000 industries China Credit Information Service publishes in 2009 with focus on manufacturing industry, questionnaire object includes 3 to 4 executives who possess decision-making power. Effective samples have been collected from 167 companies, and analyzed with SEM. Research results reveal positive correlation between stakeholder pressure and perceived environmental benefits; while perceived environmental benefits, and environmental management behavior are positively correlated with profit-making and less correlated with cost-saving.
YU, JHEN-YING, and 余貞瑩. "The Relationship among Stakeholder, Institutional Pressures, Environmental Management Practice and Sustainability Performance - An Empirical Study on Manufacturing Industries in Taiwan." Thesis, 2019. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/ydbwm3.
Full text國立高雄科技大學
企業管理系
107
Industrial development has prompted the economy, but climate change has been abnormal in recent years. It shows that economic development and environmental protection have been unbalanced, and the ecological environment has been seriously polluted and destroyed. The countries around the world have noticed environmental problems. To echo the trend of sustainable development, the government and companies are concerned about the environment. However, products are inevitably contaminated during the manufacturing process. In order to ensure that the pollution generated during product transfer is kept within the standard range, some countermeasures are taken. This study used a quantitative questionnaire survey method and the sample was the executive of Taiwan's manufacturing industry. 459 questionnaires were issued and 148 valid questionnaires, with a recovery rate of 32.2%. The results of the study show that stakeholders and institutional pressures are significantly related to environmental management practices. Then, stakeholders, institutional pressures and environmental management practices have a significant correlation to sustainable development performance. And environmental management practices have an intermediary effect. Finally, the results of this study will be discussed and management recommendations will be provided.
Velho, Renan Fernandes. "Fossil fuel divestment movement: a study on organizational pressures and practices." Master's thesis, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/10362/132390.
Full textLAO, CHIA-WEI, and 勞家緯. "The relationship among stakeholder pressure, green resource, green supply chain management, and organizational performance: An empirical study on electrical and electronic industries in Taiwan." Thesis, 2015. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/ngs6f7.
Full text國立高雄應用科技大學
企業管理系
103
The environment issue has been concerned by many international enterprice in these years. A lot of companies adopted green supply chain management (GSCM). In addition, the relative literatures of GSCM are increased, too. Most of the researches discussed about the institutional theory rather than the stakeholder theory. In this study, we’d like to reply the relationship among stakeholder pressure, GSCM and performance. Meanwhile, we used RBV to measure the resource in company and saw if they affected GSCM. Our sample was electrical and electronic industries in Taiwan. We used quantitive method and released 1,000 questionaries, the 194 valid were turned. Also, we got rid of the respondents that the capital is low than NT$ 10,000,000. This study used the AMOS and SPSS software and got the follow finding. The regulatory stakeholder and market stakeholder have the significant positive effect on GSCM. The green resource has a significant positive effect on the GSCM. The green resource has a partial mediation effect on the relationship between the GSCM and stakeholder pressure. GSCM has a significant positive effect on the environment performance and economic performance. The environment performance has a significant positive effect on the economic performance.
Fonseca, Catarina Isabel Marques da. "Áreas protegidas resilientes e a importância do sistema de governança em Portugal." Doctoral thesis, 2020. http://hdl.handle.net/10362/100501.
Full textProtected areas are complex and dynamic socio-ecological systems, subject to disturbances that can significantly change ecological and socio-economic conditions. The ability of a system to adapt to changing circumstances while maintaining the integrity of its function and identity is called resilience, often associated with adaptive management models which emphasise the need for learning and flexibility in decision making. This research aimed to understand how protected areas can be (more) resilient by focusing on the contribution of the governance system, which determines how users interact with resources. The study was centred on the ‘natural park’ typology, where the existing human presence implies more interactions and potential conflicts, taking as case studies the Serra da Estrela Natural Park and the Sintra-Cascais Natural Park. Methodologically, a participatory approach was privileged, with consultation and involvement of experts and stakeholders at different moments, through questionnaires, interviews and a workshop. On a first stage, the aim was to clarify the identity of protected areas (to be maintained through resilience) and to identify the central pressures and their driving forces, based on an adaptation of the Driver-Pressure-State-Impact-Response (DPSIR) model. It was established that although multiple objectives coexist, the key function of protected areas (including nature parks) is nature conservation. The main pressures x are mainly related to human uses and activities and originated by a complex web of driving forces, in which the ineffectiveness/inadequacy of the governance system is highlighted. Having established this basis, the attributes that confer resilience were investigated, and the governance system in Portugal was analysed, including the role of the management body and its organisational model, as well as the available management instruments. The existence of different levels of governance, a diverse and participatory social capital, and innovation and learning processes are indicated in the literature as attributes of resilient systems. However, the documentary analysis and the stakeholders’ perceptions show that the current governance system does not meet these requirements. The distance of the management body, which no longer has local structures with decision-making power at the protected area level, is the main weakness, associated with the lack of knowledge of the territory and the difficult relationship with stakeholders, which makes the implementation of a true collaborative management impossible. Moreover, the lack of management tools’ diversity and monitoring and evaluation mechanisms does not promote innovation and learning, hindering a more adaptive approach to managing these territories. This research validates known issues and provides rationale for already identified needs. It is believed that the recommendations presented are relevant to most areas, with possible adaptations. Future research on the functioning of these socio-ecological systems, pressures and driving forces, methodologies for participation and outcome assessment could contribute to better management of protected areas in Portugal. However, it is essential a greater investment and political commitment in nature conservation, capable of defending and integrating national and local interests.