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Hayes, Daniel, Miguel Moreira, Isabel Boavida, Melanie Haslauer, Günther Unfer, Bernhard Zeiringer, Franz Greimel, Stefan Auer, Teresa Ferreira, and Stefan Schmutz. "Life Stage-Specific Hydropeaking Flow Rules." Sustainability 11, no. 6 (March 14, 2019): 1547. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su11061547.
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Peak-operating hydropower plants are usually the energy grid’s backbone by providing flexible energy production. At the same time, hydropeaking operations are considered one of the most adverse impacts on rivers, whereby aquatic organisms and their life-history stages can be affected in many ways. Therefore, we propose specific seasonal regulations to protect ecologically sensitive life cycle stages. By reviewing hydropeaking literature, we establish a framework for hydrological mitigation based on life-history stages of salmonid fish and their relationship with key parameters of the hydrograph. During migration and spawning, flows should be kept relatively stable, and a flow cap should be implemented to prevent the dewatering of spawning grounds during intragravel life stages. While eggs may be comparably tolerant to dewatering, post-hatch stages are very vulnerable, which calls for minimizing or eliminating the duration of drawdown situations and providing adequate minimum flows. Especially emerging fry are extremely sensitive to flow fluctuations. As fish then grow in size, they become less vulnerable. Therefore, an ‘emergence window’, where stringent thresholds on ramping rates are enforced, is proposed. Furthermore, time of day, morphology, and temperature changes must be considered as they may interact with hydropeaking. We conclude that the presented mitigation framework can aid the environmental enhancement of hydropeaking rivers while maintaining flexible energy production.
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Mancini, Stephen, Laurie Iacono, Frank Hartle, Megan Garfinkel, Dana Horn, and Alison Sullivan. "Introducing the Common Attack Process Framework for Incident Mapping." International Journal of Cyber Research and Education 3, no. 2 (July 2021): 20–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/ijcre.2021070102.
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The paper presents a new framework that allows both educators and operational personnel to better overlay incidents into a simplified framework. While other attack frameworks exist, they either lack simplicity or are too focused on specific types of attacks. Therefore, the authors have attempted to define a framework that can be used broadly across both physical and cyber incidents. Furthermore, the paper provides several high-profile examples wherein it is shown how this new framework more accurately represents the adversary's actions. Lastly, the framework allows room for expansion in that, within each stage, a plethora of questions can be addressed, giving greater specificity into how that stage was carried out.
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van der Meij, Barbara S., Coline P. Schoonbeek, Egbert F. Smit, Maurizio Muscaritoli, Paul A. M. van Leeuwen, and Jacqueline A. E. Langius. "Pre-cachexia and cachexia at diagnosis of stage III non-small-cell lung carcinoma: an exploratory study comparing two consensus-based frameworks." British Journal of Nutrition 109, no. 12 (November 16, 2012): 2231–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0007114512004527.
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Despite the development of consensus-based frameworks to define cancer cachexia, the validity and usefulness of these frameworks are relatively unknown. The aim of the present study was to study the presence of pre-cachexia and cachexia in patients with stage III non-small-cell lung carcinoma (NSCLC) by using a cancer-specific framework and a general framework for cachexia, and to explore the prognostic value of pre-cachexia and cachexia. In forty patients at diagnosis of stage III NSCLC, weight loss, fat-free mass, handgrip strength, anorexia and serum biochemistry, assessed before the first chemotherapy, were used to define ‘cancer cachexia’ or ‘cachexia’. The cancer-specific framework also classified for pre-cachexia and refractory cachexia. Additionally, quality of life was assessed by the European Organisation for Research and Treatment of Cancer – Quality of Life Questionnaire C30. Groups were compared using independent t tests, ANOVA, Kaplan–Meier and Cox survival analyses. Based on the cancer-specific framework, pre-cachexia was present in nine patients (23 %) and cancer cachexia was present in seven patients (18 %). Cancer cachexia was associated with a reduced quality of life (P= 0·03) and shorter survival (hazard ratio (HR) = 2·9; P= 0·04). When using the general framework, cachexia was present in eleven patients (28 %), and was associated with a reduced quality of life (P= 0·08) and shorter survival (HR = 4·4; P= 0·001). In conclusion, pre-cachexia and cachexia are prevalent in this small population of patients at diagnosis of stage III NSCLC. For both frameworks, cachexia appears to be associated with a reduced quality of life and shorter survival. Further studies are warranted to more extensively explore the validity and prognostic value of these new frameworks in cancer patients.
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Yadav, Gunjan, Dinesh Seth, and Tushar N. Desai. "Analysis of research trends and constructs in context to lean six sigma frameworks." Journal of Manufacturing Technology Management 28, no. 6 (July 3, 2017): 794–821. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/jmtm-03-2017-0043.
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Purpose The literature of lean six sigma (LSS) is flooded with frameworks. But to date, there has been no attempt to expose the inconsistencies in the existing frameworks and associated research trends. The purpose of this paper is to critically review 26 LSS frameworks and highlight inconsistencies. The study also helps in analysing research trends and constructs of LSS frameworks, and facilitates new applications. Design/methodology/approach It uses Scopus database and finalises 26 frameworks in the LSS domain considering a timeframe from 2000 to 2017, using a structured literature review approach and involving domain experts. It uses a battery of systematic requirements-based questions to understand trends and covers building blocks/constructs also. Findings It reveals inconsistencies at three different stages, namely, the framework stage, usage stage capturing existing research trends and construct stage. It also offers details at building block/construct level. Thus, it offers guidance in reducing inconsistencies and possible modifications in the existing frameworks. It not only exposes existing constructs and sub-constructs but also guides about the new upcoming changes in the business influencing the LSS domain. It also educates about the strengths and weaknesses of each framework. Research limitations/implications This study tries to reduce inconsistencies, but does not offer new generalised or sector-specific framework. Practical implications This study will assist for modification/corrections in the existing frameworks by reducing inconsistencies and will encourage new frameworks to facilitate applications. Originality/value This is a unique study which offers frameworks-based review, portrays research trends and guides about constructs of a framework by exposing inconsistencies at each stage. It helps in reducing inconsistencies and offers guidance regarding modifications in the LSS framework considering upcoming challenges.
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Saarela, Martti, Anna-Mari Simunaniemi, Matti Muhos, and Pekka Leviäkangas. "Growth management of eHealth service start-ups." Journal of Advances in Management Research 15, no. 1 (February 5, 2018): 17–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/jamr-06-2017-0073.
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Purpose The purpose of this paper is to focus on the early development of eHealth service start-ups. To elaborate the research problem, the study addresses the following research questions: How do managerial experiences in eHealth service start-ups relate to the central findings of the recent empirically based stages-of-growth literature? What context-specific viewpoints should be considered when using the stage framework in relation to eHealth service start-ups? Design/methodology/approach In this explorative multiple case study, the authors test a growth framework describing the early stages of eHealth service firms through eight case studies. The authors utilise the critical incident technique and semi-structured interviews in the data collection. Findings When taking into account the key contradictions assessed in the study as well as context-specific features of eHealth businesses, the empirically based stage framework seems to be a useful starting point for reflecting on and predicting the challenges faced during the early development of eHealth service start-ups. Slow growth due to several factors and the essential role of the public sector were commonly emphasised elements of the context-specific viewpoints of the eHealth service business. Practical implications The results may be used in start-ups and intermediary organisations as a framework for predicting managerial challenges during the start-up stage of an eHealth service business. Originality/value Numerous universal models and frameworks have attempted to clarify management priorities during the early stages of business. However, context-specific viewpoints and their effects on start-ups have not been broadly studied. This study provides new insights into growth management in the eHealth context.
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Ota, Helen C. U., Brandon G. Smith, Alexander Alamri, Faith C. Robertson, Hani Marcus, Allison Hirst, Marike Broekman, Peter Hutchinson, Peter McCulloch, and Angelos Kolias. "The IDEAL framework in neurosurgery: a bibliometric analysis." Acta Neurochirurgica 162, no. 12 (July 10, 2020): 2939–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00701-020-04477-5.
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Abstract Background The Idea, Development, Exploration, Assessment and Long-term study (IDEAL) framework was created to provide a structured way for assessing and evaluating novel surgical techniques and devices. Objectives The aim of this paper was to investigate the utilization of the IDEAL framework within neurosurgery, and to identify factors influencing implementation. Methods A bibliometric analysis of the 7 key IDEAL papers on Scopus, PubMed, Embase, Web of Science, and Google Scholar databases (2009–2019) was performed. A second journal-specific search then identified additional papers citing the IDEAL framework. Publications identified were screened by two independent reviewers to select neurosurgery-specific articles. Results The citation search identified 1336 articles. The journal search identified another 16 articles. Following deduplication and review, 51 relevant articles remained; 14 primary papers (27%) and 37 secondary papers (73%). Of the primary papers, 5 (36%) papers applied the IDEAL framework to their research correctly; two were aligned to the pre-IDEAL stage, one to the Idea and Development stages, and two to the Exploration stage. Of the secondary papers, 21 (57%) explicitly discussed the IDEAL framework. Eighteen (86%) of these were supportive of implementing the framework, while one was not, and two were neutral. Conclusion The adoption of the IDEAL framework in neurosurgery has been slow, particularly for early-stage neurosurgical techniques and inventions. However, the largely positive reviews in secondary literature suggest potential for increased use that may be achieved with education and publicity.
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Amaldass, Nareyus, Cormac Lucas, and Nenad Mladenovic. "A heuristic hybrid framework for vector job scheduling." Yugoslav Journal of Operations Research 27, no. 1 (2017): 31–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/yjor150416013a.
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We examine the first phase of a known NP-hard 2-stage assembly problem. It consists of sequencing a set of jobs having multiple components to be processed. Each job has to be worked on independently on a specific machine. We consider these jobs to form a vector of tasks. Our objective is to schedule jobs on the particular machines in order to minimize the completion time before the second stage starts. We first develop a new mathematical programming formulation of the problem and test it on a small problem instance using an integer programming solver. Then, we develop a heuristic algorithm based on Ant Colony Optimization and Variable Neighborhood Search metaheuristics in order to minimize the total completion time. The performance of our implementation appears to be efficient and effective.
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Corbo, Leonardo, Shadi Mahassel, and Alberto Ferraris. "Translational mechanisms in business model design: introducing the continuous validation framework." Management Decision 58, no. 9 (May 30, 2020): 2011–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/md-10-2019-1488.
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PurposeThis paper aims at proposing knowledge translation as an element of business model design that can support entrepreneurs in achieving alignment and collaboration between entrepreneurial teams and external stakeholders.Design/methodology/approachThe conceptual model presented in the paper is developed from the literature review and draws mainly on two streams of work as follows: first, the contributions related to the lean start-up methodology initially developed by Blank and Ries and second, the work of Osterwalder and Pigneur on business models and its subsequent developments. In addition, we draw on key insights from the entrepreneurship and organizational learning literature, such as discovery-driven planning and disciplined entrepreneurship.FindingsThe continuous validation framework (CVF) is introduced, posing the attention on underlining knowledge-translation mechanisms to decode complex concepts related to new venture creation.Originality/valueThe authors propose a new framework (the CVF) as an effective translational tool because it is a visual diagram that allows entrepreneurs to translate complex and technical ideas into a format that is more understandable for external audiences. Additionally, for each step of the CVF, specific translational mechanisms are defined and discussed, as each stage of the CVF presents specific translational challenges that result in outcomes that differ from stage to stage.
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McLean, Richard Scott, and Jiju Antony. "A conceptual continuous improvement implementation framework for UK manufacturing companies." International Journal of Quality & Reliability Management 34, no. 7 (August 7, 2017): 1015–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/ijqrm-02-2016-0022.
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Purpose The purpose of this paper is to review current continuous improvement implementation models and frameworks, and present a new conceptual framework tailored specifically to the needs of UK manufacturing companies. Design/methodology/approach The paper details the in-depth review of 20 existing models or frameworks for continuous improvement implementation, demonstrating the need for a new industry and region specific solution. Through the incorporation of previous findings from literature, coupled with the positive aspects of the current offerings, a new conceptual framework for continuous improvement implementation in UK manufacturing companies is presented. Findings The paper demonstrates the need for industry and region specific frameworks and demonstrates that current models and frameworks do not completely fulfil the objective of the research. A new continuous improvement implementation framework is therefore presented in a user friendly format, comprising positive aspects of previous models and frameworks where applicable. Research limitations/implications The focus of the research is limited to the UK and the manufacturing industry. It is therefore not clear the applicability of the framework presented to other regions and industries. The framework presented is also conceptual at this stage and requires validation through interview and application. Practical implications The framework presented will provide senior managers wishing to implement continuous improvement an understanding of the high level process, as well as awareness of their role within the roll out. Overall, the framework provides a clear guide whilst also allowing for individual tailoring of the elements contained to the needs of the company. Originality/value The paper presents a new conceptual framework; the first to be tailored to the needs of UK manufacturing companies. The framework has also been demonstrated to be a more robust solution than those currently in existence.
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Wiese, Lisa, Anna E. Pohlmeyer, and Paul Hekkert. "Design for Sustained Wellbeing through Positive Activities—A Multi-Stage Framework." Multimodal Technologies and Interaction 4, no. 4 (September 29, 2020): 71. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/mti4040071.
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In this paper, we introduce a framework that conceptualizes a multi-stage process through which technology can promote sustained wellbeing. Intentional wellbeing-enhancing activities form the centerpiece linking direct product interaction to, ultimately, wellbeing. The framework was developed following a bottom-up–top-down approach by integrating theoretical knowledge from positive psychology, behavioral science and human–computer interaction (HCI)/design with empirical insights. We outline (a) the framework, (b) its five main stages including their multidisciplinary theoretical foundations, (c) relations between these stages and (d) specific elements that further describe each stage. The paper illustrates how the framework was developed and elaborates three major areas of application: (design) research, design strategies and measurement approaches. With this work, we aim to provide actionable guidance for researchers and IT practitioners to understand and design technologies that foster sustained wellbeing.
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Löfving, Malin, Kristina Säfsten, and Mats Winroth. "Manufacturing strategy frameworks suitable for SMEs." Journal of Manufacturing Technology Management 25, no. 1 (January 28, 2014): 7–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/jmtm-08-2012-0081.
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Purpose – The paper aims at increasing the understanding of how manufacturing strategy formulation can be facilitated in SMEs. Design/methodology/approach – The research presented in this paper follows a four-stage logic. Initially, a literature review was conducted identifying a number of manufacturing strategy frameworks. Thereafter, theoretical and practical assessment criteria were established. The SME requirements were identified through five case studies. Based on these assessment criteria, identified manufacturing strategy formulation frameworks were evaluated. When a framework was found that fulfilled most of the requirements set out, a detailed analysis of the framework was done, based on criteria related to specific SME characteristics. Findings – In total, 15 different manufacturing strategy formulation frameworks were identified in the literature. To evaluate the suitability of these frameworks in SMEs, a number of assessment criteria were established, both in theory and in practice. These assessment criteria were grouped into three parts based on their character: procedure, realisation and contextual issues. The assessment of the 15 frameworks revealed that among the identified frameworks there was one framework that stood out and fulfilled several of the criteria. However, the frameworks still need to be adapted to the specific SME characteristics. Originality/value – Although a number of manufacturing strategy frameworks exist, their usability in practice has seldom been investigated. The results presented provide valuable knowledge for the continued work of rendering manufacturing strategy frameworks suitable and thereby useful for SMEs.
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Lizarti, Nora, Bambang Sugiantoro, and Yudi Prayudi. "PENERAPAN COMPOSITE LOGIC DALAM MENGKOLABORASIKAN FRAMEWORK TERKAIT MULTIMEDIA FORENSIK." JISKA (Jurnal Informatika Sunan Kalijaga) 2, no. 1 (August 29, 2017): 26. http://dx.doi.org/10.14421/jiska.2017.21-04.
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Like the digital forensics in general, multimedia forensics requires an integrated and flexible framework that can guide the process of proof is procedurally in order to maintain the validity of a digital evidence so that it can be justified in court. But this time, the digital forensics investigation framework that develops more emphasis on computer forensic investigations in general and did not give a specific stage of multimedia forensics. Often in investigating multimedia forensics investigator uses a framework that vary depending on the type of multimedia content to be analyzed, of course it becomes inflexible and inefficient, whereas multimedia content share characteristics that allow it to be integrated into a single unit. This study develops a forensic multimedia framework by implementing the Composite Logic to collaborate on several multimedia framework and related documents. Logic Composite method is a method of modeling the distribution of structured logical modularization techniques with explicit interface in which a model consists of a set of components that are interconnected with the principle of decomposition. In other words, the application of this method will allow researchers to extract and merge several frameworks into a single unit does not eliminate the function and the basic structure of the frameworks.
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Verma, Monika, Christine Plaisier, Coen van Wagenberg, and Thom Achterbosch. "A Systems Approach to Food Loss and Solutions: Understanding Practices, Causes, and Indicators." Sustainability 11, no. 3 (January 22, 2019): 579. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su11030579.
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Reasons behind food loss can be very specific for each product and supply chain stage but it is also affected by factors independent of the product and stage. This work focuses on such generic factors and develops a framework to analyze food loss as a systemic outcome. The framework highlights the interconnected nature of problem across supply chain stages and therefore emphasizes the need to look at the whole system instead of specific stages, when proposing solutions. Practices and underlying causes contributing to food loss are identified for each stage of the supply chain using a literature search. Deductive logic is used to fill the gaps where literature was found to be scarce, and to derive socio-economic indicators that signal the presence of identified causes. Using this framework, we propose a non-exhaustive list of 30 socio-economic indicators, which can signal the presence of the 22 practices and 60 causes associated with food loss in supply chains. This list can serve as a starting list for practitioners and policymakers to build on when analyzing food losses in supply chains in their region. We evaluate the framework using a field-study of a tomato supply chain in Nigeria, and conclude that it can be a useful tool to identify practices, causes, and indicators of food loss.
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Hunter, M. Gordon, and Rosemary Stockdale. "A Framework for Analyzing Online Communities." International Journal of Sociotechnology and Knowledge Development 2, no. 3 (July 2010): 11–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/jskd.2010070102.
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This paper examines online communities and describes how they can be differentiated from other Internet supported group interactions. A definition of an online community is given and three generic types are identified. These types are defined by the community models based on the value proposition for the sponsors and members. The value proposition for members is strongly influenced by the model, as facilities and opportunities for interaction are structured by the site sponsors. Where online communities offer fulfillment of specific needs, people participate and become members. Additional benefits enhance the value of membership and encourage retention and greater interactivity. Significant benefits are gained from online communities for businesses, NGOs, other community organizations and individuals. Identifying the different types of communities and their characteristics is an important stage in developing greater understanding of how virtual communities can contribute to businesses, healthcare, community needs and a myriad of other contexts. Examples of the three generic types of online communities are included for further edification.
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Spierings, Diana C., Daniel McGoldrick, Ann Marie Hamilton-Easton, Geoffrey Neale, Elizabeth P. Murchison, Greg J. Hannon, Douglas R. Green, and Sebo Withoff. "Ordered progression of stage-specific miRNA profiles in the mouse B2 B-cell lineage." Blood 117, no. 20 (May 19, 2011): 5340–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.1182/blood-2010-10-316034.
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Abstract Micro-RNAs (miRNAs) have been recognized as critical regulators of gene expression, and deregulation of miRNA expression has been implicated in a wide spectrum of diseases. To provide a framework for the role of miRNAs in B-cell development and malignancy, we deep-sequenced miRNAs from B1 cells and 10 developmental stages that can be identified within the mouse B2 B-cell lineage. The expression profiles of the 232 known miRNAs that are expressed during B-cell development display stage-specific induction patterns, yet hierarchical clustering analysis showed relationships that are in full agreement with the model of the B2 B-cell developmental pathway. Analysis of exemplary miRNA expression profiles (miR-150, miR-146a, miR-155, miR-181) confirmed that our data are in agreement with previous results. The high resolution of the expression data allowed for the identification of the sequential expression of oncomir-1/miR-17-92 and its paralogs miR-106a-363 and miR-106b-25 in subsequent developmental stages in the BM. Further, we have identified and validated 45 novel miRNAs and 6 novel miRNA candidates expressed in developing B cells.
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Lasrado, Flevy. "Assessing sustainability of employee suggestion schemes: a framework." International Journal of Quality and Service Sciences 7, no. 4 (November 16, 2015): 350–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/ijqss-12-2014-0056.
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Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to assess the employee suggestion scheme of three organizations based in the United Arab Emirates. A framework that consists of five sustainability factors identified based on an empirical study has been applied. The sustainability factors identified through this study include leadership and organizational environment, system capability, system effectiveness, organizational encouragement and system barrier. The paper draws conclusions about the key practices necessary to foster sustainability of the employee suggestion system. The paper then presents a final framework that the organizations can apply to assess their suggestion schemes and to develop potential change strategies. The study findings reveal the importance of five factors, and with more cases, future research can be conducted to identify further practices relevant to specific industry. More levels of maturity for sustainability suggestion system could also be defined with future research. Design/methodology/approach – The assessment framework was developed drawing on a thorough review of the literature and data collected and analyzed using various statistical tools. The developed assessment framework was validated using case study method. Semi-structured interviews were used to elicit relevant information during the case study. Findings – An assessment framework comprising five major factors for sustainability of suggestion scheme of has been presented. The five factors include: leadership and work environment, system capability, system effectiveness, organizational encouragement and system barriers. Sustainability of a suggestion system can be understood as a three-stage model comprising three stages: the initial stage, the developmental stage and the advanced stage. The key practices associated for each of these stages are discussed in detail. Research limitations/implications – The framework has taken into consideration the critical success factors, and critical success factors emerged from the literature review conducted for this study. The framework therefore could be further refined by conducting more case studies and can propose maturity levels. Originality/value – The paper has developed a framework that can be used to assess the sustainability of the suggestion scheme in an organization. This model has been applied to assess the individual schemes and draw upon potential change strategies.
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Lim Tung, Odile Juliette. "The Adequacy of the Mauritian Biosafety Framework." Journal of African Law 58, no. 1 (January 2, 2014): 109–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s002185531300017x.
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AbstractThis article analyses the Mauritian regulatory framework on genetically modified organisms (GMOs) and highlights its shortcomings, with the aim of improving the regulation of the approval and monitoring of the use of GMOs in Mauritius. It examines key issues regarding the application for a GMO permit, risk assessment requirements, identification and labelling obligations, post-market monitoring, and liability and redress in the case of damages. There is a need for greater public participation in decision-making on the approval of GMO permits and the monitoring stage procedure, specific civil liability provisions for damage as well as regulation of the coexistence of genetically modified (GM) and non-GM crops in the Mauritian biosafety framework. Pending the proclamation of the entire Mauritian GMO Act 2004, relevant transitional provisions should also be provided. Beyond legal provisions on biosafety, a national policy on GM products and GMO-related activities should be elaborated.
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Bellera, Carine, Cécile Proust-Lima, Lawrence Joseph, Pierre Richaud, Jeremy Taylor, Howard Sandler, James Hanley, and Simone Mathoulin-Pélissier. "A two-stage model in a Bayesian framework to estimate a survival endpoint in the presence of confounding by indication." Statistical Methods in Medical Research 27, no. 4 (September 1, 2016): 1271–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0962280216660127.
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Background Biomarker series can indicate disease progression and predict clinical endpoints. When a treatment is prescribed depending on the biomarker, confounding by indication might be introduced if the treatment modifies the marker profile and risk of failure. Objective Our aim was to highlight the flexibility of a two-stage model fitted within a Bayesian Markov Chain Monte Carlo framework. For this purpose, we monitored the prostate-specific antigens in prostate cancer patients treated with external beam radiation therapy. In the presence of rising prostate-specific antigens after external beam radiation therapy, salvage hormone therapy can be prescribed to reduce both the prostate-specific antigens concentration and the risk of clinical failure, an illustration of confounding by indication. We focused on the assessment of the prognostic value of hormone therapy and prostate-specific antigens trajectory on the risk of failure. Methods We used a two-stage model within a Bayesian framework to assess the role of the prostate-specific antigens profile on clinical failure while accounting for a secondary treatment prescribed by indication. We modeled prostate-specific antigens using a hierarchical piecewise linear trajectory with a random changepoint. Residual prostate-specific antigens variability was expressed as a function of prostate-specific antigens concentration. Covariates in the survival model included hormone therapy, baseline characteristics, and individual predictions of the prostate-specific antigens nadir and timing and prostate-specific antigens slopes before and after the nadir as provided by the longitudinal process. Results We showed positive associations between an increased prostate-specific antigens nadir, an earlier changepoint and a steeper post-nadir slope with an increased risk of failure. Importantly, we highlighted a significant benefit of hormone therapy, an effect that was not observed when the prostate-specific antigens trajectory was not accounted for in the survival model. Conclusion Our modeling strategy was particularly flexible and accounted for multiple complex features of longitudinal and survival data, including the presence of a random changepoint and a time-dependent covariate.
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Gu, Song, Zhi Zheng, Xiao Lei Chang, Zong Kai Wang, Zhou Ming Liao, and Zhou Xian Liao. "Interaction Analysis of Infilled Frame Structures under Lateral Loads." Applied Mechanics and Materials 578-579 (July 2014): 559–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.578-579.559.
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Filler stiffness and confinement effect on the frame structure under horizontal loads, making the earthquake severely damaged in recent years with filler frame structure. Research shows that the actual stiffness frame structure with infill walls and internal force distribution and pure framework significantly different. In this paper, the equivalent model analysis bracing frame structure filler with actual stiffness, elasticity and structure from stage to stage of the internal forces shaping the distribution were analyzed. The results show that the stiffness of the contribution and the confinement effect filler by factors geometry, masonry materials, the impact of the framework is not the same, need to consider the specific analysis and structural design.
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SÁNCHEZ-GONZÁLEZ, LAURA, FÉLIX GARCÍA, FRANCISCO RUIZ, and MARIO PIATTINI. "TOWARD A QUALITY FRAMEWORK FOR BUSINESS PROCESS MODELS." International Journal of Cooperative Information Systems 22, no. 01 (March 2013): 1350003. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0218843013500032.
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Business process modeling is recognized as a key part of the business process lifecycle. It is during this stage that a conceptual model is produced by collecting business process requirements and representing them with a specific business process notation. While there has been much research into process modeling techniques, little has taken place with regard to the characteristics that should be considered for an effective assessment of the models' quality. This paper presents a synthesis of quality characteristics for business process models, based on a systematic review of the relevant literature. It then goes on to describe a reference model for the quality assessment of business process models, and to relate the aforementioned quality characteristics to existing relevant process model measures. These relations may help organizations to guide the improvement of their business process models according to their chosen quality characteristics.
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Hampson, Martha, Carlie Goldsmith, and Michelle Lefevre. "Towards a framework for ethical innovation in children’s social care." Journal of Children's Services 16, no. 3 (June 14, 2021): 198–213. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/jcs-12-2020-0080.
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Purpose Substantial government investment has accelerated innovation activity in children’s social care in England over the past decade. Ethical concerns emerge when innovation seems to be propelled by a drive for efficiency and over-reliance on process output indicators, as well as, or even instead of, improving the lives of children, families and societies. No ethical framework exists at present to act as a check on such drivers. This paper reviews the literature with the aim of considering how best to address this gap. Design/methodology/approach This paper draws on a review of innovation in children’s social care, conducted as part of an Economic and Social Research Council-funded project exploring innovation in services for young people exposed to extra-familial risk and harm. Findings This study proposes a new conception of “trustworthy innovation” for the sector that holds innovation in children’s social care to the standards and principles of the code of ethics for social work. This study offers an ethical framework, informed by the interdisciplinary school of organisational ethics, to operationalise this extended definition; the analytic framework guides policymakers and the practice sector to question at every stage of the innovation process whether a particular model is ethically appropriate, as well as practically feasible within a specific context. Implications for local decision-making and national policy are set out, alongside questions raised for future research. Originality/value This paper is the first to offer an ethical framework for innovation in children's social care. The conception of “trustworthy innovation” offers a guide to policymakers and the practice sector, which they can use to ethically test every stage of the innovation process and make decisions about whether a particular model is ethically appropriate, as well as practically feasible within a specific context.
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Kock, Ned, and Murad Moqbel. "A six-stage framework for evolutionary IS research using path models." Journal of Systems and Information Technology 18, no. 1 (March 14, 2016): 64–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/jsit-04-2015-0028.
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Purpose – The purpose of this study is to fill a gap in evolutionary theorizing in the field of information systems. Evolutionary theorizing has recently been added as a useful tool to the research repertoire of information systems investigators. However, the literature on evolutionary theorizing and related empirical research lacks a clear framework that explicitly shows how information systems researchers can go, step-by-step, from a generic model of the evolution of traits in our ancestral past to a more specific model depicting the effects of technology facilitation of those traits among modern humans. The purpose of this study is to fill this gap through a framework composed of six stages. Design/methodology/approach – To discuss and illustrate the framework, the authors develop an easy-to-understand generic path model explicitly depicting relationships among variables related to events that occurred in our evolutionary past. We then incrementally adapt this generic path model, eventually arriving at a focused path model depicting causal relationships among social networking site use, job satisfaction, organizational commitment and job performance. In doing so, the authors also develop a theoretical model about how social networking site use can affect job performance, where a positive total effect is predicted via positive intermediate effects on job satisfaction and organizational commitment. Findings – To discuss the final stage in the framework, the authors present an illustrative example where the focused path model is tested based on a study of the effect of Facebook use on job performance among 178 working professionals across the USA. This illustrative example provides general support for the theoretical model. Research limitations/implications – The counterintuitive hypothesis that Facebook use is associated with increased job performance is supported. Practical implications – Social networking site use by organizational employees is likely to be associated with improved job performance. Originality/value – This study provides a clear framework that shows how researchers can go from a generic evolutionary path model in our ancestral past to a more specific model comprising technology effects in modern humans.
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Shulga, Lenna V., and James A. Busser. "Talent management meta review: a validity network schema approach." International Journal of Contemporary Hospitality Management 31, no. 10 (October 14, 2019): 3943–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/ijchm-10-2018-0876.
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Purpose The purpose of this paper is to critically assess the state of substantive, methodological and conceptual development of talent management (TM) within hospitality and business research and to identify gaps, examine debates and provide hospitality research direction. Design/methodology/approach After identifying 545 articles from 22 peer-reviewed journals from Google Scholar using “talent management,” only articles directly related to TM (n = 149) were analyzed using the validity network schema (VNS). The advantage of the VNS approach is in-depth analysis of the three research domains – substantive, methodological, and conceptual – and evaluation of the pathways between domains emerging in a unique hospitality TM perspective. Findings Substantive domain TM discourse analysis identified 12 general and 5 hospitality-related topics. The resulting research framework depicted how global trends, organizational, employee-specific factors and organizational-management tactics affect (1) organizational, (2) personal, (3) societal, and (4) customer outcomes. Methodological domain analysis revealed business TM research in the mature stage, while hospitality TM research is in the embryonic stage of development. TM researchers predominantly used observational, descriptive and industry-specific data, advancing the field with associated research frameworks. Conceptual domain analysis uncovered opportunities to advance theoretical foundations and test causal relationships. Originality/value VNS analysis identified the importance of conceptual, methodological and substantive domains of TM research. The comprehensive TM research framework was proposed with eight research pathways to guide future hospitality studies. This paper advances the unique hospitality industry-specific scholarship and practice, focused on employee well-being rather than solely organizational gain.
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Лукьянова, Влада, Vlada Lukyanova, Инна Плюгина, and Inna Plyugina. "INSTITUTIONAL FRAMEWORK OF INTEGRATION ASSOCIATIONS FUNCTIONING IN EURASIA." Journal of Foreign Legislation and Comparative Law 2, no. 1 (March 16, 2016): 0. http://dx.doi.org/10.12737/18189.
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The article deals with the institutional organization of integration associations of the Eurasian space. On the example of the Eurasian Economic Union and the Union State the main problems arising in connection with the activities of integration associations administration is shown, the gaps that hinder the implementation of the taken decisions are highlighted. The effectiveness of the operation of any integration association, including the integration associations of the Eurasian region, depends not only on external factors, but also on the quality of the research of institutional mechanisms. Specific types of bodies that construct the institutional system of integration associations, their competence, order of formation and functioning will depend on the chosen form of integration, its actually achieved level, the degree of political influence and economic development of States parties. The increasing complexity of integration relations from the move from one stage to another, expanding the scope of integration interaction causes the need to improve the institutional framework, expand the competence of the individual organs, optimization mechanism for implementing the adopted decisions of bodies of integration associations, increase of the quantity of these bodies, the number and diversity of acts adopted by them. In addition, the transition to more complex forms of integration associated with the transfer to the supranational level of regulation specific range of issues which are the subject of exclusive jurisdiction of the bodies of integration associations.
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Sălășan, Cosmin, Sebastian Moisa, Ioana M. Bălan, and Carmen Dumitrescu. "General innovation framework and the innovation expectations of rural actors." Review on Agriculture and Rural Development 6, no. 1-2 (July 13, 2018): 156–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.14232/rard.2017.1-2.156-161.
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The analysis of the general and the further-on more specific innovation framework targeting the rural area and the rural economy begins by screening the general statistic data and continues by an in-depth investigation of the options and opinions of relevant rural actors at the scale of a well-defined rural micro region, in our case a Local Action Group territory. The choice of the local scale should build on the previously acquired experience in project-based developments and the general high favourability for rural development for the specific region. The moment of the investigation is also an observation choice linked to the specific inputs of information and advice during the sessions of information and animation requested during the formulation stage of the future Local Development Strategies. The moment is highly relevant since it places the overall accessible support framework in the development perspectives and even more, in the formulated development intentions on medium term for an entire territory. The collection of facts and observations about the current state and the developments in the field of Research, Development and Innovation are compared to the real expectations and the development intentions of the local rural actors. The measure of the gap between the nationally programmed instruments and the real developments in agriculture and rural economy indicates the fitness level of the top-down programming approach.
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Iyer, K. Chandrashekhar, and Partha S. Banerjee. "Identifying New Knowledge Areas to Strengthen the Project Management Institute (Pmi) Framework." Organization, Technology and Management in Construction: an International Journal 11, no. 1 (March 1, 2019): 1892–903. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/otmcj-2018-0014.
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Abstract In an increasingly volatile, uncertain, complex and ambiguous (VUCA) world, managers of capital projects are under relentless pressure to consistently meet their performance expectations. At the execution stage, managers have to constantly orchestrate competing demands on scare resources and, simultaneously, manage project operations to meet time, costs and quality compliances. This calls for simple methods to distinguish factors that could cause execution stage delays and prioritise their remedial actions. The objective, therefore, was to propose and test a methodology through empirical evidence, which could be useful for managers to focus on the distinguishing factors (rather than on all factors) to achieve execution excellence. We used a three-stage methodology leveraging the existing Project Management Institute (PMI) framework to define variables and then tested the methodology using case data generated from projects adopting a grounded theory approach. A set-theoretic, multi-value qualitative comparative analysis (QCA) tool helped appropriately configure this empirical case data and a subsequent Boolean minimisation technique then identified the distinguishing factor(s) that explained superior project schedule performance. The results corroborated literature findings. Two contributions emerged from this study: (a) our methodology enabled a richer analysis of the case than what would have been possible by adopting a more conventional approach; and (b) there is a potential for a domain-specific extension of the PMI framework to cover technology transfer projects having their unique knowledge areas.
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Low, Kah Choon. "A Framework of Subjective Financial Well-Being among University Students in Malaysia." Journal of Governance and Development (JGD) 16, Number 1 (June 30, 2020): 93–112. http://dx.doi.org/10.32890/jgd2020.16.1.5.
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Living within one’s means is the practice that ensures that a person can survive and able to support their living. However, young working adults in Malaysia struggle to make ends meet for them to cover their basic needs. This problem calls the attention of personal finance management role in improving one’s financial well-being. University students are characterised as emerging adults, which their life stage is between adolescents and adults. This emerging stage plays as the transition stage for them before they become a working adult that requires them to manage their own personal finance and not depending on the financial support from their parents. People in a similar financial situation could perceive their financial well-being differently. Due to the specific characteristics of the university students and differences in perceiving their financial well-being, this inspires researcher to investigate the factors (financial literacy and financial behaviour), based on Theory of Planned Behaviour and Happiness Framework, that contribute to financial well-being. Hence, this paper attempted to (1) conceptualise financial well-being in a subjective approach to capture the students’ financial well-being situation in a more holistic picture and (2) discuss the relationships among the factors contributing to the subjective financial well-being of the university students. It is significant because the concept is defined in varies forms in past studies and the relationships among the factors require further clarifications.
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Kerry, Kristopher W. "Intra- and Inter-Site Variability within the Levantine Upper Palaeolithic: Evidence from Jebel Humeima (J412), South-west Jordan." Proceedings of the Prehistoric Society 66 (2000): 29–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0079497x00001754.
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Expanded excavations at the rockshelter of Jebel Humeima (J412) in south-west Jordan provide the basis for re-evaluation of its Upper Palaeolithic lithic assemblage. Initially identified as Levantine Aurignacian, the sample is more closely aligned with the Early Ahmarian. The framework currently used for the Levantine Upper Palaeolithic, combined with spatial clustering of specific blank and tool types, is directly responsible for initial misidentification. This spatial clustering is thought to represent two distinct activity loci: early-stage core reduction and later-stage blade and tool production. This kind of technological and typological variability may also help account for some of the ambiguity within the current Upper Palaeolithic framework of the southern Levant.
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Nousch, Marco, Assa Yeroslaviz, and Christian R. Eckmann. "Stage-specific combinations of opposing poly(A) modifying enzymes guide gene expression during early oogenesis." Nucleic Acids Research 47, no. 20 (September 12, 2019): 10881–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/nar/gkz787.
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Abstract RNA-modifying enzymes targeting mRNA poly(A) tails are universal regulators of post-transcriptional gene expression programs. Current data suggest that an RNA-binding protein (RBP) directed tug-of-war between tail shortening and re-elongating enzymes operates in the cytoplasm to repress or activate specific mRNA targets. While this concept is widely accepted, it was primarily described in the final meiotic stages of frog oogenesis and relies molecularly on a single class of RBPs, i.e. CPEBs, the deadenylase PARN and cytoplasmic poly(A) polymerase GLD-2. Using the spatial and temporal resolution of female gametogenesis in the nematode C. elegans, we determined the distinct roles of known deadenylases throughout germ cell development and discovered that the Ccr4–Not complex is the main antagonist to GLD-2-mediated mRNA regulation. We find that the Ccr4–Not/GLD-2 balance is critical for essentially all steps of oocyte production and reiteratively employed by various classes of RBPs. Interestingly, its two deadenylase subunits appear to affect mRNAs stage specifically: while a Caf1/GLD-2 antagonism regulates mRNA abundance during all stages of oocyte production, a Ccr4/GLD-2 antagonism regulates oogenesis in an mRNA abundance independent manner. Our combined data suggests that the Ccr4–Not complex represents the evolutionarily conserved molecular opponent to GLD-2 providing an antagonistic framework of gene-specific poly(A)-tail regulation.
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Dutta, Oindrilla, Mahmoud Saleh, Mahdiyeh Khodaparastan, and Ahmed Mohamed. "A Dual-Stage Modeling and Optimization Framework for Wayside Energy Storage in Electric Rail Transit Systems." Energies 13, no. 7 (April 1, 2020): 1614. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en13071614.
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In this paper, a dual-stage modeling and optimization framework has been developed to obtain an optimal combination and size of wayside energy storage systems (WESSs) for application in DC rail transportation. Energy storage technologies may consist of a standalone battery, a standalone supercapacitor, a standalone flywheel, or a combination of these. Results from the dual-stage modeling and optimization process have been utilized for deducing an application-specific composition of type and size of the WESSs. These applications consist of different percentages of energy saving due to regenerative braking, voltage regulation, peak demand reduction, estimated payback period, and system resiliency. In the first stage, sizes of the ESSs have been estimated using developed detailed mathematical models, and optimized using the Genetic Algorithm (GA). In the second stage, the respective sizes of ESSs are simulated by developing an all-inclusive model of the transit system, ESS and ESS management system (EMS) in MATLAB/Simulink. The mathematical modeling provides initial recommendations for the sizes from a large search space. However, the dynamic simulation contributes to the optimization by highlighting the transit system constraints and practical limitations of ESSs, which impose bounds on the maximum energy that can be captured from decelerating trains.
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Paltayian, George, Katerina D. Gotzamani, Andreas C. Georgiou, and Andreas Andronikidis. "Aligning customer requirements and organizational constraints to service processes and strategies." Business Process Management Journal 23, no. 5 (September 4, 2017): 1018–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/bpmj-10-2015-0140.
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Purpose Recognizing the fundamental role of quality as a means to differentiate service organizations, the purpose of this paper is to propose a strategic decision making framework for service organizations, which prioritizes performance improvement strategies that are rooted to customer requirements, organizational goals and constrained by organizational resources. Design/methodology/approach The proposed framework is realized through the implementation of two stages and four distinct phases mirroring the combination of enhanced quality function deployment (first stage), and zero-one goal programming (second stage). It proposes the utilization of a mix of qualitative and quantitative methods, and the collection of data from multiple sources including customers, middle, and top management. Findings The application and validation of the proposed framework utilizes information from both customers and employees in the bank services sector. Overall, results from the specific study revealed that a combination of “reengineering” and “expansion” strategies was more appropriate corresponding to customer priorities, organizational goals and effective utilization of available resources. Originality/value The paper presents a novel two stage strategic framework for service organizations. It utilizes a balanced mixture of qualitative and quantitative methods in an effort to capture and delineate elusive customer requirements and design characteristics of services, allowing the assessment of different combinations of quality improvement strategies in response to management objectives.
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Ponnamma Divakaran, Pradeep Kumar. "Idea-generation communities: when should host firms intervene?" Journal of Business Strategy 38, no. 6 (November 20, 2017): 80–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/jbs-04-2016-0041.
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Purpose The purpose of this paper is to explore when, why and to what extent firms should intervene in firm-hosted idea-generation communities, and to develop a framework for firm-intervention. Design/methodology/approach A single case-study is conducted in a highly successful firm-hosted idea-generation community called Dell IdeaStorm, whereby the netnographic approach is applied. Findings The findings indicate that, overall, firm-participation is minimal and passive, and varies according to the three stages of the idea lifecycle in the community, such as ideation stage – here firm-participation is limited to acknowledgement of new ideas, checking for redundancy, managing search tool and profanity filtering; discussion and development stage – here firm-participation is more active by providing feedback and clarification when needed, troubleshooting, asking for additional input on an idea, etc.; and completion stage – here a firm intervenes to screen and select the most promising ideas for implementation and also provides status updates on ideas. Originality/value This study contributes by developing a new framework for firm-participation, which is useful for the early diagnosis of community issues in idea generation. The framework is also a tactical tool which can be used to guide community managers in selecting the correct moderation approach, depending on the specific stage in the idea lifecycle.
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Meyer, Michelle N., Luke Gelinas, Barbara E. Bierer, Sara Chandros Hull, Steven Joffe, David Magnus, Seema Mohapatra, et al. "An ethics framework for consolidating and prioritizing COVID-19 clinical trials." Clinical Trials 18, no. 2 (February 2, 2021): 226–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1740774520988669.
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Given the dearth of established safe and effective interventions to respond to COVID-19, there is an urgent ethical imperative to conduct meaningful clinical research. The good news is that interventions to be tested are not in short supply. Unfortunately, the human and material resources needed to conduct these trials are finite. It is essential that trials be robust and meet enrollment targets and that lower-quality studies not be permitted to displace higher-quality studies, delaying answers to critical questions. Yet, with few exceptions, existing research review bodies and processes are not designed to ensure these conditions are satisfied. To meet this challenge, we offer guidance for research institutions about how to ethically consolidate and prioritize COVID-19 clinical trials, while recognizing that consolidation and prioritization should also take place upstream (among manufacturers and funders) and at a higher level (e.g. nationally). In our proposed three-stage process, trials must first meet threshold criteria. Those that do are evaluated in a second stage to determine whether the institution has sufficient capacity to support all proposed trials. If it does not, the third stage entails evaluating studies against two additional sets of comparative prioritization criteria: those specific to the study and those that aim to advance diversification of an institution’s research portfolio. To implement these criteria fairly, we propose that research institutions form COVID-19 research prioritization committees. We briefly discuss some important attributes of these committees, drawing on the authors’ experiences at our respective institutions. Although we focus on clinical trials of COVID-19 therapeutics, our guidance should prove useful for other kinds of COVID-19 research, as well as non-pandemic research, which can raise similar challenges due to the scarcity of research resources.
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Чернятин and S. Chernyatin. "Conceptual Framework for Methodology of Vertically Integrated Company’s Innovation Development Program Formation." Administration 3, no. 4 (December 10, 2015): 75–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.12737/16700.
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The large businesses role in the current Russian and world’s innovation activity practice is considered in
this paper. Priority guidelines for the improvement of innovation development programs (IDP) technology
relating to vertically integrated companies have been identified in the frame of Russian partially governmentowned
companies’ IDP analysis. In particular, key principles for corporate IDP formation, which defined
requirements to this document, as well as methods for their accounting, have been presented. An integrating
stage of the corporate IDP formation process, consisting in the development of a specific methodological
approach to the implementation of the above principles and requirements in the frame of selected methods
for their accounting has been considered in details.
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Selian, Suandi, and Dodi Irwansyah. "Pengembangan Kurikulum Pencak Silat Berbasis Kerangka Kualifikasi Nasional Indonesia." Journal of Education, Humaniora and Social Sciences (JEHSS) 1, no. 1 (October 18, 2018): 32–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.34007/jehss.v1i1.5.
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This study aims to find the development of the pencak silat curriculum based on the Indonesian National Qualifications Framework, the specific target at this first stage is to analyze the needs of the pencak silat curriculum and the formation of the pencak silat curriculum based on the Indonesian National Qualifications Framework and also based on the competencies expected from Permenpan RB. The research methodology used was the development research (R&D) Borg & Gall. the sample in this study were students and lecturers of Pencak Silat course at the Sports Study Program of Universitas Samudra Langsa. Based on the research objectives, to form graduates who have the competence to become professional teachers in the field of martial arts studies so that they can compete with graduates both from domestic and abroad. In the First Stage planned activities in the form of observation, interviews and comparative studies to study programs that have run the Indonesian National Qualifications Framework based curriculum, and produce a draft curriculum framework. Then in the second phase based on the results of the draft drafts conducted Focus Group Discussion on curriculum experts, pencak silat experts and lecturers in the field of Pencak Silat Expertise Field so that the formation of a validated curriculum, in the third stage a trial was conducted for Sports Study Program students, Teaching Faculty and Education Sciences, Universitas Samudra Langsa and evaluated.
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Cherep, Alla, Vitaliya Gerasymova, Anna Gorbunova, and Inna Shcheblykina. "Features of introducing budgeting for different models of innovation processes: a framework review." Problems and Perspectives in Management 18, no. 3 (October 2, 2020): 338–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.21511/ppm.18(3).2020.28.
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Innovation processes are vehicles of growth and, therefore, require effective management systems. These circumstances raise the question of how a particular innovation process model influences the features of budgeting implementation at the enterprise. The article aims to figure out the main provisions, which profoundly impact using budgeting for particular innovation process models. Methodologically, this article reviews theoretical approaches and practical basis on innovation process models and peculiarities of using budgeting in this area. Authoritative sources on these issues and the search covering 43 years were observed. This study was also based upon the secondary research data provided by international institutions, such as consulting companies, which help to reveal theoretical foundations and extensive experience in using budgeting practices on innovative companies around the world. Thus, the following statements were identified: an interconnection between the innovation process model and the creation of business units that become budgeting points; specific innovation process models require stage-based budgeting; particular innovation process models demand greater budgeting flexibility. Investigation of these statements led to the discovery: innovation processes models, which require being closed within business units and others that can demand to be more separated; models that are more in need of milestone budgeting; nature of influence flexibility on the efficiency of innovation. The demonstrated findings on features of using budgeting for particular innovation process models can help executives reconsider the existing systems to increase its efficiency.
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Nikolaev, E. L., T. A. Karavaeva, N. V. Vasilieva, A. V. Vasilieva, and E. I. Chekhlaty. "Medico-psychological supporting program of the multiple sclerosis patients: organization stages and tasks." V.M. BEKHTEREV REVIEW OF PSYCHIATRY AND MEDICAL PSYCHOLOGY, no. 2 (July 11, 2019): 95–101. http://dx.doi.org/10.31363/2313-7053-2019-2-95-101.
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The article presents a supporting medico-psychological program for multiple sclerosis patients that can be used in the framework of center specialized in MS treatment. It encompasses the definition of medico-psychological support of MS and presents the content of psycho-social interventions depending not only on the MS stage but also on the interrelationship of the MS period and patients mental and physical capacities. The supporting program consists of four consequent stages: information-diagnostic, psycho-correction, psychotherapy, psycho-rehabilitation. Implementation of each stage has its specific tasks, interventions and specialists team. The defined stages of the supporting program allow the specialists to provide personalized intensity and specific of psycho-social interventions and also elaborate a long-term treatment plan for each patient.
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Nili, Shmuel. "Between Domestic and Global Justice." Journal of Moral Philosophy 12, no. 1 (January 19, 2015): 55–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/17455243-4681045.
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What kind of normative constraints do domestic political theories generate at the global level? While much attention has been given to the global implications of specific domestic theories, little if any attention has been dedicated to the more general question - in what ways can a domestic theory of justice generate normative constraints for a global theory of justice? My aim here is to take first steps in addressing this meta-theoretical question. The main reason why global justice theorists have been ignoring this question is the implicit assumption that a domestic political theory can generate normative constraints for global theory only if its conclusions need to be replicated at the global level. While intuitive, I argue that this replication framework misses the possibility that domestic theories can have global implications by directly modifying, through their design process and output, the starting point of global theory. I elaborate this alternative modification framework in two main stages. The first introduces in detail the distinction between the replication and modification frameworks. The second stage demonstrates the distinctive value of the modification framework by applying it to two specific themes central to global political philosophy: the normative constraints that domestic egalitarianism generates for thinking about global distributive justice, and the nature of individual moral duties concerning global institutions. Understanding these issues through the modification framework will allow us to render coherent global theories that might seem incoherent with their domestic origins. More generally, this understanding might yield surprising normative conclusions about global affairs.
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Jiang, S., H. Zhao, W. Wu, and Q. Tan. "A NOVEL FRAMEWORK FOR REMOTE SENSING IMAGE SCENE CLASSIFICATION." ISPRS - International Archives of the Photogrammetry, Remote Sensing and Spatial Information Sciences XLII-3 (April 30, 2018): 657–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/isprs-archives-xlii-3-657-2018.
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High resolution remote sensing (HRRS) images scene classification aims to label an image with a specific semantic category. HRRS images contain more details of the ground objects and their spatial distribution patterns than low spatial resolution images. Scene classification can bridge the gap between low-level features and high-level semantics. It can be applied in urban planning, target detection and other fields. This paper proposes a novel framework for HRRS images scene classification. This framework combines the convolutional neural network (CNN) and XGBoost, which utilizes CNN as feature extractor and XGBoost as a classifier. Then, this framework is evaluated on two different HRRS images datasets: UC-Merced dataset and NWPU-RESISC45 dataset. Our framework achieved satisfying accuracies on two datasets, which is 95.57 % and 83.35 % respectively. From the experiments result, our framework has been proven to be effective for remote sensing images classification. Furthermore, we believe this framework will be more practical for further HRRS scene classification, since it costs less time on training stage.
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Kanchikere, Jayanna, A. K. Ghosh, and Kalyankumar Kalyankumar. "Design and Simulation Analysis of Three-Phase Transformer Less Grid-Connected PV Inverters." International Journal of Applied Power Engineering (IJAPE) 7, no. 3 (December 1, 2018): 211. http://dx.doi.org/10.11591/ijape.v7.i3.pp211-226.
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Three-stage transformer less inverter is broadly utilized as a part of low power photovoltaic (PV) framework associated frameworks because of its little size, high proficiency and ease. At the point when no transformer is utilized as a part of a framework associated photovoltaic (PV) framework, a galvanic association between the lattice and PV exhibit exists. In these conditions, perilous spillage streams (basic mode ebbs and flows) can show up through the stray capacitance between the PV cluster and the ground. The previous, keeping in mind the end goal to make a galvanic separation between the info and the yield incorporate a transformer (obligatory in a few nations) that restrains the entire framework exhibitions as far as effectiveness, weight, size and cost. Actually, transformer less inverters don't present any separation and are described by minimal size, bring down cost and higher effectiveness (over 2% higher). In any case, the absence of transformers prompts spillage streams that can be hurtful to the human body, and in addition for the entire transformation framework uprightness. With a specific end goal to keep away from the spillage streams, different Transformer less inverters have been proposed utilizing diverse topologies to create consistent regular mode voltage. In this paper, different as of late proposed transformer less PV inverters are researched. Their exhibitions are thought about and broke down.
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Shawcross, Judith K., and Tom W. Ridgman. "Short industrial placements – developing an activity framework to support teaching and learning." Higher Education, Skills and Work-based Learning 4, no. 3 (October 20, 2014): 256–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/heswbl-06-2014-0019.
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Purpose – This paper identifies the activities to be undertaken by students during short industrial placements. The purpose of this paper is to obtain a better understanding of what students do during their placements and provide a framework that supports both teaching and learning. This research focuses on a masters-level programme that contains a series of four, two week industrial placements where groups of two students work on a real and significant issue for the host company. Design/methodology/approach – A framework, developed from literature, describes a placement in terms of 17 high-level activity groups. A multi-stage action research method was applied to test the framework and develop a more detailed level framework. This used insights gathered from students, tutors and researchers on all 80 placements undertaken during the 2012-2013 academic year. Findings – The 17 high-level activity groups and their configuration in the framework were confirmed. For the 12 process activity groups, 64 activities were identified and included into a detailed level framework. For the five through-placement activity groups some specific activities were captured and further work remains to capture the others. Originality/value – These complex industrial placements can now be described consistently to students, companies and tutors using an evidence-based framework. Literature searches have not identified any other equivalent research-based frameworks. Other HE programmes also use similar industrial placements and this framework will provide a basis to support these and add to the body of knowledge in work integrated learning.
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Wang, Yahua, Tingting Wan, and Cecilia Tortajada. "Water Demand Framework and Water Development: The Case of China." Water 10, no. 12 (December 14, 2018): 1860. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/w10121860.
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Water resources management is increasingly important for sustainable economic and social development. A coherent division of the development stages is of primary importance for selecting and implementing related water resource management strategies. Using evolving supply–demand relationships, this paper proposes a framework that considers water development stages to present a series of dynamic relationships between water demand changes and overall economic development. The framework is applied to China to advance the understanding of how demand evolves at different stages of water resources development under specific socioeconomic circumstances, and of strategic choices in general. The case of China explains how water resources management has gradually improved during distinct socioeconomic development stages. It illustrates the varieties and effectiveness of water policies made to adapt to changing demand over the course of socioeconomic development. The framework can be potentially applied to other countries or regions to identify the development stage in order to select proper water management strategies.
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Schwartz, John S., and Edwin E. Herricks. "Fish use of stage-specific fluvial habitats as refuge patches during a flood in a low-gradient Illinois stream." Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences 62, no. 7 (July 1, 2005): 1540–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/f05-060.
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A stage-specific habitat classification scheme was developed emphasizing the ecological importance of habitat space as flow refugia for fish. Habitat units were based on planform and channel morphology and the resulting three-dimensional hydraulic patterns that form during floods. Fish were sampled in specific habitat patches using prepositioned areal electrofishing devices at two high-flow stages, near bankfull flow and one-half bankfull flow, during a flood. Fish were also sampled at baseflow immediately following the flood to compare changes in habitat use related to flow stage. During the bankfull stage, fish were found to use floodplain habitat units identified as vegetated point bars and concave-bank benches. During the one-half bank-full stage, fish density and biomass were greater in low-velocity habitat units identified as deflection eddies and expansion eddies than in the high-velocity habitat unit identified as the channel thalweg. Once flow returned to baseflow, fish density and biomass were greater in the main channel habitat units (pools, riffles, and glides) than in lateral habitat units identified as submerged point bars and lateral backwaters. This study provided a framework to quantify flow refugia in low-gradient streams, which is especially important in the restoration of anthropogenically disturbed watersheds that have lost habitat connectivity.
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Zheng, Qinghe, Mingqiang Yang, Xinyu Tian, Nan Jiang, and Deqiang Wang. "A Full Stage Data Augmentation Method in Deep Convolutional Neural Network for Natural Image Classification." Discrete Dynamics in Nature and Society 2020 (January 11, 2020): 1–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2020/4706576.
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Nowadays, deep learning has achieved remarkable results in many computer vision related tasks, among which the support of big data is essential. In this paper, we propose a full stage data augmentation framework to improve the accuracy of deep convolutional neural networks, which can also play the role of implicit model ensemble without introducing additional model training costs. Simultaneous data augmentation during training and testing stages can ensure network optimization and enhance its generalization ability. Augmentation in two stages needs to be consistent to ensure the accurate transfer of specific domain information. Furthermore, this framework is universal for any network architecture and data augmentation strategy and therefore can be applied to a variety of deep learning based tasks. Finally, experimental results about image classification on the coarse-grained dataset CIFAR-10 (93.41%) and fine-grained dataset CIFAR-100 (70.22%) demonstrate the effectiveness of the framework by comparing with state-of-the-art results.
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Shin, Vladimir, Georgy Shevlyakov, Woohyun Jeong, and Yoonsoo Kim. "Closed-Form Distance Estimators under Kalman Filtering Framework with Application to Object Tracking." Mathematical Problems in Engineering 2020 (August 20, 2020): 1–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2020/9141735.
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In this paper, the minimum mean square error (MMSE) estimation problem for calculation of distances between two signals via the Kalman filtering framework is considered. The developed algorithm includes two stages: the Kalman estimate of a state vector computed at the first stage is nonlinearly transformed at the second stage based on a distance function and the MMSE criterion. In general, the most challenging aspect of application of the distance estimator is calculation of the multivariate Gaussian integral. However, it can be successfully overcome for the specific metrics between two points in line, between point and line, between point and plane, and others. In these cases, the MMSE estimator is defined by an analytical closed-form expression. We derive the exact closed-form bilinear and quadratic MMSE estimators that can be effectively applied for calculation of an inner product, squared norm, and Euclidean distance. A novel low-complexity suboptimal estimator for special composite functions of linear, bilinear, and quadratic forms is proposed. Radar range-angle responses are described by the functions. The proposed estimators are validated through a series of experiments using real models and metrics. Experimental results show that the MMSE estimators outperform existing estimators that calculate distance and angle in nonoptimal manner.
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Ganzarain, Jaione, and Nekane Errasti. "Three stage maturity model in SME’s toward industry 4.0." Journal of Industrial Engineering and Management 9, no. 5 (December 20, 2016): 1119. http://dx.doi.org/10.3926/jiem.2073.
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Purpose: To address the challenges regarding the concept of Industry 4.0 and the diversification methodology and based on the strategic guidance towards Industry 4.0, we propose a process model as a guiding framework for Industry 4.0 collaborative diversification vision, strategy and action building. In this paper we suggest a stage process model to guide and train companies to identify new opportunities for diversification within Industry 4.0. Systematically carrying out the stages will take a company to their individual specific vision and collaborative vision between different companies in the Industry 4.0 scenario.Design/methodology/approach: This new collaborative diversification methodology involves industry within the pilot program; from the diversification and capacity assessment analysis of the company`s profile, skills and technologies that dominates, to identify the diversification opportunity map and its business modeling within the Industry 4.0 paradigm.Findings: The application of maturity models to the Industry 4.0 may help organizations to integrate this methodology into their culture. Results show a real need for guided support in developing a company-specific Industry 4.0 vision and specific project planning.Originality/value: Industry 4.0 promotes a vision where recent developments in information technology are expected to enable entirely new forms of cooperative engineering and manufacturing. The vision of industry 4.0 describes a whole new approach to business operations, and especially the production industries. To address the challenges regarding the concept of Industry 4.0 and the diversification methodology discussed above, and based on the strategic guidance towards Industry 4.0, we propose a unique process model as a guiding framework for Industry 4.0 collaborative diversification vision, strategy and action building.
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Jiang, Shao Fei, Shuai Chen, and Cong Da Lu. "Research on Function-Structure Mapping Method in Parametric Design Based on Axiomatic Principles." Advanced Materials Research 143-144 (October 2010): 813–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.143-144.813.
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Most of the input of parametric design system is the specific structure parameter, which is in a detailed design stage. To promote it into conceptual stage, the function-structure mapping problem is proposed. To solve the problem, the function -structure mapping mechanism which is based on logical view and in the framework of axiomatic design is established, the mapping model is solved by optimization method and the mapping procedure is integrated with parametric design system. Function requirements are mapped into a parametric model directly. Finally, a forklift design process validates the method and shows its advantage.
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Hudnurkar, Manoj, and Suhas Suresh Ambekar. "Framework for measurement of supplier satisfaction." International Journal of Productivity and Performance Management 68, no. 8 (November 11, 2019): 1475–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/ijppm-09-2018-0336.
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Purpose The purpose of this paper is to design, develop, implement and validate a multi-criteria decision model for measuring supplier satisfaction through a case study. Design/methodology/approach A three-stage methodology was used to develop a framework to measure supplier satisfaction. The framework involved factors and Key Performance Indicators (KPIs) from literature and exploratory study. Further, using the framework, a multi-dimensional decision model to calculate Supplier Satisfaction Index was developed. The proposed decision framework was implemented as a real-world case study in an Indian manufacturing organization. Findings The study makes two major contributions: first, it develops a framework to measure supplier satisfaction using factors and KPIs suitable to the buyer organization; second, the model developed to calculate supplier satisfaction helps in understanding overall satisfaction of suppliers along with the level of satisfaction of each supplier. The model can also be used to suggest improvements to buyer organizations on specific factors and KPIs under each factor. Research limitations/implications Supplier satisfaction plays an important role in multinational companies (MNCs), so the sample of practitioners considered in this study is relevant. However, it is likely that the small sample size of only suppliers and companies selected solely from the Indian manufacturing MNCs may have introduced some bias. Practical implications A comprehensive framework for enhancing the relationship with suppliers will be instrumental in deciding, managing and improving the level of supplier satisfaction. Originality/value This approach provides purchase managers with the flexibility of selecting factors and KPIs at every level of analysis and also a single index to establish supplier’s satisfaction with a buyer company.
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Romero Subirón, Fernando, Pedro Rosado Castellano, Gracia Bruscas Bellido, and Sergio Benavent Nácher. "Feature-Based Framework for Inspection Process Planning." Materials 11, no. 9 (August 22, 2018): 1504. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ma11091504.
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Feature-based approaches have been profusely used in the last decades to incorporate domain-specific knowledge in the design and development of technical systems that, according to the new Concurrent Engineering approaches, involves not only the definition of the product, but also of the required manufacturing/inspection/assembly process and the corresponding production system. Although the ability of feature-based modeling to ease and integrate knowledge intensive processes has always been recognised, in practise the different feature-based modeling proposals are strongly dependent on the domain and on the development stage of the solution (conceptual, detailed, etc.). On the other hand, inspection process planning, including the design and selection of the technical system to realize the dimensional and geometrical verification of the manufactured artefacts, has been traditionally considered separately from the rest of the manufacturing process planning, and even also from the product functional specification tasks. In this work, a feature-based framework for inspection process planning, based on a similar approach to the one applied in GD&T (Geometrical Dimensioning & Tolerancing) specification, analysis and validation of product artefacts, is presented. With this work, the proposed framework and feature concept ability to model interaction components belonging to both the product and the inspection system (inspection solution) is proved. Moreover, to facilitate the Collaborative and Integrated Development of Product-Process-Resource, the Inspection Feature has been conceived as a specialization of a generic Feature previously proposed by the authors.
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Awondo, Sebastain N., Esendugue Greg Fonsah, and Dennis J. Gray. "Incorporating Structure and Stochasticity in Muscadine Grape Enterprise Budget and Investment Analysis." HortTechnology 27, no. 2 (April 2017): 212–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.21273/horttech03466-16.
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We developed and investigated a stochastic farm enterprise budget framework that properly accounts for uncertainty in estimates used for investment decisions and structural dependency between yields and prices, which is generally absent in traditional (nonstochastic) budgets. In the first stage, we developed a traditional enterprise budget based on theoretical and accounting methods recommended by the American Agricultural Economics Association (AAEA) Task Force on Commodity Costs and Returns. In the second stage, we developed a probabilistic framework based on estimates derived from the traditional approach, and extended the approach to a stochastic framework through Monte Carlo simulations under specific price elasticity of demand. We applied the framework to estimate the costs, revenues, and conducted investment analysis of producing muscadine grapes (Vitis rotundifolia) in Georgia using a single-trellis system. Finally, we compared results derived from both approaches and revealed muscadine grape production and marketing to be an economically sound investment under multiple scenarios. Overall, the confidence placed on traditional budget estimates and investment outcomes was found to be overestimated at least 3-fold. This suggests that the true uncertainty in the returns and profitability of the business is grossly underestimated, erroneously painting a more promising outlook of investing in muscadine grape production.