Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Stage migration'
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Eyre, Lucy. "Amnesiac A stage play - and - Playwriting migration: Silence, memory and repetition. An exegesis." Thesis, Edith Cowan University, Research Online, Perth, Western Australia, 2016. https://ro.ecu.edu.au/theses/1925.
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In response to the surging migration phenomenon and growing hostility and restrictions on the movement of people, the stage play, Amnesiac, and exegesis, Playwriting migration: Silence, memory and repetition, explore a different approach to this global dilemma. Rather than focussing on the plight of refugees and asylum seekers, the approach and focus of the thesis centre on Western migration, from slavery and colonialism to corporation migration in the current globalised capitalist system. The research underpinning the approach of the play and essay examines the process of voluntary or obligatory participation in and/or resistance of political, social and economic systems which contribute to the circumstances that cause people to migrate.
The play depicts the workplace and home environments of fictional characters from historical and present-day migrations. Interactions between characters reveal the cumulative effects and fluctuating features of the relationship between oppressor and oppressed. These effects and features manifest in the playwriting, with the blending of repetition, stream of consciousness and memory as a way of understanding character objectives, conflicts, alliances and potential transformations. The results reveal the shifting nature of disempowered peoples and expose the shared experiences of oppressor and oppressed - in particular, the contributing factors of socialisation, domination and greed that are infused in the relationships which ultimately lead to conflict or alliance.
The exegesis examines historical and current events and people that inspired the form and content of the play. The factors that inspired the genre, the world of the play, the characters and incidents are discussed in relation to how social, political and economic systems reflect and reveal ongoing root causes of violence, instability and poverty in developing countries and, indeed, the increase of the same problems in developed countries.
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Sperandio, Elisa. "SETTING THE STAGE: RESIDENT EXPERIENCES WITH ENFORCEMENT, RESCUE AND SPECTACLE IN LAMPEDUSA." UKnowledge, 2019. https://uknowledge.uky.edu/geography_etds/61.
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Located 127 miles from the shores of Sicily and only 70 from Tunisia, the island of Lampedusa is home to a population of 6000. Residents are largely reliant on a centuries-old fishing economy, a booming tourism industry and, most recently, the sustainment of a complex apparatus of border enforcement. Since the early 2000s, with the hardening of the southern border of Italy and the European Union, a multitude of actors have converged to Lampedusa: from migrants, to agents of enforcement, to NGO personnel, along with journalists, researchers and tourists. In this thesis, I center the experiences of island residents to analyze the daily, lived dimensions of Lampedusa becoming a key site for the externalization of enforcement and the production of a border spectacle depicting “migration crisis.” Employing ethnographic methods and drawing from literature in feminist geopolitics, critical border studies and spatial theory, this approach looks beyond the nation state to discuss the everyday construction of borders and geopolitics. In doing so, I focus on the contested and relational nature of bordering on the island, highlighting some of the contradictions and inconsistencies of discourses and policies rooted in the premise of sudden emergency in the Mediterranean.
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Vidal, Torre Sergi. "Essays on residential trajectories and social ties in the stage of early adulthood." Doctoral thesis, Universitat Pompeu Fabra, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/7248.
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Aquesta tesi doctoral es composa de tres linies de recerca en que s'analitza de forma dinàmica l'associació entre mobilitat residencial / migracions i les relacions social que es troben en el lloc de residència. Les tres recerques s'enmarquen dins del marc teòric del Curs de Vida i es fa us de tècniques d'anàlisi Event-History per analitzar biografies residencials d'adults joves. En la primera recerca s'analitzen l'efecte de l'estructura de la familia extesa (aquella més enllà de la parella i els fills) en la probabilitat de fer un canvi residencial de llarga distancia (més de 50 km) a l'alemanya occidental. En la segona recerca s'analitzen entrades i sortides de la llar parental al Regne Unit. En la tercera recerca s'estudien multiples facetes de la proximitat de les xarxes socials en la propensió d'emigrar en diferents estadis del procés de pressa de decissió.This PhD thesis tackles from an empirical and quantitative perspective the influence of social ties on geographical mobility behavior and decision-making. The dissertation is composed of three lines of research all framed in Life Course theory and taking advantage of Event-History techniques to analyze individual residential biographies of young adults. The first essay deals about the influence of the extended family structure on the probability of long distance mobility (i.e. further than 50 km) in West Germany. The second essay analyses leaves and returns to the parental home in the UK. The third essay sheds light on the multifaceted effect of ties' proximity on migration propensity in the different stages of decision-making and behaviour.
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McKeon, Judith. "Migrating later in life : older Polish migrants in the UK." Thesis, De Montfort University, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/2086/10119.
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Despite the plethora of research on migration, little is known about behaviours and experiences of older working age migrants. This thesis focuses on Polish migrants aged 45-65, who have arrived in the UK since 2004 looking for work and better opportunities. The purpose of the study is to explore links between age and migration by investigating older migrants who are still economically active. Thirty five interviews were carried out across the UK using an oral history qualitative approach. These migrants were particularly affected by redundancy during the transitional period from socialism to capitalism in Poland; they then found it almost impossible to find other work because of their age. The decision to migrate may have been influenced by an early exposure to Western influences; however, it was the impact of unemployment and debt that led to a re-evaluation of their lives. Although they may be at different family stages, these older migrants' shared background and perception of their lack of value has shaped their migration experience. They represent parents, grandparents, sons, daughters, married couples, widows and single persons; this age group gives a more complete and nuanced picture of family life and relationships. The emotional costs are high when families are separated through migration, especially when elderly parents are involved. Despite the wide age range, family experiences are often very similar, with preferences for staying at home and watching Polish television. However, the opportunity of employment in the UK has given them an economic and social value no longer available to them in their homeland. As so much of their life course has been invested in Poland, many see no need to learn English; it is not a priority as they have virtual social interactions with family and friends in Poland and continue to inhabit a Polish-speaking world. This age group are also more likely to be pioneer migrants, accessing new destinations.
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Nerschbach, Verena [Verfasser]. "Weiterführende Diagnostik beim malignen Lymphom des Hundes und der Katze: Auswirkungen auf Stage Migration und prognostische Einschätzung der Erkrankung / Verena Nerschbach." Hannover : Bibliothek der Tierärztlichen Hochschule Hannover, 2014. http://d-nb.info/1065263732/34.
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Cook, Finnie B. "Globalization, Migration and the U.S. Labor Market for Physicians: The Impact of Immigration on Local Wages." [Tampa, Fla] : University of South Florida, 2009. http://purl.fcla.edu/usf/dc/et/SFE0003279.
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Moncrieffe, Marlon Lee. "Examining experiences and perceptions of mass migration and settlement in Britain over the ages : how can this assist teaching and learning in Key Stage 2 history?" Thesis, University of Reading, 2017. http://centaur.reading.ac.uk/72121/.
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The background influences and socialisation of twenty-one White-British and predominantly female trainee-teachers specialising in Key Stage 2 history (trainee teachers) are examined via a semi-structured questionnaire and semi-structured interviews, to understand how they come to their perceptions on the story of Britain’s migrant past and how that frames their practice for teaching and learning via the aims and contents of the Key Stage 2 history curriculum. Short personal narratives and transcribed conversation concerning experiences of migration to the British Isles from an Afro-Caribbean immigrant (my mother) and her British born child (myself) were presented as artefacts to three trainee-teachers for their analysis and evaluation of them as part of a focus group discussion. It was for them to consider the impact of the artefacts on their thinking about the story of migration to the British Isles over the ages for their future professional practice in planning, teaching and learning via the Key Stage 2 curriculum aims and contents. Overall findings from the study indicate that the socialisation of trainee-teachers from multi-ethnic British background influences lead them to discuss their awareness of multiculturalism and cultural diversity within the story of Britain’s migrant past, as opposed to their peers of mono-ethnic White-British background influences and socialisation who produced dominant White-British majoritarian thinking in their considerations. When the idea of viewing the story of Britain’s migrant past via culturally diverse minority-ethnic group accounts are presented (via the artefacts) and planted into the minds of trainee-teachers from mono-ethnic White-British backgrounds and socialisation, they become very much open to the possibilities of using them in their future Key Stage 2 classroom practice. The Key Stage 2 optional unit of study: ‘an aspect or theme in British history that extends pupils’ chronological knowledge beyond 1066 (DfE, 2013a, p.4) is considered by the majority of trainee-teachers as being their least important focus on teaching and learning. This study makes the case the story of Britain’s migrant past concerning cross-cultural and cross-ethnic encounters over the ages can provide trainee-teachers with a clear opportunity to connect that with the optional unit of study. This study emphasises the need for Initial Teacher Education to assist with developing the subject knowledge of trainee-teachers concerning a culturally diverse representation of Britain’s migrant past over the ages.
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Lyncker, Lissa. "Abundance and Distribution of Early Life Stage Blue Crabs (Callinectes sapidus) in Lake Pontchartrain." ScholarWorks@UNO, 2008. http://scholarworks.uno.edu/td/848.
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I conducted a 12-month study of near-shore habitats in Lake Pontchartrain to assess spatiotemporal variation in the abundance of early life stage blue crabs (Callinectes sapidus). Collections were made using a 1 m2 throw trap and data showed that C. sapidus numbers varied over time and among sites. Two recruitment events occurred during the study. During the first recruitment in May-June, C. sapidus entered Lake Pontchartrain via the Inner Harbor Navigational Canal. In September-October, C. sapidus entered the Lake Pontchartrain via the Rigolets and Chef passes. My data suggest that C. sapidus utilize water circulation within the Lake Pontchartrain as a means of transportation throughout the estuary. MODerate-resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS) 250 m data were analyzed to gain a large-scale view of suspended sediments patterns within Lake Pontchartrain and quantify water movement. Field sampling along with remote sensing proved to be beneficial when assessing estuarine-wide C. sapidus post-larval dispersal processes.
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Pippert, John Marvin. "Return migration: socioeconomic determinants for state in- migration." Diss., Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, 1985. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/76474.
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The central concern of this study is to determine the role of return migration in the changing economic and noneconomic determinants of state in-migration. It was hypothesized that the transition from primarily economic to noneconomic determinants of in-migration in the United States in the last decade was directly related to changes in the components of the migration stream itself; that is, that an increasing proportion of return migrants in the in-migration stream contributes to the movement toward noneconomic reasons for migrating.
This study compares the selective characteristics of lifetime and five-year non migrants, and primary, secondary and return migrants using Public Use Sample data for 1960, 1970, and 1980. In addition, it analyzes four economic and six noneconomic determinants of migration for 1970 and 1980 usinq a data set that includes published data on state migration and socioeconomic characteristics.
An analysis of the selectivities of migration has both supported and rejected existing literature. In a comparison of migrants and non migrants, migrants tend to be younger, better educated persons from white collar occupations with higher incomes and smaller households than non migrants. When migrant types are compared, return migrants tend not to be as well off as other migrants socioeconomically. They tend to have lower education, come from blue collar occupations, have larger households, be a little older and have less income than other migrants. The most significant finding is the distinction of five-year from lifetime nonmigrants.
The regression analysis on the determinants of state in-migration reveals that there has been a shift from economic to noneconomic reasons for migrating from 1970 to 1980. In addition, the relative proportion of primary, secondary and return migration has changed over time. Contrary to the hypothesis, however, the trend from economic to noneconomic determinants of migration has not been related to changes in the proportion of return this study points to the relationship migration in the stream. Rather, further research that investigates between secondary migration and the changing determinants of state in-migration.Ph. D.
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Huijsmans, Roy B. C. "Migrating children, households, and the post-socialist state : an ethnographic study of migration and non-migration by children and youth in an ethnic Lao village." Thesis, Durham University, 2010. http://etheses.dur.ac.uk/420/.
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Against a background of processes of rural change that are on the brink of unfolding in the Lao PDR and triggered by capitalist expansion and agendas of regional integration, the rural population has become increasingly mobile. Studies have shown that it is primarily the young population that is involved in migration, and a considerable proportion of these young migrants is below the age of 18 and, therefore, technically of child-age. Through the theoretical lens of rural change these young migrants are depicted as actors of social change who through their involvement in migration rework their own social position but also contribute to wider processes of change. However, young people’s involvement is mostly presented as an issue of human trafficking in which the young migrants are depicted as the victims of processes of capitalist expansion. This study has broken down the binary representation of young migrants as either victims of change or agents of change. Detailed ethnographic accounts have revealed the various structuring relations shaping different forms of migration in which young Lao are involved. It has further illuminated how young villagers, as social actors, subtly negotiate the process of becoming and not becoming a young migrant, and, once at migration destination, exercise agency in the workplace, although often in a constrained manner. These constraints, it is argued, are in part produced by the indigenisation of the modern notion of childhood and global migration discourses. The institutionalisation of a modern childhood contributes to bringing the young population within state spaces, allowing the state to impose itself on this politically important segment of the population for an increasing number of years. However, young people’s involvement in migration undermines these efforts, thereby, contributing to making the political space for addressing the urgent issue of harm in migration, other than by removing minors from migration, a very narrow one.
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Danielson, John Taylor. "Migration, Nationalism, and the Welfare State." Diss., The University of Arizona, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/613316.
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Immigration and its impact on aggregate welfare state preferences and welfare state reform has been the subject of numerous academic and political debates. Despite prolonged attention to these issues, however, empirical research has yielded mixed results concerning what effect, if any, immigration has the structure and generosity of the welfare state. This issue is further exacerbated by the absence of concerted conceptual cross-germination between the various theoretical literatures that examine immigration's effect on various social, economic, and political outcomes, making it difficult to identify the mechanisms through which immigration may shape the welfare state. To address these issues, I draw on social psychological research, theories of the welfare state, research on radical right-wing parties, and case studies from the United States to argue that changes in both the volume and characteristics of immigrants entering Western Europe might: 1) undermine the cross-class alliances necessary for maintaining the welfare state, 2) reduce public support for welfare programs, and 3) provide politicians on the far-right with a symbolic resource that can be used to justify cutting/restructuring welfare state programs believed to benefit immigrants. Empirical examinations of these arguments using a wide range of data sources indicate that immigration may be directly and indirectly related to welfare state spending. With regard to the former, the data indicate that the influx of migrants from less-developed countries into social and Christian democratic countries has contributed to rising program demand and corresponding increases in expenditures on more reactive welfare state programs (i.e., unemployment benefits). With regard to the indirect impact of immigration on the welfare state, analyses of voting and public opinion data demonstrate that changes in immigration have contributed to the electoral success of predominantly neoliberal, far-right, nationalist parties and contributed to rising levels of anti-immigrant sentiment over time. These factors, in turn, resulted in: 1) declines in popular support for those social and Christian democratic parties that are dedicated to the maintenance and/or expansion of the welfare state, and 2) reductions in average levels of support for welfare state programs designed to address issues of unemployment, making the welfare state more vulnerable to future retrenchment.
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Younis, Abuelhassan Elshazly [Verfasser], and Norbert [Akademischer Betreuer] Brattig. "Identification and characterization of secreted stage-related proteins from the nematode Strongyloides ratti with putative relevance for parasite-host relationship : small heat shock proteins 17 and a homologue of the macrophage migration inhibitory factor / Abuelhassan Elshazly Younis. Betreuer: Norbert Brattig." Hamburg : Staats- und Universitätsbibliothek Hamburg, 2011. http://d-nb.info/1020457163/34.
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Yu, Xue Qin. "Comparing survival from cancer using population-based cancer registry data - methods and applications." University of Sydney, 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/2123/1774.
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Doctor of PhilosophyOver the past decade, population-based cancer registry data have been used increasingly worldwide to evaluate and improve the quality of cancer care. The utility of the conclusions from such studies relies heavily on the data quality and the methods used to analyse the data. Interpretation of comparative survival from such data, examining either temporal trends or geographical differences, is generally not easy. The observed differences could be due to methodological and statistical approaches or to real effects. For example, geographical differences in cancer survival could be due to a number of real factors, including access to primary health care, the availability of diagnostic and treatment facilities and the treatment actually given, or to artefact, such as lead-time bias, stage migration, sampling error or measurement error. Likewise, a temporal increase in survival could be the result of earlier diagnosis and improved treatment of cancer; it could also be due to artefact after the introduction of screening programs (adding lead time), changes in the definition of cancer, stage migration or several of these factors, producing both real and artefactual trends. In this thesis, I report methods that I modified and applied, some technical issues in the use of such data, and an analysis of data from the State of New South Wales (NSW), Australia, illustrating their use in evaluating and potentially improving the quality of cancer care, showing how data quality might affect the conclusions of such analyses. This thesis describes studies of comparative survival based on population-based cancer registry data, with three published papers and one accepted manuscript (subject to minor revision). In the first paper, I describe a modified method for estimating spatial variation in cancer survival using empirical Bayes methods (which was published in Cancer Causes and Control 2004). I demonstrate in this paper that the empirical Bayes method is preferable to standard approaches and show how it can be used to identify cancer types where a focus on reducing area differentials in survival might lead to important gains in survival. In the second paper (published in the European Journal of Cancer 2005), I apply this method to a more complete analysis of spatial variation in survival from colorectal cancer in NSW and show that estimates of spatial variation in colorectal cancer can help to identify subgroups of patients for whom better application of treatment guidelines could improve outcome. I also show how estimates of the numbers of lives that could be extended might assist in setting priorities for treatment improvement. In the third paper, I examine time trends in survival from 28 cancers in NSW between 1980 and 1996 (published in the International Journal of Cancer 2006) and conclude that for many cancers, falls in excess deaths in NSW from 1980 to 1996 are unlikely to be attributable to earlier diagnosis or stage migration; thus, advances in cancer treatment have probably contributed to them. In the accepted manuscript, I described an extension of the work reported in the second paper, investigating the accuracy of staging information recorded in the registry database and assessing the impact of error in its measurement on estimates of spatial variation in survival from colorectal cancer. The results indicate that misclassified registry stage can have an important impact on estimates of spatial variation in stage-specific survival from colorectal cancer. Thus, if cancer registry data are to be used effectively in evaluating and improving cancer care, the quality of stage data might have to be improved. Taken together, the four papers show that creative, informed use of population-based cancer registry data, with appropriate statistical methods and acknowledgement of the limitations of the data, can be a valuable tool for evaluating and possibly improving cancer care. Use of these findings to stimulate evaluation of the quality of cancer care should enhance the value of the investment in cancer registries. They should also stimulate improvement in the quality of cancer registry data, particularly that on stage at diagnosis. The methods developed in this thesis may also be used to improve estimation of geographical variation in other count-based health measures when the available data are sparse.
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Esmaeili, Pourfarhangi Kamyar. "Movie1: MTLn3 cell switching from Migration to Invadopodia state." Diss., Temple University Libraries, 2019. http://cdm16002.contentdm.oclc.org/cdm/ref/collection/p245801coll10/id/584756.
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Bioengineering;Ph.D.;
Metastasis is the leading cause of death among cancer patients. The metastatic cascade, during which cancer cells from the primary tumor reach a distant organ and form multiple secondary tumors, consists of a series of events starting with cancer cells invasion through the surrounding tissue of the primary tumor. Invading cells may perform proteolytic degradation of the surrounding extracellular matrix (ECM) and directed migration in order to disseminate through the tissue. Both of the mentioned processes are profoundly affected by several parameters originating from the tumor microenvironment (extrinsic) and tumor cells themselves (intrinsic). However, due to the complexity of the invasion process and heterogeneity of the tumor tissue, the exact effect of many of these parameters are yet to be elucidated. ECM proteolysis is widely performed by cancer cells to facilitate the invasion process through the dense and highly cross-linked tumor tissue. It has been shown in vivo that the proteolytic activity of the cancer cells correlates with the cross-linking level of their surrounding ECM. Therefore, the first part of this thesis seeks to understand how ECM cross-linking regulates cancer cells proteolytic activity. This chapter first quantitatively characterizes the correlation between ECM cross-linking and the dynamics of cancer cells proteolytic activity and then identifies ß1-integrin subunit as a master regulator of this process. Once cancer cells degrade their immediate ECM, they directionally migrate through it. Bundles of aligned collagen fibers and gradients of soluble growth factors are two well-known cues of directed migration that are abundantly present in tumor tissues stimulating contact guidance and chemotaxis, respectively. While such cues direct the cells towards a specific direction, they are also known to stimulate cell cycle progression. Moreover, due to the complexity of the tumor tissue, cells may be exposed to both cues simultaneously, and this co-stimulation may happen in the same or different directions. Hence, in the next two chapters of this thesis, the effect of cell cycle progression and contact guidance-chemotaxis dual-cue environments on directional migration of invading cells are assessed. First, we show that cell cycle progression affects contact guidance and not random motility of the cells. Next, we show how exposure of cancer cells to contact guidance-chemotaxis dual-cue environments can improve distinctive aspects of cancer invasion depending on the spatial conformation of the two cues. In this dissertation, we strive to achieve the defined milestones by developing novel mathematical and experimental models of cancer invasion as well as utilizing fluorescent time-lapse microscopy and automated image and signal processing techniques. The results of this study improve our knowledge about the role of the studied extrinsic and intrinsic cues in cancer invasion.
Temple University--Theses
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Ткачова, Наталія Миколаївна, Наталья Николаевна Ткачева, Nataliya Tkachova, Олена Олександрівна Казанська, Елена Александровна Казанская, and Olena Kazanska. "Providing national security in conditions European and Euro-Аtlantic course of Ukraine." Thesis, Baltija Publishing, Riga, Latvia, 2020. http://er.nau.edu.ua/handle/NAU/43694.
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The process of formation and implementation of the national security state policy currently is one of the most acute issue in Ukraine. Modern realities of Ukraine’s existence as an independent state require, within the framework of the national security policy implementation, to take into account the country's request to realize national interests in all spheres of society's life. Nowadays, the country faces intensification of the unregulated (illegal) migration processes and the lack of an effective state regulation system of migration processes, which constitute a direct threat to the country national security, promote the criminalization growth and the organized criminal groups’ formation, and contribute to the social tension exacerbation in society. The bodies of the State Migration Service of Ukraine face with an urgent need for a more profound migration perception as a socio- economic phenomenon and an active search for qualitatively new approaches to migration policy formation and control over population territorial movements.
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Chang, Stephanie S. "Mechanosensing of Substrate Dimension and Migration State in Adherent Cells." Research Showcase @ CMU, 2015. http://repository.cmu.edu/dissertations/646.
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The behavior of adherent cells is known to be affected by both chemical signals and physical cues in the extracellular environment, including substrate topography and rigidity. The process of sensing physical features and converting them to intracellular signals is believed to rely on the formation of adhesion structures and the generation of actomyosin-based traction forces. Equally important is signaling in the reverse direction, as internal cellular activities regulate mechanical output to the extracellular environment. This thesis explores how substrate dimension and migration state are monitored by adherent cells and how they affect cell behavior.
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Johnson, Patricia Ann. "The status of freshwater compensatory wetland migration in Washington State." Online pdf file accessible through the World Wide Web, 2004. http://archives.evergreen.edu/masterstheses/Accession86-10MES/Johnson_PAMESThesis2004.pdf.
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Kauppinen, Ilpo [Verfasser], and Panu [Akademischer Betreuer] Poutvaara. "International migration and the welfare state / Ilpo Kauppinen. Betreuer: Panu Poutvaara." München : Universitätsbibliothek der Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität, 2015. http://d-nb.info/1081628790/34.
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So, Chin-Hung. "Economic development, state control, and labour migration of women in China." Thesis, University of Sussex, 1997. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.361403.
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Montoya, Díaz Miguel. "Persistent peasants : smallholders, state agencies and involuntary migration in western Venezuela /." Stockholm : Department of social anthropology, Stockholm university, 1996. http://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb37564914k.
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Fink, Alexandra [Verfasser], and Joachim [Akademischer Betreuer] Rädler. "Cell-migration in two-state micropatterns / Alexandra Fink ; Betreuer: Joachim Rädler." München : Universitätsbibliothek der Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität, 2020. http://d-nb.info/1213658853/34.
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Estrada, Josué Quezada. "Texas Mexican diaspora to Washington State : recruitment, migration, and community, 1940-1960." Online access for everyone, 2007. http://www.dissertations.wsu.edu/Thesis/Spring2007/j_estrada_050507.pdf.
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Gross, Bernhard. "The state of the nation : television news and the politics of migration." Thesis, Cardiff University, 2011. http://orca.cf.ac.uk/25194/.
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The State of the Nation investigates discourses of British nationhood by analysing the coverage of migration on UK public service television news bulletins. These bulletins embody discourses of the national on a structural level through their public service remit and their position in the programme schedule. They also evoke the nation in and through their content—in particular in the context of the coverage of migration. The central line of enquiry of this thesis is focussed on the potentially problematic consequences of the interrelation of discourses of migration with discourses of the nation. That this is a question of how they interrelate rather than whether rests on three theoretical assumptions: discourses of nation represent a form of identification; identification is the outcome of encounter with and potentially exclusion of the Other; migration is a discourse of encounter. Two further assumptions relate to the current historical moment and the news coverage under analysis: discourses of the nation have increasingly come under pressure; and yet, public discourses do not fully recognise or even acknowledge this, instead insist on the nation‟s continued unchanged relevance. The key question is: Under what contingencies is migration positioned as an excluded Other in relation to theses imagined community discourses? The thesis relates these issues to wider questions about the possibility for a cosmopolitan ethic. It theorises that certain logics of narrow nationality are a key determinants, but have to be understood as variable rather than as constant. The first two chapters of section 1 develop these key theoretical assumptions as well as some methodological concerns. The third chapter provides some topical context and background for the main data set: material collected during six months of media monitoring in 2006 on three news bulletins with a public service remit. The data is analysed in section 2 across three case studies. The first considers so-called illegal migration in relation to questions of space, attempting to trace the boundaries of the nation. The second moves from the boundary to the inside of the nation and looks at the changing nature of citizenship. The third case study focuses on the conditions under which journalists and migrants encounter each other.
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Van, Hoyweghen Saskia Vera Armand. "Migration and the nation-state : the case of displaced Rwandans in Tanzania." Thesis, University of Leeds, 2004. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.406892.
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Hoffmann, Sophia. "Disciplining movement : state sovereignty in the context of Iraqi migration to Syria." Thesis, SOAS, University of London, 2011. http://eprints.soas.ac.uk/14571/.
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In most academic writing on state sovereignty, it is considered as a special, abstract form of independent power. This thesis considers sovereignty from a historical and anthropological perspective, arguing that it is a certain form of social and political organisation through which the state's power is performed and maintained as natural. This organisation and maintenance rests on particular, powerful ideas, for example on the assumed unity of territory, government and population, and on certain values about what constitutes politics and a fulfilled human life. By analysing the management of Iraqi migrants in Damascus through state and humanitarian institutions, this thesis shows the daily-life bureaucratic and violent practices through which state sovereignty became a reality in this context. The analysis emphasises that state sovereignty exists as an imagined 'ideal', as reflected in international law or world maps, and as a much more complex, context-dependant, lived reality. The differences between the way that humanitarian agencies considered Iraqi migrants from the perspective of the 'ideal', and the way Syrian state institutions governed Iraqi migrants according to very different standards, highlighted this distinction. Methodologically, this thesis calls for, and attempts to provide, a hermeneutic approach to social inquiry, in which empirical evidence underpins arguments about theory. Ethnography and interviews in Syria were used to collect in-depth information about the lives of Iraqi migrants, and the interventions and programmes through which Iraqi migration was being managed, in 2009 and 2010.
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Morris, Nathaniel Joseph. "Towards the Implementation of an Energy Saving App State Migration Technique (ASMT)." The Ohio State University, 2014. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1408571896.
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Mack, Natasha. "Going modern: Circular migration, state aid, and female gender ideologies in Martinique." Diss., The University of Arizona, 2004. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/290040.
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This research project set in the ethnographic context of Martinique features two levels of analysis. At the level of cultural case study, I analyze how circular migration to France (and back) and access to the French welfare system are articulating with female gender ideologies of Martiniquan women. I argue that migration has led migrant women to develop new gender ideologies, but these do not replace their previous ones. Instead, the new ideologies become part of a repertoire and are utilized as befits the cultural context. Gender ideology transformation does not occur. I also demonstrate that a current ideology common to migrants and nonmigrants of a particular age range expresses the "voice" of French state rhetoric dating to the period of intense state-orchestrated migration. Criteria for access to French welfare are shown to be reinforcing among low-income women a "traditional" gender ideology associated with the subordination of women to men. However, I also demonstrate that low-income women are also using the aid in strategic ways to better their lives as part of a pan-Martiniquan ideology advocating creative survival methods. Because these survival strategies are not acceptable to middle class women, class positioning emerges as divisive for a common vision of the modern Martiniquan woman. At the level of language and ideology, I analyze key words that were salient in women's interview speech and that are indexical of female gender ideologies. These words are soumise (submissive), evoluee (evolved), poto mitan (central pillar), and se debrouiller (to manage on one's own). Women's predictable, patterned use of these indexical words in association with particular interpretive frameworks allows both interlocutors to know which ideology to evoke when evaluating a given "kind" of woman. I demonstrate that contradictory ideologies are able to coexist because women use them in conjunction with distinct, rarely overlapping interpretive frameworks. They also coexist because gender ideologies are applied to and by particular women according to women's positioning in society, especially based on age, class, and migration status. I suggest that the rare sites of articulated conflict present an opportunity for ideological innovation that could promote a less subordinate modern Martiniquan woman.
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He, Jian. "Differential migrations in a post-industrial state: Ohio, 1980-1990 /." The Ohio State University, 1994. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1487850665559903.
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Hyuwa, B. A. "The impact of rural-urban migration : A case study in Kaduna State, Nigeria." Thesis, University of East Anglia, 1986. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.372208.
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Dowdell, Edward Alan 1966. "Technology migration and disruption : a case study of the solid state lighting industry." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2003. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/29743.
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Thesis (M.B.A.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Sloan School of Management, 2003.Includes bibliographical references (p. 106-107).
Geneticists study fruit flies due to their rapid lifecycles. Therefore, it follows that those interested in disruptive innovation study technologies with fast moving clock speeds. The pace of technology in solid state lighting (SSL) is an excellent subject for that purpose. Wherever one looks today, this technology, which has actually been with us since the early 1960's, is quickly affecting our lives. New traffic signals, architectural lighting solutions, theater lighting and even lights in our local restaurants are now cool, efficient and pleasing to the eye. This thesis is intended to establish the state of the art of SSL and to provide a palette for future scenarios and ways to navigate the coming changes. The crux of the discussion is to provide considerations for managers faced with rapidly evolving technologies. Two richly detailed scenarios for the future of SSL are presented. After an analysis of the industry, a template for resolving a product portfolio with explicit examples is developed. Using those possible products as a launching platform, basic foundations of several possible business plans lay the groundwork for the next steps of a firm considering entry into the SSL industry. Finally, lessons for managers participating in rapidly innovating industries are discussed.
by Edward Alan Dowdell.
M.B.A.
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Iskander, Natasha N. (Natasha Nefertiti) 1972. "Innovating government : migration, development and the state in Morocco and Mexico, 1963-2005." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2006. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/34146.
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Thesis (Ph. D.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Sloan School of Management, 2006.Includes bibliographical references (p. 421-448).
Mexico and Morocco have some of the longest standing and most advanced policies linking the emigration of their low-skilled workers to their national and sub-national economic development. In my dissertation, I examine the processes through which the governments of both countries designed the migration and development policies now being emulated by sending countries around the world as models of "best practice." Based on multi-sited longitudinal case studies of the main migration and development policies deployed by both countries, I follow current policy instruments back through their earlier - including failed -- iterations as well as through the multiple geographic and national spaces in both migration sending and receiving areas where those policies were implemented. I argue that Moroccan and Mexican processes of migration and development policy elaboration suggest a need to re-consider the purchase of current models of policy formulation. Most representations of policy design depict a process best described as analytic. Policy makers analyze a problem, identify solutions, and then evaluate their effectiveness. However, the Moroccan and Mexican experiences with crafting migration and development policy, with all of their messy indeterminacy, illustrate a process that was essentially interpretive in character.
(cont.) Policy makers were acting in social and economic contexts that were constantly shifting, that were incessantly being remolded by massive migration patters - and that were, as a result, unintelligible to policy makers and extremely resistant to straightforward analysis. Policy makers engaged migrant and migration communities in interpretative processes through which they generated new meanings, constructed new identities, and forged new relationships, in an effort to make sense of the mutable field in which they endeavored to act. Those insights and connections served as the basis for the new institutions that would come to be regarded as major policy breakthroughs. The institutions provided structures through which the state, migrants, and their communities could re-envision local and national development in an on-going manner and could generate new conceptual and institutional innovations. Stated differently, they built institutional spaces for continuous state learning and innovation.
by Natasha N. Iskander.
Ph.D.
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McGuire, Darren Alexander. "The legitimacy of NGO labour migration advocacy work with the state under neoliberalism." Thesis, University of Strathclyde, 2014. http://oleg.lib.strath.ac.uk:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=24368.
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Against a backdrop of an increasingly globalised capitalism, the great recession and a new State administration, this empirical study brings together literature on NGO legitimacy, the State, and neoliberalism to examine the legitimacy of labour migration advocacy work in non-governmental organisations. Based on interviews with 39 people, the research examines the work between two large international development charities, two medium-sized organisations and the British State. From the perspectives of managers and managing directors across the organisations, the study highlights new legitimacy practices that have developed as a result of working with a different administration. Yet only by considering the nature of legitimacy and understanding why it is now more of a vital feature than before, in the interaction between organisation and State, can this research raise deeper advocacy questions about the role of the State in labour migration advocacy work in NGOs. The multi-layered conceptual framework of the thesis is brought together to examine the legitimacy of advocacy work in a neoliberal political economy, where the State is the key actor and is bound by a realist social ontology. The interest in Karl Marx and Ralph Miliband stems from the belief that access to the economy is a key way to improve other important aspects of life.
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Smith, Nina Sophie Overney. "Foreigners and the Bio-Political State: Case Studies of Hungarian and Bosnian Refugees in Switzerland." Thesis, Virginia Tech, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/42775.
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In modern societies foreigners are implicated in the resolution of the problem of state sovereignty. This paper clarifies how foreign groups can be used by the state to reconstitute the nation in such a way that vulnerabilities are mended. Michel Foucaultâ s racism and bio-politics are used as conceptual tools to gain insight on how the perpetually open question of who belongs and who does not belong to the population might be settled. This theoretical problem is illustrated with the help of case studies on two significant â crisis momentsâ for the Swiss state: the arrival of the Hungarian refugees in the late 1950s and the arrival of the Bosnian refugees in the early to mid 1990s.Master of Arts
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Gray, Andrea Rebecca. "Supper on the Trail: How Food and Provisions Shaped Nineteenth-Century Westward Migration." NCSU, 2008. http://www.lib.ncsu.edu/theses/available/etd-05092008-134048/.
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Between the late 1830s and the 1860s, over 350,000 men, women, and children traveled overland along the Oregon and California Trails to the American West. Using primary sources including narratives, diaries, journals, reports, and letters, one discovers that obtaining food was perhaps the most critical concern for westward migrants. That overlanders and their animals had to eat is nothing new or alarming, but their need for food did carry many unexpected implications. Food connected migrants to the land, and in turn the land connected people to each other through competition over resources such as water, grass, and timber. Through their primary role as cooks, womenâs experiences of the trail centered around the preparation of food. Native Americans and white migrants interacted peaceably by sharing or trading food, while competition over natural resources at the same time strained relations and devastated many western tribes whose land was ravaged by the train of migrants. Food influenced the timing and routes of travel, the health and mood of travelers, and the economic and physical status of settlers upon arrival in the West. The overlandersâ need for nourishment serves as the framework for understanding how provisions helped determine the overall experience of westward travel and reveals that food shaped mid-nineteenth-century westward migration.
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Zhang, Qian. "Pastoralists and the Environmental State : A study of ecological resettlement in Inner Mongolia, China." Doctoral thesis, Stockholms universitet, Kulturgeografiska institutionen, 2015. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:su:diva-115316.
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China's quest for sustainable development has given birth to a set of contested ‘ecological construction’ programmes. Focusing on ‘ecological resettlement’, a type of policy measure in a programme for restoring degraded grasslands, this thesis sets out a critical analysis in opposition to the dominant technical and managerial approaches to understanding environmentalisation. The aim is to draw out the politics of the formulation, implementation and effects of ecological resettlement at and across different scales. The study combines fieldwork, interviews, analysis of policy documents, and statistical analysis while theoretically, in addition to political ecology, it incorporates concepts and models from environmental governance, migration, and pastoralism studies. Environmentalisation is examined through three types of analysis: environmentalisation of the state, reshaping of state-society relations, and (re)territorialisation. A central theme is how local processes are linked to national considerations and how the local state acts as an intermediary between the central state and the pastoralists. The analysis exposes the practices that enabled the central state to define the problem of grasslands and devise interventions, illustrating the environmentalisation of the state. However, at the local level, incentives and interests defined by the political structure drove the developmental local state to pursue short-term-effective rather than sustainable practices. On the other hand, while the pastoral households responded to the projects with different strategies, their migration decisions suggested that social, economic and cultural considerations played a more important role than environmental concerns. Moreover, ecological resettlement has led to a significant change of Mongolian pastoralism. Land-tenure-based management further fragmented rangelands while the emergence of new social arrangements enabled migrant households to remain involved with pastoralism.
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Wignell, Valentina. "Security Representations in Environmental Migration Policy : A Policy Analysis on Environmental Migration Policy in Central America from a Human and State Security Perspective." Thesis, Uppsala universitet, Statsvetenskapliga institutionen, 2020. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-412840.
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The main objective of this study is to analyse problem representations within national and multilateral policy concerning environmental migration in Central America. The study mainly focuses on Mexico and Costa Rica’s national legal frameworks regarding environmental migration but also draws on bilateral as well as multilateral agreements ratified by the countries. In a two-step analysis, the perspectives of human security and state security are used to identify key representations, followed by an application of Bacchi’s (2016) post-structural policy analysis tool ‘What is the problem represented to be?’, allowing for an understanding of environmental migration policy in a wider context. The results of the study show how human security characteristics are most prevalent within environmental migration policy, albeit acknowledging the implicit prevalence of state security characteristics. The study makes attributions to the understanding of the discourse and conceptualisation concerning environmental migration and recommends further studies on efficient interlinkages between human and state security-oriented policies.
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Gerber, David. "Morphometric determination of endometrial leukocyte migration during different stages of the equine oestrous cycle." Diss., Electronic thesis, 2006. http://upetd.up.ac.za/thesis/available/etd-05272008-132947/.
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Silva, Martins David Manuel. "Combined theoretical and experimental studies of proton migration and transfer in the solid state." Thesis, University of Edinburgh, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/1842/4341.
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Hydrogen bonds are of great interest in the solid state due to their importance in structural, functional and dynamical properties of chemical systems. Moderate hydrogen bonds have been linked with proton transfer, whereas the short, strong hydrogen bonds enable proton migration. Previous work in our group on relatively simple hydrogen bonded adducts relied on the combination of ab initio computational modelling (molecular dynamics) with variable temperature diffraction results (X-ray and neutron). These demonstrated that the interplay of these techniques was successful in studying the phenomena of proton transfer and migration. The present work follows on from that, and focuses on the effects of temperature and pressure on proton transfer and migration using both experimental and computational methods. The systems studied continue to encapsulate adducts with N…O and O…O hydrogen bonds. The study of the adduct formed between squaric acid and 4,4’-bipyridine was found to exhibit proton transfer associated with a single-crystal to single-crystal phase transition at 450 K that is coupled to a colour change (yellow to red). X-ray and neutron diffraction initially revealed the heavy atom structure and secondly the location of the hydrogen atoms along the moderate N…O hydrogen bond (ca. 2.6 Å). Computational modelling supported this and deduced the reason for the striking colour change. Pressure studies also determined that the adduct underwent two phase-transitions with a similar colour change, indicating that proton transfer is also a factor here, but with powder patterns different from the high temperature form, indicating that further polymorphs for this interesting system must exist. In an attempt to lower the temperature at which proton transfer would occur the base was changed to one of a more basic nature, i.e. co-crystallisation of squaric acid and 2,2’-dimethyl–4,4’-bipyridine was pursued. This lead to the formation of two red crystals that were found to posses the base doubly protonated at all temperatures studied (from 300 K to 100 K). The adduct of N,N-dimethylurea with phosphoric acid was obtained from a systematic study designed to follow the success of a previously reported system that showed proton migration (the adduct of urea and phosphoric acid). The new material was found to crystallise as the 2:1 adduct and maintained the short, strong hydrogen bonds characteristic of the parent structure. As part of the systematic approach undertaken throughout the research presented here, co-crystallisation of a combination of acids and bases were attempted in order to synthesise new materials containing short, strong hydrogen bonds. These yielded the adducts between oxalic acid and 2,2’-dimethyl-4,4’-bipyridine, and oxamic acid and 4,4’-bipyridine. In addition to these adducts some compounds ended up reacting to create new ones, e.g. the fusing of dimethyl urea and squaric acid to give N-(2-hydroxycyclobutene-3,4-dione)-N’,N’-dimethylurea and N-(2- hydroxycyclobutene-3,4-dione)-N,N'-dimethylurea, while a new polymorphs of one of the precursors on its own was also obtained (N,N’-dimethylurea). The resulting co-crystallisations did not all follow the design quite as intended. They did, however, yield interesting new structures, some of which have the potential to be proton migration and transfer systems.
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Lu, Chien-yi. "Harmonization of migration policies in the European Union : a state-centric or institutionalist explanation? /." Digital version accessible at:, 1998. http://wwwlib.umi.com/cr/utexas/main.
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Okiri, Okeyim Matthew. "The state and migration of Nigerians into the European Union to live in Spain." Doctoral thesis, Universidad de Alicante, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/10045/28375.
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Taki, Tomonori. "Globalisation, labour migration and state transformation in Japan : the language barrier and resilience of the Japanese state in the 1990s." Thesis, University of Warwick, 2003. http://wrap.warwick.ac.uk/1264/.
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This study aims to ask whether the Japanese state was capable of responding to a challenge from international labour migration as a force of globalisation. and to consider the significance of the subsequent change in the relation between state transformation and the realisation of social justice within the context of globalisation. The focal point of the study is Japan's criminal justice system in the 1990s, with particular attention to the `language barrier', namely legal and political problems that affect foreigners and state officials. The study analyses how the language barrier emerged in Japan, how it influenced the state, and how state and civil society actors reacted to address the problem. This theoretical and empirical study in International Relations and International Political Economy takes an interdisciplinary approach, drawing insights from Sociology and Gender Studies concerning international labour migration. Documentary research on secondary and tertiary documents of Japan's state and civil society actors has been complemented by sixteen semi-structured interviews with those who were involved in the process of tackling the language barrier. The study argues that, by introducing judicial interpreters over the decade and with inputs from civil society actors, the Japanese state was able to reduce the extent of constraints posed by the language barrier on its ability to control crime. This indicates that an internal sector of the Japanese state that is in charge of political matters, namely law enforcement, has been able to largely solve the challenge of the language barrier, which is a manifestation of international economic force. This study thus counters the claim of the Hyperglobalist thesis of globalisation concerning loss or decline in capability of the state, and extends the plausibility of the Transformationalist thesis in terms of geographical area and the issues analysed.
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McGrew, Charles E. "EDUCATION POLICIES AND MIGRATION REALITIES: UTILIZING A STATE LONGITUDINAL DATA SYSTEM TO UNDERSTAND THE DYNAMICS OF MIGRATION CHOICES FOR COLLEGE GRADUATES FROM APPALACHIAN KENTUCKY." UKnowledge, 2013. http://uknowledge.uky.edu/epe_etds/5.
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Census data indicates people with higher levels of education are leaving Appalachian Kentucky as they do in other rural areas. Aside from anecdotal information and primarily qualitative community studies, there is little quantitative evidence of the factors which may influence these migration decisions. State policies and regional efforts to increase educational attainment of people in the region have focused on producing more college degrees however may be contributing to the out-migration of those with higher levels of education. The study incorporates community level data with demographic, academic, and employment data from a cohort of 2005-06 college graduates from Appalachian Kentucky. The study includes an analysis of migration rates for a variety of different types of graduates and a set of three complimentary logistic regression models developed to understand the impact of individual demographic and academic factors, factors about the communities where these graduates came from, and the factors related to the communities where they went after completing their degrees and credentials to predict likelihood of migrating. This study builds upon previous efforts by providing extensive, externally validated data about a large population of individuals. It leverages sociological, demographic, and neoclassical microeconomic research methods and leverages data from Kentucky's statewide longitudinal data system to serve as an illustration for how these systems can be used for complex statistical analyses.
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Grewcock, Michael Law Faculty of Law UNSW. "Crimes of exclusion: the Australian state???s responses to unauthorised migrants." Awarded by:University of New South Wales. School of Law, 2007. http://handle.unsw.edu.au/1959.4/31445.
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This thesis provides a criminological perspective on the Australian state???s responses to unauthorised migrants. In particular, it attempts to build on recent criminological literature on state crime by contrasting the alleged deviance of unauthorised migrants with the organised and deviant human rights abuses perpetrated by the Australian state. The main argument of the thesis is that through the systematic alienation, criminalisation and abuse of unauthorised migrants, particularly refugees, the Australian state is engaged in state crime. While this can partly be measured by breaches of international humanitarian law, the acts in question are criminal according to the broader sociological understanding of state crime as ???state organisational deviance involving the violation of human rights???. The thesis develops this argument by locating the phenomena of forced and illicit migration within an increasingly globalised world economy in which the needs for international human migration are confronted by the restrictive migration policies of the dominant Western states. In this context, the Australian state has played a pivotal role in the development of three major Western exclusion zones, which are designed to contain unauthorised migrants in the developing world and are enforced by measures that systematically abuse human rights. The fundamental criminological dynamic of the Australian exclusion zone is its systematic assault on the movements and by definition, the rights, of forced migrants. This operates at a number of levels: unauthorised arrivals are alienated by their lack of legal status; they are denied access to a full refugee determination process; their status as refugees is subordinated to that of the resettled refugee; their experiences are denied and delegitimised through their construction as queue jumpers; they are criminalised through their participation in smuggling enterprises; they are punished and abused through the use of detention, dispersal and forced removal; and they are put at greater personal risk by the measures employed to enforce the zone. The thesis traces the development of this zone from the formation of the white Australia policy through to the Pacific Solution and critically analyses the ways in which current policy draws on and reinforces the exclusionist traditions of Australian nationalism.
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Cohen, Nir. "State, Migrants and the Production of Extra-Territorial Spaces: Negotiating Israeli Citizenship in the Diaspora." Diss., The University of Arizona, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/195529.
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The current research examines the relationship between the Israeli state and its migrant community in the United States. It argues that under conditions of accelerated globalization, the Israeli state has sought to reach out and re-territorialize its migrants' identities in order to strengthen their territory-based Israeli identity and, ultimately, return them to Israel. Focusing on the role played by cultural practices in the process of reterritorialization - which takes place in newly created extra-territorial spaces - it argues that a new type of transnational contract, namely diasporic citizenship has emerged that defines the relationship between the state and its citizens abroad. Cultural practices from above (state-produced) re-assert migrants' identities as national subjects and include them in the expanding incorporation regime of the Israeli state. At the same time, cultural practices from below (migrants'-produced) have been instrumental in their quest to (re)- imagine themselves as part of a trans-territorial Israeli nation. The research uses the Israel Independence Day Festival in Los Angeles to examine the extent to which it has become an extra-territorial space where state officials and migrants negotiate their often conflicting notions of Israeli culture, identity, and citizenship. It is this continuous process of negotiation, the research concludes that (re)-produces new types of affiliations between the state and its subjects overseas
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Chabala, Mwila. "Privatization of State Owned Enterprises: An Analysis of Impact on Regional Migration Patterns in Zambia Between 1990-2000." Thesis, Umeå universitet, Kulturgeografi, 2014. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:umu:diva-89741.
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Throughout history, migration has been an ongoing phenomenon driven by various factors ranging from social, political, economic and environmental situations. Zambia is not immune to migration and has seen a considerable share of its population engage in both internal and external migratory activities. Recognising the important role that migration plays in any economy and how it is influenced by circumstances prevailing at different points in time, this thesis seeks to analyse migration flows between Zambia's regions and the impact that privatisation of state owned enterprises had on migration patterns between 1990 and 2000. Because of challenges in gathering statistics to conduct a thorough quantitative analysis, the study employs a descriptive methodology using statistics collected from the Central Statistics Office online data catalogue and institutions such as the World Bank. The statistics are organised, calculated and analysed using Microsoft Excel and GIS Arcmap. The results indicate that soon after privatisation began in 1991, there was a sharp reduction in employment figures and a reduction in the proportion of urban population. The proportion of rural destined migrants was 2.3 times higher than that of urban destined migrants during the period of privatisation, an indication that people were leaving urban areas for rural areas. Return migration also rose, however, the country experienced both urbanisation and counter urbanisation during the period 1990-2000. Findings of this study show similarities to Beauchemin & Schoumaker's (2006) findings in Burkina Faso were changes in migration patterns were observed after the economy underwent structural change in the 1980's.
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Kjälled, Emiel. "‘Operation Sovereign Borders’ : An examination of state sovereignty, non-refoulement andextraterritorial migration controls at sea." Thesis, Örebro universitet, Institutionen för juridik, psykologi och socialt arbete, 2017. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:oru:diva-61278.
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Patsyurko, Nataliya. "Circumventing the state : illegal labour migration from Ukraine as a strategy within the informal economy." Thesis, McGill University, 2008. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=115615.
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This thesis examines labour migration as an outcome of the interaction between the state and the informal economy, by considering the trends of contemporary labour migration from Ukraine to Southern Europe. It contends that in both the sending and receiving countries, migration policies either disregard or severely limit labour migration, while their informal economies facilitate the development of migration. This basic contradiction sustains migration flows over time. The main argument of the thesis is that migration develops within the system of interacting informal economies. I demonstrate the embeddedness of migration in the informal economy by using the case of Ukrainian migration to Italy.The role of the informal economy in the development of migration is examined across several dimensions. First, I argue that the recent labour migration from Ukraine emerged as a strategy of the informal economy, continuing the previous strategies of cross-border trading and short-term migration to Central Europe. These economic practices were the innovative responses of the population to the decline of the state economy and to the absence of economic reforms. Migration developed in the space between the state and the market economy.
Second, the flows of labour migration were 'invisible' to states, and developed outside state control and regulation. This thesis demonstrates that the migration policies of the Ukrainian state disregarded the process of out-migration of Ukrainian citizens. Similarly, Italian immigration policies did not recognise the existing flows of labour migration. The informal economy of the receiving state resolved the contradiction between the economic demand for migrant workers and restrictive migration policies and enabled access to the receiving economy.
However, access to the receiving labour market through the informal economy contributed to the disadvantaged incorporation of migrants and prevented their integration into the receiving society. The analysis of economic incorporation demonstrates that the informal economy channelled Ukrainian migrants to the secondary labour market with low earnings, a lack of benefits, and no possibility of professional advancement. The mode of access to the receiving economy and the resulting illegality heavily influenced the position of Ukrainian migrants in the labour market.
Finally, the analysis of Ukrainian labour migration to Italy demonstrates that alternative migration-facilitating institutions were developed in the absence of the state recognition of labour migration. These institutions paralleled the institutions of the official labour markets and allowed migrants to implement income-generating projects. In addition, migration was facilitated by the supporting institutions of the receiving society, which counteracted the restrictive immigration laws and political controls on migration. The migration-supporting institutions were predicated on the strategies of circumventing state control which developed from participation in the informal economy of the sending country. Labour migration from the former Soviet Union would not be possible without these informal practices and the culture of avoiding state control in economic activities.
The proposed analysis answers the challenge posed by the recent Ukrainian labour migration to conventional theories on migration, whose approaches usually omit references to the meso-level of migration processes, and consider either the structural-economic or the micro- determinants of migration. This thesis presents the informal economy both as a structural factor which enables migration and as a characteristic of the migrant agency that facilitates it.
By doing that, the thesis also complements the literature on migration to Southern Europe and argues that migrations are not simply encouraged by the informal economies of the receiving countries, but they emerge from, and are facilitated by, the informal economies of the sending countries. To perpetuate migration migrants creatively use the resources of the informal economy in conjunction with strategies of circumventing the state. This argument holds for a number of ex-Soviet countries, which suffered severe economic crises during the disintegration of the state-controlled socialist economies, and consequently produced significant labour migrations to Western Europe.
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Kibble, Stephen Lloyd. "The external role of the South African State : the case of labour migration from Malawi." Thesis, University of Leeds, 1989. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.237838.
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Ruiz, Neil G. "Made for export : labor migration, state power, and higher education in a developing Philippine economy." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/92054.
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Thesis: Ph. D., Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Department of Political Science, 2014.This electronic version was submitted by the student author. The certified thesis is available in the Institute Archives and Special Collections.
Cataloged from student-submitted PDF version of thesis.
Includes bibliographical references (pages 251-271).
Development scholars, heavily influenced by the cases of the four Asian Tigers (Hong Kong, Singapore, South Korea, and Taiwan), have attributed success in economic development to education. Although the Philippines seemed even more promising before the Asian Tigers began developing, the educational advances in the Philippines have led to an enormous exodus of labor. Failing to integrate its highly educated labor force in the domestic economy, the Philippine state focused its attention on exporting college-educated/highly-educated workers by creating a set of elaborate institutions to facilitate overseas employment. As a result, currently over 10 percent of its citizens live abroad in over 160 countries and about 4,600 Filipinos leave the country every day for overseas work. Why did the Philippine government develop institutions for exporting labor and why has it continued for the past four decades? This dissertation explains how the management of post-secondary educational institutions influenced the initiation and continuation of the Philippine labor export program. From its start, two interrelated problems motivated the creation of the Philippine labor exporting state: (1) over-development of the educational system through an unregulated, laissez-faire approach to private higher education and (2) underdevelopment of the economy to absorb high-skilled labor in the domestic labor market. President Ferdinand Marcos and his technocrats developed the 1974 labor export program to relieve the country of these twin problems by providing overseas employment for the educated unemployed and generating foreign currency revenues from the remittances received from Filipinos working abroad. Over time, political pressures from overseas Filipinos and migrant households, coupled with growing remittance revenue and a large private recruitment industry, led to further development of the labor exporting state with the creation of new state emigrant institutions for managing, protecting, and representing Overseas Filipino Workers (OFWs). These new state institutions, overseas demand for Filipino workers, domestic demand for remittances, and a highly flexible and unregulated private higher educational system continues to drive the exporting of Filipino labor to this day. Empirically, this dissertation is based on twelve months of fieldwork in the Philippines and relies on multiple research methods: archival research, statistical methods empirically testing the relationship between post-secondary education and out-migration, over one hundred interviews of key actors in the labor export and higher education industries, quantitative data analysis using survey and census data from the 1950s through 2011, the creation and analysis of an original dataset of family ownership of all private higher educational institutions in the Philippines, and a review of government documents and legislation.
by Neil G. Ruiz.
Ph. D.
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Mehrab, A. K. M. Fazla. "Cross-ISA Execution Migration of Unikernels: Build Toolchain, Memory Alignment, and VM State Transfer Techniques." Thesis, Virginia Tech, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/86485.
Full textAbstract:
The data centers are composed of resource-rich expensive server machines. A server, overloadeded with workloads, offloads some jobs to other servers; otherwise, its throughput becomes low. On the other hand, low-end embedded computers are low-power, and cheap OS-capable devices. We propose a system to use these embedded devices besides the servers and migrate some jobs from the server to the boards to increase the throughput when overloaded. The datacenters usually run workloads inside virtual machines (VM), but these embedded boards are not capable of running full-fledged VMs. In this thesis, we propose to use lightweight VMs, called unikernel, which can run on these low-end embedded devices. Another problem is that the most efficient versions of these boards have different instruction set architectures than the servers have. The ISA-difference between the servers and the embedded boards and the migration of the entire unikernel between them makes the migration a non-trivial problem. This thesis proposes a way to provide the unikernels with migration capabilities so that it becomes possible to offload workloads from the server to the embedded boards. This thesis describes a toolchain development process for building migratable unikernel for the native applications. This thesis also describes the alignment of the memory components between unikernels for different ISAs, so that the memory referencing remains valid and consistent after migration. Moreover, this thesis represents an efficient VM state transfer method so that the workloads experience higher execution time and minimum downtime due to the migration.Master of Science
Cloud computing providers run data centers which are composed of thousands of server machines. Servers are robust, scalable, and thus capable of executing many jobs efficiently. At the same time, they are expensive to purchase and maintain. However, these servers may become overloaded by the jobs and take more time to finish their execution. In this situation, we propose a system which runs low-cost, low-power single-board computers in the data centers to help the servers, in considered scenarios, reduce execution time by transferring jobs from the server to the boards. Cloud providers run services inside virtual machines (VM) which provides isolation from other services. As these boards are not capable of running traditional VMs due to the low resources, we run lightweight VMs, called unikernel, in them. So if the servers are overloaded, some jobs running inside unikernels are offloaded to the boards. Later when the server gets some of its resources freed, these jobs are migrated back to the server. This back and forth migration system development for a unikernel is composed of several modules. This thesis discuss detail design and implementation of a few of these modules such as unikernel build environment implementation, and unikernel's execution state transfer during the migration.