Academic literature on the topic 'Stage Guild'

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Journal articles on the topic "Stage Guild"

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Sedlock, Jodi L., Alexander M. Stuart, Finbarr G. Horgan, Buyung Hadi, Angela Como Jacobson, Phillip A. Alviola, and James D. V. Alvarez. "Local-Scale Bat Guild Activity Differs with Rice Growth Stage at Ground Level in the Philippines." Diversity 11, no. 9 (August 27, 2019): 148. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/d11090148.

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High-flying insectivorous bats, as wide-ranging generalist insectivores, are valuable consumers of high-altitude migrating pests of rice in Southeast Asia. Here, we documented the behavior of relatively low-flying bats over irrigated rice to elucidate their potential role as predators of rice-associated pest insects in the Philippines. Specifically, we tested the local-scale effects of rice stage, particularly seedling and late vegetative stages, and time of night on acoustic activity of bats foraging near ground level within three functional guilds (based on foraging distance from background clutter). We also monitored bat activity from two 50 m-high towers to assess the vertical extent of relatively low-flying guilds, as well as document high-flying bat guild presence and temporal behavior. At ground level, the most active guild biased their activity and feeding over early growth stage fields, but also foraged at tower level. Activity of the bat guild adept at foraging closest to vegetation did not vary with time of night or rice stage and was absent from tower recordings. High-flying bats were predictably rare at rice level, but exhibited high foraging intensity at 50 m. Given the well-documented, sequential arrival of insect guilds with growth stage, these data suggest that at ground level edge-space bats may be important consumers of detritivores (e.g., mosquitoes). Moreover, our data suggest that just as habitat heterogeneity enhances the services of arthropod predators, these management practices also enhance bat activity and, presumably, their contribution to pest suppression.
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Van Valkenburgh, Blaire. "Locomotor diversity within past and present guilds of large predatory mammals." Paleobiology 11, no. 4 (1985): 406–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0094837300011702.

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The impact of environment, interspecific competition, and, to a lesser extent history, on the structure of the guild of large predatory mammals is explored in one fossil and four Recent communities. Two aspects are emphasized: (1) the number of species within each guild and (2) the extent of locomotor convergence as inferred from morphology among the constituent species. Locomotor behavior reflects habitat choice, hunting mode, and escape strategy, all of which appear to be important avenues of adaptive divergence among coexisting predators.Locomotor behavior in extinct and extant predators is determined from body weight and five measured characteristics of the postcranial skeleton, including ungual shape, elbow shape, and limb proportions. Results indicate that levels of morphologic and inferred ecologic similarity between large predators are higher in the tropical grassland guild of East Africa than in the equivalent guilds of either tropical or temperate forest. This may be due to the great density and diversity of terrestrial herbivores in the productive grasslands. The fossil guild, from the Late Chadron–Orellan (Oligocene) of North America, appears most similar to the tropical forest guilds, but the predators seem to have been slower and more robust than their modern counterparts. Since the Orellan represents an early stage in the evolution of large, fissiped carnivores, both ancestry and time could have influenced Orellan guild structure.
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Dukore, Bernard F. "John MacDonald and the Washington Stage Guild." Shaw 29 (January 1, 2009): 225–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/40691876.

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Dukore, Bernard F. "John MacDonald and the Washington Stage Guild." Shaw 29 (January 1, 2009): 225–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.5325/shaw.29.2009.0225.

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Mahmoodabad, Sayed Saeed Mazloomy, Iraj Zareban, Mohammad Hossein Fallah Zadeh, and Mohammad Saeed Jadgal. "Classification and analysis of guild merchants using smokeless tobacco in Chabahar, Iran, based on the transtheoretical model." Update Dental College Journal 9, no. 1 (April 27, 2019): 16–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/updcj.v9i1.41201.

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Introduction: The use of all types of smokeless tobacco poses a serious risk to the health of community members. The present study was conducted to classify the guild merchants using smokeless tobacco in Chabahar, Iran, based on the Trans-Theoretical Model (TTM) and then analyze the relationships between the examined variables based on the constructs of this model. Materials and Methods: This descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted on 320 merchants working in different guilds in Chabahar in 2018, who were selected through simple random sampling. The data collection tool was a researcher-made questionnaire with a demographic and background information section, behavioral items and items on the constructs of the transtheoretical model, and was used after its validity and reliability were confirmed. Data were analyzed in SPSS software using statistical tests such as mean and SD, the Chi-square test, the ANOVA and Tukey’s test. Findings: Most of the participants in the study were in the age group of 20-30 years (69%). Hairdressers and textile stores (19%) were the largest and hotel and restaurant businesses (2%) the smallest trade guilds in this study. Most people in the study consumed Gutkha (24%). A total of 85% of the subjects were in the precontemplation stage, 12.5% in the contemplation stage and 2.5% in the preparation stage, and the stages of change had a significant difference with constructs including counter-conditioning, self-liberation, decisional balance and temptation to use tobacco (P<0.05). Conclusion: Since most merchants were in the precontemplation stage, and given their age and the proven harms of smokeless tobacco, interventions to encourage these people to quit tobacco consumption using the TTM constructs are necessary. Update Dent. Coll. j: 2019; 9 (1): 16-22
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Hukmah, Hukmah, Syamsuddin Toaha, and Jeffry Kusuma. "Dynamics of Intra-guild Predation Model with Stage Structure in Prey." Jurnal Matematika, Statistika dan Komputasi 18, no. 1 (September 2, 2021): 67–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.20956/j.v18i1.14362.

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The Intra-guild predation model is an interaction between three species where two of them compete and prey on each other for the same resource. This study considers the stage structure of prey on and combines Beddington-DeAngelis and Holling type I as functional responses in the model. Furthermore, the equilibrium point and stability of the model will be analyzed. The numerical result at the equilibrium point shows that the solution converging toward the equilibrium point so that the population is stable and will not become extinct with increasing time. In addition, the population tends to be stable when the density of prey is larger than the predator.
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Yamaguchi, Masahiro, Yasuhiro Takeuchi, and Wanbiao Ma. "Dynamical properties of a stage structured three-species model with intra-guild predation." Journal of Computational and Applied Mathematics 201, no. 2 (April 2007): 327–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.cam.2005.12.033.

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Turnbull, Lindsay A., Liz Manley, and Mark Rees. "Niches, rather than neutrality, structure a grassland pioneer guild." Proceedings of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences 272, no. 1570 (June 21, 2005): 1357–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rspb.2005.3084.

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Pioneer species are fast-growing, short-lived gap exploiters. They are prime candidates for neutral dynamics because they contain ecologically similar species whose low adult density is likely to cause widespread recruitment limitation, which slows competitive dynamics. However, many pioneer guilds appear to be differentiated according to seed size. In this paper, we compare predictions from a neutral model of community structure with three niche-based models in which trade-offs involving seed size form the basis of niche differentiation. We test these predictions using sowing experiments with a guild of seven pioneer species from chalk grassland. We find strong evidence for niche structure based on seed size: specifically large-seeded species produce fewer seeds but have a greater chance of establishing on a per-seed basis. Their advantage in establishment arises because there are more microsites suitable for their germination and early establishment and not directly through competition with other seedlings. In fact, seedling densities of all species were equally suppressed by the addition of competitors' seeds. By the adult stage, despite using very high sowing densities, there were no detectable effects of interspecific competition on any species. The lack of interspecific effects indicates that niche differentiation, rather than neutrality, prevails.
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Li, Chaonan, Haijun Liao, Dehui Li, and Yanli Jing. "The Fungal Functional Guilds at the Early-Stage Restoration of Subalpine Forest Soils Disrupted by Highway Construction in Southwest China." Forests 15, no. 4 (March 30, 2024): 636. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/f15040636.

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Soil fungi often operate through diverse functional guilds, and play critical roles in driving soil nutrient cycling, organic matter decomposition and the health of above-ground vegetation. However, fungal functional guilds at the early-stage restoration of disrupted subalpine forest soils remain elusive. In the present study, we collected 36 soil samples along an altitudinal gradient (2900 m a.s.l., 3102 m a.s.l., and 3194 m a.s.l.) from cut slopes (CS) (from Wenma highway) and natural soils (NS) at the Miyaluo of Lixian County, Southwest China. By applying nuclear ribosomal internal transcribed spacer (ITS) sequencing, this study revealed the ecological characteristics of fungal functional guild in the early-stage restoration of cut slope soils. The results showed that the predicted prevalence of ectomycorrhizal fungi decreased, while plant pathogens and arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi increased in CS. In the high-altitude regions (3102 m a.s.l. and 3194 m a.s.l.), the differences in communities between natural and cut slope soils were more pronounced for total soil fungi, soil saprotroph, litter saprotroph, arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi and ectomycorrhizal fungi, in contrast to the low altitude communities (2900 m a.s.l.). An opposite pattern was evident for plant pathogens. Variations in the differences of both soil properties (mainly soil pH) and community assembling processes (e.g., heterogeneous selection, dispersal limitation and drift) between natural and cut slope soils across the altitudinal gradient likely shaped the shifting patterns of community difference. This study provides valuable insights for devising restoration approaches for cut slopes in subalpine forest ecosystems, emphasizing the importance of taking soil fungal functional guilds into account in evaluating the restoration of cut slopes, and underscoring the necessity for increased attention to the restoration of soil fungi in cut slopes at the high-altitude ecosystems.
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Adamson, M. L., and S. Noble. "Structure of the pinworm (Oxyurida: Nematoda) guild in the hindgut of the american cockroach, Periplaneta americana." Parasitology 104, no. 3 (June 1992): 497–507. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0031182000063769.

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The pinworm (Oxyurida: Nematoda) guild in a laboratory colony of Periplaneta americana was investigated to answer the following questions. (1) Is guild structure stable with time? (2) Is there evidence of interaction among the species? (3) Is there evidence for niche diversification with respect to spatial distribution or developmental stage of host? Four species were found: Thelastoma periplaneticola, Thelastoma bulhoesi, Hammerschmidtiella diesingi and Leidynema appendiculatum; females of the first two could not be distinguished and they were lumped and referred to as Thelastoma sp.; 328 mid-instar hosts were dissected between September 1987 and February 1990, and the number of adult females of each pinworm species was recorded to investigate changes in guild structure through time. Seventy-five percent of hosts had Thelastoma sp., 62% had H. diesingi and 40% had L. appendiculatum; mean intensities were 6.5 (Thelastoma), 2.9 (H. diesingi) and 1.9 (L. appendiculatum). Relative numbers were stable with time and intensities of the species were similar whether they occurred alone in the host or in conjunction with other species. Thelastoma sp. and L. appendiculatum occurred together less often than expected and their numbers in individual hosts were negatively correlated. Both species occurred alone more often than expected. Surprisingly, H. diesingi and L. appendiculatum occurred together more often than expected. Intestines of 44 roaches were frozen in liquid nitrogen and divided into 5 equal sections to study longitudinal distributions of the species in the gut. Most L. appendiculatum and H. diesingi were found in the first, whereas most Thelastoma sp. occurred in the second segment. However, Thelastoma sp. dominated all segments of the gut. Worms were counted in 192 hosts belonging to 4 categories (early instar, late instar, adult male and adult female). Single species infections were more common in early instar hosts but there was no evidence that different species preferred different host stages. Modal distributions in male L. appendiculatum and T. bulhoesi suggest that these species may exhibit intraspecific interference competition similar to that observed in other pinworms. Such effects may be more important than interspecific effects in maintaining guild stability.
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Stage Guild"

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Lacerenza, Christina. "An exploratory factor analysis of self-reported state and trait guilt." Honors in the Major Thesis, University of Central Florida, 2012. http://digital.library.ucf.edu/cdm/ref/collection/ETH/id/577.

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The construct of guilt has been a subject of debate among philosophers, theologians, sociologists and psychologists for centuries. Disagreements concerning guilt have emerged on the definitional level, measurement level, and conceptual level due to the various ways guilt can be experienced and interpreted. Researchers continue to empirically investigate various aspects of guilt in an effort to advance and refine our understanding of the construct; however, differences among researchers in assessing the impact of guilt on psychological well-being still exist. The purpose of this study is to investigate the internal factor structure of three prominent measures of guilt. This will enable us to develop a more concise guilt measure en route to reconciling these differences and better conceptualizing the construct.
B.S.
Bachelors
Sciences
Psychology
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Hunter, David. "Examining the relationship between guilt and religiosity| Does state anxiety contribute?" Thesis, Southern Illinois University at Edwardsville, 2014. http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=1551154.

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Previous research has looked at religiosity and attempted to better understand it's relationship with mental well being. Research on the relationship between anxiety, religiosity and guilt has produced widely differing results. The present study explored the possibility of an interaction between state anxiety and type of religiosity on guilt feelings. Three-hundred-eight participants were measured for state anxiety, type of religiosity (intrinsic or extrinsic) and guilt level. Results initially did not indicate significant interaction; however a large number of participants were noted to be atheist and agnostic. When the 170 participant religious sample was isolated from the non religious participants, a significant interaction was found between state anxiety and intrinsic religiosity on guilt. Explanations for this are discussed, looking at the possible effect that a large number of atheists and agnostics had on the primary sample, as well as discussing ideas for future research.

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Bergquist, Ann-Kristin. "Guld och gröna skogar? : miljöanpassningen av Rönnskärsverken 1960-2000." Doctoral thesis, Umeå universitet, Ekonomisk historia, 2007. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:umu:diva-1375.

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The aim of this thesis is to reach further understanding of the development of environmental adaptation in Swedish heavy industry by studying the case of the Rönnskär Smelter 1960-2000. More specifically, the aim of the thesis is to investigate the interplay between firm level environmental adaptation and national environmental politics and economic development. To fulfil this aim, the following questions are asked: How have company activities such as production processes, organisation and company strategies been developed and adopted in order to meet environmental demands with maintained competitiveness? How have company activities been framed by environmental policies and the specific environmental regulations, relevant for this case? What other factors, beside environmental regulations, have driven and framed the environmental adaptation process of the firm? The study concludes that a long-range competitive environmental adaptation was reached by a combination of investments in environmental technology with an overall rationalisation and modernisation of the enterprise. The study suggests that the environmental adaptation process of the Rönnskär Smelter became part of an overall process of industrial modernisation during the period, which reflects a wider context than the environmental issue itself. It mirrors technological development on other fields than the environment, and an increasing competition on a global scale that called for lower unit costs of production. This led to a modernisation for pollution reduction strategy that enabled the firm to increase production but still cutting its pollution levels considerably over time. The result is partly consistent with the Porter hypothesis that suggests that strict environmental regulation can strengthen firms’ and nations’ competitiveness. Time series data shows that emissions from the Rönnskär factory have radically declined since the 1960s. For these changes, process technology has proven to be most important. Technological adjustments came about through a step-by-step adaptation. It is clear that internal solutions, developed by the companies’ own engineers were more important at an early stage, when the supply of external solutions was limited. The study also concludes that environmental regulation has strongly influenced the environmental adaptation at the Rönnskär Smelter. Of most importance is the Environmental Protection Act (EPA: Miljöskyddslagen) implemented in 1969. In the economic historian Nathan Rosenberg’s terminology, this study suggests that the EPA model of individual testing promoted long-term innovative and cost-effective technical solutions, because it was consistent with decentralised experimental activity and the specific conditions that characterise the dynamics of technological development. However, not much can be said before comparative studies within the Swedish system have been conducted, or perhaps most fruitful, between various national systems of environmental protection. This study also concludes that the environmental issue became of strategic dignity at the very beginning of the 1970s, mainly as a consequence of the implementation of the EPA. Even though environmental issues did not become important for market strategies until the 1990s, the environmental issue called already in the 1970s for adjustments that required financial and personnel resources that demanded priorities and strategic decisions at the highest level of the organisation. The study also concludes that even though the technological dimension has played the most decisive role for lowering emissions, the significance of organisation has increased over time. While the 1960s, and especially the 1970s, brought about substantial pollution reductions through new technology, organisational aspects became relatively more important when the costs of abatement were rising in the 1980s. Organisational co-ordination, division of local responsibilities and education of personnel became a supplement to technology to obtain further pollution reductions. The technician as the “environmental hero” of the firm was successively replaced by the organisational co-ordinator.
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Morrell, Rachel Marie. "THE PASSION OF CHRIST AND THE ANTI-VIETNAM WAR MOVEMENT AT KENT STATE UNIVERSITY: AN APPLICATION OF BURKES GUILT-REDEMPTION CYCLE." Kent State University Honors College / OhioLINK, 2016. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ksuhonors1462801014.

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Parker, Richard John. "The Role of Moral Emotions in the Onset and Progression of Child Sexual Offending." Thesis, Griffith University, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/10072/367017.

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This thesis investigates the role of moral emotions in child sexual assault. Despite an extensive literature on moral emotions among non-offending populations, there has been little investigation of the role of shame, guilt and pride in the onset and maintenance of child sexual assault. Current theories have generally paid little attention to moral emotions, instead relying on the concept of low self-control/self-regulation to help explain some aspects of this phenomenon. The empirical data on child sexual assault has consistently found that extrafamilial offenders, offenders against boys and younger offenders are more likely to reoffend. The major theories of child sexual assault provide a degree of explanation for the age effect, but do not provide a satisfactory explanation of the findings related to extrafamilial offenders and offenders against boys. This thesis argues that incorporating moral emotions into the existing theories will provide a much more satisfactory explanation of child sexual assault than the explanations yielded from self-control/self-regulation theory. A crucial distinction between self-control/self-regulation theories and an explanation based on moral emotions is that the former presumes a deficit (either ongoing or transient) in the offender, whereas the latter is encapsulated within a motivational balance model, which views the outcome as a result of an interplay between a number of competing motivations. This provides a much more satisfactory explanation for the amount of offending by people who “have” high self-control, while simultaneously helping explain the repetitive nature of chronic offenders.
Thesis (PhD Doctorate)
Doctor of Philosophy (PhD)
School of Criminology and Criminal Justice
Arts, Education and Law
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Workman, Clifford. "The role of moral cognition and emotions in remitted major depressive disorder." Thesis, University of Manchester, 2016. https://www.research.manchester.ac.uk/portal/en/theses/the-role-of-moral-cognition-and-emotions-in-remitted-major-depressive-disorder(e1c3b588-b506-47c2-a579-4ccedf1f113b).html.

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Background: The aim of this thesis was to investigate the relationship of moral cognition and emotions to the pathophysiology of major depressive disorder (MDD). Patients with MDD may experience excessive guilt or self-blaming biases despite recovery from the depressed state. Since guilt is a moral emotion thought to motivate altruistic behaviours, it has been hypothesized that elevated self-blame in MDD may result in pathological increases to altruism in some patients. The relationship of self-blame to altruistic choices in individuals with remitted MDD (rMDD), however, has not been established. Guilt has been shown to activate the subgenual cingulate and adjacent septal region (SCSR) which is of known importance to the pathophysiology of MDD. Since MDD is thought to arise from network-level dysfunctions, and moral cognition and emotions are hypothesized to emerge from network-level binding, investigating resting-state SCSR functional connectivity in rMDD patients and healthy control (HC) participants could reveal networks of potential relevance both to MDD and to moral cognition and emotions. Chapter 2: We investigated whether melancholic rMDD patients could be distinguished from non-melancholic and HC groups on the basis of resting-state functional connectivity to an SCSR seed region. Lower SCSR-amygdala connectivity distinguished the melancholic rMDD group from non-melancholic and HC groups. Chapter 3: We investigated whether patients who remained resilient to recurring depressive episodes were distinguishable from recurring episode MDD and HC groups on the basis of resting-state connectivity to an SCSR seed region. Lower interhemispheric SCSR connectivity distinguished the resilient MDD patients from the recurring episode MDD and HC groups. Chapter 4: We measured explicit and implicit preferences for social options with and without altruistic motivations relative to selfish options in the rMDD and HC groups during emotion priming to modulate feelings of guilt. The rMDD patients explicitly preferred prosocial options (i.e., social options and altruism directed towards friends or colleagues) less than HC participants. Regardless of group, guilt priming increased explicit and implicit preferences for altruism towards strangers. Chapter 5: We investigated whether explicit and/or implicit preferences for prosocial options during guilt priming were correlated with resting-state connectivity to an SCSR seed region, and whether this relationship could distinguish the rMDD and HC groups. Across all participants, implicit prosocial choice preference negatively correlated with connectivity between the SCSR and right temporoparietal junction (TPJ). The relationship of SCSR-TPJ connectivity to implicit preferences for social options and for altruism towards friends and colleagues was weaker in the rMDD group compared to the HC group, particularly for implicit altruism. Conclusions: We identified resting-state SCSR networks associated with vulnerability to melancholia and with resilience to recurring depressive episodes. Patients with rMDD explicitly preferred options entailing social withdrawal, a symptom associated with MDD vulnerability. Irrespective of group, guilt motivated altruism towards strangers but not friends and colleagues. Implicit prosociality was negatively associated with connectivity in a social agency network, and the comparatively weak relationships between connectivity and implicit choice preferences in rMDD patients may reflect a vulnerability factor for MDD.
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Hinners, Linda. "De fransöske handtwerkarne vid Stockholms slott 1693–1713 : Yrkesroller, organisation, arbetsprocesser." Doctoral thesis, Stockholms universitet, Konstvetenskapliga institutionen, 2012. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:su:diva-73943.

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The thesis deals with French sculptors and painters active around 1700 at the Royal Palace in Stockholm. They were summoned from Paris by the architect Nicodemus Tessin the younger (1654–1728). This study analyses the Frenchmen’s professional roles, how Tessin organised their work and the working methods applied in the decoration of the Gallery of Charles XI and the adjoining parade rooms. It also involves questions concerning the artist’s roles and the status of artistic professions at the early modern period. The artisans were a group of some fifteen sculptors, painters, founders and a goldsmith. Several of them were accompanied by family members, some of whom were active in the workshop. In France these sculptors and painters had worked in the Bâtiments du Roi  and particularly at the Gobelins. Although they were not part of the artistic elite at the Académie Royale de Peinture et de Sculpture they had vital knowledge in classical pattern/design, le bon goût and drawing. The artisans were also members of the guild system and were thus permitted to accept private commissions. My aim has been to clarify the artisans’ background in Paris and the recruitment undertaken by the diplomat Daniel Cronström (1655–1719). With regard to their activities in Sweden, it has been important to clarify their conditions in the building organisation at the Royal Palace, including social contexts such as their family situation and the possibility to practise their Catholic faith. Equally important is the professional relationship between the Frenchmen and Tessin, who was appointed Superintendent in 1697. Through detailed archival studies, the working practices and the creative process are analysed, especially the collaboration between Tessin and the painter Jacques Foucquet and the sculptors René Chauveau (1663–1722) and Jacques Foucquet (1639–1731).
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Metenier, Julian. "La protection pénale de l'accusé." Thesis, Aix-Marseille, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014AIXM1065.

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Le thème de la protection pénale de l'accusé, connu des pénalistes, mérite aujourd'hui d'être renouvelé sous un angle essentiellement probatoire, au regard de l'évolution actuelle du procès pénal. Situés au confluent de l'innocence et de la culpabilité, les droits et garanties accordés à l'accusé, entendu dans son acception conventionnelle, doivent être analysés en considération des principes fondateurs que sont la présomption d'innocence et les droits de la défense. L'évolution continue de ces deux principes, dans un sens diamétralement opposé, rejaillit inévitablement sur l'intensité et les modalités de la protection dont bénéficie toute personne suspectée ou poursuivie dans le cadre d'une procédure pénale.La présente étude, volontairement limitée à la phase préparatoire du procès pénal, se propose d'appréhender, dans un souci pratique et technique, les différentes évolutions jurisprudentielles et législatives opérées en la matière. Y seront ainsi abordées les principales problématiques actuellement rencontrées en procédure pénale telles que la question du statut juridique du suspect ou encore l'effectivité du principe du contradictoire dans l'avant-procès pénal. S'il peut être tentant, au premier abord, de conclure à un renforcement indiscutable de la protection pénale accordée à l'accusé, il conviendra alors de reconsidérer cette question à l'aune de l'étude des limites procédurales attachées au procès pénal. Loin d'aborder ce thème dans une optique partisane, il sera question de modération dans les propos tenus. En effet, peut-être plus que sur toute autre question de procédure pénale, il est impératif de savoir raison garder
The theme of the criminal protection of the accused, well-known to criminal specialists, today deserves to be renewed under a probationary essentially angle, in the light of current developments in the criminal trial. Located at the confluence of innocence and guilt, the rights and guarantees granted to the accused understood in its conventional sense, must be analyzed in consideration of the founding principles of presumption of innocence and the rights of the defense. The continuing evolution of these two principles, in a sense diametrically opposite, inevitably reflects the intensity and the terms of the protection afforded any person suspected or prosecuted under criminal proceedings.This study deliberately limited to the pre-trial phase, proposes to understand, in a practical and technical problems, the various case law and legislative developments carried out in the field. Will thus addressed the key issues currently faced in criminal proceedings such as the question of the legal status of the suspect or the effectiveness of the adversarial principle in the preliminary criminal trial. While it may be tempting, at first, to conclude an indisputable strengthening the criminal protection afforded to the accused, then it will be necessary to reconsider this issue in terms of the study of procedural limitations attached to the criminal trial. Far from addressing this issue in a partisan way, it will be about moderation in the remarks. Indeed, perhaps more than any other issue of criminal procedure, it is imperative to keep a sense of proportion
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McGuire, Laura. "Space within : Frederick Kiesler and the architecture of an idea." Thesis, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/2152/30283.

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From 1922-1942, the Austrian-American architect and designer Frederick Jacob Kiesler (1890-1965) designed architecture based on the idea that it must complement the physiological and psychological processes of the human body. In order to reconcile the technological changes wrought by industrialized production with the need for structures that promoted human health, he developed an inspired model for interactive design. His formative experiences in Europe working with De Stijl and the G-Group, along with his exposure to Central European examples of architecture, art, and science set the agenda for his later works. Yet he never stopped experimenting with new concepts that would bolster his essential philosophy of body-generated space. After he immigrated to the United States in 1926, Kiesler’s pursued his ideas about physiological and psychological architecture within a new cultural milieu and a network of encouraging personal connections. He forged relationships with a sympathetic community of émigré industrial designers and architects who promoted his efforts to integrate modern technology with new design idioms. During his first fifteen years in New York City, Kiesler looked to contemporary science as a way to advance a model of flexible architectural design. He also worked at the cutting edge of industrial design research and was an early protagonist of human factors engineering methods. His body-centered methodology stood in opposition to aesthetic and reductive approaches toward modernism and functionalism. Instead of designing according to a priori determinations of what was functional and what was not, Kiesler’s functionalism was based on an iterative design practice that would reveal progressively more useful and universally applicable forms.
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Guill, Christian Pierre [Verfasser]. "Dynamik alters- und stadienstrukturierter Populationen = Dynamics of age and stage structured populations / von Christian Pierre Guill." 2011. http://d-nb.info/1010414933/34.

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Books on the topic "Stage Guild"

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O'Neill's The iceman cometh: Reconstructing the premiere. Ann Arbor: UMI Research Press, 1988.

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Taylor, George Robert Stirling. The guild state: Its principles and possibilities. Norfolk, Va: IHS Press, 2004.

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G, Hobson S. National guilds and the state. New York: Garland, 1985.

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Technology, guilds, and early English drama. Kalamazoo, Mich: Medieval Institute Publications, 1996.

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Guilt by association. New York: Warner Books, 1995.

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Sloan, Susan M. Guilt by Association. New York: Grand Central Publishing, 2009.

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Sloan, Susan M. Guilt by association. New York, NY: Warner Books, 1995.

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Sloan, Susan M. Guilt by association. London: BCA, 1994.

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Sloan, Susan M. Guilt by association. London: Warner Books, 1995.

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Guilt By Association. London: Warner Books, 1995.

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Book chapters on the topic "Stage Guild"

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Conolly, L. W. "World Premieres at the Theatre Guild." In Bernard Shaw on the American Stage, 317–70. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-04241-6_9.

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Zanotta, Silvia. "Shame and Guilt." In Somatic Ego State Therapy for Trauma Healing, 132–51. London: Routledge, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9781003460602-7.

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El-Enany, Nadine. "‘Innocence Charged with Guilt’: The Criminalisation of Protest from Peterloo to Millbank." In Riot, Unrest and Protest on the Global Stage, 72–97. London: Palgrave Macmillan UK, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-137-30553-4_5.

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Schult, Tanja. "Raoul Wallenberg on Stage — or at Stake? Guilt and Shame as Obstacles in the Swedish Commemoration of their Holocaust Hero." In History, Memory, Performance, 135–52. London: Palgrave Macmillan UK, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1057/9781137393890_9.

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Kubin, Eva-Maria. "Grief, Guilt, and Ghosts: Fantastic Strategies of Staging Loss on the Contemporary Irish Stage." In Representations of Loss in Irish Literature, 155–73. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-78550-9_9.

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Tzelepi, Ioanna, Lida Sotiropoulou, Flora Bacopoulou, Maria Charalampopoulou, Eleni Zigkiri, Dimitrios S. Simos, Dimitrios Vlachakis, George P. Chrousos, and Christina Darviri. "Validation of the Greek Version of the State Shame and Guilt Scale (SSGS)." In Advances in Experimental Medicine and Biology, 79–91. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-31986-0_8.

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Carter, Tim. "Setting the Stage." In Oklahoma!, 1–30. Oxford University Press, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780190665203.003.0001.

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The pre-premiere publicity for Oklahoma! generated by the Theatre Guild fixed many of the themes that would dominate its reception history. The Guild had already established a pattern of creating musical versions of plays it had previously staged, by way of George and Ira Gershwin’s Porgy and Bess of 1935. Its executive director, Theresa Helburn, tried to persuade a number of Broadway composers to pick up the torch, including Kurt Weill (for Ferenc Molnár’s play Liliom, which later became Rodgers and Hammerstein’s Carousel). She also saw some potential in Lynn Rigg’s Green Grow the Lilacs, first done by the Guild in late 1930. Riggs was one of a new generation of “regional” playwrights, and he drew on his own upbringing in Claremore, Oklahoma, for a work interweaving vernacular dialogue and cowboy songs. Rodgers and Hammerstein, however, came from quite other theatrical traditions; anything they did would necessarily be very different.
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Carter, Tim. "From Stage to Screen." In Oklahoma!, 213–53. Oxford University Press, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780190665203.003.0006.

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Oklahoma! was a surprising success on Broadway, and although the Theatre Guild considered other possible creative teams for new musicals, the now-sealed Rodgers and Hammerstein partnership proved hard to resist. A touring company was in place by late summer 1943, and Oklahoma! traveled internationally after the end of World War II (not least, to London’s West End in 1947); meanwhile, the Guild needed to replace cast members leaving one or other productions of the show. In 1953, Rodgers and Hammerstein bought the Guild’s rights to all three of the shows they had done under its auspices (including Carousel and Allegro). In part, this was to maximize their profits from intended film versions. The 1955 film of Oklahoma! took advantage of the new Todd-AO wide-screen process and location shooting to produce a vivid rendition of the show that, however, also needed to be followed, or resisted, in subsequent stage versions.
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Hanawalt, Barbara A. "Entering into Apprenticeship." In Growing Up In medieval London, 129–54. Oxford University PressNew York, NY, 1993. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780195084054.003.0008.

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Abstract Apprenticeship marked a decisive break from the status of child. In this formative life stage, which could occupy almost a quarter of their lives,1 young people learned not only a craft but the characteristics of the role they would eventually play as adults. Apprentices moved out of their natal home into that of their master, becoming part of his familial environment. They slept in the shop or the house, shared meals with the family and other apprentices, received their clothing from their master, and endured his discipline. Their lives also changed in that they began to form an identity with their masters’ guilds and with the city of London, of which they would become citizens when they completed apprenticeship. Daily activities also altered radically from the routine of school or household, for apprentices spent most of their day in the shop learning their craft. The gradual learning of a trade or craft was regarded as an initiation into its mysteries, and, indeed, an alternative name for the guild was a “mistery.” Entering apprenticeship at fourteen to eighteen years old, youths spent seven to ten or more years in this stage between childhood and adulthood.
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Ogilvie, Sheilagh. "Guilds and Growth." In The European Guilds, 511–63. Princeton University Press, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.23943/princeton/9780691137544.003.0009.

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This chapter discusses different measures of guild strength, in terms of guild numbers, producer—merchant relations, guilds' internal cohesiveness, their relationship with the state, characteristics of towns, interaction with the countryside, and the role of guild-free enclaves. It also examines how guild strength and weakness were associated with economic performance across pre-industrial Europe. First, European societies with relatively weak guilds saw comparatively rapid economic growth from the late medieval period onwards. Second, economic performance differed more modestly between societies with intermediate guilds and those with strong ones. Third, strong guilds were not associated with high per capita GDP or rapid economic growth at any point between 1300 and 1850. This casts doubt on the notion that guilds generated net benefits for European economies, even in their medieval inception.
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Conference papers on the topic "Stage Guild"

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Идрисов, Хусейн Вахаевич. "CHARACTERIZATION OF THE CATEGORY OF GUILT THROUGH PSYCHOANALYTIC THEORY." In Социально-экономические и гуманитарные науки: сборник избранных статей по материалам Международной научной конференции (Санкт-Петербург, Февраль 2021). Crossref, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.37539/seh295.2021.29.79.008.

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Статья посвящена характеристике элемента вины в теории психоанализа. Рассматриваются основные положения психоанализа в отношении таких категорий как вина, стыд, совесть, чувство неполноценности и ряд др. В заключении работы формулируется вывод о том, что вина как психологическое чувство, определенное внутреннее психологическое состояние, возникает в ситуациях, когда индивид претерпевает дискомфортные состояния, связанные с внешними последствиями, проявлениями своего поведения, действий, выходящих за рамки общепринятых правил. the article is devoted to the characterization of the element of guilt in the theory of psychoanalysis. Discusses the tenets of psychoanalysis in relation to such categories as guilt, shame, conscience, a sense of inferiority and many others. In the conclusion of the work, the conclusion is formulated that guilt as a psychological feeling, a certain internal psychological state, occurs in situations when an individual undergoes uncomfortable states associated with external consequences, manifestations of his behavior, actions that go beyond the generally accepted rules.
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Bakaldina, Elena V. "The Botkins’ letters on tea trading in the G. V. Yudin’s fond in the Russian State Archive of Literature and Art." In Торговля, купечество и таможенное дело в России в XVI–XX веках. ИПЦ НГУ, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.31518/tktdr-35-2023-27.

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The Russian State Archive of Literature and Art holds the fond of G.V. Yudin (1840–1912), a merchant of the 2nd Guild, a well-known bibliophile, whose personality has repeatedly attracted the attention of researchers. However, the block of materials related to the Botkin family and consisting of 354 files (F. 1571. № 2114–2467) until recently remained practically not in demand. These papers cover the period from 1822 till 1870 (most of them the 1820–1840s) and relate to commercial activities of the Botkins. The difference between these documents and other Botkins’ trading papers is that they are dedicated to joint activities for all branches of the Botkins (D. K., P. K. and G. K. Botkins and their descendants). These texts shed light on the trading activities of the Botkin family in the first half of the 19th century (purchasing Russian goods for exchange in Kyakhta, buying tea there, transporting goods, wholesale tea at fairs), affecting, among other things, the participation of representatives of the senior branch of the family in these operations, about which little is known yet.
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Komleva, Evgenia V. "Ego-texts from the Personal Fond of the Kyakhta Merchant M.F. Nemchinov in the State Archive of the Republic of Buryatia: Composition and Prospects of Study." In Торговля, купечество и таможенное дело в России в XVI–XX веках. ИПЦ НГУ, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.31518/tktdr-35-2023-26.

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The article presents the characteristics of ego-documents from the located in the State Archive of the Republic of Buryatia personal fond of the Kyakhta merchant of the second half of the 19th century Mikhail Fedorovich Nemchinov. Among the surviving manuscripts are autobiographical notes, personal and business correspondence. All these sources together form a voluminous merchant family archive, which in itself is quite a rare phenomenon. The texts contain information about the advancement of the social ladder of a native of the peasantry, later the merchant of the 1st guild, upbringing in peasant and merchant families of the 19th century, the realities of the daily life of Russian tea merchants in Kyakhta and Qing empire. If the information from the autobiography of M. F. Nemchinov has already appeared in historiography, then the correspondence materials mostly still remain unknown and not studied. Meanwhile, the appeal to them can significantly complement the existing ideas about everyday life and trading operations of Russian merchants linked with tea trade.
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Ермолаева, М. И. "FREE PAINTING ON FABRIC AND EMBROIDERY IN EARLY ARTWORK OF ZOYA LENDENSKAYA-BOLSHAKOVA." In КОДЫ. ИСТОРИИ В ТЕКСТИЛЕ. Crossref, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.54874/9785605162971.2024.3.10.

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Санкт-Петербургский художник по текстилю Зоя ЛенденскаяБольшакова с единомышленниками-выпускниками кафедры художественного текстиля Санкт-Петербургской государственной художественно-промышленной академии имени А. Л. Штиглица (бывшее ЛВХПУ им. В. И. Мухиной) основала успешное творческое объединение, известное сегодня как Гильдия Текстильщиков Санкт-Петербурга. Зоя Ленденская-Большакова — плодовитый художник-экспериментатор, она мастерски использует в своем творчестве традиционные текстильные техники, тонко передавая с помощью них свой внутренний мир. St. Petersburg textile artist Zoya Lendenskaya-Bolshakova with like-minded people – graduates of the Department of Artistic Textiles of the St. Petersburg Stieglitz State Academy of Arts and Design (formerly Leningrad V. Mukhina Higher School of Art and Industry) founded a successful creative association, known today as the St. Petersburg Guild of Artists on Textiles. Zoya LendenskayaBolshakova is a prolific experimental artist; she skillfully uses traditional textile techniques in her work, subtly conveying her inner world.
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Heckert, Andrew B. "FINDING FOSSILS ON FRIDAY: USING A "GUILD SYSTEM" TO DEVELOP A PEER-TRAINED UNDERGRADUATE RESEARCH LABORATORY AND OUTREACH GROUP AT APPALACHIAN STATE UNIVERSITY." In GSA Annual Meeting in Phoenix, Arizona, USA - 2019. Geological Society of America, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1130/abs/2019am-338726.

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Liu, Yu, and Peter Hasdell. "Sustainable Urban Delta: The Inspiration to PRD through the Comparative Analysis of Netherlands Reclamation History." In 13th International Conference on Applied Human Factors and Ergonomics (AHFE 2022). AHFE International, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.54941/ahfe1002358.

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Due to the significant demand for land resources and rapid urbanization, reclamation has become one of the essential choices for developing coastal cities. However, the intensive reclamation projects lead to the high vulnerability of the delta. Attention to the general discussion of ecological security, vulnerability, and sustainability has proliferated in recent years, but insufficient attention has been paid to a detailed explanation of the specific human activities' impact on the overall delta from a narrative historical aspect. In this article, the Deltas of Netherlands and Pearl River Delta (PRD) in multiple scales are selected as cases. The two deltas share similarities in geography, physical system description, ecological system, management Issues, and human activities. The comparative analysis offers a means to improve the understanding of mechanisms for addressing ecological vulnerability by comparing two deltas in social and environmental aspects.The analysis section elaborates the similar reclamation history of two deltas by the sequence of three stages. By comparing the diverse responses of respective projects in macroscale and microscale with similar morphological and ecological features, it is effortless to improve the understanding of reactive mechanisms of systems, which directly affect the vulnerability index. The Vulnerability index will also be listed and elaborated corresponding to the historical stages. Moreover, successful examples of the Netherlands show the advanced experiments in guild thinking, governance, strategies. Thus, the comparative analysis provides comprehensive syntheses, mechanistic insights, and feasible alternatives to PRD. And beneficial guidance to develop a sustainable urban delta could be proposed.
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Dionisijev, Ivan, and Gorana Roje. "THE ROLE OF SUPREME AUDIT INSTITUTIONS IN BETTER MANAGING PUBLIC SECTOR ASSETS - SOME EVIDENCE FROM NORTH MACEDONIA." In Economic and Business Trends Shaping the Future. Ss Cyril and Methodius University, Faculty of Economics-Skopje, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.47063/ebtsf.2022.0006.

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Public Sector Asset Management is a crucial process for the progress of a society, while Supreme Audit Institutions are designated as one of the main stakeholders related to that process. Although PSAM has been the subject of research in recent years, especially by western countries that have established the concept of New Public Management for a long time, there is still a lack of evidence on the meaning and role of public sector auditing for improving that process. The purpose of this paper is to provide empirical evidence on the role of the Supreme Audit Institution in the Republic of North Macedonia for better PSAM, through quantitative research using the survey method, i.e structured questionnaire that was delivered to all public sector auditors who are employed by the Supreme Audit Institution of the Republic of North Macedonia. The obtained results show that the state auditors audit the public sector assets with regularity audits more than with performance audits. State auditors are familiar with INTOSAI's GUID 5260 and according to them SAI alone is not a sufficient PSAM control mechanism. The limitation of the study is the measurement of the variables from the survey that is based only on the perception of the state auditors.
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Chistruga-Sinchevici, Inga. "Infertilitatea cuplurilor din perspectiva politicii demografice." In International Scientific-Practical Conference "Economic growth in the conditions of globalization". National Institute for Economic Research, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.36004/nier.cdr.v.2023.17.9.

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Measures aimed at including medically assisted reproductive technologies in population and family policy have been a distinctive trend over the last two decades. The aim of the study is to assess the role of state policies in supporting infertile couples, based on an analysis of the legal framework with reference to reproductive health and the protection of the institution of the family. According to data from the Generations and Gender Study, about 11% of couples of reproductive ages in the Republic of Moldova face the problem of the inability to conceive a child. The experience of infertility affects the couple through feelings of guilt and shame, situations of disapproval from others, and implications for family stability and well-being. Legislation states that people in the Republic of Moldova have the right to infertility treatment, including the use of medically assisted reproductive technologies, the most commonly used being in vitro fertilization. In reality, there are a number of obstacles for couples who wish to conceive a child using medically assisted reproductive technologies: the high cost of services (in vitro fertilization is currently carried out only privately); territorial inaccessibility due to the concentration of all medical institutions providing medically assisted reproductive services in Chisinau; religious resistance and other ethical issues. The article concludes with examples of European practices and recommendations for improving policies to support infertile couples in Moldova. The article was elaborated within the State Program Project (2020-2023) 20.80009.0807.21 „Migration, demographic changes, and situation stabilization policies”.
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Lažetić, Gordana. "OCENA OPTUŽNICE U SEVERNOJ MAKEDONIJI – KONTROLNA ULOGA SUDA vs. TRADICIONALNA KOLEGIJALNOST SUDIJA I TUŽIOCA." In Tradicija, krivično i međunarodno krivično pravo. Srpsko udruženje za međunarodno krivično pravo, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.46793/tkmkp24.060l.

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The main focus of the reform established by the 2010 Criminal Pro- cedure Code in North Macedonia was aimed at redefining the proce- dure by abolishing the investigating judge and increasing the powers of the public prosecutor’s office in the preliminary procedure. The evaluation of the indictment is a very important phase of the crimi- nal procedure but in practice it does not sufficiently fulfill the expec- ted purpose – to be a filter that will not allow the indictment, which is accompanied by insufficient evidence, to enter into force and shall prevent holding the main hearing. Within the framework of fair trial, the relations between judges and prosecutors are very important as well as how their collegiality affects the judicial decisions regarding the merits of the indictment. Their traditionally collegial relationship and complementarity of functions are relevant factors that must be correlated with proper assessment of the indictments and protection of individual rights. It is a matter of concern that almost every in- dictment has been assessed as well-founded, and there is an increa- sing trend of acquittals, that should not be ignored, bearing in mind that the main hearing is conducted even when the indictment does not meet the necessary criteria. The expectation that the court will issue a verdict with established guilt is a material prerequisite for filing an indictment. In this regard, the legal opinion of the Supreme Court of North Macedonia, where only reasonable suspicion is mentioned, in- troduces dilemmas and difficulties for the correct interpretation and application of the provisions of the CPC. It is necessary to improve the quality of the indictments, but also to raise the level of significance of the assessment of the indictment so that this important stage does not turn into a formalized procedure that can be to the detriment of the defendant’s human rights.
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Zhalsanova, B. T. "FUND 357 OF THE STATE ARCHIVE OF THE REPUBLIC OF BURYATIA «MIKHAILOV ANDREY MIKHAILOVICH (1870-1923) - MERCHANT OF THE 2ND GUILD, HEADMAN OF THE ASHEKHABAT FAMILY OF IRKUTSK PROVINCE» AS A SOURCE ON THE HISTORY OF BURYAT SOCIETIES IN THE LATE 19TH- EARLY 20TH CENTURIES." In Международная научная конференция "Мир Центральной Азии-V", посвященная 100-летию Института монголоведения,буддологии и тибетологии Сибирского отделения Российской академии наук. Новосибирск: Сибирское отделение РАН, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.53954/9785604788981_133.

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Reports on the topic "Stage Guild"

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zhang, Ziyu, Yingqiao Wang, Ziyun Jiang, Yuan Tang, Luyao Liu, and Xun Li. Thought Imprint Psychotherapy in a lowed resistance state(TIP) for Depression: A Systematic Review Based on RCT. INPLASY - International Platform of Registered Systematic Review and Meta-analysis Protocols, April 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.37766/inplasy2022.4.0076.

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Review question / Objective: The aim of this systematic review is to evaluate the effectiveness and safety of Thought Imprint Psychotherapy in a lowed resistance state(TIP) for depression. Condition being studied: Depression is a kind of mental disease which is characterized by low mood and loss of interesting in daily life, accompanied by disturbance of appetite, sleep disturbance, psychomotor, retardation or agitation, loss of energy, feeling of worthlessness and guilt, difficulty in thinking and even recurrent thought of death or suicide. According to WHO, more than 320 million people are suffering from depression, which had caused great financial burden. It affects all kinds of people and all aspects of life, including performance at school, productivity at work, relationships with family and friends, and ability to participate in the community.
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Röders, Jonathan. Research Brief: Moral Injury and Repair Among Formerly Armed Actors. Trust After Betrayal, June 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.59498/38489.

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This research brief focuses on moral injury (MI) among formerly armed actors (FAAs), the cognitive and emotional response that may occur in a person who has witnessed, perpetrated, or failed to prevent acts that go against their moral or ethical beliefs. Unlike post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD), MI is not widely recognised as a distinct clinical condition, yet it poses significant obstacles to the mental well-being and successful (re)integration of FAAs. The brief explores how morally injurious events challenge healthy self-perceptions and clash with societal expectations, leading to a severe cognitive dissonance in affected FAAs. It examines the impact of MI on military veterans and non-state armed actors, and highlights its potential psychological consequences such as social withdrawal, substance abuse, depression and violent behaviour. The research brief argues that MI deserves attention in psychosocial counseling within (re)integration programs for FAAs. It thus proposes a framework for integrating moral repair into existing FAA mental health treatment programmes, recognising the importance of addressing chronic and intrusive feelings of shame, guilt, and remorse resulting from MI.
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Leis, Sherry. Vegetation community monitoring trends in restored tallgrass prairie at Wilson’s Creek National Battlefield: 2008–2020. National Park Service, April 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.36967/nrr-2293117.

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Plant community monitoring at Wilson’s Creek National Battlefield (NB) focused on the restored tallgrass prairie community. Six monitoring sites were visited four times and observations of plant species and ground cover were made. In addition to those observations, we included two environmental factors in this report—precipitation and recent fire history—to help understand the vegetation data status and trends. Precipitation data (standardized vegetation index) indicated drought conditions in 2012 and some dry periods in 2016. Although prairies are adapted to drought, we found that species richness at the site and community scales (alpha and gamma diversity) were reduced in dry years. Fire management also plays an important role in shaping the plant communities. Prescribed fire occurrence became less frequent through the monitoring period. Also, additional treatments, including herbicide and mowing, likely shaped the prairie community. Tree regeneration and nonnative plants in particular may have been affected by these techniques. The prairie plant community continues to be moderately diverse despite recent increases in tree seedlings and small saplings. Species richness varied over time and was correlated with precipitation; diversity indices (H′ and J′) were similar across monitored years. Species guilds (also known as functional groups) demonstrated differing patterns. Woody plants, long a concern at the park, were abundant and statistically similar across years. Many guilds were quite variable across the sites, but nonnative forbs declined, and nonnative grasses increased. Overstory trees and canopy cover, measured for the first time in 2020, have likely influenced the composition of one site. The composition of this site points to a shrubland-savanna community. Four of the sites tended towards shrubland rather than tallgrass prairie. The vegetation monitoring protocol experienced some changes between 2008 and 2020. A key difference was a shift from sampling twice during the field season to sampling only once in a monitoring year. An anticipated decline in species richness was observed in 2012 and 2016, but we were unable to isolate sample design as the cause. Additionally, we remedied inconsistencies in how tree regeneration was recorded by tallying seedlings and saplings in the field. Our quality assurance procedures indicated that our observer error from pseudoturnover was 20.2%, meeting our expectations. Cover class estimates agreed 73% of the time, with all disagreements within one cover class. Coordinating management actions to achieve plant community goals like structure and composition of tallgrass prairie will be critical to the survival of the prairie species at the park. Fire and nonnative plant treatments along with the reduction of woody cover including trees are needed to arrest the transition to savanna and woodland community types. Frequent prescribed fire is an integral process for this community and there is no equivalent substitute. Continued focus on management for the desired tallgrass prairie community will also provide needed habitat for imperiled pollinators such as the monarch butterfly. Best management practices for pollinators on federal lands specify that treatments (prescribed fire, mowing or haying) should not occur during the blooming season or when pollinator breeding, egg, larval or pupal stages are present.
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