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Journal articles on the topic 'Stack models'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 10 March 2023

Last updated: 31 July 2025

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1

Zhou, Wei, Haoran Li, Shiya Wen, et al. "Simulation of Soil Organic Carbon Content Based on Laboratory Spectrum in the Three-Rivers Source Region of China." Remote Sensing 14, no. 6 (2022): 1521. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/rs14061521.

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Soil organic carbon (SOC) changes affect the land carbon cycle and are also closely related to climate change. Visible-near infrared spectroscopy (Vis-NIRS) has proven to be an effective tool in predicting soil properties. Spectral transformations are necessary to reduce noise and ensemble learning methods can improve the estimation accuracy of SOC. Yet, it is still unclear which is the optimal ensemble learning method exploiting the results of spectral transformations to accurately simulate SOC content changes in the Three-Rivers Source Region of China. In this study, 272 soil samples were co

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Wu, Chien-Chang, and Tsung-Lin Chen. "Dynamic Modeling of a Parallel-Connected Solid Oxide Fuel Cell Stack System." Energies 13, no. 2 (2020): 501. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en13020501.

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This study proposes novel simulation methods to model the power delivery function of a parallel-connected solid-oxide-fuel-cell stack system. The proposed methods are then used to investigate the possible thermal runaway induced by the performance mismatch between the employed stacks. A challenge in this modeling study is to achieve the same output voltage but different output current for each employed stack. Conventional fuel-cell models cannot be used, because they employ fuel flow rates and stack currents as the input variables. These two variables are unknown in the parallel-connected stac

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Raju, S. M. Taslim Uddin, Amlan Sarker, Apurba Das, et al. "An Approach for Demand Forecasting in Steel Industries Using Ensemble Learning." Complexity 2022 (February 25, 2022): 1–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2022/9928836.

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This paper aims to introduce a robust framework for forecasting demand, including data preprocessing, data transformation and standardization, feature selection, cross-validation, and regression ensemble framework. Bagging (random forest regression (RFR)), boosting (gradient boosting regression (GBR) and extreme gradient boosting regression (XGBR)), and stacking (STACK) are employed as ensemble models. Different machine learning (ML) approaches, including support vector regression (SVR), extreme learning machine (ELM), and multilayer perceptron neural network (MLP), are adopted as reference mo

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Babaie Rizvandi, Omid, and Robert Braun. "Utilizing Neural Networks for Optimizing the Performance of Solid Oxide Cell Stacks." ECS Meeting Abstracts MA2024-02, no. 48 (2024): 3342. https://doi.org/10.1149/ma2024-02483342mtgabs.

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Solid oxide cells (SOCs) are one of the promising energy conversion devices due to their high efficiency and relevance to many commercial and industrial applications. Much development progress has been made in the last 10-years improving the scale-up, degradation, and commercialization outlook globally. Further commercialization of the SOCs necessitates a deeper understanding of their complex internal processes. Experimental methods, albeit valuable, are constrained by cost and time and often cannot capture intricate details like distributions of species, current density, and temperature. Ther

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Ma, Zhiwen, Ramki Venkataraman, and Mohammad Farooque. "Study of the Gas Flow Distribution and Heat Transfer for Externally Manifolded Fuel Cell Stack Module Using Computational Fluid Dynamics Method." Journal of Fuel Cell Science and Technology 1, no. 1 (2004): 49–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/1.1794155.

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Uniform gas flow distribution in a fuel cell system is desired to attain maximum power operation potential. Two types of manifold systems are often used in fuel cell stacks; they are internal manifold system and external manifold system. This paper presents the modeling approach using the Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) method in analyzing fluid flow and heat transfer for the external manifold fuel cell stacks and stack module design. Computational models based on a Megawatt carbonate fuel cell stack module have been developed for investigating the fuel and oxidant flow distributions throug

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Akal, D., K. Kahveci, and A. Cihan. "Mathematical Modelling of Drying of Rough Rice in Stacks." Food Science and Technology International 13, no. 6 (2007): 437–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1082013207087814.

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In this study, drying behaviour of rough rice stacks up to 30 cm is simulated with several models. The suitability of models is determined by the statistical analysis by examining the values of correlation coefficient, standard deviation and mean squared deviation. The results showed that the best model to explain the drying characteristics of rough rice stack is the Midilli et al. model and the coefficients and exponent in the Midilli et al. model could be expressed as functions of drying temperatures and stack height. Statistical analyses also showed that among the models with two coefficien

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Floerchinger, Gus, Chris Cadigan, Neal P. Sullivan, and Rob J. Braun. "Characterizing the Performance of kW-Scale Multi-Stack Solid Oxide Fuel Cell Modules through Modeling." ECS Meeting Abstracts MA2023-01, no. 54 (2023): 125. http://dx.doi.org/10.1149/ma2023-0154125mtgabs.

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Commercial-scale SOFC systems are comprised of power modules that contain multiple SOFC stacks. In the last decade, there has been much work on individual SOFC stack development and SOFC systems at the commercial scale (100-1000 kWe). Development of these commercial systems often utilizes models of a single representative SOFC stack to simulate the system’s prime mover. In practice, however, these representative single-stack SOFC models fail to consider the effects that arise due to the reality of multi-stack power modules used to construct commercial scale systems. Effects such as flow maldis

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FIORENZA, DOMENICO, CHRISTOPHER L. ROGERS та URS SCHREIBER. "A HIGHER CHERN–WEIL DERIVATION OF AKSZ σ-MODELS". International Journal of Geometric Methods in Modern Physics 10, № 01 (2012): 1250078. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0219887812500788.

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Chern–Weil theory provides for each invariant polynomial on a Lie algebra 𝔤 a map from 𝔤-connections to differential cocycles whose volume holonomy is the corresponding Chern–Simons theory action functional. Kotov and Strobl have observed that this naturally generalizes from Lie algebras to dg-manifolds and to dg-bundles and that the Chern–Simons action functional associated this way to an n-symplectic manifold is the action functional of the AKSZ σ-model whose target space is the given n-symplectic manifold (examples of this are the Poisson σ-model or the Courant σ-model, including ordinary C

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Ibarra, Oscar H., and Ian McQuillan. "Generalizations of Checking Stack Automata: Characterizations and Hierarchies." International Journal of Foundations of Computer Science 32, no. 05 (2021): 481–508. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0129054121410045.

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We examine different generalizations of checking stack automata by allowing multiple input heads and multiple stacks, and characterize their computing power in terms of two-way multi-head finite automata and space-bounded Turing machines. For various models, we obtain hierarchies in terms of their computing power. Our characterizations and hierarchies expand or tighten some previously known results. We also discuss some decidability questions and the space/time complexity of the models.

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Floerchinger, Gus, Chris Cadigan, Neal P. Sullivan, and Rob J. Braun. "Characterizing the Performance of kW-Scale Multi-Stack Solid Oxide Fuel Cell Modules through Modeling." ECS Transactions 111, no. 6 (2023): 803–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1149/11106.0803ecst.

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The development of commercial SOFC systems often utilizes models of a single representative SOFC stack to simulate the system’s prime mover. In practice, however, these representative single-stack SOFC models fail to consider effects due to the reality of multi-stack power modules needed to construct commercial-scale systems. Effects such as flow maldistribution, inter-stack heat transfer, and area-specific resistance (ASR) variation between stack units within a single module will create deviations in performance from a single stack-based system simulation. The following outlines efforts to co

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Li, Yang, Xing Shen, Xiping Kou, and Li Yu. "Design, experiment, and verification of a heating and insulation structure for the piezoelectric stack." Journal of Intelligent Material Systems and Structures 31, no. 5 (2020): 719–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1045389x19898260.

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In the low-temperature environment, temperature reduction affects the properties and actuation performance of the piezoelectric stack. To solve this problem, a practical and effective heating and insulation structure, based on the working characteristics of the piezoelectric stack, is proposed in this article. Thermal conductivity models of the piezoelectric stack under two heating modes—whole heating and local heating—are developed and validated by finite element simulation analysis. The heating and insulation structure has been built according to the theoretical model, and the experimental t

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Zuo, Huiyan, Qiu Yang, Po-Ya Abel Chuang, Ruiming Zhang, and Pang-Chieh Sui. "Numerical Investigation of Flow Distribution in PEMFC and Pemwe Stacks Considering Two-Phase Flow in the Stack Headers." ECS Meeting Abstracts MA2024-01, no. 34 (2024): 1687. http://dx.doi.org/10.1149/ma2024-01341687mtgabs.

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PEM fuel cell (PEMFC) and PEM water electrolyzer (PEMWE) stacks are assembled by connecting a series of unit cells. The stack headers are conduits formed by the ports of these unit cells; see Fig. 1(a). The flow field in the headers affects the flow uniformity of the stack, which significantly impacts the stack’s performance and lifespan. This study aims to investigate the fluid flows in the stack headers of PEMFC and PEMWE. A specific objective of this study is to understand how two-phase flow (liquid water and gases) in the headers would impact the flow distribution inside the stacks. The pr

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Mulyazmi, Wan Ramli Wan Daud, and Edy Herianto Majlan. "Design Models of Polymer Electrolyte Membrane Fuel Cell System." Key Engineering Materials 447-448 (September 2010): 554–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.447-448.554.

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One important aspect to develop fuel cell design is to use the concept of computational models. Mathematical modeling can be used to help research complex, estimates the optimal performance of fuel cells stack, compare several different processes, save costs and time in the investigation. This paper focuses on several reviews of research models to develop the system design of the Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cell (PEMFC). Purposes of this study are to determine the factors that affect system performance include: stack of PEMFC system, water management system and Supply of reactants to the PEM

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Cheng, Hui, Yuan Li, Kai Fu Zhang, and Bin Luo. "An Efficient Model for Trust Force Dynamic Analysis in Drilling of CFRP/AL Stack." Applied Mechanics and Materials 249-250 (December 2012): 263–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.249-250.263.

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CFRP/AL stacks are widely used in modern aircraft manufacturing industry. Thrust force is the most important element which will cause delamination in the drilling of stack. This paper developed a thrust force dynamic analysis model for drilling of CFRP/AL stack, by firstly, representing the drilling process into a five-stage model. Secondly, the dynamic thrust force is decomposed into two parts (sub models for CFRP and AL drilling). Thirdly, the thrust force components on both tool major cutting edge and chisel edge is developed according to the analysis on infinitesimal cutting unit in both s

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ATIG, MOHAMED FAOUZI, K. NARAYAN KUMAR, and PRAKASH SAIVASAN. "ADJACENT ORDERED MULTI-PUSHDOWN SYSTEMS." International Journal of Foundations of Computer Science 25, no. 08 (2014): 1083–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0129054114400255.

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Multi-pushdown systems are formal models of multi-threaded programs. As they are Turing powerful in their full generality, several decidable subclasses, constituting under-approximations of the original system, have been studied in the recent years. Ordered Multi-Pushdown Systems (OMPDSs) impose an order on the stacks and limit pop actions to the lowest non-empty stack. The control state reachability for OMPDSs is 2-ETIME-COMPLETE. We propose a restriction on OMPDSs, called Adjacent OMPDSs (AOMPDS), where values may be pushed only on the lowest non-empty stack or one of its two neighbours. We

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Liegener, Christopher-Maria, Rung Shen Chen, Peter Otto, and Janos Ladik. "Effects of hydration and stacking interactions on the electronic structure of DNA models." Collection of Czechoslovak Chemical Communications 53, no. 9 (1988): 1946–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.1135/cccc19881946.

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The energy band structures of a cytosine, adenine, and guanine stack in the presence of water have been calculated by the ab initio crystal-orbital method. The surrounding water molecules have been simulated by arrays of point charges, using for their positions the results of previous Monte-Carlo calculations of the corresponding polynucleotides. Furthermore, the effects of internucleotide interactions have been studied on the basis of calculations on base dimer stacks in comparison to the corresponding dimers and monomers.

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Shenoy, Ajith, Sushma Ravindra Y, Akash Sharma, Akshay Rajan, and Akshay GV. "NLP Models Behind RASA Stack." International Journal of Engineering and Advanced Technology 8, no. 5s (2019): 62–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.35940/ijeat.e1013.0585s19.

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This paper brings about the foundation of a platform for conversational AI the Rasa platform. This Rasa stack contains a block of open source machine learning tools exclusively used in intend to create a contextual chatbots and assistants. The services hold by this platform undergoes a major classification of powerful APIs and embedded together with Rasa stack which includes Rasa core and Rasa NLU in the form of an event stream discussed throughout this paper and also the algorithm involved in building upon this platform. Its ingredients include the Bag of words algorithm helping in simplifyin

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Song, Zhonghui, Xingyu Xiong, Liming Ba, and Kao Liang. "Experiment-based simulation of a cross-flow large-scale SOFC model." E3S Web of Conferences 416 (2023): 01034. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202341601034.

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The multi-physical field full-coupling simulation of solid oxide fuel cell (SOFC) stack requires huge computational resources. Repeated iteration of highly non-linear calculation is easy to cause oscillation and lead to solution failure. At present, the simulation of SOFC stack models mainly focuses on the co-flow condition and counter-flow condition models. Most of them are simplified models that simplify the stack scale or physical field. In this paper, a SOFC decoupling model based on machine learning is established, and the full three-dimensional and multi-physical fields of the cross-flow

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Milewski, Andrzej, Piotr Kluk, Witold Kardyś, and Paweł Kogut. "Modelling and Designing of Ultrasonic Welding Systems." Archives of Acoustics 40, no. 1 (2015): 93–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/aoa-2015-0011.

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Abstract This article presents the main stages and challenges in modelling and designing of modern ultrasonic welding and cutting systems. First, the key components of such a system, such as an ultrasonic stack (con- sisting of a high power ultrasonic transducer and a sonotrode) and a digitally controlled ultrasonic power supply with precise control of the output power, have been considered. Next, a concept of measurement system for verification and validation of mathematical models of ultrasonic stacks and its components has been presented. Finally, a method of ultrasonic stack e-diagnosis ba

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20

Özbaltan, Mete. "Hidden Abstract Stack Markov Models with Learning Process." Mathematics 12, no. 13 (2024): 2144. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/math12132144.

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We present hidden abstract stack Markov models (HASMMs) with their learning process. The HASMMs we offer carry the more expressive nature of probabilistic context-free grammars (PCFGs) while allowing faster parameter fitting of hidden Markov models (HMMs). Both HMMs and PCFGs are widely utilized structured models, offering an effective formalism capable of describing diverse phenomena. PCFGs are better accommodated than HMMs such as for expressing natural language processing; however, HMMs outperform PCFGs for parameter fitting. We extend HMMs towards PCFGs for such applications, by associatin

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Takei, Kenta, Wataru Kitagawa, Takaharu Takeshita, and Yoshio Fujimura. "Analysis of a Serial/Parallel Type of Electromagnetic Actuator." Sensors 20, no. 10 (2020): 2762. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s20102762.

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This paper describes the design and analysis of a small-sized and high thrust electromagnetic actuator. The proposed actuator is supposed to be used for application control of the hotmelt adhesive. The hotmelt has different characteristics for each material and the electromagnetic actuator is required variable characteristics. However, the problem seems to lie in the fact that it is necessary to remake another mold again to change the characteristics of the conventional electromagnetic actuator. Therefore, this paper presents small-sized electromagnetic actuator called a basic model that can s

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Wang, Rui, and Bo Liu. "Applicability Analysis of Pre-Stack Inversion in Carbonate Karst Reservoir." Energies 15, no. 15 (2022): 5598. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en15155598.

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Although pre-stack inversion has been carried out on reservoir prediction, few studies have focused on the application of pre-stack for seismic inversion in fractured-cavity carbonate reservoirs. In carbonate rock, complicated combinations and fluid predictions in karst caves are remain unclear. Post-stack methods are commonly used to predict the position, size, and fillings of caves, but pre-stack inversion is seldom applied in carbonate karst reservoirs. This paper proposes a pre-stack inversion method for forward modeling data and oil survey seismic data, using both points to indicate the a

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Faddeev, Nikita, Evgeny Anisimov, Maxim Belichenko, Alexandra Kuriganova, and Nina Smirnova. "Investigation of the Ambient Temperature Influence on the PEMFC Characteristics: Modeling from a Single Cell to a Stack." Processes 9, no. 12 (2021): 2117. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/pr9122117.

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Power supply systems based on air-cooled proton exchange membrane fuel cell (PEMFC) stacks are becoming more popular as power sources for mobile applications. We try to create a PEMFC model that allows for predicting the PEMFC operation in various climatic conditions. A total of two models were developed and used: the membrane electrode assemble (MEA) model and the PEMFC stack model. The developed MEA model allows to determine the influence of external factors (temperature) on the PEMFC power density. The data obtained using the developed model correlate with experimental data at low ambient t

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Rizzo, Riccardo, Seetharaman Parashuraman, Peppino Mirabelli, Claudia Puri, John Lucocq, and Alberto Luini. "The dynamics of engineered resident proteins in the mammalian Golgi complex relies on cisternal maturation." Journal of Cell Biology 201, no. 7 (2013): 1027–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.1083/jcb.201211147.

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After leaving the endoplasmic reticulum, secretory proteins traverse several membranous transport compartments before reaching their destinations. How they move through the Golgi complex, a major secretory station composed of stacks of membranous cisternae, is a central yet unsettled issue in membrane biology. Two classes of mechanisms have been proposed. One is based on cargo-laden carriers hopping across stable cisternae and the other on “maturing” cisternae that carry cargo forward while progressing through the stack. A key difference between the two concerns the behavior of Golgi-resident

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Guarnieri, Massimo, Davide Bordignon, Vincenzo Maiorana, Nicolò Zatta, and Andrea Trovò. "Foundational Multiphysics Investigation of Loss Effectsin Redox Flow Battery Stacks." ECS Meeting Abstracts MA2025-01, no. 27 (2025): 1512. https://doi.org/10.1149/ma2025-01271512mtgabs.

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Modeling redox flow battery (RFB) stacks is crucial for understanding the interplay of physical, chemical, and electrochemical processes that govern their performance. While the majority of multiphysics models has been focused on materials and small-scale devices [1] only basic lumped circuit or semi-analytical models have been proposed for modelling flow batteries stacks at industrial scale level [2,3]. Beside their simplicity, they often fail to capture the spatially resolved flux distributions and coupled transport phenomena critical for stack-level optimization, notably species crossover a

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Matsumoto, Ryuki, Tsutomu Takayama, Takayuki Tsukamoto, and Ippei Tsujimura. "Integration of Machine Learning Models into Three-Dimensional Numerical Simulation of Polymer Electrolyte Membrane Fuel Cells." ECS Meeting Abstracts MA2023-02, no. 37 (2023): 1705. http://dx.doi.org/10.1149/ma2023-02371705mtgabs.

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Numerical simulations are powerful tools for understanding phenomena in Polymer Electrolyte Membrane Fuel Cells (PEMFCs) and developing PEMFCs with high performance and durability. We have been developing a three-dimensional (3D) PEMFC simulator P-Stack [1]. P-Stack can perform 3D cell/stack simulations for long-time operation about 10 ~ 100 hours at most. However, fuel cell degradation occurs on longer time scales. To simulate such very long time scales within acceptable computational time, the computational speed need to be improved innovatively. As one of the approaches, we have integrated

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Manoj Tarambale. "Mathematical Models for Smart Grid Load Balancing." Panamerican Mathematical Journal 34, no. 4 (2024): 403–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.52783/pmj.v34.i4.1901.

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Stack adjusting should be exhausted more progressed ways since advanced control lines are getting more complicated and green vitality sources are being included increasingly. "Scientific Models for Keen Lattice Stack Adjusting" looks at how scientific models can be made and utilized to move forward how power loads are overseen and distributed in keen networks. This investigate looks into distinctive ways to create the lattice more solid and effective, such as utilizing optimization strategies, prescient models, and machine learning. Request reaction, real-time stack forecasts, and the combinat

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Мачуга, O. С., and Т. В. Олянишен. "Using Solidworks Simulation tool for automated design of drying chambers and study of their operation parameters." Scientific Bulletin of UNFU 34, no. 2 (2024): 109–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.36930/40340214.

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The paper proposes a modern approach to the automated design of three-dimensional models of wood drying chambers and the study of their operation parameters using the SolidWorks Simulation tool, which makes it possible to create various information models using computer tools. Therefore, in this paper, a three-dimensional model of a wood drying chamber was developed and presented, which includes its main components: walls, ceilings, door, stacks of lumber to be dried, a fresh air supply system, a system for its circulation through fans and heating through heaters. For the automated design of t

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Gharehgozli, Amir, Orkideh Gharehgozli, and Kunpeng Li. "Mixed Integer Programming Models on Scheduling Automated Stacking Cranes." International Journal of Business Analytics 8, no. 4 (2021): 11–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/ijban.2021100102.

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Automated deep-sea container terminals are the main hubs to move millions of containers in today's global supply chains. Terminal operators often decouple the landside and waterside operations by stacking containers in stacks perpendicular to the quay. Traditionally, a single automated stacking cranes (ASC) is deployed at each stack to handle containers. A recent trend is to use new configurations with more than one crane to improve efficiency. A variety of new configurations have been implemented, such as twin, double, and triple ASCs. In this paper, the authors explore and review the mixed i

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Camacho, Luis, Secundino Marrero, Carlos Quinatoa, and Carlos Pacheco. "Emulation of a PEM Fuel Cell Stack from its Generic and Polynomial Model using Simulink." WSEAS TRANSACTIONS ON CIRCUITS AND SYSTEMS 23 (July 26, 2024): 92–103. http://dx.doi.org/10.37394/23201.2024.23.9.

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This paper will discuss the simulation of a PEMFC fuel cell stack based on its generic characteristics. To achieve the set objective, a fuel cell model capable of replicating its electrical characteristics was developed, showcasing the polynomial approximation-based proposed models and the generic model. The validation of these suggested models involved conducting simulations utilizing converters and comparing the outcomes with those produced by the Simulink fuel cell stack block. The fuel cell instance underwent testing to reproduce the electrical behavior of the cell, devoid of the specific

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Guo, Hongrui, Wenli Zhang, Zishu Yu, and Mingyu Chen. "Queueing-Theoretic Performance Analysis of a Low-Entropy Labeled Network Stack." Intelligent Computing 2022 (September 5, 2022): 1–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.34133/2022/9863054.

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Theoretical modeling is a popular method for quantitative analysis and performance prediction of computer systems, including cloud systems. Low entropy cloud (i.e., low interference among workloads and low system jitter) is becoming a new trend, where the Labeled Network Stack (LNS) based server is a good case to gain orders of magnitude performance improvement compared to servers based on traditional network stacks. However, it is desirable to figure out 1) where the low tail latency and the low entropy of LNS mainly come from, compared with mTCP, a typical user-space network stack in academi

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Patil, Dr Ritesh, Vaishali Gentyal, Vaishnavi Mudaliar, Gauri Kanpurne, and Devyani Ambi. "College Website Using MERN Stack." International Journal for Research in Applied Science and Engineering Technology 10, no. 4 (2022): 1096–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.22214/ijraset.2022.41450.

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Abstract: College Website is that the Growing significance of internet sites for various organizations is well known. Today, a well-planned digital strategy plays a significant role in an institution’s marketing strategies — especially considering younger generations’ growing dependence on technology. Put simply, a well-designed website will facilitate you’re engaging, current students, connect with prospective ones, and inform parents all without delay. It encompasses promoting school events, displaying course offerings, and showcasing campus life, etc. during this paper, we discuss the model

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Mogelsvang, Soren, Natalia Gomez-Ospina, Jon Soderholm, Benjamin S. Glick, and L. Andrew Staehelin. "Tomographic Evidence for Continuous Turnover of Golgi Cisternae in Pichia pastoris." Molecular Biology of the Cell 14, no. 6 (2003): 2277–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.1091/mbc.e02-10-0697.

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The budding yeast Pichia pastoris contains ordered Golgi stacks next to discrete transitional endoplasmic reticulum (tER) sites, making this organism ideal for structure–function studies of the secretory pathway. Here, we have used P. pastoris to test various models for Golgi trafficking. The experimental approach was to analyze P. pastoris tER-Golgi units by using cryofixed and freeze-substituted cells for electron microscope tomography, immunoelectron microscopy, and serial thin section analysis of entire cells. We find that tER sites and the adjacent Golgi stacks are enclosed in a ribosome-

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Klass, Lukas, Alexander Kabza, Frank Sehnke, Katharina Strecker, and Markus Hölzle. "A Fuel Cell’s Big Brother: Artificial Intelligence for Monitoring Fuel Cells." ECS Meeting Abstracts MA2023-02, no. 37 (2023): 1802. http://dx.doi.org/10.1149/ma2023-02371802mtgabs.

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The operation of fuel cell stacks on test benches today is typically monitored by constant alarm threshold values for selected operating conditions. However, due to the wide range of operating conditions of the stacks, this type of monitoring only works for extreme maximum and minimum operating conditions. Wide setting ranges for thresholds prevent the detection of minor faults, whereas too narrow limits will interrupt the tests unnecessarily. A particular challenge is the monitoring of faults that either do not result in a directly measured response from the fuel-cell stack or that only becom

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Ryoo, Won Sun, and Jinsu Yoo. "Study on Key Parameters of Reverse Electrodialysis (RED) Cell-Stack Performance Based on Equivalent Circuit Model." ECS Meeting Abstracts MA2022-02, no. 50 (2022): 2550. http://dx.doi.org/10.1149/ma2022-02502550mtgabs.

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Reverse electrodialysis (RED) is a direct process to convert salinity-gradient energy to electricity utilizing ion exchange membranes. The current density of a unit cell based on normal area of ion exchange membrane is well related to the membrane resistances, channel structure, flowrates and salinities of dilute and concentrate water feed. Alternate stacking of cation and anion exchange membranes enables directional control of ion migration relaxing the concentration gradient, and it increases the voltage in proportion to stack number. High salinity of concentrate water often causes parasitic

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Hmad, Ali A., and Nihad Dukhan. "Cooling Design for PEM Fuel-Cell Stacks Employing Air and Metal Foam: Simulation and Experiment." Energies 14, no. 9 (2021): 2687. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en14092687.

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A new study investigating the cooling efficacy of air flow inside open-cell metal foam embedded in aluminum models of fuel-cell stacks is described. A model based on a commercial stack was simulated and tested experimentally. This stack has three proton exchange membrane (PEM) fuel cells, each having an active area of 100 cm2, with a total output power of 500 W. The state-of-the-art cooling of this stack employs water in serpentine flow channels. The new design of the current investigation replaces these channels with metal foam and replaces the actual fuel cells with aluminum plates. The cons

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Liang, Jingming, and Zefeng Wu. "Simulation and Optimization of Air-Cooled PEMFC Stack for Lightweight Hybrid Vehicle Application." Mathematical Problems in Engineering 2015 (2015): 1–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2015/738207.

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A model of 2 kW air-cooled proton exchange membrane fuel cell (PEMFC) stack has been built based upon the application of lightweight hybrid vehicle after analyzing the characteristics of heat transfer of the air-cooled stack. Different dissipating models of the air-cooled stack have been simulated and an optimal simulation model for air-cooled stack called convection heat transfer (CHT) model has been figured out by applying the computational fluid dynamics (CFD) software, based on which, the structure of the air-cooled stack has been optimized by adding irregular cooling fins at the end of th

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Zhou, Yinghong, Weihao Yang, Zhijing Yang, and Ruihan Chen. "Optimal Sizing of Electric Vehicle Charging Stacks Considering a Multiscenario Strategy and User Satisfaction." Electronics 13, no. 16 (2024): 3176. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/electronics13163176.

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The rapid growth of EVs relies on the development of supporting infrastructure, e.g., charging stations (CSs). The sizing problem of a CS typically involves minimizing the investment costs. Therefore, a flexible and precise sizing strategy is crucial. However, the existing methods suffer from the following issues: (1) they do not consider charging station deployments based on the charging stack; (2) existing sizing strategies based on smart charging technology consider a single scenario and fail to meet the demand for flexible operation under multiple scenarios in real-life situations. This pa

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Mänken, Christian Frederik, Dominik Schäfer, Rudiger-A. Eichel, and Felix Kunz. "Automatic Data Curation and Analysis Pipeline for Electrochemical Impedance Spectroscopy Measurements Conducted on Solid Oxide Cell Stacks." ECS Transactions 111, no. 6 (2023): 373–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.1149/11106.0373ecst.

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In this work, we apply data from Electrochemical Impedance Spectroscopy (EIS) measurements, conducted on a Solid Oxide Cell (SOC) stack, to an automatic data curation and evaluation pipeline. Latter is developed to enable the use of historic data from EIS measurements conducted on SOC stack experiments for Machine Learning (ML) models. We show that the proposed procedure can curate parasitic, inductive impedances, obtained as a common effect of measurements on stack level. In addition, drifts induced by temperature and by steam supply gradients during the EIS measurement can be compensated. Th

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Umar, Ibrahim Haruna, Hang Lin, Hongwei Liu, and Rihong Cao. "HELIOS-Stack: A Novel Hybrid Ensemble Learning Approach for Precise Joint Roughness Coefficient Prediction in Rock Discontinuity Analysis." Materials 18, no. 8 (2025): 1807. https://doi.org/10.3390/ma18081807.

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Accurate joint roughness coefficient (JRC) estimation is crucial for understanding rock mass mechanical behavior, yet existing predictive models show limitations in capturing complex morphological characteristics of geological surfaces. This study developed an advanced hybrid ensemble learning methodology (HELIOS-Stack) to enhance JRC prediction accuracy by integrating multiple machine learning models and statistical analysis techniques. The research implemented a hybrid ensemble approach combining random forest regression, XGBoost, LightGBM, support vector regression, multilayer perceptron mo

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Amirfazli, Amir, Saeed Asghari, and Mehrdad Bazazzadeh. "An Analytical and Experimental Study on Coolant Flow and Temperature Distribution within Pem Fuel Cell Stack." Applied Mechanics and Materials 390 (August 2013): 301–5. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.390.301.

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In the present study, a mathematical model is developed for investigation of coolant flow and temperature distribution within PEMFC stack. The model consists of two main sub models: (1) a coolant flow distribution model, which is used to determine the coolant mass flow distribution between different cooling flow fields of the fuel cell stack; and (2) a thermal model, which computes the coolant temperature increase along the flow field and also the temperature distribution within each cell of the stack. By using this model, optimized amount of effective parameters on stack coolant flow and temp

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Ali, Jafar A., Loghman Khodakarami, and Brosk F. Ali. "Simulation of Flare Discharged from Oil Fields, Integration of Remote Sensing, Laboratory and Mathematical Models." ARO-THE SCIENTIFIC JOURNAL OF KOYA UNIVERSITY 13, no. 1 (2025): 185–89. https://doi.org/10.14500/aro.11982.

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The prevailing practice in Iraq and the Middle East involves the flaring of gas into the atmosphere by a majority of oil and gas industries. This practice, however, is causing significant harm to the environment, personnel, and equipment. Consequently, determining the optimal location for the flare stack within an oil field has become a primary concern in the design of oil field processes. To address this issue, an in-depth analysis of the flame distribution from oil field flare stacks has been undertaken, focusing on assessing both the size and configuration of the flare. The investigation sp

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Shen, Wei, Lei Fan, Zhirong Pan, Chunguang Chen, Ning Wang, and Su Zhou. "Comparison of Different Topologies of Thermal Management Subsystems in Multi-Stack Fuel Cell Systems." Energies 15, no. 14 (2022): 5030. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en15145030.

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The performance of a fuel cell stack is affected by the operating temperature of the stack. The thermal management subsystem of a multi-stack fuel cell system (MFCS) is particularly significant for the operating temperature control of each stack in the MFCS. To study the influence of different topologies of a MFCS thermal management subsystem, this paper proposes and establishes two different topologies. Firstly, the integrated topology is proposed. Secondly, seven component models, namely the mixer, thermostat, radiator, tank, pump, bypass value, and proton exchange membrane fuel cell stack t

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Kokorelis, Christos. "Sterile neutrino from D-brane models." Journal of Physics: Conference Series 2375, no. 1 (2022): 012013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/2375/1/012013.

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Abstract We discuss the appearance of sterile neutrino in D-brane models. In the simplest case, the sterile neutrino (SN) appears from a 5-stack intersecting D6-brane model with a gauged baryon number. SM is mixed with a single generation of left handed active neutrinos and a right handed neutrino.

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Vasyukov, Ivan. "Computer Models of Pem Fuel Cells for the Study of Transient Modes in Electrical Power Supply Complexes." Известия высших учебных заведений. Электромеханика 64, no. 3 (2021): 60–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.17213/0136-3360-2021-3-60-67.

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Static and dynamic computer models of fuel cells are considered. A static model is determined that most ac-curately reproduces the current-voltage characteristic of a real fuel cell. A method for tuning it according to the experimental I - V characteristic by the least squares method is proposed. A method for its adjustment ac-cording to the experimental I - V characteristic by the method of gradient descent is proposed. A modified elec-trical equivalent circuit of a fuel cell has been developed, which simulates its dynamic response, taking into ac-count the damping effect of eddy currents dur

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Kamau, Eunice, Teemu Myllynen, Anuoluwapo Collins, Gideon Opeyemi Babatunde, and Abidemi Adeleye Alabi. "Advances in Full-Stack Development Frameworks: A Comprehensive Review of Security and Compliance Models." International Journal of Multidisciplinary Research and Growth Evaluation 5, no. 1 (2024): 1172–85. https://doi.org/10.54660/.ijmrge.2024.5.1.1172-1185.

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The evolution of full-stack development frameworks has revolutionized the software development landscape, enabling seamless integration of front-end and back-end functionalities. With increasing reliance on web and mobile applications, security and compliance have become critical focal points in framework design and implementation. This review examines advances in full-stack development frameworks, emphasizing their security and compliance models to address modern-day challenges such as data breaches, unauthorized access, and regulatory non-compliance. The study explores prominent full-stack f

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Kamau, Eunice, Teemu Myllynen, Anuoluwapo Collins, Gideon Opeyemi Babatunde, and Abidemi Adeleye Alabi. "Advances in Full-Stack Development Frameworks: A Comprehensive Review of Security and Compliance Models." International Journal of Multidisciplinary Research and Growth Evaluation 4, no. 1 (2023): 639–52. https://doi.org/10.54660/.ijmrge.2023.4.1.639-652.

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The evolution of full-stack development frameworks has revolutionized the software development landscape, enabling seamless integration of front-end and back-end functionalities. With increasing reliance on web and mobile applications, security and compliance have become critical focal points in framework design and implementation. This review examines advances in full-stack development frameworks, emphasizing their security and compliance models to address modern-day challenges such as data breaches, unauthorized access, and regulatory non-compliance. The study explores prominent full-stack f

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Hasegawa, Shigeki, Yoshihiro Ikogi, Sanghong Kim, Miho Kageyama, and Motoaki Kawase. "Modeling of the dynamic behavior of an integrated fuel cell system including fuel cell stack, air system, hydrogen system, and cooling system." ECS Transactions 109, no. 9 (2022): 15–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.1149/10909.0015ecst.

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1-dimentional (1-D) physical modeling methods of the dynamic behavior of an integrated fuel cell (FC) system are investigated, which consist of the models of the FC stack and subsystems of the air, hydrogen (H2), and cooling systems. To ensure numerical simulation of the entire FC system in life-long system operation (> 10 years) in acceptable calculation time, a proper model resolution is selected. The subsystem models are integrated with the FC stack model and controllers developed in our previous research to build a closed-loop simulator of an integrated FC system. It demonstrated that t

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Greco, Fabio, Arata Nakajo, Zacharie Wuillemin, and herle Han Van. "The Effects of Component Tolerances on the Thermo-Mechanical Reliability of SOFC Stacks." ECS Transactions, 78, no. 1 (2017): 2271–83. https://doi.org/10.1149/07801.2271ecst.

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The reliability of solid oxide fuel cell (SOFC) systems is closing the gap to meet the requirements for market implementation. Finite-element (FE) stack models, typically used for stack reliability analyses, commonly consider idealized components. In reality, dimensions and geometry of the produced stack components have statistical variations. The resulting variability in shape is expected to have an impact on the distribution of the contact pressure over the cell active area. In this study, the initial deformation of the metallic interconnect (MIC) is implemented in the stack model. The simul

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Tung, Lun Hao, Fei Chong Ng, Aizat Abas, M. Z. Abdullah, Zambri Samsudin, and Mohd Yusuf Tura Ali. "Effect of different temperature distribution on multi-stack BGA package." Microelectronics International 38, no. 2 (2021): 33–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/mi-10-2020-0066.

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Purpose This paper aims to determine the optimum set of temperatures through correlation study to attain the most effective capillary flow of underfill in a multi-stack ball grid array (BGA) chip device. Design/methodology/approach Finite volume method is implemented in the simulation. A three-layer multi-stack BGA is modeled to simulate the underfill flow. The simulated models were well validated with the previous experimental work on underfill process. Findings The completion filling time shows high regression R-squared value of up to 0.9918, which indicates a substantial acceleration on the

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