Journal articles: 'Stable Strontium isotopes'

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Pollard, A. M. "Isotopes and impact: a cautionary tale." Antiquity 85, no. 328 (May 2011): 631–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0003598x00068034.

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There can be no doubt that isotopic studies have made a huge contribution to archaeology in recent years, so much so that isotope archaeology is now seen as an essential subdiscipline of archaeology in much the same way as isotope geochemistry is a key subdiscipline of geochemistry. Ignoring for current purposes the contribution made by the measurement of a particular radioactive isotope of carbon (14C) since 1950, we can date the beginnings of isotope archaeology to the mid 1960s with the first measurements of lead isotopes in archaeological metals and slags by Brill and Wampler (1965, 1967). This was followed by carbon stable isotopes in human bone collagen in the late 1970s, building on previous work measuring σ13C in archaeological bone for radiocarbon determinations (Vogel & Van der Merwe 1977; Van der Merwe & Vogel 1978). Other isotopes followed rapidly, such as nitrogen, oxygen, sulphur and hydrogen for archaeological, palaeoecological or palaeoclimatological purposes and, more recently, the heavier radiogenic isotopes of strontium and neodymium for determining the provenance of organic and inorganic materials (Pollard & Heron 2008).

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Nguyen, Minh Quy, Long Hoang, Thi Thu Huong Le, Van Huan Luong, and Thi Tuong Hanh Vo. "Identifying the sources of produced water in the oil field by isotopic techniques." Nuclear Science and Technology 4, no. 2 (June 30, 2014): 32–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.53747/jnst.v4i2.226.

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The objective of this study is to identify the sources of the formation water in the Southwest Su Tu Den (STD SW) basement reservoir. To achieve the objective, isotopic techniques along with geochemical analysis for chloride, bromide, strontium dissolved in the water were applied. The isotopic techniques used in this study were the determination of water stable isotopes signatures (δ2H and δ18O) and of the 87Sr/86Sr ratio of strontium in rock cutting sample and that dissolved in the formation water. The obtained results showed that the stable isotopes compositions of water in the Lower Miocene was -3‰ and -23‰ for δ18O and δ2H, respectively indicating the primeval nature of seawater in the reservoir. Meanwhile, the isotopic composition of water in the basement was clustered in a range of alternated freshwater with δ18O and δ2H being –(3-4)‰ and -(54-60)‰, respectively). The strontium isotopes ratio for water in the Lower Miocene reservoir was lower compared to that for water in the basement confirming the different natures of the water in the two reservoirs. The obtained results are assured for the techniques applicability, and it is recommended that studies on identification of the flow-path of the formation water in the STD SW basement reservoir should be continued.

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Sehrawat, Jagmahender Singh, and Jaspreet Kaur. "Role of stable isotope analyses in reconstructing past life-histories and the provenancing human skeletal remains: a review." Anthropological Review 80, no. 3 (September 1, 2017): 243–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/anre-2017-0017.

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AbstractThis article reviews the present scenario of use of stable isotopes (mainly δ13C, δ15N, δ18O,87Sr) to trace past life behaviours like breast feeding and weaning practices, the geographic origin, migration history, paleodiet and subsistence patterns of past populations from the chemical signatures of isotopes imprinted in human skeletal remains. This approach is based on the state that food-web isotopic signatures are seen in the human bones and teeth and such signatures can change parallely with a variety of biogeochemical processes. By measuring δ13C and δ15N isotopic values of subadult tissues of different ages, the level of breast milk ingestion at particular ages and the components of the complementary foods can be assessed. Strontium and oxygen isotopic analyses have been used for determining the geographic origins and reconstructing the way of life of past populations as these isotopes can map the isotopic outline of the area from where the person acquired water and food during initial lifetime. The isotopic values of strontium and oxygen values are considered specific to geographical areas and serve as reliable chemical signatures of migration history of past human populations (local or non-local to the site). Previous isotopic studies show that the subsistence patterns of the past human populations underwent extensive changes from nomadic to complete agricultural dependence strategies. The carbon and nitrogen isotopic values of local fauna of any archaeological site can be used to elucidate the prominence of freshwater resources in the diet of the past human populations found near the site. More extensive research covering isotopic descriptions of various prehistoric, historic and modern populations is needed to explore the role of stable isotope analysis for provenancing human skeletal remains and assessing human migration patterns/routes, geographic origins, paleodiet and subsistence practices of past populations.

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Levenets, V. V., O. Yu Lonin, O. P. Omelnik, A. O. Shchur, and G. V. Prostantinov. "Determination of the deactivating properties of shampoos for cesium, strontium and cobalt." Nuclear Physics and Atomic Energy 24, no. 2 (June 25, 2023): 162–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.15407/jnpae2023.02.162.

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The decontamination properties of shampoos for cesium, strontium, and cobalt were determined. The method has been developed for determining the decontaminating properties of shampoos. The chemical part of the study includes the preparation of hair, which consists of forced pollution and subsequent washing. Stable isotopes were used in the work. This has increased the safety of staff during chemical hair research. The analytical part includes the quantitative determination of the cesium, strontium, and cobalt in the hair, which was carried out by the Particle-Induced X-ray Emission (PIXE) method using the analytical nuclear-physical complex "Sokol". Various shampoos were analyzed, and their decontamination properties were determined. During the research, various samples of shampoos, which are presented on the market of Ukraine, were considered. It has been established that TM "Ringo" shampoo has the best deactivating properties for cesium (Kd - 574.0) and insignificant deactivating properties for strontium (Kd - 3.1) and cobalt (Kd - 3.6). It was determined that with multi-isotope contamination (a mixture of cesium, strontium, and cobalt isotopes) decrease in the deactivation coefficient for all isotopes was observed, which is due to the competition factor of the isotopes in the complexation process with shampoo. Reduction of decontaminating properties was observed on all samples of shampoos.

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Zitek, A., J. Irrgeher, M. Cervicek, M. Horsky, M. Kletzl, T. Weismann, and T. Prohaska. "Individual-specific transgenerational marking of common carp Cyprinus carpio, L., using 86Sr/84Sr double spikes." Marine and Freshwater Research 65, no. 11 (2014): 978. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/mf13235.

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Transgenerational isotopic marking has been recognised as an efficient tool for mass marking of high numbers of fish larvae by injecting female spawners with enriched isotope solutions. So far, mainly enriched stable barium isotopes have been applied for this purpose. Here, we present an alternative approach for individual-specific transgenerational marking using strontium 86Sr/84Sr double spikes. Four isotonic double-spike solutions with different molar fractions of 86Sr and 84Sr and different total Sr concentrations were administered to four female spawners of common carp, Cyprinus carpio, L., by intraperitoneal injection, and one additional female spawner was injected a blank isotonic solution as control. Otoliths (lapilli) were sampled from juvenile offspring and analysed for their Sr isotopic composition by laser ablation–multi collector–inductively coupled plasma–mass spectrometry. Central otolith regions of the progeny of female carps treated with concentrations of at least 0.45 mg 84Sr kg–1 bodyweight and 2.28 mg 86Sr kg–1 bodyweight showed a significant shift of the absolute 88Sr/86Sr and 88Sr/84Sr isotope ratios from the natural baseline. Isotope pattern deconvolution was successfully applied for the identification of the originally injected 86Sr/84Sr molar fraction ratios of the individual double spikes. Enriched stable Sr isotope double spikes represent an important alternative to enriched stable Ba isotopes for transgenerational marking, especially in freshwater systems.

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Tchaikovsky, A., J. Irrgeher, A. Zitek, and T. Prohaska. "Isotope pattern deconvolution of different sources of stable strontium isotopes in natural systems." Journal of Analytical Atomic Spectrometry 32, no. 11 (2017): 2300–2307. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c7ja00251c.

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Halicz, Ludwik, Irina Segal, Noa Fruchter, Mordechai Stein, and Boaz Lazar. "Strontium stable isotopes fractionate in the soil environments?" Earth and Planetary Science Letters 272, no. 1-2 (July 2008): 406–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.epsl.2008.05.005.

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Fiket, Željka, Martina Furdek Turk, Maja Ivanić, and Goran Kniewald. "Non-traditional stable isotope signatures in geological matrices as a tool for interpreting environmental changes – a review." Geologia Croatica 74, no. 2 (June 30, 2021): 177–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.4154/gc.2021.12.

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The development of new analytical techniques enabled the precise determination of the expanded set of stable isotopes and provided new insight into existing geological issues. This review outlines recent studies of non-traditional isotope signatures in geological matrices, summarizing in one place, new data for the stable isotopes of Ca, Mg, Sr, Li, Ni, Cr, and Cu and their application in the interpretation of environmental processes. Although some, such as δ44Ca and δ26Mg, have previously been used to track changes in seawater chemistry throughout geological history, recent studies report their application as geochemical proxies of post-depositional processes. Similarly, isotopic signatures of strontium, previously used in radioactive isotope chronology, and δ7Li, used in tracing plate subduction and crust/mantle material cycling, found a new application in studies of weathering patterns. The use of δ53Cr and δ 65Cu isotope signatures, on the other hand, reflects their fractionation under different redox conditions, whereas δ60Ni, due to its adsorption and co-precipitation with sulfide species and Fe-Mn phases, is used in interpreting the contributions of different material sources. And while the isotopic signatures of all these elements indicate certain environmental conditions and processes (e.g. post-depositional processes, redox conditions, organic matter input, the contribution of sources, etc.), by combining them a more comprehensive insight into the investigated environment can be achieved.

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Carleton, Scott. "Identifying Tributaries to Jackson Lake Important for Snake River Cutthroat Trout Recruitment." UW National Parks Service Research Station Annual Reports 34 (January 1, 2011): 27–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.13001/uwnpsrc.2011.3851.

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Across their range, native salmonid species are imperiled due to habitat loss, alteration, and competition with non-native salmonids. New challenges, such as the effects of climate change on stream flow and water temperature create new problems for these species and highlight the importance of understanding their juvenile and adult life histories. Specifically, identifying life history movement patterns as it relates to spawning sites and juvenile rearing streams. We measured strontium isotope values of 13 tributaries and mainstem waters of the lower Snake River and Jackson Lake as well as otoliths collected from resident/juvenile cutthroat trout to determine if we could find unique isotopic signatures throughout the watershed. Strontium isotope values were similar for otoliths and water samples collected at the same location. Strontium isotope yielded unique isotope values across the watershed and between tributaries and the Snake River and Jackson Lake. Only three tributaries were undifferentiated using strontium stable isotopes. These were Pilgrim, Dime, and Sheffield Creeks. Due to their close proximity geographically and their geologic similarities it is not surprising we were unable to differentiate these three tributaries from each other. Future work using trace element analysis might provide further differentiation between these three creeks. Using this new information, we can now begin to look at adult cutthroat from Jackson Lake and the Snake River and determine their natal origins and fidelity to spawning tributaries. Using this information, managers can guide conservation efforts for cutthroat trout in the Jackson Lake watershed.

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West, Jason B., Janet M. Hurley, Francis Ö. Dudás, and James R. Ehleringer. "The Stable Isotope Ratios of Marijuana. II. Strontium Isotopes Relate to Geographic Origin." Journal of Forensic Sciences 54, no. 6 (November 2009): 1261–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1556-4029.2009.01171.x.

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Ebert, Claire E., Asta J. Rand, Kirsten Green-Mink, Julie A. Hoggarth, Carolyn Freiwald, Jaime J. Awe, Willa R. Trask, et al. "Sulfur isotopes as a proxy for human diet and mobility from the preclassic through colonial periods in the Eastern Maya lowlands." PLOS ONE 16, no. 8 (August 12, 2021): e0254992. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0254992.

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Maya archaeologists have long been interested in understanding ancient diets because they provide information about broad-scale economic and societal transformations. Though paleodietary studies have primarily relied on stable carbon (δ13C) and nitrogen (δ15N) isotopic analyses of human bone collagen to document the types of food people consumed, stable sulfur (δ34S) isotope analysis can potentially provide valuable data to identify terrestrial, freshwater, or marine/coastal food sources, as well as determine human mobility and migration patterns. Here we assess applications of δ34S for investigating Maya diet and migration through stable isotope analyses of human bone collagen (δ13C, δ15N, and δ34S) from 114 individuals from 12 sites in the Eastern Maya lowlands, temporally spanning from the Late Preclassic (300 BCE—300 CE) through Colonial periods (1520–1800 CE). Results document a diet dominated by maize and other terrestrial resources, consistent with expectations for this inland region. Because δ34S values reflect local geology, our analyses also identified recent migrants to the Eastern lowlands who had non-local δ34S signatures. When combined with other indicators of mobility (e.g., strontium isotopes), sulfur isotopic data provide a powerful tool to investigate movement across a person’s lifespan. This study represents the largest examination of archaeological human δ34S isotope values for the Maya lowlands and provides a foundation for novel insights into both subsistence practices and migration.

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Webb-Robertson, Bobbie-Jo, Helen Kreuzer, Garret Hart, James Ehleringer, Jason West, Gary Gill, and Douglas Duckworth. "Bayesian Integration of Isotope Ratio for Geographic Sourcing of Castor Beans." Journal of Biomedicine and Biotechnology 2012 (2012): 1–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2012/450967.

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Recent years have seen an increase in the forensic interest associated with the poison ricin, which is extracted from the seeds of theRicinus communisplant. Both light element (C, N, O, and H) and strontium (Sr) isotope ratios have previously been used to associate organic material with geographic regions of origin. We present a Bayesian integration methodology that can more accurately predict the region of origin for a castor bean than individual models developed independently for light element stable isotopes or Sr isotope ratios. Our results demonstrate a clear improvement in the ability to correctly classify regions based on the integrated model with a class accuracy of60.9±2.1% versus55.9±2.1% and40.2±1.8% for the light element and strontium (Sr) isotope ratios, respectively. In addition, we show graphically the strengths and weaknesses of each dataset in respect to class prediction and how the integration of these datasets strengthens the overall model.

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Alekseeva, L. P., and S. V. Alekseev. "Strontium and ⁸⁷Sr/⁸⁶Sr isotopic ratio of ground brines in the northeastern Angara-Lena artesian basin." Earth sciences and subsoil use 44, no. 2 (June 17, 2021): 98–105. http://dx.doi.org/10.21285/2686-9993-2021-44-2-98-105.

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The purpose of this study is to identify the major formation processes of the ionic and isotopic composition of chloride brines in the sedimentary basins of the Siberian platform. The object and subject of research are deep-seated strong, very strong and extremely saturated brines as well as their strontium content and the ratio of Sr stable isotopes. The groundwater ionic-salt composition was determined by traditional methods (titrimetric, gravimetric, flame photometry), the 87Sr/86Sr isotopic ratio was measured using mass-spectrometers (Irkutsk, Russia and Canada). The brines lying at the depth of 1500–3000 m were tapped and classified into saline and subsalt hydrogeological formations. Their feature is high salinity (385–530 g/L) and high content of strontium (2.3–7 g/L). The 87Sr/86Sr isotopic ratio ranges from 0.708 to 0.713062. By isotopic composition most of the brine samples are close to the waters of the Vendian-Cambrian paleoocean. However, some brine samples from the subsalt part of the sedimentary section of the basin are significantly enriched in the isotope 87Sr compared to the paleoocean waters and other samples. It could be due to the substantial input of 87Sr into the brines during the long-term interaction of groundwater with the host Lower Cambrian sandstones.

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Simon, Laurent, Christophe Lécuyer, and Thibaut Putelat. "The calculation of water-rock ratios using trace element (Li, B) stable isotopes." Annales Universitatis Mariae Curie-Sklodowska, sectio AAA – Physica 71 (February 23, 2017): 79. http://dx.doi.org/10.17951/aaa.2016.71.79.

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The amount of aqueous fluids circulating into the oceanic crust can be estimated using mass balance equations based on stable isotope exchange between rock and water. Unlike oxygen and strontium, isotopic exchange of trace elements (such as B or Li) between fluids and rocks, operates along with a chemical evolution of the rocks (e.g. a large enrichment of B or Li) that must be integrated into any model of water-rock interaction. We propose a general dimensionless mass balance equation for single-pass open systems that describes the equilibrium elemental distribution and the isotopic composition of reacting rocks as a function of the amount of circulating water. Water-rock ratios calculated from B compositions of hydrothermally-altered basalts range from 8 to 100. They are lower than those previously published (most W/R > 300) but comparable to those inferred from Sr isotope ratios measured in the same samples (3 < W/R < 30). Similar low water-rock ratios from 2 to 20 are calculated from Li isotope compositions of altered basalts and serpentinized peridotites.

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Eerkens, Jelmer W., Eric J. Bartelink, Laura Brink, Richard T. Fitzgerald, Ramona Garibay, Gina A. Jorgenson, and Randy S. Wiberg. "Trophy Heads or Ancestor Veneration? A Stable Isotope Perspective on Disassociated and Modified Crania in Precontact Central California." American Antiquity 81, no. 1 (January 2016): 114–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.7183/0002-7316.81.1.114.

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AbstractFew items in the archaeological record capture the imagination more than human heads separated from their bodies. Such items are sometimes assumed to indicate warfare practices, where “trophy heads” display power and fighting prowess. Other times, they are interpreted as representing ancestor veneration. Isolated crania are not uncommon in the Early period (ca. 4500–2500 B.P.) in Central California. Some anthropologists interpret them as trophy heads, but isotopie analyses at CA-CCO-548 suggest an alternative interpretation. Strontium isotope analyses on one modified cranium produced values consistent with local individuals, and both headless burials and people buried with extra skulls overlap in carbon and nitrogen isotopes. Further, teeth from two individuals who were buried with extra skulls suggest both were weaned at early ages (before age 2), much earlier than other individuals at the site. Together with contextual information, we argue that the isotopie data are more consistent with the hypothesis that extra skulls and headless burials represent ancestor veneration rather than trophies, shedding new light on Early-period societies in Central California.

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Martin, Jeremy E., Derek Vance, and Vincent Balter. "Magnesium stable isotope ecology using mammal tooth enamel." Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 112, no. 2 (December 22, 2014): 430–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1417792112.

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Geochemical inferences on ancient diet using bone and enamel apatite rely mainly on carbon isotope ratios (δ13C) and to a lesser extent on strontium/calcium (Sr/Ca) and barium/calcium (Ba/Ca) elemental ratios. Recent developments in nontraditional stable isotopes provide an unprecedented opportunity to use additional paleodietary proxies to disentangle complex diets such as omnivory. Of particular relevance for paleodietary reconstruction are metals present in large quantity in bone and enamel apatite, providing that biologically mediated fractionation processes are constrained. Calcium isotope ratios (δ44Ca) meet these criteria but exhibit complex ecological patterning. Stable magnesium isotope ratios (δ26Mg) also meet these criteria but a comprehensive understanding of its variability awaits new isotopic data. Here, 11 extant mammal species of known ecology from a single locality in equatorial Africa were sampled for tooth enamel and, together with vegetation and feces, analyzed for δ26Mg, δ13C, Sr/Ca, and Ba/Ca ratios. The results demonstrate that δ26Mg incorporated in tooth enamel becomes heavier from strict herbivores to omnivores/faunivores. Using data from experimentally raised sheep, we suggest that this26Mg enrichment up the trophic chain is due to a26Mg enrichment in muscle relative to bone. Notably, it is possible to distinguish omnivores from herbivores, using δ26Mg coupled to Ba/Ca ratios. The potential effects of metabolic and dietary changes on the enamel δ26Mg composition remain to be explored but, in the future, multiproxy approaches would permit a substantial refinement of dietary behaviors or enable accurate trophic reconstruction despite specimen-limited sampling, as is often the case for fossil assemblages.

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Brewer, Caralie T., William A. Rauch-Davis, and Erin E. Fraser. "The Use of Intrinsic Markers for Studying the Migratory Movements of Bats." Animals 11, no. 12 (December 6, 2021): 3477. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ani11123477.

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Mortality of migratory bat species at wind energy facilities is a well-documented phenomenon, and mitigation and management are partially constrained by the current limited knowledge of bat migratory movements. Analyses of biochemical signatures in bat tissues (“intrinsic markers”) can provide information about the migratory origins of individual bats. Many tissue samples for intrinsic marker analysis may be collected from living and dead bats, including carcasses collected at wind energy facilities. In this paper, we review the full suite of available intrinsic marker analysis techniques that may be used to study bat migration, with the goal of summarizing the current literature and highlighting knowledge gaps and opportunities. We discuss applications of the stable isotopes of hydrogen, oxygen, nitrogen, carbon, sulfur; radiogenic strontium isotopes; trace elements and contaminants; and the combination of these markers with each other and with other extrinsic markers. We further discuss the tissue types that may be analyzed for each and provide a synthesis of the generalized workflow required to link bats to origins using intrinsic markers. While stable hydrogen isotope techniques have clearly been the leading approach to infer migratory bat movement patterns across the landscape, here we emphasize a variety of lesser used intrinsic markers (i.e., strontium, trace elements, contaminants) that may address new study areas or answer novel research questions.

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Burger, Anna, and Irene Lichtscheidl. "Strontium in the environment: Review about reactions of plants towards stable and radioactive strontium isotopes." Science of The Total Environment 653 (February 2019): 1458–512. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2018.10.312.

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Shaw, Heidi, Janet Montgomery, Rebecca Redfern, Rebecca Gowland, and Jane Evans. "Identifying migrants in Roman London using lead and strontium stable isotopes." Journal of Archaeological Science 66 (February 2016): 57–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jas.2015.12.001.

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Wright, Lori E. "Immigration to Tikal, Guatemala: Evidence from stable strontium and oxygen isotopes." Journal of Anthropological Archaeology 31, no. 3 (September 2012): 334–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jaa.2012.02.001.

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Hamzić Gregorčič, Staša, Lidija Strojnik, Doris Potočnik, Katarina Vogel-Mikuš, Marta Jagodic, Federica Camin, Tea Zuliani, and Nives Ogrinc. "Can We Discover Truffle’s True Identity?" Molecules 25, no. 9 (May 8, 2020): 2217. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/molecules25092217.

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This study used elemental and stable isotope composition to characterize Slovenian truffles and used multi-variate statistical analysis to classify truffles according to species and geographical origin. Despite the fact that the Slovenian truffles shared some similar characteristics with the samples originating from other countries, differences in the element concentrations suggest that respective truffle species may respond selectively to nutrients from a certain soil type under environmental and soil conditions. Cross-validation resulted in a 77% correct classification rate for determining the geographical origin and a 74% correct classification rate to discriminate between species. The critical parameters for geographical origin discriminations were Sr, Ba, V, Pb, Ni, Cr, Ba/Ca and Sr/Ca ratios, while from stable isotopes δ18O and δ13C values are the most important. The key variables that distinguish T. magnatum from other species are the levels of V and Zn and δ15N values. Tuber aestivum can be separated based on the levels of Ni, Cr, Mn, Mg, As, and Cu. This preliminary study indicates the possibility to differentiate truffles according to their variety and geographical origin and suggests widening the scope to include stable strontium isotopes.

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Won, Eun-Ji, Seung Hee Kim, Young-Shin Go, K. Suresh Kumar, Min-Seob Kim, Suk-Hee Yoon, Germain Bayon, Jung-Hyun Kim, and Kyung-Hoon Shin. "A Multi-Elements Isotope Approach to Assess the Geographic Provenance of Manila Clams (Ruditapes philippinarum) via Recombining Appropriate Elements." Foods 10, no. 3 (March 18, 2021): 646. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/foods10030646.

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The increasing global consumption of seafood has led to increased trade among nations, accompanied by mislabeling and fraudulent practices that have rendered authentication crucial. The multi-isotope ratio analysis is considered as applicable tool for evaluating geographical authentications but requires information and experience to select target elements such as isotopes, through a distinction method based on differences in habitat and physiology due to origin. The present study examined recombination conditions of multi-elements that facilitated geographically distinct classifications of the clams to sort out appropriate elements. Briefly, linear discriminant analysis (LDA) analysis was performed according to several combinations of five stable isotopes (carbon (δ13C), nitrogen (δ15N), oxygen (δ18O), hydrogen (δD), and sulfur (δ34S)) and two radiogenic elements (strontium (87Sr/86Sr) and neodymium (143Nd/144Nd)), and the geographical classification results of the Manila clam Ruditapes philippinarum from Democratic People’s Republic of Korea (DPR Korea), Korea and China were compared. In conclusion, linear discriminant analysis (LDA) with at least four elements (C, N, O, and S) including S revealed a remarkable cluster distribution of the clams. These findings expanded the application of systematic multi-elements analyses, including stable and radiogenic isotopes, to trace the origins of R. philippinarum collected from the Korea, China, and DPR Korea.

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Kennedy, Brian P., C. Page Chamberlain, Joel D. Blum, Keith H. Nislow, and Carol L. Folt. "Comparing naturally occurring stable isotopes of nitrogen, carbon, and strontium as markers for the rearing locations of Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar)." Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences 62, no. 1 (January 1, 2005): 48–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/f04-184.

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We compared the success of using naturally occurring stable isotopes of N, C, and Sr as markers for the rearing locations of juvenile salmon. We analyzed the isotopic signatures (δ15N and δ13C in muscle and scales and 87Sr/86Sr in otoliths) of >200 juvenile Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar) from 12 tributaries of the Connecticut River, USA. Young salmon had distinct N and C signatures 5 weeks after stocking. Signatures were stable over the summer although δ13C varied more than δ15N or 87Sr/86Sr. Scale and muscle signatures were highly correlated, demonstrating the feasibility of nonlethal sampling using fish scales. Some C (but not N) signature from the hatchery was retained in scales of 3-month-old fish, implicating scale annuli as a repository for past C signatures. The δ15N values successfully differentiated fish from tributaries with differences in land use (e.g., agricultural versus forested; ≈ 33% of sites); the δ13C values differentiated fish from 45% of sites. Based upon a discriminant-function analysis, group membership of individuals was correctly predicted in 44.3% (74 of 167) of cases for which both N and C were analyzed. In combination, N and C isotopes differentiated 73% of study sites, which was close to the success of Sr isotopes in the same system (83%).

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Pospieszny, Łukasz, Przemysław Makarowicz, Jamie Lewis, Anita Szczepanek, Jacek Górski, Piotr Włodarczak, Jan Romaniszyn, Ryszard Grygiel, and Zdzislaw Belka. "Assessing the mobility of Bronze Age societies in East-Central Europe. A strontium and oxygen isotope perspective on two archaeological sites." PLOS ONE 18, no. 3 (March 17, 2023): e0282472. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0282472.

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European Bronze Age societies are generally characterised by increased mobility and the application of isotopic methods to archaeology has allowed the rate and range of human travels to be quantified. However, little is known about the mobility of the people inhabiting East-Central Europe in the late Early and Middle Bronze Age (1950–1250 BC) whose primary subsistence strategy was herding supported by crop cultivation. This paper presents the results of strontium (87Sr/86Sr) and oxygen (δ18O) isotope analyses in the enamel of people buried in collective graves at the cemeteries in Gustorzyn and Żerniki Górne. These sites are located in Kujawy and the Nida Basin, a lowland and an upland region with clearly different environmental conditions, respectively. Both sites are classified as belonging to the Trzciniec cultural circle and were used between 16th and 13th centuries BC. Among the 34 examined individuals only an adult female from Gustorzyn can be assessed as non-local based on both 87Sr/86Sr and δ18O signatures in her first molar. This may indicate the practice of exogamy in the studied population but more generally corresponds with the hypothesis of limited mobility within these societies, as has previously been inferred from archaeological evidence, anthropological analysis, and stable isotope-based diet reconstruction. New and existing data evaluated in this paper show that the 87Sr/86Sr variability in the natural environment of both regions is relatively high, allowing the tracking of short-range human mobility. A series of oxygen isotope analyses (conducted for all but one individuals studied with strontium isotopes) indicates that δ18O ratios measured in phosphate are in agreement with the predicted modern oxygen isotope precipitation values, and that this method is useful in detecting travels over larger distances. The challenges of using both 87Sr/86Sr and δ18O isotopic systems in provenance studies in the glacial landscapes of temperate Europe are also discussed.

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Blum, Joel D., E. Hank Taliaferro, and Richard T. Holmes. "Determining the sources of calcium for migratory songbirds using stable strontium isotopes." Oecologia 126, no. 4 (February 2001): 569–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s004420000550.

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Starrs, Danswell, Jacqueline T. Davis, Jodie Schlaefer, Brendan C. Ebner, Stephen M. Eggins, and Christopher J. Fulton. "Maternally transmitted isotopes and their effects on larval fish: a validation of dual isotopic marks within a meta-analysis context." Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences 71, no. 3 (March 2014): 387–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/cjfas-2013-0416.

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Transgenerational marking enables mass-marking of larval fishes via transmission of enriched stable isotopes from mother to offspring, but potential impacts on the resultant progeny are poorly understood. We injected enriched stable isotopes (137Ba and87Sr) into female purple-spotted gudgeon, Mogurnda adspersa, to produce multiple batch markers and examined larval morphology at hatch as well as survival and growth to 31 days posthatch in marked and unmarked offspring. Transgenerational marking had minimal effects on larval growth and survival, whereas body depth at hatch was significantly reduced in marked larvae. A meta-analysis of transgenerational marking effects on larval morphology at hatch and growth rates across multiple fish species found a nonsignificant positive effect of enriched stable barium isotopes on larval morphology at hatch, but a significant negative effect on growth. There were no significant effects of strontium on morphology or growth. Meta-regression analysis revealed that larval size at hatch increased with the dose of injected stable barium isotopes, but this result should be interpreted cautiously. Because of high levels of between-study heterogeneity, we caution against assuming there are no effects of transgenerational marking on fish offspring; any such effects should be validated and incorporated into transgenerational marking studies of fish dispersal.

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Paytan, Adina, Elizabeth M. Griffith, Anton Eisenhauer, Mathis P. Hain, Klaus Wallmann, and Andrew Ridgwell. "A 35-million-year record of seawater stable Sr isotopes reveals a fluctuating global carbon cycle." Science 371, no. 6536 (March 25, 2021): 1346–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.1126/science.aaz9266.

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Changes in the concentration and isotopic composition of the major constituents in seawater reflect changes in their sources and sinks. Because many of the processes controlling these sources and sinks are tied to the cycling of carbon, such records can provide insights into what drives past changes in atmospheric carbon dioxide and climate. Here, we present a stable strontium (Sr) isotope record derived from pelagic marine barite. Our δ88/86Sr record exhibits a complex pattern, first declining between 35 and 15 million years ago (Ma), then increasing from 15 to 5 Ma, before declining again from ~5 Ma to the present. Numerical modeling reveals that the associated fluctuations in seawater Sr concentrations are about ±25% relative to present-day seawater. We interpret the δ88/86Sr data as reflecting changes in the mineralogy and burial location of biogenic carbonates.

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Óskarsson, Finnbogi. "The origin of the warm groundwater near Lake Mývatn, NE Iceland, traced by stable isotopes." E3S Web of Conferences 98 (2019): 07023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/20199807023.

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The origin of the warm groundwater which feeds Lake Mývatn is unknown, but it has been affected by volcanic episodes as well as geothermal activity and utilisation. In this contribution stable isotopes of hydrogen (2H), oxygen (18O), sulphur (34S), chlorine (37Cl) and strontium (86Sr and 87Sr) in 20 groundwater and effluent samples from the Lake Mývatn area are used to constrain the origin of the warm groundwater. The results suggest that the warm groundwater is partly formed by mixing with geothermal effluent water and partly by mixing with geothermal steam.

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Kornilova, Alla A., Vladimir I. Vysotskii, Sergey N. Gaydamaka, and Marina A. Gladchenko. "Joint transmutation of stable Cs and Sr isotopes in microbiological systems and prospects for accelerated deactivation of liquid radioactive waste." Radioelectronics. Nanosystems. Information Technologies. 13, no. 4 (December 29, 2021): 501–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.17725/rensit.2021.13.501.

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It was found during the research that in the experimental and control bioreactors, which at the beginning of the experiments contained only cesium and strontium, by the end of the experiments, yttrium and barium were found. These isotopes are formed as a result of low-energy nuclear reactions involving protons. In addition, in experimental bioreactors with an optimal composition, a two to threefold increase in the concentration of yttrium was recorded in comparison with the control non-optimal experiments. Accumulation of strontium and cesium in biomass was registered, which is explained by the process of biosorption. It is known that biosorption is the first step towards nuclear transformation (biotransmutation). At the same time, one of the main conditions for the nuclear transformation of biomass elements is its maximum efficient growth. An unexpected fact discovered during the experiment is that yttrium and barium were also found in the control bioreactor, where no biomass was added before the experiment, but only deionized water, glucose, and the initial stable cesium and strontium salts. It is important to note that these elements were not detected in the analysis of the initial salts, substrates, and deionized water. Most likely, the presence of yttrium and barium is due to inoculation of the control fluid of the bioreactor (where no biomass pellets were added) with microorganisms from the experimental bioreactors during their periodic opening for taking current pH samples and adding glucose. Also, the work recorded a decrease in the content of cesium and strontium in the liquid by 20% and 55%, respectively, which goes beyond the statistical error.

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Wolska, Bogumiła. "Applying isotope analyses of cremated human bones in archaeological research – a review." Analecta Archaeologica Ressoviensia 15 (2020): 7–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.15584/anarres.2020.15.1.

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Numerous experiments have recently been conducted on burnt bones in order to develop methods of isotope analysis which would be useful in archaeological research. Since the results of these studies are not yet widely known, this review presents their potential applications in investigations of human remains from cremation burials. Radiocarbon dating of burnt osteological materials is discussed, including problems related to the “old wood effect”. Also considered is the analysis of light stable isotopes, i.e. δ13C, δ15N and δ18O, which is unsuitable for palaeodietary determinations, but useful as a source of information about certain parameters of funeral pyres. Tracing geographical origins and human mobility is possible by means of the analysis of strontium isotope ratio 87Sr/86Sr. Since an understanding of high-temperature-induced transformations of bone structure and chemical composition is important for these considerations, a detailed account of the processes is given as an introduction.

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Fang, Fang, Jingwen Liao, Xiaomin Zeng, and Juzhong Zhang. "The Truth of Unusual Deaths under Military Expansion: Evidence from the Stable Isotopes of a Human Skull Ditch in the Capital City of the Early Shang Dynasty." Genes 13, no. 11 (November 9, 2022): 2077. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/genes13112077.

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The site of Zhengzhou Shang City (ca. 1509-1315 cal. BC) was the capital of the early Shang Dynasty in China. Archaeological excavations have unearthed a ditch containing approximately one hundred unusual dead human skulls in the rammed-earth foundations of the palace area. The identity and origin of the skulls have long been disputed. In this work, strontium, carbon and nitrogen stable isotope analyses were carried out on 11 human skulls and 1 tooth from the ditch, as well as on 11 human bones, 11 human teeth from the ordinary tombs and 10 pig teeth from the Zhengzhou Shang City site. We determined that, in Zhengzhou Shang City, the local strontium isotope ratio ranges from 0.711606 to 0.711884, and ordinary inhabitants consumed mainly C4 plants supplemented by C3 plants. Moreover, humans buried in the ditch have 87Sr/86Sr values from 0.711335 to 0.711741 and consumed only C4 plants. Combining the isotopic data with the archaeological and cultural context, it is concluded that the unusual human skulls in the ditch are most likely those of prisoners of war captured by the central forces conquering the Xiaomintun area of Anyang in the early Shang Dynasty. The results provide valuable insight into the history of violence and military warfare in the early Chinese dynasty.

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Li, Shaojie, Xuan-Ce Wang, Chao-Feng Li, Keyu Liu, Simon A. Wilde, Si-Yu Hu, Lili Gui, Jianliang Liu, and Luya Wu. "First Direct Dating of Alteration of Paleo-Oil Pools Using Rubidium-Strontium Pyrite Geochronology." Minerals 10, no. 7 (July 4, 2020): 606. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/min10070606.

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Direct dating of petroleum systems by hydrocarbon or associated authigenic minerals is crucial for petroleum system analysis and hydrocarbon exploration. The precipitation of authigenic pyrite in petroliferous basins is commonly genetically associated with hydrocarbon generation, migration, accumulation, or destruction. Pyrite rubidium-strontium (Rb-Sr) isotope dilution thermal ionization mass spectrometry (ID-TIMS) is a well-developed technique, and its successful application for high-temperature ore systems suggests that this dating method has the potential to directly date key processes in the low-temperature petroleum systems. Rb-Sr data for pyrites in two Ordovician carbonate rock specimens collected from ~4952 m in the YD-2 well in the Yudong region, northern Tarim Basin (NW China), yield two identical isochron ages within analytical uncertainties: 206 ± 13 (2σ) and 224 ± 28 Ma (2σ). SEM investigations demonstrate that Rb and Sr atoms mainly reside in the crystal lattice of the pyrites due to the absence of fluid and mineral inclusions. The rigorous Rb-Sr isochron relations documented in the samples indicate that such residency can result in sufficient Rb/Sr fractionation and initial Sr isotopic homogenization for geochronology. In addition, the closure temperature (227–320 °C) for the Rb-Sr isotope system in pyrite is higher than the precipitation temperature for pyrite in petroleum-related environments (below 200 °C), suggesting that the Rb-Sr age of pyrite was not overprinted by post-precipitation alteration. Integrating the lead-strontium-sulfur isotopes of the pyrites with burial history analysis, the ages are interpreted as the timing of alteration of the paleo-oil pool by a hydrothermally-triggered thermochemical sulfate reduction process. This study, for the first time, demonstrates that Rb-Sr pyrite geochronology, combined with radiogenic and stable isotopic analyses, can be a useful tool to evaluate the temporal evolution of oil pools. This approach bears great potential for dating of petroleum systems anywhere else in the world.

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Bentley, R. Alexander, Michael Pietrusewsky, Michele T. Douglas, and Tim C. Atkinson. "Matrilocality during the prehistoric transition to agriculture in Thailand?" Antiquity 79, no. 306 (December 2005): 865–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0003598x00115005.

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Stable isotopes in teeth are providing important correlations between ancient people and the geographical location of their childhood homes. In an exciting new application, the authors measured the varying signatures of strontium, oxygen and carbon isotopes in the teeth of a sequence of people buried in Thailand during the period of the introduction and intensification of agriculture. Preliminary results point to the arrival of immigrant men, followed by a change in the relationship between the sexes: the women grow up on local food, the men have access to more widespread resources. This perhaps implies a matrilocal system, where forager men raised elsewhere marry into farming communities. It provides a likely antithesis to the social consequences of introducing agriculture into central Europe.

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Guibourdenche, Laetitia, Ross Stevenson, Karine Pedneault, André Poirier, and David Widory. "Characterizing nutrient pathways in Quebec (Canada) vineyards: Insight from stable and radiogenic strontium isotopes." Chemical Geology 532 (January 2020): 119375. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.chemgeo.2019.119375.

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Nasr, Emna G., Ekaterina N. Epova, Mathieu Sebilo, Dominic Larivière, Mohamed Hammami, Radhia Souissi, Houyem Abderrazak, and Olivier F. X. F. X. Donard. "Olive Oil Traceability Studies Using Inorganic and Isotopic Signatures: A Review." Molecules 27, no. 6 (March 21, 2022): 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/molecules27062014.

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The olive oil industry is subject to significant fraudulent practices that can lead to serious economic implications and even affect consumer health. Therefore, many analytical strategies have been developed for olive oil’s geographic authentication, including multi-elemental and isotopic analyses. In the first part of this review, the range of multi-elemental concentrations recorded in olive oil from the main olive oil-producing countries is discussed. The compiled data from the literature indicates that the concentrations of elements are in comparable ranges overall. They can be classified into three categories, with (1) Rb and Pb well below 1 µg kg−1; (2) elements such as As, B, Mn, Ni, and Sr ranging on average between 10 and 100 µg kg−1; and (3) elements including Cr, Fe, and Ca ranging between 100 to 10,000 µg kg−1. Various sample preparations, detection techniques, and statistical data treatments were reviewed and discussed. Results obtained through the selected analytical approaches have demonstrated a strong correlation between the multi-elemental composition of the oil and that of the soil in which the plant grew. The review next focused on the limits of olive oil authentication using the multi-elemental composition method. Finally, different methods based on isotopic signatures were compiled and critically assessed. Stable isotopes of light elements have provided acceptable segregation of oils from different origins for years already. More recently, the determination of stable isotopes of strontium has proven to be a reliable tool in determining the geographical origin of food products. The ratio 87Sr/86Sr is stable over time and directly related to soil geology; it merits further study and is likely to become part of the standard tool kit for olive oil origin determination, along with a combination of different isotopic approaches and multi-elemental composition.

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Wu, Chu, Xiong Wu, Wenping Mu, and Ge Zhu. "Using Isotopes (H, O, and Sr) and Major Ions to Identify Hydrogeochemical Characteristics of Groundwater in the Hongjiannao Lake Basin, Northwest China." Water 12, no. 5 (May 21, 2020): 1467. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/w12051467.

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Hongjiannao Lake is the largest desert freshwater lake in the Ordos Plateau, China, and the relict gull is an endangered species that uses the lake for its habitat, with the largest colonies being located there. Using hydrochemical parameters, stable hydrogen and oxygen isotopes, and strontium isotopes, we investigated the hydrogeochemical characteristics of groundwater. As a result, the major cations of the groundwater were found to be Ca2+ and Na+, the major anion was found to be HCO3−, and the hydrochemical facies were mainly found to be HCO3–Ca, HCO3–Na. and HCO3–Ca–Na. The hydrochemical formation of groundwater was controlled by both evaporation and water–rock interactions, and carbonate and sulfate minerals dissolved or precipitated in the groundwater. On the basis of isotope analysis, groundwater was affected by evaporation and δ18O enrichment, and the higher salinity of Hongjiannao Lake suffered from intensive evaporation. The higher 87Sr/86Sr ratio and lower concentrations of Sr2+ in the groundwater were derived from the dissolution of silicate minerals, whereas the opposite concentrations were due to the dissolution of carbonate and sulfate minerals. Based on this work, such results can be used to research groundwater recharge into the lake and to protect water quality.

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Fitzpatrick, Ryan M., Dana L. Winkelman, and Brett M. Johnson. "Using Isotopic Data to Evaluate Esox lucius (Linnaeus, 1758) Natal Origins in a Hydrologically Complex River Basin." Fishes 6, no. 4 (November 22, 2021): 67. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/fishes6040067.

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Otolith microchemistry has emerged as a powerful technique with which to identify the natal origins of fishes, but it relies on differences in underlying geology that may occur over large spatial scales. An examination of how small a spatial scale on which this technique can be implemented, especially in water bodies that share a large proportion of their flow, would be useful for guiding aquatic invasive species control efforts. We examined trace isotopic signatures in northern pike (Esox lucius) otoliths to estimate their provenance between two reservoirs in the Upper Yampa River Basin, Colorado, USA. This is a challenging study area as these reservoirs are only 11-rkm apart on the same river and thus share a high proportion of their inflow. We found that three isotopes (86Sr, 137Ba, and 55Mn) were useful in discriminating between these reservoirs, but their signatures varied annually, and the values overlapped. Strontium isotope ratios (87Sr/86Sr) were different between sites and relatively stable across three years, which made them an ideal marker for determining northern pike provenance. Our study demonstrates the usefulness of otolith microchemistry for natal origin determination within the same river over a relatively small spatial scale when there are geologic differences between sites, especially geologic differences underlying tributaries between sites.

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Charisi, Stella D., and Birger Schmitz. "Stable (δ13C, δ18O) and strontium () isotopes through the Paleocene at Gebel Aweina, eastern Tethyan region." Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology 116, no. 1-2 (June 1995): 103–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0031-0182(94)00090-u.

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Salih, Namam, Alain Préat, Axel Gerdes, Kurt Konhauser, and Jean-Noël Proust. "Tracking the Origin and Evolution of Diagenetic Fluids of Upper Jurassic Carbonate Rocks in the Zagros Thrust Fold Belt, NE-Iraq." Water 13, no. 22 (November 19, 2021): 3284. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/w13223284.

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Utilizing sophisticated tools in carbonate rocks is crucial to interpretating the origin and evolution of diagenetic fluids from the Upper Jurassic carbonate rocks along the Zagros thrust-fold Belt. The origin and evolution of the paleofluids utilizing in-situ strontium isotope ratios by high resolution laser ablation ICP-MS, integrated with stable isotopes, petrography and fieldwork are constrained. Due to the lack of information on the origin of the chemistry of the fluids, the cements that filled the Jurassic carbonate rocks were analysed from the fractures and pores. This allowed us to trace the origin of fluids along a diagenetic sequence, which is defined at the beginning from the sediment deposition (pristine facies). Based on petrography and geochemistry (oxygen-, carbon- and strontium-isotope compositions) two major diagenetic stages involving the fluids were identified. The initial stage, characterized by negative δ13CVPDB values (reaching −10.67‰), involved evaporated seawater deposited with the sediments, mixed with the input of freshwater. The second stage involved a mixture of meteoric water and hot fluids that precipitated as late diagenetic cements. The late diagenetic cements have higher depleted O–C isotope compositions compared to seawater. The diagenetic cements display a positive covariance and were associated with extra- δ13CVPDB and δ18OVPDB values (−12.87‰ to −0.82‰ for δ18OVPDB and −11.66‰ to −1.40‰ for δ13CVPDB respectively). The distinction between seawater and the secondary fluids is also evident in the 87Sr/86Sr of the host limestone versus cements. The limestones have 87Sr/86Sr up to 0.72859, indicative of riverine input, while the cements have 87Sr/86Sr of (0.70772), indicative of hot fluid circulation interacting with meteoric water during late diagenesis.

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Blendinger, Wolfgang, and Matthias Mäuser. "Carbon, oxygen and strontium isotope composition of Plattenkalk from the Upper Jurassic Wattendorf Konservat-Lagerstätte (Franconian Alb, Germany)." Volumina Jurassica 19 (2021): 1–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.7306/vj.19.1.

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The oldest Jurassic (Kimmeridgian) Plattenkalk occurs in Wattendorf on the northern Franconian Alb (southern Germany). It is a 15 m thick alternation of laminated dolomite and limestone, interbedded with carbonate debris layers in a depression ~2 km across and a few tens of metres deeper than the surrounding microbial-sponge reefs. The Plattenkalk overlies a few tens of metres of microbial-sponge biostrome facies and bedded, micritic basinal limestone. The bulk-rock stable isotopes of the micritic basinal facies gradually change from normal marine (δ13C ~ +2‰, δ18O ~ –2‰ VPDB) to lower values (δ13C ~ 0‰, δ18O ~ –6‰) in a ~ 40 m thick interval including Plattenkalk and suggest ageing of the bottom waters. The surrounding reefs are isotopically nearly invariant (δ13C ~ +2‰, δ18O ~ –2‰ VPDB). An isotope anomaly (δ13C of > ~ –9‰) is restricted to the basinal facies and is most pronounced in the biostrome facies. This indicates methanogenesis, which is documented in negative δ13C in dedolomite, calcite-cemented dolomite and calcite concretions and occurred probably mainly below seabed. The Konservat-Lagerstätte was probably deposited near an oxygen minimum zone in a water column with low productivity of organic material. Dolomite is in isotopic equilibrium with Plattenkalk and was probably deposited as protodolomite from chemically modified, aged seawater. 87Sr/86Sr ratios of bulk carbonate are often slightly radiogenic, probably due to random analytical sample contamination by clay minerals. Belemnite and some matrix 87Sr/86Sr is slightly lower than that of Kimmeridgian seawater, either caused by basin restriction or by fluids derived from the diagenesis of Oxfordian rocks below. An equivalent Upper Kimmeridgian depression ~23 km distant and a somewhat younger Konservat-Lagerstätte in Poland show a δ13C isotope anomaly below the main fossil beds. Isotopic evidence for saline bottom waters, the current interpretation, is lacking. This study also shows that micritic carbonates can preserve their early diagenetic, marine δ18O signal, which is correlatable over tens of kilometres.

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Clark, M. W., J. J. Harrison, T. E. Payne, M. J. Comarmond, S. Thiruvoth, H. Wong, and L. Mokhber Shahin. "Radium and strontium binding by a modified bauxite refinery residue – isotope exchange studies of pH-dependence, reversibility and ageing." Geochemistry: Exploration, Environment, Analysis 20, no. 3 (June 14, 2019): 257–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.1144/geochem2019-025.

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The pH-dependence and reversibility of radium (Ra) and strontium (Sr) binding to a modified bauxite refinery residue (MBRR), and the effects of sample ageing, were studied in laboratory uptake/leaching experiments. Natural 226Ra and stable strontium (Srnat) were placed in contact with the MBRR for an 8-day loading period (equilibrium pH c. 8.5). Following the addition of exchange isotopes 228Ra and 85Sr, the samples were then leached in pH-dependent experiments, where the pH was decreased incrementally from 9 to 3 over 7 h. A further suite of samples was aged at 4°, 23° and 65°C for 6 months after the initial addition of 226Ra and Srnat and then studied in a similar set of pH-dependent exchange experiments. The relative concentrations of the Ra and Sr isotope pairs (226Ra/228Ra and Srnat/85Sr) provided insights into the adsorption strength, incorporation, reversibility and ageing effects. The Srnat data showed that the amount of bound Sr released from aged MBRR samples as the pH decreases is substantially lower than the unaged sample, showing that Sr has been incorporated in less accessible phases during the ageing period. It appears that the uptake of 228Ra by the higher-temperature aged samples is somewhat stronger than the unaged samples; however, Ra isotope exchange plots for aged and unaged samples are similar. Consequently, the stronger binding of 228Ra by the higher-temperature aged samples is probably driven by translocation to kinetically less-favourable surface sites rather than a significant incorporation of Ra within the mineral solids during ageing.

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Stanley, Ryan R. E., Ian R. Bradbury, Claudio DiBacco, Paul V. R. Snelgrove, Simon R. Thorrold, and Shaun S. Killen. "Environmentally mediated trends in otolith composition of juvenile Atlantic cod (Gadus morhua)." ICES Journal of Marine Science 72, no. 8 (April 26, 2015): 2350–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/icesjms/fsv070.

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Abstract We evaluated the influence of environmental exposure of juvenile Atlantic cod (Gadus morhua) to inform interpretations of natal origins and movement patterns using otolith geochemistry. Laboratory rearing experiments were conducted with a variety of temperature (∼5, 8.5, and 12°C) and salinity (∼25, 28.5, and 32 PSU) combinations. We measured magnesium (Mg), manganese (Mn), strontium (Sr), and barium (Ba), expressed as a ratio to calcium (Ca), using laser ablation inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS), and stable carbon (δ13C) and oxygen (δ18O) isotopes using isotope ratio monitoring mass spectrometry. Temperature and salinity significantly affected all elements and isotopes measured, except salinity on Mg:Ca. We detected significant interactions among temperature and salinity for Mn:Ca and Ba:Ca partition coefficients (ratio of otolith chemistry to water chemistry), with significant temperature effects only detected in the 32 and 28.5 PSU salinity treatments. Similarly, we detected a significant interaction between temperature and salinity in incorporation of δ13C, with a significant temperature effect except at intermediate salinity. These results support the contention that environmental mediation of otolith composition varies among species, thus limiting the ability of generalized models to infer life history patterns from chemistry. Our results provide essential baseline information detailing environmental influence on juvenile Atlantic cod otolith composition, punctuating the importance of laboratory validations to translate species-specific otolith composition when inferring in situ life histories and movements.

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Dewan, Nitika, Brian J. Majestic, Michael E. Ketterer, Justin P. Miller-Schulze, Martin M. Shafer, James J. Schauer, Paul A. Solomon, et al. "Stable isotopes of lead and strontium as tracers of sources of airborne particulate matter in Kyrgyzstan." Atmospheric Environment 120 (November 2015): 438–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.atmosenv.2015.09.017.

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Stevenson, E. I., S. M. Aciego, P. Chutcharavan, I. J. Parkinson, K. W. Burton, M. A. Blakowski, and C. A. Arendt. "Insights into combined radiogenic and stable strontium isotopes as tracers for weathering processes in subglacial environments." Chemical Geology 429 (July 2016): 33–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.chemgeo.2016.03.008.

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Ingman, Tara, Stefanie Eisenmann, Eirini Skourtanioti, Murat Akar, Jana Ilgner, Guido Alberto Gnecchi Ruscone, Petrus le Roux, et al. "Human mobility at Tell Atchana (Alalakh), Hatay, Turkey during the 2nd millennium BC: Integration of isotopic and genomic evidence." PLOS ONE 16, no. 6 (June 30, 2021): e0241883. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0241883.

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The Middle and Late Bronze Age, a period roughly spanning the 2nd millennium BC (ca. 2000–1200 BC) in the Near East, is frequently referred to as the first ‘international age’, characterized by intense and far-reaching contacts between different entities from the eastern Mediterranean to the Near East and beyond. In a large-scale tandem study of stable isotopes and ancient DNA of individuals excavated at Tell Atchana (Alalakh, located in Hatay, Turkey), we explored the role of mobility at the capital of a regional kingdom, named Mukish during the Late Bronze Age, which spanned the Amuq Valley and some areas beyond. We generated strontium and oxygen isotope data from dental enamel for 53 individuals and 77 individuals, respectively, and added ancient DNA data of 10 newly sequenced individuals to a dataset of 27 individuals published in 2020. Additionally, we improved the DNA coverage of one individual from this 2020 dataset. The DNA data revealed a very homogeneous gene pool. This picture of an overwhelmingly local ancestry was consistent with the evidence of local upbringing in most of the individuals indicated by the isotopic data, where only five were found to be non-local. High levels of contact, trade, and exchange of ideas and goods in the Middle and Late Bronze Ages, therefore, seem not to have translated into high levels of individual mobility detectable at Tell Atchana.

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Blumsohn, Aubrey, Brian Morris, and Richard Eastell. "Stable Strontium Absorption as a Measure of Intestinal Calcium Absorption: Comparison with the Double-Radiotracer Calcium Absorption Test." Clinical Science 87, no. 3 (September 1, 1994): 363–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.1042/cs0870363.

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1. Stable strontium (Sr) has been proposed as an alternative to calcium (Ca) isotopes for the measurement of intestinal Ca absorption. The aim of this study was to compare the time course and fractional absorption of Ca and Sr, when both are measured using dual-tracer techniques. 2. 45Ca and Sr absorption tests were carried out on consecutive days in patients with osteoporosis (n = 10) or chronic renal failure (n = 7). Both tests were repeated in four patients with chronic renal failure after treatment with calcitriol (1 μg daily for 10 days). 3. The time course of Ca absorption was determined using the 85Sr (intravenous)/45Ca (oral) dual-tracer technique, and the time course of Sr absorption using 85Sr (intravenous)/stable Sr (oral). Oral tracers were administered on consecutive days with a test meal containing 5.3 mmol of Ca and 2.5 mmol of either stable Sr or Ca carrier. The fractional absorption of 45Ca and Sr at 6 h (FA360) and the absorption rate as a function of time were calculated by deconvolution. 4. The mean FA360 for Sr (20.2%) was lower than the mean FA360 for 45Ca (37.8%, P < 0.001, paired t-test), but the time course of Sr absorption was similar to that of Ca. There was a significant correlation between the FA360 for 45Ca and Sr, although the relationship was improved by including a quadratic term (R2 = 0.89, P < 0.001, significance of quadratic term, P < 0.05). After 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D treatment, the FA360 of stable Sr increased 4.29-fold, whereas the FA360 of 45Ca increased only 2.4-fold. 5. Although the fractional absorption of Sr determined by dual-tracer deconvolution was the best predictor of FA360 for 45Ca, little was lost by confining the analysis to a single serum Sr measurement taken 3 h or more after oral administration. 6. We conclude that Sr absorption is qualitatively similar to that of Ca, although absorption of Sr is much lower than that of Ca. Furthermore, the relationship does not appear to be linear. Stable Sr may be useful in place of Ca isotopes in the routine clinical evaluation of Ca absorption.

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Domínguez-Delmás, Marta, Sara Rich, Mohamed Traoré, Fadi Hajj, Anne Poszwa, Linar Akhmetzyanov, Ignacio García-González, and Peter Groenendijk. "Tree-ring chronologies, stable strontium isotopes and biochemical compounds: Towards reference datasets to provenance Iberian shipwreck timbers." Journal of Archaeological Science: Reports 34 (December 2020): 102640. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jasrep.2020.102640.

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Nagatsuka, Naoko, Nozomu Takeuchi, Takanori Nakano, Emi Kokado, and Zhongqin Li. "Sr, Nd and Pb stable isotopes of surface dust on Ürümqi glacier No. 1 in western China." Annals of Glaciology 51, no. 56 (2010): 95–105. http://dx.doi.org/10.3189/172756411795931895.

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Abstract:

AbstractStable-isotopic ratios of strontium (Sr), neodymium (Nd) and lead (Pb) provide a means of identifying a geological source of substances and are used as tracers of elements in biological and geochemical processes. We analyzed these isotopic ratios of surface dust (cryoconite) collected on Ürümqi glacier No. 1 , Tien Shan, China. The dust was separated chemically into five fractions (four minerals and organic matter), and the isotopic ratios of each fraction were measured. The Sr and Nd isotopic ratios in the fractions extracted with ultrapure water (saline minerals), hydrogen peroxide solution (organic matter) and acetic acid (carbonate minerals) were low and invariable, whereas those extracted by hydrochloric acid (phosphate minerals) and the residual fraction (silicate minerals) were higher. The difference was likely due to the original source of each fraction. The isotopic ratios of the surface dust collected from different sites showed no significant difference, suggesting that they were spatially uniform across the glacier. The isotopic ratios of the silicate fraction were closer to those of desert sand reported in China than those of the soil and bedrock around the glacier. This suggests that the silicate minerals on the glacier were derived from distant deserts. The isotopic ratios in saline, carbonate and phosphate fractions were also close to those of evaporites and apatite in that desert region, suggesting that these minerals were also derived from that source. The Sr isotopic ratios in the organic fraction were closer to ratios in the saline and carbonate fractions rather than the silicate or phosphate fractions and may therefore reflect the isotopic ratios of the elements when they are incorporated into living microbes on the glacier.

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Hunt, Randall J., Thomas D. Bullen, David P. Krabbenhoft, and Carol Kendall. "Using Stable Isotopes of Water and Strontium to Investigate the Hydrology of a Natural and a Constructed Wetland." Ground Water 36, no. 3 (May 1998): 434–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1745-6584.1998.tb02814.x.

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Hajj, Fadi, Anne Poszwa, Julien Bouchez, and François Guérold. "Radiogenic and “stable” strontium isotopes in provenance studies: A review and first results on archaeological wood from shipwrecks." Journal of Archaeological Science 86 (October 2017): 24–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jas.2017.09.005.

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Journal articles on the topic 'Stable Strontium isotopes'

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