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Academic literature on the topic 'Stable and clumped isotope'

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Published: 6 September 2023

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Journal articles on the topic "Stable and clumped isotope"

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Demény, Attila, László Rinyu, Péter Németh, György Czuppon, Nóra Enyedi, Judit Makk, Szabolcs Leél-Őssy, Dóra Kesjár, and Ivett Kovács. "Bacterial and abiogenic carbonates formed in caves–no vital effect on clumped isotope compositions." PLOS ONE 16, no. 1 (January 25, 2021): e0245621. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0245621.

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Speleothems (dominated by cave-hosted carbonate deposits) are valuable archives of paleoclimate conditions. As such, they are potential targets of clumped isotope analyses that may yield quantified data about past temperature variations. Clumped isotope analyses of stalagmites, however, seldom provide useful temperature values due to various isotope fractionation processes. This study focuses on the determination of the microbially induced vital effect, i.e., the isotope fractionation processes related to bacterial carbonate production. A cave site with biologically mediated amorphous calcium carbonate precitation was selected as a natural laboratory. Calcite deposits were farmed under a UV lamp to prevent bacterial activity, as well as under control conditions. Microbiological analyses and morphological investigations using scanning electron microscopy showed that the UV lamp treatment effectively reduced the number of bacterial cells, and that bacterial carbonate production strongly influenced the carbonate’s morphology. Stable oxygen isotope analyses of calcite and drip waters, as well as clumped isotope measurements revealed that, although most of the studied carbonates formed close to oxygen isotope equilibrium, clumped isotope Δ47 values varied widely from equilibrium to strongly fractionated data. Site-specific kinetic fractionations played a dominant role in the distribution of Δ47 values, whereas bacterial carbonate production did not result in a detectable clumped isotope effect.
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Thiagarajan, Nivedita, Jon Halvard Pedersen, Harald Brunstad, Joachim Rinna, Aivo Lepland, and John Eiler. "Clumped isotope constraints on the origins of reservoir methane from the Barents Sea." Petroleum Geoscience 28, no. 2 (March 14, 2022): petgeo2021–037. http://dx.doi.org/10.1144/petgeo2021-037.

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The Barents Sea basin is an oil and gas province containing more than 760 million tons of oil equivalents. The reservoir geology of the Barents Sea is complex due to multiple episodes of subsidence, uplift and erosion, which opened a network of extensional and wrench related faults allowing for fluid migration. The multifaceted geological history complicates efforts to describe the source and characteristics of natural gas in the subsurface Barents Sea. Here we apply stable isotopes, including methane clumped isotope measurements, to thirteen natural gases from five (Skrugard Appraisal, Havis, Alta, Filicudi, and Svanefjell) reservoirs in the Loppa High area in the southwestern Barents Sea to estimate the origins of methane. We compare estimates of methane formation temperature based on clumped isotopes to thermal evolution models for the region. We find that the methane has diverse origins including microbial and thermogenic sources forming and equilibrating at temperatures ranging from 34–238°C. Our clumped isotope temperature estimates are consistent with thermal evolution models for the area. These temperatures can be explained by gas generation and expulsion in the oil and gas window followed by isotopic re-equilibration in some reservoirs due to microbial methanogenesis and/or anaerobic oxidation of methane. Gases from the Skrugard Appraisal, Havis and Alta have methane equilibration temperatures consistent with maximum burial temperatures, while gases from Svanefjell have methane equilibration temperatures consistent with current reservoir temperature, suggesting isotope re-equilibration in the shallow reservoir. Gases from Filicudi on the other hand are consistent with generation over multiple points over its thermal history.
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Passey, Benjamin H. "Reconstructing Terrestrial Environments Using Stable Isotopes in Fossil Teeth and Paleosol Carbonates." Paleontological Society Papers 18 (November 2012): 167–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1089332600002606.

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Carbon isotopes in Neogene-age fossil teeth and paleosol carbonates are commonly interpreted in the context of past distributions of C3 and C4 vegetation. These two plant types have very different distributions in relation to climate and ecology, and provide a robust basis for reconstructing terrestrial paleoclimates and paleoenvironments during the Neogene. Carbon isotopes in pre-Neogene fossil teeth are usually interpreted in the context of changes in the δ13C value of atmospheric CO2, and variable climate-dependent carbon-isotope discrimination in C3 plants. Carbon isotopes in pre-Neogene soil carbonates can be used to estimate past levels of atmospheric CO2. Oxygen isotopes in fossil teeth and paleosol carbonates primarily are influenced by the oxygen isotopic compositions of ancient rainfall and surface waters. The oxygen isotopic composition of rainfall is has a complex, but tractable, relationship with climate, and variably relates to temperature, elevation, precipitation amount, and other factors. Mammal species that rely on moisture in dietary plant tissues to satisfy their water requirements (rather than surface drinking water) may have oxygen isotopic compositions that track aridity. Thus, oxygen isotopes of fossil mammals can place broad constraints on paleoaridity. Carbonate clumped isotope thermometry allows for reconstruction of soil temperatures at the time of pedogenic carbonate mineralization. The method is unique because it is the only thermodynamically based isotopic paleothermometer that does not require assumptions about the isotopic composition of the fluid in which the archive mineral formed. Soil temperature reflects a complex interplay of air temperature, solar radiative heating, latent heat effects, soil thermal diffusivity, and seasonal variations of these parameters. Because plants and most animals live in and/or near the soil, soil temperature is an important aspect of terrestrial (paleo)climate.
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Krsnik, Emilija, Katharina Methner, Marion Campani, Svetlana Botsyun, Sebastian G. Mutz, Todd A. Ehlers, Oliver Kempf, Jens Fiebig, Fritz Schlunegger, and Andreas Mulch. "Miocene high elevation in the Central Alps." Solid Earth 12, no. 11 (November 23, 2021): 2615–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/se-12-2615-2021.

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Abstract. Reconstructing Oligocene–Miocene paleoelevation contributes to our understanding of the evolutionary history of the European Alps and sheds light on geodynamic and Earth surface processes involved in the development of Alpine topography. Despite being one of the most intensively explored mountain ranges worldwide, constraints on the elevation history of the European Alps remain scarce. Here we present stable and clumped isotope measurements to provide a new paleoelevation estimate for the mid-Miocene (∼14.5 Ma) European Central Alps. We apply stable isotope δ–δ paleoaltimetry to near-sea-level pedogenic carbonate oxygen isotope (δ18O) records from the Northern Alpine Foreland Basin (Swiss Molasse Basin) and high-Alpine phyllosilicate hydrogen isotope (δD) records from the Simplon Fault Zone (Swiss Alps). We further explore Miocene paleoclimate and paleoenvironmental conditions in the Swiss Molasse Basin through carbonate stable (δ18O, δ13C) and clumped (Δ47) isotope data from three foreland basin sections in different alluvial megafan settings (proximal, mid-fan, and distal). Combined pedogenic carbonate δ18O values and Δ47 temperatures (30±5 ∘C) yield a near-sea-level precipitation δ18Ow value of -5.8±1.2 ‰ and, in conjunction with the high-Alpine phyllosilicate δD value of -14.6±0.3 ‰, suggest that the region surrounding the Simplon Fault Zone attained surface elevations of >4000 m no later than the mid-Miocene. Our near-sea-level δ18Ow estimate is supported by paleoclimate (iGCM ECHAM5-wiso) modeled δ18O values, which vary between −4.2 ‰ and −7.6 ‰ for the Northern Alpine Foreland Basin.
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de Winter, Niels J., Johan Vellekoop, Robin Vorsselmans, Asefeh Golreihan, Jeroen Soete, Sierra V. Petersen, Kyle W. Meyer, Silvio Casadio, Robert P. Speijer, and Philippe Claeys. "An assessment of latest Cretaceous <i>Pycnodonte vesicularis</i> (Lamarck, 1806) shells as records for palaeoseasonality: a multi-proxy investigation." Climate of the Past 14, no. 6 (June 8, 2018): 725–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/cp-14-725-2018.

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Abstract. In order to assess the potential of the honeycomb oyster Pycnodonte vesicularis for the reconstruction of palaeoseasonality, several specimens recovered from late Maastrichtian strata in the Neuquén Basin (Argentina) were subject to a multi-proxy investigation, involving scanning techniques and trace element and isotopic analysis. Combined CT scanning and light microscopy reveals two calcite microstructures in P. vesicularis shells (vesicular and foliated calcite). Micro-XRF analysis and cathodoluminescence microscopy show that reducing pore fluids were able to migrate through the vesicular portions of the shells (aided by bore holes) and cause recrystallization of the vesicular calcite. This renders the vesicular portions not suitable for palaeoenvironmental reconstruction. In contrast, stable isotope and trace element compositions show that the original chemical composition of the foliated calcite is well-preserved and can be used for the reconstruction of palaeoenvironmental conditions. Stable oxygen and clumped isotope thermometry on carbonate from the dense hinge of the shell yield sea water temperatures of 11°C, while previous TEX86H palaeothermometry yielded much higher temperatures. The difference is ascribed to seasonal bias in the growth of P. vesicularis, causing warm seasons to be underrepresented from the record, while TEX86H palaeothermometry seems to be biased towards warmer surface water temperatures. The multi-proxy approach employed here enables us to differentiate between well-preserved and diagenetically altered portions of the shells and provides an improved methodology for reconstructing palaeoenvironmental conditions in deep time. While establishing a chronology for these shells was complicated by growth cessations and diagenesis, cyclicity in trace elements and stable isotopes allowed for a tentative interpretation of the seasonal cycle in late Maastrichtian palaeoenvironment of the Neuquén Basin. Attempts to independently verify the seasonality in sea water temperature by Mg ∕ Ca ratios of shell calcite are hampered by significant uncertainty due to the lack of proper transfer functions for pycnodontein oysters. Future studies of fossil ostreid bivalves should target dense, foliated calcite rather than sampling bulk or vesicular calcite. Successful application of clumped isotope thermometry on fossil bivalve calcite in this study indicates that temperature seasonality in fossil ostreid bivalves may be constrained by the sequential analysis of well-preserved foliated calcite samples using this method.
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Little, Reginald B. "Evidence of Stable Isotope 13C Causing All Cancers." European Journal of Applied Physics 4, no. 4 (August 14, 2022): 37–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.24018/ejphysics.2022.4.4.187.

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Evidence for a general mechanism of genesis of all cancers is given by presenting a puzzle and using recent results of aspartame and acesulfame-K to fit the pieces of the cancer puzzle together for proof of the mechanism of oncogenesis. Aspartame and acesulfame-K have been linked to cancer. Aspartame is a modified dipeptide (methylated phenylalanine (modified) and aspartic acid), so modified amino acids were thought to be more innocuous. The author previously noted isotopically enriched and/or clumped bond-specific amino acids and oligonucleotides have different biochemical reactions for different biology. Acesulfame-K is not a peptide or oligonucleotide but it has some similar chemical structure to oligonucleoside and reversibly decomposes to affect oligonucleosides and affect cells and bacteria cells like E Coli for producing isotopically enriched amino acids indirectly. E. Coli is present in the human digestive system and is known to accelerate stable isotope enrichment of amino acids with 13C, 15N, and/or 17O. Thereby acesulfame-K and aspartame induce isotopic enrichments and excessive 13C, 15N, and/or 17O introductions into proteins and nucleic acids. Such effects of 13C isotopes as induced by the bacteria and these chemicals like aspartame and acesulfame-K may be coupled to effects of static magnetic field(s) and radio frequency electromagnetic waves for explaining the complexity of results and inconsistent results from separating these effects. Thereby the 13C isotope enriched phenylalanine and/or aspartic acid may be the basis of malfunctioning normal cells for the genesis of cancer. Further support for this theory of 13C causing cancer by ingestion of aspartame is given by also noting the mystery and confounding results of monosodium glutamate causing cancer as the glutamate is synthesized by bacterial culture and the resulting ingested glutamic acid enriched with 13C and 15N and possibly 17O causes adverse biochemistry and enzymatics (relative to glutamate from healthy plants and animals rather than the bacterial industrial glutamate in MSG) for cancer and other diseases as explaining the observation of cancer and other diseases from acute and chronic MSG ingestion over months and years. The third case of bacterial production of insulin during the last 25 years for recent correlation to insulin causing cancer relative to less cancer from older methods of insulin production is more evidence of bacterial production of amino acids and peptides causing enriched heavy isotopes and the resulting enriched amino acids and peptides causing cancer relative to ingestion of 13C enriched carbohydrates.
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Thiagarajan, Nivedita, Antoine Crémière, Clara Blättler, Aivo Lepland, Kalle Kirsimäe, John Higgins, Harald Brunstad, and John Eiler. "Stable and clumped isotope characterization of authigenic carbonates in methane cold seep environments." Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta 279 (June 2020): 204–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.gca.2020.03.015.

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de Winter, Niels J., Tobias Agterhuis, and Martin Ziegler. "Optimizing sampling strategies in high-resolution paleoclimate records." Climate of the Past 17, no. 3 (June 21, 2021): 1315–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/cp-17-1315-2021.

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Abstract. The aim of paleoclimate studies resolving climate variability from noisy proxy records can in essence be reduced to a statistical problem. The challenge is to extract meaningful information about climate variability from these records by reducing measurement uncertainty through combining measurements for proxies while retaining the temporal resolution needed to assess the timing and duration of variations in climate parameters. In this study, we explore the limits of this compromise by testing different methods for combining proxy data (smoothing, binning, and sample size optimization) on a particularly challenging paleoclimate problem: resolving seasonal variability in stable isotope records. We test and evaluate the effects of changes in the seasonal temperature and the hydrological cycle as well as changes in the accretion rate of the archive and parameters such as sampling resolution and age model uncertainty in the reliability of seasonality reconstructions based on clumped and oxygen isotope analyses in 33 real and virtual datasets. Our results show that strategic combinations of clumped isotope analyses can significantly improve the accuracy of seasonality reconstructions compared to conventional stable oxygen isotope analyses, especially in settings in which the isotopic composition of the water is poorly constrained. Smoothing data using a moving average often leads to an apparent dampening of the seasonal cycle, significantly reducing the accuracy of reconstructions. A statistical sample size optimization protocol yields more precise results than smoothing. However, the most accurate results are obtained through monthly binning of proxy data, especially in cases in which growth rate or water composition cycles obscure the seasonal temperature cycle. Our analysis of a wide range of natural situations reveals that the effect of temperature seasonality on oxygen isotope records almost invariably exceeds that of changes in water composition. Thus, in most cases, oxygen isotope records allow reliable identification of growth seasonality as a basis for age modeling in the absence of independent chronological markers in the record. These specific findings allow us to formulate general recommendations for sampling and combining data in paleoclimate research and have implications beyond the reconstruction of seasonality. We briefly discuss the implications of our results for solving common problems in paleoclimatology and stratigraphy.
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Falk, E. S., W. Guo, A. N. Paukert, J. M. Matter, E. M. Mervine, and P. B. Kelemen. "Controls on the stable isotope compositions of travertine from hyperalkaline springs in Oman: Insights from clumped isotope measurements." Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta 192 (November 2016): 1–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.gca.2016.06.026.

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Vieira, Daniella S. C., Daniel Pivko, László Rinyu, László Palcsu, Gabriella I. Kiss, Hsun-Ming Hu, Chuan-Chou Shen, and Sándor Kele. "Age and Depositional Temperature of Quaternary Travertine Spring Mounds from Slovakia." Minerals 13, no. 6 (June 10, 2023): 794. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/min13060794.

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Travertine spring mounds are common in Slovakia; however, their age and depositional temperature are still poorly known. Our study is the first multimethodological investigation involving stable carbon, oxygen, and clumped isotope (Δ47) analyses and U-Th age determination of travertine mounds from different locations in Slovakia (Santovka, Dudince, Čerin, Bešeňová, Liptovský Ján, Liptovské Sliače, Vyšné Ružbachy, Gánovce, and Sivá Brada) to provide information about their age, origin, precipitation conditions, and temperature. The positive δ13C values imply that the parent water was charged with heavy CO2 of deep origin. The δ18O values of spring waters range between −11.4‰ and −8.9‰, whereas the δ2H values vary from −80.5‰ to −58.3, indicating a meteoric origin for spring waters. Clumped isotope compositions (Δ47) correspond to a deposition temperature between 4 °C and 32 °C. The U-Th age data of the studied travertines vary from 1.2 (Liptovské Sliače) to 301 ka (Dudince). Our results can serve as a basis for further detailed geochronological and geochemical studies to reconstruct the paleoclimate and paleoenvironment during travertine deposition periods in Slovakia since the mid-Pleistocene transition.
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Stable and clumped isotope"

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Methner, Katharina [Verfasser], Andreas [Gutachter] Mulch, and C. Page [Gutachter] Chamberlain. "Recovering Eocene paleotopography and paleoclimate of the North American Cordillera through integrated stable isotope and clumped isotope analyses / Katharina Methner ; Gutachter: Andreas Mulch, C. Page Chamberlain." Frankfurt am Main : Universitätsbibliothek Johann Christian Senckenberg, 2016. http://d-nb.info/1115250353/34.

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Li, Shanying. "Petrological and stable isotopic study of lacustrine and paleosol carbonates: Implications for paleoelevation and tectonic evolution of the Tibetan Plateau." Miami University / OhioLINK, 2016. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=miami1461562459.

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Peral, Marion. "Calibration of the clumped-isotope thermometer in foraminifera and its application to paleoclimatic reconstructions of the mid-Pleistocene in the Gulf of Taranto." Thesis, Université Paris-Saclay (ComUE), 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018SACLS382/document.

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Quantifier les variations de température océanique du passé est nécessaire pour comprendre les mécanismes qui régissent l’évolution climatique. Les méthodes de paléo-thermométrie classiques peuvent souffrir de limitation inhérente à l’écologie des organismes et/ou à cause de l’influence d'effets physico-chimiques (salinité, acidité de l’eau de mer…). Ce travail se focalise sur la technique de paléothermométrie Δ47, qui repose sur la mesure du « clumping isotopique » dans les carbonates. Il vise d’abord à établir une calibration appliquée aux foraminifères et ensuite à mettre en œuvre cette calibration pour l’étude des variations climatiques au cours de la transition du Pléistocène moyen (MPT). Notre calibration Δ47-température des foraminifères planctoniques et benthiques, prélevés dans des sédiments modernes, couvre une gamme de température de -2 à 25°C. Les valeurs de Δ47 sur 9 espèces de foraminifères présentent une excellente corrélation avec la température de calcification des organismes, estimée à partir des mesures isotopiques de l’oxygène. Les résultats obtenus confirment l’absence d’effets liés à l’écologie des foraminifères (effets vitaux et de taille des organismes) et démontrent que la salinité n’affecte pas les mesures de Δ47. Cette étude constitue une avancée méthodologique importante pour les futures études paléocéanographiques sur les foraminifères. La MPT correspond à une transition climatique marquée par un changement de fréquence des cycles glaciaires-interglaciaires (de 41 000 à 100 000 ans). La compréhension de cette période est un enjeu scientifique majeur pour appréhender la mise en place du climat actuel. Notre calibration Δ47-température a permis de quantifier les variations de températures au cours de la MPT en mer méditerranée (Section de Montalbano Jonico, sud de l’Italie) et particulièrement des stades isotopiques marins 31 et 19, considérés comme des analogues à l’Holocène. Les résultats indiquent que (i) les températures (Δ47) obtenues sont en adéquation avec les températures obtenues par d’autres paléothermomètres, (2) les températures permettent de retracer les changements de régime océanographique et hydrologique, et (3) la mesure du Δ47 est complément prometteur pour les études multi-méthodes en paléocéanographie
The quantification of past oceanic temperature changes is a critical requirement for understanding the mechanisms which regulate climate variations. Classical methods of paleothermometry could suffer from well-known limitations related to ecology and/or to physico-chemical biases (sea water salinity, acidity…). This work focuses on clumped-isotope carbonate thermometry (Δ47). It aims to establish a calibration of Δ47 foraminifera and use it to study past climatic variations through the Mid-Pleistocene Transition (MPT). Our Δ47 calibration in planktonic and benthic foraminifera collected from modern marine sediment covers a temperature range of -2 to 25 °C. The clumped-isotope compositions of 9 species of foraminifera show a robust correlation with the calcification temperature, estimated from the measurements of oxygen-18. These results confirm the absence of bias linked to foraminifer ecology (species-specific and foraminifer size effects) and provide evidence that salinity does not affect the Δ47 thermometer. This study constitutes significant methodological progress for future paleoceanographic applications in foraminifera.The MPT is a climatic transition characterized by a shift in the frequencies of glacial-interglacial cycles (from 41 000 to 100 000 years). Understanding the MPT is a major scientific objective, which underlies our effort to study the establishment of our present climate. Our Δ47 calibration was used to quantify temperature changes through the MPT in the Mediterranea Sea (Montalbano Jonico section, south of Italy), and in particular the marine isotopic stages 31 and 19, which may be described as Holocene analogues. We find that (1) Δ47 temperatures are in good agreement with temperatures reconstructed from other paleothermometers, (2) these results allow reconstructing changes in past oceanographic and hydrologic regime, and (3) Δ47 measurement are a promising component of multi-proxy paleoceanographic studies
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Guo, Weifu Blake Geoffrey A. Eiler John. "Carbonate clumped isotope thermometry : application to carbonaceous chondrites and effects of kinetic isotope fractionation /." Diss., Pasadena, Calif. : California Institute of Technology, 2009. http://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechETD:etd-12182008-115035.

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Kirk, Ruth. "Development of clumped isotope techniques and their application to palaeoclimate studies." Thesis, University of East Anglia, 2017. https://ueaeprints.uea.ac.uk/63690/.

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The aims of this research were to firstly help development of clumped isotope measurements of carbonate samples at UEA, and to then explore whether the technique could be used to retrieve robust environmental signals from geological material. This specifically looks at the Hirnantian glaciation at the boundary between the Ordovician and Silurian periods. Using the MIRA instrument, it is possible to make high precision measurements to enable the assessment of Earth surface temperatures. Long term precision of standard material is comparable to existing studies. MIRA is also absent of any non-linearity issues. Removal of contaminants and the identification of samples displaying contamination is stringent, as we find contamination has a serious effect on the Δ47 signal. Using modern biogenic carbonates and controlled temperature precipitates, the relationship between the clumped isotope signatures represented by the Δ47 value and temperature is: Δ47(ARF) = 3.5 x 10⁴/ T² + 0.2416. The relationship lies within measurement error of the theoretical estimate of temperature sensitivity. Applying this temperature calibration to fossil material collected from across the Ordovician/Silurian boundary found that the clumped isotope signal had been overprinted during diagenesis, and it has not been possible to extract an original Earth Surface temperature. However, the isotopic signal does show how the basin has developed during diagenesis under closed system conditions. As a result, the bulk δ¹⁸O and δ¹³C values have not been altered and record an original environmental signal.
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Laycock, Adam John. "Stable isotope tracing of engineered nanoparticles." Thesis, Imperial College London, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/10044/1/43853.

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Engineered nanoparticles (NPs) are increasingly being used in consumer products due to their novel properties. Consequently, concerns have been raised over the potential hazards that these materials may present as a result of their release into the natural environment. This has prompted numerous investigations into the environmental behavior, transport and fate of engineered NPs. Importantly the predicted environmental concentrations of these materials is often x10 to x100 lower than the natural background levels of the element. Many studies overcome this problem with the use of high dosing concentrations, however this raises concerns regarding environmental relevance. The work presented in this thesis demonstrates how stable isotope tracing enables the accurate detection and quantification of engineered NPs in complex biological samples even when exposures are performed at low and environmentally relevant concentrations. This thesis focuses on three of the most prominent commercially available NPs; ZnO, CeO2 and Ag, and covers all aspects of the application of stable isotope labeling and tracing for these materials. This includes; (i) an assessment and evaluation of the technique for application with CeO2 NPs, including the development of chemical separation and mass spectrometric methods for an environmental tracer study, (ii) the assessment of a synthesis protocol for the production of isotopically labeled Ag NPs, and (iii) two environmental tracer studies to assess the uptake and loss of Zn from ZnO NPs by an estuarine snail and earthworm.
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Nelson, Michael Eric. "Nonactin biosynthesis : stable isotope precursor studies /." The Ohio State University, 2001. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1486399451962492.

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FRANZOI, ALESSANDRO. "ANIMAL ECOLOGY THROUGH STABLE ISOTOPE ANALYSIS." Doctoral thesis, Università degli studi di Pavia, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/11571/1203350.

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Stable Isotope Ratios techniques raised in the last thirty years as a novel approach very useful for researchers and ecologists that intend to deepen into manifold aspects of animal ecology. In particular, isotopic ratios in animal tissues ultimately reflect diet, and the isotopic composition of diet reflects biogeochemical attributes of environments that may, in turn, show spatial structure and pattern, both at local and continental scale. Here, SIRs techniques were applied to birds, and, in particular, the stable isotope ratios of hydrogen, carbon, nitrogen, oxygen and sulfur were determined in bird feathers. The study was articulated in three different case studies. In the first two studies, SIRs technique was applied to migratory birds, sampled during post-breeding migration on Italian Alps. In particular, feathers were sampled on juvenile Passerines captured in some ringing stations of ‘Progetto Alpi’ long-term monitoring project. The focus was put both on commonly and less commonly observed species (more than 800 individuals of 48 species). The first study aimed to determine the geographical breeding origin of migrants using the stable isotope ratios of hydrogen and oxygen. The study allowed 1) to perform an analyses on the relationship between hydrogen and oxygen isotope ratios of several species, 2) to verify whether migratory populations have distinct geographical origins, different timing of passage and a comparison between species. To achieve the aims, a recovery data set was also used. The second study focused on the application of stable isotope ratios of carbon, nitrogen and sulfur to infer the trophic attitudes of different passerine species during the breeding season. In this study more species were analyzed, aiming to understand if isotopic variability of carbon, nitrogen and sulfur were able to distinguish trophic relationships between species which have similar diets. It was found that species are isotopically different grouping them for migratory phenology. These first two studies want to be a start point to better understand migrant trends across the Alps and Europe, and to improve knowledge in using stable isotopes in European continent. The third case study focused on lesser kestrel breeding ecology in the Gela Plain, in Sicily. In particular the stable isotope ratios of hydrogen, carbon, nitrogen, oxygen and sulfur were measured in feathers of nestlings. The aim of this study was to delineate the isotopic fingerprint of the hunting areas of their parents, making possible to distinguish different spatial uses of adults within and between colonies, and verifying if different habitat selected may be translated into distinct isotopic composition in keratinous tissues. Findings underlined the potential that a multi-isotope approach has in studying animal ecology, especially in detecting trophic partitioning and habitat selection at local and regional scale.
Stable Isotope Ratios techniques raised in the last thirty years as a novel approach very useful for researchers and ecologists that intend to deepen into manifold aspects of animal ecology. In particular, isotopic ratios in animal tissues ultimately reflect diet, and the isotopic composition of diet reflects biogeochemical attributes of environments that may, in turn, show spatial structure and pattern, both at local and continental scale. Here, SIRs techniques were applied to birds, and, in particular, the stable isotope ratios of hydrogen, carbon, nitrogen, oxygen and sulfur were determined in bird feathers. The study was articulated in three different case studies. In the first two studies, SIRs technique was applied to migratory birds, sampled during post-breeding migration on Italian Alps. In particular, feathers were sampled on juvenile Passerines captured in some ringing stations of ‘Progetto Alpi’ long-term monitoring project. The focus was put both on commonly and less commonly observed species (more than 800 individuals of 48 species). The first study aimed to determine the geographical breeding origin of migrants using the stable isotope ratios of hydrogen and oxygen. The study allowed 1) to perform an analyses on the relationship between hydrogen and oxygen isotope ratios of several species, 2) to verify whether migratory populations have distinct geographical origins, different timing of passage and a comparison between species. To achieve the aims, a recovery data set was also used. The second study focused on the application of stable isotope ratios of carbon, nitrogen and sulfur to infer the trophic attitudes of different passerine species during the breeding season. In this study more species were analyzed, aiming to understand if isotopic variability of carbon, nitrogen and sulfur were able to distinguish trophic relationships between species which have similar diets. It was found that species are isotopically different grouping them for migratory phenology. These first two studies want to be a start point to better understand migrant trends across the Alps and Europe, and to improve knowledge in using stable isotopes in European continent. The third case study focused on lesser kestrel breeding ecology in the Gela Plain, in Sicily. In particular the stable isotope ratios of hydrogen, carbon, nitrogen, oxygen and sulfur were measured in feathers of nestlings. The aim of this study was to delineate the isotopic fingerprint of the hunting areas of their parents, making possible to distinguish different spatial uses of adults within and between colonies, and verifying if different habitat selected may be translated into distinct isotopic composition in keratinous tissues. Findings underlined the potential that a multi-isotope approach has in studying animal ecology, especially in detecting trophic partitioning and habitat selection at local and regional scale.
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9

Howland, Mark Roger. "Compound-specific stable isotope investigations of the influence of diet on the stable isotope composition of body tissues." Thesis, University of Bristol, 2003. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.274604.

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Kaiser, Jan. "Stable isotope investigations of atmospheric nitrous oxide." [S.l. : s.n.], 2002. http://ArchiMeD.uni-mainz.de/pub/2003/0004/diss.pdf.

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Books on the topic "Stable and clumped isotope"

1

W, Valley John, Cole David R, and Mineralogical Society of America, eds. Stable isotope geochemistry. Washington, D.C: Mineralogical Society of America, 2001.

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Stable isotope geochemistry. 4th ed. Berlin: Springer, 1997.

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Hoefs, Jochen. Stable Isotope Geochemistry. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-77692-3.

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Hoefs, Jochen. Stable Isotope Geochemistry. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2004. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-662-05406-2.

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Dumont, Marc G., and Marcela Hernández García, eds. Stable Isotope Probing. New York, NY: Springer New York, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4939-9721-3.

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Hoefs, Jochen. Stable Isotope Geochemistry. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 1987. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-662-09998-8.

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Hoefs, Jochen. Stable Isotope Geochemistry. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-78527-1.

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Fry, Brian. Stable Isotope Ecology. New York, NY: Springer New York, 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/0-387-33745-8.

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Meier-Augenstein, Wolfram. Stable Isotope Forensics. Chichester, UK: John Wiley & Sons, Ltd, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/9781119080190.

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Hoefs, Jochen. Stable Isotope Geochemistry. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 1997. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-662-03377-7.

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Book chapters on the topic "Stable and clumped isotope"

1

Huston, David L., Robert B. Trumbull, Georges Beaudoin, and Trevor Ireland. "Light Stable Isotopes (H, B, C, O and S) in Ore Studies—Methods, Theory, Applications and Uncertainties." In Isotopes in Economic Geology, Metallogenesis and Exploration, 209–44. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-27897-6_8.

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AbstractVariations in the abundances of light stable isotopes, particularly those of hydrogen, boron, carbon, oxygen and sulfur, were essential in developing mineralization models. The data provide constraints on sources of hydrothermal fluids, carbon, boron and sulfur, track interaction of these fluids with the rocks at both the deposit and district scales, and establish processes of ore deposition. In providing such constraints, isotopic data have been integral in developing genetic models for porphyry-epithermal, volcanic-hosted massive sulfide, orogenic gold, sediment-hosted base metal and banded-iron formation-hosted iron ore systems, as discussed here and in other chapters in this book. After providing conventions, definitions and standards used to present stable isotope data, this chapter summarizes analytical methods, both bulk and in situ, discusses processes that fractionate stable isotopes, documents the isotopic characteristics of major fluid and rock reservoirs, and then shows how stable isotope data have been used to better understand ore-forming processes and to provide vectors to ore. Analytical procedures, initially developed in the 1940s for carbon–oxygen analysis of bulk samples of carbonate minerals, have developed so that, for most stable isotopic systems, spots as small as a few tens of μm are routinely analyzed. This precision provides the paragenetic and spatial resolution necessary to answer previously unresolvable genetic questions (and create new questions). Stable isotope fractionation reflects geological and geochemical processes important in ore formation, including: (1) phase changes such as boiling, (2) water–rock interaction, (3) cooling, (4) fluid mixing, (5) devolatilization, and (6) redox reactions, including SO2 disproportionation caused by the cooling of magmatic-hydrothermal fluids and photolytic dissociation in the atmosphere. These processes commonly produce gradients in isotopic data, both in time and in space. These gradients, commonly mappable in space, provide not only evidence of process but also exploration vectors. Stable isotope data can be used to estimate the conditions of alteration or mineralization when data for coexisting minerals are available. These estimates use experimentally- or theoretically-determined fractionation equations to estimate temperatures of mineral formation. If the temperature is known from isotopic or other data (e.g., fluid inclusion data or chemical geothermometers), the isotopic composition of the hydrothermal fluid components can be estimated. If fluid inclusion homogenization and compositional data exist, the pressure and depth of mineralization can be estimated. One of the most common uses of stable isotope data has been to determine, or more correctly delimit, fluid and sulfur sources. Estimates of the isotopic compositions of hydrothermal fluids, in most cases, do not define unequivocal sources, but, rather, eliminate sources. As an example, the field of magmatic fluids largely overlap that of metamorphic fluids in δ18O-δD space, but are significantly different to the fields of meteoric waters and seawater. As such, a meteoric or seawater origin for a fluid source may be resolvable, but a magmatic source cannot be resolved from a metamorphic source. Similarly, although δ34S ~ 0‰ is consistent with a magmatic-hydrothermal sulfur source, the signature can also be produced by leaching of an igneous source. Recent analytical and conceptual advances have enabled gathering of new types of isotopic data and application of these data to resolve new problems in mineral deposit genesis and geosciences in general. Recent developments such as rapid isotopic analysis of geological materials or clumped isotopes will continue to increase the utility of stable isotope data in mineral deposit genesis and metallogeny, and, importantly, for mineral exploration.
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Fry, Brian. "Isotope Chi." In Stable Isotope Ecology, 76–118. New York, NY: Springer New York, 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/0-387-33745-8_4.

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Fry, Brian. "Isotope Additions." In Stable Isotope Ecology, 183–93. New York, NY: Springer New York, 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/0-387-33745-8_6.

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Johnston, D. T., and W. W. Fischer. "Stable Isotope Geobiology." In Fundamentals of Geobiology, 250–68. Chichester, UK: John Wiley & Sons, Ltd, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/9781118280874.ch14.

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White, William M. "Stable Isotope Geochemistry." In Encyclopedia of Earth Sciences Series, 1–8. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-39193-9_351-1.

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White, William M. "Stable Isotope Geochemistry." In Encyclopedia of Earth Sciences Series, 1367–74. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-39312-4_351.

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Katzenberg, M. Anne, and Andrea L. Waters-Rist. "STABLE ISOTOPE ANALYSIS." In Biological Anthropology of the Human Skeleton, 467–504. Hoboken, NJ, USA: John Wiley & Sons, Inc., 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/9781119151647.ch14.

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van Harskamp, Dewi, Johannes B. van Goudoever, and Henk Schierbeek. "Stable Isotope Technology." In Mass Spectrometry and Stable Isotopes in Nutritional and Pediatric Research, 45–66. Hoboken, NJ, USA: John Wiley & Sons, Inc., 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/9781119341185.ch2.

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Criss, Robert E. "Stable Isotope Distribution." In AGU Reference Shelf, 292–307. Washington, D. C.: American Geophysical Union, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1029/rf001p0292.

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Mays, Simon. "Stable isotope analysis." In The Archaeology of Human Bones, 268–91. 3rd ed. Third edition. | New York : Routledge, 2021.: Routledge, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9781315171821-11.

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Conference papers on the topic "Stable and clumped isotope"

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Wang, Jordan W., Fabrizio Agosta, Keith R. Hodson, Juliet G. Crider, and Katharine W. Huntington. "CHARACTERIZING FAULT ZONE FLUIDS FROM CARBONATES USING STABLE ISOTOPES AND CLUMPED ISOTOPE PALEOTHERMOMETRY IN NORMAL FAULTS OF CENTRAL ITALY." In GSA Annual Meeting in Seattle, Washington, USA - 2017. Geological Society of America, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1130/abs/2017am-305092.

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Thiagarajan, Nivedita, Alexandra Phillips, Nami Kitchen, Frank Kinnaman, David Valentine, Michael J. Formolo, Michael Lawson, et al. "STABLE AND CLUMPED ISOTOPE CONSTRAINTS ON THE ORIGINS OF NATURAL GASES FROM COLD SEEP ENVIRONMENTS." In GSA Connects 2021 in Portland, Oregon. Geological Society of America, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1130/abs/2021am-370288.

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Wedel, Steven, Sierra V. Petersen, Jade Zhang, Ian Z. Winkelstern, and Kyger C. Lohmann. "TEMPERATURE AND OXYGEN ISOTOPE SEASONALITY OF THE LAST INTERGLACIAL (MIS-5E) FROM ANALYSIS OF STABLE AND CLUMPED ISOTOPES OF BERMUDA BIVALVES." In 54th Annual GSA North-Central Section Meeting - 2020. Geological Society of America, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1130/abs/2020nc-347790.

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Peral, Marion, Franck Bassinot, Mathieu Daëron, Dominique Blamart, William Gray, Jérôme Bonnin, Frans Jorissen, et al. "The contribution of the foraminiferal Mg/Ca ratio, clumped and conventional stable isotope paleothermometers combination for palaeoceanographic studies." In Goldschmidt2021. France: European Association of Geochemistry, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.7185/gold2021.6146.

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Jesmok, Greg, Deepshikha Upadhyay, Deepshikha Upadhyay, Xing Jian, Xing Jian, Mahala Herron-Rutland, Mahala Herron-Rutland, Aradhna Tripati, and Aradhna Tripati. "TEMPERATURE MEASUREMENTS AND PALEOCLIMATE ANALYSES OF SEDIMENTARY CARBONATES FROM THE CENOZOIC QAIDAM BASIN, QINGHAI PROVINCE, CHINA, USING STABLE ISOTOPES AND CLUMPED ISOTOPE THERMOMETRY." In GSA Annual Meeting in Indianapolis, Indiana, USA - 2018. Geological Society of America, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1130/abs/2018am-325077.

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Oliphant, Elizabeth, Sierra V. Petersen, Andrea Dutton, and Kyger C. Lohmann. "INTERPRETING LIFECYCLE BEHAVIOR OF EXTINCT BIVALVE SPECIES THROUGH STABLE AND CLUMPED ISOTOPIC VARIATIONS." In GSA Annual Meeting in Seattle, Washington, USA - 2017. Geological Society of America, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1130/abs/2017am-302293.

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Hudson, Adam M., Kathleen B. Springer, and Jeffrey S. Pigati. "STABLE AND CLUMPED ISOTOPE COMPOSITIONS OF SPRING DISCHARGE CARBONATES OF THE LAS VEGAS FORMATION, SOUTHERN NEVADA: PRELIMINARY CONSTRAINTS ON PALEOHYDROLOGY AND PALEOCLIMATE." In GSA Annual Meeting in Phoenix, Arizona, USA - 2019. Geological Society of America, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1130/abs/2019am-335217.

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Huntington, Katharine W., Kristina K. Sumner, Trenton T. Cladouhos, Christopher French, Erin R. Camp, Matthew E. Uddenberg, and Michael Swyer. "STABLE AND CLUMPED ISOTOPE RECORD OF FAULT-RELATED FLUID FLOW AND MINERALIZATION IN THE BLUE MOUNTAIN GEOTHERMAL FIELD, BASIN AND RANGE, NEVADA USA." In GSA Annual Meeting in Denver, Colorado, USA - 2016. Geological Society of America, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1130/abs/2016am-284125.

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Fan, Majie, Conan Godfrey, Greg Jesmok, Deepshikha Upadhyay, and Aradhna Tripati. "PETROGRAPHY AND STABLE AND CLUMPED ISOTOPE GEOCHEMISTRY OF OLIGOCENE-MIOCENE CONTINENTAL CARBONATES IN SOUTH TEXAS: IMPLICATIONS FOR PALEOCLIMATE AND PALEOENVIRONMENT VARIATIONS NEAR SEA-LEVEL." In GSA Annual Meeting in Seattle, Washington, USA - 2017. Geological Society of America, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1130/abs/2017am-302557.

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Kelson, Julia R., Katharine W. Huntington, Daniel O. Breecker, Landon Burgener, Timothy M. Gallagher, Gregory D. Hoke, and Sierra Petersen. "ADVANCING TERRESTRIAL PALEOCLIMATE WITH A PROCESS-BASED UNDERSTANDING OF THE SEASONAL BIAS OF THE CLUMPED AND STABLE ISOTOPIC COMPOSITIONS OF SOIL CARBONATES." In GSA 2020 Connects Online. Geological Society of America, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1130/abs/2020am-358636.

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Reports on the topic "Stable and clumped isotope"

1

Ishida, T. Stable isotope studies. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), January 1992. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/7180318.

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Ishida, Takanobu. Stable isotope studies. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), October 1989. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/5484042.

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Bell, W. A., and J. G. Tracy. Stable isotope inventory requirements and enrichment capabilities. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), December 1985. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/6452194.

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Burke, F. P., R. A. Winschel, and M. S. Lancet. Stable carbon isotope analysis of coprocessing materials. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), June 1989. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/5717939.

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Abrajano, T. A. Jr, and B. D. Holt. Stable isotope variations in Banded Iron Formations. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), March 1991. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/10134170.

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Jautzy, J. J., B. Fosu, T. Al, and I. Clark. Development of automatized clumped isotope measurements on dolomite for improved characterization of paleofluids in sedimentary rocks. Natural Resources Canada/CMSS/Information Management, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.4095/328456.

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Tracy, J. G. Stable isotope customer list and summary of shipments:. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), March 1988. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/5250942.

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Unkefer, C. J., L. A. III Silks, and R. A. Martinez. Stable isotope labeling of oligosaccharide cell surface antigens. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), December 1998. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/562619.

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Inglis, Jeremy David. Utility of heavy stable isotope measurements to characterize UOC. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), September 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/1475311.

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Volpe, A., and M. Singleton. Stable Isotope Characterization of TICs/TIMs: Analytical Progress Report. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), June 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/958174.

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