Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Stabilité et réactivité des diénophiles'
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Devès, Lise. "Additifs pour application bitume. Formulation de bitumes renforcés aux températures d’usage et fluidifiés au-delà de 140 °C." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Paris 6, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017PA066656.
Full textPolymers and molecules bearing reactive furan and maleimide moieties were synthesized. Diels-Alder reaction was studied in solution and in mass using model systems which allowed the concept of thermoreversible association to be validated. Sol-gel transition was characterized thoroughly by rheology, employing the Winter-Chambon criterion and essential parameters such as the activation energy were obtained. Synthesized additives were then introduced into the bitumen with the aim of reinforcing the bitumen at service temperature without increasing its viscosity at high temperature to prevent any processing difficulties. One of the studied formulations was found to be particularly promising and its properties were thoroughly investigated. It was thus shown that the additives bring elasticity at 5 °C and that rigidity is enhanced between 40 and 80 °C. Above 135 °C the viscosity of the formulation became lower than that of the bitumen alone. The synthesis of new dienophiles was presented and, their stability at 140 °C and their reactivity towards the furan moiety were investigated. Some dienophiles proved to be stable at 140°C but this enhanced stability went along with a reduced reactivity
Levkov, Igor. "Réactivité du 1-aminoisoindole, de ses dérivés et analogues : action des diénophiles en milieu homogène et structuré." Toulouse 3, 2013. http://thesesups.ups-tlse.fr/2054/.
Full textWith the Curtin-Hammett principle for the first time isoindoles which are mainly exist in the isoindoline tautomeric form were introduced into the reaction with cyclic dienophiles and the products of these reactions were obtained. We synthesized a series of surfactantson the basis of isoindoles with long alkyl chains and studied their physico-chemical properties of aggregation in water and formamide. The reactivity of 1-aminoisoindole was compared in homogeneous and structured media. It has been shown that structured environment can act as a catalyst in the interaction with maleimides. In the case where the concentration of amphiphilic derivatives of aminoisoindole is lower than the critical aggregation concentration (homogeneous medium), the reaction with maleimide does not happen. We proposed two new methods of the synthesis of fluorescent derivatives of 4-aminobenzo[f]isoindole which have some advantages over described in the literature including the velocity of the reaction, simple way of obtaining products with high purity and better yields
Tomas, Alexandre. "Stabilité et réactivité de radicaux acyles et acylperoxyles d'intérêt en chimie de l'atmosphère." Bordeaux 1, 2000. http://www.theses.fr/2000BOR10555.
Full textBerho, Florence. "Stabilité et réactivité de radicaux libres intervenant dans l'oxydation des hydrocarbures aromatiques." Bordeaux 1, 1998. http://www.theses.fr/1998BOR10567.
Full textSafou-Tchiama, Rodrigue. "Caractérisation physico-chimique stabilité supramoléculaire et réactivité chimique de quelques essences tropicales." Bordeaux 1, 2005. http://www.theses.fr/2005BOR13095.
Full textDemangeat, Edwige. "Devenir des nanoparticules dans l'environnement : stabilité colloïdale, réactivité chimique et impacts sur le végétal." Thesis, Rennes 1, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018REN1B050/document.
Full textEngineered Iron Oxide Nanoparticles (IONPs) are specific nanoscale materials that have recently been used into wide environmental applications. The dispersion of IONPs into soils and waters, as well as their interactions with living organisms, raise many scientific issues. The first part of this work is intended to provide a thorough characterization of IONPs in aqueous solution, from their intrinsic physico-chemical properties to their colloidal behavior and chemical reactivity. Surface modifications are applied to evidence the key role of surface chemistry towards most interactions IONPs encounter. In particular, humic acid reduce NPs-Fe aggregation and display a high adsorption capacity for trace metals, especially copper (Cu).On the other hand, the pH of the solution play a critical role towards NPs-Fe interactions. Depending on the pH, the surface charge of the particles are modified and hence pH is involved in the electrostatic forces that drive the particles aggregation state and contribute to metal adsorption. The second part of the study is focused on the interactions occurring with IONPs in presence of plants. Several experiments are conducted in aqueous solution and in soil columns to precise the impacts of IONPs on the growth medium and to assess the effects of IONPs on plants. Results (magnetic susceptibility) show that IONPs manage to penetrate the roots of beans and sunflower plants (57 and 63 days-old) and that they are translocated to the aerial parts in low amounts. Plants respond to IONPs penetration by increasing the plant biomass and the chlorophyll contents and by decreasing the lipid peroxidation
Chevallier, Marius. "Démesure de la réactivité et de l'expertise : tempérance du sens vécu et de la stabilité : le cas des coopératives." Thesis, Toulouse 1, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011TOU10024/document.
Full textEconomics, as surveyed in Econlit and Business Source Complete journals, is strongly critical about the efficiency of cooperative firms. That survey is completed by a comparative analysis on employment characteristics in stock companies and cooperative firms (INSEE French data on 780 jobs in cooperatives and 26000 jobs in stock companies). Results are that cooperatives show a low degree of reactivity and expertise. Thus the understanding of the survival of cooperatives requires to show that the excessive hold of those principles of reactivity and expertise on current behaviors are sources of inefficiency (negative externalities, under-utilization of internal competences, etc), whereas the opposite principles of stability and experienced sense are sources of efficiency (tacit and informal knowledge of the environment). Expertise and reactivity form an abstract rationality while stability and experienced sense form a concrete one. Concrete and abstract rationalities are alternative viable sources of efficiency. But in a context where reactivity and expertise have an excessive hold on behaviours, it is necessary to promote stability and experienced sense, which the promotion of cooperative firms may ensure
Alouane, Nacira. "Etude de la réactivité des allénylcuivres vis-à-vis des aldéhydes, application à la synthèse diastéréosélective et énantiosélective d'alcools homopropargyliques." Paris 6, 2007. http://www.theses.fr/2007PA066087.
Full textThis manuscript describes a new strategy for the synthesis of homopropargylic alcohols by using allenyl copper reagents. The addition of allenylcyanocuprates onto aldehydes gives anti propargylic alcohols with a good selectivity. We have found that it is possible to reverse the stereochemical course of this reaction by using allenylalkylcuprates which give the syn alcohols. Calculations have allowed us to understand the reactivity of all these species and the crucial effect of the lithium cation associated. An asymmetric version of these reactions has been developed starting from an optically pure oxazolidinone. The allenyl copper species have been found to be configurationnally unstable at low temperature by using the Hoffman test
Biellmann, Claudine. "Stabilité et réactivité des carbonates à très hautes pression et température : implications pour le stockage du carbone dans le manteau." Rennes 1, 1993. http://www.theses.fr/1993REN10132.
Full textRaii, Mohamed. "Formulation, caractérisation et mise en œuvre des barrières perméables réactives à base de phosphate de calcium, utilisation pour la fixation de polluants." Phd thesis, Toulouse, INPT, 2012. http://oatao.univ-toulouse.fr/9123/1/raii.pdf.
Full textMeynard, Corinne. "Influence des paramètres structuraux sur la stabilité et la réactivité de centres actifs Ziegler-Natta dans la polymérisation de l'éthylène et des alpha oléfines." Bordeaux 1, 1990. http://www.theses.fr/1990BOR10513.
Full textOudet, François. "Contribution à l'étude de la réactivité et de la stabilité des catalyseurs de post-combustion automobile de type platinoïdes supportés sur alumine." Compiègne, 1988. http://www.theses.fr/1988COMPD099.
Full textJacquens, Julien. "Stabilité, réactivité et performances de conducteurs par ions oxyde de la famille LAMOX comme éléments de cœur de pile à combustible SOFC mono-chambre." Le Mans, 2010. http://cyberdoc.univ-lemans.fr/theses/2010/2010LEMA1020.pdf.
Full textThe compounds of the LAMOX family, based on La2Mo2O9, are pure fast oxide ionic conductors in air. However, they could be reduced in atmosphere with low oxygen partial pressure. The aim of this work has been to probe the feasibility of their use as electrolyte of Solid Oxide Fuel Cell, with inglechamber geometry (less reducing). The first part of results is dedicated to the stability and catalytical properties of LAMOX compounds and electrode materials under propane:air mixture (similar to single chamber conditions). The stability of LAMOX powder has been probed after 72h at 600°C. Moreover La2Mo2O9 (LM) seems to be a good oxidation catalyst, which might be useful as anode composite Ni:LM. Under more reducing atmosphere (diluted hydrogen), electrical measurements have shown that the reduction of LAMOX compounds could be optimised in order to form mixed ionic/electronic conducting anodes. In the second part, interest is given to solid/solid compatibility between different components. Chemical and mechanical compatibility tests have guided our choice on two new cathode materials, La0. 85Ca0. 15FeO3-δ and La0. 75Ca0. 25Co0. 8Fe0. 2O3-δ/Ce0. 9Gd0. 1O1. 95 which had never been tested in real operating conditions of fuel cell. Concerning the anode Ni:La2Mo1. 5W0. 5O9 (LMW0,5), no problem of incompatibility has been observed with the electrolyte LMW0. 5. Finally, in a third part, fuel cell tests have shown that the use of this electrolyte seems to be possible under propane:air mixture at 600°C. However, the power of cell is lower with two levels of magnitude to that reported in litterature, because of poor electrochemical activity of the cathodes for oxygen reduction, checked by symmetric cell measurements. The nickel content of the anode and its dimensions have also proved crucial for the choice of operating conditions and the stability of fuel cell performances
Raii, Mohamed. "Formulation, caractérisation et mise en oeuvre de barrières perméables réactives à base de phosphate de calcium, Utilisation pour la fixation de polluants." Phd thesis, Institut National Polytechnique de Toulouse - INPT, 2012. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00842771.
Full textEl, Anssari Abdallah. "Préparation, caractérisation et réactivité de microcristaux d'oxydes de nickel-chrome : effet de la ségrégation thermique du chrome sur la stabilité, la morphologie et la réaction de surface de l'oxyde." Dijon, 1992. http://www.theses.fr/1992DIJOS011.
Full textQuaisse, Morad. "Etude de copolymérisation de nouveaux composés styréniques en vue d'une application en optique non-linéaire et en piézoélectricité : synthèses, caractérisations, propriétés et dégradation thermique." Saint-Etienne, 1999. http://www.theses.fr/1999STET4006.
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