Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Stabilité des systèmes hybrides'
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Rubio, Espino Elsa. "Sur la stabilité des systèmes hybrides et la stabilisation par commutation." Toulouse, INSA, 2005. http://www.theses.fr/2005ISAT0039.
Full textIn this thesis we develop three algorithms for the analysis of the stability of hybrid systems. Our proposal is based on concepts of Lyapunov functions. We propose a structure for the representation of a hybrid system. This structure is composed of a continuous block represented by a Takagi-Sugeno (TS) fuzzy model and a discrete block that corresponds to a supervisor modelled by coloured Petri nets. We perform simulations for different kinds of configurations among the subsystems in order to compare and verify the effectiveness of the algorithms proposed. To implement the actions necessary to stabilize this type of system, we propose to carry out a fuzzy switching action among the different dynamics of the subsystems. This work of thesis is divided into three parts: modelling, analysis and supervision
Cosson, Marjorie. "Stabilité du réseau électrique de distribution. Analyse du point de vue automatique d'un système complexe." Thesis, Université Paris-Saclay (ComUE), 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016SACLC065/document.
Full textTo maintain the voltage within specified limits, local control laws of distributed generators (DGs) reactive power (Q) with respect to their voltage (U) have been considered. This work studies the impact of Q(U) control laws on distribution feeders’voltage stability. An empirical study confirms the risk of voltage instability and highlights its dependence on control law parameters. To help distribution grid operators to choose these parameters, three methods assessing stability are formulated.First, a formal method based on discrete abstraction and bisimulation calculation is developed. The proposed approach yields precise results but with a high computational load. Then, to overcome this issue, an analytical criterion adapting Q(U) control laws response time with respect to grid parameters is formulated. Finally, a general criterion, valid in any cases, is established in order to be included in the grid codes. To conclude this work, extension to more complex cases is discussed
Chombart, Anne. "Commande supervisée de systèmes hybrides." Grenoble INPG, 1997. http://www.theses.fr/1997INPG0170.
Full textBen, Rejeb Jihene. "Analyse de stabilité et synchronisation des systèmes singulièrement perturbés." Thesis, Université de Lorraine, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017LORR0117/document.
Full textThis PhD thesis is dedicated to the study of stability and control design for singularly perturbed systems. In the first part, we introduce and analyze a general class of singularly perturbed linear hybrid systems, in which the slow or fast nature of the variables is mode-dependent. Our stability analysis is based on classical results of Lyapunov’s theory for singularly perturbed systems. A second part of this work presents the design of a decentralized control strategy that allows singularly perturbed multi-agent systems to achieve synchronization with global performance guarantees. To avoid the use of centralized information related to the interconnection network structure, the problem is solved by rewriting the synchronization problem in terms of stabilization of a singularly perturbed uncertain linear system
Ben, Salah Jaâfar. "Analyse et commande des systèmes non linéaires complexes : application aux systèmes dynamiques à commutation." Phd thesis, Université Claude Bernard - Lyon I, 2009. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00599364.
Full textAl, Khatib Mohammad. "Analyse de stabilité, ordonnancement, et synthèse des systèmes cyber-physiques." Thesis, Université Grenoble Alpes (ComUE), 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017GREAM041/document.
Full textThis is a study conducted on cyber-physical systems on three main aspects: stability verification, scheduling, and parameter synthesis. Embedded control systems (ECS) acting under timing contracts are the considered class of cyber-physical systems in the thesis. ECS refers to integrations of a computing device with the physical system. As for timing contracts they are time constraints on the instants where some events happen such as sampling, actuation, and computation. These contracts are used to model issues that arise in modern embedded control systems: uncertain sampling to actuation delays, uncertain sampling periods, and interaction of several physical systems with shared computational resources (CPUs). Now given an ECS and a timing contract we reformulate the system into an impulsive one and verifies stability of the system, under all possible bounded uncertainties given by the contract, using safe convex approximation techniques and new generalized results for the problem on a class of systems modeled in the framework of difference inclusions. Second given a set of controllers implemented on a common computational platform (CPUs), each of which is subject to a timing contract, and best and worst case execution times on each CPU, we synthesize a dynamic scheduling policy, which guarantees that each timing contract is satisfied and that each of the shared CPUs are allocated to at most one embedded controller at any time. The approach is based on a timed game formulation that allows us to write the scheduling problem as a timed safety game. Then using the tool UPPAAL-TIGA, a solution to the safety game provides a suitable scheduling policy. In addition, we provide a novel necessary and sufficient condition for schedulability of the control tasks based on a simplified timed game automaton. Last, we solve a parameter synthesis problem which consists of synthesizing an under-approximation of the set of timing contracts that guarantee at the same time the schedulability and stability of the embedded controllers. The synthesis is based on a re-parameterization of the timing contract to make them monotonic, and then on a repeatedly sampling of the parameter space until reaching a predefined precision of approximation
Mariano, Simone. "Contributions to the modeling, the analysis and the control of networked hybrid dynamical systems." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Université de Lorraine, 2023. http://www.theses.fr/2023LORR0083.
Full textFrom smart grids and social and biological networks to fleets of drones, networked systems pervade our daily life. In each one of these systems, we can identify some recurring basic features: elementary dynamical units, called agents, locally mutually interact via a graph topology using local information, and give rise to a globally coherent and collective behavior. In numerous instances, networked systems exhibit continuous-time dynamics that are subject to sudden, instantaneous changes that may naturally arise or may be enforced by design. In both scenarios, it is effective to model the overall system as a so-called networked hybrid dynamical system.The objective of this thesis revolves around demonstrating the strengths of hybrid theoretical tools to model and control in a distributed way important classes of networked systems. We first show how hybrid techniques can be used to model the evolution of opinions in a social network where the interactions between individuals depend on both their past and current opinions. This is a reasonable assumption when every individual knows the identity of the other members of the network. We thus present a model of opinion dynamics where each agent has active or inactive pairwise interactions depending on auxiliary state variables filtering the instantaneous opinions, thereby taking their past values into account. When an interaction is (de)activated, a jump occurs, leading to a networked hybrid dynamical model. The stability properties of this hybrid networked system are then analyzed and we establish that the opinions of the agents converge to local agreements/clusters as time grows. In the second case study, we demonstrate how hybrid techniques can be used to overcome fundamental limitations of continuous-time coupling to synchronize a network of oscillators. In particular, we envision the engineering scenario where the goal is to design the coupling rules for heterogeneous oscillators to globally and uniformly synchronize to a common phase. Each oscillator has its own time-varying natural frequency taking values in a compact set. This problem is historically addressed in the literature by resorting to the well-known Kuramoto model whose original formulation comes from biological and physical networks. However, the Kuramoto model exhibits major shortcomings for engineering applications, namely the lack of uniform synchronization and phase-locking outside the synchronization set. To overcome these challenges, the oscillators are designed to be interconnected via a tree-like leaderless network by a class of hybrid coupling rules. The proposed couplings can recover locally the behavior of Kuramoto oscillators while ensuring the uniform global practical or asymptotic stability of the synchronization set, which is impossible with Kuramoto models. We further show that the synchronization set can be made uniformly globally prescribed finite-time stable by selecting the coupling function to be discontinuous at the origin. Novel mathematical tools on non-pathological functions and set-valued Lie derivatives are developed to carry out the stability analysis.It appears that this last set of mathematical tools has broader applicability than the considered hybrid network of oscillators. We thus finally exploit these tools to analyze the stability properties of Lur'e systems with piecewise continuous nonlinearities. We first extend a result from the literature by establishing the global asymptotic stability of the origin under more general sector conditions. We then present criteria under which Lur'e systems with piecewise continuous nonlinearities enjoy output and state finite-time stability properties. Moreover, we provide algebraic proofs of the results, which represents a novelty by itself. We show the relevance of the tools provided, by studying the stability properties of two engineering systems of known interest: cellular neural networks and mechanical systems affected by friction
Quemard, Céline. "Analyse et optimisation d'une classe de systèmes dynamiques hybrides à commutations autonomes." Phd thesis, Université d'Angers, 2007. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00464057.
Full textHachemi, Fouad El. "Analyse de stabilité des systèmes à commutations singulièrement perturbés." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Université de Lorraine, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012LORR0229.
Full textMany phenomena we encounter can be described by hybrid models, namely, consisting of one continuous dynamic and one discret dynamic at the same time. Moreover, these dynamics often evolves in different time scales. In this thesis, we deal with the stability analysis of singularly perturbed switched systems in continuous time. When we consider switchings, the "classical" approach (decoupling fast and slow dynamics) allowing to analyse stability of singularly perturbed systems doesn't hold anymore. Considering second order singularly perturbed switched systems woth two modes, we completely characterize de stability behavior of such systems when the perturbation parameter goes to zero. Then, we study the discretization of singularly perturbed switched systems. In particular, we focus on methods allowing to preserve stability and common quadratic Lyapunov functions
Ben, Rejeb Jihene. "Analyse de stabilité et synchronisation des systèmes singulièrement perturbés." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Université de Lorraine, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017LORR0117.
Full textThis PhD thesis is dedicated to the study of stability and control design for singularly perturbed systems. In the first part, we introduce and analyze a general class of singularly perturbed linear hybrid systems, in which the slow or fast nature of the variables is mode-dependent. Our stability analysis is based on classical results of Lyapunov’s theory for singularly perturbed systems. A second part of this work presents the design of a decentralized control strategy that allows singularly perturbed multi-agent systems to achieve synchronization with global performance guarantees. To avoid the use of centralized information related to the interconnection network structure, the problem is solved by rewriting the synchronization problem in terms of stabilization of a singularly perturbed uncertain linear system
Hachemi, Fouad El. "Analyse de stabilité des systèmes à commutations singulièrement perturbés." Thesis, Université de Lorraine, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012LORR0229/document.
Full textMany phenomena we encounter can be described by hybrid models, namely, consisting of one continuous dynamic and one discret dynamic at the same time. Moreover, these dynamics often evolves in different time scales. In this thesis, we deal with the stability analysis of singularly perturbed switched systems in continuous time. When we consider switchings, the "classical" approach (decoupling fast and slow dynamics) allowing to analyse stability of singularly perturbed systems doesn't hold anymore. Considering second order singularly perturbed switched systems woth two modes, we completely characterize de stability behavior of such systems when the perturbation parameter goes to zero. Then, we study the discretization of singularly perturbed switched systems. In particular, we focus on methods allowing to preserve stability and common quadratic Lyapunov functions
Petri, Elena. "Hybrid techniques for state estimation : event-triggered sampling and performance improvement." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Université de Lorraine, 2023. http://www.theses.fr/2023LORR0161.
Full textState estimation of dynamical systems is a central theme in control theory, whereby an observer is designed to estimate the unmeasured system states by exploiting the knowledge of the system mathematical model and input and output measurements. Even though many techniques are available in the literature for the observer design of continuous-time linear and nonlinear systems, there are still many major open problems that need to be investigated. Among these challenging questions, there is the implementation of the observer in case of communication constrains between the system plant and the observer itself, which occurs when communications take place via digital networks. Another important largely open problem is the tuning of the observer gain to obtain good estimation performance. The objective of this thesis is to propose solutions for these two questions by exploiting hybrid techniques, that rely on models exhibiting both continuous-time evolution and discrete-time jumps. In the first part of this document, we consider the scenario where a system transmits its measurements to an observer via a digital network. In this context, we design both the observer and a communication scheme to decide when the former needs to receive the measured information. A crucial question is when a transmission needs to occur over the communication network to obtain accurate state estimates, while only sporadically using the communication channel. For this purpose, we present a (hybrid) event-triggered observer design. We follow an emulation-based approach in the sense that our starting point is an observer that satisfies a robust stability property of the estimation error in absence of the network. We then take the communication channel into account and we design a dynamic triggering rule, implemented by a smart sensor, to decide when a transmission needs to be triggered. The proposed triggering rule does not require the sensor to have significant computation capabilities, but only to be able to run a scalar filter, which is a distinguishing aspect when compared to most of the works in the literature. The results are first presented for unperturbed linear time-invariant systems and are then generalized by considering perturbed nonlinear systems and a decentralized setting. The second problem addressed in this thesis is the crucial question of tuning the observer. Indeed, we aim to design the observer to obtain a fast convergence speed, which is essential to quickly reconstruct the desired unmeasured state variables, and good accuracy in presence of measurement noise, which is inevitable in practice. Unfortunately, there is almost always a trade-off between these properties, which complicates the observer tuning. To address this arduous problem, we use hybrid techniques to improve the estimation performance of a given robust nominal observer designed for a general nonlinear continuous-time system. We present for this purpose a novel hybrid multi-observer, which consists of the nominal one and additional dynamical systems that differ from the nominal observer only in their output injection gains, that are collectively referred to as modes. The gains of these additional modes can be freely selected, as no convergence property is required for these modes, to (heuristically) exhibit advantageous features such as fast convergence or great robustness with respect to measurement noise. We run all modes in parallel and we design a switching criterion, based on monitoring variables, that selects one mode at any time instant by evaluating their performance. Moreover, the hybrid multi-observer scheme is applied in simulation for the state estimation of an electrochemical lithium-ion battery with standard model and parameter values, for which good estimation performance is essential
Hihi, Hicham. "Contribution à la modélisation et à l’analyse des systèmes dynamiques hybrides." Ecole Centrale de Lille, 2008. http://www.theses.fr/2008ECLI0020.
Full textMany industrial process’s behaviors results from the evolution and the interaction of continuous and discrete variables. This behavior can be represented by a succession of modes. The transition from a mode to the other can be controlled or spontaneous. The objective of this thesis is to study the structural properties of switching linear hybrid systems modelled by bond graph. After a presentation of some hybrid systems, a modeling combining hybrid automat and bond graph was proposed. A second part was devoted to the study of the controllability and observability of controlled switching linear systems. Methods based on the concept of controllable and observable sub-space were interpreted using causal paths on the bong graph model. The observability of the spontaneous switching linear systems was proposed in the third part. The discernability of the modes, the observability of the discrete, continuous and hybrid stares as well as the observability of the moments of commutations were approached. The study of these concepts required the introduction, of the combined controllability/observability matrix, of the joint controllability coefficient, of the sequence of commutation, of the graph of commutation… etc. Their bond graph interpretation lead to graphical methods of observability. In the last part, the stability of switching systems was studied using the Lyapunov multiple functions. The obtained results are based on simple graphical manipulations on the bond graph model
Benzerrouk, Ahmed. "Architecture de contrôle hybride pour systèmes multi-robots mobiles." Phd thesis, Université Blaise Pascal - Clermont-Ferrand II, 2011. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00669559.
Full textRiedinger, Pierre. "Contribution à la commande des systèmes complexes." Habilitation à diriger des recherches, Institut National Polytechnique de Lorraine - INPL, 2010. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00536355.
Full textBâja, Mihai. "Contribution à la commande stabilisante des convertisseurs de l’électronique de puissance." Rennes 1, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009REN1S168.
Full textSwitch mode power converters are electrical circuits controlled by electronic switches that allow controlling the power supply of electrical circuits or equipments. We propose a stabilizing control method, for the control of DC-DC power converters, based on energetic considerations and using a Lyapunov function. The control is generated directly under Boolean form. The Lyapunov function candidate is unique for the different system’s modes. It allows defining a switching sequence that stabilizes the system around a reference point, which is not necessarily an equilibrium point. Two issues related to the implementation of such a control law are analysed: the limitations imposed by the switch’s finite commutation frequency, and the existence and stability of limit cycles that can be obtained. Implementations of this control law on two converter structures are presented, both in simulation and on an experimental setup
El, Guezar Fatima. "Modélisation et simulation des systèmes dynamiques hybrides affines par morceaux : exemples en électronique de puissance." Toulouse, INSA, 2009. http://eprint.insa-toulouse.fr/archive/00000316/.
Full textPiecewise affine hybrid systems are an important and simple class of hybrid dynamical systems. A piecewise affine system is composed of several dynamical affine subsystems and of switching rules that decide the behavior of the active subsystem during each switching interval. Recently, it has been shown that this class of systems is very rich in nonlinear phenomena such as bifurcations and chaos. Piecewise affine hybrid systems arise in many engineering applications such as DC-DC converters. Modeling of such converters is given using classical averaged or discrete models. However, a possible approach to analyze these circuits can be done using hybrid models. The behavior of a hybrid system is based on events' existence. Simulation which is a simple tool to analyze these systems, requires an algorithm that gives exact switched dates. Existing detection techniques, that are essentially based on approximated schemes, may lose some events and then diverge drastically from the real trajectory of the simulated hybrid system. Our aim within this thesis is to provide a fast and accurate simulation tool of 2nd order planar piecewise hybrid systems, which is based on analytical expressions of solutions. Our semi-analytic approach gives switching instants of state event and periodic temporal events. Our algorithm is implemented in a Scicos toolbox, another alternative in Matlab is also available
Omran, Hassan. "Contribution à la commande de systèmes non linéaires sous échantillonnage apériodique." Thesis, Ecole centrale de Lille, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014ECLI0005/document.
Full textThis PhD thesis is dedicated to the stability analyzis of nonlinear systems under sampled-data control, with arbitrarily time-varying sampling intervals. When a controller is designed in continuous-time, and then implemented digitally (emulation approach), it is of great interest to provide stability criteria, and to estimate the bound on the sampling intervals which guarantees the stability of the sampled-data system. Whereas several works deal with linear models, the issue has been rarely addressed in a formal quantitative study in the nonlinear case.First, an overview on sampled-data control is presented. Challenges and main methodologies for stability analysis are presented for both the linear time-invariant and the nonlinear cases.Then, local stability of bilinear sampled-data systems controlled by a linear state feedback is considered by using two approaches: the first one is based on hybrid systems theory; the second one is based on the analyzis of contractive invariant sets and is inspired by the dissipativity theory. Both approaches provide sufficient stability conditions in the form of LMI.Finally, the dissipativity–based stability conditions are extended for the more general case of nonlinear systems which are affine in the input, including the case of polynomial systems which leads to conditions in the form of sum of squares (SOS)
Louédec, Morgan. "Guaranteed ellipsoidal numerical method for the stability analysis of the formation control of a group of underwater robots." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Brest, École nationale supérieure de techniques avancées Bretagne, 2024. http://www.theses.fr/2024ENTA0007.
Full textIn the development of human marine activity, groups of underwater robots can automate certain tasks. Since these robots are difficult to localise because of the underwater constrains, they must move in formation to be reliable. While various theoretical controllers have been proposed to challenge these constrains, they still need to consider more complex constrains and to be tested on real systems. As for every autonomous system, the stability of the formation must be verified by a mathematical proof. However, the complexity of these nonlinear systems makes conventional Lyapunov method difficult to use. Thus, this thesis’ main objective is to develop guaranteed numerical methods, based on interval arithmetic, that can assist the stability proof. Based on ellipsoidal guaranteed propagation, a first method is designed for discrete time systems to compute an ellipsoidal domain of attraction. This method is then extended to continuous-time systems and then to synchronous hybrid systems which are more realistic modellings. In addition, the ellipsoidal propagation is extended to consider singular mappings and degenerate ellipsoids. Finally, some real world underwater formation control was achieved to illustrate the stability
Acco, Pascal. "Etude de la boucle à verrouillage de phase par impulsions de charge : prise en compte des aspects hybrides." Toulouse, INSA, 2003. http://www.theses.fr/2003ISAT0029.
Full textThis thesis proposes a study of the stability of the Charge-Pump Phase Locked Loop (CP-PLL). Performances of the transient response of this circuit explains its large use in industrial design. Although the CP-PLL is an hybrid circuit (discrete time part coexists with continuous time parts), signals are represented and analysed by linear models. As there is no others results, stability limits of these linear models are steel used in the industry. Non-linear models can be found in the literature, these models offer high precision results but no analysis tool involving these non-linear models has been proposed. Using hybrid formalism to rewrite non-linear models, we can apply new results on hybrid stability to achieve this first stability proof based on exact waveforms. A piece-wise non-linear model of the CP-PLL can be studied by linearising each non-linear vector field around the fixed point of interest. A theorem is proposed to deduce the local stability of the non-linear system from its linearisation. Stability test is expressed by linear matrix inequalities (LMI). Using the S-procedure to relax conditions in well-chosen region we reduce drastically the conservatism of the sufficient proof. By this way we propose a new stability condition which is less restrictive than linear systems ones. Experimental results tend to confirm this new stability frontier
Bourdais, Romain. "Une contribution à la modélisation et à la commande des systèmes non linéaires à commutation." Phd thesis, Ecole Centrale de Lille, 2007. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00259420.
Full textTaousser, Fatima Zohra. "Analyse de stabilité des systèmes à commutations sur un domaine de temps non-uniforme." Thesis, Valenciennes, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015VALE0038/document.
Full textThis thesis deals with the stability analysis of switched systems that evolve on non uniform time domain by introducing the time scale theory. We are interested mainly in dynamical linear switched systems defined on particular time scale T = P{tσk ,tk+1} = ∪∞k=0[tσk, tk+1]. The studied system switches between a continuous-time dynamical subsystem on the intervals ∪∞k=0[tσk, tk+1[ and a discrete-time dynamical subsystem on instants ∪∞k=0{tk+1} (a discrete time) with a time-varying discrete step. In a first part, sufficient conditions are given to guarantee the exponential stability of this class of switched systems. Then necessary and sufficient conditions for stability are given by determining a region of exponential stability. In the second part, the stability of this class of switched systems with nonlinear uncertainties, is treated using majoration of the solution, and after that by introducing the approach of a common Lyapunov function. The third part is devoted to the consensus problem under intermittent information transmissions where the closed-loop multi-agent system can be represented as a switched system using a combination of linear continuous-time and linear discrete-time systems
Saadia, Nadia. "Contribution à la commande hybride force-position des robots compliants selon une approche neuronale." Paris 12, 1997. http://www.theses.fr/1997PA120080.
Full textBourgeot, Jean-Matthieu. "Contribution à la commande de systèmes mécaniques non-réguliers." Phd thesis, Grenoble INPG, 2004. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00008133.
Full textCocetti, Matteo. "Nonlinear and Hybrid Feedbacks with Continuous-Time Linear Systems." Thesis, Toulouse, INSA, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019ISAT0014/document.
Full textIn this thesis we study linear time-invariant systems feedback interconnected with three specific nonlinear blocks; a play/stop operator, a switching-reset mechanism, and an adaptive dead-zone. This setup resembles the Lure problem studied in the absolute stability framework, but the types of nonlinearities considered here do not satisfy (in general) a sector condition. These nonlinear blocks give rise to a whole range of interesting phenomena, such as compact sets of equilibria, hybrid omega-limit sets, and state constraints. Throughout the thesis, we use the hybrid systems formalism to describe these phenomena and to analyze these loops. We obtain sharp stability conditions that can be formulated as linear matrix inequalities, thus verifiable with numerically efficient solvers. Finally, we apply the theoretical findings to two automotive applications
Naud, Olivier. "Modélisation hybride pour la supervision de systèmes mécatroniques : application à la stabilité en pente de machines mobiles." Toulouse, INSA, 2003. http://www.theses.fr/2003ISAT0003.
Full textWe present a design approach for supervision-oriented hybrid models of mechatronic devices. We chose to express the qualitative states taken by such systems in the guise of a finite automaton. We proposed a method to build the automaton from an essentially continuous model. This method relies on our so-called half-causal graph which represents the algebraic and differential complexity of the continuous model. This diagram uses the causal semantics of the bond-graph, which is based on the effort-flow duality. It is annotated with intervals on the variables. Semantic values are attached to these intervals, which we call modalities. We distinguish, in particular, structural modalities, which correspond to limit conditions or changes in the continuous model, and functionnal modalities, which provide the qualitative information on the usage and monitoring. So as to validate this approach, we applied it to the modeling of the bogies of a forest machine. The goal was to prevent the machine from overturning on slopes. Simulations of the whole machine dynamics proved that the discrete model we obtained was very representative of the changes of the instability risk
Saouri, Fatima-Zahra. "Stabilisation de quelques systèmes élastiques : analyse spectrale et comportement asymptotique." Nancy 1, 2000. http://docnum.univ-lorraine.fr/public/SCD_T_2000_0279_SAOURI.pdf.
Full textBesseron, Guillaume. "Contrôle de la stabilité des systèmes locomoteurs à haute mobilité évoluant sur des terrains accidentés." Paris 6, 2008. http://www.theses.fr/2008PA066545.
Full textThe research presented in this report deals with the improvement of the autonomous mobile robots locomotion capacities on natural terrains. In this work, an adaptive locomotion system with a redundant wheel-legged hybrid kinematic structure was designed and realized. Indeed, this kind of mechanism has the capacities to adapt itself to uneven grounds. The autonomy of the robot is linked to both its kinematics capacities of adaptation and to its energetic dependence. When the vehicle reconfigurates itself, while moving on an uneven field, a big amount of energy is needed by its internal mobilities. That is why, a posture control aiming at minimizing the number of reconfigurations of the robot has been developed. The goal is to modify the posture of th erobot only when its integrity, i. E. Its stability is jeopardized. The use of a posture control command law based on the potential fields allow to obtain the wanted behaviour of the robot. The command of the movements of the robot relies on the inverse of the differential kinematic model. In this model, the different terms are split, ensuring so both the trajectory and the change of the posture of th erobot. The robot reconfigurates itself when its stability reached a pre-determined value. The principle of this control is validated through numeric simulations representing the dynamic behavoiur of the robot moving on a natural terrain
Stein, Shiromoto Humberto. "Stabilisation sous contraintes locales et globales." Phd thesis, Université de Grenoble, 2014. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-01023554.
Full textYang, Hao. "Fault tolerant control design for hybrid systems." Thesis, Lille 1, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009LIL10068/document.
Full textHybrid systems (HS) are dynamical systems that involve the interaction of continuous and discrete dynamics. This thesis is concerned with the design of fault tolerant controllers (FTC) for that kind of systems. Firstly, for HS with various switching a set of FTC methods based on continuous system theories are proposed to maintain the systems' continuous performance. Two natural ideas are considered: One way is first to design FTC law to stabilize each faulty mode, and then apply the stability results of HS. Another way is to research directly the stability of HS without reconfiguring the controller in each unstable faulty mode. Secondly, for HS where discrete specifications are imposed, a set of schemes are derived from discrete event system (DES) point of view to keep these discrete specifications. The key idea is to reconfigure the discrete part by taking into account the reachability of the continuous dynamics, such that the specification is maintained. Finally, based on HS approaches, several supervisory FTC schemes are developed. The proposed FTC schemes do not need a series of models or filters to isolate the fault, but only rely on a simple controller switching scheme. The stability of the system during the fault diagnosis and FTC delay can be guaranteed.The materials in the monograph have explicit and broad practical backgrounds. Many examples are taken to illustrate the applicability and performances of the obtained theoretical results, e.g. Circuit systems; DC motors; CPU process; Manufacturing system; Intelligent transportation systems and electric automated vehicles, etc
Ferrante, Francesco. "On quantization and sporadic measurements in control systems : stability, stabilization, and observer design." Thesis, Toulouse, ISAE, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015ESAE0020/document.
Full textIn this dissertation, two fundamental aspects arising in modern engineered control systems will be addressed:On the one hand, the presence of quantization in standard control loops. On the other hand, the state estimation in the presence of sporadic available measurements. These two aspects are addressed in two different parts. One of the main feature of this thesis consists of striving to derive computer-aided tools for the solution to the considered problems. Specifically, to meet this requirement, we revolve on a linear matrix inequalities (LMIs) approach. In the first part, we propose a set of LMI-based constructive Lyapunov-based tools for the analysis and the design of quantized control systems involving linear plants and linear controllers. The entire treatment revolves on the use of differential inclusions as modeling tools, and on stabilization of compact sets as a stability notion. In the second part of the thesis, inspired by some of the classical observation schemes presented in the literature of sampled-data observers, we propose two observers to exponentially estimate the state of a linear system in the presence of sporadic measurements. In addition, building upon one of the two observers, an observer-based controller architecture is proposed to asymptotically stabilize a linear plant in the presence of sporadic measurements and intermittent input access
Wang, Haoping. "Observation et commande par systèmes à fonctionnement par morceaux : application aux asservissements visuels." Thesis, Lille 1, 2008. http://www.theses.fr/2008LIL10063/document.
Full textThis research work deals with the study and the development of the linearization, state estimation and complex systems' control. Chapter 1 is devoted to the concept and classification of hybrid systems and to the origin and nature of the piecewise functioning systems (PFS). Thus, based on the PFS, chapter 2 proposes controllers for trajectories tracking and linearization of the real time plans. Chapters 3 and 4 aim at realizing the trajectory tracking or stabilization control in the case where the available feedback cornes from a digital sensor delivering the plant's output in a delayed and sampled format. ln chapter 3 a piecewise continuous observer which is essentially based on PFS theory and on dis crete Luenberger observer is developed. ln chapter 4, a stabilization control of a 2D or 3D inverted pendulum by using two feedbacks is proposed. At each sensor's sampling period, the control acts in the pendulum's balancing plan, which makes it possible to transform the 3D problem into a 2D one. Compared to other methods, the referred methods guarantee the stability without being based on a linearized model. ln this thesis, all proposed methods are illustrated with examples of simulation and real-time implementations
Della, rossa Matteo. "Non smooth Lyapunov functions for stability analysis of hybrid systems." Thesis, Toulouse, INSA, 2020. http://www.theses.fr/2020ISAT0004.
Full textModeling of many phenomena in nature escape the rather common frameworks of continuous-time and discrete-time models. In fact, for many systems encountered in practice, these two paradigms need to be intrinsically related and connected, in order to reach a satisfactory level of description in modeling the considered physical/engineering process.These systems are often referred to as hybrid systems, and various possible formalisms have appeared in the literature over the past years.The aim of this thesis is to analyze the stability of particular classes of hybrid systems, by providing Lyapunov-based sufficient conditions for (asymptotic) stability. In particular, we will focus on non-differentiable locally Lipschitz candidate Lyapunov functions. The first chapters of this manuscript can be considered as a general introduction of this topic and the related concepts from non-smooth analysis.This will allow us to study a class of piecewise smooth maps as candidate Lyapunov functions, with particular attention to the continuity properties of the constrained differential inclusion comprising the studied hybrid systems. We propose ``relaxed'' Lyapunov conditions which require to be checked only on a dense set and discuss connections to other classes of locally Lipschitz or piecewise regular functions.Relaxing the continuity assumptions, we then investigate the notion of generalized derivatives when considering functions obtained as emph{max-min} combinations of smooth functions. This structure turns out to be particularly fruitful when considering the stability problem for differential inclusions arising from regularization of emph{state-dependent switched systems}.When the studied switched systems are composed of emph{linear} sub-dynamics, we refine our results, in order to propose algorithmically verifiable conditions.We further explore the utility of set-valued derivatives in establishing input-to-state stability results, in the context of perturbed differential inclusions/switched systems, using locally Lipschitz candidate Lyapunov functions. These developments are then used in analyzing the stability problem for interconnections of differential inclusion, with an application in designing an observer-based controller for state-dependent switched systems
Médar, Smaïn. "Supervision et reconfiguration de la commande des systèmes dynamiques en présence de variations dans les conditions de fonctionnement." Toulouse, INPT, 2002. http://www.theses.fr/2002INPT017H.
Full textCocetti, Matteo. "Nonlinear and Hybrid Feedbacks with Continuous-Time Linear Systems." Doctoral thesis, Università degli studi di Trento, 2019. https://hdl.handle.net/11572/368312.
Full textDiagne, Mamadou Lamine. "Modélisation et étude mathématique de la dynamique de prolifération du Typha dans le Parc National des Oiseaux de Djoudj (PNOD)." Thesis, Mulhouse, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013MULH5112/document.
Full textIn this thesis, we propose and analyze a switching dynamics model of the proliferation of invasive aquatic plant : Typha. This model which belongs to the class hybrid systems is relatively new in the field biomathematics. It describes the colonization dynamics of the plant taking into account the seasonality of type of reproduction : the sexual reproduction. During the last decade, the plant has colonized PNOD, disrupting the ecosystem and also causing enormous problems for the local population. There had been several significant attrempts to reduce its proliferation.However, these attempts have been futile an inefficient due to the large financial cost. There are some few phenological mathematical models on development of Typha. The propose study is part of an eco-hydrological effort to contribute to the understanding of the roles of each type of reproducing on the proliferation dynamics of Typha. The three main goals of this thesis are : To construct a mathematical model based on biological hypotheses of the reproduction of Typha,– analyze the model and– suggest a proliferation combatting strategy.We analyze sub-models that make up the switching/commutation model by assumptions or considering some hypothesis on the values of the model parameters. We study the zero equilibrium of the switching model, and then we propose and analyze a two-dimensional model by reducing the general model to set the stage for the analysis of the more complicated general three- dimension model. Finally, we determine a condition for the existence of limit cycle of the model. In all the sub-models studies, we establish the local and glob al asymptotic stability of zero equilibrium (equilibrium without any Typha plant) when the basic reproduction rate of the system under consideration is less than unity. We also obtain the condition under which thepositive or non-zero equilibrium of the model/sub-models asymptotically stable when the basic reproduction rate is greater than unity. For the specific case of the reduced model, we show that when the weighted average of the breeding rate of this sub-model is less than 1, the solutions converge to the zero equilibrium. When this average is greater than 1, we prove the existence of a limit cycle
Aazan, Georges. "Stability of constrained switched systems driven by ω-regular languages." Electronic Thesis or Diss., université Paris-Saclay, 2023. http://www.theses.fr/2023UPAST137.
Full textSwitched systems are dynamical systems with several operating modes, each mode being described by a differential (continuous time) or difference (discrete time) equation. At all times, the active operating mode is determined by a switching signal. Switched systems are very useful in practice for accurately describing the execution of control algorithms on distributed computing infrastructures and thus for taking into account the constraints linked to the use of shared computing and communication resources. Furthermore, switched systems have unexpected properties (unstable behavior can for example result from switching between stable operating modes) that justify the development of specific theoretical tools for their study. Early work on stability of switched systems has focused on stability for switching signals that are arbitrary or that satisfy some (minimum or average) dwell-time condition. More recently, several works have considered the problem of proving stability for subsets of switching signals. In general, such switching signals are assumed to be generated by some finite state automaton and stability is characterized either in term of constrained joint spectral radius or using Lyapunov functions. However, there are some subsets of switching signals that cannot be specified using classical finite state automata. Examples are switching signals belonging to some omega-regular languages e.g. defined by Linear Temporal Logic (LTL) formulas, which are often used to specify scheduling and communication protocols. A representative example of omega-regular language is the set of shuffled switching signals: a switching signal is shuffled if and only if all the modes are activated infinitely often. In a preliminary study, the stability of switched systems under shuffled switching signals was characterized by means of Lyapunov functions. This thesis aims at developing theoretical and numerical tools to analyze the stability of switched systems under shuffled switching signals and more generally under constraints given by an omega-regular language. We define a notion of shuffled joint spectral radius that allows us to quantify the speed of convergence of the switched system under shuffled switching signals. We develop numerical algorithms based on Linear Matrix Inequalities (LMIs) and automata theoretic techniques to compute approximations of the shuffled joint spectral radius. In the second part of the thesis, we extend these results to more general classes of switching signals such as those specified by omega-regular languages. These languages can always be characterized by Büchi automata. Finally, we will present an observer design for switched systems based on the Büchi automata and reconstructible sequences, i.e. sequences allowing to estimate the state of the system. This design consists of an application of our theoretical results
Ghamrawi, Ahmad. "Optimisation et gestion des flux énergétiques d'un générateur solaire photovoltaïque." Thesis, Poitiers, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018POIT2304.
Full textThis thesis in part of research thematic dedicated to photovoltaic solar energy production's systems. In fact, energy demands in the world are continuously increasing, the fossil fuels exploitation depletes limited sources and impact our environment. Solar photovoltaic energy represents one of the most promoted renewable energy sources, even if its drawbacks remain its installation’s high initial cost and its production’s variability. The main object of the presented work is to optimize the global efficiency of a stand-alone photovoltaic system. In that respect, this research focuses on the architecture of the conversion chain by integrating DC-DC conventional and quadratic boost converters and on the optimization of maximum power point tracking algorithms during fast changing weather conditions. These converters are modelling as switched affine systems to propose a switching rule that stabilize the operating point according to Lyapunav theory. Several simulation results using Matlab/SimulinkTM are given to declare the maximization of the extracted electrical power and the stability of the operating point. Experimental results recuperated on a test bench in the laboratory LIAS backed and confirmed the interest of the proposed approaches
Li, Xiaodong. "Observation et commande de quelques systèmes à paramètres distribués." Phd thesis, Université Claude Bernard - Lyon I, 2009. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00456850.
Full textVilca, Ventura José Miguel. "Safe and flexible hybrid control architecture for the navigation in formation of a group of vehicles." Thesis, Clermont-Ferrand 2, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015CLF22607/document.
Full textBeyond the interest of robotics laboratories for the development of dedicated strategies for single vehicle navigation, several laboratories around the world are more and more involved in the general challenging field of cooperative multi-robot navigation. In this context, this work deals with the navigation in formation of a group of Unmanned Ground Vehicles (UGVs) dedicated to structured environments. The complexity of this Multi-Robot System (MRS) does not permit the direct use of neither classical perception nor control techniques. To overcome this problem, this work proposes to break up the overall control dedicated to the achievement of the complex task into a group of accurate and reliable elementary behaviors/controllers (e.g., obstacles avoidance, trajectory tracking, target reaching, navigation in formation, formation reconfiguration, etc.). These behaviors are linked to different information given by the sensors to the actions of vehicles. To guarantee the performances criteria (e.g., stability, convergence, state errors) aimed by the control architecture, the potentialities of hybrid controllers (which controlling continuous systems in the presence of discrete events) are considered. This control architecture is validated for a single vehicle to perform safe and flexible autonomous navigation using an appropriate strategy of navigation through suitable set of waypoints. This flexible navigation allows different vehicle maneuvers between waypoints (e.g., target reaching or obstacle avoidance) without using any trajectory planning nor replanning. The designed control law based on Lyapunov synthesis guarantees the convergence to assigned waypoint while performing safe trajectories. Furthermore, an algorithm to select suitable waypoints’ positions, named Optimal Multi-criteria Waypoint Selection (OMWS), in structured environments while taking into account the safe and reliable vehicle movements, and vehicle constraints and uncertainties is proposed. Subsequently, the control architecture is extended to Multi-Robot Formation (MRF) using a combination of Leader-Follower and behavior-based approaches. An important cooperative MRS issues in this thesis is the dynamic reconfiguration of the formation according to the context of navigation (e.g., to pass from a triangle configuration towards a line if the width of the navigation way is not sufficient). The proposed Strategy for Formation Reconfiguration (SFR) guarantees the stability and the safety of the MRS at the time of the transitions between configuration (e.g., line towards square, triangle towards line, etc.). Therefore, a safe, reactive and dynamic MRF is obtained. Moreover, the degrees of multi-robot safety, stability and reliability of the system are quantified via suitable metrics. Simulations and experiments using urban vehicles (VIPALABs) of the Institut Pascal laboratory allow to perform exhaustive experiments of the proposed control architecture for the navigation in formation of a group of UGVs
Nahhal, Tarik. "Test des Systèmes hybrides." Phd thesis, Grenoble 1, 2007. http://www.theses.fr/2007GRE10182.
Full textHybrid systems, that is, systems exhibiting both continuous and discrete dynamics, have proven to be a useful mathematical model for various physical phenomena and engineering systems. Much effort has been devoted to the development of automatic analysis methods for such systems based on formal verification. Nevertheless, the applicability of these methods is still limited to small size systems due to the complexity of exhaustive analysis. Testing is another validation approach, which can be used for much larger systems and is a standard tool in industry, despite its limitations compared to algorithmic and deductive verification. This thesis is concerned with model-based testing of hybrid systems. We proposed a formal framework for conformance testing of hybrid systems, which is defined according to the international standard for formal conformance testing (FMCT). Besides the main concepts in the formal framework, we addressed the problem of defining test coverage measures. We proposed two novel coverage measures, which not only are useful as a criterion to evaluate testing quality but also can be used to guide the test generation process in order to produce test cases with good coverage. We then developed a number of coverage-guided test generation algorithms for hybrid systems. These algorithms are based on a combination of the ideas from robotic path planning, equidistribution theory, algorithmic geometry, and numerical simulation. The algorithms have been implemented in a test generation tool for hybrid systems, called HTG, which can handle high dimensional systems. The tool has been successfully applied to treat a number of benchmarks in control systems and analog and mixed signal circuits
Nahhal, Tarik. "Test des Systèmes hybrides." Phd thesis, Université Joseph Fourier (Grenoble), 2007. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00320984.
Full textNous proposons dans cette thèse une méthodologie formelle pour le test de conformité des systèmes hybrides, qui est définie selon la norme internationale pour le test formel de conformité (FMCT). Ensuite, nous abordons le problème de la définition de mesures de couverture de test. Pour cela, deux mesures de couverture sont proposées, qui sont non seulement utiles comme critère pour évaluer la qualité de test mais peuvent être aussi employées pour guider la génération de test vers une meilleur couverture. Des algorithmes de génération de test guidés par les mesures de couverture sont proposés. Ces algorithmes sont basés sur une combinaison des algorithmes de planification de trajectoires dans la robotique, de la théorie d'équidistribution, de la géométrie algorithmique et de la simulation numérique. L'outil HTG (Hybrid test generation) pour la génération de cas de test pour les systèmes hybrides implémente ces algorithmes, et a été appliqué avec succès pour traiter plusieurs études de cas provenant de différentes domaines (circuits analogiques et mixtes, systèmes de commande, etc.).
Sokolova, Olga. "Systèmes hybrides pour application automobile." Thesis, Strasbourg, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012STRAE027.
Full textIn this thesis the investigation focused on the mechanical and forming properties of non-reinforced and locally reinforced metal/polymer/metal sandwiches, used for the further manufacturing of automotive parts. The physical-chemical properties for bonding as well as the deep drawing and stretching behaviour of such sandwiches were studied too. It was observed, that the preliminary surface treatment as corona and/or plasma strongly influence the surface morphology of the PP-PE foil by activating the polymer surface. A new method to insert local reinforcements in the pre-fabricated sandwich was developed after optimizing the conditions for bonding in the roll-bonding process. The sandwiches without the local plate inlays show the high formability compared to the seel mono-materials. The deformation behaviour of sandwiches depends strongly on the size, shape and the position of the inlays to forming
Adelaïde, Michaël. "Analyse paramétrique des systèmes hybrides." Nantes, 2003. http://www.theses.fr/2003NANT2109.
Full textThe parametric analysis of hybrid systems consists in finding the constraints on the parameters that ensure a correct behaviour of the studied systems. We only consider parameters as real valued constants. For a given parametric problem, a semi-algorithm can be built from any tool that answers the corresponding non-parametric problem. Conditions on the parametric hybrid systems must be found in order to guarantee the termination of the parametric tool. Weakly-controlled hybrid systems have been introduced for this aim. In such systems, every cycles contain an edge that resets all the variables which are not parameters. Thus, the parametric tool that solves the " Reachability Problem " completes for rectangular weakly controlled hybrid systems. Furthemore, for weakly controlled hybrid systems with polynomial continuous flows, the constraints on the parameters can be computed when studying behaviours given by a sentence of the " mu-calculus "
Girard, Antoine. "Analyse algorithmiques des systèmes hybrides." Grenoble INPG, 2004. http://www.theses.fr/2004INPG0070.
Full textWe consider several problems linked to the analysis and the control of piecewise linear hybrid systems. In the first part, we introduce the fundamental notions of the theory. The second part is devoted to the computation of the executions accepted by a hybrid system. A method for event detection is proposed. The case of periodic executions is examinated. In the third part, we consider the problem which consists in computing the reachable set of a hybrid system. In the fourth part, we propose an approach for the control of hybrid systems. We construct a multiresolution analysis of the set of inputs of a linear system. The properties of the associated set of wavelets are interesting for the synthesis of the inputs of a hybrid system. In the last part, we show that the methods developped for piecewise linear hybrid systems can be used to analyse non-linear dynamical systems
Cébron, Benoît. "Commande de systèmes dynamiques hybrides." Angers, 2000. http://www.theses.fr/2000ANGE0022.
Full textA dynamic system is said to be hybrid (sdh) when discrete and continuous variables interact. The development of specific representation, analysis and control methods is required to take into account the complexity of these systems. A classification of sdhs is proposed according to the types of hybrid phenomena considered: controlled or autonomous model switching, controlled or autonomous state vector jumps. Control problems are then posed and analysed for each class presented. The search for an optimal control is posed as a problem of minimisation of a criterion of deviation between a calculated trajectory and a desired trajectory. A descent method is applied in each case; it uses the expression of the gradient of the criterion. The latter is calculated from the solution of an adjoint system. We show how to calculate this adjoint system by adapting the general principles of the calculation of variations to the cases considered. This is how discontinuities appear on the adjoint state, for which explicit expressions are given. These discontinuities can be found in the calculated control. The minimization of the criterion is first performed without constraints and then with bound constraints on the control and on its derivative, by implementing the uzawa method. The state feedback control problem is addressed for the classes of sdh with controlled and autonomous model switching. This leads to the solution of riccati equations. Each case studied is illustrated by a numerical implementation which allows to judge the efficiency of the proposed method, in terms of accuracy and computation time, and to conclude that it is possible to control sdhs by these methods
Batis, Sonia, and Sonia Batis. "Commande d'une classe de systèmes hybrides par automates hybrides rectangulaires." Phd thesis, Université de Grenoble, 2013. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00935226.
Full textBatis, Sonia. "Commande d'une classe de systèmes hybrides par automates hybrides rectangulaires." Thesis, Grenoble, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013GRENT025/document.
Full textIn this thesis, we study the control of a class of hybrid dynamic systems (HDS). The chosen modeling tool is the rectangular hybrid automaton (RHA) for his analysis power. We propose a method for the control synthesis of HDS modeled with RHA. This method consists on the application of a downstream/upstream offline control procedure that determines in a maximal permissive way the new automaton transition guards respecting the desired control specifications. All computations are based on the determination of the duration of stay, a value constrained by the reachable space of the corresponding location. Since the guard refers to both continuous state and discrete event, the control is made by the latter because it is the controllable element. Then we are interested in the construction of the timed controller authorizing the system controllable event occurrence in a clock interval defined in a maximal permissive way
Rat-Valdambrini, Micha. "Stabilité thermique et propriétés catalytiques des matériaux mésostructurés hybrides." Thesis, Université Laval, 2009. http://www.theses.ulaval.ca/2009/26212/26212.pdf.
Full textRat-Valdambrini, Micha. "Stabilité thermique et propriétés caralytiques des matériaux mésostructurés hybrides." Doctoral thesis, Université Laval, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11794/20781.
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