Journal articles: 'Stabilità mediale'

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Pincivero, Danny M., Kristinn Heinrichs, and David H. Perrin. "Medial Elbow Stability." Sports Medicine 18, no. 2 (August 1994): 141–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.2165/00007256-199418020-00006.

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Choi, Sung Woo. "On the stability of medial axis transform." Journal of Applied Mathematics and Computing 23, no. 1-2 (January 2007): 419–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf02831988.

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DeMoss, Andrew, Nathaniel Millard, Gary McIlvain, Joseph A. Beckett, John J. Jasko, and Mark K. Timmons. "Ultrasound‐Assisted Assessment of Medial Elbow Stability." Journal of Ultrasound in Medicine 37, no. 12 (April 14, 2018): 2769–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jum.14631.

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SUD, AVNEESH, MARK FOSKEY, and DINESH MANOCHA. "HOMOTOPY-PRESERVING MEDIAL AXIS SIMPLIFICATION." International Journal of Computational Geometry & Applications 17, no. 05 (October 2007): 423–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0218195907002434.

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We present a novel algorithm to compute a simplified medial axis of a polyhedron. Our simplification algorithm tends to remove unstable features of Blum's medial axis. Moreover, our algorithm preserves the topological structure of the original medial axis and ensures that the simplified medial axis has the same homotopy type as Blum's medial axis. We use the separation angle formed by connecting a point on the medial axis to closest points on the boundary as a measure of the stability of the medial axis at the point. The medial axis is decomposed into its parts that are the sheets, seams and junctions. We present a stability measure of each part of the medial axis based on separation angles and examine the relation between the stability measures of adjacent parts. Our simplification algorithm uses iterative pruning of the parts based on efficient local tests. We have applied the algorithm to compute a simplified medial axis of complex models with tens of thousands of triangles and complex topologies.

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Wright, Margaret L., Ryan W. Paul, and Kevin B. Freedman. "Medial Patellofemoral Ligament Reconstruction." Video Journal of Sports Medicine 1, no. 5 (September 2021): 263502542110408. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/26350254211040821.

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Background: Patellar instability is a relatively common condition in the young, active population and causes disruption of the medial patellofemoral ligament (MPFL). MPFL reconstruction is often performed to restore this medial stabilizer and reduce the risk of recurrent instability. Indications: Isolated MPFL reconstruction has been shown to reduce the risk of recurrent patellar dislocation. It is indicated in our patients who have had more than 1 dislocation in the absence of other significant bony malalignment or cartilage defects that require concurrent surgery. Technique Description: Diagnostic arthroscopy is first performed to evaluate the patellar and trochlear cartilage surfaces. A medial approach to the patella is then performed and the 2 free limbs of the allograft are secured to the patella at the 9 to 11 (or 1 to 3) o’clock position. A small approach to the femoral insertion site of the MPFL is performed and confirmed with fluoroscopy, and the graft is secured to the femur with a biotenodesis screw. Postoperative examination confirms improved stability of the patella, and the patient performs a gradual return to play protocol. Results: Recent studies have demonstrated overall good clinical outcomes after MPFL reconstruction, with improved patellar stability and high patient satisfaction. One systematic review found an 85% rate of return to sport with a low risk (7%) of recurrent subluxation or dislocation. Discussion/Conclusion: MPFL reconstruction is a reliable option for improving patellar stability in patients with recurrent dislocations. We believe our technique, which optimizes the fixation and footprint of the graft on the patella and allows for easy visualization of femoral anatomy on fluoroscopy, can improve the reproducibility of the procedure and provide optimal clinical outcomes.

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MURRAY, KENNETH E., ALLAN W. ROBERTS, and DAVID J. BARTON. "Poly(rC) binding proteins mediate poliovirus mRNA stability." RNA 7, no. 8 (August 2001): 1126–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1355838201010044.

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Diehl, Geoffrey W., Olivia J. Hon, Stefan Leutgeb, and Jill K. Leutgeb. "Stability of medial entorhinal cortex representations over time." Hippocampus 29, no. 3 (September 2, 2018): 284–302. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/hipo.23017.

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Liu, Kathy, and Gary D. Heise. "The Effect of Jump-Landing Directions on Dynamic Stability." Journal of Applied Biomechanics 29, no. 5 (October 2013): 634–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.1123/jab.29.5.634.

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Dynamic stability is often measured by time to stabilization (TTS), which is calculated from the dwindling fluctuations of ground reaction force (GRF) components over time. Common protocols of dynamic stability research have involved forward or vertical jumps, neglecting different jump-landing directions. Therefore, the purpose of the present investigation was to examine the influence of different jump-landing directions on TTS. Twenty healthy participants (9 male, 11 female; age = 28 ± 4 y; body mass = 73.3 ± 21.5 kg; body height = 173.4 ± 10.5 cm) completed the Multi-Directional Dynamic Stability Protocol hopping tasks from four different directions—forward, lateral, medial, and backward—landing single-legged onto the force plate. TTS was calculated for each component of the GRF (ap = anterior-posterior; ml = medial-lateral; v = vertical) and was based on a sequential averaging technique. All TTS measures showed a statistically significant main effect for jump-landing direction. TTSml showed significantly longer times for landings from the medial and lateral directions (medial: 4.10 ± 0.21 s, lateral: 4.24 ± 0.15 s, forward: 1.48 ± 0.59 s, backward: 1.42 ± 0.37 s), whereas TTSap showed significantly longer times for landings from the forward and backward directions (forward: 4.53 ± 0.17 s, backward: 4.34 0.35 s, medial: 1.18 ± 0.49 s, lateral: 1.11 ± 0.43 s). TTSv showed a significantly shorter time for the forward direction compared with all other landing directions (forward: 2.62 ± 0.31 s, backward: 2.82 ± 0.29 s, medial: 2.91 ± 0.31 s, lateral: 2.86 ± 0.32 s). Based on these results, multiple jump-landing directions should be considered when assessing dynamic stability.

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Okuyama, Toshinori, and J. Nathaniel Holland. "Network structural properties mediate the stability of mutualistic communities." Ecology Letters 11, no. 3 (March 2008): 208–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1461-0248.2007.01137.x.

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Gervasio, Sabata, Dario Farina, Thomas Sinkjær, and Natalie Mrachacz-Kersting. "Crossed reflex reversal during human locomotion." Journal of Neurophysiology 109, no. 9 (May 1, 2013): 2335–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/jn.01086.2012.

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During human walking, precise coordination between the two legs is required in order to react promptly to any sudden hazard that could threaten stability. The networks involved in this coordination are not yet completely known, but a direct spinal connection between soleus (SOL) muscles has recently been revealed. For this response to be functional, as previously suggested, we hypothesize that it will be accompanied by a reaction in synergistic muscles, such as gastrocnemius lateralis (GL), and that a reversal of the response would occur when an opposite reaction is required. In the present study, surface EMGs of contralateral SOL and GL were analyzed after tibial nerve (TN), sural nerve (SuN), and medial plantar nerve (MpN) stimulation during two tasks in which opposite reactions are functionally expected: normal walking (NW), just before ipsilateral heel strike, and hybrid walking (HW) (legs walking in opposite directions), at ipsilateral push off and contralateral touchdown. Early crossed facilitations were observed in the contralateral GL after TN stimulation during NW, and a reversal of such responses occurred during HW. These results underline the functional significance of short-latency crossed responses and represent the first evidence for short-latency reflex reversal in the contralateral limb for humans. Muscle afferents seem to mediate the response during NW, while during HW cutaneous afferents are likely involved. It is thus possible that different afferents mediate the crossed response during different tasks.

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Arno, Sally, Scott Hadley, Kirk A. Campbell, Christopher P. Bell, Michael Hall, Luis S. Beltran, Michael P. Recht, Orrin H. Sherman, and Peter S. Walker. "The Effect of Arthroscopic Partial Medial Meniscectomy on Tibiofemoral Stability." American Journal of Sports Medicine 41, no. 1 (November 13, 2012): 73–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0363546512464482.

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Background: There is still little known regarding the effects of meniscus resection size on tibiofemoral stability. Purpose: To determine if partial medial meniscectomy of the posterior horn significantly alters tibiofemoral stability as measured by the anterior-posterior (AP) position and laxity of the medial femoral condyle. Study Design: Controlled laboratory study. Methods: Five cadaveric knees were dissected to the capsule, preserving all ligaments and the quadriceps tendon. Each specimen was first tested on a rig where the AP position and laxity of the medial femoral condyle were measured while a range of forces was applied from full extension to 90° of flexion. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) at 3 tesla was then performed for baseline measurements of the meniscus before partial meniscectomy. Arthroscopic partial medial meniscectomy aimed at 30% of the posterior horn was then performed, followed by repeat mechanical testing and MRI. The sequence was then repeated for arthroscopic partial meniscectomy aimed at 60% and 100% of the posterior horn of the medial meniscus. Results: The MRI analysis demonstrated that 22% ± 9% of the original width of the posterior horn was removed at the first resection, 46% ± 11% was removed at the second resection, and the third resection was 100% removal of the posterior horn for all specimens. After 22% resection, no significant difference in AP laxity was observed. A statistically significant increase in AP laxity was observed with 46% resection under a 500-N compressive load compared with the intact meniscus. After full resection, significant increases in AP laxity were observed under a 50-N compressive load compared with the intact and 22% and 46% resections. The 22% resection had similar AP positions as the intact knee, whereas the 46% resection and 100% removal of the posterior horn had statistically further posterior AP positions than the intact knee. Conclusion: Partial medial meniscectomy with ≥46% resection of the original width of the posterior horn significantly altered the AP position of the medial femoral condyle and also increased laxity. Clinical Relevance: These mechanical changes may lead to abnormal cartilage loading and early osteoarthritis.

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Baecker, Henrik, Timo Schmid, Fabian Krause, Harald Marcel Bonel, and Marc Attinger. "Weightbearing Radiographs and stability in SER II - IV Ankle Fractures." Foot & Ankle Orthopaedics 2, no. 3 (September 1, 2017): 2473011417S0001. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/2473011417s000103.

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Category: Ankle, Sports, Trauma, Radiography, Weber B Fracture Introduction/Purpose: SER lateral malleolar fractures are common. The assessment of the stability of the ankle fracture is crucial for decision making of treatment which is associated with the integrity of the deltoid ligament (SERII-III). Slight talar shift can lead to extensive decrease of tibio-talar contact area (Ramsey 1999). Several clinical tests have been proposed of which static weightbearing radiography is used to measure the lateral talar shift with the medial clear space to detect medial instability (SERIV). However, the correlation of a stable ankle joint under weightbearing load with the structural integrity of the deltoid ligament has not been shown yet which we want to investigate. Methods: 17 patients with lateral malleolar fractures were investigated who underwent an MRI and weightbearing radiography examination. In the MRI, the deep deltoid ligament was assessed as intact, partial und complete rupture. The medial clear space was measured - distance between the lateral border of the medial malleolus and the medial border of the talus at the level of the talar dome (millimeter). Results: 7 patients suffered from deep deltoid ligament rupture (4 partial; 3 complete).The medial clear space in patients with intact deep deltoid ligament was 2.96+0.41 mm in mean, in partial rupture 2.8+0.38 mm, in complete rupture 3.43+0.23 mm. When counting the complete and partial ruptures together the mean was 3.07+0.45 mm and in partial ruptures plus the intact ones 2.91+0.40 mm. Conclusion: Our results show no significant correlation between the medial clear space and the integrity of the deep deltoid ligament (figure1). A negative weightbearing radiograph does not exclude deep deltoid ligament rupture. This fact might indicate the importance of the intrinsic stability provided by the osseous contour of the highly congruent ankle joint. In our opinion, malleolar fracture with deep deltoid ligament rupture (SERIV) can therefore be treated conservatively as long as ankle stability is provided under physiological load.

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Chazal, F., and R. Soufflet. "Stability and Finiteness Properties of Medial Axis and Skeleton." Journal of Dynamical and Control Systems 10, no. 2 (April 2004): 149–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/b:jods.0000024119.38784.ff.

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Huang, Ching-Kuei, Harold B. Kitaoka, Kai-Nan An, and Edmund Y. S. Chao. "Biomechanical Evaluation of Longitudinal Arch Stability." Foot & Ankle 14, no. 6 (July 1993): 353–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/107110079301400609.

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In spite of the common occurrence of pes planus and multiple operations that have been reported to relieve the associated symptoms, there is little published on the relative contribution of various structures to stabilization of the arch of the foot. Twelve fresh-frozen human cadaveric feet were loaded along the tibial axis with compressive loads of 230, 460, and 690 newtons with the specimens intact and after sequential sectioning of plantar fascia, plantar ligaments, and spring ligament. Structures were sectioned in six different sequences and changes in vertical and horizontal dimensions of the medial arch were measured. The highest relative contribution to arch stability was provided by the plantar fascia, followed by plantar ligaments and spring ligament. Plantar fascia was a major factor in maintenance of the medial longitudinal arch. Its division in the cadaveric feet decreased arch stiffness by 25%.

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Irismetov, M. E., M. R. Rasulov, and I. E. Khuzhanazarov. "A new surgical technique for the treatment of recurrent patellar dislocation: review of primary results." Genij Ortopedii 28, no. 3 (June 2022): 352–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.18019/1028-4427-2022-28-3-352-360.

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Introduction Surgical options used to treat recurrent patellar dislocations (RPD) in different countries include release of the lateral tendon retinaculum, tibia medialization, fixation of an autologous graft to the hip, transplantation of the ipsilateral gracilis tendon and medial patellofemoral ligament reconstruction. The methods may not completely eliminate the dislocation to ensure patellar stability and we undertook to develop a new surgical technique. The objective was to identify advantages and disadvantages of the new methodology for the treatment of RPD through comparative analysis. Material and methods 28 patients with RPD of varying degrees treated in the Department of Sports Trauma, State Institution "RSNPMCTO" the Ministry of Health of the Republic of Uzbekistan between 2015 and 2018 were reviewed. Dislocations were graded as average (grade 2; n = 3, 10.7 %) and grade 3 (n = 25; 89.3 %). Five (17.8%) of 28 patients had impaired m. vastus medialis and 23 (82.2 %) were diagnosed with impairment and defect of the retinaculum patella mediale. The patients underwent physical, laboratory, radiological and instrumentation (ultrasound, magnetic resonance imaging, diagnostic arthroscopy) examinations. Results Arthroscopic procedure of the knee joint with autoplasty patellar stabilization using the m. gracilis tendon and a biodegradable screw resulted in good outcomes (n = 27; 96.4 %) and a fair result in a patient (3.6 %) with grade 3 RPD due to synovitis, bursitis and pain in the knee joint; no poor results reported. Conclusion The patients could completely regain the limb functions through arthroscopic procedure of the knee joint with autoplasty patellar stabilization using the m. gracilis tendon and a biodegradable screw, optimization of surgical treatment strategy with regard to severity of displacement and injury to the soft tissues at the medial aspect of the patella.

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Abd-Ella, Mohamed M. "Is Repair of the Superficial Deltoid Ligament Alone Enough to Restore Medial Ankle Stability in Deltoid Ligament Injuries? A Cadaveric Study." Foot & Ankle Orthopaedics 7, no. 1 (January 2022): 2473011421S0000. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/2473011421s00001.

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Category: Trauma Introduction/Purpose: Deltoid ligament injuries are controversial in many aspects: the best method to assess the stability of a Weber B fibular fracture, the indications of deltoid repair after lateral side surgical fixation, the best technique of deltoid repair and the efficacy of superficial deltoid repair alone, compared to repair of both deep and superficial deltoid ligaments, to restore medial ankle stability. The last point is specifically important because of the technical difficulty of repairing the deep deltoid ligament, specially if performed after fixation of the fibular fracture and the syndesmosis, which is the common scenario. The aim of the study was to evaluate the ability of superficial deltoid repair without deep deltoid repair to restore medial ankle stability in cases of deltoid ligament injuries. Methods: Ten fresh frozen ankle cadaveric specimens were used. Anteromedial dissection was performed to expose the ankle joint and to visualize the deltoid ligament. After good exposure, stress valgus and stress external rotation tests were performed with observation of the medial gutter and the medial part of the ankle joint for any widening. In all specimens, the ankle was stable at this point. Then, the superficial deltoid ligament was detached by sharp dissection from the medial malleolus followed by transection of the deep deltoid ligament completely at its midportion. Stress valgus and stress external rotation tests were repeated to demonstrate the gross instability of the ankle joint. Then, the superficial deltoid ligament was repaired using a suture anchor to the medial malleolus without any repair of the deep deltoid ligament. Then, stress valgus and stress external rotation tests were performed again to assess the medial ankle stability. Results: All ankles were stable initially as confirmed by stress valgus and stress external rotation tests. After cutting both components of the deltoid ligament, the ankles were found to be grossly unstable using the same tests. After repair of the superficial deltoid, all ankles were stable again with a medial space equal to the initial status and with negative stress valgus and stress external rotation tests. Conclusion: Surgical repair of the superficial deltoid ligament without repair of the deep deltoid ligament in cases of deltoid ligament injury may be sufficient to restore medial ankle stability. Limitations of the study include that all potential secondary restraints are intact in the cadaveric study compared to the actual situation where other structures like the capsular attachments may be injured especially if a fracture dislocation is encountered. Clinical trials are needed to confirm this finding.

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Sturk, James A., Edward D. Lemaire, Emily Sinitski, Nancy L. Dudek, Markus Besemann, Jacqueline S. Hebert, and Natalie Baddour. "Gait differences between K3 and K4 persons with transfemoral amputation across level and non-level walking conditions." Prosthetics and Orthotics International 42, no. 6 (July 25, 2018): 626–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0309364618785724.

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Background: A transfemoral amputee’s functional level can be classified from K-level 0 (lowest) to K-level 4 (highest). Knowledge of the biomechanical differences between K3 and K4 transfemoral amputation could help inform clinical professionals and researchers in amputee care and gait assessment. Objectives: Explore gait differences between K3- and K4-level transfemoral amputation across different surface conditions. Study design: Cross-sectional study. Methods: Four K3 and six K4 transfemoral amputation and 10 matched able-bodied individuals walked in a virtual environment with simulated level and non-level surfaces on a self-paced treadmill. Stability measures included medial-lateral margin of stability, step parameters, and gait variability (standard deviations for speed, temporal-spatial parameters, root-mean-square of medial-lateral trunk acceleration). Results: K3 walked slower than K4 with wider steps, greater root-mean-square of medial-lateral trunk acceleration, and greater medial-lateral margin of stability standard deviations, indicating their stability was further challenged. K3 participants had greater asymmetry in double support time and trunk acceleration root-mean-square in the medial-lateral direction, but similar asymmetry overall. K3 participants had larger differences from AB and in more parameters than K4, although K4 differed from AB in trunk acceleration root-mean-square in the medial-lateral direction, walking speed, and double support time standard deviations. Conclusion: The findings improve our understanding of K3 and K4 transfemoral amputation gait on slopes and simulated uneven surfaces. Clinical relevance High performing and community ambulatory transfemoral amputees cannot match the ambulatory abilities of ablebodied individuals. Understanding gait differences between these groups under conditions that challenge balance is required to develop rehabilitation protocols and prosthetic componentry targeted at improving transfemoral amputee gait and overall mobility in their chosen environment.

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Romano, Antonio, Stefania Troise, Francesco Maffia, Umberto Committeri, Lorenzo Sani, Marco Sarcinella, Antonio Arena, Giorgio Iaconetta, Luigi Califano, and Giovanni Dell’Aversana Orabona. "Anteroposterior Ethmoidectomy in the Endoscopic Reduction of Medial Orbital Wall Fractures: Does It Really Reduce Stability?" Applied Sciences 13, no. 1 (December 21, 2022): 98. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app13010098.

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The surgical treatment of isolated medial orbital wall fractures is still a much-debated topic in the literature due to the choice of many surgical accesses. The main options are represented by transcutaneous versus endonasal endoscopic approaches. Our study aims to clarify the role of ethmoidectomy in the pure endoscopic endonasal reduction of medial orbital wall fractures, evaluating the immediate postoperative outcome and its long-term stability. A total of 31 patients affected by isolated medial orbital wall fracture, treated only by endoscopic approach, were included in the study and divided in two groups: (A) 14 patients treated by endoscopic reduction and anterior ethmoidectomy; (B) 17 patients treated by endoscopic reduction and anteroposterior ethmoidectomy. Perioperative and 6-month postoperative follow-up CT scans were performed. With the use of 3D medical software, we evaluated the comparison between the treated orbit and the mirrored contralateral orbit in the two groups, in order to observe the reduction of the fracture. Furthermore, to check the stability of reduction and to evaluate any medial orbital wall changes, we provided a comparison between the 3D CT scan orbital images of immediate postoperative CT and 6-month follow-up. Data obtained showed that the intraoperative surgical reduction was successful in all 31 cases, but it was better in Group B. Stability of the reduction at 6 months was observed in both groups without significant discrepancies. In our opinion, the endonasal endoscopic approach with ethmoidectomy represents a valid and useful technique by which to treat medial orbital wall fractures. The anatomical detail of the buttressing structures of the medial orbital wall, as the second portion of the middle turbinate, grants long-term stability of the surgical outcome.

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Yoon, Kyoung Ho, Hyun Woo Lee, Soo Yeon Park, Raymond D. K. Yeak, Jung-Suk Kim, and Jae-Young Park. "Meniscal Allograft Transplantation After Anterior Cruciate Ligament Reconstruction Can Improve Knee Stability: A Comparison of Medial and Lateral Procedures." American Journal of Sports Medicine 48, no. 10 (July 21, 2020): 2370–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0363546520938771.

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Background: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the clinical score and stability after meniscal allograft transplantation (MAT) after a previous anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) reconstruction. Hypothesis: Medial MAT would improve anteroposterior stability, and lateral MAT would improve rotational stability. Study Design: Cohort study; Level of evidence, 3. Method: We retrospectively investigated 31 cases of MAT after a previous total or nearly total meniscectomy and ACL reconstruction between November 2008 and June 2017. Cases were divided into medial (16 cases) and lateral (15 cases) MAT groups. The patients were assessed preoperatively and at the 2-year follow-up. Results: In the medial MAT group, the International Knee Documentation Committee, Lysholm, Lysholm instability, and Tegner scores improved significantly at the 2-year follow-up, and there were also significant improvements in the anterior drawer, Lachman, and pivot-shift tests. In the lateral MAT group, the Lysholm and Tegner scores improved significantly at the 2-year follow-up, as had the anterior drawer and Lachman tests but not the pivot-shift test. The medial MAT group showed significant improvement in side-to-side difference on Telos stress radiographs, from 6.5 mm (preoperatively) to 3.6 mm (2-year follow-up) ( P = .001), while the lateral MAT group showed no significant change. There was no progression of arthritis in either group. Conclusion: Medial MAT improved not only anteroposterior stability but also rotational stability in the meniscus-deficient ACL-reconstructed knee. Lateral MAT showed improvements in the anterior drawer and Lachman tests but not in the pivot-shift test or side-to-side difference on Telos stress radiographs in meniscus-deficient ACL-reconstructed knees. Instability and pain are indications for MAT in meniscus-deficient ACL-reconstructed knees.

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Saeki, Kazuhiko, William M. Mihalko, Vishal Patel, Jason Conway, Masatoshi Naito, Hamish Thrum, Hilda Vandenneuker, and Leo A. Whiteside. "Stability After Medial Collateral Ligament Release in Total Knee Arthroplasty." Clinical Orthopaedics and Related Research 392 (November 2001): 184–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/00003086-200111000-00022.

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Walker, Peter S., Sally Arno, Christopher Bell, Gaia Salvadore, Ilya Borukhov, and Cheongeun Oh. "Function of the medial meniscus in force transmission and stability." Journal of Biomechanics 48, no. 8 (June 2015): 1383–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jbiomech.2015.02.055.

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Chen, Lianxu, Monica Linde-Rosen, Sun Chul Hwang, Jingbin Zhou, Qiang Xie, Patrick Smolinski, and Freddie H. Fu. "The effect of medial meniscal horn injury on knee stability." Knee Surgery, Sports Traumatology, Arthroscopy 23, no. 1 (August 26, 2014): 126–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00167-014-3241-9.

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Shiwaku, Kousuke, Tomoaki Kamiya, Daisuke Suzuki, Satoshi Yamakawa, Hidenori Otsubo, Tomoyuki Suzuki, Katsunori Takahashi, et al. "The Role of the Medial Meniscus in Anterior Knee Stability." Orthopaedic Journal of Sports Medicine 10, no. 11 (November 1, 2022): 232596712211328. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/23259671221132845.

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Background: Few studies have compared the force distribution between the anterolateral, posterolateral, and medial structures of the knee. Purpose: To investigate the important structures in an intact knee contributing to force distribution in response to anterior tibial load. Study Design: Controlled laboratory study. Methods: Nine fresh-frozen cadaveric knee specimens underwent robotic testing. First, 100 N of anterior tibial load was applied to the intact knee at 0°, 15°, 30°, 60°, and 90° of knee flexion. The anterior cruciate ligament (ACL), anterolateral capsule, lateral collateral ligament, popliteal tendon, posterior root of the lateral meniscus, superficial medial collateral ligament, posterior root of the medial meniscus (MM), and posterior cruciate ligament were then completely transected in sequential order. After each transection, the authors reproduced the intact knee motion when a 100-N anterior tibial load was applied. By applying the principle of superposition, the resultant force of each structure was determined based on the 6 degrees of freedom force/torque data of each state. Results: At every measured knee flexion angle, the resultant force of the ACL was the largest of the tested structures. At knee flexion angles of 60° and 90°, the resultant force of the MM was larger than that of all other structures with the exception of the ACL. Conclusion: The MM was identified as playing an important role in response to anterior tibial load at 60° and 90° of flexion. Clinical Relevance: In clinical settings, the ACL of patients with a poorly functioning MM, such as tear of the MM posterior root, should be monitored considering the large resultant force in response to an anterior tibial load.

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Spang, Robert, Jonathan Egan, Philip Hanna, Aron Lechtig, Daniel Haber, Joseph P. DeAngelis, Ara Nazarian, and Arun J. Ramappa. "Comparison of Patellofemoral Kinematics and Stability After Medial Patellofemoral Ligament and Medial Quadriceps Tendon–Femoral Ligament Reconstruction." American Journal of Sports Medicine 48, no. 9 (June 18, 2020): 2252–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0363546520930703.

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Background: There is a lack of evidence regarding the optimum extensor-sided fixation method for medial patellofemoral ligament (MPFL) reconstruction. There is increased interest in avoiding patellar drilling via soft tissue–only fixation to the distal quadriceps, thus reconstructing the medial quadriceps tendon–femoral ligament (MQTFL). The biomechanical implications of differing extensor-sided fixation constructs remain unknown. Hypothesis: The null hypothesis was there would be no differences between traditional MPFL reconstruction and MQTFL reconstruction with respect to resistance to lateral translation, patellar position, or patellofemoral contact pressures. Study Design: Controlled laboratory study. Methods: Nine adult knee specimens were mounted on a jig that applied static, physiologic loads to the quadriceps tendons. Patellar position and orientation, knee flexion angle, and patellofemoral pressure were recorded at 8 different flexion angles between 0° and 110°. Additionally, a lateral patellar excursion test was conducted wherein a load was applied directly to the patella in the lateral direction with the knee at 30° of flexion and subjected to 2-N quadriceps loads. Testing was conducted under 4 conditions: intact, transected MPFL, MQTFL reconstruction, and MPFL reconstruction. For MQTFL reconstruction, the surgical technique established by Fulkerson was employed. For MPFL reconstruction, a traditional technique was utilized. Results: The patellar excursion test showed no significant difference between the MQTFL and intact states with respect to lateral translation. MPFL reconstruction led to significantly less lateral translation ( P < .05) than all other states. There were no significant differences between MPFL and MQTFL reconstructions with respect to peak patellofemoral contact pressure. MPFL and MQTFL reconstructions both resulted in increased internal rotation of the patella with the knee in full extension. Conclusion: Soft tissue-only extensor-sided fixation to the distal quadriceps (MQTFL) during patella stabilization appears to re-create native stability in this time 0 cadaver model. Fixation to the patella (MPFL) was associated with increased resistance to lateral translation. Clinical Relevance: Evolving anatomic knowledge and concern for patellar fracture has led to increased interest in MQTFL reconstruction. Both MQTFL and MPFL reconstructions restored patellofemoral stability to lateral translation without increasing contact pressures under appropriate graft tensioning, with MQTFL more closely restoring native resistance to lateral translation at the time of surgery.

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Chang, Chu-Fen, Hui-Ji Fan, Hung-Bin Chen, Houu-Wooi Lim, Hsiao-Yuan Lee, and Kwan-Hwa Lin. "IMMEDIATE EFFECT OF DIFFERENT FOREFOOT WEDGES ON STANDING STABILITY IN YOUNG ADULTS." Biomedical Engineering: Applications, Basis and Communications 30, no. 01 (February 2018): 1850014. http://dx.doi.org/10.4015/s101623721850014x.

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The aim of this study was to investigate the immediate effect of wearing the functional insoles with different slopes of forefoot wedges on postural stability in young adults during quiet stance. In this study, the functional insole was composed of a forefoot wedge and a medial arch support. Twelve healthy young adults (six males and six females) participated. Each subject wore sneakers with and without functional insole and stood as still as possible on a force plate with feet together, arms by side and head facing ahead for 60[Formula: see text]s, while eyes open and eyes closed, respectively. The functional insole was applied in the random sequence of no insole, wearing insole with a medial arch and a four-degree forefoot wedge, as well as wearing insole with a medial arch and an eight-degree forefoot wedge. The sway areas as well as the maximal excursions of the center of pressure (COP) in anterior–posterior (AP) and medial–lateral (ML) directions were used to evaluate the static postural stability. During stance with feet together and eyes closed, the sway area and maximal excursion of the COP in the AP direction were significantly decreased when wearing an eight-degree forefoot wedge functional insole. Since the reduced displacements of the COP indicated better postural control, it was suggested that the functional insole with an eight-degree forefoot wedge and a medial arch support might be beneficial to improve the postural stability in patients with impaired balance control, especially for whom having high risk of forward falls.

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Hope, J. A., G. Coco, D. R. Parsons, and S. F. Thrush. "Microplastics interact with benthic biostabilization processes." Environmental Research Letters 16, no. 12 (December 1, 2021): 124058. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1748-9326/ac3bfd.

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Abstract Marine microplastics (MPs) accumulate in sediments but impacts on ecosystem functions are poorly understood. MPs interactions with stabilizing benthic flora/fauna or biostabilization processes, have not been fully investigated, yet this is critical for unraveling MPs effects on ecosystem-scale processes and functions. This is also vital for understanding feedback processes that may moderate the stock and flow of MPs as they are transported through estuaries. The relationships between sedimentary MPs, biota, environmental properties and sediment stability from field sediments, were examined using variance partitioning (VP) and correlation analyses. VP was used to identify common and unique contributions of different groups of variables (environmental, fauna and microplastic variables) to sediment stability. The influence of microplastic presence (fragment/fiber abundances and microplastic diversity) on sediment stability (defined using erosion thresholds and erosion rates) was demonstrated. Furthermore, MPs appeared to mediate the biostabilizing effects of environmental properties (including microorganisms) and fauna. Environmental properties and sediment stability could also explain the variation in MPs across sites suggesting biostabilizing properties may mediate the abundance, type and diversity of MPs that accumulate in the bed. The potential for MPs to influence biota and biostabilization processes and mediate microplastic resuspension dynamics within estuaries is discussed.

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Susilowati, MG Westri Kekalih, and Retno Yustini Wahyuningdyah. "PATH ANALYSIS OF MONETARY POLICY MECHANISMS: DOES ECONOMIC CAPACITY MEDIATE PRICES?" Jurnal Penelitan Ekonomi dan Bisnis 5, no. 2 (September 18, 2020): 136–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.33633/jpeb.v5i2.3159.

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The single objective of Bank Indonesia is Rupiah's stability. Within the monetary policy framework, the monetary instruments affect the operational targets (money supply and interest rates). Those operational targets effect rupiah stability troughs its effect on economic capacity/GDP. Using 108 monthly data, that is analyzed by path analysis; this study discusses the effect of net foreign assets (NFA) and net domestic assets (NDA,) and interest rates on the prices (CPI) through their effects GDP. The results show that NFA and NDA have a significant positive effect on GDP, while interest rates are tended to be negative. However, neither the NFA nor the NDA has been proven to have a direct significant effect on CPI. The interest rate has been proven to have a direct significant effect on CPI. GDP was not proven to have a significant effect on the CPI and neither mediates the effects of operational targets on CPI.Keywords: Rupiah; Prices; CPI; Stability; Money

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MacDonald, Ashlee, David Ciufo, Eric Vess, Emma Knapp, Hani A. Awad, John P. Ketz, Adolph S. Flemister, and Irvin Oh. "Peritalar Kinematics With Combined Deltoid-Spring Ligament Reconstruction in Simulated Advanced Adult Acquired Flatfoot Deformity." Foot & Ankle International 41, no. 9 (June 4, 2020): 1149–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1071100720929004.

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Background: Adult acquired flatfoot deformity (AAFD) is a complex and progressive deformity involving the ligamentous structures of the medial peritalar joints. Recent anatomic studies demonstrated that the spring and deltoid ligaments form a greater medial ligament complex, the tibiocalcaneonavicular ligament (TCNL), which provides medial stability to the talonavicular, subtalar, and tibiotalar joints. The aim of this study was to assess the biomechanical effect of a spring ligament tear on the peritalar stability. The secondary aim was to assess the effect of TCNL reconstruction in restoration of peritalar stability in comparison with other medial stabilization procedures, anatomic spring or deltoid ligament reconstructions, in a cadaveric flatfoot model. Methods: Ten fresh-frozen cadaveric foot specimens were used. Reflective markers were mounted on the tibia, talus, navicular, calcaneus, and first metatarsal. Peritalar joint kinematics were captured by a multiple-camera motion capture system. Mild, moderate, and severe flatfoot models were created by sequential sectioning of medial capsuloligament complex followed by cyclic axial loading. Spring only, deltoid only, and combined deltoid-spring ligament (TCNL) reconstructions were performed. The relative kinematic changes were compared using 2-way analysis of variance (ANOVA). Results: Compared with the initial condition, we noted significantly increased valgus alignment of the subtalar joint of 5.1 ± 2.3 degrees ( P = .031) and 5.8 ± 2.7 degrees ( P < .01) with increased size of the spring ligament tear to create moderate to severe flatfoot, respectively. We noted an increased tibiotalar valgus angle of 5.1 ± 2.0 degrees ( P = .03) in the severe model. Although all medial ligament reconstruction methods were able to correct forefoot abduction, the TCNL reconstruction was able to correct both the subtalar and tibiotalar valgus deformity ( P = .04 and P = .02, respectively). Conclusion: The TCNL complex provided stability to the talonavicular, subtalar, and tibiotalar joints. The combined deltoid-spring ligament (TCNL) reconstructions restored peritalar kinematics better than isolated spring or deltoid ligament reconstruction in the severe AAFD model. Clinical Relevance: The combined deltoid-spring ligament (TCNL) reconstruction maybe considered in advanced AAFD with medial peritalar instability: stage IIB with a large spring ligament tear or stage IV.

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Chung, Jung-Sung, Jian-Kang Zhu, Ray A. Bressan, Paul M. Hasegawa, and Huazhong Shi. "Reactive oxygen species mediate Na+-induced SOS1 mRNA stability in Arabidopsis." Plant Journal 53, no. 3 (November 8, 2007): 554–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-313x.2007.03364.x.

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O'Connor, Christopher D., Donald A. Falk, Ann M. Lynch, Thomas W. Swetnam, and Craig P. Wilcox. "Disturbance and productivity interactions mediate stability of forest composition and structure." Ecological Applications 27, no. 3 (March 15, 2017): 900–915. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/eap.1492.

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Lampridis, Vasileios, Nikolaos Gougoulias, and Anthony Sakellariou. "Stability in ankle fractures." EFORT Open Reviews 3, no. 5 (May 2018): 294–303. http://dx.doi.org/10.1302/2058-5241.3.170057.

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Medial column (deltoid ligament) integrity is of key importance when considering the stability of isolated lateral malleolus ankle fractures. Weight-bearing radiographs are the best method of evaluating stability of isolated distal fibula fractures. Computed tomography (CT) scanning is mandatory for the assessment of complex ankle fractures, especially those involving the posterior malleolus. Most isolated trans-syndesmotic fibular fractures (Weber-B, SER, AO 44-B) are stable and can safely be treated non-operatively. Posterior malleolus fractures, regardless of size, should be considered for surgical fixation to restore stability, reduce the need for syndesmosis fixation, and improve contact pressure distribution. Cite this article: EFORT Open Rev 2018;3 DOI: 10.1302/2058-5241.3.170057

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Al, Firat, Bilgehan Tosun, Tamer Sinmazcelik, and Mustafa Ozmen. "BIOMECHANICAL COMPARISON OF MEDIAL VERSUS LATERAL SIDED PLATING IN FEMORAL FRACTURES." Acta Ortopédica Brasileira 26, no. 4 (August 2018): 265–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/1413-785220182604191645.

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ABSTRACT Objective: The aim of the present study was to determine whether the side of application of the plate itself affects the mechanical stability of the fixation. The specific question addressed is whether or not a lateral or medial plate application is biomechanically better, for the treatment of distal diaphysis fractures of the femur. Methods: Stability and stiffness of medial sided plating relative to the conventional lateral sided plating in distal diaphysis of the femur were measured by analyzing axial loading forces leading to implant failure. Sixty synthetic femurs were tested in physiological bending, to calculate the yield and ultimate load to displacement following fixation of distal diaphysis fractures of the femur by either medial or lateral sided plating. Axial loading was applied to samples using a uniaxial testing machine. Results: There was more implant deformation in the lateral sided plating group – a difference with statistical significance. Conclusion: Medial sided plating was found to be as stiff as lateral plating. Medial plating may be a reasonable treatment option that can be used safely in selected cases. Level of Evidence I, Therapeutic Studies Investigating the Results of Treatment

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Zhu, Junjun, Jiangtao Dong, Brandon Marshall, Monica A. Linde, Patrick Smolinski, and Freddie H. Fu. "Medial collateral ligament reconstruction is necessary to restore anterior stability with anterior cruciate and medial collateral ligament injury." Knee Surgery, Sports Traumatology, Arthroscopy 26, no. 2 (May 24, 2017): 550–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00167-017-4575-x.

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Richter, Martinus, Alexander Milstrey, Stefan Zech, Angelika Grueter, Julia Evers, Michael J. Raschke, and Sabine Ochman. "Comparison of Clinically used Bilayer Collagen Membrane and Trilayer Collagen Prototype Fixation Stability in Chondral Defects at the Talus: An Experimental Human Specimen Study." Foot & Ankle Orthopaedics 5, no. 4 (October 1, 2020): 2473011420S0040. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/2473011420s00403.

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Category: Basic Sciences/Biologics Introduction/Purpose: The purpose of this human specimen experimental study was to compare the fixation stability of clinically used bilayer collagen membrane with fibrin glue (Chondro-Gide, Geistlich Pharma AG, Wollhusen, Switzerland) with trilayer collagen prototype without fibrin glue in chondral defects at the medial or lateral talar shoulder. Methods: Eleven human specimens were used. The membranes were implanted in standardized chondral defects at the medial and lateral talar shoulder (randomized). All tests were performed in load-control (15kg). Range of motion (ROM) of each ankle was examined individually before testing. The average ROM was 10° dorsalextension (range 0°-20°) and 30° plantarflexion (range 20°-45°). 1,000 testing cycles with the defined ROM were performed. Two independent investigators, blinded to fixation and membrane type, visually assessed the membrane fixation integrity for peripheral detachment, area of defect uncovered, membrane constitution and delamination. Results: The clinically used bilayer collagen membrane plus fibrin glue showed higher fixation stability than the trilayer prototype (all p<0.05). No significant differences occurred between medial and lateral talar shoulder location (all p>0.05). Conclusion: The fixation stability of the trilayer collagen prototype without fibrin glue is lower than of the clinically used bilayer membrane with fibrin glue in chondral defects at the medial and lateral talar shoulder in an experimental human specimen test. Clinical use of trilayer collagen prototype without fibrin glue has to be validated by clinical testing to evaluate if the lower stability of fixation is still sufficient.

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Lockie, Robert G., Farzad Jalilvand, Corrin A. Jordan, Samuel J. Callaghan, Matthew D. Jeffriess, Tawni M. Luczo, and Adrian B. Schultz. "The Relationship between Unilateral Dynamic Stability and Multidirectional Jump Performance in Team Sport Athletes." Sport Science Review 24, no. 5-6 (December 1, 2015): 321–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/ssr-2015-0022.

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AbstractThis study investigated relationships between dynamic stability and multidirectional jumping. A modified Star Excursion Balance Test (mSEBT), incorporating unilateral lower-body reaching in posteromedial, medial, and anteromedial directions, assessed dynamic stability. Unilateral vertical (VJ), standing broad (SBJ) and lateral jumps (LJ) assessed leg power. VJ power and relative SBJ and LJ distances were calculated. Thirty-two team sport athletes completed the mSEBT when each leg was used for stance, and left- and right-leg VJ, SBJ, and LJ. Correlations were drawn between data recorded from each leg when used for mSEBT stance and for each jump. Participants were dichotomized into better and lesser dynamic stability groups according to the sum of excursions for each leg. A one-way ANOVA determined mSEBT and jump differences (p< 0.05). The left-leg posteromedial and medial excursions correlated with VJ power; the medial excursion correlated with the LJ. The right-leg posteromedial excursion correlated with the SBJ; the anteromedial excursion correlated with the SBJ, and relative SBJ and LJ (r = 0.35-0.45). There were no differences in unilateral jumping between the better and lesser groups. Although there is some relationship with dynamic stability, this study further highlighted the complex interaction between the physical and technical characteristics of multidirectional jumping.

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Mironov, S. P., and G. M. Burmakova. "Medial Elbow Instability in Athletes." N.N. Priorov Journal of Traumatology and Orthopedics 3, no. 4 (December 15, 1996): 16–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.17816/vto103877.

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In Sports and Ballet Trauma Department of CITO 52 sportsmen of high qualification with medial elbow instability were treated from 1983 to 1995. Clinical signs and methods of examination are presented. The authors define three degrees of elbow instability resulted from medial collateral ligament insufficiency. This classification is taken as a principle for the choice of treatment tacktics. In 28 patients with instability of degree 1 the lateral stability of the joint was restored conservatively (remedial gymnastics to strengthen the surrounding muscles with special attention to the medial head of the triceps, electrostimulation, novocaine blockade along the ligament). Sixteen patients out of that group underwent the revision of elbow joint with chondroplasty and removal of loose bodies. Instability of degrees 2 and 3 was the indication to surgical treatment. Damaged capsular ligamentous system was sutured by dublicatums technique. In 3 patients autograft from triceps tendon was used to strengthen the medial wall of the elbow joint. Forty six patients were examined within 1-6 years after treatment; function elbow and sports activity were restored completely in all patients.

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Jacob, Pierre-Yves, Tiffany Van Cauter, Bruno Poucet, Francesca Sargolini, and Etienne Save. "Medial entorhinal cortex lesions induce degradation of CA1 place cell firing stability when self-motion information is used." Brain and Neuroscience Advances 4 (January 2020): 239821282095300. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/2398212820953004.

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The entorhinal–hippocampus network plays a central role in navigation and episodic memory formation. To investigate these interactions, we examined the effect of medial entorhinal cortex lesions on hippocampal place cell activity. Since the medial entorhinal cortex is suggested to play a role in the processing of self-motion information, we hypothesised that such processing would be necessary for maintaining stable place fields in the absence of environmental cues. Place cells were recorded as medial entorhinal cortex–lesioned rats explored a circular arena during five 16-min sessions comprising a baseline session with all sensory inputs available followed by four sessions during which environmental (i.e. visual, olfactory, tactile) cues were progressively reduced to the point that animals could rely exclusively on self-motion cues to maintain stable place fields. We found that place field stability and a number of place cell firing properties were affected by medial entorhinal cortex lesions in the baseline session. When rats were forced to rely exclusively on self-motion cues, within-session place field stability was dramatically decreased in medial entorhinal cortex rats relative to SHAM rats. These results support a major role of the medial entorhinal cortex in processing self-motion cues, with this information being conveyed to the hippocampus to help anchor and maintain a stable spatial representation during movement.

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Baecker, Henrik. "Radiography in in SER II - IV Ankle Fractures." Foot & Ankle Orthopaedics 2, no. 3 (September 1, 2017): 2473011417S0001. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/2473011417s000102.

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Category: Ankle, Sports, Trauma Introduction/Purpose: SER lateral malleolar fractures are common. The assessment of the stability of the ankle fracture is crucial for decision making of treatment which is associated with the integrity of the deltoid ligament (SERII-III). Slight talar shift can lead to extensive decrease of tibio-talar contact area (Ramsey 1999). Several clinical tests have been proposed of which static weightbearing radiography is used to measure the lateral talar shift with the medial clear space to detect medial instability (SERIV). However, the correlation of a stable ankle joint under weightbearing load with the structural integrity of the deltoid ligament has not been shown yet which we want to investigate. Methods: 17 patients with lateral malleolar fractures were investigated who underwent an MRI and weightbearing radiography examination. In the MRI, the deep deltoid ligament was assessed as intact, partial und complete rupture. The medial clear space was measured - distance between the lateral border of the medial malleolus and the medial border of the talus at the level of the talar dome (millimeter). Results: 7 patients suffered from deep deltoid ligament rupture (4 partial; 3 complete).The medial clear space in patients with intact deep deltoid ligament was 2.96+0.41 mm in mean, in partial rupture 2.8+0.38 mm, in complete rupture 3.43+0.23 mm. When counting the complete and partial ruptures together the mean was 3.07+0.45 mm and in partial ruptures plus the intact ones 2.91+0.40 mm. Conclusion: Our results show no significant correlation between the medial clear space and the integrity of the deep deltoid ligament (figure1). A negative weightbearing radiograph does not exclude deep deltoid ligament rupture. This fact might indicate the importance of the intrinsic stability provided by the osseous contour of the highly congruent ankle joint. In our opinion, malleolar fracture with deep deltoid ligament rupture (SERIV) can therefore be treated conservatively as long as ankle stability is provided under physiological load.

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Gunter, Katherine B., Michael J. Pavol, Christine M. Snow, and Wilson C. Hayes. "Reduced Medial-lateral Stability While Walking May Increase Side-fall Risk." Medicine & Science in Sports & Exercise 37, Supplement (May 2005): S157. http://dx.doi.org/10.1249/00005768-200505001-00840.

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Gunter, Katherine B., Michael J. Pavol, Christine M. Snow, and Wilson C. Hayes. "Reduced Medial-lateral Stability While Walking May Increase Side-fall Risk." Medicine & Science in Sports & Exercise 37, Supplement (May 2005): S157. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/00005768-200505001-00840.

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Aly, M., and N. B. Turk-Browne. "Top-down attention modulates representational stability in the medial temporal lobe." Journal of Vision 14, no. 10 (August 22, 2014): 631. http://dx.doi.org/10.1167/14.10.631.

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Toor, Aneet S., Orr Limpisvasti, Hansel E. Ihn, Michelle H. McGarry, Michael Banffy, and Thay Q. Lee. "The significant effect of the medial hamstrings on dynamic knee stability." Knee Surgery, Sports Traumatology, Arthroscopy 27, no. 8 (November 12, 2018): 2608–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00167-018-5283-x.

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Nelissen, E. M., E. J. van Langelaan, and R. G. H. H. Nelissen. "Stability of medial opening wedge high tibial osteotomy: a failure analysis." International Orthopaedics 34, no. 2 (February 3, 2009): 217–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00264-009-0723-3.

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Beukes, J., J. P. Reyneke, and P. J. Becker. "Medial pterygoid muscle and stylomandibular ligament: the effects on postoperative stability." International Journal of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery 42, no. 1 (January 2013): 43–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ijom.2012.05.010.

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Iramani, RR, Muazaroh Muazaroh, and Abdul Mongid. "Positive contribution of the good corporate governance rating to stability and performance: evidence from Indonesia." Problems and Perspectives in Management 16, no. 2 (April 16, 2018): 1–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.21511/ppm.16(2).2018.01.

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This paper aims to examine the impact of Good Corporate Governance (GCG) practice on bank stability and performance. Governance is measured using the GCG rating that covers eleven aspects. The authors apply instrumental regression to link governance to performance and stability. The study covers a sample of 150 banks. The result shows that bank stability can mediate bank governance and bank performance. On the determinant of bank performance, it can be concluded that the GCG rating is positive and directly influences bank performance. Bank stability is also positive for bank performance indicating the indirect contribution of the GCG rating to bank performance. NPL, LDR, CAR and bank’s size (LASSET) are all negative and significant. The aim of this paper is to provide strong empirical evidence on the importance of governance and stability for performance. The limitations of this paper are the size of the sample and that it only covers public banks which are theoretically required to apply better governance in all aspects of their business by the Capital Market Authority.

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Nakamura, Norimasa, Shuji Horibe, Yukiyoshi Toritsuka, Tomoki Mitsuoka, Hideki Yoshikawa, and Konsei Shino. "Acute Grade III Medial Collateral Ligament Injury of the Knee Associated with Anterior Cruciate Ligament Tear: The Usefulness of Magnetic Resonance Imaging in Determining a Treatment Regimen." American Journal of Sports Medicine 31, no. 2 (March 2003): 261–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/03635465030310021801.

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Background: The appropriate management of acute grade III medial collateral ligament injury when it is combined with a torn anterior cruciate ligament has not been determined. Hypothesis: Magnetic resonance imaging grading of grade III medial collateral ligament injury in patients who also have anterior cruciate ligament injury correlates with the outcome of their nonoperative treatment. Study Design: Prospective cohort study. Methods: Seventeen patients were first treated nonoperatively with bracing. Eleven patients with restored valgus stability received anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction only, and six with residual valgus laxity also received medial collateral ligament surgery. Results: Magnetic resonance imaging depicted complete disruption of the superficial layer of the medial collateral ligament in all 17 patients and disruption of the deep layer in 14. Restoration of valgus stability was significantly correlated with the location of superficial fiber damage. Damage was evident over the whole length of the superficial layer in five patients, and all five patients had residual valgus laxity despite bracing. Both groups had good-to-excellent results 5 years later. Conclusions: Location of injury in the superficial layer may be useful in predicting the outcome of nonoperative treatment for acute grade III medial collateral ligament lesions combined with anterior cruciate ligament injury.

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Butler, B., J. Peelman, L. Q. Zhang, M. Kwasny, and D. Nagle. "The effect of in-situ decompression on ulnar nerve stability: a cadaveric study." Journal of Hand Surgery (European Volume) 42, no. 7 (January 24, 2017): 715–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1753193416686295.

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Ten fresh frozen right cadaver arms were placed in a motorized jig and an in-situ ulnar nerve decompression was performed in 5 mm increments distally to the flexor carpi ulnaris (FCU) aponeurosis then proximally to the intermuscular septum. The elbows were ranged 0–135° after each incremental decompression and the ulnar nerve to medial epicodyle distance was measured to assess for nerve translation/subluxation compared with baseline (prerelease) values. None of the specimens had ulnar nerve subluxation (defined as anterior translation past the medial epicondyle) even after full decompression. Furthermore, there were no statistically significant ulnar nerve translations (defined as any difference in distance from ulnar nerve to medial epicondyle before and after each decompression) for any flexion angle or extent of decompression. This study provides biomechanical evidence that in situ ulnar nerve decompression from the FCU aponeurosis to the intermuscular septum does not result in significant ulnar nerve translation or subluxation.

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Adravanti, Paolo, Francesco Dini, Giuseppe Calafiore, and Michele Rosa. "Medial collateral ligament reconstruction during TKA: a new approach and surgical technique." Joints 03, no. 04 (October 2015): 215–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.11138/jts/2015.3.4.215.

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Medial collateral ligament (MCL) injuries during total knee arthroplasty are rare but severe complications. They can be treated conservatively, by increasing prosthetic constraint, by using a thicker polyethylene insert, or by directly suturing the ligament. A prosthesis is successful to the extent that it ensures long-term knee stability. We describe our surgical approach to the restoration of knee joint stability in MCL deficiency: a reconstructive technique using the semitendinosus tendon.

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Trempler, Ima, Anne-Marike Schiffer, Nadiya El-Sourani, Christiane Ahlheim, Gereon R. Fink, and Ricarda I. Schubotz. "Frontostriatal Contribution to the Interplay of Flexibility and Stability in Serial Prediction." Journal of Cognitive Neuroscience 29, no. 2 (February 2017): 298–309. http://dx.doi.org/10.1162/jocn_a_01040.

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Surprising events may be relevant or irrelevant for behavior, requiring either flexible adjustment or stabilization of our model of the world and according response strategies. Cognitive flexibility and stability in response to environmental demands have been described as separable cognitive states, associated with activity of striatal and lateral prefrontal regions, respectively. It so far remains unclear, however, whether these two states act in an antagonistic fashion and which neural mechanisms mediate the selection of respective responses, on the one hand, and a transition between these states, on the other. In this study, we tested whether the functional dichotomy between striatal and prefrontal activity applies for the separate functions of updating (in response to changes in the environment, i.e., switches) and shielding (in response to chance occurrences of events violating expectations, i.e., drifts) of current predictions. We measured brain activity using fMRI while 20 healthy participants performed a task that required to serially predict upcoming items. Switches between predictable sequences had to be indicated via button press while sequence omissions (drifts) had to be ignored. We further varied the probability of switches and drifts to assess the neural network supporting the transition between flexible and stable cognitive states as a function of recent performance history in response to environmental demands. Flexible switching between models was associated with activation in medial pFC (BA 9 and BA 10), whereas stable maintenance of the internal model corresponded to activation in the lateral pFC (BA 6 and inferior frontal gyrus). Our findings extend previous studies on the interplay of flexibility and stability, suggesting that different prefrontal regions are activated by different types of prediction errors, dependent on their behavioral requirements. Furthermore, we found that striatal activation in response to switches and drifts was modulated by participants' successful behavior toward these events, suggesting the striatum to be responsible for response selections following unpredicted stimuli. Finally, we observed that the dopaminergic midbrain modulates the transition between different cognitive states, thresholded by participants' individual performance history in response to temporal environmental demands.

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Perry, Karen L. "Surgical management of medial humeral epicondylitis, cubital synovial osteochondromatosis and humeroradial subluxation in a cat." Journal of Feline Medicine and Surgery Open Reports 3, no. 1 (January 2017): 205511691769505. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/2055116917695053.

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Case summary A 13-year-old domestic shorthair cat presented for evaluation of pain and difficulty ambulating. Orthopedic examination and CT facilitated a diagnosis of bilateral elbow synovial osteochondromatosis with medial humeral epicondylitis and concurrent osteoarthritis. Right humeroradial subluxation was evident on CT images, but no instability was evident preoperatively. Surgical treatment was elected, including external neurolysis of the ulnar nerve, removal of the areas of mineralization within the flexor carpi ulnaris muscle and medial arthrotomy to remove intra-articular mineralized bodies. Following closure, instability of the right elbow was noted with humeroradial subluxation necessitating placement of circumferential suture prostheses to provide satisfactory stability. Reassessment was performed 2, 6, 12, 24 and 40 weeks postoperatively and revealed maintenance of elbow stability and substantial improvement in mobility and comfort. Relevance and novel information While humeroradial subluxation has been reported in association with medial humeral epicondylitis on post-mortem examination, associated clinically significant instability has not been documented previously. Surgeons should be aware of the potential for this complication and check elbow stability following surgery. Despite this complication, a favorable medium-term outcome was achieved for this cat.

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Journal articles on the topic 'Stabilità mediale'

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