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Journal articles on the topic 'St John's Wort'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 4 June 2021

Last updated: 11 February 2022

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1

Mullaicharam, AR, and Nirmala Halligudi. "St John's wort (Hypericum perforatum L.): A Review of its Chemistry, Pharmacology and Clinical properties." International Journal of Research In Phytochemical And Pharmacological Sciences 1, no. 1 (June 30, 2018): 5–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.33974/ijrpps.v1i1.7.

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St John's wort (also known as hypericum, millepertuis) is Hypericum perforatum L., Hypericaceae, an herbaceous perennial plant native to Europe and Asia, and which has been introduced into the United States where it has naturalized (38). The chemical composition of St. John's wort has been well-studied. Documented pharmacological activities, including antidepressant, antiviral, and antibacterial effects, provide supporting evidence for several of the traditional uses stated for St John's wort. Many pharmacological activities appear to be attributable to hypericin and to the flavanoid constituents; hypericin is also reported to be responsible for the photosensitive reactions that have been documented for St. John's wort. This systematic review overviews the literature on the use of St. John’s Wort for chemistry, pharmacology and clinical properties.

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2

Field, Howard L., Daniel A. Monti, Jeffrey M. Greeson, and Elisabeth J. S. Kunkel. "St. John's Wort." International Journal of Psychiatry in Medicine 30, no. 3 (September 2000): 203–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.2190/pbfd-lwb4-u8cg-53c9.

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3

Salzman, Carl. "St. John's Wort." Harvard Review of Psychiatry 5, no. 6 (January 1998): 333–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.3109/10673229809003582.

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4

Gupta, R. K., and H. J. M�ller. "St. John's Wort." European Archives of Psychiatry and Clinical Neuroscience 253, no. 3 (June 1, 2003): 140–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00406-003-0417-6.

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5

Frommenwiler, Débora A., Eike Reich, Sidney Sudberg, Maged H. M. Sharaf, Anton Bzhelyansky, and Ben Lucas. "St. John's Wort versus Counterfeit St. John's Wort: An HPTLC Study." Journal of AOAC INTERNATIONAL 99, no. 5 (September 1, 2016): 1204–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.5740/jaoacint.16-0170.

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Abstract Hypericum perforatum L. is the most commonly used herb for treating depression. Due to the popularity of this botanical, there is a potential for economically driven adulteration of St. John's wort (SJW) products. The goal of this study was to investigate SJW ingredients suspected to be adulterated based on simple preliminary HPTLC tests. Commercial samples were analyzed by HPTLC following the United States Pharmacopeia (USP) monograph methodology, with additional visualization under white light. A number of these samples presented odd methanolic solution colors and unconventional HPTLC fingerprints, suggesting the presence of other species and/or extraneous polar additives. To achieve identification and separation of the polar additives, a new reversed-phase HPTLC method was developed. The adulterants were identified as synthetic dyes in the amounts of 0.51 to 1.36% by weight. Identities of the dyes were confirmed by scanning densitometry and HPTLC-MS. A modified USP method with additional detection mode permitted the identification of eight SJW samples adulterated with dyes and six others with flavonoid fingerprints different from those specified by USP from a total of 37 samples of dry extracts, finished products, and bulk raw herb. A decision flowchart is proposed to guide the detection of adulteration of SJW in a systematic fashion.

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6

Redvers, A., R. Laugharne, G. Kanagaratnam, and G. Srinivasan. "How many patients self-medicate with St John's wort?" Psychiatric Bulletin 25, no. 7 (July 2001): 254–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.1192/pb.25.7.254.

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Aims and MethodSt John's wort is popularly taken as a herbal remedy, but it interacts with prescribed drugs. The aim of this survey was to estimate the prevalence of patients self-medicating with St John's wort. All new referrals to a community mental health team over 5 months were asked about any use of St John's wort.ResultsFifteen patients, of 101, had taken St John's wort at some time and of those seven were currently taking it. Patients who used St John's wort tended to be younger and female. Only nine of the 15 patients took it for depressive symptoms and none had received medical advice. One patient was taking an interacting medication.Clinical ImplicationsA significant number of patients are taking St John's wort. In order to prevent drug interactions, doctors should ask all patients whether they use it, especially young women who may be on the contraceptive pill. Patients need better education about its risks and benefits and it should be taken with medical advice.

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7

Schneck, Christopher. "St. John's Wort and Hypomania." Journal of Clinical Psychiatry 59, no. 12 (December 15, 1998): 689. http://dx.doi.org/10.4088/jcp.v59n1208d.

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8

Bilia, Anna Rita, Sandra Gallori, and Franco F. Vincieri. "St. John's wort and depression." Life Sciences 70, no. 26 (May 2002): 3077–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0024-3205(02)01566-7.

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9

Brown, Thomas M. "Acute St. John's wort toxicity." American Journal of Emergency Medicine 18, no. 2 (March 2000): 231–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0735-6757(00)90030-5.

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10

LEARD-HANSSON, JAN, and Laurence Guttmacher. "St. John's Wort for Depression." Clinical Psychiatry News 36, no. 12 (December 2008): 9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0270-6644(08)70799-9.

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11

Linde, Klaus, Michael Berner, Matthias Egger, and Cynthia Mulrow. "St John's wort for depression." British Journal of Psychiatry 186, no. 2 (February 2005): 99–107. http://dx.doi.org/10.1192/bjp.186.2.99.

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BackgroundExtracts of Hypericum perforatum (St John's wort) are widely used to treat depression. Evidence for its efficacy has been criticised on methodological grounds.AimsTo update evidence from randomised trials regarding the effectiveness of Hypericum extracts.MethodsWe performed a systematic review and meta-analysis of 37 double-blind randomised controlled trials that compared clinical effects of Hypericum monopreparation with either placebo or a standard antidepressant in adults with depressive disorders.ResultsLarger placebo-controlled trials restricted to patients with major depression showed only minor effects over placebo, while older and smaller trials not restricted to patients with major depression showed marked effects. Compared with standard antidepressants Hypericum extracts had similar effects.ConclusionsCurrent evidence regarding Hypericum extracts is inconsistent and confusing. In patients who meet criteria for major depression, several recent placebo-controlled trials suggest that Hypericum has minimal beneficial effects while other trials suggest that Hypericum and standard antidepressants have similar beneficial effects.

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12

Winslow, Elizabeth H., Ann F. Jacobson, and Michelle L. Michel. "St. John's Wort and Depression." American Journal of Nursing 98, no. 4 (April 1998): 66. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/00000446-199804000-00046.

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13

&NA;. "ST. JOHN'S WORT AND CYCLOSPORINE." American Journal of Nursing 100, no. 8 (August 2000): 24I. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/00000446-200008000-00030.

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14

Sebastian, Anton. "St John's wort, a panacea?" BMJ 333, no. 7560 (July 20, 2006): 187. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/bmj.333.7560.187.

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15

KIM, HANNAH L., JON STRELTZER, and DEBORAH GOEBERT. "St. John's Wort for Depression." Journal of Nervous & Mental Disease 187, no. 9 (September 1999): 532–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/00005053-199909000-00002.

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16

Grush, L. R. "St John's Wort During Pregnancy." JAMA: The Journal of the American Medical Association 280, no. 18 (November 11, 1998): 1566. http://dx.doi.org/10.1001/jama.280.18.1566.

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17

Gaster, Barak, and John Holroyd. "St John's Wort for Depression." Archives of Internal Medicine 160, no. 2 (January 24, 2000): 152. http://dx.doi.org/10.1001/archinte.160.2.152.

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18

Houghton, P. J. "St John's wort for depression." BMJ 313, no. 7066 (November 9, 1996): 1204–5. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/bmj.313.7066.1204b.

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19

Hotopf, Matthew. "Sale of St John's wort." Psychiatric Bulletin 24, no. 9 (September 2000): 352. http://dx.doi.org/10.1192/pb.24.9.352-a.

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20

Istikoglou, C., O. Mikirditsian, K. Michelidakis, T. Nikolaou, D. Vlissides, V. Mavreas, D. Damigos, and M. Stathaki. "St. John's wort versus depression." European Psychiatry 22 (March 2007): S232. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.eurpsy.2007.01.776.

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21

Cathers, Mickie. "St. John's wort for depression." Pharmacy Today 27, no. 4 (April 2021): 17. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ptdy.2021.03.006.

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22

Glisic, Sandra, Sretko Popadic, and Dejan Skala. "St. John's Wort Hypericum perforatum L.: Supercritical extraction, antimicrobial and antidepressant activity of extract and some component." Chemical Industry 60, no. 3-4 (2006): 61–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/hemind0604061g.

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St. John's Wort, the Hypericum perforatum L. is one of the most analyzed plant species today. Plant was characterized with a wide ecological spectrum and is a plant with beautiful yellow flowers. St. John's Wort was used and still is in used in traditional medicine all over the World. Many bioactive components from St. John's Wort like hypericine, hyperforine, qercetrine and essential oil, were isolated and have been used in medicine. The most popular use of Hipericum extract is as an antidepressant for the medicinal treatment of mild and high depression. The medical use of hyperforine in photodynamic therapy for cancer treatment has now been intensively analyzed. The extract of St. John's Wort showed high antimicrobial, even on pathogenic microorganisms as well as antiviral activity. The use of bioactive components from St. John's Wort depends on the possibility to isolate them in the pure state. It seems that supercritical extraction with carbon dioxide might to be the best solution for obtaining pure extract as well as some of the components present in the essential oil and extract of St. John's Wort. Such a conclusion is supported by the many results of recently performed and published in scientific journals.

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23

Maidment, Ian. "The use of St John's Wort in the treatment of depression." Psychiatric Bulletin 24, no. 6 (June 2000): 232–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.1192/pb.24.6.232.

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Aims and MethodTo assess and update the data on the use of St John's Wort as an antidepressant. A Medline search was conducted for the period January 1985 to December 1999. The search included other aspects of the usage of St John's Wort, such as side-effects, mechanism of action and drug interactions.ResultsWhile two overviews and four clinical trials have recently been published, there is little data comparing St John's Wort against therapeutic doses of standard antidepressants.Clinical ImplicationsSt John's Wort is generally well tolerated, and an effective antidepressant. The current evidence indicates that it is less effective than standard antidepressants for severe depression. While some of the available data suggests equivalent efficacy as subtherapeutic doses of tricyclic antidepressants in mild to moderate depression this requires further confirmation. One recently published paper suggests that St John's Wort has equivalent efficacy to fluoxetine in mild to moderate depression. The appropriate therapeutic dose needs clarification.

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24

Walter, Garry, Joseph M. Rey, and Amabel Harding. "Psychiatrists' Experience and Views Regarding St John's Wort and ‘Alternative’ Treatments." Australian & New Zealand Journal of Psychiatry 34, no. 6 (December 2000): 992–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/000486700275.

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Objective: This study aims to ascertain the experience and views of psychiatrists in relation to St John's Wort and alternative treatments generally. Method: A questionnaire was posted to all members of the Royal Australian and New Zealand College of Psychiatrists living in Australia or New Zealand. Results: Of the 1910 mailed questionnaires, 862 (45%) were returned. Eighty per cent of respondents had patients who had used the herb. Side-effects and drug interactions were reported by 28% and 8% respectively of these psychiatrists. Some adverse events were described as serious. Psychiatrist attitudes about St John's Wort and alternative treatments were positive overall and psychiatrists seemed willing to recommend St John's Wort despite limited evidence of its usefulness. Conclusions: Psychiatrists in Australia and New Zealand regularly manage patients who take St John's Wort and a considerable number actually recommend the treatment. However, they also report side-effects and drug interactions. Psychiatrists should routinely enquire about their patients' use of alternative treatments, be mindful of possible side-effects and in particular be aware of the dangers of combining St John's Wort with other psychotropics.

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25

Khishova, O. M., and V. D. Avdachenok. "STUDYING SEDATIVE ACTIVITY OF COMBINED TINCTURE OF MOTHERWORT AND ST JOHN'S-WORT." Vestnik Farmacii 92, no. 2 (June 30, 2021): 59–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.52540/2074-9457.2021.2.59.

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The paper presents studying sedative activity of the combined tincture of motherwort and St. John's wort. The combined tincture of motherwort and St. John's wort was obtained by percolation method in a ratio 1:10. Standardization of the obtained tincture was carried out with quality indicators: description, content of active ingredients and ethanol, relative density, dry residue. According to all quality indicators, the tincture obtained met the requirements of the State Pharmacopoeia of the Republic of Belarus. Specific sedative activity of the combined tincture of motherwort and St. John's wort was assessed by barbiturates hypnotic effect prolongation (sodium thiopental), by the rate of falling asleep in animals and by animals staying in lateral position in relation to the control group to which sodium thiopental was injected. In the studies carried out it was found that injection of the combined tincture of motherwort and St. John's wort at a dose of 0,1 ml / kg increases sleep by 125,63% and also accelerates the process of falling asleep by 327,75% compared with the separate injection of motherwort and St. John's wort tincture at doses of 0,1 ml/kg. It was shown that the injection of the combined tincture of motherwort and St. John's wort at a dose of 0,1 ml/kg exhibits a potentiated effect and enhances the hypnotic effect of sodium thiopental administered at a dose of 10 mg/kg.

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26

Dasgupta, Amitava, Melissa Hovanetz, Margaret Olsen, Alice Wells, and Jeffrey K. Actor. "Drug-Herb Interaction: Effect of St John's Wort on Bioavailability and Metabolism of Procainamide in Mice." Archives of Pathology & Laboratory Medicine 131, no. 7 (July 1, 2007): 1094–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.5858/2007-131-1094-dieosj.

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Abstract Context.—St John's wort induces the activity of the cytochrome P450 enzyme system causing treatment failure because of increased metabolism of many drugs. Procainamide is metabolized by a different pathway to N-acetyl procainamide. Objective.—To study St John's wort–procainamide interaction using a mouse (Swiss Webster) model. Design.—One group of mice (group A, 4 mice in each group) was fed St John's wort each day for 2 weeks (last dose 1 day before administration of procainamide); another group (group B) received the same dose of St John's wort for 1 week. The third group (group C) received only a single dose 1 hour before administration of procainamide, and the control group (group D) received no St John's wort. All groups later received a single oral dose of procainamide. Blood was drawn 1, 4, and 24 hours after administration of procainamide and concentrations in serum of procainamide as well as N-acetyl procainamide were measured using immunoassays. Results.—The procainamide concentrations 1 hour after administration was highest in group C (mean, 11.59 μg/mL) followed by group A (9.92 μg/mL), whereas group B (7.44 μg/mL) and control group D (7.36 μg/mL) showed comparable values. The concentration in group C was significantly greater than the control group D (P = .03, 2-tailed independent t test). N-Acetyl procainamide concentrations and estimated half-life of procainamide among groups were comparable. In a separate experiment when mice were fed purified hypericin, the active component of St John's wort, a significant increase in bioavailability (53%) of procainamide was observed compared with the control group. Conclusions.—St John's wort has an acute effect to increase bioavailability of procainamide but has no effect on its metabolism.

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27

Vincenti, G. E. P. "St John's wort and ecstasy use." Psychiatric Bulletin 25, no. 4 (April 2001): 154. http://dx.doi.org/10.1192/pb.25.4.154-c.

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28

Cattanach, Angela, and Gregory Roberts. "Warfarin, St John's wort and INR." Australian Prescriber 39, no. 2 (April 1, 2016): 32–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.18773/austprescr.2016.025.

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29

JANCIN, BRUCE. "St. John's Wort Enhances Clopidogrel Response." Internal Medicine News 43, no. 10 (June 2010): 25. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s1097-8690(10)70522-9.

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30

JANCIN, BRUCE. "St. John's Wort Enhances Clopidogrel Response." Clinical Psychiatry News 38, no. 11 (November 2010): 50–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0270-6644(10)70464-1.

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31

Piscitelli, Stephen C., Aaron H. Burstein, Doreen Chaitt, Raul M. Alfaro, and Judith Falloon. "Indinavir concentrations and St John's wort." Lancet 355, no. 9203 (February 2000): 547–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0140-6736(99)05712-8.

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32

Crowe, Suzanne, and Kevin McKeating. "Delayed Emergence and St. John's Wort." Anesthesiology 96, no. 4 (April 1, 2002): 1025–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/00000542-200204000-00035.

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33

JANCIN, BRUCE. "St. John's Wort Reverses Clopidogrel Resistance." Internal Medicine News 38, no. 10 (May 2005): 47. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s1097-8690(05)70779-4.

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34

&NA;. "ST. JOHN'S WORT AND PROTEASE INHIBITORS." American Journal of Nursing 100, no. 4 (April 2000): 24NN. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/00000446-200004000-00028.

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35

Lieberman, Shari. "Treating Depression With St. John's Wort." Alternative and Complementary Therapies 4, no. 3 (June 1998): 163–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.1089/act.1998.4.163.

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36

Bennett, Dean A., Lisa Phun, Jeffrey F. Polk, Susan A. Voglino, Vladislau Zlotnik, and Robert B. Raffa. "Neuropharmacology of St. John's Wort (Hypericum)." Annals of Pharmacotherapy 32, no. 11 (November 1998): 1201–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1345/aph.18026.

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37

Werneke, D. U. "St John's Wort improves somatoform disorders." Evidence-Based Mental Health 8, no. 1 (February 1, 2005): 13. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/ebmh.8.1.13.

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38

Cheng, T. O. "St John's Wort Interaction With Digoxin." Archives of Internal Medicine 160, no. 16 (September 11, 2000): 2548. http://dx.doi.org/10.1001/archinte.160.16.2548.

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39

Mennini, T. "St John's Wort and Literature Quotations." Archives of Internal Medicine 161, no. 7 (April 9, 2001): 1016—a—1017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1001/archinte.161.7.1016-a.

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40

Brenner, Ronald. "St John's Wort and Major Depression." JAMA 286, no. 1 (July 4, 2001): 42. http://dx.doi.org/10.1001/jama.286.1.42.

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41

De Smet, P. A. G. M., and W. A. Nolen. "St John's wort as an antidepressant." BMJ 313, no. 7052 (August 3, 1996): 241–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/bmj.313.7052.241.

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42

Parker, Vivien, Al bert HC Wong, Heather S. Boon, and Mary V. Seeman. "Adverse Reactions to St John's Wort." Canadian Journal of Psychiatry 46, no. 1 (February 2001): 77–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/070674370104600112.

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43

Bhopal, JS. "St John's Wort-Induced Sexual Dysfunction." Canadian Journal of Psychiatry 46, no. 5 (June 2001): 456–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/070674370104600527.

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44

HALLER, C. "St John's wort, depression, and catecholamines." Clinical Pharmacology & Therapeutics 76, no. 5 (November 2004): 393–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.clpt.2004.08.004.

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45

Jager, Lowri S. De, Gracia A. Perfetti, and Gregory W. Diachenko. "Liquid Chromatographic Determination of St. John's Wort Components in Functional Foods." Journal of AOAC INTERNATIONAL 87, no. 5 (December 1, 2004): 1042–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/jaoac/87.5.1042.

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Abstract A method was developed for determination of St. John's wort marker compounds hypericin, pseudohypericin, hyperforin, and adhyperforin in functional foods. Solid-phase extraction provided analyte extraction and significant sample cleanup prior to analysis using liquid chromatography (LC) with UV and fluorescence detection. In addition to quantification using LC-UV, confirmation was made with electrospray ionization LC mass spectrometry (LC/MS). Several commercially available tea and drink products claiming to contain St. John's wort were tested. Recoveries ranged from 51 to 98% for the liquid samples. Comparison of the concentrations in 4 St. John's wort teas showed a variation in analyte concentration (1044–10 ng/mL marker compounds in brewed tea) and composition. No marker compounds were found in the beverages, indicating possible decomposition of the marker compounds caused by low pH and/or exposure to light. A solvent extraction procedure was developed for analysis of the marker compounds from solid samples. Analytes were detected at low. parts per million, with an average recovery of 75% No St. John's wort components were found in the 2 solid functional food samples analyzed.

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46

Nangia, Monica, Waqar Syed, and P. Murali Doraiswamy. "Efficacy and safety of St. John's wort for the treatment of major depression." Public Health Nutrition 3, no. 4a (December 2000): 487–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1368980000000562.

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AbstractObjectiveExtracts of St. John's wort have been widely used in the treatment of depression. Our aim was to review information related to the efficacy and safety of St. John's wort as an antidepressant.Data sourcesPrimary and review articles were identified by a search of Medline (1960 to February 2000) and through secondary sources.Study selectionAll the articles identified from the data sources were evaluated and all relevant information was included in this review. The pharmacokinetics, mechanism of action, efficacy, side effects and drug interactions of St. John's wort have been examined in various studies.ConclusionSt. John's wort is a promising investigational antidepressant, but the data are not yet sufficient to accept hypericum as a first line antidepressant preparation for treatment of depression. Besides the need for dose standardization and adequate trial lengths, there is a need for studies in severely depressed patients and long-term studies to assess the risk of relapse and recurrence.

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47

Snead, Tarolyn J., and Cherry W. Jackson. "St. John's Wort: A Review of an Herbal Antidepressant." Journal of Pharmacy Practice 12, no. 3 (June 1999): 210–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/089719009901200308.

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Hypericum perforatum, more commonly known as St. John's wort, is an herbal product that has been utilized as an antidepressant in Europe for many years. This product has become popular in the United States as an alternative to traditional antidepressants. Due to the fact that St. John's wort is not regulated by the Food and Drug Administration (FDA), many questions exist about the safety and efficacy of this product. This article will provide a review of the history, pharmacology, and safety profile of St. John' wort, as well as its efficacy in the treatment of major depressive disorder.

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48

Obratov-Petkovic, Dragica, Ivana Bjedov, and Snezana Belanovic. "The content of heavy metals in the leaves of Hypericum perforatum L. on serpentinite soils in Serbia." Bulletin of the Faculty of Forestry, no. 98 (2008): 143–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/gsf0898143o.

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St John's wort is one of the best known and used medicinal plants. The demands for St John's wort in Serbia is still supplied by the collection of native plants. Therefore it was necessary to examine the concentration of heavy metals in the soil and in plant material on serpentinites and to assess the potential safe harvesting and further utilisation of this plant species. The research was performed on three serpentinite sites in Serbia: Zlatibor, Divcibare and Goc. The main soil types were determined and the contents of 7 chemical elements were analyzed in the soil and in the plant material. It was determined that the soils of all three localities had increased concentrations of nickel, chromium and manganese. The St John's wort plant material (leaves) showed the increased concentrations of iron, nickel and chromium. It was concluded that St John's wort was a tolerant species regarding the heavy metal content, and it was recommended to avoid its harvesting on the investigated localities.

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49

Keinath, A. P., J. W. Rushing, and R. J. Dufault. "First Report of Southern Blight Caused by Sclerotium rolfsii on St.-John's-Wort." Plant Disease 83, no. 7 (July 1999): 696. http://dx.doi.org/10.1094/pdis.1999.83.7.696c.

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Interest in commercial production of common St.-John's-wort (Hypericum perforatum L.), an herb that is dried, processed, and used as an anti-depressant medication, is increasing. In August 1998, St.-John's-wort growing in the field at Charleston, SC, showed blight symptoms. Leaves on prostrate branches turned reddish-yellow, then brown, and then abscised. As the disease progressed, branches and approximately 10% of the plants were killed. Coarse, white mycelia were present on the bases of dead branches. Segments cut from symptomatic branches were disinfested in 0.5% sodium hypochlorite and placed on potato dextrose agar (PDA) at 25°C. Sclerotium rolfsii Sacc. was isolated from one of 12 branches with discolored leaves and six of six dead branches. For pathogenicity tests, sclerotia were harvested from 6-week-old cultures on PDA. Ten-week-old St.-John's-wort plants, growing in potting mix in 10-cm pots, were inoculated by placing four sclerotia on the soil surface 1 to 1.5 cm from the main stem of each plant. Plants were grown in a greenhouse at 90% relative humidity and 25 to 35°C. Single blighted branches were observed on three plants 12 days after inoculation and all plants were blighted 28 days after inoculation. S. rolfsii was recovered from 10 and 9 of 10 plants inoculated with isolates of S. rolfsii from St.-John's-wort and tomato, respectively. All 10 noninoculated plants remained symptomless. The pathogenicity test was repeated and the results were similar. This is the first report of S. rolfsii causing Southern blight on St.-John's-wort in the United States.

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Klier, Claudia M., Brigitte Schmid-Siegel, Miriam R. Schäfer, Gerhard Lenz, Alois Saria, Amy Lee, and Gerald Zernig. "St. John's Wort (Hypericum perforatum) and Breastfeeding." Journal of Clinical Psychiatry 67, no. 02 (February 15, 2006): 305–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.4088/jcp.v67n0219.

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