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Zhang, Ping, Mei Ling Li, Qian Han, and Guo Jun Li. "A Self-Study Harmony Search Algorithm for Optimization Problems." Advanced Materials Research 1006-1007 (August 2014): 1017–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.1006-1007.1017.
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A self-study harmony search (SSHS) algorithm for solving unconstrained optimization problems has presented in this paper . SSHS employs a novel self-study strategy to generate new solution vectors which can enhance accuracy and convergence rate of harmony search (HS) algorithm. SSHS algorithm as proposed, the harmony memory consideration rate (HMCR) is dynamically adapted to the changing of objective function value in the current harmony memory. a large number of experiments improved that SSHS has demonstrated stronger convergence and stability than original harmony search (HS) algorithm and its two improved algorithms (IHS and NGHS)
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PILLEROVÁ, M., M. PASTOREK, V. BORBÉLYOVÁ, V. RILJAK, K. FRICK, J. HODOSY, and L. TÓTHOVÁ. "Sex Steroid Hormones in Depressive Disorders as a Basis for New Potential Treatment Strategies." Physiological Research 71, Suppl. 2 (December 30, 2022): S187—S202. http://dx.doi.org/10.33549/physiolres.935001.
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The sex steroid hormones (SSHs) such as testosterone, estradiol, progesterone, and their metabolites have important organizational and activational impacts on the brain during critical periods of brain development and in adulthood. A variety of slow and rapid mechanisms mediate both organizational and activational processes via intracellular or membrane receptors for SSHs. Physiological concentrations and distribution of SSHs in the brain result in normal brain development. Nevertheless, dysregulation of hormonal equilibrium may result in several mood disorders, including depressive disorders, later in adolescence or adulthood. Gender differences in cognitive abilities, emotions as well as the 2-3 times higher prevalence of depressive disorders in females, were already described. This implies that SSHs may play a role in the development of depressive disorders. In this review, we discuss preclinical and clinical studies linked to SSHs and development of depressive disorders. Our secondary aim includes a review of up-to-date knowledge about molecular mechanisms in the pathogenesis of depressive disorders. Understanding these molecular mechanisms might lead to significant treatment adjustments for patients with depressive disorders and to an amelioration of clinical outcomes for these patients. Nevertheless, the impact of SSHs on the brain in the context of the development of depressive disorders, progression, and treatment responsiveness is complex in nature, and depends upon several factors in concert such as gender, age, comorbidities, and general health conditions.
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Yuan, Jiajia, Jinyun Guo, Yupeng Niu, Chengcheng Zhu, Zhen Li, and Xin Liu. "Denoising Effect of Jason-1 Altimeter Waveforms with Singular Spectrum Analysis: A Case Study of Modelling Mean Sea Surface Height over South China Sea." Journal of Marine Science and Engineering 8, no. 6 (June 10, 2020): 426. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/jmse8060426.
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Altimeter waveforms are usually contaminated due to nonmarine surfaces or inhomogeneous sea state conditions. The present work aimed to present how the singular spectrum analysis (SSA) can be used to reduce the noise level in Jason-1 altimeter waveforms to obtain SSA-denoised waveforms, improving the accuracy of a mean sea surface height (MSSH) model. Comparing the retracked sea surface heights (SSHs) by a 50% threshold retracker for the SSA-denoised waveforms with those for the raw waveforms, the results indicated that SSA allowed a noise reduction on Jason-1 waveforms, improving the accuracy of retracked SSHs. The MSSH model (called Model 1) over the South China Sea with a grid of 2′ × 2′ was established from the retracked SSHs of Jason-1 by the 50% threshold retracker for the SSA-denoised waveforms. Comparing Model 1 and Model 2 (established from the retracked SSHs by the 50% threshold retracker for the raw waveforms) with the CLS15 and DTU18 models in the South China Sea, it was found that the accuracy of Model 1 was higher than that of Model 2, which indicates that using SSA to reduce noise level in Jason-1 waveforms can effectively improve the accuracy of the MSSH model.
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Christodoulou, Magdalini, Timothy O'Hara, Andrew F. Hugall, Sahar Khodami, Clara F. Rodrigues, Ana Hilario, Annemiek Vink, and Pedro Martinez Arbizu. "Unexpected high abyssal ophiuroid diversity in polymetallic nodule fields of the northeast Pacific Ocean and implications for conservation." Biogeosciences 17, no. 7 (April 7, 2020): 1845–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/bg-17-1845-2020.
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Abstract. The largest and commercially appealing mineral deposits can be found in the abyssal sea floor of the Clarion-Clipperton Zone (CCZ), a polymetallic nodule province, in the NE Pacific Ocean, where experimental mining is due to take place. In anticipation of deep-sea mining impacts, it has become essential to rapidly and accurately assess biodiversity. For this reason, ophiuroid material collected during eight scientific cruises from five exploration licence areas within CCZ, one area being protected from mining (APEI3, Area of Particular Environmental Interest) in the periphery of CCZ and the DISturbance and re-COLonisation (DISCOL) Experimental Area (DEA), in the SE Pacific Ocean, was examined. Specimens were genetically analysed using a fragment of the mitochondrial cytochrome c oxidase subunit I (COI). Maximum-likelihood and neighbour-joining trees were constructed, while four tree-based and distance-based methods of species delineation (automatic barcode gap discovery, ABGD; barcode index numbers, BINs; general mixed Yule–coalescent, GMYC; multi-rate Poisson tree process, mPTP) were employed to propose secondary species hypotheses (SSHs) within the ophiuroids collected. The species delimitation analyses' concordant results revealed the presence of 43 deep-sea brittle star SSHs, revealing an unexpectedly high diversity and showing that the most conspicuous invertebrates in abyssal plains have been so far considerably underestimated. The number of SSHs found in each area varied from five (IFREMER area) to 24 (BGR (Federal Institute for Geosciences and Natural Resources, Germany) area) while 13 SSHs were represented by singletons. None of the SSHs were found to be present in all seven areas while the majority of species (44.2 %) had a single-area presence (19 SSHs). The most common species were Ophioleucidae sp. (Species 29), Amphioplus daleus (Species 2) and Ophiosphalma glabrum (Species 3), present in all areas except APEI3. The biodiversity patterns could be mainly attributed to particulate organic carbon (POC) fluxes that could explain the highest species numbers found in BGR (German contractor area) and UKSRL (UK Seabed Resources Ltd, UK contractor area) areas. The five exploration contract areas belong to a mesotrophic province, while conversely the APEI3 is located in an oligotrophic province, which could explain the lowest diversity as well as very low similarity with the other six study areas. Based on these results the representativeness and the appropriateness of APEI3 to meet its purpose of preserving the biodiversity of the CCZ fauna are questioned. Finally, this study provides the foundation for biogeographic and functional analyses that will provide insight into the drivers of species diversity and its role in ecosystem function.
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Guo, Jianhui, Tiyun Wu, Jada Anderson, Bradley F. Kane, Donald G. Johnson, Robert J. Gorelick, Louis E. Henderson, and Judith G. Levin. "Zinc Finger Structures in the Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type 1 Nucleocapsid Protein Facilitate Efficient Minus- and Plus-Strand Transfer." Journal of Virology 74, no. 19 (October 1, 2000): 8980–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/jvi.74.19.8980-8988.2000.
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ABSTRACT The nucleocapsid protein (NC) of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) has two zinc fingers, each containing the invariant metal ion binding residues CCHC. Recent reports indicate that mutations in the CCHC motifs are deleterious for reverse transcription in vivo. To identify reverse transcriptase (RT) reactions affected by such changes, we have probed zinc finger functions in NC-dependent RT-catalyzed HIV-1 minus- and plus-strand transfer model systems. Our approach was to examine the activities of wild-type NC and a mutant in which all six cysteine residues were replaced by serine (SSHS NC); this mutation severely disrupts zinc coordination. We find that the zinc fingers contribute to the role of NC in complete tRNA primer removal from minus-strand DNA during plus-strand transfer. Annealing of the primer binding site sequences in plus-strand strong-stop DNA [(+) SSDNA] to its complement in minus-strand acceptor DNA is not dependent on NC zinc fingers. In contrast, the rate of annealing of the complementary R regions in (−) SSDNA and 3′ viral RNA during minus-strand transfer is approximately eightfold lower when SSHS NC is used in place of wild-type NC. Moreover, unlike wild-type NC, SSHS NC has only a small stimulatory effect on minus-strand transfer and is essentially unable to block TAR-induced self-priming from (−) SSDNA. Our results strongly suggest that NC zinc finger structures are needed to unfold highly structured RNA and DNA strand transfer intermediates. Thus, it appears that in these cases, zinc finger interactions are important components of NC nucleic acid chaperone activity.
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Kapetanakis, Theodoros N., Ioannis O. Vardiambasis, Christos D. Nikolopoulos, Antonios I. Konstantaras, Trinh Kieu Trang, Duy Anh Khuong, Toshiki Tsubota, Ramazan Keyikoglu, Alireza Khataee, and Dimitrios Kalderis. "Towards Engineered Hydrochars: Application of Artificial Neural Networks in the Hydrothermal Carbonization of Sewage Sludge." Energies 14, no. 11 (May 21, 2021): 3000. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en14113000.
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Sewage sludge hydrochars (SSHs), which are produced by hydrothermal carbonization (HTC), offer a high calorific value to be applied as a biofuel. However, HTC is a complex processand the properties of the resulting product depend heavily on the process conditions and feedstock composition. In this work, we have applied artificial neural networks (ANNs) to contribute to the production of tailored SSHs for a specific application and with optimum properties. We collected data from the published literature covering the years 2014–2021, which was then fed into different ANN models where the input data (HTC temperature, process time, and the elemental content of hydrochars) were used to predict output parameters (higher heating value, (HHV) and solid yield (%)). The proposed ANN models were successful in accurately predicting both HHV and contents of C and H. While the model NN1 (based on C, H, O content) exhibited HHV predicting performance with R2 = 0.974, another model, NN2, was also able to predict HHV with R2 = 0.936 using only C and H as input. Moreover, the inverse model of NN3 (based on H, O content, and HHV) could predict C content with an R2 of 0.939.
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Ratkovich, N., C. C. V. Chan, P. R. Berube, and I. Nopens. "Analysis of shear stress and energy consumption in a tubular airlift membrane system." Water Science and Technology 64, no. 1 (July 1, 2011): 189–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/wst.2011.521.
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Application of a two-phase slug flow in side-stream membrane bioreactors (MBRs) has proven to increase the permeate flux and decrease fouling through a better control of the cake layer. Past literature has shown that the hydrodynamics near the membrane surface have an impact on the degree of fouling by imposing high shear stress near the surface of the membrane. Previously, shear stress histograms (SSH) have been introduced to summarize results from an experimental setup developed to investigate the shear stress imposed on the surface of a membrane under different two-phase flow conditions (gas and liquid) by varying the flow of each phase. Bimodal SSHs were observed, with peaks corresponding to the shear induced by the liquid and gas flow respectively. In this contribution, SSHs are modelled using simple empirical relationships. These are used to identify the two-phase flow conditions that optimize fouling control. Furthermore, the total energy consumption of the system was estimated based on the two-phase pressure drop. It was found that low liquid and high gas flow rates (ratio of approx. 4) balanced the peaks and minimized the energy consumption.
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Cruz, Miguel A., Mark E. Keim, Joshua G. Schier, Raul Gonzalez, Angel Valencia, and Jana L. Telfer. "Organizational and Command Aspects for Coordinating the Public Health Response to an Outbreak of Acute Renal Failure, Republic of Panama, 2006." Prehospital and Disaster Medicine 26, no. 3 (June 2011): 217–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1049023x11006340.
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AbstractThe Ministry of Health of Panama (MINSA) received several reports of ill persons who had clinical presentations of acute renal insufficiency or failure during September and October 2006. On 01 October 2006, the MINSA formally asked the Pan-American Health Organization (PAHO) and the US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) to assist with the investigation. Additional agencies involved in the response included the US Food and Drug Administration (FDA), the Gorgas Institute for Health Studies (GIHS), and the Social Security Health System (SSHS) of Panama. Through a joint effort, the MINSA, CDC, FDA, GIHS, SSHS, and PAHO were able to characterize the illness, identify the etiological agent, identify the population-at-risk, and launch an unprecedented media and social mobilization effort to prevent additional cases.International outbreak responses may require familiarity with basic emergency management principles beyond technical or scientific considerations. The management, logistical capabilities, team interaction, and efficiency of outbreak investigations can be enhanced substantially by having staff already familiar with common operational frameworks for incident responses. This report describes the inter-agency coordination and organizational structure implemented during an international response to identify the cause of an outbreak of acute renal failure in Panama.
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Kalina, Michael, Grigoriy Malyutin, and Michael L. Cooper. "A comparison of burn related injuries following the natural disaster Super Storm Hurricane Sandy to the National Burn Repository of the American Burn Association." Burns & Trauma 4 (January 13, 2016): 1–4. http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s41038-015-0025-5.
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Abstract Background Burn related injuries from natural disasters are not well described and natural disasters are not identified as an etiology of burn injury in the National Burn Repository (NBR) of the American Burn Association. The natural disaster Super Storm Hurricane Sandy had devastating effects. Our goal was to detail the burn related injuries following this natural disaster and to compare the data to the NBR. Methods This was a retrospective chart review of thirty four patients who sustained burn related injuries following Super Storm Hurricane Sandy (SSHS) and were managed at Staten Island University Hospital Burn Center. Institutional Review Board approval was obtained. Data variables included age, gender, race, past medical history (PMHx), burn type, percentage total body surface area (%TBSA), hospital length of stay (HLOS), and mortality. We compared data from SSHS to the 2003-2013 NBR. Categorical data were summarized using frequency counts, percentages and Clopper-Pearson 95 % confidence interval for proportion. Continuous outcome data were summarized by descriptive statistics. Data analyses performed with SAS® System Version 9.3 (SAS Institute Inc., Cary, NC) and p < 0.05 was significant. Results In the SSHS group, average age was 36 + 24 years, range 1-80 years, and 44.1 % were males (15/34, 95 % CI: 27.2 - 62.1). Caucasians comprised 58.8 %, (20/34, 95 % CI: 40.7, 75.4) and 73.5 % had no PMHx (25/34, 95 % CI: 55.6, 87.1). The most common burn type was scald, 55.9 %, (19/34, 95 % CI: 37.9, 72.8) and %TBSA ranged 1 %–47 %, average of 7 % + 12 %. The average HLOS was 13 + 26 days, range of 1–113 days. Mortality was 2.9 % (1/34, 95 % CI: 0.07–15). In comparison, the NBR reported an average age of 32 years and 69 % were males. Caucasians comprised 59.1 %. The most common burn type was flame, 43.2 % and the %TBSA ranged 1 %–9.9 %. HLOS ranged 8.4–10.2 days and mortality was 3.4 %. Conclusion We conclude that burn related injuries following a natural disaster differ as compared to those most commonly reported in the NBR.
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Machmud, Amir, and Irfan Alfaridzi Ramadhan. "High school learning outcomes: The effect of self-regulation, resilience, and family environment." Jurnal Cakrawala Pendidikan 41, no. 3 (October 12, 2022): 764–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.21831/cp.v41i3.43562.
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Inspired by the poor Economics learning outcomes of students in state senior high schools (SSHS) in Cianjur regency, this study aims to determine and analyze self-regulation mediating the effect of resilience and family environment on student learning outcomes. It employed an explanatory survey with questionnaires and observations to collect the data. The population of this study comprises all grade XI social science students of SSHSs in Cianjur Regency, while the sample members selected randomly include 223 students. The data collected was then analyzed by using multiple linear regression analysis with the mediator variable. The results likely show that (i) resilience and family environment are in the high category, while self-regulation and learning outcomes are in the medium category. (ii) Both resilience and family environment influence self-regulation, and (iii) resilience, family environment, and self-regulation affect learning outcomes. (iv) Resilience affects learning outcomes either directly or indirectly through self-regulation. (v) Family environment likely influences learning outcomes directly or indirectly through self-regulation. The results of this study imply that the concepts of resilience, family environment, and self-regulation are relevant and can estimate student learning outcomes.
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Funk, Chris C., and Andrew Hoell. "The Leading Mode of Observed and CMIP5 ENSO-Residual Sea Surface Temperatures and Associated Changes in Indo-Pacific Climate*." Journal of Climate 28, no. 11 (May 27, 2015): 4309–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.1175/jcli-d-14-00334.1.
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Abstract SSTs in the western Pacific Ocean have tracked closely with CMIP5 simulations despite recent hiatus cooling in the eastern Pacific. This paper quantifies these similarities and associated circulation and precipitation variations using the first global 1900–2012 ENSO-residual empirical orthogonal functions (EOFs) of 35 variables: observed SSTs; 28 CMIP5 SST simulations; Simple Ocean Data Assimilation (SODA) 25-, 70-, and 171-m ocean temperatures and sea surface heights (SSHs); and Twentieth Century Reanalysis, version 2 (20CRv2), surface winds and precipitation. While estimated independently, these leading EOFs across all variables fit together in a meaningful way, and the authors refer to them jointly as the west Pacific warming mode (WPWM). WPWM SST EOFs correspond closely in space and time. Their spatial patterns form a “western V” extending from the Maritime Continent into the extratropical Pacific. Their temporal principal components (PCs) have increased rapidly since 1990; this increase has been primarily due to radiative forcing and not natural decadal variability. WPWM circulation changes appear consistent with a Matsuno–Gill-like atmospheric response associated with an ocean–atmosphere dipole structure contrasting increased (decreased) western (eastern) Pacific precipitation, SSHs, and ocean temperatures. These changes have enhanced the Walker circulation and modulated weather on a global scale. An AGCM experiment and the WPWM of global boreal spring precipitation indicate significant drying across parts of East Africa, the Middle East, the southwestern United States, southern South America, and Asia. Changes in the WPWM have tracked closely with precipitation and the increase in drought frequency over the semiarid and water-insecure areas of East Africa, the Middle East, and southwest Asia.
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Zhu, Chengcheng, Jinyun Guo, Jiajia Yuan, Zhen Li, Xin Liu, and Jinyao Gao. "SDUST2021GRA: global marine gravity anomaly model recovered from Ka-band and Ku-band satellite altimeter data." Earth System Science Data 14, no. 10 (October 20, 2022): 4589–606. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/essd-14-4589-2022.
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Abstract. With the launch of altimetry satellites with different observation frequencies and different survey missions, it is necessary to integrate multi-satellites altimeter data to establish a new global marine gravity anomaly model. Based on Ka-band sea surface heights (SSHs) from SARAL/AltiKA and Ku-band SSHs from other satellites (including HY-2A) in geodetic missions and exact repeat missions, the global marine gravity anomaly model of SDUST2021GRA on a 1′ × 1′ grid is derived. Gridded deflections of vertical (DOV) are determined from along-track geoid gradients by the least squares collocation method, in which the noise variances of along-track geoid gradients are obtained by the iteration method for Ka-band geodetic mission and by the SSH crossover discrepancies for other altimetry missions. SDUST2021GRA is recovered from the gridded DOVs by the inverse Vening Meinesz formula, and analyzed by comparing with the recognized marine gravity anomaly models of DTU17 and SIO V30.1. Finally, the accuracy of SDUST2021GRA, DTU17, and SIO V30.1 is assessed by preprocessed shipborne gravity anomalies. In conclusion, the differences between SDUST2021GRA and recognized models are small, indicating the reliability of SDUST2021GRA. The differences are mainly concentrated between −5 and 5 mGal, which accounts for more than 95 % of the total number. Assessed by shipborne gravity, the accuracy of SDUST2021GRA is 2.37 mGal globally, which is higher than that of DTU17 (2.74 mGal) and SIO V30.1 (2.69 mGal). The precision advantage of SDUST2021GRA is mainly concentrated in offshore areas. HY-2A-measured altimeter data have an important role on gravity anomaly recovery in areas with complex coastlines and many islands. SDUST2021GRA is concluded to reach an international advanced level for the altimeter-derived marine gravity model, especially in the offshore area. The SDUST2021GRA model data are freely available at https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6668159 (Zhu et al., 2022).
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Xiao, Hong. "Effect of SSH1/SSH2 expression changes by shRNA in glioma cell lines on response to radiotherapy and cofilin-1 reactivation." Journal of Clinical Oncology 37, no. 15_suppl (May 20, 2019): e13505-e13505. http://dx.doi.org/10.1200/jco.2019.37.15_suppl.e13505.
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e13505 Background: Radiotherapy has become the most important treatment for malignant glioma following surgery. However, development of radioresistance in glioma cells limits therapeutic efficacy. The slingshot (SSH) family of phosphatases is a potent regulator of Cofilin-1 activation. Methods: We investigate the role of SSH1(slingshot protein phosphatase 1) and SSH2 in radioresistance via using shRNA to block SSH1/2 expression in U251 and U373 cells as well as established radioresistant U251 (RR-U251) and U373 (RR-U373) cells. Results: We found that both SSH1 and SSH2-shRNA efficiently sensitized glioma cells to radiation with a sensitization enhancement ratio (SER) of 1.01-1.73. In SSH1-silenced cells, the cell viability, migration, and invasion abilities following radiation were remarkably reduced and radiation induced cell apoptosis was markedly enhanced compared with control cells. While in SSH2-silenced cells, the alterations were not as significant. Furthermore, the result of Western-blot suggested that radiosensization of SSH1/SSH2 silencing was mediated by inhibiting reactivation of phosphorylated CFL-1. Conclusions: Our study demonstrated that SSH1 and SSH2 are valid radiosensitizing targets in not only normal glioma cells but radioresistant lines, suggesting a novel therapeutic strategy to improve the efficacy of radiotherapy in patients with glioma.
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Yang, Jung-A., Sooyoul Kim, Hajime Mase, and Nobuhito Mori. "PROJECTION OF FUTURE STORM SURGES AROUND THE KOREAN PENINSULA BASED ON LARGE ENSEMBLE CLIMATE EXPERIMENTS." Coastal Engineering Proceedings, no. 36 (December 30, 2018): 31. http://dx.doi.org/10.9753/icce.v36.risk.31.
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Projection of future storm surge height (SSH) based on results of ensemble climate experiments performed using a general climate model (hereafter, GCM) under future climate conditions is ready to start at the regional scale for disaster prevention against storm surge. However, there are limitation to estimate future SSHs with particular return periods which required in coastal structure design because of the lack of sample numbers of storm surge events on local scale. To obtain a large number of samples in localized catastrophic events, Mizuta et al. (2016) carried out an unprecedentedly large ensemble of climate simulations using a high-resolution global climate model over 5000 years. In this study, spatial pattern of storm surge values around the Korean Peninsula (hereafter, the KP) with 100-years return period are assessed based on the large ensemble experiments.
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Ivanov, L. M., C. A. Collins, and T. M. Margolina. "On quartet interactions in the California Current system." Nonlinear Processes in Geophysics 21, no. 4 (August 29, 2014): 887–900. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/npg-21-887-2014.
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Abstract. Sea surface height (SSH) altimetry observations for 1992 to 2009 off California are used to show that observed quasi-zonal jets were likely driven by near-resonance interactions between different scales of the flow. Quartet (modulational) instability dominated and caused non-local transfer of energy from waves and eddies to biannual oscillations and quasi-zonal jets. Two types of quartets were identified: those composed of scales corresponding to (a) quasi-zonal jets, annual and semiannual Rossby waves and mesoscale eddies, and (b) biannual oscillations, semiannual Rossby waves and mesoscale eddies. The spectral centroid regularly shifted into the domain of low-order modes. However, the spectrum of SSHs does not demonstrate a power behavior. This says that the classical inverse cascade is absent. For a case with bottom friction, quartet instability required the existence of a certain level of dissipativity in the flow.
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Sidorov, D. A. "PSEUDOCRANGONYX ELENAE, SP. N. (CRUSTACEA: AMPHIPODA: PSEUDOCRANGONYCTIDAE) FROM SHALLOW SUBTERRANEAN HABITATS (SSHs) OF EASTERN SIKHOTE-ALIN." Amurian Zoological Journal 3, no. 1 (2011): 3–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.33910/1999-4079-2011-3-1-3-10.
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Levenson, Jessica, Sara Goodkind, Sara Albert, Bryan Macuga, Dawn Golden, Clay Karadus, Edward Wehrer, and Elizabeth Miller. "281 Feasibility, Acceptability, and Preliminary Impact of a School-Based Sleep Promotion Program for Adolescents." Sleep 44, Supplement_2 (May 1, 2021): A113. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/sleep/zsab072.280.
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Abstract Introduction Poor sleep is common among adolescents and has been linked with school absenteeism. Though improved sleep has been associated with improved school outcomes, intervention programs for insufficient sleep are not standard in schools, few have used an individualized approach, and none have focused on youth with absenteeism. We conducted an open trial of the feasibility, acceptability, and initial impact of our school-based sleep promotion program among adolescents. Methods Participants included 8th and 9th grade students with mild absenteeism, insufficient sleep, and sleep timing shift on the School Sleep Habits Survey (SSHS). The program included a smartphone-based sleep diary and 1-2 tailored sessions with a school staff member. Participants completed baseline and follow-up research assessments. The sleep program focused on education about sleep; cognitive strategies targeting sleep beliefs; stimulus control; and regularization of sleep and wake. We descriptively report program feasibility, acceptability, and change in sleep duration. Results Of 33 participants approached by school staff, 12 agreed to participate and 10 completed the study. Seven participants had two program sessions and 5 participants had one program session. Sleep duration increased by 19 minutes across the entire week based on daily sleep diary, and by 31 minutes on weekdays on the SSHS. Most participants (89%) reported that the program was not a burden on their time, that the program length was just right (88%), and that they were likely to participate in research again (75%). While program feasibility was high, most youth (56%) rated program relevance as low or unknown. The most salient implementation barrier was the challenge of embedding the program into each school’s existing procedures. Conclusion A school-based sleep promotion program for adolescents with insufficient sleep and mild absenteeism is feasible, acceptable, and associated with improved sleep. An individualized approach, with sessions delivered by school staff, shows great promise for being feasible and clinically significant. Future work should focus on selecting a sample of youth with greater investment in the program to improve school attendance and implementing the program flexibly and with fidelity across schools. Support (if any) University of Pittsburgh Center for Interventions for Improve Community Health
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Lynes, John, Sebastian Rubino, Andrea Rogers, Sameh Gaballa, Hien D. Liu, John A. Arrington, Edwin Peguero, and James K. C. Liu. "Spontaneous Spinal Subdural Hematoma Secondary to Hemophilia A and Zanubrutinib." Journal of Neurological Surgery Reports 83, no. 01 (January 2022): e19-e22. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/a-1759-9841.
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AbstractSpontaneous spinal subdural hematomas (SSH) are rare occurrences that can occur most commonly secondary to vascular malformations or coagulopathies. Only a small fraction of spontaneous SSHs are caused by acquired coagulation disorders such as leukemia, hemophilia, and thrombocytopenia. This case report describes a patient with a history of Guillain–Barré syndrome (GBS), hemophilia A, and mantle cell lymphoma, on zanubrutinib therapy, a Bruton tyrosine kinase inhibitor associated with a risk of spontaneous hemorrhage. This patient developed a spontaneous spinal subdural hematoma, most likely due to the zanubrutinib therapy and exacerbated due to hemophilia. Treatment was delayed due to the patient's history of GBS that confounded the clinical diagnosis. This case is the first report of a spontaneous SSH in a patient on zanubrutinib, highlighting the need for a high index of suspicion for CNS hemorrhage in patients on Bruton's tyrosine kinase (BTK) inhibitor therapy.
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Lynes, John, Sebastian Rubino, Andrea Rogers, Sameh Gaballa, Hien D. Liu, John A. Arrington, Edwin Peguero, and James K. C. Liu. "Spontaneous Spinal Subdural Hematoma Secondary to Hemophilia A and Zanubrutinib." Journal of Neurological Surgery Reports 83, no. 01 (January 2022): e19-e22. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/s-0042-1744128.
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AbstractSpontaneous spinal subdural hematomas (SSH) are rare occurrences that can occur most commonly secondary to vascular malformations or coagulopathies. Only a small fraction of spontaneous SSHs are caused by acquired coagulation disorders such as leukemia, hemophilia, and thrombocytopenia. This case report describes a patient with a history of Guillain–Barré syndrome (GBS), hemophilia A, and mantle cell lymphoma, on zanubrutinib therapy, a Bruton tyrosine kinase inhibitor associated with a risk of spontaneous hemorrhage. This patient developed a spontaneous spinal subdural hematoma, most likely due to the zanubrutinib therapy and exacerbated due to hemophilia. Treatment was delayed due to the patient's history of GBS that confounded the clinical diagnosis. This case is the first report of a spontaneous SSH in a patient on zanubrutinib, highlighting the need for a high index of suspicion for CNS hemorrhage in patients on Bruton's tyrosine kinase (BTK) inhibitor therapy.
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Compagnucci, Lorenzo, Francesca Spigarelli, Paolo Passarini, Concetta Ferrara, Chiara Aleffi, and Sabrina Tomasi. "Promotion of local development and innovation by a social sciences and humanities based university: the case of the University of Macerata." AGRICOLTURA ISTITUZIONI MERCATI, no. 2 (January 2021): 77–107. http://dx.doi.org/10.3280/aim2018-002006.
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Phenomena associated with globalization, the spread of the knowledge economy and the challenges of sustainable development are all contributing to redefining the role of the university. In addition to the traditional first and second missions of education and research, universities have been taking on a third mission to bring socio-economic benefits to the local and national economy through technology transfer. The first part of this study briefly outlines the theoretical framework of the third mission and the emerging function of co-creation of initiatives to support social sustainability. Next, the study describes the approach adopted by the University of Macerata (UniMC), a university focused on Social Sciences and Humanities (SSHs). Since 2013, UniMC has undertaken specific actions to boost entrepreneurship through a humanistic approach towards local development. This paper describes six initiatives out of the many that UniMC has established: the Office for the Valorisation of Research - ILO and Placement; CreaHUB; LUCI, Laboratory for Humanism, Creativity and Innovation; IMpresa INaula; Mangia Locale; and #SMARTMARCA.
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Ivanov, L. M., C. A. Collins, and T. Margolina. "On modulation instability in a system of jets, waves and eddies off California." Nonlinear Processes in Geophysics Discussions 1, no. 1 (February 20, 2014): 97–129. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/npgd-1-97-2014.
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Abstract. SSH altimetry observations for 1992 to 2009 off Central and Southern California are used to show that observed quasi-zonal jets were likely driven by near-resonance interactions between different scales of the flow. Quartet (modulational) instability dominated and caused non-local transfer of energy from waves and eddies to bi-annual oscillations and quasi-zonal jets. The total number of quartets induced off California was approximately 10 times larger than the number of existing triads, and quartet amplitudes in general were larger than triad amplitudes. The spectral centroid regularly shifted into the domain of low-order modes. Local "negative" viscosity probably did not generate a classical inverse cascade because the spectrum of SSHs did not demonstrate power behavior. Two types of quartets were identified: (a) quasi-zonal jets, annual and semi-annual Rossby waves and eddies, and (b) bi-annual oscillations, semi-annual Rossby waves and eddies. For a case with bottom friction, quartet instability required the existence of a certain level of dissipativity in the flow.
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Yu, Lisan, and Michael J. McPhaden. "Ocean Preconditioning of Cyclone Nargis in the Bay of Bengal: Interaction between Rossby Waves, Surface Fresh Waters, and Sea Surface Temperatures*." Journal of Physical Oceanography 41, no. 9 (September 1, 2011): 1741–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.1175/2011jpo4437.1.
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Abstract An in-depth data analysis was conducted to understand the occurrence of a strong sea surface temperature (SST) front in the central Bay of Bengal before the formation of Cyclone Nargis in April 2008. Nargis changed its course after encountering the front and tracked along the front until making landfall. One unique feature of this SST front was its coupling with high sea surface height anomalies (SSHAs), which is unusual for a basin where SST is normally uncorrelated with SSHA. The high SSHAs were associated with downwelling Rossby waves, and the interaction between downwelling and surface fresh waters was a key mechanism to account for the observed SST–SSHA coupling. The near-surface salinity field in the bay is characterized by strong stratification and a pronounced horizontal gradient, with low salinity in the northeast. During the passage of downwelling Rossby waves, freshening of the surface layer was observed when surface velocities were southwestward. Horizontal convergence of freshwater associated with downwelling Rossby waves increased the buoyancy of the upper layer and caused the mixed layer to shoal to within a few meters of the surface. Surface heating trapped in the thin mixed layer caused the fresh layer to warm, whereas the increase in buoyancy from low-salinity waters enhanced the high SSHA associated with Rossby waves. Thus, high SST coincided with high SSHA. The dominant role of salinity in controlling high SSHA suggests that caution should be exercised when computing hurricane heat potential in the bay from SSHA. This situation is different from most tropical oceans, where temperature has the dominant effect on SSHA.
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Ika Rahayu, Mega Septiana, and Heru Kuswanto. "The effectiveness of the use of the Android-based Carom games comic integrated to discovery learning in improving critical thinking and mathematical representation abilities." Journal of Technology and Science Education 11, no. 2 (May 4, 2021): 270. http://dx.doi.org/10.3926/jotse.1151.
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This research aims to reveal the effectiveness of the use of the Android-based carom games comic integrated to discovery learning (MIKIMOM) in improving critical thinking and mathematical representation in the teaching of physics. It is quantitative research with the quasi experimental research design. It was conducted in two phases, with the first phase for empirical try out of the test and second phase for the application of MIKIMOM to reveal the effectiveness of the developed media in teaching. The empirical try out was conducted to 261 grade XI MIA students, while the application of the media was conducted to 32 grade X MIA students of State Senior High School (SSHS) 2 Banguntapan using the Power Points materials. The data were collected using a critical thinking and mathematical representation test which was valid and reliable according to the empirical testing. The data were analyzed using the QUEST program to see the validity and reliability of the test items, and the MANOVA test to see the effectiveness of the media. The research finding shows that MIKIMOM is effective in improving the critical thinking and mathematical representation of the students with the scores of 0.287 (large effect size) and 0.179 (medium effect size).
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Ren, Lin, Jingsong Yang, Xiao Dong, Yunhua Zhang, and Yongjun Jia. "Preliminary Evaluation and Correction of Sea Surface Height from Chinese Tiangong-2 Interferometric Imaging Radar Altimeter." Remote Sensing 12, no. 15 (August 4, 2020): 2496. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/rs12152496.
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In this study, we performed preliminary comparative evaluation and correction of two-dimensional sea surface height (SSH) data from the Chinese Tiangong-2 Interferometric Imaging Radar Altimeter (InIRA) with the goal of advancing its retrieval. Data from the InIRA were compared with one-dimensional SSH data from the traditional altimeters Jason-2, Saral/AltiKa, and Jason-3. Because the sea state bias (SSB) of distributed InIRA data has not yet been considered, consistency was maintained by neglecting the SSB for the traditional altimeters. The results of the comparisons show that the InIRA captures the same SSH trends as those obtained by traditional altimeters. However, there is a significant deviation between InIRA and traditional altimeter SSHs; consequently, systematic and parametric biases were analyzed. The parametric bias was found to be related to the incidence angles and a significant wave height. Upon correcting the two biases, the standard deviation significantly reduced to 8.1 cm. This value is slightly higher than those of traditional altimeters, which typically have a bias of ~7.0 cm. The results indicate that the InIRA is promising in providing a wide swath of SSH measurements. Moreover, we recommend that the InIRA retrieval algorithm should consider the two biases to improve SSH accuracy.
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Sinurat, Maya Eria, Bisman Nababan, Jonson Lumban Gaol, Henry Munandar Manik, and Nurul Hazrina Idris. "WAVEFORM CLASSIFICATION AND RETRACKING OF JASON-2 AND JASON-3 IN HALMAHERA SEA." Jurnal Teknologi 83, no. 3 (April 11, 2021): 107–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.11113/jurnalteknologi.v83.15125.
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The accuracy of sea surface heights (SSHs) estimation from satellite altimeters is strongly influenced by the microwave reflected signals (or waveforms). Waveforms in open oceans generally have ideal shapes following the Brown (1977) model. However, in coastal and shallow waters, the signals are disturbed by lands, thus resulting in complicated waveforms (non-Brown). Non-Brown waveforms produce inaccurate SSH estimations; therefore, specialized protocols such as waveform classification and retracking are crucial when attempting to produce accurate estimations. In this study, waveforms of Jason-2 and Jason-3 satellite altimeters in the Halmahera were classified and retracked using several algorithms, such as Offset Centre of Gravity (OCOG), Ice, Threshold, and Improved Threshold. The results showed that waveforms in the Halmahera Sea had ten generic classes with dominant class of the Browns. The validation results showed that all retrackers (except OCOG) had the value of correlations exceeding 0.75, and Root Mean Square Error (RMSE) smaller than 25 cm at a distance of 5-20 km from the land. The Threshold 10% was the most common retracker that appeared with the highest improvement percentage (IMP), meanwhile the Ice retracker consistently produced the best correlation (0.86) and the lowest RMSE (16cm). The retracking results showed that waveform retracking generally can improve SSH estimation accuracy from ocean (standard) retracker.
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Salah abo Ganim, Sondos Ali. "Exposure to Electronic Media and Its Influenceon Sleep among Jewish and Arab Adolescents." Studia Edukacyjne, no. 46 (January 19, 2020): 451–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.14746/se.2017.46.29.
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Sleep is important to physical and mental development. Studies show that adolescents suffer from electronic media exposure-related inadequate and non-quality sleep. In Israel, traditional, conserva-tive Arab society is undergoing a modernization process with exposure to the Western lifestyle and Israeli Jewish culture. This comparative cross-sectional study compared electronic media exposure’s impact on sleep in secular Jewish and Arab society in Israel, involving 229 middle and high school adolescents, 118 Arabs and 111 Jews. Research tools were the School Sleep Habits Survey (SSHS) and a sociodemographic questionnaire. Jewish adolescents are more exposed to electronic media than are Arab adolescents only during mid-week. Weak but significantcorrelations were found between late night use of electronic media and sleep duration; increased exposure to television (r = -0.17, p = .01), mobile telephone r = -0.21, p = .002), and tablet (r = -0.14, p = .02) related to shorter sleep duration and longer sleep latency mid-week in both groups and later weekend wake-up time. Arab adolescents are sleepier during the day and have more sleep-related behavior problems. As electronic media exposure rises, sleep duration shortens, and sleep time is postponed in both cultures. Exposure to electronic media is higher among Jewish adolescents. Boys sleep longer than girls during the week (a difference of nearly an hour).
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Pervez, Syed Atif, Milad Madinehei, and Nima Moghimian. "Graphene in Solid-State Batteries: An Overview." Nanomaterials 12, no. 13 (July 5, 2022): 2310. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/nano12132310.
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Solid-state batteries (SSBs) have emerged as a potential alternative to conventional Li-ion batteries (LIBs) since they are safer and offer higher energy density. Despite the hype, SSBs are yet to surpass their liquid counterparts in terms of electrochemical performance. This is mainly due to challenges at both the materials and cell integration levels. Various strategies have been devised to address the issue of SSBs. In this review, we have explored the role of graphene-based materials (GBM) in enhancing the electrochemical performance of SSBs. We have covered each individual component of an SSB (electrolyte, cathode, anode, and interface) and highlighted the approaches using GBMs to achieve stable and better performance. The recent literature shows that GBMs impart stability to SSBs by improving Li+ ion kinetics in the electrodes, electrolyte and at the interfaces. Furthermore, they improve the mechanical and thermal properties of the polymer and ceramic solid-state electrolytes (SSEs). Overall, the enhancements endowed by GBMs will address the challenges that are stunting the proliferation of SSBs.
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Shao, Caixia, Weimin Zhang, Chunjian Sun, Xinmin Chai, and Zhimin Wang. "Statistical Prediction of the South China Sea Surface Height Anomaly." Advances in Meteorology 2015 (2015): 1–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2015/907313.
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Based on the simple ocean data assimilation (SODA) data, this study analyzes and forecasts the monthly sea surface height anomaly (SSHA) averaged over South China Sea (SCS). The approach to perform the analysis is a time series decomposition method, which decomposes monthly SSHAs in SCS to the following three parts: interannual, seasonal, and residual terms. Analysis results demonstrate that the SODA SSHA time series are significantly correlated to the AVISO SSHA time series in SCS. To investigate the predictability of SCS SSHA, an exponential smoothing approach and an autoregressive integrated moving average approach are first used to fit the interannual and residual terms of SCS SSHA while keeping the seasonal part invariant. Then, an array of forecast experiments with the start time spanning from June 1977 to June 2007 is performed based on the prediction model which integrates the above two models and the time-independent seasonal term. Results indicate that the valid forecast time of SCS SSHA of the statistical model is about 7 months, and the predictability of SCS SSHA in Spring and Autumn is stronger than that in Summer and Winter. In addition, the prediction skill of SCS SSHA has remarkable decadal variability, with better phase forecast in 1997–2007.
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Liu, Lianxi, Yu Shang, Jiangwei Cheng, and Zhangming Zhu. "An Efficient Interface Circuit for Miniature Piezoelectric Energy Harvesting with P-SSHC." Journal of Circuits, Systems and Computers 29, no. 08 (October 4, 2019): 2020004. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0218126620200042.
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A miniature and high-efficiency interface circuit based on parallel synchronous switch harvesting on capacitors (P-SSHC) for piezoelectric energy harvesting (PEH) is proposed in this paper. This interface circuit consists of a two-stage synchronous rectifier and the P-SSHC circuit. The two-stage synchronous rectifier, composed of a negative voltage converter (NVC) and an active diode (AD), achieves higher efficiency compared with the full-bridge rectifier (FBR). In addition, the two-stage synchronous rectifier detects the zero-crossing moment of the input current; therefore, an extra current zero-crossing detection circuit is eliminated, which simplifies the structure of the interface circuit, reduces power consumption and improves peak converting efficiency. The P-SSHC circuit aims to improve the power extraction capability of the rectifier. The P-SSHC achieves considerable voltage flipping efficiency with very small volume compared to the parallel synchronized switch harvesting on inductor (P-SSHI), which is more suitable for volume sensitive applications. The proposed interface circuit is designed in SMIC 0.35[Formula: see text][Formula: see text]m CMOS process. Simulation results show that it achieves a [Formula: see text] output power improvement compared with FBR for the case of a 3.4[Formula: see text]V open-circuit voltage, the voltage flipping efficiency is as high as 83.6% and the peak power converting efficiency is up to 91.5%. The overall volume of the capacitors used in this paper is only 0.6[Formula: see text]mm3, which is much smaller than the inductor used by conventional P-SSHI interface circuit.
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Igbokwe, D., B. A. Ola, A. Odebunmi, A. M. Gesinde, A. A. Alao, J. Agbu, and R. J. E. Ndom. "Influence of fatigue on adolescents sleep habits in Nigeria." European Psychiatry 33, S1 (March 2016): S352. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.eurpsy.2016.01.1251.
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IntroductionAdolescents in Nigeria tend to report feelings of mental, physical and general fatigue without having correspondingly exerted themselves to trigger this. This tiredness has been observed to also affect their sleep habits.AimWe set out to investigate how the report of tiredness by in-school adolescents tends to affect their sleep habits both on weekdays and weekends.MethodsThe Tripartite Fatigue Scale (TFS) and a modified version of the School Sleep Habits Survey (SSHS) were administered on 606 (272 males and 334 females) secondary school adolescents in Lagos and Ogun states of Nigeria aged between 12–19 years (χ2 = 15.24; SD = 1.42) in their classrooms.ResultsA multivariate analysis of variance (MANOVA) was used to analyse the effect of fatigue on the sleep habits of adolescents. The result shows that fatigue significantly affects the sleep habits of adolescents during weekends and weekdays, F (3, 602) = 20.068, P ≤ 0.01; Pillai's Trace = 0.91, partial η2 = 0.91. The adolescents also reported general inadequate sleep (χ2 = 6.29 SD = 2.32), less than the required amount of adequate sleep their age. Additional Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) result showed that fatigue significantly affected the students self-reported grade F (3, 605) = 5.32, P = 0.01.ConclusionsThe present study has empirically highlighted that the consistent complaint of tiredness by secondary school adolescents in Nigeria emanates from fatigue marked mostly by insufficient sleep.Disclosure of interestThe authors have not supplied their declaration of competing interest.
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De-Leon, Yair, and Nathan Paldor. "Trapped planetary (Rossby) waves observed in the Indian Ocean by satellite borne altimeters." Ocean Science 13, no. 3 (June 22, 2017): 483–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/os-13-483-2017.
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Abstract. Using 20 years of accurately calibrated, high-resolution observations of sea surface height anomalies (SSHAs) by satellite borne altimeters, we show that in the Indian Ocean south of the Australian coast the low-frequency variations of SSHAs are dominated by westward propagating, trapped, i.e., non-harmonic, Rossby (Planetary) waves. Our results demonstrate that the meridional-dependent amplitudes of the SSHAs are large only within a few degrees of latitude next to the southern Australian coast while farther in the ocean they are uniformly small. This meridional variation of the SSHA signal is typical of the amplitude structure in the trapped wave theory. The westward propagation speed of the SSHA signal is analyzed by employing three different methods of estimation. Each one of these methods yields speed estimates that can vary widely between adjacent latitudes but the combination of at least two of the three methods yields much smoother variation. The estimates obtained in this manner show that the observed phase speeds at different latitudes exceed the phase speeds of harmonic Rossby (planetary) waves by 140 to 200 % (which was also reported in previous studies). In contrast, the theory of trapped Rossby (planetary) waves in a domain bounded by a wall on its equatorward side yields phase speeds that approximate more closely the observed phase speeds in the study area.
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Blauberger, Patrick, Robert Marzilger, and Martin Lames. "Validation of Player and Ball Tracking with a Local Positioning System." Sensors 21, no. 4 (February 20, 2021): 1465. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s21041465.
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The aim of this study was the validation of player and ball position measurements of Kinexon’s local positioning system (LPS) in handball and football. Eight athletes conducted a sport-specific course (SSC) and small sided football games (SSG), simultaneously tracked by the LPS and an infrared camera-based motion capture system as reference system. Furthermore, football shots and handball throws were performed to evaluate ball tracking. The position root mean square error (RMSE) for player tracking was 9 cm for SSCs, the instantaneous peak speed showed a percentage deviation from the reference system of 0.7–1.7% for different exercises. The RMSE for SSGs was 8 cm. Covered distance was overestimated by 0.6% in SSCs and 1.0% in SSGs. The 2D RMSE of ball tracking was 15 cm in SSGs, 3D position errors of shot and throw impact locations were 17 cm and 21 cm. The methodology for the validation of a system’s accuracy in sports tracking requires extensive attention, especially in settings covering both, player and ball measurements. Most tracking errors for player tracking were smaller or in line with errors found for comparable systems in the literature. Ball tracking showed a larger error than player tracking. Here, the influence of the positioning of the sensor must be further reviewed. In total, the accuracy of Kinexon’s LPS has proven to represent the current state of the art for player and ball position detection in team sports.
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Wardell, Suzanne E., Erik R. Nelson, Christina A. Chao, Holly M. Alley, and Donald P. McDonnell. "Evaluation of the pharmacological activities of RAD1901, a selective estrogen receptor degrader." Endocrine-Related Cancer 22, no. 5 (October 2015): 713–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.1530/erc-15-0287.
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Endocrine therapy, using tamoxifen or an aromatase inhibitor, remains a first-line treatment for estrogen receptor 1 (ESR1) positive breast cancer. However, tumor resistance limits the duration of response. The clinical efficacy of fulvestrant, a selective ER degrader (SERD) that triggers receptor degradation, has confirmed that ESR1 often remains engaged in endocrine therapy resistant cancers. Recently developed, selective ER modulators (SERMs)/SERD hybrids (SSHs) that facilitate ESR1 degradation in breast cancer cells and reproductive tissues have been advanced as an alternative treatment for advanced breast cancer, particularly in the metastatic setting. RAD1901 is one SSH currently being evaluated clinically that is unique among ESR1 modulators in that it readily enters the brain, a common site of breast cancer metastasis. In this study, RAD1901 inhibited estrogen activation of ESR1in vitroandin vivo, inhibited estrogen-dependent breast cancer cell proliferation and xenograft tumor growth, and mediated dose-dependent downregulation of ESR1 protein. However, doses of RAD1901 insufficient to induce ESR1 degradation were shown to result in the activation of ESR1 target genes and in the stimulation of xenograft tumor growth. RAD1901 is an SSH that exhibits complex pharmacology in breast cancer models, having dose-dependent agonist/antagonist activity displayed in a tissue-selective manner. It remains unclear how this unique pharmacology will impact the utility of RAD1901 for breast cancer treatment. However, being the only SERD currently known to access the brain, RAD1901 merits evaluation as a targeted therapy for the treatment of breast cancer brain metastases.
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Fujii, Yushiro, Kenji Satake, Shingo Watada, and Tung-Cheng Ho. "Re-examination of Slip Distribution of the 2004 Sumatra–Andaman Earthquake (Mw 9.2) by the Inversion of Tsunami Data Using Green’s Functions Corrected for Compressible Seawater Over the Elastic Earth." Pure and Applied Geophysics 178, no. 12 (November 22, 2021): 4777–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00024-021-02909-6.
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AbstractWe re-examined the slip distribution on faults of the 2004 Sumatra–Andaman (M 9.1 according to USGS) earthquake by the inversion of tsunami data with phase-corrected Green’s functions applied to linear long waves. The correction accounts for the effects of compressibility of seawater, elasticity of solid earth, and gravitational potential variation associated with the motion of mass to reproduce the delayed arrivals and the reversed phase of the first tsunami waves. We used sea surface height (SSH) data from satellite altimetry (SA) measurements along five tracks, and the tsunami waveforms recorded at tide gauges (TGs) and ocean bottom pressure gauges (OBPGs) in and around the Indian Ocean. The inversion results for both data sets for different rupture velocities (Vr) show that the reproducibility of the spatiotemporal SSHs and tsunami waveforms is improved by the phase corrections, although the effects are not so significant within the Indian Ocean. The best slip distribution model from joint inversion of SA, TG and OBPG data with Vr of 1.3 km/s shows the largest slips of 16–25 m off Sumatra Island, large slips of 2–11 m off the Nicobar Islands, and moderate slips of 2–6 m in the Andaman Islands. The inversion results reproduce the far-field tsunami waveforms well at distant stations even more than 13,000–25,000 km from the epicenter. The total source length is about 1400 km and the seismic moment is Mw 9.2, longer and larger than that of our previous estimates based on TG records.
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Igbokwe, D., B. A. Ola, A. Odebunmi, M. A. Gesinde, A. Alao, J. Agbu, R. J. E. Ndom, S. O. Adeusi, O. A. Adekeye, and B. C. E. Agoha. "Sleep disorders among adolescents in Nigeria: The development of an assessment instrument (Sleep Disorders in Nigeria Questionnaire [SDINQ])." European Psychiatry 33, S1 (March 2016): s267. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.eurpsy.2016.01.700.
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IntroductionNigerian adolescents report various sleep disorders metaphorically based on the local/native description of such disorders. Hence, it is sometimes difficult for clinicians without a good grasp of the nuance in their description to understand their presentation.AimTo develop a culturally relevant (Nigerian) instrument for assessing sleep disorders.MethodsOne thousand two hundred and twenty-seven Nigerian Secondary School adolescents (634 males and 593 females) between 12–19 years with mean age of 15.20 (SD = 1.5) were administered a 44 item instrument developed following the DSM (V), American Association of Sleep Medicine's International Classification of Sleep Disorders (ICSD, 2005) criteria, and case reports of sleep disorders. The data was subjected to a Principal Component Analysis using Varimax rotation.ResultTen factors instead of the original eleven factors suggested by the authors emerged in the analysis and on closer examination and in juxtaposition with cultural nuances, it was found the ten factors were in line with what is generally reported by adolescents. Sleep walking disorders and sleep related movement disorders loaded in one factor labelled sleep movement disorders, while items representing non restorative sleep experiences, sleep talking, sleep paralysis, sleep apnea, circadian rhythm sleep disorder, narcolepsy, insomnia, sleep terror disorder and nightmare disorder loaded on their individual factors. The SDINQ showed a Cronbach Alpha of .916 and a good correlation with subscales of the School Sleep Habits Survey (SSHS).ConclusionsThe SDINQ has been found to be a valid and reliable instrument for assessing the presence of sleep disorders among adolescents in Nigeria.Disclosure of interestThe authors have not supplied their declaration of competing interest.
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Thompson, Simon T., Patricia H. Smith, and Tien Q. Duong. "(Invited) U.S. DOE Lithium Metal Solid-State Battery R&D." ECS Meeting Abstracts MA2022-02, no. 4 (October 9, 2022): 380. http://dx.doi.org/10.1149/ma2022-024380mtgabs.
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Decarbonizing transportation through electrification requires less expensive, higher energy density batteries made from earth-abundant materials to displace internal combustion engines. Suitable solid-state electrolytes (SSEs) that facilitate lithium metal anodes by blocking Li dendrite formation represent a promising pathway to high-energy density cells. In a similar manner, SSEs that block the polysulfide shuttle could facilitate sulfur cathodes with even higher energy density that avoid issues of critical materials and supply chain constraints coupled to transition metal oxide-based cathodes. Interest in solid-state batteries has increased rapidly in recent years. There are examples of solid-state batteries (SSBs) in commercial automotive applications; however, achieving wider adoption requires SSBs operating without the need for heating or excessive applied cell pressure. Several solid-state electrolyte chemistries (e.g., sulfides, ceramics, polymers, halides) are under development, but key issues remain unresolved in the case of each electrolyte chemistry. The U.S. Department of Energy Vehicle Technologies Office supports R&D encompassing all of these candidate electrolytes for solid-state batteries through the Advanced Battery Materials Research program. The R&D portfolio prioritizes: improving electrolytes through modified composition or synthesis to increase room-temperature Li+ conductivity and mitigate Li dendrite penetration; improving interfaces to address chemical or electrochemical reactivity, to decrease impedance, and to improve Li plating and stripping; and improving suitability for high-volume manufacturing of solid-state lithium metal batteries by improving mechanical properties and demonstrating thin, defect-free, large-area SSE layers. This presentation comprises solid-state lithium metal battery R&D priorities and accomplishments in the context of meeting DOE targets for energy density, cycle life, and cost. It will also emphasize the importance of SSBs to U.S. DOE strategy for increasing domestic lithium-based battery manufacturing and securing the U.S. position in next-generation battery innovation.
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Parker, W. J., and S. N. McCutcheon. "Effect of sward height on herbage intake and production of ewes of different rearing rank during lactation." Journal of Agricultural Science 118, no. 3 (June 1992): 383–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0021859600070751.
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SUMMARYGroups of six single- and six twin-rearing ewes were continuously stocked on five pastures with sward surface heights (SSHs) of 3·5, 5·0, 6·0, 7·0 and 8·5 cm from week l until week ll of lactation. Herbage intake, estimated from faecal chromium concentrations and the in vitro digestibility of herbage samples collected from oesophageal-fistulated wethers, was lowest on the 3·5 cm sward but was not significantly different between SSH treatments during weeks 5, 8 and 9 of lactation. Twin-rearing ewes consumed 0·9–17·6% more herbage than single-rearing ewes did. By week ll, ewe liveweights showed increases of 2–4 kg/ewe on all except the 3·5 cm sward, where the ewes lost a similar amount of liveweight. From week 4 of lactation, twin-rearing ewes had a lower body condition than ewes raising a single lamb on all except the 3·5 cm sward, where the body condition of both rearing ranks was similar. Lamb growth rates during the first 6 weeks were similar for each SSH treatment but from days 46–76 of lactation, lambs on the 5·0 cm and longer swards grew faster (240 g/day) than those on the 3·5 cm sward (197 g/day). Lamb weight on day 76 ranged from 21·5 kg on the 3·5 cm sward to 23·0 kg on the 5·0 cm sward, but was not significantly affected by SSH. Similarly, midside wool growth of ewes and lambs was not significantly influenced by SSH during the period of continuous stocking. The results indicate that farmers should aim to provide swards of 5–7 cm height during lactation to maximize production in both single- and twin-rearing ewes.
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Chhak, Kettyah C., Emanuele Di Lorenzo, Niklas Schneider, and Patrick F. Cummins. "Forcing of Low-Frequency Ocean Variability in the Northeast Pacific*." Journal of Climate 22, no. 5 (March 1, 2009): 1255–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.1175/2008jcli2639.1.
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Abstract An ocean model is used to examine and compare the forcing mechanisms and underlying ocean dynamics of two dominant modes of ocean variability in the northeast Pacific (NEP). The first mode is identified with the Pacific decadal oscillation (PDO) and accounts for the most variance in model sea surface temperatures (SSTs) and sea surface heights (SSHs). It is characterized by a monopole structure with a strong coherent signature along the coast. The second mode of variability is termed the North Pacific Gyre Oscillation (NPGO). This mode accounts for the most variance in sea surface salinities (SSSs) in the model and in long-term observations. While the NPGO is related to the second EOF of the North Pacific SST anomalies (the Victoria mode), it is defined here in terms of SSH anomalies. The NPGO is characterized by a pronounced dipole structure corresponding to variations in the strengths of the eastern and central branches of the subpolar and subtropical gyres in the North Pacific. It is found that the PDO and NPGO modes are each tied to a specific atmospheric forcing pattern. The PDO is related to the overlying Aleutian low, while the NPGO is forced by the North Pacific Oscillation. The above-mentioned climate modes captured in the model hindcast are reflected in satellite altimeter data. A budget reconstruction is used to study how the atmospheric forcing drives the SST and SSH anomalies. Results show that the basinwide SST and SSS anomaly patterns associated with each mode are shaped primarily by anomalous horizontal advection of mean surface temperature and salinity gradients (∇ Tand ∇ S) via anomalous surface Ekman currents. This suggests a direct link of these modes with atmospheric forcing and the mean ocean circulation. Smaller-scale patterns in various locations along the coast and in the Gulf of Alaska are, however, not resolved with the budget reconstructions. Vertical profiles of the PDO and NPGO indicate that the modes are strongest mainly in the upper ocean down to 250 m. The shallowness of the modes, the depth of the mean mixed layer, and wintertime temperature profile inversions contribute to the sensitivity of the budget analysis in the regions of reduced reconstruction skill.
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Chen, Gengxin, Weiqing Han, Yuanlong Li, Michael J. McPhaden, Ju Chen, Weiqiang Wang, and Dongxiao Wang. "Strong Intraseasonal Variability of Meridional Currents near 5°N in the Eastern Indian Ocean: Characteristics and Causes." Journal of Physical Oceanography 47, no. 5 (May 2017): 979–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.1175/jpo-d-16-0250.1.
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AbstractThis paper reports on strong, intraseasonal, upper-ocean meridional currents observed in the Indian Ocean between the Bay of Bengal (BOB) and the equator and elucidates the underlying physical processes responsible for them. In situ measurements from a subsurface mooring at 5°N, 90.5°E reveal strong intraseasonal variability of the meridional current with an amplitude of ~0.4 m s−1 and a typical period of 30–50 days in the upper 150 m, which by far exceeds the magnitudes of the mean flow and seasonal cycle. Such prominent intraseasonal variability is, however, not seen in zonal current at the same location. Further analysis suggests that the observed intraseasonal flows are closely associated with westward-propagating eddylike sea surface height anomalies (SSHAs) along 5°N. The eddylike SSHAs are largely manifestations of symmetric Rossby waves, which result primarily from intraseasonal wind stress forcing in the equatorial waveguide and reflection of the equatorial Kelvin waves at the eastern boundary. Since the wave signals are generally symmetric about the equator, similar variability is also seen at 5°S but with weaker intensity because of the inclined coastline at the eastern boundary. The Rossby waves propagate westward, causing pronounced intraseasonal SSHA and meridional current in the upper ocean across the entire southern BOB between 84° and 94°E. They greatly weaken in the western Indian Basin, but zonal currents near the equator remain relatively strong.
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De-Leon, Yair, and Nathan Paldor. "Commonly used methods fail to detect known propagation speeds of simulated signals from time–longitude (Hovmöller) diagrams." Ocean Science 15, no. 6 (December 3, 2019): 1593–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/os-15-1593-2019.
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Abstract. This work examines the accuracy and validity of two variants of Radon transform and two variants of the two-dimensional fast Fourier transform (2-D FFT) that have been previously used for estimating the propagation speed of oceanic signals such as sea surface height anomalies (SSHAs) derived from satellite-borne altimeters based on time–longitude (Hovmöller) diagrams. The examination employs numerically simulated signals made up of 20 or 50 modes where one, randomly selected, mode has a larger amplitude than the uniform amplitude of the other modes. Since the dominant input mode is known ab initio, we can clearly define “success” in detecting its phase/propagation speed. We show that all previously employed variants fail to detect the phase speed of the dominant input mode when its amplitude is smaller than 5 times the amplitude of the other modes and that they successfully detect the phase speed of the dominant input mode only when its amplitude is at least 10 times the amplitude of the other modes. This requirement is an unrealistic limitation on oceanic observations such as SSHA. In addition, three of the variant methods detect a dominant mode even when all modes have the exact same amplitude. The accuracy with which the four methods identify a dominant input mode decreases with the increase in the number of modes in the signal. Our findings are relevant to the reliability of phase speed estimates of SSHA observations and the reported “too fast” a phase speed of baroclinic Rossby waves in the ocean.
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Yang, Guang, Ethan Self, Teerth Brahmbhatt, Anna Mills, Wan-Yu Tsai, Daniel Hallinan, Xi Chen, Frank Delnick, and Jagjit Nanda. "Development of Argyrodite-Based Sulfide Electrolytes for Next-Generation Solid-State Li Batteries." ECS Meeting Abstracts MA2022-02, no. 4 (October 9, 2022): 537. http://dx.doi.org/10.1149/ma2022-024537mtgabs.
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Advances in solid electrolytes (SEs) with superionic conductivity and stabilized electrode-electrolyte interfaces are key enablers for all-solid-state batteries (SSBs) to meet the energy density and cost targets for next-generation batteries for electric vehicles. Argyrodite sulfide-based electrolytes with the nominal composition Li6PS5X; where X= Cl and/or Br, I provide several key advantages over other types of SE counterparts, including (i) exceptionally high ionic conductivities up to 10-2 S/cm at room temperature (comparable to nonaqueous liquid electrolytes), (ii) availability of low temperature and inexpensive synthesis routes to produce glass, glass-ceramic, and crystalline structures, and (iii) soft mechanical properties facilitating material processing and solid-state battery (SSB) fabrication. Several key challenges exist for the practical use of the argyrodite sulfide-based electrolyte in an SSB: (i) scale-up synthesis to produce phase-pure materials, (ii) rationale processing method development to produce free-standing thin film SSEs, and (iii) identifying buried interfacial side-reaction products at the electrode/electrolyte interfaces using advanced characterization tools. In this talk, we will present our recent achievements focusing on tackling each of these challenges, including (i) solution-based synthesis of Li6PS5X; (ii) optimizing binder, slurry composition, and processing method to make Li6PS5X thin film (<50 µm) SSEs, and (iii) combining in-situ Raman spectroscopy and microscopy with complementary electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) to explore electrode/ Li6PS5X interfacial stability. Acknowledgment This research conducted at Oak Ridge National Laboratory, managed by UT Battelle, LLC, for the U.S. Department of Energy (DOE) is sponsored by the Office of Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy (EERE) in the Vehicle Technologies Office (VTO) through the Advanced Battery Materials Research (BMR) Program.
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Bistri, Donald, and Claudio V. Di Leo. "A Thermodynamically Consistent, Phase-Field Electro-Chemo-Mechanical Theory with Account for Damage in Solids: Application to Metal Filament Growth in Solid-State Batteries." ECS Meeting Abstracts MA2022-02, no. 4 (October 9, 2022): 523. http://dx.doi.org/10.1149/ma2022-024523mtgabs.
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Solid-state batteries (SSBs) present a promising technology and have attracted significant research attention owing to their superior properties including increased energy density (3860 mAh), wider electrochemical window (0-5V) and safer electrolyte design. From a safety standpoint, SSBs are particularly appealing in that replacement of flammable conventional organic electrolytes with highly conductive, mechanically stiff inorganic solid-state electrolytes (SSEs) can alleviate failure due to short circuit or ignition. However, operation of SSBs is hampered by numerous chemo-mechanical challenges [1 - 4], the most critical one associated with metal filament growth across the SSE. Filament protrusions can initiate at perturbations of the interface or microstructural heterogeneities and subsequently grow through the SSE, causing the battery to short-circuit. It is critical to understand from both an experimental and modeling perspective the interplay of various mechanisms including morphology of the SSE microstructure, elastic-viscoplastic behavior of Li-metal, critical current density and stack pressure on the morphology of filamentary protrusions across the SSE. While much has been done to understand the interplay of aforementioned mechanisms from an experimental standpoint [5,6], theoretical frameworks on modeling of filaments growth in SSBs are still at their infancy and typically simplify dendrites as pressurized cracks under a linear-elastic fracture mechanics (LEFM) approach [7-8]. In this work, we propose a thermodynamically consistent phase-field reaction-diffusion-damage theory to investigate the morphology of filament growth across the SSE under varying chemo-mechanical operational conditions. The theory is fully coupled with electrodeposition at the Li metal-SSE interface impacting mechanical deformation, stress generation and subsequent fracture of the SSE. Conversely, electrodeposition kinetics are affected by mechanical stresses through a thermodynamically consistent, physically motivated driving force that distinguishes the role of various chemical, electrical and mechanical contributions. Concurrently, the theory captures the interplay between crack propagation and electrodeposition phenomena by tracking the damage and reaction field using separate phase-field variables such that metal growth is preceded by and confined to damaged regions within the SSE accessible by Li-metal. This is a critical feature of the theory and confirms experimental observations that the crack front propagates ahead of Li. We specialize the theory and study the role of variations of chemo-mechanical properties (i.e. applied electric potential, SSE fracture energy) on the morphology of metal filament growth and map operational conditions to distinguish between domains of i) stable vs. unstable growth ii) intergranular vs. transgranular growth mode. In doing so, the proposed framework provides a quantitative understanding on mechanisms dictating metal filament growth in SSEs and identifies mitigation strategies to employ in future SSB designs for successful operation. References: [1] Zhang, Fangzhou, et al. "A review of mechanics-related material damages in all-solid-state batteries: Mechanisms, performance impacts and mitigation strategies." Nano Energy 70 (2020): 104545. [2] Bistri, Donald, Arman Afshar, and Claudio V. Di Leo. "Modeling the chemo-mechanical behavior of all-solid-state batteries: a review." Meccanica 56.6 (2021): 1523-1554. [3] Wang, Peng, et al. "Electro–chemo–mechanical issues at the interfaces in solid‐state lithium metal batteries." Advanced Functional Materials 29.27 (2019): 1900950 [4] Bistri, Donald, and Claudio V. Di Leo. "Modeling of Chemo-Mechanical Multi-Particle Interactions in Composite Electrodes for Liquid and Solid-State Li-Ion Batteries." Journal of The Electrochemical Society 168.3 (2021): 030515. [5] Ren, Yaoyu, et al. "Direct observation of lithium dendrites inside garnet-type lithium-ion solid electrolyte." Electrochemistry Communications 57 (2015): 27-30. [6] Cheng, Eric Jianfeng, Asma Sharafi, and Jeff Sakamoto. "Intergranular Li metal propagation through polycrystalline Li6. 25Al0. 25La3Zr2O12 ceramic electrolyte." Electrochimica Acta 223 (2017): 85-91. [7] Klinsmann, Markus, et al. "Dendritic cracking in solid electrolytes driven by lithium insertion." Journal of Power Sources 442 (2019): 227226. [8] Bucci, Giovanna, and Jake Christensen. "Modeling of lithium electrodeposition at the lithium/ceramic electrolyte interface: the role of interfacial resistance and surface defects." Journal of Power Sources 441 (2019): 227186.
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Strelczyk, Kim. "SSIs." Nursing Management (Springhouse) &NA; (June 2009): 13–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/01.numa.0000357358.58454.b2.
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Strelczyk, Kim. "SSIs." OR Nurse 2, no. 8 (September 2008): 10–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/01.orn.0000335516.58646.d2.
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Greenhalgh, T. "SSSS." BMJ 313, no. 7049 (July 13, 1996): 119. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/bmj.313.7049.119a.
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Aquina, Desy, and Bambang Subali. "Keterlaksanaan aspek penelitian pembelajaran biologi SMAN kelas X se-Kota Yogyakarta berdasarkan latar belakang akademik guru." Jurnal Inovasi Pendidikan IPA 2, no. 1 (April 23, 2016): 1. http://dx.doi.org/10.21831/jipi.v2i1.8803.
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Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui (1) persepsi guru terhadap keterlaksanaan membelajarkan aspek penelitian dalam pembelajaran biologi SMA kelas X di SMAN se-Kota Yogyakarta di tinjau dari penilaian dokumen, observasi, dan kecocokannya dengan persepsi siswa; (2) keterlaksanaan kegiatan membelajarkan aspek penelitian dalam pembelajaran biologi SMA kelas X hubungannya dengan latar belakang akademik guru. Jenis penelitian ini merupakan penelitian evaluasi dengan model discrepancy. Sebagai subjek penelitian adalah seluruh guru Biologi kelas X SMA N se-Kota Yogyakarta yang berjumlah 8 orang dan 270 siswa kelas X yang diambil secara acak, satu sekolah diambil satu kelas. Teknik pengumpulan data menggunakan model triangulasi yaitu kuesioner, penilaian dokumen, dan observasi, analisis data dengan teknik deskriptif kuantitatif. Hasil penelitian menyatakan bahwa baik ditinjau dari persepsi guru, persepsi siswa, penilaian dokumen, maupun observasi: (1) menurut persepsi guru, 75% guru biologi kelas X di SMA N se-Kota Yogyakarta telah membelajarkan aspek penelitian pada kriteria hampir selalu dilakukan dan 25% guru membelajarkan aspek penelitian pada kriteria sering dilakukan, hal ini cocok dengan hasil penilaian dokumen, observasi, dan persepsi siswa; (2) keterlaksanaan membelajarkan aspek penelitian pada pembelajaran biologi bergantung pada latar belakang akademik guru.Kata Kunci: keterlaksanaan, aspek penelitian, latar belakang akademik The Implementation of Research Aspects in Biology Courses for Tenth Graders of SSHS in Yogyakarta Based on Academic Background of the Teachers AbstractThis study aims to determine: (1) teacher’s perception about the feasibility of the teaching aspects of research in biology instruction in class X of State Senior High School in Yogyakarta in term of document assessment, observation, and the compatibility to the perception of the students and (2) the feasibility of the teaching aspects of research in biology instruction related to the academic background of teachers teaching in class X of state senior high school in Yogyakarta. The study employs a discrepancy evaluation model. The subjects consist of all biology teachers of tenth graders of SMANs in Yogyakarta numbering 8 teachers and 270 students. They were taken in random; one school one class. Data collection was conducted using a triangulation model:questionnaire, document assessment, and observation. Data analysis was done using descriptive technique. The results indicate that (1) according to the teacher’s perception, 75% biology teachers in state Senior High School in Yogyakarta have taught the aspects of research on criteria almost always doing and 25% biology teachers have taught aspects of research on criteria often doing, which fits with the results of the document assessments, observations, and the perceptions of the students; (2) the feasibility on the teaching research aspects on biology learning does depend on the academic background of the teachers.Keywords: implementation, research aspects, teachers’ academic background
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Sierra-Ríos, Juan Vicente, Filipe Manuel Clemente, Israel Teoldo, and Sixto González-Víllora. "Internal and External Load Variations in Young Students: Comparisons between Small-Sided Games and Small-Sided Games Combined with Strength Training during Physical Education Classes." International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 18, no. 4 (February 17, 2021): 1926. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph18041926.
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The purpose of this study was to compare the effects of internal and external load in soccer small-sided games (SSGs) and a strength program based on CrossFit combined with SSGs for 7 weeks. Fifty-five students participated in this research (age: 9.04 ± 0.19 years) and were randomly assigned to SSGs (n = 27) or strength combined with SSGs (n = 29) group. Two sessions/week were implemented. The results revealed that internal load on SSGs promoted higher levels (p ≤ 0.001; d = 0.35) of light physical activity (PA) (12.24 cpm) compared with strength combined with SSGs (11.46) and % heart rate (%HR) max (p = 0.002; d = 0.48) between SSGs (96.21) regarding strength combined with SSGs (92.09). On external load, significant differences appear in total distance (p ≤ 0.001; d = 0.80) on SSGs (1326 m) compared with strength combined with SSGs (1004 m) and mean velocity (p ≤ 0.001; d = 0.63) in both groups; 2.71 km/h on SSGs and 2.26 km/h on strength combined with SSGs. The SSGs seem to be more appropriate at the beginning of sessions, but as the weeks advance, strength combined with SSGs results in improved internal load compared with SSGs.
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Psillas, George, Aikaterini Rizou, Dimitrios Rachovitsas, Gabriel Tsiropoulos, and Jiannis Constantinidis. "Hearing Outcome of Low-tone Compared to High-tone Sudden Sensorineural Hearing Loss." International Archives of Otorhinolaryngology 23, no. 01 (June 19, 2018): 065–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/s-0038-1657789.
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Introduction Low-tone sudden sensorineural hearing loss (SSHL) is a well-recognized disease, in which the hearing loss is restricted to low frequencies. In contrast to low-tone SSHL, high-tone SSHL is characterized by high-frequency (4,000, 8,000 Hz) hearing loss and preservation of low-, middle-frequency hearing. Objective The objective of this study is to compare the hearing recovery and long-term outcome of low-tone SSHL with those of patients affected by high-tone SSHL in a follow-up of ∼ 3 years. Methods The low-tone SSHL and high-tone SSHL groups included 27 and 20 patients, respectively; the patients of both groups were treated with intravenous steroids. Predictive factors (gender, affected side, delay of treatment, follow-up time) were also examined. Results Overall, complete hearing recovery was observed in 77.7% of the patients in the low-tone SSHL group and in 15% of the patients in the high-tone SSHL group. In the high-tone SSHL group, a higher proportion of patients reported tinnitus compared with the low-tone SSHL group (13 cases [65%] versus 3 cases [11%]); however, recurrences were more common in the low-tone SSHL (22%, 6 patients) compared with the high-tone SSHL (2 cases [10%]) group. No predictive factor was found to statistically impact on hearing outcome. Conclusion After initial therapy, the low-tone SSHL patients have more favorable hearing outcome than high-tone SSHL patients. However, recurrences occurred more frequently in the low-tone SSHL group, while the high-tone SSHL group was more often accompanied by residual symptoms, such as tinnitus.
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Li, Yihan, Yongjun Wang, Xiaoxi Feng, Xiuting Hua, Meijie Dou, Wei Yao, Muqing Zhang, and Jisen Zhang. "Expression Profiling and MicroRNA Regulatory Networks of Homeobox Family Genes in Sugarcane Saccharum spontaneum L." International Journal of Molecular Sciences 23, no. 15 (August 5, 2022): 8724. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms23158724.
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Homeobox (HB) genes play important roles in plant growth and development processes, particularly in the formation of lateral organs. Thus, they could influence leaf morphogenesis and biomass formation in plants. However, little is known about HBs in sugarcane, a crucial sugar crop, due to its complex genetic background. Here, 302 allelic sequences for 104 HBs were identified and divided into 13 subfamilies in sugarcane Saccharum spontaneum. Comparative genomics revealed that whole-genome duplication (WGD)/segmental duplication significantly promoted the expansion of the HB family in S. spontaneum, with SsHB26, SsHB63, SsHB64, SsHB65, SsHB67, SsHB95, and SsHB96 being retained from the evolutionary event before the divergence of dicots and monocots. Based on the analysis of transcriptome and degradome data, we speculated that SsHB15 and SsHB97 might play important roles in regulating sugarcane leaf morphogenesis, with miR166 and SsAGO10 being involved in the regulation of SsHB15 expression. Moreover, subcellular localization and transcriptional activity detection assays demonstrated that these two genes, SsHB15 and SsHB97, were functional transcription factors. This study demonstrated the evolutionary relationship and potential functions of SsHB genes and will enable the further investigation of the functional characterization and the regulatory mechanisms of SsHBs.
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SOYLU, YUSUF, and ERSAN ARSLAN. "Effects of mental fatigue on psychophysiological, cognitive responses, and technical skills in small-sided games in amateur soccer players." Baltic Journal of Health and Physical Activity Supplement 1, no. 2 (December 31, 2021): 43–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.29359/bjhpa.2021.suppl.2.05.
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Background: The purpose of this study was to assess the effects of mental fatigue (MF) on the psychophysiological and cognitive responses and technical skills in small-sided games (SSGs) in amateur soccer players. Material and Methods: 18 soccer players played 2vs2, 3vs3, and 4vs4 SSGs under 2 different playing conditions: MF+SSGs and SSGs. The Feeling Scale (FS), Felt Arousal Scale (FAS), Visual Analogue Scale-Anxiety (VAS-A) and Motivation (MTV) were determined after each SSGs bout. A Trail-Making Test (TMT) was also determined in the beginning and at the end of each SSGs. Technical performance was continuously recorded with a camera during all SSGs. Results: The results demonstrated that MF induced higher negative psychophysiological and cognitive responses (p≤0.05, d=ranging from 0.73 to 2.78) in 2vs2 and 3vs3 SSGs compared to 4vs4 SSGs except for VAS-A and MTV responses. Furthermore, the MF intervention also induced an adverse effect on technical skills (p≤0.05, d=ranging from 0.65 to 2.50) in 2vs2 and 3vs3 SSGs compared to 4vs4 SSGs except for interception, tackle and two touches skills. Conclusions: These findings showed that MF impacted the psychophysiological and cognitive responses, and technical skills during SSGs. Coaches should take MF into account before planning SSGs.