Journal articles: 'SSBN'

1

Lin, En-Shyh, Yen-Hua Huang, and Cheng-Yang Huang. "Characterization of the Chimeric PriB-SSBc Protein." International Journal of Molecular Sciences 22, no. 19 (October 7, 2021): 10854. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms221910854.

Full text

Abstract:

PriB is a primosomal protein required for the replication fork restart in bacteria. Although PriB shares structural similarity with SSB, they bind ssDNA differently. SSB consists of an N-terminal ssDNA-binding/oligomerization domain (SSBn) and a flexible C-terminal protein–protein interaction domain (SSBc). Apparently, the largest difference in structure between PriB and SSB is the lack of SSBc in PriB. In this study, we produced the chimeric PriB-SSBc protein in which Klebsiella pneumoniae PriB (KpPriB) was fused with SSBc of K. pneumoniae SSB (KpSSB) to characterize the possible SSBc effects on PriB function. The crystal structure of KpSSB was solved at a resolution of 2.3 Å (PDB entry 7F2N) and revealed a novel 114-GGRQ-117 motif in SSBc that pre-occupies and interacts with the ssDNA-binding sites (Asn14, Lys74, and Gln77) in SSBn. As compared with the ssDNA-binding properties of KpPriB, KpSSB, and PriB-SSBc, we observed that SSBc could significantly enhance the ssDNA-binding affinity of PriB, change the binding behavior, and further stimulate the PriA activity (an initiator protein in the pre-primosomal step of DNA replication), but not the oligomerization state, of PriB. Based on these experimental results, we discuss reasons why the properties of PriB can be retrofitted when fusing with SSBc.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

2

Gregory, Mike. "Commanding an SSBN Squadron." RUSI Journal 137, no. 5 (October 1992): 17–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/03071849208445634.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

3

Ray, Amit. "Forecast of Chinese SSBN force levels." Maritime Affairs: Journal of the National Maritime Foundation of India 15, no. 2 (July 3, 2019): 44–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/09733159.2020.1712000.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

4

Tran, Kenneth, June-Chiew Han, Andrew J. Taberner, Carolyn J. Barrett, Edmund J. Crampin, and Denis S. Loiselle. "Myocardial energetics is not compromised during compensated hypertrophy in the Dahl salt-sensitive rat model of hypertension." American Journal of Physiology-Heart and Circulatory Physiology 311, no. 3 (September 1, 2016): H563—H571. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/ajpheart.00396.2016.

Full text

Abstract:

Salt-induced hypertension leads to development of left ventricular hypertrophy in the Dahl salt-sensitive (Dahl/SS) rat. Before progression to left ventricular failure, the heart initially undergoes a compensated hypertrophic response. We hypothesized that changes in myocardial energetics may be an early indicator of transition to failure. Dahl/SS rats and their salt-resistant consomic controls (SS-13BN) were placed on either a low- or high-salt diet to generate four cohorts: Dahl-SS rats on a low- (Dahl-LS) or high-salt diet (Dahl-HS), and SS-13BN rats on a low- (SSBN-LS) or high-salt diet (SSBN-HS). We isolated left ventricular trabeculae and characterized their mechanoenergetic performance. Our results show, at most, modest effects of salt-induced compensated hypertrophy on myocardial energetics. We found that the Dahl-HS cohort had a higher work-loop heat of activation (estimated from the intercept of the heat vs. relative afterload relationship generated from work-loop contractions) relative to the SSBN-HS cohort and a higher economy of contraction (inverse of the slope of the heat vs. active stress relation) relative to the Dahl-LS cohort. The maximum extent of shortening and maximum shortening velocity of the Dahl/SS groups were higher than those of the SS-13BN groups. Despite these differences, no significant effect of salt-induced hypertension was observed for either peak work output or peak mechanical efficiency during compensated hypertrophy.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

5

Gates, Jonathan. "Is the SSBN Deterrent Vulnerable to Autonomous Drones?" RUSI Journal 161, no. 6 (November 2016): 28–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/03071847.2016.1265834.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

6

Breemer, Jan S. "The soviet Navy's SSBN bastions: New questions raised." RUSI Journal 132, no. 2 (June 1987): 39–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/03071848708523165.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

7

Breemer, Jan S. "The Soviet Navy's SSBN bastions: Why explanations matter." RUSI Journal 134, no. 4 (December 1989): 33–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/03071848908445400.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

8

Breemer, Jan S. "The soviet navy's SSBN bastions: Evidence, inference, and alternative scenarios." RUSI Journal 130, no. 1 (March 1985): 18–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/03071848508522717.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

9

Shi, Wei, Therese Vu, Glen Boyle, Fares Al-Ejeh, Tej Pandita, Krzysztof Ginalski, Maga Rowicka, Steven W. Lane, and Kum Kum Khanna. "SSB1/NABP2 and SSB2/NABP1 Have Essential and Overlapping Roles in Maintaining Hematopoietic Stem and Progenitor Cells." Blood 126, no. 23 (December 3, 2015): 2405. http://dx.doi.org/10.1182/blood.v126.23.2405.2405.

Full text

Abstract:

Abstract Single-stranded DNA binding (SSB) proteins are essential for a variety of DNA metabolic processes and the maintenance of genomic stability. SSB1 and its homolog SSB2, share greater sequence and domain homology to the archaeal and bacterial SSBs than eukaryotic RPA. They form complexes with two other proteins, C9Orf80 and INTS3, and play roles in mediating transcription and DNA repair. SSB1 (also known as OBFC2B or NABP2) is recurrently mutated in various cancers, however the precise function in normal development is incompletely understood. We have previously shown that Ssb1 is required for skeletogenesis, telomeric homeostasis and genomic stability in vivo while Ssb2 knockout mice are viable and grow normally without any detectable phenotype. Interestingly, we observed pronounced upregulation of Ssb2 in response to Ssb1 deletion and modest up-regulation of Ssb1 in response to Ssb2 deletion, suggesting that Ssb1 and Ssb2 may have some overlapping functions. To investigate the specific roles of both Ssb1 and Ssb2 in adult tissue homeostasis, we generated conditional double-knockout (DKO) mouse models of both genes. DKO in adult mice was achieved by using a tamoxifen-inducible Cre (Ssb1fl/fl Ssb2fl/fl R26-CreERT2), in which Ssb1 and Ssb2 are conditionally deleted by the administration of tamoxifen. Induced DKO mice become moribund within seven days featured with pancytopenia and dramatic loss of hematopoietic stem and progenitor cells (HSPCs), suggesting that Ssb1 and Ssb2 are required for the maintenance of haematopoietic stem and progenitors cells (HSPCs). DKO bone marrow was markedly hypocellular with reduction in all lineages of haematopoietic development. Functionally, HSPCs in DKO mice show decreased quiescence at the early stage followed by decreased proliferation and increased cell loss due to apoptotic cell death at the later stage, suggesting the imbalanced bone marrow homeostasis upon DKO may eventually result in exhaustion of the stem cell pool in DKO mice. Furthermore, bona fide HSPC intrinsic functional deficiency caused by DKO was confirmed by competitive bone marrow transplant, where DKO bone marrows showed abolished differentiation capacity and failed to repopulate the bone marrows of recipient mice after induction of DKO in the established engraftments from the Ssb1fl/fl Ssb2fl/fl R26-CreERT2 donors. Gene expression of DKO HSPCs demonstrated an exacerbated p53/p21 DNA damage response and pronounced interferon response. Validating these findings, stabilization of p53 and increased apoptotic cell death were observed in DKO bone marrows and HSPCs and induction of cell cycle and expression of interferon target genes was confirmed by QPCR. DKO HSPCs have increased expression of IFN induced surface markers such as Sca1. The IFN response was intrinsic to HSPCs. Mechanistically, DKO HSPCs manifest a profile of stalled replication forks on DNA combing analysis, unrepaired double strand breaks (increased gammaH2Ax foci and alkaline comet tail moment) and telomeric loss resulting in widespread chromosomal instability. DKO HSPC showed aberrant cytoplasmic accumulation of single stranded DNAs, with R-loop formation (DNA:RNA hybrid), driving this genetic instability and cell-intrinsic interferon response. Altogether, these data provide strong evidence that Ssb1 and Ssb2 have essential functions in regulating haematopoiesis through repairing replication associated DNA damage as well as resolution of R-loop generated during transcription, to maintain genomic stability during normal HSPC homeostasis. Disclosures No relevant conflicts of interest to declare.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

10

Berth-Jones, J., and D. J. Smith. "Step testing as an assessment of physical fitness on Polaris submarines." Journal of The Royal Naval Medical Service 74, no. 2 (June 1988): 115–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/jrnms-74-115.

Full text

Abstract:

AbstractThe fitness of 22 volunteers was assessed at the beginning and end of an SSBN deterrent submarine patrol using the Modified Harvard and Step Up to Physical Fitness tests. This provided a means of evaluating both the value of step tests and the fitness of a sample of the crew.The overall level of fitness of the group was high and did not change significantly during the patrol.The step tests appear suitable for the purposes for which they are employed, but unsuitable for the assessment of extremes of fitness. They could be replaced by a simpler, shorter and safer test.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

11

Chen, Zhi Gang, and Xiao Feng Wu. "A Novel Multi-Timescales Layered Intention Recognition Method." Applied Mechanics and Materials 644-650 (September 2014): 4607–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.644-650.4607.

Full text

Abstract:

Facing asymmetric threats in a network centric environment, modern naval command and control systems confront increasingly demanding challenges in data fusion. It is very important to efficiently and promptly predict the enemy’s or adversary tactical intention from level 2 data fusion. In this paper, a layered intention model is proposed to represent the uncertain elements relating to adversarial intention and their uncertain relations in naval battlefield domain. The main ideal of this paper is to develop a hierarchical Bayesian network based on situation-specific Bayesian network (SSBN) and dynamic Bayesian network (DBN) that can be adapted to cope with the multi-timescales layered intention recognition problem.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

12

Shi, Wei, Therese Vu, Didier Boucher, Anna Biernacka, Jules Nde, Raj K. Pandita, Jasmin Straube, et al. "Ssb1 and Ssb2 cooperate to regulate mouse hematopoietic stem and progenitor cells by resolving replicative stress." Blood 129, no. 18 (May 4, 2017): 2479–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.1182/blood-2016-06-725093.

Full text

Abstract:

Key Points Combined loss of Ssb1/Ssb2 induces rapid lethality due to replication stress–associated loss of hematopoietic stem and progenitor cells. Functionally, loss of Ssb1/Ssb2 activates p53 and IFN pathways, causing enforced cell cycling in quiescent HSPCs and apoptotic cell loss.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

13

Peng, Donghui, Yuchan Chen, Yanping Sun, Zhihong Zhang, Na Cui, Wensen Zhang, Ying Qi, et al. "Saikosaponin A and Its Epimers Alleviate LPS-Induced Acute Lung Injury in Mice." Molecules 28, no. 3 (January 18, 2023): 967. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/molecules28030967.

Full text

Abstract:

The purpose of this work was to illustrate the effect of processing with vinegar on saikosaponins of Bupleurum chinense DC. (BC) and the protective effects of saikosaponin A (SSA), saikosaponin b1 (SSb1), saikosaponin b2 (SSb2), and saikosaponin D (SSD) in lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced acute lung injury (ALI) mice. We comprehensively evaluated the anti-inflammatory effects and potential mechanisms of SSA, SSb1, SSb2, and SSD through an LPS-induced ALI model using intratracheal injection. The results showed that SSA, SSb1, SSb2, and SSD significantly decreased pulmonary edema; reduced the levels of IL-6, TNF-α, and IL-1β in serum and lung tissues; alleviated pulmonary pathological damage; and decreased the levels of the IL-6, TNF-α, and IL-1β genes and the expression of NF-κB/TLR4-related proteins. Interestingly, they were similar in structure, but SSb2 had a better anti-inflammatory effect at the same dose, according to a principal component analysis. These findings indicated that it may not have been comprehensive to only use SSA and SSD as indicators to evaluate the quality of BC, especially as the contents of SSb1 and SSb2 in vinegar-processed BC were significantly increased.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

14

Martin, Neil. "First Experiences of Prescribing Nicotine Replacement Therapy as Part of a Smoking Cessation Service on an SSBN Patrol." Journal of The Royal Naval Medical Service 88, no. 2 (March 2002): 57–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/jrnms-88-57.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

15

Maccioni, Paola, Irene Lorrai, Federica Fara, Mauro A. M. Carai, Gian Luigi Gessa, Young-Won Chin, Jung Hwan Lee, Hak Cheol Kwon, Federico Corelli, and Giancarlo Colombo. "Differential Effects of Saikosaponins A, B2, B4, C and D on Alcohol and Chocolate Self-Administration in Rats." Alcohol and Alcoholism 55, no. 4 (May 22, 2020): 367–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/alcalc/agaa049.

Full text

Abstract:

Abstract Aims Treatment with saikosaponin A (SSA)—an ingredient of the medicinal herb, Bupleurum falcatum—has been reported to suppress several addictive-like behaviors, including morphine, cocaine, alcohol and chocolate self-administration in male rats. The aim of this investigation was to investigate whether saikosaponins of B. falcatum other than SSA affect alcohol and chocolate self-administration in rats. Methods Ovariectomized female Sardinian alcohol-preferring (sP) and Wistar rats were trained to self-administer alcohol (15%, v/v) and a chocolate solution [5% (w/v) Nesquik® in water], respectively, under fixed ratio schedules of reinforcement. The following saikosaponins were compared to SSA: saikosaponin D (SSD; epimer of SSA), saikosaponin C (SSC), saikosaponin B2 (SSB2) and saikosaponin B4 (SSB4). All saikosaponins were tested acutely at the doses of 0, 0.25, 0.5 and 1 mg/kg (i.p.). Results Treatment with SSA and SSD resulted in highly similar, marked reductions in alcohol self-administration; SSC failed to alter lever-responding for alcohol, while SSB2 and SSB4 produced intermediate reductions. Only SSA and SSD reduced chocolate self-administration, with SSC, SSB2 and SSB4 being ineffective. Conclusions The wide spectrum of efficacy of saikosaponins in reducing alcohol and chocolate self-administration suggests that even relatively small structural differences are sufficient to produce remarkable changes in their in vivo pharmacological profile. Together, these results confirm that roots of B. falcatum may be an interesting source of compounds with anti-addictive potential.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

16

Park, Su Hyung, Youyoung Kim, Jae Sun Ra, Min woo Wie, Mi-Sun Kang, Sukhyun Kang, Kyungjae Myung, and Kyoo-young Lee. "Timely termination of repair DNA synthesis by ATAD5 is important in oxidative DNA damage-induced single-strand break repair." Nucleic Acids Research 49, no. 20 (October 30, 2021): 11746–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/nar/gkab999.

Full text

Abstract:

Abstract Reactive oxygen species (ROS) generate oxidized bases and single-strand breaks (SSBs), which are fixed by base excision repair (BER) and SSB repair (SSBR), respectively. Although excision and repair of damaged bases have been extensively studied, the function of the sliding clamp, proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA), including loading/unloading, remains unclear. We report that, in addition to PCNA loading by replication factor complex C (RFC), timely PCNA unloading by the ATPase family AAA domain-containing protein 5 (ATAD5)-RFC–like complex is important for the repair of ROS-induced SSBs. We found that PCNA was loaded at hydrogen peroxide (H2O2)-generated direct SSBs after the 3′-terminus was converted to the hydroxyl moiety by end-processing enzymes. However, PCNA loading rarely occurred during BER of oxidized or alkylated bases. ATAD5-depleted cells were sensitive to acute H2O2 treatment but not methyl methanesulfonate treatment. Unexpectedly, when PCNA remained on DNA as a result of ATAD5 depletion, H2O2-induced repair DNA synthesis increased in cancerous and normal cells. Based on higher H2O2-induced DNA breakage and SSBR protein enrichment by ATAD5 depletion, we propose that extended repair DNA synthesis increases the likelihood of DNA polymerase stalling, shown by increased PCNA monoubiquitination, and consequently, harmful nick structures are more frequent.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

17

Shinebourne, John. "Elinor Electronic Library Project982Anne Ramsden, Editor. Elinor Electronic Library Project. London: Bowker Saur 1998. 115pp, ISSN: SSBN £35 (British Library Research and Innovation report 22)." Library Management 19, no. 7 (November 1998): 437–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/lm.1998.19.7.437.2.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

18

Salerno, Brenda, Geetha Anne, and Floyd R. Bryant. "DNA Binding Compatibility of the Streptococcus pneumoniae SsbA and SsbB Proteins." PLoS ONE 6, no. 9 (September 7, 2011): e24305. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0024305.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

19

Kalasova, Ilona, Richard Hailstone, Janin Bublitz, Jovel Bogantes, Winfried Hofmann, Alejandro Leal, Hana Hanzlikova, and Keith W. Caldecott. "Pathological mutations in PNKP trigger defects in DNA single-strand break repair but not DNA double-strand break repair." Nucleic Acids Research 48, no. 12 (June 6, 2020): 6672–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/nar/gkaa489.

Full text

Abstract:

Abstract Hereditary mutations in polynucleotide kinase-phosphatase (PNKP) result in a spectrum of neurological pathologies ranging from neurodevelopmental dysfunction in microcephaly with early onset seizures (MCSZ) to neurodegeneration in ataxia oculomotor apraxia-4 (AOA4) and Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease (CMT2B2). Consistent with this, PNKP is implicated in the repair of both DNA single-strand breaks (SSBs) and DNA double-strand breaks (DSBs); lesions that can trigger neurodegeneration and neurodevelopmental dysfunction, respectively. Surprisingly, however, we did not detect a significant defect in DSB repair (DSBR) in primary fibroblasts from PNKP patients spanning the spectrum of PNKP-mutated pathologies. In contrast, the rate of SSB repair (SSBR) is markedly reduced. Moreover, we show that the restoration of SSBR in patient fibroblasts collectively requires both the DNA kinase and DNA phosphatase activities of PNKP, and the fork-head associated (FHA) domain that interacts with the SSBR protein, XRCC1. Notably, however, the two enzymatic activities of PNKP appear to affect different aspects of disease pathology, with reduced DNA phosphatase activity correlating with neurodevelopmental dysfunction and reduced DNA kinase activity correlating with neurodegeneration. In summary, these data implicate reduced rates of SSBR, not DSBR, as the source of both neurodevelopmental and neurodegenerative pathology in PNKP-mutated disease, and the extent and nature of this reduction as the primary determinant of disease severity.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

20

Sengupta, Shiladitya, Haibo Wang, Chunying Yang, Bartosz Szczesny, Muralidhar L. Hegde, and Sankar Mitra. "Ligand-induced gene activation is associated with oxidative genome damage whose repair is required for transcription." Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 117, no. 36 (August 21, 2020): 22183–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1919445117.

Full text

Abstract:

Among several reversible epigenetic changes occurring during transcriptional activation, only demethylation of histones and cytosine-phosphate-guanines (CpGs) in gene promoters and other regulatory regions by specific demethylase(s) generates reactive oxygen species (ROS), which oxidize DNA and other cellular components. Here, we show induction of oxidized bases and single-strand breaks (SSBs), but not direct double-strand breaks (DSBs), in the genome during gene activation by ligands of the nuclear receptor superfamily. We observed that these damages were preferentially repaired in promoters via the base excision repair (BER)/single-strand break repair (SSBR) pathway. Interestingly, BER/SSBR inhibition suppressed gene activation. Constitutive association of demethylases with BER/SSBR proteins in multiprotein complexes underscores the coordination of histone/DNA demethylation and genome repair during gene activation. However, ligand-independent transcriptional activation occurring during heat shock (HS) induction is associated with the generation of DSBs, the repair of which is likewise essential for the activation of HS-responsive genes. These observations suggest that the repair of distinct damages induced during diverse transcriptional activation is a universal prerequisite for transcription initiation. Because of limited investigation of demethylation-induced genome damage during transcription, this study suggests that the extent of oxidative genome damage resulting from various cellular processes is substantially underestimated.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

21

Tan, Zhibin, Yijia Huang, Fenglian Chen, Cheng Cao, and Shuling Wang. "Comparative Effect of Aqueous and Methanolic Bupleuri Radix Extracts on Hepatic Uptake of High-Density Lipoprotein and Identification of the Potential Target in HFD-Fed Mice." Evidence-Based Complementary and Alternative Medicine 2019 (December 5, 2019): 1–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2019/9074289.

Full text

Abstract:

Our previous study found saikosaponin b2 (SSb2) increased high-density lipoprotein (HDL) uptake in HepG2 cells. SSb2 is only found in aqueous Bupleuri Radix extract, and it is one of the secondary saponins derived from saikosaponin d (SSd), which exists in the methanolic extract. This study aimed to compare the effect of aqueous extract of Bupleuri Radix on hepatic uptake of HDL with methanolic extract and to reveal the underlying mechanism of enhancing HDL uptake in mice fed with high-fat diet (HFD). Cellular HDL uptake in each group was quantified by flow cytometry. Bioactive components bound to the HepG2 cytomembrane were detected with HPLC-DAD. RNA sequencing was performed to screen the underlying target on hepatic HDL-uptake, and western blotting was conducted to verify differential protein expression. Significant increases of HDL uptake by HepG2 cells were observed in all groups of aqueous extract of Bupleuri Radix, while no effect or negative effect was observed in the methanolic extract. Saikosaponin b1 (SSb1) and SSb2 were detected in the desorption elute of the aqueous extract from the HepG2 cytomembrane, while saikosaponin a (SSa) and SSd were not found. Remarkable upregulation of FGF21 in HFD-fed mice liver was affirmed after treatment with aqueous extract. This study suggested that aqueous Bupleuri Radix extract could promote hepatic HDL uptake in vitro but methanolic extract could not, and FGF21 might be the potential target.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

22

Vu, Therese, Wei Shi, Steven Lane, and Kum Kum Khanna. "SSB1 and SSB2 single-stranded DNA binding proteins are essential for HSC function." Experimental Hematology 43, no. 9 (September 2015): S100. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.exphem.2015.06.274.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

23

Nelson, R. J., M. F. Heschl, and E. A. Craig. "Isolation and characterization of extragenic suppressors of mutations in the SSA hsp70 genes of Saccharomyces cerevisiae." Genetics 131, no. 2 (June 1, 1992): 277–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/genetics/131.2.277.

Full text

Abstract:

Abstract Saccharomyces cerevisiae strains that contain null alleles of two hsp70 genes, SSA1 and SSA2, are temperature sensitive for growth. In this study, extragenic suppressors of ssa1 ssa2 have been isolated. Suppression is due to mutations at nuclear loci designated EXA1, EXA2 and EXA3 for EXtragenic suppressor hsp70 subfamily A. Two of the four EXA1 alleles are dominant as is EXA3-1. The other two EXA1 alleles as well as the sole EXA2 allele are recessive. EXA1 mutations lead to accumulation of a previously uncharacterized form of hsp70. EXA2 and EXA3 mutations affect the regulation of the stress response. In exa2-1 ssa1 ssa2 strains the gene products of the remaining SSA hsp70 genes, SSA3 and SSA4 (Ssa3/4p), accumulate to higher levels. The EXA3-1 mutation results in increased accumulation of both Ssa3/4p and the hsp70s encoded by the SSB1 and SSB2 genes (Ssb1/2p), suggesting that the EXA3 gene product plays a central role in the yeast stress response. Consistent with this hypothesis, EXA3-1 is tightly linked to HSF1, the gene encoding the transcriptional regulatory protein known as "heat shock factor." All of the genes identified in this study seem to be involved in regulating the expression of SSA3 and SSA4 or the activity of their protein products.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

24

Moeller, Lars C., Manuela Alonso, XiaoHui Liao, Vance Broach, Alexandra Dumitrescu, Jacqueline Van Sande, Lucia Montanelli, et al. "Pituitary-Thyroid Setpoint and Thyrotropin Receptor Expression in Consomic Rats." Endocrinology 148, no. 10 (October 1, 2007): 4727–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.1210/en.2007-0236.

Full text

Abstract:

The genetic basis for differences in TSH sensitivity between two rat strains was examined using consomic rats generated from original strains salt-sensitive Dahl (SS) (TSH 1.8 ± 0.1 ng/ml; free T4 index 4.9 ± 0.4) and Brown Norwegian (BN) (TSH 5.5 ± 0.6 ng/ml, P < 0.05; free T4 index 4.3 ± 0.1, P not significant). Consomic rats SSBN6 [BN chromosome (CH) 6 placed in SS rat] and SSBN2 (BN CH 2 placed in SS rat) have TSH concentrations intermediate between pure SS and BN strains (2.9 ± 0.3 and 3.1 ± 0.3 ng/ml, respectively; P < 0.05). Candidate genes on rat CH 2 included TSH β-subunit and on CH 6 the TSH receptor (TSHR). TSH from sera of BN, SS, SSBN6, and SSBN2 strains had similar in vitro bioactivity suggesting that the cause for the variable TSH concentrations was not due to an altered TSH. Physiological response to TSH was measured by changes in serum T4 concentrations upon administration of bovine TSH (bTSH). Rat strain SS had a greater T4 response to bTSH than BN (change in T4, 1.3 ± 0.1 vs. 0.4 ± 0.1 μg/dl, P < 0.005), suggesting reduced thyrocyte sensitivity to TSH in BN. Sequencing of the TSHR coding region revealed an amino acid difference in BN (Q46R). This substitution is unlikely to contribute to the strain difference in serum TSH because both TSHR variants were equally expressed at the cell surface of transfected cells and responsive to bTSH. Given similar TSH activity and similar TSHR structure, TSHR mRNA expression in thyroid tissue was quantitated by real-time PCR. BN had 54 ± 5% the total TSHR expression compared to SS (100 ± 7%, P < 0.0001), when corrected for GAPDH expression, a difference confirmed at the protein level. Therefore, the higher TSH level in the BN strain appears to reflect an adjustment of the feedback loop to reduced thyrocyte sensitivity to TSH secondary to reduced TSHR expression. These strains of rat provide a model to study the cis- and trans-acting factors underlying the difference in TSHR expression.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

25

Pfeifer, Matthias, Reto Brem, Timothy P. Lippert, Bryant Boulianne, Howin Ng Ho, Mark E. Robinson, Justin Stebbing, and Niklas Feldhahn. "SSB1/SSB2 Proteins Safeguard B Cell Development by Protecting the Genomes of B Cell Precursors." Journal of Immunology 202, no. 12 (May 13, 2019): 3423–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.4049/jimmunol.1801618.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

26

Grove, Diane E., Smaranda Willcox, Jack D. Griffith, and Floyd R. Bryant. "Differential Single-stranded DNA Binding Properties of the Paralogous SsbA and SsbB Proteins from Streptococcus pneumoniae." Journal of Biological Chemistry 280, no. 12 (March 2005): 11067–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.1074/jbc.m414057200.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

27

Dombek, Kenneth M., Nataly Kacherovsky, and Elton T. Young. "The Reg1-interacting Proteins, Bmh1, Bmh2, Ssb1, and Ssb2, Have Roles in Maintaining Glucose Repression inSaccharomyces cerevisiae." Journal of Biological Chemistry 279, no. 37 (June 25, 2004): 39165–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.1074/jbc.m400433200.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

28

Yadav, Tribhuwan, Begoña Carrasco, James Hejna, Yuki Suzuki, Kunio Takeyasu, and Juan C. Alonso. "Bacillus subtilisDprA Recruits RecA onto Single-stranded DNA and Mediates Annealing of Complementary Strands Coated by SsbB and SsbA." Journal of Biological Chemistry 288, no. 31 (June 18, 2013): 22437–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.1074/jbc.m113.478347.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

29

Helman, Laura, Beatriz Nunes Biccas, Eponina M. O. Lemme, Paula Novais, and Viviane Fittipaldi. "Esophageal manometry findings and degree of acid exposure in short and long Barrett's esophagus." Arquivos de Gastroenterologia 49, no. 1 (March 2012): 64–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/s0004-28032012000100011.

Full text

Abstract:

CONTEXT: Barrett's esophagus (BE) is characterized by intestinal metaplasia in the distal esophagus and is classified as short-segment (<3 cm - SSBE) or long-segment (>3 cm - LSSBE). It is suggested that LSSBE is associated with more severe esophageal motor abnormalities and increased acid exposure time than SSBE. OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the prevalence of esophageal manometriy abnormalities and acid exposure times in patients with SSBE and LSSBE. METHODS: Barrett's esophagus patients identified by upper endoscopy and confirmed by histopathology were, retrospectively, reviewed and divided into two groups: SSBE and LSBE. Demographic data, symptom duration, prevalence of hiatal hernia, lower esophagus sphincter basal pressure, prevalence of esophageal body abnormalities and acid exposure times were evaluated. RESULTS: Forty-six patients with SSBE (24 males - 52.2%, mean age of 55.2 years) and 28 patients with LSBE (18 males - 64.3%, mean age of 50.5 years). Mean symptom duration was 9.9 years for SSBE and 12.9 years for LSSBE. Hiatal hernia was present in 84.2% of SSBE, 96.3% of LSBE; average lower esophagus sphincter pressure in SSBE 9.15 mm Hg, in LSBE 6.99 mm Hg; lower esophagus sphincter hypotension in SSBE was 65.9%, in LSSBE 82.1%; aperistalsis in SSBE 6.5%, LSSBE 3.6%; mild/moderate ineffective esophageal motility in SSBE 34.8%, LSBE 46.4%; severe moderate ineffective esophageal motility in SSBE 10.9%, LSBE 7,1%; nutcracker esophagus/segmental nutcracker esophagus in SSBE 8.6%, LSBE 0%; normal body in SSBE 39.1%, in LSBE 42.9%, no statistical difference for any of these values (P<0.05). Average % total time pH<4 in SSBE 9.12, LSBE 17.27 (P<0.000); % time pH<4 upright in SSBE 11.91; LSBE 24.29 (P=0.003); % time pH<4 supine in SSBE 10.86, LSBE 33.26 (P = 0.000). CONCLUSION: There was no difference between the prevalence of motor disorders in patients with SSBE and LSSBE. Acid reflux in upright and supine positions was more intense in LSBE.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

30

Zhuang, Xuxiu, Yang Liu, Joel Gittelsohn, Emma Lewis, Shenzhi Song, Yanan Ma, and Deliang Wen. "Sugar-Sweetened Beverages Consumption and Associated Factors among Northeastern Chinese Children." Nutrients 13, no. 7 (June 29, 2021): 2233. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/nu13072233.

Full text

Abstract:

(1) Background: The present study aimed to investigate the association between home-related factors, community environmental factors, and sugar-sweetened beverages (SSBs) intake among Northeastern Chinese children. (2) Methods: Cross-sectional. Children with complete data were included in the analysis (n = 901). A questionnaire modified according to BEVQ-15 measured the intake of SSBs. Logistic regression was applied to determine the factors associated with the consumption of SSBs. IBM SPSS Statistics 23.0 was applied to perform all statistical analyses. (3) Results: The mean total amount of SSBs consumed on a weekly basis was 2214.04 ± 2188.62 mL. Children’s weekly pocket money, frequency of SSBs purchase, SSBs availability at home, the number of accessible supermarkets, and frequency of weekly visits to convenience stores were all found to be associated with a high intake of SSBs among all children. Among children of normal weight, the findings indicated that weekly pocket money, SSBs availability at home, and number of accessible supermarkets were associated with a high SSBs intake. At the same time, frequency of SSBs purchase, mother’s SSBs intake, and frequency of weekly visits to convenience stores were associated with a high SSBs intake among children with obesity. (4) Conclusions: Given the potential negative health effects of high SSBs intake, it is crucial to pay attention to home-related factors and community environment.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

31

Hu, J., J. Zhao, and J. J. Ren. "Solid state batteries (SSBs) prepared with powder metallurgy route." Science of Sintering 45, no. 2 (2013): 149–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/sos1302149h.

Full text

Abstract:

The solid state batteries (SSBs) were prepared by powder metallurgy route. For making SSBs, a special die was designed. LiNiO2 and face centre cubic (fcc) TiB powders [1] were used to make cathodes for SSBs while such metals as Zn or Mg were used to make anodes. The SSBs made with LiNiO2 powder generated relatively low currents (1 to 2 ?A) and voltage (0.4~0.9 V) at room temperature. The SSBs made with fcc-TiB cathode generated more power than do the SSBs made with LiNiO2 powder.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

32

Isoldi, Kathy K., and Veronika Dolar. "Blending Better Beverage Options: A Nutrition Education and Experiential Workshop for Youths." Journal of Obesity 2015 (2015): 1–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2015/351734.

Full text

Abstract:

Objective. To reduce intake of sugar-sweetened beverages (SSBs) in youths as a means to reduce obesity risk.Methods. Youths 5–14 years old attending a summer program were given a two-hour workshop addressing the sugar content in SSBs, the health risks from drinking SSBs, and hands-on preparation as well as tastings of low-sugar beverage alternatives. Data on usual intake of SSBs was obtained at baseline, and pre- and postprogram surveys were conducted to gauge change in knowledge and/or attitudes regarding SSBs.Results. There were 128 participants (63% male) in the program. SSBs were commonly consumed with over 80% reporting regular consumption (mean daily intake 17.9 ounces). Significant increase in knowledge regarding the sugar content of commonly consumed SSBs was achieved; however change in attitudes was not significant. The large majority of youths reported enjoying the workshop and intention to reduce intake of SSBs following program participation.Conclusion. SSBs are commonly consumed by youths. Knowledge regarding the sugar content of SSBs is easier to impart to youths than influencing attitudes held about these beverages. Long-term interventions that reach out to parents and address the widespread availability of SSBs are needed to influence resistant attitudes and beverage choosing behaviors in youths.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

33

Wang, Bolong, Rui Jia, Xing Li, Ke Tao, Wei Luo, Longjie Wang, and Jiawang Chen. "Simulation of Silicon Surface Barrier Detector with PN Junction Guard Rings to Improve the Breakdown Voltage." Micromachines 13, no. 11 (October 23, 2022): 1811. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/mi13111811.

Full text

Abstract:

Silicon surface barrier detectors (SSBDs) are normally used to detect high−energy particles due to their excellent properties. For better charge collection efficiency (CCE), the SSBD device should be operated at higher reverse voltages, but this can lead to device breakdown. Therefore, we used a PN junction as a guard ring to increase the breakdown voltage of the SSBD. The structures of two SSBD devices are drawn and simulated in this work. Compared with a conventional SSBD (c−SSBD), the use of a PN junction as a guard ring for an SSBD (Hybrid−SSBD) achieves higher breakdown voltages, of over 1500 V under reverse bias. This means that Hybrid−SSBD devices can operate at higher reverse voltages for better charge collection efficiency (CCE) to detect high−energy particles. Then, we simulated the different structure parameters of the Hybrid−SSBD guard rings. Among them, the doping depth and gap width of the guard ring (between the innermost guard ring and the active area) have a greater impact on the breakdown voltage. Finally, for Hybrid−SSBD devices, the optimal characteristics of the guard ring were 1 × 1019 cm−3 doping concentration, 1 μm doping depth, and innermost guard ring width and gap width of 5 μm and 3 μm, respectively.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

34

Pestov, Nikolay A., Nadezhda S. Gerasimova, Olga I. Kulaeva, and Vasily M. Studitsky. "Structure of transcribed chromatin is a sensor of DNA damage." Science Advances 1, no. 6 (July 2015): e1500021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1126/sciadv.1500021.

Full text

Abstract:

Early detection and repair of damaged DNA is essential for cell functioning and survival. Although multiple cellular systems are involved in the repair of single-strand DNA breaks (SSBs), it remains unknown how SSBs present in the nontemplate strand (NT-SSBs) of DNA organized in chromatin are detected. The effect of NT-SSBs on transcription through chromatin by RNA polymerase II was studied. NT-SSBs localized in the promoter-proximal region of nucleosomal DNA and hidden in the nucleosome structure can induce a nearly quantitative arrest of RNA polymerase downstream of the break, whereas more promoter-distal SSBs moderately facilitate transcription. The location of the arrest sites on nucleosomal DNA suggests that formation of small intranucleosomal DNA loops causes the arrest. This mechanism likely involves relief of unconstrained DNA supercoiling accumulated during transcription through chromatin by NT-SSBs. These data suggest the existence of a novel chromatin-specific mechanism that allows the detection of NT-SSBs by the transcribing enzyme.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

35

Muldoon-Jacobs, Kristi L., and Jonathan D. Dinman. "Specific Effects of Ribosome-Tethered Molecular Chaperones on Programmed −1 Ribosomal Frameshifting." Eukaryotic Cell 5, no. 4 (April 2006): 762–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/ec.5.4.762-770.2006.

Full text

Abstract:

ABSTRACT The ribosome-associated molecular chaperone complexes RAC (Ssz1p/Zuo1p) and Ssb1p/Ssb2p expose a link between protein folding and translation. Disruption of the conserved nascent peptide-associated complex results in cell growth and translation fidelity defects. To better understand the consequences of deletion of either RAC or Ssb1p/2p, experiments relating to cell growth and programmed ribosomal frameshifting (PRF) were assayed. Genetic analyses revealed that deletion of Ssb1p/Ssb2p or of Ssz1p/Zuo1p resulted in specific inhibition of −1 PRF and defects in Killer virus maintenance, while no effects were observed on +1 PRF. These factors may provide a new set of targets to exploit against viruses that use −1 PRF. Quantitative measurements of growth profiles of isogenic wild-type and mutant cells showed that translational inhibitors exacerbate underlying growth defects in these mutants. Previous studies have identified −1 PRF signals in yeast chromosomal genes and have demonstrated an inverse relationship between −1 PRF efficiency and mRNA stability. Analysis of published DNA microarray experiments reveals conditions under which Ssb1, Ssb2, Ssz1, and Zuo1 transcript levels are regulated independently of those of genes encoding ribosomal proteins. Thus, the findings presented here suggest that these trans-acting factors could be used by cells to posttranscriptionally regulate gene expression through −1 PRF.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

36

Robak, Barbara, Jarosław Rogoża, and Mieczysław Łapkowski. "Low-molecular-weight styrene–butadiene copolymers (L-SSBR) as processing aids used for silica-filled rubber: Synthesis, functionalization and application." Journal of Elastomers & Plastics 51, no. 3 (June 28, 2018): 244–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0095244318784611.

Full text

Abstract:

Three different types of low-molecular-weight solution styrene-butadiene rubbers (L-SSBRs) were synthesized by anionic polymerization. Two of them were end-capped with methoxy (M-L-SSBR) and ethoxy (E-L-SSBR) functional groups, respectively, while the other was terminated with alcohol (L-SSBR). The content of functional groups was estimated on the basis of gel permeation chromatography and proton nuclear magnetic resonance analysis. The influence of L-SSBR on the properties of silica-filled SSBR as an alternative for the plasticizing oil was investigated in tyre tread formulation. L-SSBRs of high vinyl content were used in place of part of oil for preparation of compound K1 enriched with linear (L-SSBR) and compound K2 and K3 enriched with two star-like liquid rubbers modified, respectively, with methoxy (M-L-SSBR) and ethoxy (E-L-SSBR) functional groups. Although particular attention was paid to the effect of polar groups on the silica dispersions, cure characteristic, compound viscosity and mechanical properties were also analyzed. Rubber with only treated distillate aromatic extract was used (K5) as the reference.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

37

Seloka, Mohlago Ablonia, Moloko Matshipi, Peter Modupi Mphekgwana, and Kotsedi Daniel Monyeki. "The Association between the Consumption of Sugar-Sweetened Beverages and Metabolic Syndrome Components in Young Rural Adults in South Africa." Applied Sciences 12, no. 6 (March 16, 2022): 3015. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app12063015.

Full text

Abstract:

Background: Metabolic syndrome (MetS) is the key risk factor for cardiovascular disease (CVD) development. However, lifestyle habits including high consumption of sugar-sweetened beverages (SSBs) contribute to its onset. The current study was aimed at investigating the association between SSBs consumption and MetS components among young adults aged 22 to 30 years. Methods: This was a cross-sectional study where a total of 596 young adults (307 females and 287 males) participated. Blood pressure, biochemical assessment, and anthropometric measurements were taken following protocols. A validated 24 h recall questionnaire and food manuals were used to collect SSBs data. Binary logistic regression was applied to determine the association between SSBs consumption and MetS components. Results: In males, high SSBs consumption increased the risk of high fasting blood glucose (FBG) (p < 0.05). In females, high and low SSBs consumption decreased the risk of reduced high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C), whereas only high SSBs consumption was associated with decreased risk of high triglycerides (TG) (p < 0.05). In conclusion, high TG, reduced HDL-C and high FBG was significantly associated with high consumption of SSBs. Longitudinal studies are recommended to further investigate the extent to which SSBs influences components of MetS.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

38

Kunzova, Monika, Geraldo A. Maranhao Neto, María M. Infante-Garcia, Ramfis Nieto-Martinez, and Juan P. González-Rivas. "Risk Factors Associated with the Consumption of Sugar-Sweetened Beverages among Czech Adults: The Kardiovize Study." Nutrients 14, no. 24 (December 13, 2022): 5297. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/nu14245297.

Full text

Abstract:

High consumption of sugar-sweetened beverages (SSBs) is associated with a higher risk of cardiovascular disease (CVD). The last report on the prevalence of SSBs consumption in Czechia was 17 years ago, an updated analysis will enable the design of appropriate public health policies. This study aimed to determine the prevalence of SSBs consumption in a Czech city during 2020 and 2022, and its association with cardiometabolic biomarkers, behavioral risk factors, and socioeconomic determinants. A total of 730 participants (33 to 73 years) were assessed from a random population-based survey. SSBs consumption was evaluated using two methods: by calorie amount, with a 24 h dietary recall, and by frequency, with a food frequency questionnaire. By calorie amount, the prevalence of SSBs consumption was none: 52.5%, low: 30.0%, and moderate–high: 17.5%; by frequency was never: 16.0%, occasionally: 64.1%, and daily: 19.9%. SSBs intake was higher in men (p < 0.001) and younger participants (p = 0.001). Men consuming daily had higher waist circumference and visceral fat area compared to both occasional and never consumers. Higher SSBs consumption was associated with low household income, middle education level, and high total energy intake. In total, 20% drank SSBs daily and 17.5% of participants consumed moderate–high calorie amounts of SSBs. These results represent an increase in the prevalence of SSBs consumption in the last two decades. Public health policies should target men of younger age and people with low education and income.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

39

McGann, Mary, Gregory M. Ruiz, Anson H. Hines, and George Smith. "A Ship's Ballasting History As an Indicator of Foraminiferal Invasion Potential – an Example from Prince William Sound, Alaska, Usa." Journal of Foraminiferal Research 49, no. 4 (October 23, 2019): 434–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.2113/gsjfr.49.4.434.

Full text

Abstract:

Abstract We investigated the potential role of ballast sediment from coastal and transoceanic oil tankers arriving and de-ballasting in Port Valdez as a vector for the introduction of invasive benthic foraminifera in Prince William Sound, Alaska. Forty-one ballast sediment samples were obtained during 1998–1999 from 11 oil tankers that routinely discharged their ballast in Prince William Sound after sailing from other West Coast (Los Angeles/Long Beach Harbor, San Francisco Bay, and Puget Sound) or foreign ports (Japan, Korea, and China) where they originally ballasted. Forty of these samples contained benthic foraminifera, including 27 (66%) with the introduced species Trochammina hadai Uchio from nine (81%) of the ships. In all, 59 species were recovered and foraminiferal abundance peaked at 27,000 specimens per gram dry sediment. Of the 41 samples, three were stained and living benthic foraminifera were recovered in all three of them. The entrained foraminifera reflected the number of times ballasting occurred (single or multiple sources), the location of ballasting (estuarine or offshore), and post-acquisition alteration of the sediment (i.e., growth of gypsum crystals at the possible expense of calcareous tests). In temperate regions, sediment samples resulting from single-source ballasting in estuaries (SSBE), multiple-source ballasting in estuaries (MSBE), single-source ballasting offshore (SSBO), and a combination of SSBO and SSBE or MSBE, typically contained increasingly higher species richness, respectively. The potential for foreign species invasion is dependent on the presence of viable candidates and their survivability, their abundance in the ballasting location, and the number of times ballasting occurs, most of which are evident from the ship's ballasting history. We estimate that 442.1 billion to 8.84 trillion living foraminifera were introduced into Port Valdez in a single year, suggesting it is quite likely that an invasive species could be successfully established there. Trochammina hadai is a good example of a successful invasive in Prince William Sound for the following reasons: 1) the species is abundant enough in U.S. West Coast and foreign ports where ballasting occurs that sufficient individuals needed for reproduction may be transported to the receiving waters; 2) Port Valdez, in particular, receives repeated and frequent inoculations from the same source ports where T. hadai is present; 3) large quantities of sediment are taken up by commercial vessels during ballasting and benthic foraminifera occur in abundance in ballast sediment; 4) ballast sediment provides a suitable environment in which benthic foraminifera can survive for extended periods of time during transport; 5) T. hadai flourishes in a wide range of temperatures and environmental conditions that characterize both the ports where ballasting takes place as well as in Port Valdez where de-ballasting occurs; and 6) the species is capable of asexual reproduction and possibly the ability to form a dormant resting stage, both of which have the potential to lower the threshold for colonization. Clearly, ballast sediment is a viable vector for the introduction of T. hadai and other invasives into Alaskan ports and elsewhere worldwide.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

40

Takeshita, John Y. "SSPN Awards." Soil Science and Plant Nutrition 54, no. 2 (April 2008): 177–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1747-0765.2008.00273.x.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

41

Saito, Masanori. "SSPN Awards." Soil Science and Plant Nutrition 55, no. 2 (April 2009): 227. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1747-0765.2009.00373.x.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

42

Chen, Xiangyu, Xiuru Yang, Jianhao Wu, Zhi Chen, Lan Li, Jingyang Gao, Jinchao Chen, Jinglei Hu, Chunyan Li, and Wen Wang. "Enhancing Visible-Light Photodegradation of TC-HCl by Doping Phosphorus into Self-Sensitized Carbon Nitride Microspheres." Processes 11, no. 2 (January 17, 2023): 298. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/pr11020298.

Full text

Abstract:

SSCN is a new type of self-sensitive photocatalyst. It consists of oxygenated carbon nitride-containing microspheres inside and polymerized triazine dye (TBO) formed on its surface by in situ polymerization. The presence of TBO endows SSCN with a wide range of optical responses. However, the TBO would self-degrade under light, making SSCN extremely unstable in photocatalytic reactions and limiting the practical application of SSCN. The introduction of phosphorus into the structure of SSCN significantly improved the electron–hole separation efficiency and reduced the self-degradation of surface TBO. Phosphorus-doped self-sensitive carbon nitride microspheres (P-SSCN) are easily synthesized by a one-pot solvothermal method—the phosphorus source was added to the precursor solution of SSCN. This resulting material was used for the photodegradation of tetracycline hydrochloride (TC-HCl) for the first time, giving improved visible light sensitivity and high stability in the photocatalytic process. This provides a new method for modifying self-sensitive carbon nitride carbon.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

43

Kim, Nayeon, Chaeyeong Kim, Soo Ho Ryu, Go Oun Kim, and Jong-Sup Bae. "Anti-Inflammatory Effect of Sparstolonin B through Inhibiting Expression of NF-κB and STAT-1." International Journal of Molecular Sciences 23, no. 18 (September 6, 2022): 10213. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms231810213.

Full text

Abstract:

Sparstolonin B (SsnB), which is found in Sparganium stoloniferum, prevents the synthesis of inflammatory mediators and is related to functional pathways of survival. In this study, we assessed the possible protective functions of SsnB on lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced inflammatory responses. We determined the functions of SsnB on controlling heme oxygenase (HO)-1, cyclooxygenase (COX-)2, and inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) in LPS-activated human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs). Furthermore, the distinct function of SsnB on the expression of iNOS and well-known pro-inflammatory mediators, such as tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α and interleukin (IL)-1β, were assessed in the pulmonary histological status of LPS-injected mice. SsnB upregulated the HO-1 production, inhibited luciferase-NF-κB interaction, and lowered COX-2/PGE2 and iNOS/NO, which lead to the reduction of STAT-1 phosphorylation. Moreover, SsnB enhanced the nuclear translocation of Nrf2, elevated the binding activity between Nrf2 and antioxidant response elements (AREs), and weakened IL-1β expression on LPS-treated HUVECs. SsnB-suppressed iNOS/NO synthesis was restored by the process of the RNAi inhibition of HO-1. In experiment with an LPS-injected animal model, SsnB remarkably decreased the iNOS expression in the pulmonary biostructure and TNF-α level in the bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF). Therefore, these results demonstrate that SsnB is responsible for inflammation ameliorative activity by controlling iNOS through inhibition of both NF-κB expression and p-STAT-1. Therefore, SsnB could be a candidate for promoting novel clinical substances to remedy pathologic inflammation.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

44

Lin, Chih-Peng. "Comparative Effectiveness of Suprascapular Nerve Block in the Relief of Acute Post-Operative Shoulder Pain: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis." Pain Physician 7;19, no. 7;9 (September 14, 2016): 445–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.36076/ppj/2016.9.445.

Full text

Abstract:

Background: The suprascapular nerve accounts for 70% of shoulder sensory innervations, and suprascapular nerve block (SSNB) has been shown to be effective in the relief of chronic shoulder pain including rotator cuff tendinitis, subdeltoid impingement syndrome, and adhesive capsulitis. However, this remains inconclusive for patients undergoing surgery. The present meta-analysis aimed to explore the effectiveness of SSNB for relieving acute postoperative shoulder pain. Objective: To explore the effectiveness of SSNB for relieving acute post-operative shoulder pain. Study Design: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Setting: Services of general surgery, orthopaedics, and anaesthesiology. Methods: A systematic search of studies on SSNB for post-operative shoulder pain was conducted mainly in PubMed and Scopus. The standardized mean difference (SMD) of postoperative pain scales of SSNB versus placebo was treated as the primary outcome, whereas the odds ratio of nausea of SSNB versus placebo comprised the secondary outcome. Results: The meta-analysis included 7 randomized controlled trials and 2 comparative studies comprising 681 participants in total. The quantitative analysis showed a significantly lower pain level of SSNB versus placebo in the shoulder surgery patient group (SMD: -0.33; 95% confidence level [CI]: -0.51 to -0.15), but not in the non-shoulder surgery group (SMD: 0.28; 95% CI: -0.37 to 1.93). The pooled odds ratio of nausea in the SSNB arm compared with the placebo arm was 0.20 (95% CI: 0.09 to 0.45), indicating a reduction in the incidence of nausea following SSNB. Limitations: Heterogeneity of included trials. Conclusions: SSNB significantly reduced acute post-operative shoulder pain in the shoulder surgery group but not in patients undergoing laparoscopic surgery or thoracotomy. This suggests that SSNB can be used as a method of polymodal analgesia for patients undergoing shoulder surgery; however, it is not recommended for the non-shoulder surgery patient population. Key words: Suprascapular nerve, shoulder surgery, thoracotomy, laparoscopic surgery

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

45

Li, Ben-Wen, Hai-Geng Chen, Jun-Hu Zhou, Xin-Yu Cao, and Ke-Fa Cen. "The Spherical Surface Symmetrical Equal Dividing Angular Quadrature Scheme for Discrete Ordinates Method." Journal of Heat Transfer 124, no. 3 (May 10, 2002): 482–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/1.1459731.

Full text

Abstract:

A new angular quadrature scheme named Spherical surface Symmetrical equal Dividing (abbreviated to SSDN) is presented. The evaluations of double moments by SSDN and other traditional quadrature sets show that the new SSDN is able to provide good accuracy and compete well with others (as for example the SN and LSN method). Radiative predictions in a black-walled rectangular enclosure containing absorbing-emitting medium indicate that, compared with SN,LSN,TN, and SRAPN, the SSDN can give higher accuracy than SN under some order numbers N. Numerical experiments demonstrate the computational economy of SSDN for some cases.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

46

Parksook, Wasita W., Mahyar Heydarpour, Shadi K. Gholami, James M. Luther, Paul N. Hopkins, Luminita H. Pojoga, and Jonathan S. Williams. "Salt Sensitivity of Blood Pressure and Aldosterone: Interaction Between the Lysine-specific Demethylase 1 Gene, Sex, and Age." Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism 107, no. 5 (January 11, 2022): 1294–302. http://dx.doi.org/10.1210/clinem/dgac011.

Full text

Abstract:

Abstract Context Salt sensitivity of blood pressure (SSBP) is associated with increased cardiovascular risk, especially in individuals of African descent, although the underlying mechanisms remain obscure. Lysine-specific demethylase 1 (LSD1) is a salt-sensitive epigenetic regulator associated with SSBP and aldosterone dysfunction. An LSD1 risk allele in humans is associated with SSBP and lower aldosterone levels in hypertensive individuals of African but not European descent. Heterozygous knockout LSD1 mice display SSBP and aldosterone dysregulation, but this effect is modified by age and biological sex. This might explain differences in cardiovascular risk with aging and biological sex in humans. Objective This work aims to determine if LSD1 risk allele (rs587618) carriers of African descent display a sex-by-age interaction with SSBP and aldosterone regulation. Methods We analyzed 297 individuals of African and European descent from the HyperPATH cohort. We performed multiple regression analyses for outcome variables related to SSBP and aldosterone. Results LSD1 risk allele carriers of African (but not European) descent had greater SSBP than nonrisk homozygotes. Female LSD1 risk allele carriers of African descent had greater SSBP, mainly relationship-driven by women with low estrogen (postmenopausal). There was a statistically significant LSD1 genotype-sex interaction in aldosterone response to angiotensin II stimulation in individuals aged 50 years or younger, with female carriers displaying decreased aldosterone responsiveness. Conclusion SSBP associated with LSD1 risk allele status is driven by women with a depleted estrogen state. Mechanisms related to a resistance to develop SSBP in females are uncertain but may relate to an estrogen-modulating effect on mineralocorticoid receptor (MR) activation and/or LSD1 epigenetic regulation of the MR.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

47

Yen, Chieh, Ya-Li Huang, Mei Chung, and Yi-Chun Chen. "Sugar Content and Warning Criteria Evaluation for Popular Sugar-Sweetened Beverages in Taipei, Taiwan." Nutrients 14, no. 16 (August 15, 2022): 3339. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/nu14163339.

Full text

Abstract:

Sugar intake may increase the risk of obesity, cardiovascular disease, diabetes, and dental caries. In Taiwan, people frequently consume sugar-sweetened beverages (SSBs). This study explored the energy and sugar content of Taiwanese SSBs and evaluated them using the Chilean warning label system (>70 kcal/100 mL and >5 g sugar/100 mL) and the World Health Organization (WHO) sugar guideline (≤25 g sugar). A total of 341 SSBs with volumes ≤600 mL were analyzed. No significant differences were observed in sugar per serving among different types of SSBs, but a great variation in portion size (i.e., package size for individual consumption) was noted. The energy and sugar ratios per serving were lower in soft drinks and coffee and tea containing >1 serving than in those containing only one serving. The calorie and sugar ratios per portion were higher in all types of SSBs containing >1 serving per portion than in those containing exactly one serving. Approximately 70.0% of Taiwanese SSBs were classified as high sugar according to the Chilean criteria, and 41.6% of SSBs exceeded the WHO guideline. Moreover, 40.8% of SSBs that were not considered as high sugar according to the Chilean criteria contained >25 g sugar per portion. For individual consumption, it is more clear that nutrition labeling is based on portion rather than serving. Evaluating SSBs on sugar/portion rather than sugar/100 mL will help consumers make better choices.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

48

Xie, Yunyi, Han Qi, Wenjuan Peng, Bingxiao Li, Fuyuan Wen, Fengxu Zhang, and Ling Zhang. "Higher Potassium Intake and Lower Sodium Intake May Help in Reducing CVD Risk by Lowering Salt Sensitivity of Blood Pressure in the Han Chinese Population." Nutrients 14, no. 20 (October 21, 2022): 4436. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/nu14204436.

Full text

Abstract:

Sodium (Na) reduction with a parallel supplemental potassium (K) intake can prevent cardiovascular diseases (CVDs). The relationship of the urinary Na/K ratio and salt sensitivity of blood pressure (SSBP) with CVDs is not clearly explained. We assumed that the SSBP mediates the relationship between the Na/K ratio and CVDs. In total, 2055 subjects who had 24 h urine collected and SSBP determined were included in this study. CVD risk was estimated using the China-PAR equation. MediationMultivariate logistic regression was used to explore the associations between the Na/K ratio or SSBP with CVD risk. Mediation analysis using a logistic regression model was performed. Both the urinary Na/K ratio and SSBP were related to the estimated CVD risk (p < 0.05). The mediation analysis found that SSBP mediated approximately 12% of the association between Na/K ratio and CVD risk. Our findings indicate that higher K intake and lower Na intake may help in preventing CVD risk by reducing SSBP risk in individuals with normotension or stage-one hypertension.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

49

Ding, He, and Enhai Yu. "Subordinate-oriented strengths-based leadership and subordinate job performance: the mediating effect of supervisor–subordinate guanxi." Leadership & Organization Development Journal 41, no. 8 (September 8, 2020): 1107–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/lodj-09-2019-0414.

Full text

Abstract:

PurposeThe aim of the present study was to examine the association of subordinate-oriented strengths-based leadership (SSBL) with subordinates’ job performance (task performance and innovative behavior) as well as the meditating role of supervisor–subordinate guanxi (SSG) in these relationships.Design/methodology/approachSelf-report data on SSBL, SSG, task performance and innovative behavior were gathered from 642 Chinese employees working in various Chinese enterprises. Structural equation modeling was used to analyze the data.FindingsThe results indicated that SSBL is positively related to subordinates’ job performance (task performance and innovative behavior). Furthermore, SSG partially mediated the relationship of SSBL with task performance and with innovative behavior.Originality/valueThis study is the first to empirically examine the relationship of SSBL with job performance. In addition, this study adds to the knowledge on the SSBL–job performance linkage by investigating the mediational effect of SSG on the relationship.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

50

McGlynn, Nema, Tauseef Khan, Roselyn Zhang, Laura Chiavaroli, Fei Au-Yeung, Vasanti Malik, James Hill, et al. "Effect of Non-Nutritive Sweetened Beverages (NSBs) on Cardiometabolic Risk: A Network Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials." Current Developments in Nutrition 4, Supplement_2 (May 29, 2020): 1659. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/cdn/nzaa063_057.

Full text

Abstract:

Abstract Objectives Concerns exist that NSBs do not have established benefits, with major dietary guidelines recommending that water and not NSBs replace sugar-sweetened beverages (SSBs). Whether NSBs improve cardiometabolic risk factors similar to water in their intended substitution for SSBs is unclear. To inform the update of the European Association for the Study of Diabetes (EASD) clinical practice guidelines for nutrition therapy, we conducted a systematic review and network meta-analysis to assess the effect of substituting NSBs for SSBs, water for SSBs and NSBs for water on cardiometabolic risk factors in people with and without diabetes. Methods We searched MEDLINE, Embase and the Cochrane Library through March 2019. Randomized controlled trials (RCTs) ≥ 1 week comparing NSBs, SSBs, and/or water were included. Outcomes were measures of adiposity, glycemic control, lipids, blood pressure, nonalcoholic fatty liver disease and uric acid. Two independent reviewers extracted data and assessed risk of bias. A frequentist network meta-analysis was performed for the substitution of NSBs for SSBs, water for SSBs and NSBs for water. Data were expressed as mean (MD) or standardized mean (SMD) differences with 95% confidence intervals (CI). GRADE assessed certainty of evidence. Results We identified 14 RCTs (n = 1530) substituting NSBs for SSBs (7 trials, N = 483), NSBs for water (7 trials, n = 852) and water for SSBs (2 trials, n = 285) mostly in people at risk for or with diabetes. Substitution of NSBs for SSBs reduced body weight (MD, −1.11 kg [95% CI, −1.90 to –0.32]), BMI (−0.32 kg/m2 [−0.58 to –0.07]), body fat (−0.60% [−1.03 to –0.18]), triglycerides (−0.24 mmol/L [−0.45 to −0.02]), and liver fat (SMD, −0.44 [95% CI, −0.69 to –0.19]). Substitution of water for SSBs reduced only uric acid (–0.05 mmol/L [–0.08 to −0.01]). There was no effect of substituting NSBs for water on any outcome except HbA1c (0.21% [0.02 to 0.40]). The certainty of the evidence ranged from low to high. Conclusions The intended substitution of NSBs for SSBs improves cardiometabolic risk factors, showing similar benefits to water. The available evidence supports the use of NSBs as an alternative replacement strategy for SSBs. There is a need for more high-quality RCTs. (ClinicalTrials.gov identifier, NCT02879500) Funding Sources Diabetes and Nutrition Study Group of the EASD, CIHR, Diabetes Canada.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

Journal articles on the topic 'SSBN'

Create a spot-on reference in APA, MLA, Chicago, Harvard, and other styles