Journal articles on the topic 'Sri Lankan economy'
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Mujahid Hilal, Mohamed Ismail. "Sri Lanka’s Tea Economy: Issues and Strategies." Journal of Politics and Law 13, no. 1 (December 3, 2019): 1. http://dx.doi.org/10.5539/jpl.v13n1p1.
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While the competitiveness of the Sri Lanka’s tea is declining in the global market, it is very important for Sri Lankan tea to evidently identify the reasons for declining competitiveness and how Sri Lanka can face this challenge fulfilling the demand of global market. The Sri Lankan tea industry has lost its market leadership position in the global market. With declining production, increasing cost of production, low farm productivity and price competition in the international market, Sri Lankan tea industry has lost its competitive advantage. Secondary data and primary data have been used for this study. 53 interviews have been conducted for this study in Sri Lanka and in India. Despite the fact that Sri Lanka is one of the major producers of tea, the local tea industry does not earn enough to be viable. Global consumers are paying more than ten times the price received by the Sri Lankan producers. The value addition is taking place in the consuming countries and the economic benefits of higher price for value added tea products go to the consuming countries. In this context the viability of the Sri Lankan tea industry makes it imperative to adopt production of value-added tea products, promoting local brands in the global market and marketing the products in the international market. The government should also provide further supports to this tea industry to be uplifted in the country.
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Aslam, A. L. M. "Impact of Money Supply on Sri Lankan Economy: An Econometric Analysis." International Letters of Social and Humanistic Sciences 67 (March 2016): 11–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.18052/www.scipress.com/ilshs.67.11.
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Economists argue that the money supply positively impact on economic growth of nations. In Sri Lankan context this statement was not tested econometrically. Therefore, the aim of this study was to scrutinize the impact of money supply on Sri Lankan economy. To exam this objective, this study considered the time series data from the period of 1959 to 2013 and used two types of variables such as dependent and independent variables. Here, the gross domestic product was considered as dependent variable, and Money supply, Exchange rate, Exports earnings, Imports outflow, the Colombo consumer price index were deemed as independent variables. In the meantime, the multivariate econometric method was used to test the impacts of money supply on economic growth of Sri Lanka. According to the analytical results, the money supply has kept positive impact on the economic growth of Sri Lanka at 1% significant level. The R-squared of the estimated model was 92% which was indicated that the estimated model was desirable. Meanwhile, the Durbin Watson test statistic was 2.43 and also the Breusch –Godfrey serial correlation LM test results was greater than 5%. Therefore, these statistics indicated that, the estimated model was not suffering from serial correlation.
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Rathnayake, Chinthani, Bill Malcolm, Garry Griffith, and Alex Sinnette. "Trade Consequences of the Farm Production Regulation: The Glyphosate Ban in the Sri Lankan Tea Industry." Industria: Jurnal Teknologi dan Manajemen Agroindustri 11, no. 2 (December 31, 2022): 81–100. http://dx.doi.org/10.21776/ub.industria.2022.011.02.1.
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Abstract Tea manufacturing is an important industry for the Sri Lankan economy because it generates foreign income, which adds to gross domestic product of the country and creates employment opportunities. Tea has been exported to several countries from Sri Lanka for over a century, and Sri Lanka remains a leading tea exporter to date. Recently, the Sri Lankan government issues a policy which disadvantages the tea industry in the country. The government banned the use of glyphosate in the agricultural sector from 2015 to 2018 which directly or indirectly affects the tea industry. The policy brought a consequence where the farmers used illegal substances and other weedicides to control the weed. These consequences placed the Sri Lankan tea industry at risk since their final product is contains high amount of residual weedicide which exceeds the Maximum Residue Limit (MRL). In this paper, we use The Equilibrium Displacement Model to study the economic impact of rejections of tea consignments by Japan due to the excess use of 2-methyl-4-chlorophenoxyacetic acid (MCPA) in 2018. The demand of Sri Lankan bulk black tea by Japan has declined by 6.5% between 2017 and 2018. The estimated of the Sri Lankan tea industry from reduced demand for bulk black tea was Rs339 million. Keywords: tea industry, glyphosate ban, Sri Lanka Abstrak Teh adalah industri penting bagi perekonomian Sri Lanka karena menghasilkan devisa yang menambah produksi domestik bruto dan menciptakan lapangan kerja. Teh telah diekspor dari Sri Lanka selama lebih dari satu abad ke berbagai negara dan Sri Lanka tetap menjadi eksportir utama. Kebijakan pemerintah baru-baru ini yang memengaruhi sektor pertanian tidak menguntungkan bagi industri teh. Pelarangan penggunaan glifosat dari tahun 2015 hingga 2018 merupakan salah satu kebijakan yang berdampak signifikan terhadap industri teh, baik secara langsung maupun tidak langsung. Konsekuensi penggunaan formulasi pengendali gulma ilegal dan herbisida alternatif menempatkan industri teh pada keadaan yang beresiko melalui konsekuensi tidak disengaja dari kehilangan akses ke pasar ekspor teh karena insiden mengenai kelebihan Batas Maksimum Residu. Dalam tulisan ini, dampak ekonomi dari penolakan pengiriman teh dari Jepang karena penggunaan 2-methyl-4-chlorophenoxyacetic acid (MCPA) yang berlebihan pada tahun 2018 diselidiki dengan menggunakan Equilibrium Displacement Model pada industri teh. Permintaan ekspor Jepang untuk teh hitam curah turun 6,5% antara 2017 dan 2018. Perkiraan kerugian surplus ekonomi industri teh Sri Lanka dari penurunan permintaan teh hitam curah adalah Rs339 juta. Kata kunci: industri teh, larangan penggunaan glifosat, Sri Lanka
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Hathurusingha, Chanchala, Neda Abdelhamid, and David Airehrour. "Forecasting Models Based on Data Analytics for Predicting Rice Price Volatility: A Case Study of the Sri Lankan Rice Market." Journal of Information & Knowledge Management 18, no. 01 (March 2019): 1950006. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0219649219500060.
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Paddy rice is a staple food that is common among the Sri Lankan populace. However, the frequent price variation of rice has negatively impacted the Sri Lankan economy. This is due to the Sri Lankan rice market lacking the mechanisms to evaluate and predict future rice price variations, often leaving domestic traders and consumers affected by sudden price spikes. This study identifies the quantifiable economic factors that affect the sudden rice price variations and presents a viable mechanism for forecasting Domestic Rice Price (DRP). In addition, it establishes three different regression models to emphasise the relationship of DRP in Sri Lanka with three economic factors: International Rice Price (IRP), International Crude Oil Price (ICOP), and USD Exchange Rate. Further, a time series model is formulated to forecast future variations in DRP while advancing factors that have a significant, but negative, correlative impact on the DRP. The results presented in this study show that the models proposed can be used by relevant food authorities to predict sudden hikes and dips in DRP, allowing them to establish a robust price control system.
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Kesavarajah, Mayandy. "Wagner's Law in Sri Lanka: An Econometric Analysis." ISRN Economics 2012 (November 3, 2012): 1–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.5402/2012/573826.
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This study examines whether there is empirical evidence that Wagner's law holds in the Sri Lankan economy using time series annual data over the period from 1960 to 2010 for Sri Lanka, applying cointegration and error correction modeling (ECM) techniques. In particular, this study keeps a special focus to examine the validity of six versions of Wagner's hypothesis, which support the existence of long-run relationship between public expenditure and economic growth. The empirical evidence of this study indicates that while there prevail is a short-run relationship between public expenditure and economic growth, the long-run results showed no strong evidence in support of the validity of the Wagner’s law for Sri Lankan economy. Granger causality analysis also confirms this result. Therefore, the findings of this study pave to broaden this study further for a deeper understanding about the relationship between public expenditure and economic growth by giving more attention on individual items of public expenditure and by including more macroeconomic variables in the econometric model using different methodology in future.
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Waghmode, Pratik Someshwar. "Investigative Study of Economic Crisis in Sri Lanka." International Journal for Research in Applied Science and Engineering Technology 10, no. 5 (May 31, 2022): 5359–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.22214/ijraset.2022.42919.
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Abstract: This paper analyses the reasons and scenario of the current economic crisis in Sri Lanka. The study examines the possible reasons for the crisis, its ongoing impact on GDP, tourism industry, and on Sri Lankan rupee against other major currencies in the world. The paper shows that Forex reserves of Sri Lanka mainly depend on Tourism revenue, thus underscoring the importance of the tourism industry. But due to current circumstances of the Covid-19 and its severe impacts leads to a high decline in tourism revenue which ultimately affects the country’s reserves. This resulted in the high depreciation in the value of the Sri Lankan rupee against other major currencies in the world. To assess if the country has enough reserves, we have used the Guidotti - Greenspan rule and we found that since the Covid pandemic has begun, Sri Lanka has been unable to follow this rule and the ratio of reserves to short term debt is continuously decreasing. The external sector of Sri Lanka is also not performing well due to the sharp decline in exports. The IMF has approved a bailout package through its Special Drawing Rights to get over this crisis. Therefore, appropriate actions must be undertaken to overcome the crisis and revive the economy
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Selvanayagam, S., and A. M. M. Mustafa. "The Impact Of Unemployment And Interest Rate On Inflation In Sri Lanka." GIS Business 13, no. 4 (August 22, 2018): 54–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.26643/gis.v13i4.4685.
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Three major economic indicators such as Inflation, unemployment and interest rate have an important role in an economy in terms of sustainable development. The long-term progress of the Sri Lankan economy is destabilized. The linkage or the impact among these variables is very important for developing country such as Sri Lanka to overcome the destabilized hurdles. The study intends to investigate the impact of unemployment and interest rate on inflation in Sri Lanka. Also, this study was analyzed the short and long run relationship among the variables. Phillip’s relationship between the variables inflation and unemployment also was discussed in details. Fifty-three years of annual data for period of 1953- 2015 of the variables inflation, unemployment, interest rate, money supply (M2) and government expenditure used for the analysis. Parametric and non-parametric approaches have been employed in this study. The Autoregressive Distributed Lag (ARDL) model with co-integration technique has been employed to find the short and long run relationship of the variable. The statistical package EViews 9 and Microsoft excel were used for the analysis. The study reveals that unemployment is negatively impact on inflation in short and long run in Sri Lanka, which is statistically significance. Further, the study revealed that the Phillip’s relationship between inflation and unemployment exist in Sri Lankan economy. The interest rate is also negatively impact on inflation in short run and positively impact in long run. Results are statistically significance at 5% confidence level and theoretically expected. This study recommends that the relationship between the variables should be noted and utilized the Engine of growth concept in order to achieve sustainable development of Sri Lanka. Job opportunities to be extended further more. Further, the study suggests that using quarterly data to analysis this kind of time series will reflect relationship accurate.
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Weerasinghe, Erandi, and Tissa Ravinda Perera. "Determinants of Balance of Trade in the Sri Lankan Economy." International Journal of Trade, Economics and Finance 10, no. 1 (February 2019): 17–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.18178/ijtef.2019.10.1.631.
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Ahmad, Moid U., and Hetti Arachchige Gamini Premaratne. "Effect of Low and Negative Interest Rates: Evidence from Indian and Sri Lankan Economies." Business Perspectives and Research 6, no. 2 (April 18, 2018): 90–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/2278533718764503.
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Interest rates are critical to any economy. Usually the central bank of a country supervises and tries to control the interest rates but there is always an element of uncontrollable effects: local or international. A central bank adopts a monetary strategy to affect various macroeconomic parameters such as inflation, exchange rate (ER), economic growth and many others. A country may decide to adopt Ultra-low Interest Rate Policy (ULIRP) or Negative Interest Rate Policy (NIRP) or a policy with moderate/high rate of interest. In today’s global business scenario, economies are connected and influence one another. The US and UK economies have seen a very low and negative interest rates historically, at least in recent past. Indian and Sri Lankan economies are integrated with the US and UK economies and thus are affected by their prevailing interest rates. The effect of low and zero interest rate policy of a country (USA and UK) on interest rates and economy of co-integrated economies (India and Sri Lanka) have been studied in this research. The objective of this study is to understand the implications of ULIRPs and NIRPs in the context of Indian and Sri Lankan economies. Two significant conclusions of the research are that Indian and Sri Lankan economies are affected by the US and UK policies and that they are affected at a lag of eight years.
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Guneratne, Arjun. "The Cosmopolitanism of Environmental Activists in Sri Lanka." Nature and Culture 3, no. 1 (March 1, 2008): 98–114. http://dx.doi.org/10.3167/nc.2008.030107.
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This paper examines the emergence in Sri Lanka of transcultural thinking about environmental issues as well as the activism it engenders by examining the role of the Anglophone Sri Lankan elite as the chief protagonists historically of environmentalism in the country. It also examines one of Sri Lanka's leading NGOs, Environmental Foundation Ltd. (EFL) as an example of the activism of this class. EFL's perspective on environmental issues has its origins in the transformations wrought by colonialism in the country's class structure and in the introduction of European ideas of nature to the country's newly emergent middle-class. Modelled on the Natural Resources Defense Council of the United States, EFL was a new kind of environmental organization in Sri Lanka and a response to globalization and Sri Lanka's increasing integration into the global economy. Unlike the handful of environmental NGOS that existed in the late seventies, which were essentially pressure groups, EFL was conceived, on the model of NRDC, as a public interest law firm, and drew on international models to frame its arguments about the application of the law in the cause of environmental protection. This paper examines how these various factors—the social class of the activists and the processes of institution building—shaped a cosmopolitan environmental discourse in Sri Lanka whose roots lie in urban Sri Lankan middle class culture as it emerged and was transformed during colonial rule and in the various discourses of globalization that have been drawn on by Sri Lankan activists to craft their own arguments.
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Samantha, NPG, and Haiyun Liu. "The Effect of Foreign Direct Investment on Industrial Sector Growth: Evidence from Sri Lanka." Journal of Asian Development 4, no. 2 (August 10, 2018): 88. http://dx.doi.org/10.5296/jad.v4i2.13339.
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The development of the industrial sector stimulates economic growth and development by reducing poverty and regional disparity, increasing export income, generating quality employment, as well as developing technological capabilities and productive capacities. It has been more than four decades since removing trade-related barriers, and tax incentives liberalized the Sri Lankan economy offered to foreign investors to attract FDI and promote the industrial sector. Hence, the objective of this study is to investigate the relationship between inward FDI and industrial sector performance of Sri Lanka at the aggregate level for the period 1980-2016. We use the Auto Regressive Distributed Lag (ARDL) model to identify the long-run relationship and short-run dynamics of the selected variables. ARDL bounds test verifies the existence of co-integration among the selected variables. The study fails to find a significant relationship between FDI and industrial sector growth of Sri Lanka in the long run as well as in the short run. The attraction of vertically integrated FDI that consists with advanced technology and value-added production is one of the solutions for overcoming the issue of low technology and knowledge of Sri Lankan industrial sector. Sri Lankan FDI strategy associated with industrial sector should consider the pull and push factors related to recipient and source country respectively. To promote the industrial sector via FDI, the government policy should focus on attracting more FDI that could be channeled into those sectors that would contribute to national competitiveness.
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Ghosh, Partha Pratim, and Debesh Chakraborty. "The Structure of the Sri Lankan Economy." Artha Vijnana: Journal of The Gokhale Institute of Politics and Economics 44, no. 3-4 (December 1, 2002): 333. http://dx.doi.org/10.21648/arthavij/2002/v44/i3-4/115853.
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Perera, M. S. S. "Impact of the Indo-Sri Lanka Free Trade Agreement on the Sri Lankan Economy." South Asia Economic Journal 9, no. 1 (June 2008): 1–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/139156140700900101.
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Sumanasiri, Ayoma. "Exploring Barriers to International Trade Faced by Sri Lankan Exporters to the Indian Market." Advances in Social Sciences Research Journal 8, no. 2 (February 8, 2021): 1–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.14738/assrj.82.9661.
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In recent decades, India has emerged as a major economy in the world. Although Sri Lanka is situated in close proximity to India and has entered into trade agreements with India to boost its international trade, it has still not been able to achieve the expected level of growth in exports to India. Based on the 2019 United Nations COMTRAD data, India is the third largest export destination of Sri Lanka, and the export revenue from trade with India amounted to US $ 759 million in 2019. However, the statistics in the past years indicate a drop in Sri Lankan export revenue to India from $ 767 million in 2018 to $ 759 million in 2019. In spite of different bilateral and multilateral trade agreements entered into between the two countries, Sri Lankan export performance still remains unsatisfactory. This indicates that apart from tariff reductions, certain other non-tariff barriers influence international trade performance between the two countries. Therefore, this study aims to explore barriers to Sri Lankan exporters which undermine their international trade performance in the Indian market. The study follows a qualitative research methodology and has collected data using face-to-face unstructured interviews with twenty (20) respondents representing different stakeholders engaged in the process of exporting from Sri Lanka to India. The collected data was coded and analyzed through template analysis. Findings revealed thirty-five (35) important factors which influence successful penetration into and performance in the Indian market. The results reveal that host market and home market characteristics have a greater impact on successful performance in the Indian market than product or firm characteristics.
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Naranpanawa, Athula, and Jayatilleke Bandara. "Can trade liberalisation bring benefits to the war-affected regions and create economic stability in post-war Sri Lanka?" International Journal of Social Economics 44, no. 12 (December 4, 2017): 1710–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/ijse-06-2016-0169.
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Purpose There is a large body of literature on the link between trade liberalisation, growth and poverty. However, less attention has been paid to the relationship between trade and regional disparities. The purpose of this paper is to identify and quantify the regional impacts of trade liberalisation, particularly in the war-affected regions and to understand to what extent trade reforms can contribute to the post-war recovery process and long-term economic and political stability in Sri Lanka. Design/methodology/approach The authors developed a single country multi-regional computable general equilibrium (CGE) model for the Sri Lankan economy to meet the need for a detailed country study as emphasised in the recent literature. Findings Both short-run and long-run results suggest that all regions including war-affected regions in the country gain from trade liberalisation, although gains are uneven across regions. Furthermore, the results suggest that war-affected regions gain more relative to some other regions in the long run. Originality/value According to the best of the authors’ knowledge within country regional impact of trade liberalisation using a multi-regional CGE model has never been attempted for Sri Lanka. The results of this study, even though based on Sri Lankan data, will be relevant to other developing countries engulfed in internal conflicts with regional economic disparities.
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Rankaduwa, Wimal, U. L. Gouranga Rao, and Tomson Ogwang. "A forecasting model of the Sri Lankan economy." Economic Modelling 12, no. 4 (October 1995): 343–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0264-9993(95)00024-0.
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Athapaththu, Jayani Chamarika, and Busige Nishantha. "Information and Communication Technology Adoption in SMEs in Sri Lanka; Current level of ICT Usage and Perceived Barriers." International Journal of E-Entrepreneurship and Innovation 8, no. 1 (January 2018): 1–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/ijeei.2018010101.
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Information communication technology (ICT), considered as one of the major impacts of organizational performance and small and medium enterprises (SMEs), plays a significant role in the Sri Lankan economy as a strategic partner. Thus, the article examines current levels of ICT usage and perceived barriers to ICT adoption in SMEs in Sri Lanka. The findings revealed that despite the majority of respondents using IT for essential functions, they lacked proper internal IT infrastructures, personal motivation, had internet connection issues, trust issues, and lack of knowledge. These factors were identified as the perceived barriers to ICT adoption in SMEs in Sri Lanka. Data was collected from 67 SME owners from Sri Lanka, except the North province, in November 2016. The findings offer valuable insights to policy makers in general and to the SME owners. The methodology, implications, and suggestions are also discussed.
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Ng, Lee Keng, Balbir Bhasin, and Jim Beard. "Cultural Impediments to Entrepreneurship Development." IJEBD (International Journal of Entrepreneurship and Business Development) 4, no. 6 (November 30, 2021): 808–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.29138/ijebd.v4i5.1482.
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Purpose: The country direly needs to develop its entrepreneurial capability which is the key engine for economic development and poverty eradication. The Sri Lankan culture embraces collectivism and the traditional values of Theravada Buddhism, a belief system which inherently functions against the fostering of entrepreneurial spirit. Removing impediments to entrepreneurship is a key challenge for the country.
Findings: Sri Lanka is presently recovering from the destruction of the economy because of 30 years of civil war. The country is confronted by high government debt representing almost 80% of the GDP. Almost half of the population lived on less than $5 per day in 2013.
Originality/value: Using Sri Lanka as a case in point, this paper assesses the influence culture has on entrepreneurship and explores initiatives and measures that can be used to strengthen inherent cultural values that stimulate entrepreneurial spirit, encourage risk-taking, and in turn promote economic development.
Paper type: Research paper.
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Kumarasinghe, Pivithuru Janak, and Anuraj Wickramasinghe. "Population Pyramid And Economic Growth: An Econometric analysis of Sri Lanka." International Journal of Management Excellence 10, no. 3 (April 30, 2018): 1348–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.17722/ijme.v10i3.979.
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Economists are torn between basically three schools of thoughts where the first theory states that the population growth will stimulate the economic growth of a country and other believes that the population growth will bring detrimental or adverse impact to the economic growth. Not only that, but there is another school of thought, which believes that the population growth is a neutral factor in economic growth. Given this diverse of opinions, through this study it is expected to established a firm relationship between the population growth and the economic growth of Sri Lanka. This study developed an econometric model using time series data from 1980 to 2015 and tested the relationship not only the GDP of Sri Lanka, but other significant variables of an economy such as Domestic Savings, Private consumption and Total Investment as well. The results of this study indicate absence of a long term relationship between the population growth and the GDP of Sri Lanka and there will be no any relationship between the other selected variables and the population growth of Sri Lanka. The Granger Causality Analysis found out a unidirectional relationship between the GDP and the population growth, running from population growth to GDP. The study concludes that in Sri Lankan context, the population growth will not have any significant impact on the economic growth.
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ALM, Mujahid. "Contribution of Siddi Lebbe for Educational Development of Sri Lankan Muslims – A Historical perspective." Indian Journal of Tamil 3, no. 1 (December 23, 2021): 1–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.54392/ijot2211.
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Mr. Siddilebbe was one of the great personalities of Sri Lanka. He was a lawyer, educationist, scholar, philosopher, divination, writer, publisher, social reformer, proctor, visionary and Muslim community leader. Also as the leader of Sri Lankan Muslim community, he guided the Muslims to be released from the traditional conservative thoughts of refusing modernization to forward looking one in order to survive in the prevailing contemporary situation. During the era of Siddi Lebbe, the Muslims face a huge drawback in all the fields such a political, economic and social. The service rendered by Mr Siddi Lebbe were widespread and countless in the fields of politics, economy, education, culture and religion of Sri Lankan Muslims. We can figure out these facts when we analyze and asses his works and services accomplished by him having considered the prevailed situations of Muslims in the 19th century. Thus the ultimate aim of this research is to bring to light the contributions made by Mr Siddi Lebbe to the development of motherland, to both Muslims and the other brotherly communities. Furthermore, I hope this would be secondary date based research and useful for those who engage in researches about the great scholar Mr Siddi Lebbe.
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Atigala, P., T. Maduwanthi, V. Gunathilake, S. Sathsarani, and Ruwan Jayathilaka. "A Flourishing or Faltering Economy: Unemployment Impacting Sri Lankan Economic Growth." Sri Lanka Journal of Economic Research 10, no. 2 (February 3, 2023): 29. http://dx.doi.org/10.4038/sljer.v10i2.182.
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Athukorala, Prema-Chandra, and Sisira Jayasuriya. "Economic Policy Shifts in Sri Lanka: The Post-Conflict Development Challenge." Asian Economic Papers 12, no. 2 (June 2013): 1–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.1162/asep_a_00203.
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The end of the long civil war in Sri Lanka in 2009 generated widespread expectations of a peace dividend that would enable the country to embark on a period of sustained economic growth. Recent developments have dampened that optimism, however, rekindling fears that Sri Lanka's tale of missed opportunities may continue. After showing remarkable resilience during decades of war and conflict, the Sri Lankan economy has failed to capitalize on the window of opportunity presented by the end of the military conflict. In the aftermath of military victory, there has been a sharp reversal of trade liberalization and a marked shift back towards nationalist-populist state-centered economic policies, reflecting the pressures of resurgent nationalism, an unprecedented concentration of political power in a small ruling group, and the influence of some powerful vested interests. Unfortunately, a return to the failed past policies of inward-oriented development strategies offers no viable solutions for the problems confronting small, capital- and resource-poor countries in today's globalized world. Sri Lanka must change both its political practices and economic policies drastically and urgently to cope with the huge development challenges facing it in an environment of global economic turbulence.
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Samaranayake, D. I. J. "Title: Reflects the Hidden: Measuring Sri Lankan Shadow Economy." Asian Economic and Financial Review 7, no. 7 (2017): 656–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.18488/journal.aefr.2017.77.656.676.
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Wickramaarachchi, W. P. T. M., S. S. N. Perera, and S. Jayasinghe. "COVID-19 Epidemic in Sri Lanka: A Mathematical and Computational Modelling Approach to Control." Computational and Mathematical Methods in Medicine 2020 (October 16, 2020): 1–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2020/4045064.
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The ongoing COVID-19 outbreak that originated in the city of Wuhan, China, has caused a significant damage to the world population and the global economy. It has claimed more than 0.8 million lives worldwide, and more than 27 million people have been infected as of 07th September 2020. In Sri Lanka, the first case of COVID-19 was reported late January 2020 which was a Chinese national and the first local case was identified in the second week of March. Since then, the government of Sri Lanka introduced various sequential measures to improve social distancing such as closure of schools and education institutes, introducing work from home model to reduce the public gathering, introducing travel bans to international arrivals, and more drastically, imposed island wide curfew expecting to minimize the burden of the disease to the Sri Lankan health system and the entire community. Currently, there are 3123 cases with 12 fatalities and also, it was reported that 2925 patients have recovered and are discharged from hospitals, according to the Ministry of Health, Sri Lanka. In this study, we use the SEIR conceptual model and its modified version by decomposing infected patients into two classes: patients who show mild symptoms and patients who tend to face severe respiratory problems and are required to be treated in intensive care units. We numerically simulate the models for about a five-month period reflecting the early stage of the epidemic in the country, considering three critical parameters of COVID-19 transmission mainly in the Sri Lankan context: efficacy of control measures, rate of overseas imported cases, and time to introduce social distancing measures by the respective authorities.
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De Costa, Merinnage Nelani. "Representation of Migrant Women Workers and their Negotiations with the Nation: A Study of Selected Sri Lankan English Fiction." New Literaria 03, no. 02 (2022): 86–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.48189/nl.2022.v03i2.011.
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Migrant women workers are the main income generators of their families and they contribute to the Sri Lankan economy as a vital part of the labour force. This research explores their representations in Sri Lankan English fiction in terms of how they are perceived and negotiate with their identities. The methodology of this study includes a textual analysis of selected Sri Lankan English fiction such as Vijita Fernando’s “The Homecoming” (1984), Punyakante Wijenaike’s “Anoma” (1996) and Jean Arasanayagam’s The Famished Waterfall (2004). This research aims to scrutinize the representations of migrant women workers within the dominant ideological framework where women are primarily perceived as the cultural disseminators of their nation. One of the research questions of this study is to determine the extent to which migrant women workers are considered transgressive according to the conventional beliefs and values in the mainstream society where women are symbolically equated to the nation. The other is to inquire what are the ways in which these workers come to terms with their identities, interpersonal relationships and negotiations in their journeys from home to host countries. Both questions are deliberated concerning the representation of migrant women workers in Sri Lankan English fiction. Therefore, this research concludes that the narratives of migrant women workers in Sri Lankan English fiction negotiate with their identities, families and interpersonal negotiations. It also critiques the hegemonic and heteropatriarchal perception of such domestic workers within the dominant ideological framework of the nation.
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Ramachandra, Thanuja, and Nisa Zainudeen. "The Relationship Between Sri Lankan Economy and The Property Market." Built-Environment Sri Lanka 7, no. 1 (May 31, 2010): 3. http://dx.doi.org/10.4038/besl.v7i1.1949.
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Malagammanage Dimuthu Piyumika Nayanarangani, Dissanayaka Mudiyanselage Shiromi Himalika Dissanayaka, and Jayaneththi Pathirannehelage Harshani Upulika Jayaneththi. "Solid wastes generation and its management in tourist destinations of Sri Lanka." Global Journal of Engineering and Technology Advances 12, no. 2 (August 30, 2022): 106–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.30574/gjeta.2022.12.2.0144.
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In the recent decade (2009-2019), the tourism industry has become a major driving force Sri Lankan economy. It accounts for 12.6 % of the country's GDP and is considered one of the significant employment generators in the service sector. However, it is an industry that generates a decent amount of solid waste, but a few research findings rely on this to verify. Hence, this review study aimed to identify, quantify, and characterize different types of waste in major tourist destinations of Sri Lanka with adopted management strategies. Solid waste generation in touristic locations is varied between 1 to 12 kg per guest per day, which mainly depend on the tourist attributes, the season of the year, and the prevailing environmental legislation of the country. The management of solid waste in tourist destinations is particularly problematic due to climatic conditions, topography, financial restraints, planning issues, changing consumption patterns, transient population, and seasonal variations in solid waste quantity and composition. Improper waste management methods, lack of essential facilities, underestimation of actual waste generation rates, and inadequate management and technical skills are the key factors attributed to the poor waste management of developing countries like Sri Lanka. Overall, the literature concludes that the proper management of solid waste would enhance the sustainable development of the tourism industry and economy of Sri Lanka.
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Liyanagamage, Champika. "Bank Competition and Economic Growth." International Journal of Finance & Banking Studies (2147-4486) 10, no. 1 (March 10, 2021): 20–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.20525/ijfbs.v10i1.1032.
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This paper provides rather scares evidence on the nexus between bank competition and economic growth in a unique developing economy; Sri Lanka for the period 1996-2018. The effect of competition in the Sri Lankan banking sector on economic growth, and the mechanisms through which competition affects growth are analyzed in the present paper. The VEC model used in this study was aimed at capturing independently the short and long-term effect of bank competition on economic growth. The competition is measured with Pazar-Ross H- Statistics. Contrary to the common wisdom, the study found evidence for negative effects of bank competition, on economic growth in the short run. However, in the long run, this effect is strong and positive. Further, the statistical results of this paper revealed that higher bank competition channels economic growth through interest rate and bank efficiency. These findings have important policy implications as it gives great insight into the complexity of competition related conduct in developing countries.
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Hadiwattege, Chandanie, Sepani Senaratne, Yasangika Sandanayake, and Nirodha Gayani Fernando. "Academic research in emerging knowledge-based economies." Built Environment Project and Asset Management 8, no. 4 (September 10, 2018): 415–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/bepam-12-2017-0134.
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Purpose Knowledge-based economies are popular in the present world. Simultaneously, universities are becoming more responsible for leading economic development through research. As a key contributor to the national economy, it is vital for the construction industry to move beyond outdated practices, and hence, reviewing the role of academic research in empowering the construction industry with knowledge is essential. The purpose of this paper is to focus on how relevant theories conceptualise the expected role of academic research in the innovative development of an industry and the specific location in the Sri Lankan construction industry. Design/methodology/approach Following a comprehensive literature review, empirical data were collected from the Sri Lankan context with a mixed approach informed by a pragmatist philosophical stance. The perspective of academia and industry practitioners were deductively obtained through surveys and inductively explored through qualitative interviews. Findings This study provides evidence that academic research in Sri Lanka does not contribute effectively to innovative construction management. Due to the absence of industry-focussed knowledge dissemination strategies, the academic–industry relationships are mostly non-research based. The industry lacks in research-informed-decision making, leading to lesser innovations. Research limitations/implications The research conclusions are more applicable to the developing country construction industry contexts. Practical implications The research urges the need for improved academic–industry research collaborations and strategic knowledge dissemination movements. Originality/value The research confirms that academic research is a major integral part of the developing construction industry in a knowledge-based economy. In establishing the expected role of academic research, the research revealed the current practice to be under-located. Hence, the research prescribes the necessary actions; research collaborations in major and subsequent requirements.
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Thevakumar, Presant, and Ruwan Jayathilaka. "Exchange rate sensitivity influencing the economy: The case of Sri Lanka." PLOS ONE 17, no. 6 (June 16, 2022): e0269538. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0269538.
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This particular study investigated the possibility of modelling the exchange rate volatility of the USD/LKR currency pair and analysed whether macroeconomic factors influence the exchange rate. To model the exchange rate volatility, a combination of Autoregressive integrated moving average (ARIMA) and generalized autoregressive conditional heteroskedasticity (GARCH) family models were used. The ARDL model was utilized to explore the presence of dynamic short-run and long-run relationships between the exchange rate and macroeconomic variables. The ARDL model empirical findings inferred that a long-run relationship does not exist between any of the examined macroeconomic variables and the exchange rate. In contrast, a short-run relationship exists between exchange rate lag one, exchange rate lag two, inflation, and merchandising trade balance. Thereby, as per the findings improving the merchandising trade balance and minimising inflation would minimise volatility in the exchange rate. All stakeholders who are exposed to foreign exchange volatility including policymakers, importers, exporters, and financial institutions can benefit from this study’s findings. This research focused on the most recent economic phenomena of Sri Lanka and used Gross official reserve as a variable that was rarely used in existing literature on Sri Lankan exchange rate.
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Perera, Travis. "Creative Destruction and the Aftermath of the Tsunami." Industry and Higher Education 21, no. 1 (February 2007): 99–107. http://dx.doi.org/10.5367/000000007780222769.
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The tsunami of 26 December 2004 killed over 35,000 people in Sri Lanka, made 400,000 jobless and damaged the economy by 6·5%. The physical damage was around US$1·5billion, with reconstruction costing $2 billion. Although entrepreneurs are opportunity seekers, take risks and thrive in uncertainty, the alignment of competency and institutional support was not fully realized for recovery. This problem is studied by revisiting inertia theory (to understand entrepreneurial inertia), network theory (for the interaction of environment and entrepreneur), and theory on disaster management (to understand stage-related issues). The objective of the paper is to provide insights into the current recovery process and future preparedness for small business management following natural disasters. The paper is based on a survey of 89 Sri Lankan small businesses affected by the tsunami which are now in the process of recovery. The procedures and techniques adopted by the Postgraduate Institute of Management in Sri Lanka, based on active participation combined with observation and systems design, proved highly effective in aiding entrepreneurs on their path to recovery.
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Amarasinghe, Hemantha, Ruwan Duminda Jayasinghe, Dilantha Dharmagunawardene, Manjula Attygalla, Paul A. Scuffham, Newell Johnson, and Sanjeewa Kularatna. "Economic burden of managing oral cancer patients in Sri Lanka: a cross-sectional hospital -based costing study." BMJ Open 9, no. 7 (July 2019): e027661. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/bmjopen-2018-027661.
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ObjectiveCancer of the oral cavity is the leading malignancy among males in Sri Lanka, and sixth among women. This study aimed to estimate costs of managing patients with oral cancer (OCA) in Sri Lanka for a 12 month period from diagnosis.DesignHospital based costing study.SettingsFour selected cancer treatment centres in Sri Lanka.ParticipantsSixty-nine OCA patients: 60 were males and 12 had recurrent tumours.OutcomeSocietal perspectives (healthcare, household and indirect costs) were itemised. Costs to the healthcare system included surgery, Intensive Care Unit (ICU) care, chemotherapy and radiotherapy. Capital costs including apportioned value of land, buildings, equipment and furniture. Household costs consisted of out of pocket expenditure for healthcare and indirect costs of lost income. Costs were estimated from the stage of presentation for treatment to 1 year of follow-up.ResultsMean cost of managing a single stage II OCA patient for 1 year was Sri Lankan rupees (SLR) 58 979 (US$394, at the midyear exchange rate in 2016) to the health system. Mean household cost was SLR 77 649 (US$518). The annual cost of managing a stage III or IV patient was SLR 303 620 (US$2027), with household costs of SLR 71 932 (US$480).ConclusionsOwing to the high incidence of OCA in Sri Lanka, the economic costs associated with these diseases are enormous, resulting in negative impacts on both the healthcare system and individual families, seriously impacting the country’s economy. Policy-makers should take note of this burden and increase steps for prevention and control of this devastating disease.
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Samad, Madar. "Water institutional reforms in Sri Lanka." Water Policy 7, no. 1 (February 1, 2005): 125–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/wp.2005.0008.
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This paper reviews water institutional reforms in Sri Lanka by contrasting those observed during the 1980s with those proposed during the 1990s. While the earlier reforms focused on the irrigation sector that yielded quicker benefits and low political risks, recent reforms have covered macro institutions and the whole water sector where the benefits are gradual and less visible but with high political risks. As the earlier reforms were packaged as part of larger investment programs, they had in-built incentives and strong proponents. But recent reforms not only lacked such conditions but also faced an ideologically charged hostile environment. Despite the current failure of the reforms, their future prospect is not that bleak in view of the emerging consensus on most issues and the continuing government commitment to reform. The Sri Lankan case also provides evidence for the effects of transaction cost and political economy factors, the tactical benefits of reform packaging, sequencing and timing, and the role of stakeholders' perception, learning and information in articulating the demand for change.
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Bandara, Chamali, D. M. P. P. Dissanayake, Gayani Karunasena, and Nadun Madhusanka. "Mitigation of challenges in sustaining green certification in the Sri Lankan hotel sector." Built Environment Project and Asset Management 8, no. 5 (November 12, 2018): 515–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/bepam-10-2017-0102.
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Purpose The successful continuation of green certification in the Sri Lankan hotel sector is vital for tourism industry as well as the economy of the country as it balances the economic interests with social and environmental responsibilities. However, it has become an issue in the Sri Lankan hospitality and tourism industry to sustain green certification due to many challenges. The prevailing situation highlights the need of exploring long-term strategies to mitigate challenges in sustaining green certification which has not been researched to date. Thus, the purpose of this paper is to propose strategies to mitigate challenges in sustaining green certification in the hotel sector in Sri Lanka. Design/methodology/approach In total, 3 hotels were selected as cases of the study and 12 semi-structured interviews were conducted with engineers, maintenance managers and supervisors, who are responsible for sustaining green certificates at such hotels. The collected data were subjected to cross-case analysis to determine challenges in sustaining green certification. The findings were analysed with the support of the QSR.NVivo version 11.0 computer software. Findings Challenges were identified in detail under five main categories. They are technical, managerial, political and legal, environment and biological and social and cultural. Such challenges include design and construction defects, use of poor quality building and other materials, improper maintenance practices, incomplete and unclear construction documents, plans and specifications, resource limitations, insufficient budget allocations, government intervention, legal constraints, lack of user awareness and natural environmental conditions. Finally, strategies to mitigate such challenges are proposed based on empirical research findings. Research limitations/implications Only the Green Globe certified hotels in Sri Lanka were selected considering their need to renew certification annually. Further, interviewees were selected mainly focusing on the operational phase of a building. Hence, the findings were mostly limited to the perceptions and knowledge areas of selected interviewees. This can be highlighted as a primary limitation of the research, where a further study should be carried out on the perceptions of design stage professionals incorporating design stage challenges and strategies into the study. Originality/value The proposed strategies can be pursued by hoteliers to mitigate challenges in sustaining green certification, which will ultimately facilitate to balance economic interests with social and environmental responsibilities.
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Sriskandarajah, Dhananjayan. "The Returns of Peace in Sri Lanka: The Development Cart before the Conflict Resolution Horse?" Journal of Peacebuilding & Development 1, no. 2 (September 2003): 21–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/15423166.2003.967034101984.
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The current peace process between the Sri Lankan government and the Liberation Tigers of Tamil Eelam (LTTE) is unprecedented on several counts: talks have never lasted this long, been this stable, or been at such a high level in the past. Also unprecedented, and perhaps key to the early success of the process, has been an agreement (referred to in this article as the ‘Killinochchi consensus’) between the main stakeholders that the first priority of conflict resolution is realising the ‘peace dividend’. This has resulted in considerable action and cooperation on reconstruction of the war-torn Northeast and development of the island's economy. It is suggested here that, apart from their direct benefits, these efforts have two further aims: to bolster popular support for the peace initiative, and to foster cooperation between the two negotiating sides ahead of discussions on more contentious issues. Also novel in the Sri Lankan case has been the willingness of international donors, particularly the international financial institutions, to get involved in the peace process well before a permanent solution has been achieved. While several questions remain about the nature and scope of the development imperative, whether it has been correctly sequenced, and whether it can deliver a sustainable peace, a constructive and pragmatic approach to peacebuilding through development holds some promise in Sri Lanka and perhaps elsewhere.
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A.K.K.R. Jayathilaka, K.P.B. Karunarathne, M.T.S Perera, and P.S. Dissanayake. "“Make-upping” the Suppression”: A Qualitative Inquiry in the Modelling Industry in Sri Lanka." Management Journal for Advanced Research 2, no. 5 (October 31, 2022): 1–5. http://dx.doi.org/10.54741/mjar.2.5.1.
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Because of the rational job environment throughout the industrial period, where emotions would interfere with good judgment, workplace emotions were neglected. The idea of emotional labour, where people traded their emotions for money, has grown significantly with the rise of the service economy. More specifically, in order to enhance job results in the modelling industry, academics are starting to look into how companies manage emotions. Despite the stigma and preconceptions, the sector still endures as a result of the culture that has developed in the Sri Lankan environment, it is rapidly expanding. However, this industry receives relatively little consideration when it comes to performing research. Combining these two, the primary research question of this study attempts to answer is how the Sri Lankan models carry out emotional labour. By employing convenience sampling to choose a sample of female graduates, a series of eight (08) interviews were included since the researchers felt that they were knowledgeable about the phenomenon. Using thematic analysis, the two main themes were found to be "Charming Clients: Turning on the Fascination" and "Building Impressions: Replicating It." Despite the fact that the results were largely consistent with the global context, there were hints of the culture's influence in Sri Lanka. The researcher hopes to draw the conclusion that changing women's perceptions of modelling as a viable career path is necessary.
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Kaluarachchige, Indika Priyantha, Mohd Shukri Ab Yajid, Ali Khatibi, and S. M. Ferdous Azam. "Entrepreneurship in community-based tourism in Sri Lanka." Turyzm/Tourism 31, no. 2 (December 21, 2021): 87–101. http://dx.doi.org/10.18778/0867-5856.31.2.05.
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This study is focused on entrepreneurship in community-based tourism (CBT) in Sri Lanka. It examines the effect of entrepreneurial competences and orientation towards the performance of homestays although the majority are not successful. Recent research has revealed that homestay tourism is not effective, nonetheless it has been identified as the sector for the development for entrepreneurs and can make a considerable contribution to the Sri Lankan economy. The purpose of this study is to enhance CBT by showing how to develop productive entrepreneurs in this sector. Resource based view (RBV) theory is the basis – 645 registered homestay units operate as a CBT practice and the study sample was 252 entrepreneurs. Structural equation modelling (SEM) was used to analyze the data. From the findings of the study, both entrepreneurial competences and orientation significantly affect entrepreneur performance in CBT. This study will help expand CBT for successful entrepreneurs emerging from the tourism sector.
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Nagirikandalage, Padmi, and Ben Binsardi. "Inquiry into the cultural impact on cost accounting systems (CAS) in Sri Lanka." Managerial Auditing Journal 32, no. 4/5 (April 4, 2017): 463–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/maj-02-2016-1313.
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Purpose The purpose of this paper is to critically explore the implementation of cost accounting systems (CAS) using content analysis. In particular, it aims to examine the impact of Sri Lankan cultural and local characteristics on the adoption of CAS. In particular, it examines the factors that facilitate or hinder the adoption of CAS in Sri Lanka. Design/methodology/approach Primary data for the research were obtained by interviewing selected respondents from Sri Lanka’s manufacturing and service sectors. They were shortlisted using maximum variation sampling to obtain a representative cross-section of the national population. A total of 16 respondents were interviewed, which resulted in 57 interview paragraphs to be coded. Several theories were used to analyse them, namely, the theory of institutional isomorphism (homogeneity) and the theory of heterogeneity, as well as Clifford Geertz’s cultural theories. Findings A cross-comparison between the findings and relevant literature indicates the existence of complete institutional isomorphism and partial institutional heterogeneity in Sri Lanka. Heterogeneity exists in organisations such as foreign multinationals, which have adopted unique and sophisticated CAS. In addition, inadequate access to information and the orientation of the local culture has affected the implementation of CAS in Sri Lanka, with a lack of awareness of the importance of CAS, a sluggish approach to costing and cultural values forming prominent barriers to its implementation. These findings are plausible in light of the relationship between a sluggish approach towards costing (a low cost awareness), and local attitudes towards the implementation of more efficient accounting practices such as CAS. Practical implications This research is invaluable as a tool for Sri Lankan policymakers and practitioners, enabling the public and private sectors to provide education and training to enhance staff understanding and promote a positive attitude towards costing. With more efficient institutional CAS, the country’s economy will be more competitive internationally. As well as policymakers and practitioners, this research could be used by academicians for advancing theoretical development around the cultural triggers and barriers for adopting more innovative and fresher CAS in Sri Lanka. Originality/value The originality of this research can be justified on two counts. Firstly, although a wealth of research exists that examines the influence of culture on behaviour, this research specifically evaluates the impact of cultural factors on attitudes towards costing. These factors could be facilitators or obstructions for implementing CAS. Secondly, this research aims to combine both earlier and recent theories of institutionalism with Clifford Geertz’s cultural theory, to investigate how people and institutions in Sri Lanka adopt CAS. Earlier studies have focused merely on earlier theories of institutional homogeneity.
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Moore, Mick. "The Ideological History of the Sri Lankan ‘Peasantry’." Modern Asian Studies 23, no. 1 (February 1989): 179–207. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0026749x00011458.
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The Sri Lankan rural economy has long been categorized into a plantation sector producing tea, rubber and some coconuts for export, and a smallholder sector producing mainly food, especially rice, for domestic consumption. While incomplete, this dichotomy is still usable. One of the significant features of Sri Lankan rural history over the past half century has been a partial transfer of tea and rubber production from the plantation sector to the smallholder sector. In this and in related respects the traditional plantation-smallholder dichotomy has been weakening. Yet in another important respect there has been no convergence between the two sectors. The plantation sector has remained fully capitalist in the commonsense meaning of that term, while capitalist relations of production appear to have made few further inroads into the smallholder sector. True that a great deal of the labour used in smallholder production is hired. But that has long been the case. The evidence suggests that since World War Two the small family farm has at least held its own as the dominant form under which land is owned and managed. This has happened despite rapid population growth on a terrain already densely populated.
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Saroor, Shreen. "Advocating for the Voting Rights of Sri Lankan Migrant Workers." Asian and Pacific Migration Journal 12, no. 1-2 (March 2003): 209–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/011719680301200109.
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Labor migration from Sri Lanka has been dominated by women migrant workers who take up domestic work, mostly in the Middle East. Remittances from women migrant workers have been a major boon to Sri Lanka's economy. However, the social costs of female migration have also been considerable. Migrant NGOs have advocated to effect changes to protect the rights of women migrants. In 2000, a migrant NGO started the campaign to extend voting rights to migrant workers as a means to improve their leverage to influence policy making. The campaign has gained the support of different political parties and government agencies.
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Balasundaram, Nimalathasan. "Audit Committee Characteristics and their Impact on Intellectual Capital Disclosure: A Study of Listed Manufacturing Companies in Sri Lanka." Asia-Pacific Management Accounting Journal 14, no. 1 (April 30, 2019): 135–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.24191/apmaj.v14i1-07.
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In the today’s knowledge based economy, intellectual capital (IC) is considered as a strategic asset which determines the value of the company. Different practices of disclosing IC information in annual reports that do not show the real financial position of a company, is a main problem in Sri Lankan companies. The objective of this study was to find out the impact of audit committee characteristics on Intellectual Capital Disclosure (ICD) of listed companies on the Colombo Stock Exchange (CSE) for a period of five- years from 2012/2013 to 2017/2018. The ICD index comprised of 30 items in terms of Relational Capital Disclosure (RCD), Structural Capital Disclosure (SCD) and Human Capital Disclosure (HCD). The data was analyzed using correlations and regression analysis. Most of the Sri Lankan Listed companies disclosed ICD in text, sentences, pictures, tables and graphs in line with the Global Reporting Initiative (GRI) guidelines in their annual reports. ICD was measured by a disclosure index score. The independent variables comprised various forms of audit committee characteristics: audit committee size, frequency of audit committee meetings and audit committee independence. The study confirms that the size of the audit committee and audit committee meetings are important attributes to explain ICD in Sri Lanka. However, the study found a negative significant relationship between ICD and audit committee independence. Keywords: audit committee independence, audit committee meeting, audit committee size, intellectual capital disclosure
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a, Werawatta, and Rangamini b. "HOW SRI LANKAN FOOD EXPORTERS CAN CAPITALIZE COVID-19 AFFECTED WORLD ECONOMY." International Journal of Advanced Research 9, no. 02 (February 28, 2021): 453–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.21474/ijar01/12468.
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Pandey, Mahesh. "Is Nepal on the Verge of Economic Crisis? A Comparative Study of Sri Lanka and Nepal." Journal of Advanced Academic Research 9, no. 2 (October 11, 2022): 1–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/jaar.v9i2.48839.
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This paper attempts to analyze the economic condition of Sri Lanka and compare it with that of Nepal especially based on external sector indicators. The main objective of this study is to identify the level of risk that economic crisis looming in Nepal by examining and comparing indicators using secondary data collected from various publications of the government of Nepal and Sri Lanka, central banks of both countries, World Bank, IMF and others across six years starting from 2016 to 2021. This Study follows the comparative and descriptive research design and analysis has gone through the same. The data and calculated indicators suggest that Sri Lankan economy had gone through bad phases after year 2019 and that led to acute crisis. The external sector indicators of Nepal show that Nepal was also facing some sort of issues after COVID-19 pandemic followed by Russia-Ukraine war in 2020 and 2021 however, there are encouraging signs of recovery in recent times. The study came with the conclusion that the economic crisis caused by drained of foreign exchange reserve has given a wakeup call to small growing economies and Nepal is not an exception. However, as a result of the precautionary policies and measures that Nepal has taken so far, the external sector’s indicators not showing worrying syndrome for severe economic crisis. To avoid the crisis in medium and long term Nepal should take initiatives for policy and structural reforms to enhance its productive capacity to induce export, tourism and other industries.
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Tharindra, Hemajith, Gregory Daniel Brown, Kayla Stankevitz, Ashley Schoenfisch, Sarath Amarasinghe, Vijitha De Silva, L. Gayani Tillekeratne, and Truls Østbye. "Depressive Symptoms and Perceived Stress among Estate Rubber Tappers in Southern Sri Lanka." International Journal of Occupational Safety and Health 6, no. 1 (June 13, 2018): 2–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/ijosh.v1i1.15379.
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Background: Rubber production is an important component of the Sri Lankan economy. Prior reports have raised concerns about poverty and poor physical and social living conditions among rubber tappers.Objective: To assess rubber tappers’ psychological health and distress.Methods and Material: A cross-sectional survey was conducted among 300 rubber tappers in two large rubber plantations in southern Sri Lanka from September to November 2014. Structured questionnaires including the Peradeniya Depression Scale (PDS) and the 10-item Perceived Stress Scale (PSS-10) were administered. The prevalences of depression and stress were calculated, including across sociodemographic and work history variables of interest.Results: Each plantation contributed 150 of the 300 participants. The majority were women (n = 183, 61%) with a median age of 47 years (range 21 to 89). Based on the PDS, 9% of the rubber tappers screened positive for depression. While on the PSS-10, 10% demonstrated a high level of perceived stress. On log-binomial regression, persons who were widowed, divorced, or separated compared to being married had a higher prevalence of depression and high stress. A higher prevalence of stress was found in Tamil versus Sinhalese as well as Christian versus Buddhist participants. A higher prevalence of depression was seen in workers with over 30 years of experience compared to less experienced counterparts.Conclusions: Depression was more common in rubber tappers in this study than among other non-plantation Sri Lankan populations. Further research is needed to elucidate factors associated with psychological distress and to foster support mechanisms for the rubber tappers.
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MUSTAFA, Abdul Majeed MOHAMED, and Selliah SIVARAJASINGHAM. "Dynamic Linkages between Food Inflation and Its Volatility: Evidence from Sri Lankan Economy." Journal of Asian Finance, Economics and Business 6, no. 4 (November 30, 2019): 139–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.13106/jafeb.2019.vol6.no4.139.
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Weerathunga, P. R., Cheng Xiaofang, W. H. M. S. Samarathunga, and P. M. B. Jayathilake. "The Relative Effect of Growth of Economy, Industry Expansion, and Firm-Specific Factors on Corporate Hotel Performance in Sri Lanka." SAGE Open 10, no. 2 (April 2020): 215824402091463. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/2158244020914633.
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This study evaluates the relative effects of economic growth, industrial expansion, and firm-specific and contextual factors on corporate hotel performance in Sri Lanka. We use data from a sample of 29 listed hotels for 7 years from 2012 to 2018 and employ panel regression to uncover the relationship that exists between these variables. The findings suggest that the macroeconomic factors alone can account for a small part of the variance in return on assets and return on equity, and yet that these macroeconomic factors are the key drivers of the overall financial performance. Moreover, the selected macroeconomic factors, together with firm-specific and contextual factors, appear to have a profound impact on hotel performance. More specifically, growth in the number of tourist arrivals and growth in inflation are found to have a positive and significant impact on corporate hotel performance, while the interest rate has a significantly negative effect. Our findings with regard to the impact of growth in gross domestic product (GDP) on hotel performance are inconclusive. Furthermore, our findings reveal that the profitability of Sri Lankan hotels is driven by managerial efficiency, location factors, geographical diversification, and connection to a wider business network.
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Warnabarana, T. D., and P. A. D. D. Randika. "Influencing Factors of Employee Engagement on Financial Wellbeing: Special Reference to Bank of Ceylon, Matara District, Sri Lanka." European Journal of Business and Management Research 7, no. 1 (February 28, 2022): 333–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.24018/ejbmr.2022.7.1.1274.
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This study "Influencing Factors of Employee Engagement on Financial Wellbeing: Special Reference to Bank of Ceylon, Matara District, Sri Lanka" mainly address the impact of employee engagement on financial wellbeing based on the banking industry in Sri Lanka. Sri Lanka’s banking industry plays a crucial role towards the entire economy as it is contributing to about 60% of GDP and among the employed population 40% belongs to this particular industry. Hence, researcher prioritizes to determine the relationship of employee engagement and financial wellbeing and the relationship between influencing factors of employee engagement and financial wellbeing of Bank of Ceylon Matara District. One of the Sri Lankan governments owned systematically important bank was selected through purposive sampling. Structured questionnaire is the primary data collection method and questionnaire was distributed through 350 banking employees who work for Bank of Ceylon in Matara district as respondents. Statistical software naming SPSS used to analyze the data. In the case of data analysis, descriptive statistical analysis, correlation analysis and multiple regression analysis has used as the data analysis techniques to measure variables in different perspectives. Organizational support, Job stress, Information technology in the organization, Family and social support, Individual issues and organizational society are occupied to measure the employee engagement. When summarizing Regression analysis' results, Organizational Society and Job Stress have a positive significant impact on Financial Wellbeing and Individual Issues has negative significant impact on Financial Wellbeing. On the other hand, Organizational Support, Family Support, and ICT have no significant impact on Financial Wellbeing of workers who are working for BOC in Matara district.
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Bandara, Saman, and Michael Falta. "The usefulness of IFRS-compliant reports: perceptions of Sri Lankan investors and lenders." Asian Review of Accounting 29, no. 4 (September 30, 2021): 525–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/ara-03-2021-0058.
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PurposeThis paper aims to examine differential perceptions of lenders and investors on (1) the use, perceived usefulness, importance and adequacy of annual reports, (2) the importance of qualitative characteristics (QCs) and (3) the perceived impact of International Financial Reporting Standards (IFRS) on financial reporting quality (FRQ) in Sri Lanka.Design/methodology/approachA questionnaire survey study of practising professionals consisting of Sri Lankan investors (N = 214) and lenders (N = 235).FindingsIn relation to (1), lenders and investors rank three out of ten information sources ahead of the remaining seven: both include annual reports and personal knowledge. However, the highest average response for lenders is direct communication with clients, and for investors, it is stock market publications. Within annual reports, both decision-makers identify financial statements as the most useful part. Concerning (2), they both identified understandability as the most important QC followed by timeliness. Relevance ranked last, surprisingly. In relation to (3), both groups perceived that the new IFRS reporting environment improved the FRQ compared to the previous Sri Lanka Accounting Standards regime.Practical implicationsRanking understandability as the most important QC in terms of decision usefulness contradicts IASB's categorisation. The authors provide empirical data on the perceived degree of success of adopting IFRS in a developing economy.Originality/valueThe authors design a decision-oriented (lending vs investing) and context-specific (IASB's financial reporting framework) questionnaire to examine the perceptions of key capital providers separately on the issues mentioned above in “Purpose” within a developing economy. The survey fits into two aspects of the decision-useful theory: useful to make what decisions and useful to whom.
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De Silva, Amarasiri, and W. M. J. Welgama. "Modernization, Aging and Coresidence of Older Persons: the Sri Lankan Experience." Anthropology & Aging 35, no. 1 (December 1, 2014): 1–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.5195/aa.2014.35.
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This paper examines the effects of the modernization on the living arrangements of elderly people in six selected communities representing urban, semi-urban, estate, rural, colonized settlement and fishing villages in Sri Lanka. The paper concludes that the modernization of the economy and society has exacerbated an intergenerational rift leading to an intensification of tensions between elderly people and other family members, despite the fact that the percentage of older people living with their children remains high. Such coresidence or intergenerational living comprises many types of living arrangements, and leads to mixed results for care of the elderly. Many elderly people have developed mechanisms to counteract the negative effects of coresidence: seeking independence during old age, by earning their own income and living alone or living with the spouse, indulging in behaviors such as drinking, spending time outside the home with friends of similar age, or creating their own living space within coresidence.
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Gamhewage, M. I., P. Sivashankar, R. P. Mahaliyanaarachchi, A. W. Wijeratne, and I. C. Hettiarachchi. "Women participation in urban agriculture and its influence on family economy - Sri Lankan experience." Journal of Agricultural Sciences 10, no. 3 (September 2, 2015): 192. http://dx.doi.org/10.4038/jas.v10i3.8072.
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