Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'SQUARE PLATE'
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Williams, Gordon Colin. "An experimental study of instability in square plates twisted by corner forces." Thesis, University of British Columbia, 1988. http://hdl.handle.net/2429/28527.
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An experimental study is presented on the non-linear twisting of plates with free edges, through the application of self-equilibrating corner loads.
A simple apparatus was designed and various sizes of plates were twisted while measuring the surface strains on both sides at the centre. Initial difficulty was encountered due to unwanted deflection of the plate under its own weight.
The Rayleigh-Ritz method is used to determine an analytical relationship between midsurface strains and curvatures in the pre- and post-bifurcation regions of twisting. In both the experimental and analytical results, the midsurface strains are found to vary linearly with the Gaussian curvature.
Non-dimensional groups are identified which collapse the experimental load-strain, load-curvature and midsurface strain-Gaussian curvature relationships. These non-dimensional groups collapse the results in both the linear and non-linear regions. The curvature at the point of bifurcation is identified as a function of plate dimensional parameters. Also shown are the expressions for critical surface strain and corner load at which bifurcation occurs.
The experimental load-curvature relationship and point of bifurcation are compared with analytical results found in the literature. A large discrepancy in the literature is resolved for the theoretical point of bifurcation.
The present results form a basis for verification of future analytical results, and are important in the measurement of constitutive relationships using the twisted plate test.Applied Science, Faculty of
Mechanical Engineering, Department of
Graduate
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Howell, Robert A. "An experimental investigation of the bifurcation in twisted square plates." Thesis, University of British Columbia, 1991. http://hdl.handle.net/2429/29974.
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The bifurcation phenomenon occurring in twisted square plates with free edges subject to contrary self-equilibrating corner loading was examined. In order to eliminate lateral deflection of the test plates due to their own weight, a special loading apparatus was constructed which held the plates in a vertical plane. The complete strain field occurring at the plate centre was measured using two strain gauge rosettes mounted on opposing sides of the plate at the centre. Principal curvatures were calculated and related to corner load for several plates with differing edge length/thickness ratios. A Southwell plot was used relating mean curvature to the ratio mean curvature/Gaussian curvature, from which the Gaussian curvature occurring at bifurcation was determined. The critical dimensionless twist ka was then calculated for each plate size. It was found that there is a linear relation between the critical dimensionless twist ka occurring at bifurcation, and the thickness to edge length ratio h/a ratio, specifically: ka = 10.8h/a.Applied Science, Faculty of
Mechanical Engineering, Department of
Graduate
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Kim, Taeho, and Monika Ivantysynova. "Active Vibration Control of Axial Piston Machine using Higher Harmonic Least Mean Square Control of Swash Plate." Saechsische Landesbibliothek- Staats- und Universitaetsbibliothek Dresden, 2016. http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bsz:14-qucosa-199412.
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Noise emission is a major drawback of the positive displacement machine. The noise source can be divided into structure borne noise source (SBNS) and fluid borne noise source (FBNS). Passive techniques such as valve plate optimization have been used for noise reduction of axial piston machines. However, passive techniques are only effective for limited operating conditions or at least need compromises in design. In this paper, active vibration control of swash plate is investigated for vibration and noise reduction over a wide range of operating conditions as an additional method to passive noise reduction techniques. A 75cc pump has been modified for implementation of active vibration control using the swash plate. One tri-axial acceleration sensor and one angle sensor are installed on the swash plate and a high speed servovalve is used for the swash plate actuation. The multi-frequency two-weight least mean square (LMS) filter synthesizes the servovalve input signal to generate a destructive interference force which minimizes the swash plate vibration. An experimental test setup has been realized using Labview field-programmable gate array (FPGA) via cRIO. Simulation and experimental studies are conducted to investigate the possibility of active vibration control.
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Crabtree, Owen I. "A numerical study of nonlinear static and dynamic behavior of a square thin plate-membrane structure for application to a MEMS micro-generator." Online access for everyone, 2004. http://www.dissertations.wsu.edu/Thesis/Fall2004/o%5Fcrabtree%5F101304.pdf.
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Mohamad, Isa Muammar Bin. "Low Noise Amplifiers using highly strained InGaAs/InAlAs/InP pHEMT for implementation in the Square Kilometre Array (SKA)." Thesis, University of Manchester, 2012. https://www.research.manchester.ac.uk/portal/en/theses/low-noise-amplifiers-using-highly-strained-ingaasinalasinp-phemt-for-implementation-in-the-square-kilometre-array-ska(31b6cbae-7b7e-43fe-a612-b3555dd2263d).html.
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The Square Kilometre Array (SKA) is a multibillion and a multinational science project to build the world’s largest and most sensitive radio telescope. For a very large field of view, the combined collecting area would be one square kilometre (or 1, 000, 000 square metre) and spread over more than 3,000 km wide which will require a massive count of antennas (thousands). Each of the antennas contains hundreds of low noise amplifier (LNA) circuits. The antenna arrays are divided into low, medium and high operational frequencies and located at different positions to boost up the telescope’s scanning sensitivity.The objective of this work was to develop and fabricate fully on-chip LNA circuits to meet the stringent requirements for the mid-frequency array from 0.4 GHz to 1.4 GHz of the SKA radio astronomy telescope using Monolithic Microwave Integrated Circuit technology (MMIC). Due to the number of LNA reaching figures of millions, the fabricated circuits were designed with the consideration for low cost fabrication and high reliability in the receiver chain. Therefore, a relaxed optical lithography with Lg = 1 µm was adopted for a high yield fabrication process.Towards the fulfilment of the device’s low noise characteristics, a large number of device designs, fabrication and characterisation of InGaAs/InAlAs/InP pHEMTs were undertaken. These include optimisations at each critical fabrication steps. The device’s high breakdown and very low gate leakage characteristics were further improved by a combination of judicious epitaxial growth and manipulation of materials’ energy gaps. An attempt to increase the device breakdown voltage was also employed by incorporating Field Plate structure at the gate terminal. This yielded the devices with improvements in the breakdown voltage up to 15 V and very low gate leakage of 1 µA/mm, in addition to high transconductance (gm) characteristic. Fully integrated double stage LNA had measured NF varying from 1.2 dB to 1.6 dB from 0.4 GHz to 1.4 GHz, compared with a slightly lower NF obtained from simulation (0.8 dB to 1.1 dB) across the same frequency band.These are amongst the attractive device properties for the implementation of a fully on-chip MMIC LNA circuits demonstrated in this work. The lower circuit’s low noise characteristic has been demonstrated using large gate width geometry pHEMTs, where the system’s noise resistance (Rn) has successfully reduced to a few ohms. The work reported here should facilitate the successful implementation of rugged low noise amplifiers as required by SKA receivers.
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Merchant, Anwar A. "Least square parabola applied to buckling of concrete plates." Thesis, Kansas State University, 1986. http://hdl.handle.net/2097/9937.
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SPITTAEL, FREDERIK. "FOUNTAIN SQUARE: FACE LIFT OR VITAL INJECTION?" University of Cincinnati / OhioLINK, 2006. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ucin1147103562.
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Lee, Sunmi. "The edge-isoperimetric problem for the square tessellation of plane." CSUSB ScholarWorks, 2000. https://scholarworks.lib.csusb.edu/etd-project/1622.
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The solution for the edge-isoperimetric problem (EIP) of the square tessellation of plane is investigated and solved. Summaries of the stabilization theory and previous research dealing with the EIP are stated. These techniques enable us to solve the EIP of the cubical tessellation.
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Martin, Anthony George. "The ultimate load capacity of square shear plates with circular perforations : (parameter study)." Thesis, University of British Columbia, 1985. http://hdl.handle.net/2429/25119.
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The incremental structural analysis program NISA83 was used to investigate various parameters affecting the ultimate capacity of square plates with circular perforations subjected to uniform shear stress. Both nonlinear material properties and nonlinear geometry were taken into account in determining the ultimate in-plane capacities and buckling capacities of perforated shear plates.
The parameters investigated during this study were the hole size for a concentric location, and the hole location for a constant ratio of hole diameter to plate width of 0.2. In addition various doubler plates were studied to determine the most effective shape to restore a shear plate to its original ultimate in-plane capacity.
For the first two parameters, the analysis was separated into three parts. The ultimate in-plane capacity, elastic buckling capacity and the ultimate elastic-plastic buckling capacity was determined for each combination of the two parameters. These were used to identify the importance of both elastic buckling and nonlinear material contribute to the reduced ultimate plate capacities.
The results from plates with a concentrically located hole of varying size showed excellent correlation with other published experimental and analytical results for both the in-plane capacity and the 3-dimensional buckling capacities.
Variation of the center location of a hole of a standard size provided some significant results. Little change was found in the ultimate in-plane capacity for all hole locations. On the other hand, the elastic buckling capacity was raised by 50% after moving the hole from the plate tension diagonal to the compression diagonal. Finally, from the ultimate elastic-plastic' buckling capacity results it was concluded that the concentric provides lower bound capacity for all other hole locations. The in-plane analysis of the optimum doubler plate size showed wide and thin plates to be more effective than narrow and thick plates. A doubler plate with the same thickness as the plate and twice the diameter of the hole is recommended to restore the perforated plate to its original in-plane capacity.
In order to aid in the tedious task of checking the input data and to provide a convenient way of displaying the result, a full graphic post-processor was developed as part of this thesis. The program NISPLOT used color graphics available at the UBC Civil Engineering lab to process the output from NISA83. It was written in FORTRAN 77, utilizing subroutines from a commercial graphics package, DI3000, to obtain device independent graphics. NISPLOT generated plots of the nodes and element mesh for each data check. When a complete analysis was carried out by NISA83, nodes, element mesh, deflected shape, and color stress fill plots were generated.Applied Science, Faculty of
Civil Engineering, Department of
Graduate
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McMahon, John R. "Knot selection for least squares approximation using thin plate splines." Thesis, Monterey, California. Naval Postgraduate School, 1986. http://hdl.handle.net/10945/21951.
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Martin, A. F. "Vibration and buckling of square composite plates with variable fiber spacing /." The Ohio State University, 1988. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1487594970651856.
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Kaurin, Christian Mæhle, and Magnus Olaf Varslot. "Blast loading on square steel plates; A comparative study of numerical methods." Thesis, Norges teknisk-naturvitenskapelige universitet, Institutt for konstruksjonsteknikk, 2010. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:no:ntnu:diva-11734.
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During the recent years, several promising finite element solutions have been presented for finding the response of structures subjected to blast loading. This thesis gives as a comparative study on 3 major solution strategies, and their implication on the response on constrained plates of varying standoff distances. The strategies chosen are the Lagrangian method using load blast function in LS-DYNA, in which the plate nodes are subjected directly to forces attained from empirical ConWep data. The Arbitrary Lagrangian Eulerian (ALE) method in LS-DYNA, where an initial charge is detonated within an air medium and impulse transferred through contact algorithms. Finally a particle method, where air and soil are treated as discrete particles. This novel approach gives faster calculations than the ALE method and possible more reliable results than the Lagrangian method. Dharmasena et.al (2009) performed experiments where final deflection of steel plates was recorded for a charge off constant mass with varying standoff distances. These results were used to validate the models. It was found that the Lagrangian analysis provided conservative results at short standoff distances, and very accurate predictions at greater distances. An ALE analysis was performed under the same assumptions. Even though the analysis gave accurate final deflections at short standoff distances, it was found to be giving increasing impulse with standoff distance, for fine meshes. This resulted in increasing final deflection with standoff distance, which was unsupported by experimental data. Finally, a discrete particle method has been applied using the IMPETUS code. It gave the most accurate prediction in terms of final deflections. It was found to give almost equal results as the ALE analysis for short standoff distances, and equal results as the Lagrangian analysis for the longer stand off distances. The computational times were also greatly reduced compared to the ALE method.
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Saket, Hassan Khalil. "The fatigue behaviour of fillet welded joints of plates and square hollow sections." Thesis, University of Manchester, 1988. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.281213.
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Brocklehurst, Judith. "Restaging place : performativity and the camera : Parliament Square recast through social media photography." Thesis, University College London (University of London), 2018. http://discovery.ucl.ac.uk/10056329/.
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This practice-related study of a politically charged public place, Parliament Square, London is led by an examination of social media photographs that have been taken there and posted online. The photographs have been removed from the fast flow of social media, transposed to analogue film, slowed and analyzed. During this physical process four social activities emerge: tourism, protest, state occasion and the everyday. An investigation into each of these areas is instigated by a close examination of one related photograph. This investigation occurs theoretically and in the realm of performative sculptural, photographic and film practice. As well as being a study of the actual place, the Square offers a public location from which to reflexively examine its virtual equivalents online. Through performative practice, my study highlights commonalities between the role of photographs, monuments and public places as methods of representing historical understandings and their democratic potential: the ‘everyday’ of the Square and photography. The study investigates the role of photography in the construction of place – deconstructing how tourists pose and gaze into the camera to return to the singularity of the individual experience. The enquiry continues to look at Parliament Square as a place of political protest counter to the dominant state narrative of the past and the present. It is a place where particular narratives are embodied and celebrated, often misrepresenting the complexity of the past. The four photographs are restaged in the studio. Here they become a distorting mirror of both actual and virtual places revealing an absence that arguably occurs within all photographs. This absence might allow the viewer to relate to the subject depicted, find common ground, as well as develop a critical self-awareness and openness to the views of others.
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Ntamba, Ntamba Butteur Mulumba. "Non-Newtonian pressure loss and discharge coefficients for short square-edged orifices plates." Thesis, Cape Peninsula University of Technology, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11838/1252.
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Thesis (MTech (Mechanical Engineering))--Cape Peninsula University of Technology, 2011.Despite the extensive research work carried out on flow through short square-edged orifice plates over the last century (e.g. Johansen, 1930; Benedict, 1977; Alvi et al., 1978; Swamee, 2005; ESDU, 2007), gaps in the engineering data still exist for certain ranges of flow conditions and geometries. The majority of data available in the literature are for Newtonian fluids in the turbulent flow regime (ESDU, 2007). Insufficient data have been observed for the orifice with pipe diameter ratio, β = 0.2, in the laminar flow regime. There are no experimental data for β = 0.3 and 0.57. The objective of this thesis was to conduct wide-ranging experimental studies of the flow in orifice plates, which included those geometrical configurations, by measuring pressure loss coefficients and discharge coefficients across the orifice plates using both Newtonian fluids and non-Newtonian fluids in both laminar and turbulent flow regimes. The test work was conducted on the valve test rig at the Cape Peninsula University of Technology. Four classical circular short square-edged orifice plates having, β = 0.2, 0.3, 0.57 and 0.7, were tested. In addition, two generation 0 Von Koch orifice plates (Von Koch, 1904), with equivalent cross sectional area were also tested for β = 0.57. Water was used as Newtonian fluid to obtain turbulent regime data and also for calibration purposes to ensure measurement accuracy and carboxymethyl cellulose, bentonite and kaolin slurries were used at different concentrations to obtain laminar and transitional loss coefficient data. The hydraulic grade line method was used to evaluate pressure loss coefficients (Edwards et al., 1985), while the flange tap arrangement method was used to determine the discharge coefficients (ESDU, 2007). A tube viscometer with three different pipe diameters was used to obtain the rheological properties of the fluids. The results for each test are presented in the form of pressure loss coefficient (kor) and discharge coefficient (Cd) against pipe Reynolds number (Re)
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Xu, Qin. "The challenge of place identity in the making and experience of new Chinese urban square." Thesis, University of Sheffield, 2017. http://etheses.whiterose.ac.uk/20173/.
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This research investigates the evolution and identity of Chinese urban square, and how people use and perceive the urban squares in Chongqing. It aims to fill the potential gaps of the theoretical understanding of place identity in Chinese academic field, through an exploration of existing western literature regarding the place-related identity. The physical environment, social interaction and personal experience are identified as essential aspects that contribute greatly to the formation of place identity. A mix method approach is adopted to examine the relevance of theses theoretical findings with Chinese context in order to develop recommendations for future urban square design with an emphasis on improving its place identity. The historic review of the urban development of Chinese cities recognizes the impact of traditional legacy on the current understanding and space making strategies of urban squares. It is suggested that the representational design approach of urban squares that has largely focused on the physical environment is not only derived from ancient city making rules, but also associated with the political and economic incentives nowadays. Upon the awareness of the social values of urban square in terms of delivering a sense of identity, three case studies of three urban squares in Chongqing are conducted to examine how people use and perceive the urban square in their everyday life. The findings of case study confirm that ‘place’ is essentially a social product that acquires its meaning largely from human interpretation and experience. Despite the discontinuity between the contemporary urban square and traditional Chinese urban form, the emerging public activities are found to contribute significantly to the establishment of place identity by creating a bond of experience that incorporates both cultural and physical impacts. The research also demonstrates that the production of urban square in Chinese city cannot be regarded as merely technical issue dealing with physical dimension, rather, the social interaction that entails could shape the people-place relationship and the identity of it. The institutional changes and innovations in design strategy, as well the public engagement is recommended for future development of Chinese urban square that aims to deliver a sense of place identity.
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Mouton, Hayley. "Path place pause: re-establishing vibrancy and cultural identity in Pniël by redefining the square." Master's thesis, University of Cape Town, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/11427/18174.
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Includes bibliographical referencesBuildings provide a source of culture and cultural identity, forming part of the cultural fabric of an area with traces of the past assisting in the development of a place (Fransen, 2006). Cultural identity appears to be threatened in many mission towns in South Africa as issues of gentrification, urbanization and a loss of cultural values become apparent. As such, an architectural intervention is needed to provide a connection between people and place, in order to retain the cultural identity of a place. This dissertation explores how a spatial framework can re-establish lost space, specifically around the connection between path and place within a specific environment, namely Pniël. The investigation stems from the disconnection between people passing through Pniël and their interaction with the space. People travelling through this space never truly experience the spirit of the place while the path obstructs the people living within the place. Furthermore, the investigation aims to celebrate tradition, heritage and cultural richness within this area while understanding what is involved in generating a sustainable social and economic environment. Creating a cultural landscape supports the making of a vibrant space; where the landscape speaks of the areas typography and the people within the landscape create the social vibrancy that defines the cultural landscape (Vosloo, 2010: 41). Specific materials can be used to make people re-engage with the space. Architecture can reconcile the landscape and the place through the use of natural materials. Using clay provides a dialogue between the past and the present and can be used as a means to re-imagine space, assisting in the re-establishment of cultural vibrancy and economic development.
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Underwood, Erin Daina. "Place and space in the public square: A theoretical and critical framing of platial vernacular rhetoric." Connect to online resource, 2007. http://gateway.proquest.com/openurl?url_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:dissertation&res_dat=xri:pqdiss&rft_dat=xri:pqdiss:3273698.
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Sullivan, Kevin P. (Kevin Patrick). "From hardcore to soft core : reconstructing the image of Times Square and the commodification of place." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 1995. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/11521.
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Knoke, Betsy S. "Establishing a unique sense of place in an urban pocket of the Fountain Square neighborhood in Indianapolis, Indiana." Virtual Press, 2004. http://liblink.bsu.edu/uhtbin/catkey/1286424.
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Throughout the country, new development continues at a rapid pace, sprawling away from city centers leaving behind gaping holes in the community structure. This new development contains a disappointing sameness creating places devoid of unique identity or character. As a result of this movement outward, inner city neighborhoods are left struggling to survive. These older neighborhoods lose residents and businesses, and suffer both socially and economically as residents flee to the suburbs. Such flight leaves pockets of decaying, deserted areas within the urban core.In order to decrease the incidence of this characterless new development from occurring, older neighborhoods need to be revitalized to provide interesting, walkable, mixed-use neighborhoods that are desirable places to live. Most of these older neighborhoods contain desirable characteristics that distinguish them from other places such as distinctive architecture and a unique identity. They were built to a human scale that is far superior to the automotive scale of suburbia. These neighborhoods can be revitalized to emphasize their inherent community character, making them more memorable and lasting. Through such revitalization efforts, these neighborhoods would provide a higher quality of life.This creative project identifies neighborhood design principles necessary to restore deteriorating areas of urban neighborhoods and demonstrates that these renewed neighborhoods can, over time, redevelop a unique sense of place. Application of these restorative principles will be illustrated in a revitalization of an urban pocket of the Fountain Square neighborhood in Indianapolis, Indiana.Department of Landscape Architecture
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Kirmizi, Meric. "Taksim Republican Square: A Field Study On Socio-economic, Form, Use And Meaning Dimensions." Master's thesis, METU, 2011. http://etd.lib.metu.edu.tr/upload/12613398/index.pdf.
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Geretto, Carlo. "The effects of different degrees of confinement on the deformation of square plates subjected to blast loading." Doctoral thesis, University of Cape Town, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/11427/5541.
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Includes abstract.Includes bibliographical references.
This work relates to the effcts of the degree of confiement for air blasts only. The response of a structure subjected to a blast load is dependent on several factors; for instance stand off distance, geometry and mass of explosive, geometry of the structure, medium (air, water, soil) and degree of confinement. Depending on the location of the explosion relative to the surrounding structures different degrees of confinement are obtained. In addition, depending on the degree of confinement the accumulation of high temperature gas products will exert additional loads on the structure. This thesis reports the results of experimental and numerical investigations into the effct of the different degrees of confinement and target plate thickness on the response of square mild steel target plate.
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Muluh, Esau Ticha. "Analysis of deformation and tearing of uniformly blast-loaded circular and square plates rectangular beams and T-beams." Master's thesis, University of Cape Town, 2001. http://hdl.handle.net/11427/5500.
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Includes bibliography.This investigation examines the failure of circular and square mild steel plates, aluminium rectangular beams and T-beams subjected to impulsive loads. The objective of this investigation is to numerically determine the dynamic response of circular and square plates, rectangular beams and T-beams clamped and built-in (integral) at the boundary subjected to uniform blast loading; use material properties that include and exclude temperature dependency to model the plates and beams response and failure and finally to compare the numerical results with experimental results.
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Engblom, Martina. "SUB URBAN : Resurrection of a non-place." Thesis, KTH, Arkitektur, 2014. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-146117.
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The starting point of the project was threat that commercial forces pose to the identity of today’s suburban centers. The value of a square or a non-commercial space to meet seems somehow forgotten since shopping malls and internet are our new meeting spaces. In the anonymous suburb Barkarby northwest of Stockholm the project aims to question the barrier often dividing commuter railway suburbs. The project realizes the urban values that the train inhabits and embraces the very artery that supplies the city with people. It is a first step towards a dense development enhancing the identity and status of the suburb, not trying to imitate the inner city core. Instead it competes with big scale commercial activities by suggesting qualities extracted from the suburb itself. An amphitheatre which questions the space between the highway and train, an activity path with more or less spontaneous activities and an multihall under the train tracks altogether enriches each other and through visual guidance attracts people on a piece of ground otherwise difficult to exploit.Utgångspunkten för projektet är det hot som kommersiella krafter utgör mot dagens förortscentrum. Vikten av ett torg eller annan icke kommersiell plats att mötas på glöms bort då gallerior och internet fungerar som våra nya mötesplatser. I den anonyma förorten Barkarby, belägen nordväst om Stockholm, strävar projektet efter att ifrågasätta den barriär som så ofta delar av området kring pendeltågsstationer. Projektet anammar de urbana kvaliteerna som tåget representerar och omfamnar själva anledningen till områdets befolkande. Det är ett första steg mot en tät stadsväv utanför stadskärnan, vilken också förstärker den lokala identiteten. Utan att härma innerstadens typlogi så förstärker projektet platsens status. Istället konkurrerar projektet med storskaliga kommersiella aktiviteter genom att erbjuda ett extract av förortens redan inneboende kvaliteter. En amfiteater som ifrågasätter utrymmet mellan motorvägen och tågspåren, ett aktivitetsstråk med mer eller mindre spontana aktiviteter och en multihall under tågspåren berikar varandra och genom visuell ledning attraherar folk på en plats som annars aldrig skulle utnyttjats.
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Mili, Judith E. "Reintroducing the Existential Dimension of the Public Square: An attempt to design a place in relation to its natural environment." Thesis, Virginia Tech, 2005. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/32643.
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A public square provides for a social cultural life to take place. The square ought to be located in the part of the city where human activities are the most intense. The edges of the square consist of the buildings that define its space. The architectural style of these buildings shapes the character of the square and embodies the social cultural circumstances of a society.
The experience of a public square goes beyond its structured aspects. In fact, each man-made place is located within a natural landscape that changes its appearances during the rhythm of the day and the seasons. It is the combination of the natural phenomena and the architecture that creates the atmosphere of a place. A total integration between these two elements constitutes the â spirit of placeâ or genius loci.
According to Heidegger, human settlement has an enclosure and any enclosure has a boundary. This is also true for the square, the boundary of which is formed by its surrounding buildings. However, this boundary is not continuous, as it is interrupted by pedestrian paths and streets that lead to the square. The quality of a square’s enclosure is related to the characteristic of the openings.
The aim of this design thesis is to conceive a public square for today’s social-cultural environment; a public square that is located within a cultural center at Shirlington, Arlington County, Virginia. The buildings of the center form an architectural unity that sets the stage for community events to take place. The articulation and the form of the buildings related to the natural environment make people feel that they were designed for them. This means a place where people can experience a strong feeling of location.Master of Landscape Architecture
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Hujo, Marián. "Slovinské národní divadlo v Lublani." Master's thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Fakulta architektury, 2009. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-215630.
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The basic idea of project is design national Slovenian theater in Kongresni Trg square in Ljubljana in Slovenia. The building place is located in the middle of complex of historical buildings in the centre of city. I was creating new square which will be used like modern alternativ theater scene. Main theater building is the view point of theater. Flats, comercial places, caffe and restaurants are also components of the theater square.
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Sawyer, Scott R. "Experimental Investigation of Drag Reduction by Trailing Edge Tabs on a Square Based Bluff Body in Ground Effect." DigitalCommons@CalPoly, 2015. https://digitalcommons.calpoly.edu/theses/1414.
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This thesis presents an experimental investigation of drag reduction devices on a bluff body in ground effect. It has previously been shown that the addition of end-plate tabs to a rectangular based bluff body with an aspect ratio of 4 is effective in eliminating vortex shedding and reducing drag for low Reynolds number flows. In the present study a square based bluff body, both with and without tabs, will be tested under the same conditions, except this time operating within proximity to a ground plane in order to mimic the properties of bounded aerodynamics that would be present for a body in ground effect.
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Quintanar, Cortes Patricia Tanessi. "Plongements polyédriques du tore carré plat." Thesis, Lyon, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019LYSE1354.
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En 1996, Burago et Zalgaller ont montré le théorème suivant : Théorème (Burago et Zalgaller) : Soit S une surface polyédrique, alors S admet un plongement isométrique PL dans E3 . Ce théorème nous montre en particulier que le tore plat carré admet un plongement isométrique PL dans E3. En 1997, Zalgaller construit un tel plongement de tore rectangulaires plats longs. Dans la première partie de cette thèse, on fait un plongement isométrique du tore carré plat T2 dans E3. Ce premier résultat est énoncé dans le théorème suivant : Théorème : Il y a un plongement isométrique PL du tore carré plat T2 avec au plus 48 points. On sait que la triangulation minimale du tore plat est le tore de Moebius M. Le 1-squelette du tore de Moebius est le graphe K7. On considère l’ensemble GE(M, T2) de toutes les triangulations géodésiques de T2 isomorphes à M, modulo translations. Dans la deuxième partie de la thèse, on donne une description complète de cet ensemble : - L’espace de configurations GE(M, T2) est l’union disjointe de 12 produits de 6-simplexes. On dénote par LT(E3) l’ensemble de plongements linéaires isométriques d’une triangulation T de T2 dans E3, on a dans la troisième partie de la thèse le résultat suivant : -Il existe un voisinage N(S) de dimension 12 d’un certain ensemble S tel que pour chaque T in N(S), on a LT(E3)=ØIn 1996 Burago and Zalgaller showed the following theorem: Theorem (Burago and Zalgaller): Let S be a polyhedral surface, then S admits an isometric PL embedding in E3. This theorem shows in particular that the Flat Square Torus admits an isometric PL embedding in E3. In 1997 Zalgaller constructs such an embedding of Flat Rectangular Torii into E3. In the first part of this work, we do show an isometric embedding du Flat Square Torus in E3. This first result is stated as follows: Theorem: There is an isometric PL embedding of the flat Square Torus with at most 48 points. We know that the minimal triangulation of the flat torus is the Moebius Torus M. The 1-skeleton of the Moebius Torus is the graph K7. We consider GE(M, T2) the set of all geodesic triangulations of T2 isomorphic to M modulo translations. In the second part of this work, we give a complete description of this set : - The configuration space GE(M, T2) is the disjoint union of 12 products of 6-simplex. We writte LT(E3) the set of lineal isometric embeddings of a triangulation T of T2 in E3, in the third part of this worg, we have the following result : - There is a 12-dimensional neighborhood N(S) of a 6-diensional set S such that for every T in E3, we have LT(E3)= Ø
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Ludick, Daniel Jacobus. "Efficient numerical analysis of focal plane antennas for the SKA and the MeerKAT." Thesis, Stellenbosch : University of Stellenbosch, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/10019.1/4134.
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Thesis (MScEng (Electrical and Electronic Engineering))--University of Stellenbosch, 2010.ENGLISH ABSTRACT: The use of Focal Plane Arrays (FPAs) as suitable feed-structures for the Parabolic Dish Reflector antennas that are intended to form a large part of the Square Kilometre Array (SKA) is currently the topic of conversation in various SKA research groups. The simulation of these structures however, relies on intensive computational resources, which can result in very long simulation runtimes - a serious problem for antenna designers. It was the purpose of the research to investigate efficient simulation techniques, based on the Method of Moments (MoM). In this thesis, the reader will be introduced to ways of improving FPA design by using resources such as High Performance Clusters, developing efficient MoM formulations for FPAs such as the Vivaldi antenna array and by developing efficient solution techniques for the resulting MoM equations by using techniques such as the Characteristic Basis Function Method (CBFM). In addition to the above mentioned methods, the concept of distributed computing is explored as a way to further aid the antenna designer in obtaining desired results in a reasonable time and with sufficient accuracy.
AFRIKAANSE OPSOMMING: Die gebruik van Fokus Punt Samestellings (FPS) vir die voer van Paraboliese Skottel Antennas in die Square Kilometer Array (SKA), geniet tans baie aandag in verkeie navorsing-sirkels. Die analise van hierdie samestellings vereis egter intensiewe berekenings-infrastrukture, wat tot lang simulasies kan lei - ’n ernstige probleem vir antenna ontwerpers. Die doel van die skrywer se navorsing was om effektiewe simulasie metodes te ondersoek, gebaseer op die Moment Metode. In hierdie tesis, sal die leser bekendgestel word aan verskeie metodes om die ontwerp van Fokus Punt Samestellings doeltreffend te verrig; nl. die gebruik van Parallel Rekenaar Klusters, die ontwikkeling van effektiewe Moment Metode kode vir samestellings soos die Vivaldi antenna konfigurasie, asook die ontwikkeling van effektiewe oplos-metodes vir die matrikse wat deur die Moment Metode gelewer word, deur die sogenaamde Karakteristieke Basis Funksie Metode (KBFM) te gebruik. Hierby ingesluit word die konsep van verspreide numeriese berekening ondersoek, as ’n manier waarop die antenna ontwerper resultate binne ’n aanvaarbare tyd en akkuraatheid kan verkry.
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Weber, Susanne Renate. "The Dresden Central Station Square and Prager Strasse : an urban design proposal for the renewal and revitalization of this downtown distrct [sic]." Virtual Press, 1991. http://liblink.bsu.edu/uhtbin/catkey/770946.
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This thesis for the Master of Architecture degree focuses on urban renewal, in particular on revitalization of run down inner city neighborhoods. My chosen site is the area outside the main station in Dresden currently a wide open field with a monument of Lenin. It forms an important entry to the city center, to which it connects via the Prager StraBe, once a proud and glamorous shopping street, now a uninviting, wind-swepted pedestrian zone. This area was heavily destroyed (95°x) through Allied bombing on February 13, 1945. The reconstruction after the war disregarded the context more or less completely and was executed in a modernist town planning style which disregards of the history of the place and human scale.The analytical part deals with the existing structures, spaces and services. A catalogue of problems was established in order to be able to discuss objectives and propose strategies for possible solutions. As a result, I developed the program for the scheme.The creative project attempts to solve these problems: the urban form, the reduced density, the traffic situation, the pedestrian zone etc. and demonstrate a reasonable design solution for the area. It consists of a hotel, a convention center, a administration center, various mixed use buildings with retail at ground floor, office units above and residential penthouses. The design for the hard landscaping of the square and the soft landscaping for the public gardens helps to define the public realm. An anticipated future metro station is linked to a underground shopping arcade and to the new station concourse.Department of Architecture
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Lu, Yunkai. "Random Vibration Analysis of Higher-Order Nonlinear Beams and Composite Plates with Applications of ARMA Models." Diss., Virginia Tech, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/29128.
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In this work, the random vibration of higher-order nonlinear beams and composite plates subjected to stochastic loading is studied. The fourth-order nonlinear beam equation is examined to study the effect of rotary inertia and shear deformation on the root mean square values of displacement response. A new linearly coupled equivalent linearization method is proposed and compared with the widely used traditional equivalent linearization method. The new method is proven to yield closer predictions to the numerical simulation results of the nonlinear beam vibration. A systematical investigation of the nonlinear random vibration of composite plates is conducted in which effects of nonlinearity, choices of different plate theories (the first order shear deformation plate theory and the classical plate theory), and temperature gradient on the plate statistical transverse response are addressed. Attention is paid to calculate the R.M.S. values of stress components since they directly affect the fatigue life of the structure. A statistical data reconstruction technique named ARMA modeling and its applications in random vibration data analysis are discussed. The model is applied to the simulation data of nonlinear beams. It is shown that good estimations of both the nonlinear frequencies and the power spectral densities are given by the technique.Ph. D.
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WILSCHUTZ, SETH DOUGLAS. "Embodying Civil Society in Public Space: Re-Envisioning the Public Square of Mansfield, Ohio." University of Cincinnati / OhioLINK, 2005. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ucin1112648545.
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Kvist, Erica. "Konsten att skapa en plats för alla : En fallstudie över projektet Nya Drottningtorget i Trollhättan." Thesis, Karlstads universitet, 2016. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kau:diva-44422.
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I denna studie försöker jag att belysa det offentliga rummet och platsens innebörd i den västerländska postindustriella staden. Uppsatsen tar sig an uppgiften att undersöka hur nyliberalismens påverkan i urban stadsutveckling fungerar tillsammans med grundläggande demokratiska värden. Det görs genom en fallstudie av projektet Nya Drottningtorget i Trollhättan. Staden planerar i skrivande stund om sitt centrala torg och har valt en annorlunda väg, målet är att torget ska bli en plats för alla. Studiens empiri bygger på en intervju med Trollhättans Stadsbyggnadschef som även är projektledaren i Nya Drottningtorget. Vidare bygger studien på en dokumentanalys över en omfattande medborgardialog. Dialogen bygger på flera olika metoder, så som en husvagnsturné med enkäter, tävling i Minecraft, tankar och idéer från aktiviteter genom skolan med barn och unga. Analysen av studiens empiri och teoretiska bakgrund visar att Trollhättan följer en trend som syftar till att förnya stadens offentliga platser och rum för att skapa en attraktiv stad att bo och vistas i, detta syns inte minst i att stadens torg äntligen planeras om. Tre förslag på Nya Drottningtorget har tagits fram av arkitektbyrån Temagruppen AB under styrning av Trollhättans Stads sex prioriterade funktioner och med inslag av Trollhättebornas tankar och åsikter. De tre förslagen har olika inriktningar och speglar såväl kommunens som medborgarnas visioner. Om Nya Drottningtorget blir en plats för alla återstår att se. Diskussionen om huruvida detta är möjligt eller om det snarare handlar om en utopi behandlas i analysen. Trots den diskussionen, visar Trollhättans tillvägagångssätt i förnyelsen av torget tecken på att vara en bra grund. Torget som offentliga rum och plats har förutsättningarna att bli av god kvalitet.With this essay, I have attempted to elucidate the meaning of public places and spaces in a Western post-industrial city. The essay looks more closely on how the neoliberal influence on urban planning functions together with democracy. It does so through a case study on the project Nya Drottningtorget in Trollhättan. The city is in the progress of remaking its central square and have chosen a different path, with the purpose to create a square for all. The empirics of this essay is based on an interview with the city planning director, who is also the manager of the project Nya Drottningtorget. The empirics is also based on analysis of a major civil dialogue. The civil dialogue has been made through out a variety of methods, such as a tour with a caravan, questionnaires, a Minecraft-contest and different activities with school to reach the young citizens of Trollhättan. The analysis of this essays empirics and theoretical foundation shows that Trollhättan is following a global trend which aims to renew public spaces and places in cities. This renewal projects aims to create an attractive city to live and be in. Three proposals have been designed by the architectural firm, Temagruppen AB, based on the civil dialogue and directions from six prioritized functions made by the politicians in Trollhättan. Those three suggestions on the new square focuses on different things but reflects both the citizens’ opinions and the politicians’ directions. If the new central square will be a place and space for all remains to see. The discussion whether this is possible or a utopic wish is discussed in the analysis of this essay. However, Trollhättans approach and so far progress in this renewal project points in a right direction. This square as a public space and place has all the conditions to be of good quality.
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Worcester, Katherine Sara. "EFFECTS OF INERTIAL LOAD ON SAGITTAL PLANE KINEMATICS DURING FLYWHEEL-BASED RESISTANCE TRAINING SQUATS." UKnowledge, 2018. https://uknowledge.uky.edu/khp_etds/57.
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Background: Training to increase muscular power is essential for improving athletic performance in most sports. Weight training (WT) is a common means for training muscular power. Another modality, flywheel resistance training (FRT), may be superior for improving muscular power. However, few studies have examined if FRT is kinematically similar to WT, or if FRT kinematics change with increasing inertial load. The purposes of this study were to determine how sagittal plane joint kinematics are affected by increasing inertial load during FRT squats, and to determine how FRT squat joint kinematics compare to WT squat joint kinematics.
Methods: Subjects (n=9) completed three visits for this study. On the first visit subjects completed squat 1 repetition maximum (1RM) testing. The second visit served as a full FRT familiarization session in which subjects performed one set of 5 maximal effort FRT squats at each inertial load (0.050, 0.075, and 0.100 kgm2). On the third visit, subjects were videoed in the sagittal plane while performing the FRT squat protocol. Subjects then completed 5 maximal velocity repetitions of WT squats with the barbell loaded according to the Kansas Squat Test (KST) protocol. Kinematic differences between inertial loads were determined via 1-way repeated measures ANOVAS while differences between FRT and WT were determined with paired T-tests.
Results: There were no differences in peak sagittal plane knee, trunk-hip, trunk (absolute) or ankle angles between inertial loads. Peak and mean joint angular velocities decreased with increasing inertial loads at the knee and trunk-hip. Mean joint angular velocities decreased at the ankle with increasing inertial loads, while peak and mean trunk (absolute) angular velocities were unaffected. No statistical analyses were conducted for FRT and WT comparison as not enough subjects met the criteria (n=3).
Conclusions: Sagittal plane joint kinematics are largely maintained despite increasing inertial load during FRT squats. Lower extremity joint angular velocities decreased with increasing inertial load. If training for muscular power and knee extensor velocity is the goal, then the inertia of 0.050 kgm2 is most suitable.
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Marques, Ana Cesaltina Barbosa. "A PraÃa Portugal como lugar:negociaÃÃes de sentidos em encontros presenciais e mediados pelo computador." Universidade Federal do CearÃ, 2010. http://www.teses.ufc.br/tde_busca/arquivo.php?codArquivo=5409.
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nÃo hÃEsta dissertaÃÃo investiga a constituiÃÃo de sentidos para o lugar praÃa Portugal, logradouro da cidade de Fortaleza, no CearÃ, considerando as experiÃncias de jovens frequentadores do local nas noites de sÃbado, durante os anos de 2008 e 2009. A anÃlise dos usos feitos do espaÃo e dos sentidos elaborados a partir de vivÃncias individuais e coletivas considerou interaÃÃes engendradas em uma zona conformada entre a praÃa e uma comunidade on-line do site de redes sociais orkut, denominada PraÃa Portugal. Essa zona de interaÃÃo foi delineada por meio de um recorte estabelecido para esta pesquisa, mas à considerada tambÃm sinal de uma nova condiÃÃo de experiÃncia do espaÃo. Os encontros na comunidade on-line PraÃa Portugal estenderam a experiÃncia de estar juntos dos jovens frequentadores da praÃa para alÃm dos encontros presenciais aos sÃbados. A convivÃncia no ciberespaÃo representou a possibilidade de deslocamento de relaÃÃes sociais de contextos locais para relaÃÃes estabelecidas em outros parÃmetros de espaÃo e tempo. Observando as relaÃÃes dos frequentadores entre si e com o espaÃo da praÃa, foi possÃvel indicar a permanÃncia, em 2008 e 2009, de sentidos elaborados para o lugar desde o inÃcio dos anos 2000: espaÃo para vivÃncias de liberdade de aÃÃo e expressÃo; de realizaÃÃo de escambo ou comÃrcio paralelo de bens simbÃlicos; de confronto com a diversidade de estilos associados ao consumo de bens simbÃlicos; e de estreitamento de laÃos de amizade. Na perspectiva dos sujeitos, foram verificados modos distintos de experimentar os sentidos partilhados coletivamente. No entrelaÃado de tradicionais e novas possibilidades de interaÃÃo social, observou-se a relevÃncia dos processos de comunicaÃÃo para o estabelecimento de vÃnculos entre os sujeitos inscritos espacialmente e deles para com o espaÃo, portanto para constituiÃÃo de lugares
This dissertation investigates the constitution of senses of place to the Portugal square, in Fortaleza, CearÃ, considering the experiences of young local goers on Saturday nights in 2008 and 2009. The analysis of uses to that space and the meanings created from individual and collective experiences considered interactions between the square and a online community of social network website orkut, called PraÃa Portugal. The zone of interaction was delineated by a cut set for this research, but is also considered a sign of a new condition of experience of space. The meetings in the online community PraÃa Portugal extended the experience of being together of young people who frequented the square in addition to face to face meeting on Saturdays. Living together in cyberspace represented the possibility of shifting social relations from local contexts for relationships established in other parameters of space and time. Observing the relationship between the customers themselves and with the space of square, was possible to identify, in 2008 and 2009, different senses of place to the Portugal square which has been attributed since the early 2000s: space for experiencing the freedom of action and expression; of conduct of parallel trade or barter of symbolic goods; confrontation with the diversity of styles associated with the consumption of symbolic goods; and stronger ties of friendship. From the viewpoint of the subjects, was found different ways to experience the senses of place collectively shared. The association between traditional and new possibilities of social interaction became possible to evidence the importance of communication processes for the establishment of links between subjects and spaces, so to set up places
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Prado, Gustavo Ferreira. "A cidade e seus patrimônios : um estudo das experiências, memórias e representações da praça central e do seu entorno em Pirassununga - SP /." Rio Claro, 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/11449/191391.
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Orientador: Luciene Cristina RissoResumo: Pirassununga é um dos municípios do Estado de São Paulo. Localizado na região administrativa de Campinas, está completando seus 196 anos de história e memória. Seu surgimento e consequente desenvolvimento estão ligados às atividades produtivas em expansão na região durante o século XIX. As atividades no município impulsionaram historicamente a construção da praça central, onde há uma relação a ser estabelecida junto aos patrimônios do entorno. Assim surgiu o desejo de se estudar o espaço público central da cidade enfatizando o conceito de lugar, focando patrimônios urbanos e recontando a história do ponto de vista dos moradores com suas memórias-lembranças. Os procedimentos metodológicos incluíram revisão de literatura, leituras, história oral pela população mais velha e representações feitas pelos mais jovens com a análise de mapas mentais, a fim de estabelecer ressignificações através da perspectiva experiencial e contribuindo como base para a elaboração de políticas públicas que preservem e valorizem os patrimônios e espaços públicos e desse modo busca-se contribuir com a ciência geográfica e produzir um marco importante para a história de Pirassununga e de seus habitantes.
Abstract: Pirassununga is one of the municipalities of the state of São Paulo. Located in the administrative region of Campinas, is completing its 196 years of history and memory. Its emergence and consequent development are linked to the expanding productive activities in the region during the nineteenth century. Activities in the municipality have historically boosted the construction of the central square, where there is a relationship to be established with the surrounding heritage. Thus arose the desire to study the central public space of the city emphasizing the concept of place, focusing on urban heritage and retelling the story from the point of view of residents with their memoriesmemories. The methodological procedures included literature review, readings, oral history by the older population and representations made by younger people through the analysis of mind maps, in order to establish resignifications through the experiential perspective and contributing as a basis for the elaboration of public policies that preserve and value the heritage and public spaces and thus seek to contribute to geographical science and produce an important milestone for the history of Pirassununga and its inhabitants.
Mestre
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Rogers, Amanda Michelle. "Creating a sense of place or simply a good parking space? evolution of the historic town squares of Mississippi /." Master's thesis, Mississippi State : Mississippi State University, 2008. http://library.msstate.edu/etd/show.asp?etd=etd-04232008-165642.
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Pontaza, Juan Pablo. "Least-squares variational principles and the finite element method: theory, formulations, and models for solid and fluid mechanics." Diss., Texas A&M University, 2003. http://hdl.handle.net/1969.1/288.
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We consider the application of least-squares variational principles and the finite element method to the numerical solution of boundary value problems arising in the fields of solidand fluidmechanics.For manyof these problems least-squares principles offer many theoretical and computational advantages in the implementation of the corresponding finite element model that are not present in the traditional weak form Galerkin finite element model.Most notably, the use of least-squares principles leads to a variational unconstrained minimization problem where stability conditions such as inf-sup conditions (typically arising in mixed methods using weak form Galerkin finite element formulations) never arise. In addition, the least-squares based finite elementmodelalways yields a discrete system ofequations witha symmetric positive definite coeffcientmatrix.These attributes, amongst manyothers highlightedand detailed in this work, allow the developmentofrobust andeffcient finite elementmodels for problems of practical importance. The research documented herein encompasses least-squares based formulations for incompressible and compressible viscous fluid flow, the bending of thin and thick plates, and for the analysis of shear-deformable shell structures.
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Viglus, Vera Marina. "A PRAÇA MARECHAL FLORIANO PEIXOTO EM PONTA GROSSA – PARANÁ:O PROCESSO DE URBANIZAÇÃO E A CONSTITUIÇÃO DE UM LUGAR DE MEMÓRIA." UNIVERSIDADE ESTADUAL DE PONTA GROSSA, 2017. http://tede2.uepg.br/jspui/handle/prefix/263.
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Previous issue date: 2017-02-06The research work is based on the assumption that the Marechal Floriano Peixoto Square constitutes a place of memory for the city of Ponta Grossa, in the state of Paraná. Through a qualitative, documentary, exploratory research, we sought to understand how the formation of this urban space occurred, especially in the first three decades of the twentieth century, a time that essential symbologies crystallized making possible to perceive this square within the perspective of the historian French author Pierre Nora regarding the constitution of a place of memory. The consolidation of these symbologies was accompanied by the solidification of a process of urbanization influenced by world order factors due to the process of industrialization, the strengthening of the capitalist system and the process of modernization of the Brazilian cities, with special emphasis on the republican context, resulting in differentiated social practices and urban developments such as the creation of squares, street paving, trading development, industries installation and railways construction. The sources used are part of the collections of the Ponta Grossa House of Memories and the Campos Gerais Museum of the Ponta Grossa State University, constituting itself in photographs, newspapers, municipal posture codes from the years of 1891 and 1914, and commemorative albums from Paraná from 1923 and 1927. The study revealed that it was precisely in the first three decades of the twentieth century that the Square began to add material, symbolic and functional elements that point to an official and institutionalized history. It was also possible to verify, in later periods, the construction of other monuments, as well as the implementation of other elements that have re-appropriated the symbology already crystallized in this space, which makes it possible to show, through the sources listed, that the Square, along its process of urbanization, brings with it crystallization marks of memory that can be perceived by the records of a past lived, therefore the Marechal Floriano Peixoto Square is perceived as a place of memory for the city of Ponta Grossa.
O trabalho de pesquisa parte do pressuposto de que a Praça Marechal Floriano Peixoto constitui-se em um lugar de memória para a cidade de Ponta Grossa, no estado do Paraná. Através de pesquisa qualitativa, documental, de caráter exploratório, buscou-se compreender como se deu a formação deste espaço urbano, especialmente nas três primeiras décadas do século XX, momento em que se cristalizaram simbologias essenciais que possibilitam percebê-lo dentro da perspectiva do historiador francês Pierre Nora no que concerne à constituição de um lugar de memória. À consolidação destas simbologias, aliou-se a solidificação de um processo de urbanização influenciado por fatores de ordem mundial em decorrência do processo de industrialização, do fortalecimento do sistema capitalista e do processo de modernização das cidades no Brasil, com especial ênfase no contexto republicano, resultando em diferenciadas práticas sociais e desdobramentos urbanos como a criação de praças, calçamento de ruas, desenvolvimento do comércio, instalação de indústrias e construção de ferrovias. As fontes utilizadas fazem parte dos acervos da Casa da Memória de Ponta Grossa e do Museu Campos Gerais da Universidade Estadual de Ponta Grossa, constituindo-se em fotografias, jornais, códigos de posturas municipais dos anos de 1891 e 1914 e álbuns comemorativos do Paraná dos anos de 1923 e 1927. O estudo revelou que foram justamente nas três primeiras décadas do século XX que a Praça passou a agregar elementos materiais, simbólicos e funcionais que apontam para uma história oficial e institucionalizada. Foi possível verificar, também, em períodos posteriores, a construção de outros monumentos, bem como a implementação de outros elementos que se reapropriam da simbologia já cristalizada neste espaço, o que permite evidenciar, pelas fontes elencadas, que a Praça, ao longo de seu processo de urbanização, traz marcas de cristalização da memória passíveis de serem percebidas pelos registros de um passado vivido, compreendendo-se, portanto, a Praça Marechal Floriano Peixoto como um lugar de memória para a cidade de Ponta Grossa.
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Lee, Sohyun Park. "From redevelopment to preservation : downtown planning in post-war Seattle /." Thesis, Connect to this title online; UW restricted, 2001. http://hdl.handle.net/1773/10825.
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Kouri, Jeffrey Victor. "Improved finite element analysis of thick laminated composite plates by the predictor corrector technique and approximation of C[superscript]1 continuity with a new least squares element." Diss., Georgia Institute of Technology, 1991. http://hdl.handle.net/1853/20762.
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Kettaf, Fadila. "La fabrique des espaces publics : conceptions, formes et usages des places d'Oran (Algérie)." Thesis, Montpellier 3, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013MON30095/document.
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Les places publiques d’Oran sont des espaces d’identification et de symbolique de la ville coloniale. Elles se donnent à voir par leurs caractéristiques physiques et esthétiques propres mais aussi par leur participation à la vie urbaine. Cependant, la croissance de la ville a contribué à la redistribution des pratiques de sociabilité dans l’espace urbain. La recherche sur les places publiques d’Oran se doit donc de contribuer à une réflexion plus large sur la fabrique des espaces publics urbains et de s’inscrire dans l’actualité de la recherche urbaine sur le monde arabe et méditerranéen. Dans cette perspective se posent trois questions fondamentales. Celle des héritages d’un urbanisme issu de la culture européenne « exporté » vers la rive sud de la Méditerranée. Celle de la conception et de la gestion actuelles des espaces publics par les pouvoirs locaux, les opérateurs techniques, et les divers acteurs. Et celle enfin des usages contemporains de ces espaces par les usagers-habitants. Les usages des places et des lieux urbains à Oran sont réels, parfois même surprenants. Ils sont étroitement liés à leur position dans la ville, à leur configuration formelle et visuelle, et à la qualité de leur aménagement. Ils sont aussi inhérents à la place qu’ils occupent dans l’imaginaire collectif. Ces aspects essentiels à la fabrique des espaces publics ne sont pas, cependant, pris en compte dans les pratiques urbanistiques contemporaines. Le problème de la reconnaissance de l’espace public en tant qu’espace autorisant le vivre ensemble dans la grande ville, structurant l’espace urbain et accessible à tous, reste fondamentalement posé à OranOran public squares are identification and symbolic spaces of the colonial city. They are given to see by their physical and aesthetic characteristics but also by their participation in urban life. However, the growth of the city contributes to the redistribution of sociability in urban space. Research on public squares of Oran therefore has thus to contribute to a broader thought on making urban public spaces and to be part of the current urban research on the Arab and Mediterranean World. In this issue, three fundamental questions arose. That of legacies of town planning coming from European culture "exported" to the southern bank of the Mediterranean Sea. That of the current design and management of public spaces by local authorities, technical operators and various actors. And finally that of contemporary uses of these spaces by local users. Social practices of squares and urban places in Oran are real, sometimes surprising. They are closely related to their position in the city, their urban and visual form, and the quality of their installations. They are also inherent in the position they have in the collective imaginary. These important aspects in making public spaces, however, are not regarded in contemporary urban practices. The problem of the recognition of the public space as public realm, organizing the urban space and accessible to all, is fundamentally questioned in Oran
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Vyroubalová, Jana. "LIDAR a stereokamera v lokalizaci mobilních robotů." Master's thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Fakulta informačních technologií, 2017. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-363827.
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LIDAR (2D) has been widely used for mapping, localization and navigation in mobile robotics. However, its usage is limited to simple environments. This problem can be solved by adding more sensors and processing these data together. This paper explores a method how measurements from a stereo camera and LIDAR are fused to dynamical mapping. An occupancy grid map from LIDAR data is used as prerequisite and extended by a 2D grid map from stereo camera. This approach is based on the ground plane estimation in disparity map acquired from the stereo vision. For the ground plane detection, RANSAC and Least Squares methods are used. After obstacles determination, 2D occupancy map is generated. The output of this method is 2D map as a fusion of complementary maps from LIDAR and camera. Experimental results obtained from RUDA robot and MIT Stata Center Data Set are good enough to determine that this method is a benefit, although my implementation is still a prototype. In this paper, we present the applied methods, analyze the results and discuss the modifications and possible extensions to get better results.
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Gonçalves, Camila Caixeta. "Praça Tiradentes: o espaço público através da imaginária urbana (Séculos XIX, XX E XXI)." Universidade Federal de Juiz de Fora (UFJF), 2017. https://repositorio.ufjf.br/jspui/handle/ufjf/5595.
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A praça Tiradentes, localizada no Centro da cidade do Rio de Janeiro, destaca-se como um espaço público de intensa vida social e cultural desde a vinda da Família Real para o Brasil, no século XIX. Essa característica foi particularmente acentuada no início do século XX, com a chamada “Belle Époque” brasileira, quando a praça passou a ser conhecida como um dos principais lugares de vida boêmia carioca. Durante o século XX, a paisagem da cidade passou por profundas modificações em seu traçado e em sua dinâmica devido às inúmeras intervenções. A dissertação consiste na análise da imaginária urbana da praça Tiradentes, através de seis conjuntos escultóricos que estão – ou já estiveram – localizados nesse espaço ao longo dos séculos XIX, XX e XXI. A metodologia busca, a partir da análise dos elementos elencados como imaginária urbana, compreender de modo geral a sua relação no espaço público e com os agentes sociais em cada recorte temporal analisado. Procura-se demonstrar que esses elementos urbanos são sintetizadores das imagens da praça e estão ligadas às intervenções urbanas realizadas durante os séculos XIX, XX e XXI. Portanto, as intervenções urbanísticas implementadas reverberam os diferentes pensamentos urbanísticos e os ideais de remodelação do espaço público em diversas temporalidades, os quais, de algum modo, revelam-se na praça na contemporaneidade. Assim, a tríade analítica formada pela imaginária urbana, espaço público e agentes sociais se estabelece como método para o estudo da memória e vida urbana.
Tiradentes Square, located in downtown Rio de Janeiro, stands out as a public space of intense social life and culture since the Royal Family came to Brazil in the 19th Century. This characteristic was particularly enhanced at the beginning of the 20th Century, with the so-called "Belle Epoque" in Brazil. The square, then, became known as one of the main bohemian places in Rio. During the 20th Century, the landscape of the city went through profound changes in its layout and dynamics due to numerous interventions. The dissertation consists of the urban imaginary analysis of Tiradentes Square through six sets of sculpture that are located, or have been, in its space throughout the 19th, 20th and 21th Centuries. The methodology seeks, based on the analysis of the elements listed as urban imaginary, to understand in a general way the relation between itself and the public space as well as the social agents in each lapse analyzed. It is aimed to demonstrate that these urban elements are synthesizers of the images of the place and are linked to the urban interventions done during the 19th, 20th and 21th Centuries. Therefore, the implemented urban interventions reverberate the different urbanistic theories and the remodeling ideals of the public space in different temporalities, which, somehow, are revealed in the square in the contemporaneity. Thus, the analytical triad formed by urban imaginary, public space and social agents is established as a method for the study of memory and urban life in the city.
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Petrohilos, Ludmila Santos. "Presença boliviana na cidade de São Paulo: da imigração à produção do espaço simbólico." Pontifícia Universidade Católica de São Paulo, 2014. https://tede2.pucsp.br/handle/handle/12316.
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Previous issue date: 2014-04-24The purpose of this study is to examine the uniqueness and particularity of the Bolivian presence in the city of São Paulo, through its integration with places, especially with Kantuta Square, located in the district of Pari. In addition, to elapse in the perception of space as social production and its manifestations in quotidian practices of life. This study analyzes the Bolivian behavior and language, into the city, based on a solid and abstract view. For this Geographic immersion It was adopted as essence theory of space, territory, place and landscape. For the subjective production that is established in places of conviviality, the work promotes a dialectic between other knowledge, as well as other categories such as culture and identity. Use is made of Philosophy, Sociology, Anthropology and History of the intention to establish by the Geography enriching the discussion. The adopted to bias the analysis presented here corresponds to the recognition of the causes that make immigration a matter of international order as well as the historical-geographical process that culminated in the Bolivian immigration to Brazil and, more intensely, in the city of São Paulo. From this spatialization of the problem, the research discusses the importance of places of conviviality as squares, for the manifestation of culture, the expressions of territoriality and the everyday experiences while practicing and hopes
A proposta desta dissertação é examinar a singularidade e particularidade da presença boliviana na cidade de São Paulo, por meio de sua integração com o lugares, especialmente com a Praça Kantuta, localizada no bairro do Pari. Transcorrer na percepção de espaço enquanto produção do social e suas manifestações nas práticas da vida cotidiana. O trabalho analisa essa expressão boliviana na cidade, do ponto de vista concreto e abstrato, a partir de importantes categorias da Geografia como espaço, território, lugar e paisagem. Para a análise da produção subjetiva que se estabelece nos lugares de convívio, o trabalho promove uma dialética entre demais saberes, bem como outras categorias como a cultura e a identidade. Faz-se uso da Filosofia, da Sociologia, da Antropologia e da História na intenção de estabelecer junto à Geografia o enriquecimento da discussão. O viés adotado para a análise aqui apresentada corresponde ao reconhecimento das causas que tornam as imigrações uma questão de ordem internacional, bem como o processo histórico-geográfico que culminou na imigração boliviana para o Brasil e, de um modo mais intenso, na cidade de São Paulo. A partir dessa espacialização da problemática, a pesquisa debate a relevância de lugares de convívio como as praças, para a manifestação da cultura, das expressões de territorialidade e do cotidiano enquanto prática de vivências e de esperanças
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Kim, Nam Shin. "Analyse expérimentale d'un jet turbulent impactant sur un plaque plane et sur un obstacle de section carrée." Toulouse 3, 2005. http://www.theses.fr/2005TOU30074.
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Cette étude aborde l'impact d'un jet sur une plaque plane et sur un obstacle de section carrée. L'objectif de ce travail est l'analyse expérimentale de l'écoulement, et du transfert de chaleur associé, lorsque la surface est chauffée à densité de flux constante. Les mesures de vitesse et de turbulence ont été menées par la Vélocimétrie par Images des Particules (PIV) et l'anémométrie à fil chaud, ce qui a permis la mesure de chaque composante et du champ complet en particulier au voisinage des parois. Différents post-traitements de la PIV ont permis une nette amélioration de l'évaluation des fluctuations de vitesse. Les mesures de la température ont été effectuées par la thermographie infrarouge et la thermométrie à fil froid. La caméra utilisée, de technologie avancée, possède une résolution thermique très faible. Un travail important de post traitement des images infrarouge a permis de quantifier le champ de coefficient d'échange avec une précision inférieure à 5%. Plusieurs corrections de la température ont été menées sur les mesures par la thermométrie à fil froid pour tenir compte des effets inertiel et de conduction au niveau de la sonde. Les mesures concernant l'impact d'un jet sur une plaque plane ont complété les données de la littérature tout en mettant en évidence quelques désaccords. Nous proposons une analyse qui permet d'expliquer l'effet de la distance d'impact sur le coefficient de transfert de chaleur local. Ce travail représente une base de données aérothermiques cohérente pour la validation des modèles de turbulence. L'impact du jet sur un barreau à section carrée a montré plusieurs structures d'écoulement 3D intéressantes et une distribution complexe du coefficient de transfert de chaleur associée. Les phénomènes de décollement et de recirculation 3D ont été identifiés et analysés. Egalement, l'influence de la position du jet par rapport au barreau sur la topologie de l'écoulement a été clairement mise en évidenceThis study approaches the jet impingement on a flat plate and on a square sectioned obstacle. The objective of this work is the experimental analysis of the flow and the associated heat transfer when surface is heated with a constant heat flux. The turbulence and velocity measurements were carried out by the Particle Image Velocimetry (PIV) and the hot wire anemometer, which allow to the measurements of each velocity component and of the complete field, specially close to the wall. Several post processing of the PIV allowed an improvement of the evaluation of the velocity components fluctuations. The temperature was measured using the infrared thermography and the cold wire thermometry. The chosen camera, using a advanced technology, have a very small temperature resolution. An important post processing analysis of infrared pictures allows the quantification of the field of heat transfer coefficient with an accuracy lower than 5%. Several corrections of the temperature were conducted in the cold wire thermometry measurement to take into account probe inertia and conduction effects. These measurements concerning the impingement of a jet on a flat plate supplemented the literature data (Baughn & Shimizu (1989) and Cooper et al. (1993)) but emphasized some discrepancy. We proposed an analysis to understand the effect of jet distance from the surface on the local heat transfer coefficient. This work also represent a coherent aerothermal new database for the validation of turbulence models. The impingement of jet on a square sectioned bar showed several interesting 3D flow structures and associated complex heat transfer coefficient distributions. The phenomena of flow seperation and 3D recirculation were identified and analyzed. Also, the influence of the jet position to the bar on the flow topology and on the heat transfer was investigated
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Gupta, Abhishek. "STATIC ANALYSIS OF AN ISOTROPIC SQUARE PLATE SUBJECTED TO OUT OF PLANE LOADING." Thesis, 2015. http://dspace.dtu.ac.in:8080/jspui/handle/repository/14294.
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This project report aims to the static analysis of an isotropic square plate with different boundary conditions and various types of load applications. For the analysis a four noded isoparametric element has been considered. Numerical analysis (finite element analysis, FEA) has been carried out by developing programming in mathematical software MATLAB. Later, for the same structure, analysis has been carried out using finite element analysis software ANSYS. Finally, comparison has been done between the results obtained from FEA numerical analysis, and ANSYS results with classical method - exact solutions. Numerical results showed that, the results obtained by finite element analysis using MATLAB and ANSYS are in close agreement with the results obtained from exact solutions using Galerkin method from Kirchhoff classical plate theory. During this analysis, the optimal thickness of the plate has been obtained when the plate is subjected to different loading and boundary conditions.Dr. A.K. Gupta, Dissertation Supervisor JULY-2013
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Miya, Raymon. "Bifurcation of a square plate twisted by corner forces." Thesis, 1994. http://hdl.handle.net/2429/5081.
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A square plate twisted by corner forces is described by classical linear theory as a saddle
surface. In an experiment, as the plate deforms to any noticeable deflection, it appears
not as a saddle surface, but as a cylindrical surface. The transformation in mode shapes
presents problems in determining material behaviour by shear in a plate twisting experiment. The two mode shapes can be described by either displacement or curvature of the
surface. The purpose of this work is to investigate the buckling of a square plate twisted
by corner forces by determining the bifurcation point and comparing the present FEA
work with the experimental results of Howell and other results found in literature. The
problem is examined using nonlinear finite element buckling analysis. The bifurcation
point is determined by load-displacement plots. The critical value of Gaussian curvature
at the centre of the plate is determined by the Southwell plot method. The critical value
of Gaussian curvature is found to occur before the bifurcation point. Gaussian curvature
is found to vary by an order of magnitude over the plate at bifurcation.
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Lee, Feng-Yen, and 李豐彥. "Study on Openings in Square Plate Subjected to Uniform Load." Thesis, 2000. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/02914290519222577719.
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碩士國立交通大學
土木工程系
88
The thesis was conducted to study the failure loads, displacement and yielding line patterns of square reinforced concrete slab with openings. The slab is subjected to an uniform load. The influences of changing the size of openings, the location of opening and bearing type were investigated. Furthermore, the difference between two openings and one big opening with total area of the two openings is also investigated. From the result of the investigations, several conclusions can be made as follows. (1) The size of opening affects the failure load and displacement. (2) There is a critical size of opening which makes failure load minimum and displacement maximum. (3) If the location of opening moves from center to corner of the plate, failure load will increase and displacement will decrease. (4) Two openings can be simplified into one big opening with equal area.
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Yi, Huang Hsien, and 黃獻毅. "Wake Flow Characteristics and Aerodynamic Forces of a Square Plate." Thesis, 2003. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/21220496334056895800.
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碩士國立臺灣科技大學
機械工程系
91
Surface flow behaviors, wake flow characteristics, and aerodynamic forces of a square plate at various Reynolds numbers and angles of attack were experimentally studied in a low speed wind tunnel. Flow patterns on the surface of the plate and in the wake were identified by using the smoke-wire flow-visualization technique. The velocity profiles, turbulent intensities and vortex-shedding frequencies were measured by an one-component hot-wire anemometer. Aerodynamics lift and drag were measured with a home-made two-component load cell. The results revealed the characteristics in the flow filed, e.g., boundary layer separation, separation bubble, reattach, recirculation wake and vortex shedding. The flow behaviors were found to be closely-related to the aerodynamic performance of the flat plate. Applying simplified similarity theory to the momentum equation, the relationships between the Roshko number and the Reynolds number as well as that between the Strouhal number and the Reynolds number were characterized. Experimental results of the vortex shedding frequencies were found to follow the analytical derivation. Measurements of the aerodynamic loads showed that the stall at ReD=40000 occurred at the angle of attack of 28˚. The measured lift and drag coefficients at high-Reynolds number regime coincided with previous results obtained by many investigators. The aerodynamic performances obtained in this study at low Reynolds numbers and angles of attack other than 90˚ provided more information for the square plate aerodynamics.