Relevant bibliographies by topics / SQUARE PLATE

Contents

  1. Journal articles
  2. Dissertations / Theses
  3. Books
  4. Book chapters
  5. Conference papers
  6. Reports

Academic literature on the topic 'SQUARE PLATE'

Author: Grafiati
Published: 11 September 2023

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Journal articles on the topic "SQUARE PLATE"

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Shi, Shuangxia, Yinlang Qi, Changqing Zhang, Qingtai Meng, Yinbei Liu, Guoyong Jin, and Bin Xiao. "In-Plane Vibration Analysis of Square Plate with Multiple Cutouts." Shock and Vibration 2021 (May 4, 2021): 1–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2021/5540123.

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A theoretical solution method for the in-plane vibration characteristics of the plate with cutouts is proposed in this paper. The energy principle in conjunction with the Rayleigh–Ritz solution technique is adopted for the theoretical modeling of the in-plane vibration of the structure. The energy functions for the plate with cutouts are established by subtracting the energies of the cutout domains from the total energies of the whole plate. To ensure continuity over the entire solution domain, the in-plane displacements are composed of two-dimensional standard Fourier series and supplementary functions. The in-plane eigenmodes of the plates with different square cutouts are compared with the results obtained from the finite element method (FEM), with good agreements. The influences of the cutouts on the in-plane vibration characteristics of the plates with cutouts are investigated by varying the number, size, and position of the cutouts.
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Paik, Jeom Kee, Jang Young Chung, and Min Sung Chun. "On Quasi-Static Crushing of a Stiffened Square Tube." Journal of Ship Research 40, no. 03 (September 1, 1996): 258–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.5957/jsr.1996.40.3.258.

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The aims of this study are to obtain experimental data on the crushing of stiffened square tubes, and to develop a simple analytical expression for predicting the mean crushing strength of stiffened plates making up a plated structure. A series of axial crushing tests in a quasistatic condition was carried out on thin-walled square tubes which were composed of four identical panels. Specimens with longitudinal and/or transverse stiffeners, including unstiffened specimens, were tested, varying dimensions of plate and stiffener. The effective crushing length and the mean crushing strength of the test specimens were investigated. It was concluded that a longitudinally stiffened plate could reasonably be replaced by an unstiffened plate with equivalent plate thickness. Based on this approach, a simple expression for the effective crushing length and the mean crushing strength of stiffened plates was derived.
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Komogortsev, S. V., S. V. Stolyar, L. A. Chekanova, R. N. Yaroslavtsev, O. A. Bayukov, D. A. Velikanov, M. N. Volochaev, P. E. Eroshenko, and R. S. Iskhakov. "Square plate shaped magnetite nanocrystals." Journal of Magnetism and Magnetic Materials 527 (June 2021): 167730. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jmmm.2021.167730.

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Huang, C. S., M. C. Lee, and M. J. Chang. "Vibration and Buckling Analysis of Internally Cracked Square Plates by the MLS-Ritz Approach." International Journal of Structural Stability and Dynamics 18, no. 09 (September 2018): 1850105. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0219455418501055.

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Based on the classical thin plate theory, this paper proposes new sets of enriched basis functions for in-plane and out-of-plane displacements of square plates that can yield admissible functions for the Ritz method using the moving least-squares (MLS) approach. These admissible functions display the discontinuities of displacement and slope across a crack; give the correct singularity order for the stress resultants at the crack tips; and enhance the Ritz method’s ability to recognize the existence of an internal crack in a plate. To confirm the validity of the proposed approach, convergence studies were performed on the buckling loads and vibration frequencies of plates with central horizontal cracks, and the results obtained agree closely with the published ones as well as those generated by the commercial finite element software. To demonstrate the importance of including all the in-plane stress resultant components in the analysis, the effects of different in-plane stress resultant components on the buckling loads and vibration frequencies of simply supported center-cracked square plates under uniaxial uniform loading were investigated. The present approach was further employed to study the effects of cracks’ lengths, orientations, and locations on the buckling loads and frequencies of cracked square plates under different boundary conditions and in-plane loading conditions.
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Li, G., B. Z. Chen, X. F. Deng, and R. K. Eckhoff. "Explosion resistance of a square plate with a square hole." Journal de Physique IV (Proceedings) 12, no. 7 (August 2002): 121–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/jp4:20020274.

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Pala, Sedat, and Kıvanç Azgın. "A MEMS square Chladni plate resonator." Journal of Micromechanics and Microengineering 26, no. 10 (September 9, 2016): 105016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/0960-1317/26/10/105016.

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Khan, Imran Ahemad, Kazi Syed Zakiuddin, and Punit Fulzele. "Harmonic Analysis of Simply Supported Square Plate for Uncertain Parameters." Journal of Physics: Conference Series 2251, no. 1 (April 1, 2022): 012012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/2251/1/012012.

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Abstract Many Mechanical structures are manufacture by using plates. However Harmonic Analysis of plate is growing research subject in today’s era. In the present research paper vibrational response of simply supported square plate with uncertain parameters are studied. In designing any real life mechanical system uncertainty phenomenon plays vital role. Thus it becomes important to study the effect of uncertainty for different frequency domain in mechanical system. In present research work square plate as structural element is selected. On this plate mass, stiffness and both collectively mass and stiffness uncertainty are taken. The plate boundary condition selected is simply supported. For determining the plate dynamic response FEM tool is used. While doing harmonic analysis the behavior of all uncertain parameters plates are compare with bare plate. In the FRF plot of plate with stiffness uncertainty, it is found that it has drastic changes in dynamic response. Thus this shows that uncertain parameters have adverse effects and it changes the dynamic behavior of the structure.
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Mirji, Praveen. "Modal Analysis of a Square Plate with Different Shape Cut Out." International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development Volume-3, Issue-3 (April 30, 2019): 456–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.31142/ijtsrd22847.

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Wang, Wensheng, Huijun Ning, Haojie Wei, Qun Mei, and Longtao Xu. "Influence of flanged-cutout on the buckling behaviors of square plate under uniaxial compression." AIP Advances 13, no. 2 (February 1, 2023): 025342. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/5.0133344.

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Cutouts are commonly found in aerospace, ships, and marine structures, which have a great influence on mechanical properties such as stress concentration, natural frequency, and structural load-bearing performance of the structure. In this study, buckling behaviors of a square plate with a circular flanged cutout at the center are explored numerically, aiming to address the influence of different cutout parameters on the elastic and elasto-plastic buckling behaviors of the perforated plate. The flanged-perforated plate is subjected to uniaxial compressive loads, and the four edges are simply supported in the out-of-plane direction. The influence of various cutout parameters on the elastic and elasto-plastic buckling behaviors of the perforated plate is examined through a series of buckling analysis. In addition, structural weight reduction of the uniaxial compressed perforated square plates is carried out under the constraint of the elastic buckling stress of the plate structure. The findings indicate that different cutout parameters have a significant impact on the buckling performance of the plate. Perforated plates with flanging exhibit higher buckling strength than those without flanging, and variations in plate geometric parameters (such as the plate slenderness ratio and cutout radius ratio) are associated with increases in elastic buckling stress and elasto-plastic ultimate strength. The results of this paper can provide references for the design of flanged-cutouts in engineering.
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Sirajudeen, Rahima Shabeen, and Alagusundaramoorthy P. "GFRP Stiffened Plate with Square Cutout under Axial and Out-of-Plane Load." Polymers 13, no. 8 (April 7, 2021): 1185. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/polym13081185.

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The high-strength-to-weight ratio and corrosion resistance properties of glass-fiber-reinforced polymer (GFRP) composites makes them potentially well-suited for application in ship structures, bridges and off-shore oil platforms. These structures are often formed by stiffened plates and are subjected to axial load and out-of-plane load. Cutouts and openings are provided in the plates for access and maintenance. The main objective of this study was to examine the buckling behavior of GFRP-stiffened composite plates with square cutouts under a combination of axial and out-of-plane load up to failure. Four blade-stiffened composite plates without a cutout and four with square cutout were fabricated with stiffeners as a continuous layup of the flange plate using glass fiber and epoxy resin. The initial geometric imperfections were measured, and plate imperfections (Δx), stiffener imperfections (Δsy) and overall imperfections (Δsx) were calculated from the measurements. All fabricated-stiffened composite plates were tested up to failure. The finite element model was developed in ANSYS software and validated with the experimental results. It was observed that GFRP-stiffened composite plates failed by stiffener compression/stiffener tension mode of failure. The presence of out-of-plane loads and cutouts reduced the axial load carrying capacity of the stiffened composite plates.
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "SQUARE PLATE"

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Williams, Gordon Colin. "An experimental study of instability in square plates twisted by corner forces." Thesis, University of British Columbia, 1988. http://hdl.handle.net/2429/28527.

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An experimental study is presented on the non-linear twisting of plates with free edges, through the application of self-equilibrating corner loads. A simple apparatus was designed and various sizes of plates were twisted while measuring the surface strains on both sides at the centre. Initial difficulty was encountered due to unwanted deflection of the plate under its own weight. The Rayleigh-Ritz method is used to determine an analytical relationship between midsurface strains and curvatures in the pre- and post-bifurcation regions of twisting. In both the experimental and analytical results, the midsurface strains are found to vary linearly with the Gaussian curvature. Non-dimensional groups are identified which collapse the experimental load-strain, load-curvature and midsurface strain-Gaussian curvature relationships. These non-dimensional groups collapse the results in both the linear and non-linear regions. The curvature at the point of bifurcation is identified as a function of plate dimensional parameters. Also shown are the expressions for critical surface strain and corner load at which bifurcation occurs. The experimental load-curvature relationship and point of bifurcation are compared with analytical results found in the literature. A large discrepancy in the literature is resolved for the theoretical point of bifurcation. The present results form a basis for verification of future analytical results, and are important in the measurement of constitutive relationships using the twisted plate test.
Applied Science, Faculty of
Mechanical Engineering, Department of
Graduate
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Howell, Robert A. "An experimental investigation of the bifurcation in twisted square plates." Thesis, University of British Columbia, 1991. http://hdl.handle.net/2429/29974.

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The bifurcation phenomenon occurring in twisted square plates with free edges subject to contrary self-equilibrating corner loading was examined. In order to eliminate lateral deflection of the test plates due to their own weight, a special loading apparatus was constructed which held the plates in a vertical plane. The complete strain field occurring at the plate centre was measured using two strain gauge rosettes mounted on opposing sides of the plate at the centre. Principal curvatures were calculated and related to corner load for several plates with differing edge length/thickness ratios. A Southwell plot was used relating mean curvature to the ratio mean curvature/Gaussian curvature, from which the Gaussian curvature occurring at bifurcation was determined. The critical dimensionless twist ka was then calculated for each plate size. It was found that there is a linear relation between the critical dimensionless twist ka occurring at bifurcation, and the thickness to edge length ratio h/a ratio, specifically: ka = 10.8h/a.
Applied Science, Faculty of
Mechanical Engineering, Department of
Graduate
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Kim, Taeho, and Monika Ivantysynova. "Active Vibration Control of Axial Piston Machine using Higher Harmonic Least Mean Square Control of Swash Plate." Saechsische Landesbibliothek- Staats- und Universitaetsbibliothek Dresden, 2016. http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bsz:14-qucosa-199412.

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Noise emission is a major drawback of the positive displacement machine. The noise source can be divided into structure borne noise source (SBNS) and fluid borne noise source (FBNS). Passive techniques such as valve plate optimization have been used for noise reduction of axial piston machines. However, passive techniques are only effective for limited operating conditions or at least need compromises in design. In this paper, active vibration control of swash plate is investigated for vibration and noise reduction over a wide range of operating conditions as an additional method to passive noise reduction techniques. A 75cc pump has been modified for implementation of active vibration control using the swash plate. One tri-axial acceleration sensor and one angle sensor are installed on the swash plate and a high speed servovalve is used for the swash plate actuation. The multi-frequency two-weight least mean square (LMS) filter synthesizes the servovalve input signal to generate a destructive interference force which minimizes the swash plate vibration. An experimental test setup has been realized using Labview field-programmable gate array (FPGA) via cRIO. Simulation and experimental studies are conducted to investigate the possibility of active vibration control.
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Crabtree, Owen I. "A numerical study of nonlinear static and dynamic behavior of a square thin plate-membrane structure for application to a MEMS micro-generator." Online access for everyone, 2004. http://www.dissertations.wsu.edu/Thesis/Fall2004/o%5Fcrabtree%5F101304.pdf.

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Mohamad, Isa Muammar Bin. "Low Noise Amplifiers using highly strained InGaAs/InAlAs/InP pHEMT for implementation in the Square Kilometre Array (SKA)." Thesis, University of Manchester, 2012. https://www.research.manchester.ac.uk/portal/en/theses/low-noise-amplifiers-using-highly-strained-ingaasinalasinp-phemt-for-implementation-in-the-square-kilometre-array-ska(31b6cbae-7b7e-43fe-a612-b3555dd2263d).html.

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The Square Kilometre Array (SKA) is a multibillion and a multinational science project to build the world’s largest and most sensitive radio telescope. For a very large field of view, the combined collecting area would be one square kilometre (or 1, 000, 000 square metre) and spread over more than 3,000 km wide which will require a massive count of antennas (thousands). Each of the antennas contains hundreds of low noise amplifier (LNA) circuits. The antenna arrays are divided into low, medium and high operational frequencies and located at different positions to boost up the telescope’s scanning sensitivity.The objective of this work was to develop and fabricate fully on-chip LNA circuits to meet the stringent requirements for the mid-frequency array from 0.4 GHz to 1.4 GHz of the SKA radio astronomy telescope using Monolithic Microwave Integrated Circuit technology (MMIC). Due to the number of LNA reaching figures of millions, the fabricated circuits were designed with the consideration for low cost fabrication and high reliability in the receiver chain. Therefore, a relaxed optical lithography with Lg = 1 µm was adopted for a high yield fabrication process.Towards the fulfilment of the device’s low noise characteristics, a large number of device designs, fabrication and characterisation of InGaAs/InAlAs/InP pHEMTs were undertaken. These include optimisations at each critical fabrication steps. The device’s high breakdown and very low gate leakage characteristics were further improved by a combination of judicious epitaxial growth and manipulation of materials’ energy gaps. An attempt to increase the device breakdown voltage was also employed by incorporating Field Plate structure at the gate terminal. This yielded the devices with improvements in the breakdown voltage up to 15 V and very low gate leakage of 1 µA/mm, in addition to high transconductance (gm) characteristic. Fully integrated double stage LNA had measured NF varying from 1.2 dB to 1.6 dB from 0.4 GHz to 1.4 GHz, compared with a slightly lower NF obtained from simulation (0.8 dB to 1.1 dB) across the same frequency band.These are amongst the attractive device properties for the implementation of a fully on-chip MMIC LNA circuits demonstrated in this work. The lower circuit’s low noise characteristic has been demonstrated using large gate width geometry pHEMTs, where the system’s noise resistance (Rn) has successfully reduced to a few ohms. The work reported here should facilitate the successful implementation of rugged low noise amplifiers as required by SKA receivers.
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Merchant, Anwar A. "Least square parabola applied to buckling of concrete plates." Thesis, Kansas State University, 1986. http://hdl.handle.net/2097/9937.

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SPITTAEL, FREDERIK. "FOUNTAIN SQUARE: FACE LIFT OR VITAL INJECTION?" University of Cincinnati / OhioLINK, 2006. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ucin1147103562.

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Lee, Sunmi. "The edge-isoperimetric problem for the square tessellation of plane." CSUSB ScholarWorks, 2000. https://scholarworks.lib.csusb.edu/etd-project/1622.

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The solution for the edge-isoperimetric problem (EIP) of the square tessellation of plane is investigated and solved. Summaries of the stabilization theory and previous research dealing with the EIP are stated. These techniques enable us to solve the EIP of the cubical tessellation.
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Martin, Anthony George. "The ultimate load capacity of square shear plates with circular perforations : (parameter study)." Thesis, University of British Columbia, 1985. http://hdl.handle.net/2429/25119.

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The incremental structural analysis program NISA83 was used to investigate various parameters affecting the ultimate capacity of square plates with circular perforations subjected to uniform shear stress. Both nonlinear material properties and nonlinear geometry were taken into account in determining the ultimate in-plane capacities and buckling capacities of perforated shear plates. The parameters investigated during this study were the hole size for a concentric location, and the hole location for a constant ratio of hole diameter to plate width of 0.2. In addition various doubler plates were studied to determine the most effective shape to restore a shear plate to its original ultimate in-plane capacity. For the first two parameters, the analysis was separated into three parts. The ultimate in-plane capacity, elastic buckling capacity and the ultimate elastic-plastic buckling capacity was determined for each combination of the two parameters. These were used to identify the importance of both elastic buckling and nonlinear material contribute to the reduced ultimate plate capacities. The results from plates with a concentrically located hole of varying size showed excellent correlation with other published experimental and analytical results for both the in-plane capacity and the 3-dimensional buckling capacities. Variation of the center location of a hole of a standard size provided some significant results. Little change was found in the ultimate in-plane capacity for all hole locations. On the other hand, the elastic buckling capacity was raised by 50% after moving the hole from the plate tension diagonal to the compression diagonal. Finally, from the ultimate elastic-plastic' buckling capacity results it was concluded that the concentric provides lower bound capacity for all other hole locations. The in-plane analysis of the optimum doubler plate size showed wide and thin plates to be more effective than narrow and thick plates. A doubler plate with the same thickness as the plate and twice the diameter of the hole is recommended to restore the perforated plate to its original in-plane capacity. In order to aid in the tedious task of checking the input data and to provide a convenient way of displaying the result, a full graphic post-processor was developed as part of this thesis. The program NISPLOT used color graphics available at the UBC Civil Engineering lab to process the output from NISA83. It was written in FORTRAN 77, utilizing subroutines from a commercial graphics package, DI3000, to obtain device independent graphics. NISPLOT generated plots of the nodes and element mesh for each data check. When a complete analysis was carried out by NISA83, nodes, element mesh, deflected shape, and color stress fill plots were generated.
Applied Science, Faculty of
Civil Engineering, Department of
Graduate
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McMahon, John R. "Knot selection for least squares approximation using thin plate splines." Thesis, Monterey, California. Naval Postgraduate School, 1986. http://hdl.handle.net/10945/21951.

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Books on the topic "SQUARE PLATE"

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C, Marques Elizabeth R., Lee Samson S, United States. National Aeronautics and Space Administration. Scientific and Technical Information Branch, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, and Lewis Research Center, eds. Modes of vibration on square fiberglass epoxy composite thick plate. [Washington, D.C.?]: National Aeronautics and Space Administration, Scientific and Technical Information Branch, 1986.

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H, Williams James. Modes of vibration on square fiberglass epoxy composite thick plate. [Washington, D.C.?]: National Aeronautics and Space Administration, Scientific and Technical Information Branch, 1986.

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Squares. New York: Marshall Cavendish Benchmark, 2006.

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Loughrey, Anita. Squares. London: QED, 2011.

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Squares. Mankato, Minn: QEB Pub., 2010.

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Hall, Pamela. Squares. Edina, Minn: Red Wagon, 2008.

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Houlston, R. Air-blast experiments on square plates (U). Ralston, Alta: Defence Research Establishment Suffield, 1986.

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Baird, George F. Nicolson Street, East Side, Hill Place, Hill Square, Nicolson Street, West Side, Nicolson Square, Marshall Street, West Nicolson Street, Beaumont Place, Rankeillor Street, George Square. [Edinburgh]: [s.n.], 2003.

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Siekmann, Andreas. Platz der permanenten Neugestaltung =: Square of permanent reorganization. Köln: König, 1997.

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McMahon, John R. Knot selection for least squares Thin Plate Splines. Monterey, California: Naval Postgraduate School, 1987.

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Book chapters on the topic "SQUARE PLATE"

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Dehadray, Prathamesh, Sainath Alampally, and Bhaskara Rao Lokavarapu. "Buckling Analysis of Square Composite Plate with Rectangular Cutout." In Lecture Notes in Mechanical Engineering, 353–64. Singapore: Springer Nature Singapore, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-19-7709-1_36.

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Sharma, Amit, and Pravesh Kumar. "Natural Vibration of Square Plate with Circular Variation in Thickness." In Advances in Intelligent Systems and Computing, 311–19. Singapore: Springer Singapore, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-13-0589-4_29.

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Sharma, Amit. "Vibration of Nonhomogeneous Square Plate with Circular Variation in Density." In Engineering Vibration, Communication and Information Processing, 253–63. Singapore: Springer Singapore, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-13-1642-5_23.

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Dhatrak, A. I., L. S. Amrutkar, S. W. Thakare, and R. R. Badnakhe. "Performance of Helical and Square Plate Anchors in Cohesionless Soil." In Lecture Notes in Civil Engineering, 741–51. Singapore: Springer Singapore, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-16-3383-6_64.

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Dehadray, Prathamesh Mahesh, Sainath Alampally, and Bhaskara Rao Lokavarapu. "Buckling Analysis of Thin Isotropic Square Plate with Rectangular Cut-Out." In Lecture Notes in Mechanical Engineering, 71–86. Singapore: Springer Singapore, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-16-7282-8_6.

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Ashwani and Rajendra K. Ray. "Computational Study of Shear Flow Past Square Cylinder with Horizontal Control Plate." In Recent Advances in Computational Mechanics and Simulations, 339–50. Singapore: Springer Singapore, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-15-8315-5_29.

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Li, Jinxiang, Jieshan Liu, and Lican Liao. "Numerical study of flow past a square cylinder with rear splitter plate." In Building Seismic Monitoring and Detection Technology, 94–101. London: CRC Press, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/9781003409564-12.

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Patpatiya, Parth, Isha Pandey, and Ananya Gupta. "Comparison of Free Convection Around Heated Square Plate in a Square Enclosure Enclosing Air, Water, and Ag-Water Nanofluid." In Lecture Notes in Mechanical Engineering, 141–50. Singapore: Springer Singapore, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-16-0159-0_13.

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Cen, Song, and Zhi-Fei Long. "Generalized Conforming Thin Plate Element III — Perimeter-Point and Least-Square Conforming Schemes." In Advanced Finite Element Method in Structural Engineering, 176–202. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-00316-5_7.

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Dutta, Partha Pratim, Hirakjyoti Kakati, Monoj Bardalai, and Polash P. Dutta. "Performance Studies with Trapezoidal, Sinusoidal and Square Corrugated Aluminium Alloy (AlMn1Cu) Plate Ducts." In Modeling, Simulation and Optimization, 751–74. Singapore: Springer Singapore, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-15-9829-6_59.

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Conference papers on the topic "SQUARE PLATE"

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Ogunremi, Ayodele R., and David Sumner. "Flow Around a Surface-Mounted Finite Square Prism With a Splitter Plate." In ASME 2014 Pressure Vessels and Piping Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/pvp2014-28055.

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The effect of a wake-mounted splitter plate on the flow around a surface-mounted finite-height square prism was investigated experimentally in a low-speed wind tunnel. Four square prisms of aspect ratios AR = 9, 7, 5 and 3 were tested at a Reynolds number of Re = 7.4×104. The relative thickness of the boundary layer on the ground plane was δ/D = 1.5 (where D is the side length of the prism). The splitter plates were mounted vertically from the ground plane on the wake centreline, with a negligible gap between the leading edge of the plate and rear of the prism. The splitter plate heights were always the same as the heights of prisms, while the splitter plate lengths were varied from L/D = 1 to 7. Measurements of the mean drag force were obtained with a force balance, and measurements of the vortex shedding frequency were obtained with a single-sensor hot-wire probe. Compared to previously published results for an “infinite” square prism, a splitter plate is less effective at drag reduction, but more effective at vortex shedding suppression, when used with a finite-height square prism. Significant reduction in drag was realized only for short prisms (of AR ≤ 5) when long splitter plates (of L/D ≥ 5) were used. In contrast, a splitter plate of length L/D = 3 was sufficient to suppress vortex shedding for all aspect ratios tested. Compared to previous results for finite-height circular cylinders, finite-height square prisms typically need longer splitter plates for vortex shedding suppression.
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Sundaravadivelu, R., P. Alagusundaramoorthy, M. Suneel Kumar, and S. Rahima Shabeen. "Ultimate Strength of Steel and Glass Fibre Reinforced Composite Plates With Square Opening Under Axial and Out of Plane Loads." In ASME 2010 29th International Conference on Ocean, Offshore and Arctic Engineering. ASMEDC, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/omae2010-21093.

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The weight of glass fiber reinforced polymer composite (GFRP) plate is about one fourth of the steel plate and can be used in ship and offshore structures, so that the payload can be increased. However comparative studies on the behaviour of steel and GFRP composite plates with square opening have not been studied in detail. The experimental studies on steel and GFRP plates with and without openings are carried out for the combined loading of axial compression and out-of-plane loads. The in-plane and out-of-plane deflections are measured. The reduction in the axial load carrying capacity of the plates due to out-of-plane load is quantified. The effect of column slenderness ratio and plate slenderness ratio on the collapse load of simply supported stiffened plates is presented. Two sets of interaction equations are developed, one for the steel plate and another for the GFRP composite plate.
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Chen, Kuan-Lin, Shasha Wang, James Salvia, Roger T. Howe, and Thomas W. Kenny. "Encapsulated out-of-plane differential square-plate resonator with integrated actuation electrodes." In TRANSDUCERS 2009 - 2009 International Solid-State Sensors, Actuators and Microsystems Conference. IEEE, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/sensor.2009.5285839.

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Mirza, Saba, Chandra Shakher, and Safia Akhtar Kazmi. "Mode Shape Analysis in Square Plate Using DSPI." In Frontiers in Optics. Washington, D.C.: OSA, 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.1364/fio.2007.jsua3.

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Shimon, Philip T., Yildirim Hurmuzlu, and Edmond Richer. "Active Vibration Control of a Clamped Square Plate." In ASME 2002 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. ASMEDC, 2002. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/imece2002-33530.

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In this paper, we sought to develop an efficient controller for vibration reduction in a fully clamped plate. We investigated three control methodologies (positive velocity feedback, sliding mode control, and H∞ control) and two types of actuators (an inertial actuator and a distributed strain actuator). These were used to develop five control architectures (the sliding mode controller was not implemented for the inertial actuator). Both theoretical and experimental studies were undertaken with varying results. The best theoretical results were obtained when sliding mode and H∞ control were used in conjunction with a distributed strain actuator. Experimentally, the H∞ controller using the distributed strain actuator outperformed the others.
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Wan, Jun, and Lang Wu. "Nonlinear internal force analysis of square flexible foundation plate." In 2nd International Conference on Applied Mathematics, Modelling, and Intelligent Computing (CAMMIC 2022), edited by Chi-Hua Chen, Xuexia Ye, and Hari Mohan Srivastava. SPIE, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1117/12.2638726.

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Sabir, A. B., and G. T. Davies. "Vibration and Buckling of Square Plates Containing Central Holes." In ASME 1997 Turbo Asia Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 1997. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/97-aa-096.

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The finite element method is used to determine the natural frequencies of flat square plates containing centrally located circular or square holes. The plates are subjected to either inplane uniaxial, biaxial or uniformly distributed shear along the four outer edges. These edges are either simply supported or clamped. To determine the stiffness and mass matrices, non conforming rectangular and triangular displacement elements are used to model the out of plane behaviour of the plate. The inplane stress distribution within the plates, which are required in the analysis are determined by using inplane finite elements having displacement fields based on assumed strains. These satisfy the exact requirements of strain free rigid body modes of displacements. The natural frequencies of simply supported and clamped plates are initially determined when no inplane loads are applied. This showed the influence of the size of the hole on the natural circular frequency. These plates were then subjected to inplane loads and the effect of these forces on the natural frequencies are given. The results show the natural frequencies of square plates with central circular holes decrease with increasing compressive forces, and that the frequencies become zero when the compressive forces are equal to the elastic buckling loads of the plates. By repeating this process for all boundary conditions and applied loads a comprehensive set of results is obtained for the buckling and vibrational properties of square plates containing centrally located holes.
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Siegmund, Oswald H. W., Daniel R. Marsh, Joseph M. Stock, and Geoffrey A. Gaines. "Characteristics of square-pore and low-noise microchannel-plate stacks." In San Diego '92, edited by Oswald H. W. Siegmund. SPIE, 1992. http://dx.doi.org/10.1117/12.130689.

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Ozgurluk, Alper, Kieran Peleaux, and Clark T. C. Nguyen. "Widely Tunable 20-NM-Gap Ruthenium Metal Square-Plate Resonator." In 2019 IEEE 32nd International Conference on Micro Electro Mechanical Systems (MEMS). IEEE, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/memsys.2019.8870623.

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Hu, Jian, Li-chao Liu, Yu-hang Chen, Peng Li, Lei Guo, and Shi-li Sun. "Impact of a Square Liquid Body on a Rigid Plate." In 2017 International Conference on Manufacturing Engineering and Intelligent Materials (ICMEIM 2017). Paris, France: Atlantis Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.2991/icmeim-17.2017.77.

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Reports on the topic "SQUARE PLATE"

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Cooper, Gene R., Stephen A. Wilkerson, and Don Carlucci. Analysis of Bending a Square Ceramic Plate under Strong Rotation. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, September 2000. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada383257.

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Rosenfeld. L51686 Effect of Defect Size and Yield to Tensile Ratio on Plastic Deformation Capacity Pipeline Steels. Chantilly, Virginia: Pipeline Research Council International, Inc. (PRCI), January 1993. http://dx.doi.org/10.55274/r0010160.

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Micro-alloyed low-carbon linepipe steels offer an advantageous combination of high toughness and a low carbon equivalent (CE or Pcm) for good weldability. The continuing improvements in pipeline steel manufacturing practices have also led to pipeline steels with higher yield to tensile (Y/T) ratios and a corresponding reduction in strain hardening capacity. Potential users of high Y/T ratio pipeline steels are somewhat reluctant to modify their existing specifications. This is because they do not have the required information to judge the performance characteristics of such steels under a wide range of service conditions. This is not surprising knowing that yielding behaviour, and defect tolerance in particular depends not only on toughness but also on the strain hardening capacity. Therefore, the interaction between toughness and strain hardening capacity (or Y/T) for a successful application of high Y/T ratio linepipe steels must be considered. For the pipe fabricator this means that not only the yield strength of the plate, used to make the pipe, must be carefully controlled, but also that the relationship between the mechanical properties of pipe and plate must be known. This study examined the engineering significance of the yield-to-tensile (Y/T) ratio on yielding behavior and defect tolerance of 1-inch thick X70 steels in plate form. Stress-strain characteristics were measured by tensile testing of standard round-bar, full-section square, and wide-plate specimens. The strained condition was tested to determine the effect of cold forming on the Y/T ratio and yielding behavior. Finally, defect tolerance was determined by testing 8-inch wide notched-plate specimens.
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Zarr, Robert R., and Betty A. Licitra. Calibration at 24[degrees]C of a heat-flow-meter apparatus having 610 mm square plates. Gaithersburg, MD: National Institute of Standards and Technology, 1991. http://dx.doi.org/10.6028/nist.ir.4539.

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Al-Qadi, Imad, Qingqing Cao, Lama Abufares, Siqi Wang, Uthman Mohamed Ali, and Greg Renshaw. Moisture Content and In-place Density of Cold-Recycling Treatments. Illinois Center for Transportation, May 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.36501/0197-9191/22-007.

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Cold-recycling treatments are gaining popularity in the United States because of their economic and environmental benefits. Curing is the most critical phase for these treatments. Curing is the process where emulsion breaks and water evaporates, leaving residual binder in the treated material. In this process, the cold-recycled mix gains strength. Sufficient strength is required before opening the cold-treated layer to traffic or placing an overlay. Otherwise, premature failure, related to insufficient strength and trapped moisture, would be expected. However, some challenges arise from the lack of relevant information and specifications to monitor treatment curing. This report presents the outcomes of a research project funded by the Illinois Department for Transportation to investigate the feasibility of using the nondestructive ground-penetrating radar (GPR) for density and moisture content estimation of cold-recycled treatments. Monitoring moisture content is an indicator of curing level; treated layers must meet a threshold of maximum allowable moisture content (2% in Illinois) to be considered sufficiently cured. The methodology followed in this report included GPR numerical simulations and GPR indoor and field tests for data sources. The data were used to correlate moisture content to dielectric properties calculated from GPR measurements. Two models were developed for moisture content estimation: the first is based on numerical simulations and the second is based on electromagnetic mixing theory and called the Al-Qadi-Cao-Abufares (ACA) model. The simulation model had an average error of 0.33% for moisture prediction for five different field projects. The ACA model had an average error of 2% for density prediction and an average root-mean-square error of less than 0.5% for moisture content prediction for both indoor and field tests. The ACA model is presented as part of a developed user-friendly tool that could be used in the future to continuously monitor curing of cold-recycled treatments.
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Hostetler, Steven, Cathy Whitlock, Bryan Shuman, David Liefert, Charles Wolf Drimal, and Scott Bischke. Greater Yellowstone climate assessment: past, present, and future climate change in greater Yellowstone watersheds. Montana State University, June 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.15788/gyca2021.

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The Greater Yellowstone Area (GYA) is one of the last remaining large and nearly intact temperate ecosystems on Earth (Reese 1984; NPSa undated). GYA was originally defined in the 1970s as the Greater Yellowstone Ecosystem, which encompassed the minimum range of the grizzly bear (Schullery 1992). The boundary was enlarged through time and now includes about 22 million acres (8.9 million ha) in northwestern Wyoming, south central Montana, and eastern Idaho. Two national parks, five national forests, three wildlife refuges, 20 counties, and state and private lands lie within the GYA boundary. GYA also includes the Wind River Indian Reservation, but the region is the historical home to several Tribal Nations. Federal lands managed by the US Forest Service, the National Park Service, the Bureau of Land Management, and the US Fish and Wildlife Service amount to about 64% (15.5 million acres [6.27 million ha] or 24,200 square miles [62,700 km2]) of the land within the GYA. The federal lands and their associated wildlife, geologic wonders, and recreational opportunities are considered the GYA’s most valuable economic asset. GYA, and especially the national parks, have long been a place for important scientific discoveries, an inspiration for creativity, and an important national and international stage for fundamental discussions about the interactions of humans and nature (e.g., Keiter and Boyce 1991; Pritchard 1999; Schullery 2004; Quammen 2016). Yellowstone National Park, established in 1872 as the world’s first national park, is the heart of the GYA. Grand Teton National Park, created in 1929 and expanded to its present size in 1950, is located south of Yellowstone National Park1 and is dominated by the rugged Teton Range rising from the valley of Jackson Hole. The Gallatin-Custer, Shoshone, Bridger-Teton, Caribou-Targhee, and Beaverhead-Deerlodge national forests encircle the two national parks and include the highest mountain ranges in the region. The National Elk Refuge, Red Rock Lakes National Wildlife Refuge, and Grays Lake National Wildlife Refuge also lie within GYA.
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Kwesiga, Victoria, Zita Ekeocha, Stephen Robert Byrn, and Kari L. Clase. Compliance to GMP guidelines for Herbal Manufacturers in East Africa: A Position Paper. Purdue University, November 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.5703/1288284317428.

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With the global increase in the use of traditional and complementary remedies for the prevention and treatment of illness, the quality and safety of these medicines have become a significant concern for all regulatory authorities. Herbal medicines are the most commonly used form of traditional and complementary medicines in the world and the efficacy and safety of herbal medicines, like conventional medicines, largely depends on their quality from planting to harvesting, preprocessing and final processing. Due to the inherent complexity of herbal medicines, often containing an array of active compounds, the primary processing of herbal medicines has a direct influence on their quality. Quality concerns are the reason why the medicines regulatory agencies insist that manufacturers of medicines strictly follow Good Manufacturing Practices since it is an essential tool to prevent instances of contamination, mix-ups, deviations, failures and errors. However, a strict application of GMP requirements is expensive and would drive the prices of the manufactured products up. As a result, a maturity level grading of facilities is proposed as a way of justifying the costs incurred for manufacturers desiring to reach a broader market and investing in continuous improvement. 36 Good Manufacturing Practice (GMP) inspection reports of local herbal manufacturers conducted by National Drug Authority were analyzed to establish the type and extent of deficiencies to GMP requirements for local herbal manufacturers in Uganda. The different GMP chapters and related sub-parameters constituted the variables used for the analysis of conformity to requirements. The primary outcome variable was the conclusion regarding compliance or noncompliance of the inspected local herbal manufacturing facility. GMP parameters that were frequently defaulted by local herbal manufacturers and the corresponding frequencies were identified. The Pearson Chi-square test was applied independently on each category to find the association that existed between conformity and the questions in each category. Only 22% (8) of the 30 inspected facilities were found to comply with GMP requirements, as per National Drug Authority (NDA) guidelines; while the majority of the facilities, 28 (78%), were found not to comply. Of the facilities inspected, 25 were undergoing GMP inspection for the first time. A total of 1,236 deficiency observations were made in the 36 inspection reports reviewed for the study. The mean for all deficiencies was 34.3, and the standard deviation was 15.829. 91.5% of the facilities did not have mechanisms for a record of market complaints; 80.9% did not meet documentation requirements; 78.9% did not have quality control measures in place, and 65.7% did not meet stores requirements. By encouraging a culture of self/voluntary improvement through the introduction of listing of manufacturers based on a maturity level grading, the National Drug Authority will improve the Herbal Medicines sector as per the mandate of improving the herbal medicine industry. Also, increased sensitization of all relevant stakeholders regarding the requirements for GMP should be intensified.
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Anderson, Gerald L., and Kalman Peleg. Precision Cropping by Remotely Sensed Prorotype Plots and Calibration in the Complex Domain. United States Department of Agriculture, December 2002. http://dx.doi.org/10.32747/2002.7585193.bard.

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This research report describes a methodology whereby multi-spectral and hyperspectral imagery from remote sensing, is used for deriving predicted field maps of selected plant growth attributes which are required for precision cropping. A major task in precision cropping is to establish areas of the field that differ from the rest of the field and share a common characteristic. Yield distribution f maps can be prepared by yield monitors, which are available for some harvester types. Other field attributes of interest in precision cropping, e.g. soil properties, leaf Nitrate, biomass etc. are obtained by manual sampling of the filed in a grid pattern. Maps of various field attributes are then prepared from these samples by the "Inverse Distance" interpolation method or by Kriging. An improved interpolation method was developed which is based on minimizing the overall curvature of the resulting map. Such maps are the ground truth reference, used for training the algorithm that generates the predicted field maps from remote sensing imagery. Both the reference and the predicted maps are stratified into "Prototype Plots", e.g. 15xl5 blocks of 2m pixels whereby the block size is 30x30m. This averaging reduces the datasets to manageable size and significantly improves the typically poor repeatability of remote sensing imaging systems. In the first two years of the project we used the Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI), for generating predicted yield maps of sugar beets and com. The NDVI was computed from image cubes of three spectral bands, generated by an optically filtered three camera video imaging system. A two dimensional FFT based regression model Y=f(X), was used wherein Y was the reference map and X=NDVI was the predictor. The FFT regression method applies the "Wavelet Based", "Pixel Block" and "Image Rotation" transforms to the reference and remote images, prior to the Fast - Fourier Transform (FFT) Regression method with the "Phase Lock" option. A complex domain based map Yfft is derived by least squares minimization between the amplitude matrices of X and Y, via the 2D FFT. For one time predictions, the phase matrix of Y is combined with the amplitude matrix ofYfft, whereby an improved predicted map Yplock is formed. Usually, the residuals of Y plock versus Y are about half of the values of Yfft versus Y. For long term predictions, the phase matrix of a "field mask" is combined with the amplitude matrices of the reference image Y and the predicted image Yfft. The field mask is a binary image of a pre-selected region of interest in X and Y. The resultant maps Ypref and Ypred aremodified versions of Y and Yfft respectively. The residuals of Ypred versus Ypref are even lower than the residuals of Yplock versus Y. The maps, Ypref and Ypred represent a close consensus of two independent imaging methods which "view" the same target. In the last two years of the project our remote sensing capability was expanded by addition of a CASI II airborne hyperspectral imaging system and an ASD hyperspectral radiometer. Unfortunately, the cross-noice and poor repeatability problem we had in multi-spectral imaging was exasperated in hyperspectral imaging. We have been able to overcome this problem by over-flying each field twice in rapid succession and developing the Repeatability Index (RI). The RI quantifies the repeatability of each spectral band in the hyperspectral image cube. Thereby, it is possible to select the bands of higher repeatability for inclusion in the prediction model while bands of low repeatability are excluded. Further segregation of high and low repeatability bands takes place in the prediction model algorithm, which is based on a combination of a "Genetic Algorithm" and Partial Least Squares", (PLS-GA). In summary, modus operandi was developed, for deriving important plant growth attribute maps (yield, leaf nitrate, biomass and sugar percent in beets), from remote sensing imagery, with sufficient accuracy for precision cropping applications. This achievement is remarkable, given the inherently high cross-noice between the reference and remote imagery as well as the highly non-repeatable nature of remote sensing systems. The above methodologies may be readily adopted by commercial companies, which specialize in proving remotely sensed data to farmers.
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MOMENT-ROTATION MODEL OF EXTERNAL COVER PLATE JOINTS BETWEEN STEEL BEAMS AND CONCRETE-FILLED SQUARE STEEL TUBULAR COLUMNS WITH INNER I-SHAPED CFRP PROFILE. The Hong Kong Institute of Steel Construction, June 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.18057/ijasc.2023.19.2.5.

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As a new type of beam-column joint, external cover plate joints can be used in concrete-filled square steel tubular (CFSST) structures. To accurately analyze the mechanical characteristics of this novel joint during structural design, it is necessary to investigate the moment-rotation relationships. Based on the analysis of the force-transferring mechanism, the formulas to decide the initial rotation stiffness and ultimate bending moment are founded by using the component analysis method, while the finite element analysis results are also utilized to verify these formulas. Considering the advantages and disadvantages of the existing typical moment-rotation models, a new representation for calculating the moment-rotation curve of the external cover plate joints is proposed using the ultimate bending moment and initial rotation stiffness as two basic parameters. The research reveals that the moment-rotation model proposed in this paper is able to take all loading stages of this joint into account, which facilitates the analysis of yield and ultimate loads. In addition, this model is smooth and continuous at the piecewise points to avoid numerical problems that may be caused in the calculation. Comparing the moment-rotation curves obtained by the calculation model and finite element simulation, the results show good consistency, demonstrating that the moment-rotation model presented in this paper is applicable to the analysis and design of the external cover plate joints.
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EXPERIMENTAL STUDY ON MECHANICAL PERFORMANCE OF BUCKLING-RESTRAINED BRACE ON FRAMES WITH HIGH-STRENGTH CONCRETE-FILLED SQUARE STEEL TUBE COLUMNS. The Hong Kong Institute of Steel Construction, September 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.18057/ijasc.2023.19.3.9.

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Using buckling-restrained braces (BRBs) in frames with high-strength concrete-filled square steel tube columns(HSCFSSTC) can solve issues such as brittle failure and low lateral stiffness. To investigate the mechanical performance of buckling-restrained brace frames(BRBFs), an experiment study was conducted. The investigation involved the design and analysis of a frame system composed of BRBs, HSCFSSTC and H-shaped steel beams. Sub-structures at a 1/3 scale with two types of connections, welded and pin connections, were subjected to pseudo-static tests. The influence of BRBF connection types on the plastic hinge formation mechanism, load-bearing capacity, energy dissipation capacity and stress magnitude of the connection gusset plates was examined. After the test, ABAQUS software was used for finite element analysis of the specimen, and the simulation results were in good agreement with the experimental results.Based on the results, both the welded and pin-connected specimens formed plastic hinges at column bases and the beam ends, which ensured the energy dissipation performance of BRBs. Pin connections were found to exhibit noticeable slippage during loading due to the presence of holes. However, the study found that the plastic hinge formation mechanism, load-bearing capacity, and lateral stiffness of the frames with the two connection types were similar. Furthermore, there was no significant difference in the load-bearing capacity, stress distribution, and magnitude between the two connection types. Nevertheless, welded connections demonstrated a greater potential for broader application as they allowed the BRB to resist horizontal seismic forces earlier than pin connections.
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