Relevant bibliographies by topics / Spray irrigation

Academic literature on the topic 'Spray irrigation'

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Published: 4 June 2021
Last updated: 19 February 2022

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Journal articles on the topic "Spray irrigation"

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Dadhich, R. K., R. S. Meena, M. L. Reager, and B. C. Kansotia. "Response of bio-regulators to yield and quality of Indian mustard (Brassica juncea L. Czernj. and Cosson) under different irrigation environments." Journal of Applied and Natural Science 7, no. 1 (June 1, 2015): 52–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.31018/jans.v7i1.562.

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A field study was conducted during rabi seasons of 2008 and 2009 to evaluated of productivity of Indian mustard (Brassica juncea L.) by foliar spray of bio-regulators under different irrigation environments. Amongst treatments, the application of sufficient irrigation water (four irrigations) recorded the highest number siliqua per plant, higher number of seeds per siliqua, 1000 seed weight and yields as compared to all other irrigation treatments. Results show that an increased in seed yield of 92.40 and 39.37 % under sufficient irrigation and limitedwater condition in 2008 and 93.34% and 40.31% in 2009, respectively over deficient irrigation conditions, foliar sprays of 100 ppm thioglycollic acid at initiation of branching were recorded highest yield attributes and yields. Similarly, 500 ppm of thiourea at initiation of branching and flowering stages also gave second best highest yield attributes and yields as compared to all other bio-regulators spray stages. However, bio-regulators sprays were not recorded any significant effect on oil and protein content. The results were concluded that economic feasibility to improve productivity of Indian mustard with four irrigations levels and sprays of 100 ppm thioglycollic acid and 500 ppm of thiourea at initiation of branching and flowering stages under hyper arid environment.
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Gribanova, S. V., V. G. Yankova, I. L. Udyanskaya, V. Yu Grigoryeva, T. K. Slonskaya, A. A. Zhukova, and I. D. Parfenov. "Comparison of spray capacities of throat sprays containing hexethidine." Infekcionnye bolezni 19, no. 1 (2021): 144–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.20953/1729-9225-2021-1-144-148.

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We compared two metered-dose local sprays containing hexethidine: Maxicold LOR and StopanginTeva. We evaluated the parameters reflecting spray quality, including reproducibility of the dose mass and the irrigation area on planar simulation models. Both sprays demonstrated almost equal high reproducibility of the dose mass. The spray width of Maxicold LOR was larger than that of StopanginTeva, while the spray patterns and reproducibility of print area on the simulation model were similar for both sprays. Key words: hexetidine, metered-dose local sprays, sore throat, simulation model, reproducibility of the dose mass, irrigation area
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Angotoeva, I. B., Ya G. Starunova, D. P. Polyakov, and A. K. Vinnikov. "A comparative study of different methods of irrigation therapy in adults and children." Medical Council, no. 20 (November 14, 2018): 70–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.21518/2079-701x-2018-20-70-75.

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Irrigation therapy is currently an integral part of the prevention and treatment of various ENT diseases. In and amongst all the variety of drugs of irrigation therapy, intranasal sprays are the most widely available. The article presents a comparative study of the intranasal spray characteristics. The advantages of using Marimer spray include minimal discomfort, jet sensation; the spray gets into the nasopharynx, but does not cause the Eustachian tube dysfunction.
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Moffa, Antonio, Andrea Costantino, Vittorio Rinaldi, Lorenzo Sabatino, Eleonora Maria Consiglia Trecca, Peter Baptista, Paolo Campisi, Michele Cassano, and Manuele Casale. "Nasal Delivery Devices: A Comparative Study on Cadaver Model." BioMed Research International 2019 (March 28, 2019): 1–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2019/4602651.

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Nasal nebulization is a more effective method of delivering topical medication than nasal spray. The purpose of this study was to assess the deposition patterns of nebulization in delivering topical agents to the nasal cavities in the human cadaveric model using a color-based method. We have compared these following nasal devices: single-dose vial irrigation, syringe-irrigation, common nasal spray, Spray-sol, MAD nasal, and Rinowash nasal douche. Endoscopic images were recorded at six anatomical regions prior to and following each nasal device application and four reviewers evaluated the amount of surface area staining. At the nasal vestibule, the blue dye distribution achieved with Spray-sol was more extensive than nasal sprays. At inferior turbinate and nasal cavity floor, single dose vial, syringe, MAD nasal, Spray-sol, and Rinowash demonstrated a greater extent of dye distribution than nasal spray. At the middle turbinate, the average score of both Spray-sol and MAD nasal was significantly higher than other nasal investigated devices. At the nasopharynx, Spray-sol nebulization covers a surface significantly greater than other devices. Compared to traditional sprays, Spray-sol and MAD nasal provided a more effective method of delivering topical agents to the deeper and higher portions of the nasal cavities.
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Weatherhead, E. K., and J. W. Knox. "Peak Demands from Spray Irrigation." Water and Environment Journal 11, no. 4 (August 1997): 305–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1747-6593.1997.tb00133.x.

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Makkaew, P., M. Miller, H. J. Fallowfield, and N. J. Cromar. "Microbial risk in wastewater irrigated lettuce: comparing Escherichia coli contamination from an experimental site with a laboratory approach." Water Science and Technology 74, no. 3 (June 6, 2016): 749–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/wst.2016.237.

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This study assessed the contamination of Escherichia coli, in lettuce grown with treated domestic wastewater in four different irrigation configurations: open spray, spray under plastic sheet cover, open drip and drip under plastic sheet cover. Samples of lettuce from each irrigation configuration and irrigating wastewater were collected during the growing season. No E. coli was detected in lettuce from drip irrigated beds. All lettuce samples from spray beds were positive for E. coli, however, no statistical difference (p > 0.05) was detected between lettuces grown in open spray or covered spray beds. The results from the field experiment were also compared to a laboratory experiment which used submersion of lettuce in wastewater of known E. coli concentration as a surrogate method to assess contamination following irrigation. The microbial quality of spray bed lettuces was not significantly different from submersed lettuce when irrigated with wastewater containing 1,299.7 E. coli MPN/100 mL (p > 0.05). This study is significant since it is the first to validate that the microbial contamination of lettuce irrigated with wastewater in the field is comparable with a laboratory technique frequently applied in the quantitative microbial risk assessment of the consumption of wastewater irrigated salad crops.
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Wang, Xue, Kai Li, and Xiao Lei Qin. "The Planning and Economic Benefit Analysis on the Micro Spray Irrigation Construction of the Greenhouses." Advanced Materials Research 838-841 (November 2013): 1677–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.838-841.1677.

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The typical area in Ningbo of China was chosen to conduct the micro spray irrigation construction, and the related economic benefit was analyzed. Results showed that: 776 000 yuan would be cost to construct the micro spray irrigation project in tobacco fields with the area of 350 mu; after the micro spray irrigation program put into use, the income of the area would increase 218 500 yuan per year; the calculated EIRR was 19.5%, the calculated ENPV was 997 100 yuan, and the calculated EBCR was 1.86, from the economical angle, the project was reasonable and practicable. The results could provide the theoretical and practical basis for the widespread of micro spray irrigation project of tobacco fields.
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Prabhakaran, N. K., and A. C. Lourduraj. "Effect of integrated management of irrigation, composted coir pith and nutrients on the growth and yield of soybean (Glycine max L.Merr.)." Acta Agronomica Hungarica 51, no. 2 (July 1, 2003): 181–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.1556/aagr.51.2003.2.6.

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Field experiments were conducted during the summer (February-May) and south west monsoon (June-September) seasons of 1996 and 1997 at the Aliyarnagar Agricultural Research Station of Tamil Nadu Agricultural University, India, to study the growth and yield of soybean in response to irrigation, composted coir pith, time of N, P, K application and use of a nutrient mixture spray. The results revealed that irrigation at 0.90 IW/CPE [ratio of Irrigation Water Depth (IW) to Cumulative Pan Evaporation (CPE)], the application of composted coir pith and the split application of N, P and K in conjunction with a nutrient mixture spray significantly increased the plant height, leaf area index, dry matter production and grain yield of soybean. However, the root length of soybean was significantly reduced by irrigating at 0.90 IW/CPE (compared to irrigation at 0.70 IW/CPE and 0.50 IW/CPE) and by the application of composted coir pith.
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Paul, S., TS Roy, R. Chakraborty, M. Roy, and SC Sarker. "Growth Performance of Lentil by the Effect of Irrigation and Boron Splitting Asfoliar Application." Bangladesh Agronomy Journal 22, no. 2 (June 16, 2020): 139–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/baj.v22i2.47642.

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A field experiment was conducted for evaluating the effect of irrigation and boron splitting as foliar spray on growth and yield of lentil at the Research Field of the Department of Agronomy, Sher-e-Bangla Agricultural University, Dhaka from November, 2018 to March, 2019.Three levels of irrigation viz., I0: control, I1: one irrigation at 25 days after sowing (DAS), I2: two irrigations at 25 DAS and 40 DAS and boron was applied by four levels viz., B0: control, B1: 80% recommended dose as basal + rest 20% as foliar spray (FS) at pre-flowering (PF), B2: 60% RD as basal + rest 40% as FS at PF, B3: 40% RD as basal + rest 60% as FS at PF. The experiment was fully set up in a split-plot design with three replications. Two irrigations at 25 and 40 DAS result produced that the highest plant length, branches plant-1, leaves plant-1, dry weight plant-1. On the other hand, B3 (40% RD as basal + rest 60% as FS at PF) produced significantly the highest growth of lentil. Result also showed that the highest plant length (27.59 cm), number of branches (5.73) and plant dry matter (4.83 g) recorded from I2B3 combinations. Therefore, the combination of two irrigations at 25 and 40 DAS and boron at 40% RD as basal + rest 60% as foliar spray at pre-flowering might be considered as effective dose for the cultivation of lentil in Bangladesh. Bangladesh Agron. J. 2019, 22(2): 139-150
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SOLOMON, ETHAN B., CATHERINE J. POTENSKI, and KARL R. MATTHEWS. "Effect of Irrigation Method on Transmission to and Persistence of Escherichia coli O157:H7 on Lettuce." Journal of Food Protection 65, no. 4 (April 1, 2002): 673–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.4315/0362-028x-65.4.673.

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In this study, the transmission of Escherichia coli O157:H7 to lettuce plants through spray and surface irrigation was demonstrated. For all treatments combined, the number of plants testing positive following a single exposure to E. coli O157: H7 through spray irrigation (29 of 32 plants) was larger than the number testing positive following surface irrigation (6 of 32 plants). E. coli O157:H7 persisted on 9 of 11 plants for 20 days following spray irrigation with contaminated water. Immersion of harvested lettuce heads for 1 min in a 200 ppm chlorine solution did not eliminate all E. coli O157:H7 cells. The results of this study suggest that regardless of the irrigation method used, crops can become contaminated; therefore, the irrigation of food crops with water of unknown microbial quality should be avoided.
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Spray irrigation"

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Lamack, William F. "Spray stake irrigation of container-grown plants." Thesis, Virginia Tech, 1992. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/40645.

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Studies were conducted to evaluate the effect of pre-irrigation media moisture deficit, irrigation application rate, and intermittent irrigation on irrigation efficiency [(amount applied - amount leached) amount applied' 100] of spray stake-irrigated, container-grown plants. In the first experiment, pine bark-filled containers were irrigated to replace moisture deficits of 600, 1200, or 1800 ml. Deficits were returned in single, continuous applications at application rates of 148, 220, and 270 ml/min. Application rate did not affect irrigation efficiency. Efficiency decreased with increased medium moisture deficit. In the second experiment, containers, at 600 ml media moisture deficits, were irrigated with 400 or 600 ml (65% and 100% water replacement, respectively). Irrigation volumes were returned in a single, continuous application or in 100ml applications with 30 min intervals between irrigations (intermittent). Irrigation efficiency was greater with intermittent irrigation, 95 % and 84 % for 400 and 600 ml replacement, respectively, than with continuous irrigation, 84% and 67% for 400 and 600 ml replacement, respectively. When applied intermittently, most water loss from containers occurred after 400 ml were applied. In the third experiment, containers were irrigated with 600 ml (100% water replacement) in 50, 100, or 150 ml applications with 20, 40, or 60 min intelVals between applications. A control was included in which 600 ml was applied in a single, continuous application. Irrigation efficiency increased with decreasing application volume and increasing length of interval between applications. The greatest efficiency (86%) was produced with an irrigation regimen of 50 ml applications with at least 40 min between applications. The control treatment (continuous) produced an irrigation efficiency of 62%. When applied intermittently, most water loss from containers occurred after a total of 300 ml were applied.


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Gunn, Kpoti Mawutodzi. "Developing Strategies For Year-Round Spray Irrigation of Wastewater Effluent in Ohio." The Ohio State University, 2010. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1262207613.

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Kilaka, Eric Kisambuli. "The effects of windbreaks on the effectiveness of sprinkler irrigation systems." Thesis, University of Canterbury. Waterways Centre for Freshwater Management, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/10092/10420.

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In the Canterbury region, New Zealand, water is a contentious issue when irrigation and dairy farming are involved. The Canterbury region accounts for 70% of the total irrigated land area in New Zealand and is one of the most productive agricultural regions. Traditionally, water has been seen as an abundant resource, but growing water demands are now outstripping the supply of water, hence threatening the sustainability of agricultural productivity. In the long term, this problem may worsen as a result of climate change, which is predicted to increase water demands and reduce supply in many parts of Canterbury. In the recent and on-going expansion of irrigation systems, modern sprinkler irrigation methods, namely centre pivot and lateral spray irrigation technology, have replaced the old border-dyke systems. This has been due to the need to increase irrigation flexibility and efficiency to guarantee pasture growth for dairy production in dry periods. This conversion has resulted in a reduction of windbreaks to 2 m heights or sometimes led to 100% removal of windbreaks so as to accommodate centre pivot or linear move irrigation systems. Removal of windbreaks or reduction of windbreak height may increase wind speed across a field. Both spray evaporation loss and evapotranspiration are a function of wind speed. Hence, any increase in wind speed may lead to an increase in irrigation requirements. There is little information currently available on outlining how reduction of windbreak height or the complete removal of windbreaks affects efficiency in water application. Thus, this research was done to quantify the effects of windbreaks on water savings under sprinkler irrigation systems in the Canterbury region under various climatic conditions. The research was done in three major steps: (1) spray evaporation loss (SEL)was measured under various climatic conditions for two typical spray nozzles(Nelson Irrigation Corporation Rotator R3000 and Spinner S3000 nozzles) to develop SEL prediction models; (2) wind speed reduction behind windbreaks was quantified for fields under various wind conditions; and (3) the effects of wind speed reduction by windbreaks was modelled for evapotranspiration, spray evaporation loss and irrigation. The results showed that an increase of wind speed, due to the removal of windbreaks or a reduction of height of windbreaks, leads to an increase in evapotranspiration and spray evaporation losses in irrigated agriculture. For the size of the fields considered in this study which are 80 m by 80 m (Site 1 with medium porosity windbreaks) and 120 m by 120 m (Site 2 with low porosity windbreaks), extra irrigation water of up to 14% is needed in one growing season when windbreaks are reduced to 2 m in height. When windbreaks are completely removed from the field, extra irrigation water of up to 38% and 64% is needed when irrigating using the Rotator R3000 nozzle and the Spinner S3000 nozzle, respectively. Thus, reduction of water resource use can be achieved in irrigated agriculture if irrigation systems can be designed to operate under existing windbreaks. Other savings can follow, from reduced requirements for pumping, fuel and labour costs. Lastly, with future climate change projections showing that the Canterbury region will get windier and hotter, windbreaks can help mitigate water losses associated with sprinkler irrigation
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Bailey, D. A. "Spray Carrier Volume and Irrigation Method Effects on XE-1019 Efficacy on Poinsettias." College of Agriculture, University of Arizona (Tucson, AZ), 1988. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/215833.

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Plants of Euphorbia pulchenima Wind. 'Gutbier V-14 Glory Annette Hegg Dark Red', and 'Annette Hegg Brilliant Diamond' were treated with 37 iw a.i. of XE-1019 applied in 102, 204, or 408 ml-m⁻² foliar sprays. Half of the plants received overhead irrigation and the remaining received soil-surface irrigations. No spray carrier volume effect or irrigation effect was observed for final plant height, bract canopy diameter, or for days from start of short days to bloom. The results obtained do not support the hypothesis that spray carrier volume or irrigation method affect the efficacy of XE-1019 on poinsettias.
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Monnett, Gregory Thomas. "Evaluation of spray irrigation as a methodology for on-site wastewater treatment and disposal on marginal soils." Diss., This resource online, 1992. http://scholar.lib.vt.edu/theses/available/etd-08032007-102238/.

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Jiang, Shuang. "Bacterial leaching from dairy shed effluent applied to a fine sandy loam under flood and spray irrigations." Lincoln University, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/10182/668.

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Land application of wastes has become increasingly popular, to promote nutrient recycling and environmental protection, with soil functioning as a partial barrier between wastes and groundwater. Dairy shed effluent (DSE), may contain a wide variety of pathogenic micro-organisms, including bacteria (e.g. Salmonella paratyphyi, Escherichia coli. and Campylobacter), protozoa and viruses. Groundwater pathogen contamination resulting from land-applied DSE is drawing more attention with the intensified development of the dairy farm industry in New Zealand. The purpose of this research was to investigate the fate and transport of bacterial indicator-faecal coliform (FC) from land-applied DSE under different irrigation practices via field lysimeter studies, using two water irrigation methods (flood and sprinkler) with contrasting application rates, through the 2005-2006 irrigation season. It was aimed at better understanding, quantifying and modelling of the processes that govern the removal of microbes in intact soil columns, bridging the gap between previous theoretical research and general farm practices, specifically for Templeton soil. This study involved different approaches (leaching experiments, infiltrometer measurements and a dye infiltration study) to understand the processes of transient water flow and bacterial transport; and to extrapolate the relationships between bacterial transport and soil properties (like soil structure, texture), and soil physical status (soil water potential ψ and volumetric water content θ). Factors controlling FC transport are discussed. A contaminant transport model, HYDRUS-1D, was applied to simulate microbial transport through soil on the basis of measured datasets. This study was carried out at Lincoln University’s Centre for Soil and Environmental Quality (CSEQ) lysimeter site. Six lysimeters were employed in two trials. Each trial involved application of DSE, followed by a water irrigation sequence applied in a flux-controlled method. The soil columns were taken from the site of the new Lincoln University Dairy Farm, Lincoln, Canterbury. The soil type is Templeton fine sandy loam (Udic-Ustochrept, coarse loamy, mixed, mesic). Vertical profiles (at four depths) of θ and ψ were measured during leaching experiments. The leaching experiments directly measured concentrations of chemical tracer (Br⁻ or Cl⁻) and FC in drainage. Results showed that bacteria could readily penetrate through 700 mm deep soil columns, when facilitated by water flow. In the first (summer) trial, FC in leachate as high as 1.4×10⁶ cfu 100 mL⁻¹ (similar to the DSE concentration), was detected in one lysimeter that had a higher clay content in the topsoil, immediately after DSE application, and before any water irrigation. This indicates that DSE flowed through preferential flow paths without significant treatment or reduction in concentrations. The highest post-irrigation concentration was 3.4×10³ cfu 100 mL⁻¹ under flood irrigation. Flood irrigation resulted in more bacteria and Br⁻ leaching than spray irrigation. In both trials (summer and autumn) results showed significant differences between irrigation treatments in lysimeters sharing similar drainage class (moderate or moderately rapid). Leaching bacterial concentration was positively correlated with both θ and ψ, and sometimes drainage rate. Greater bacterial leaching was found in the one lysimeter with rapid whole-column effective hydraulic conductivity, Keff, for both flood and spray treatments. Occasionally, the effect of Keff on water movement and bacterial transport overrode the effect of irrigation. The ‘seasonal condition’ of the soil (including variation in initial water content) also influenced bacterial leaching, with less risk of leaching in autumn than in summer. A tension infiltrometer experiment measured hydraulic conductivity of the lysimeters at zero and 40 mm suction. The results showed in most cases a significant correlation between the proportion of bacteria leached and the flow contribution of the macropores. The higher the Ksat, the greater the amount of drainage and bacterial leaching obtained. This research also found that this technique may exclude the activity of some continuous macropores (e.g., cracks) due to the difference of initial wetness which could substantially change the conductivity and result in more serious bacterial leaching in this Templeton soil. A dye infiltration study showed there was great variability in water flow patterns, and most of the flow reaching deeper than 50 cm resulted from macropores, mainly visible cracks. The transient water flow and transport of tracer (Br⁻) and FC were modelled using the HYDRUS-1D software package. The uniform flow van Genuchten model, and the dual-porosity model were used for water flow and the mobile-immobile (MIM) model was used for tracer and FC transport. The hydraulic and solute parameters were optimized during simulation, on the basis of measured datasets from the leaching experiments. There was evidence supporting the presence of macropores, based on the water flow in the post-DSE application stage. The optimised saturated water content (θs) decreased during the post-application process, which could be explained in terms of macropore flow enhanced by irrigation. Moreover, bacterial simulation showed discrepancies in all cases of uniform flow simulations at the very initial stage, indicating that non-equilibrium processes were dominant during those short periods, and suggesting that there were strong dynamic processes involving structure change and subsequently flow paths. It is recommended that management strategies to reduce FC contamination following application of DSE in these soils must aim to decrease preferential flow by adjusting irrigation schemes. Attention needs to be given to a) decreasing irrigation rates at the beginning of each irrigation; b) increasing the number of irrigations, by reducing at the same time the amount of water applied and the irrigation rate at each irrigation; c) applying spray irrigation rather than flood irrigation.
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Crous, Mignon. "Effect of irrigation intervals and processing on the survival of Listeria monocytogenes on spray irrigated broccoli." Diss., 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/2263/26618.

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The first aim of this study was to determine the effect of irrigation intervals on the survival of L. monocytogenes on spray irrigated broccoli under field trial conditions, and subsequent survival of the pathogen on broccoli during postharvest processing procedures. The nonpathogenic L. innocua was used as surrogate organism to L. monocytogenes. Broccoli in the field was treated with irrigation water inoculated with L. innocua, during intervals over a period of five weeks and the growth and survival of the organism was monitored weekly. L. innocua numbers remained similar over intervals that received consecutive inoculations and L. innocua numbers decreased by at least 2.3 log cfu/g after inoculation ceased, which showed an inoculation effect and that time had an influence on organism survival. Cessation of irrigation before harvest was found to effectively reduce pathogen contamination levels on the crop, whilst repeated irrigation with contaminated water contributes to maintenance of L. innocua as well as elevated total microbial counts on the broccoli. A lack of correlation between the L. innocua counts and the recorded environmental temperatures in the field, including temperature and relative humidity, suggested that survival is not solely dependent on and influenced by, nor can it be predicted by these parameters. It was found that the presence of high levels of contamination (with, in this case L. innocua) in irrigation water used for vegetable crops, can be associated with an increased microbial population on the crop surface. Secondly, the effect of processing on organism survival post-harvest was assessed. Washing with water caused a 1 log reduction of L. innocua, whilst washing with 200 ppm chlorinated water facilitated a further 1 log reduction. Cooking reduced L. innocua numbers on broccoli by an average of 1.1 log units and aerobic plate counts by between 1 and 2 log units. A combined treatment of washing with chlorine, storage in MAP (5% CO2, 5% O2) for two days at 4°C and final microwave heating resulted in the lowest pathogen numbers, causing a 5.13 log cfu/g log reduction. Therefore, even though chlorine isprocessing, it does not suffice alone to eliminate pathogens (with L. innocua being representative of L. monocytogenes) from vegetables, just as MAP storage is only effective as part of a hurdle procedure. Cooking is essential in destroying L. innocua present on broccoli and to ensure vegetables that are safe for consumption in terms of pathogenic exposure. With this knowledge on the behaviour of L. monocytogenes on broccoli, the risk associated with the application of contaminated irrigation water to fresh produce can be better understood and the hazard managed. Copyright
Dissertation (MSc)--University of Pretoria, 2012.
Food Science
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Books on the topic "Spray irrigation"

1

Speiran, Gary K. Effects of high-rate wastewater spray disposal on the water-table aquifer, Hilton Head Island, South Carolina. Columbia, S.C: U.S. Dept. of the Interior, Geological Survey, 1986.

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Speiran, Gary K. Effects of high-rate wastewater spray disposal on the water-table aquifer, Hilton Head Island, South Carolina. Columbia, S.C: U.S. Dept. of the Interior, Geological Survey, 1986.

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Speiran, Gary K. Effects of high-rate wastewater spray disposal on the water-table aquifer, Hilton Head Island, South Carolina. Columbia, S.C: U.S. Dept. of the Interior, Geological Survey, 1986.

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Speiran, Gary K. Effects of high-rate wastewater spray disposal on the water-table aquifer, Hilton Head Island, South Carolina. Columbia, S.C: U.S. Dept. of the Interior, Geological Survey, 1986.

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Speiran, Gary K. Effects of high-rate wastewater spray disposal on the water-table aquifer, Hilton Head Island, South Carolina. Columbia, S.C: U.S. Dept. of the Interior, Geological Survey, 1986.

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Speiran, Gary K. Effects of high-rate wastewater spray disposal on the water-table aquifer, Hilton Head Island, South Carolina. Columbia, S.C: U.S. Dept. of the Interior, Geological Survey, 1986.

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Yurewicz, Michael C. Effects on ground water of spray irrigation using treated municipal sewage southwest of Tallahassee, Florida. Tallahassee, Fla: U.S. Dept. of the Interior, Geological Survey, 1986.

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Trommer, J. T. Effects of effluent spray irrigation and sludge disposal on ground water in a karst region, northwest Pinellas County, Florida. Tallahassee, Fla: U.S. Department of the Interior, U.S. Geological Survey, 1993.

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Trommer, J. T. Effects of effluent spray irrigation and sludge disposal on ground water in a karst region, northwest Pinellas County, Florida. Tallahassee, Fla: U.S. Department of the Interior, U.S. Geological Survey, 1993.

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Trommer, J. T. Effects of effluent spray irrigation and sludge disposal on ground water in a karst region, northwest Pinellas County, Florida. Tallahassee, Fla: U.S. Department of the Interior, U.S. Geological Survey, 1993.

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Book chapters on the topic "Spray irrigation"

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Ladewig, Bradley, and Benjamin Asquith. "Spray Irrigation." In SpringerBriefs in Molecular Science, 41–47. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-24852-8_6.

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Clark, J. M., J. R. Marion, and D. M. Tessier. "Effect of Spray Adjuvant on Off-Site Airborne and Deposited Parathion from Cranberry Bogs Treated by Aerial Application and Chemical Irrigation." In ACS Symposium Series, 243–59. Washington, DC: American Chemical Society, 1993. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/bk-1993-0522.ch021.

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Southorn, Neil. "Spray irrigation." In Farm Irrigation, 80–99. Elsevier, 1997. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/b978-075068937-3/50019-3.

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"spray irrigation." In Dictionary Geotechnical Engineering/Wörterbuch GeoTechnik, 1288. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-41714-6_196265.

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Jabeen, Rizwana, and Rafiq Ahm. "Provision of Essential Minerals Through Foliar Sprays." In Water Quality, Soil and Managing Irrigation of Crops. InTech, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.5772/31086.

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Conference papers on the topic "Spray irrigation"

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D. Schneider and T. A. Howell. "Comparison of SDI, LEPA, and Spray Irrigation Efficiency." In 2001 Sacramento, CA July 29-August 1,2001. St. Joseph, MI: American Society of Agricultural and Biological Engineers, 2001. http://dx.doi.org/10.13031/2013.7374.

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James P. Bordovsky and Dana Porter. "Cotton Response to Pre-plant Irrigation Level and Irrigation Capacity Using Spray, LEPA, and Subsurface Drip Irrigation." In 2003, Las Vegas, NV July 27-30, 2003. St. Joseph, MI: American Society of Agricultural and Biological Engineers, 2003. http://dx.doi.org/10.13031/2013.13753.

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"Testing Low Energy Spray Application (LESA) in the Pacific Northwest." In 2015 ASABE / IA Irrigation Symposium: Emerging Technologies for Sustainable Irrigation - A Tribute to the Career of Terry Howell, Sr. Conference Proceedings. American Society of Agricultural and Biological Engineers, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.13031/irrig.20152147719.

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"Moving Spray-Plate Center-Pivot Sprinkler Rating Index for Assessing Runoff Potential." In 2015 ASABE / IA Irrigation Symposium: Emerging Technologies for Sustainable Irrigation - A Tribute to the Career of Terry Howell, Sr. Conference Proceedings. American Society of Agricultural and Biological Engineers, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.13031/irrig.20152143149.

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"Pathogen Transport Modeling During Spray Irrigation of Liquid Manure in Wisconsin." In 2014 ASABE Annual International Meeting. American Society of Agricultural and Biological Engineers, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.13031/aim.20141912835.

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Swenson, L., K. Kalbfleisch, B. Kelman, and R. Brecher. "442. Evaluating Worker Exposure During Spray Irrigation Operations Using Contaminated Water Sources." In AIHce 1999. AIHA, 1999. http://dx.doi.org/10.3320/1.2763311.

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Paul D Colaizzi, Steven R Evett, and Terry A. Howell. "Crop Emergence and Near-Surface Soil Temperature for SDI, LEPA, and Spray Irrigation." In 2006 Portland, Oregon, July 9-12, 2006. St. Joseph, MI: American Society of Agricultural and Biological Engineers, 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.13031/2013.22304.

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Albuquerque, Caio K. G., Sergio Polimante, Andre Torre-Neto, and Ronaldo C. Prati. "Water spray detection for smart irrigation systems with Mask R-CNN and UAV footage." In 2020 IEEE International Workshop on Metrology for Agriculture and Forestry (MetroAgriFor). IEEE, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/metroagrifor50201.2020.9277542.

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Paul D Colaizzi, Steven R Evett, Terry A Howell, and R Louis Baumhardt. "Crop Production Comparison with Spray, LEPA, and Subsurface Drip Irrigation in the Texas High Plains." In 5th National Decennial Irrigation Conference Proceedings, 5-8 December 2010, Phoenix Convention Center, Phoenix, Arizona USA. St. Joseph, MI: American Society of Agricultural and Biological Engineers, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.13031/2013.35818.

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Davanlou, Ashkan, Joshua Lee, Saptarshi Basu, and Ranganathan Kumar. "The Effects of Surfactant on Simplex Nozzle Spray Behavior and its Comparison to Liquid Fuels." In ASME 2013 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/imece2013-65116.

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Abstract:
Pressure-swirl nozzles (simplex nozzles) are used in various field applications such as aero-engines, power generation, spray painting and agricultural irrigation. For this particular nozzle, research in the past decade has dealt with the development of numerical models for predicting droplet distribution profiles. Although these results have been valuable, the experimental results have been contradictory, therefore fundamental understanding of the influence of properties in nozzle is important. This paper experimentally investigates the effect of surfactants on breakup and coalescence. Since most of the fuels and biofuels have low surface tension compared to water, a comparative analysis between a surfactant solution and a liquid fuel is imperative. For this experimental study, a simplex nozzle characterized as flow number 0.4 will be utilized. The injection pressures will range from 0.3–4Mpa while altering the surface tension from 72 to 28mN/m. By applying Phase Doppler Particle Anemometry (PDPA) which is a non-intrusive laser diagnostic technique, the differences in spray characteristics due to spray surface tension can be highlighted. The average droplet diameter decreases for a low surface tension fluid in the axial direction in comparison to pure water. The average velocity of droplets is surprisingly lower in the same spray zone. Measurements made in the radial direction show no significant changes, but at the locations close to the nozzle, water droplets have larger diameter and velocity. The results indicate the breakup and coalescence regimes have been altered when surface tension is lowered. A decrease in surface tension alters the breakup length while increasing the spray angle. Moreover, higher injection pressure shortens the breakup length and decrease in overall diameter of the droplets. By performing this experimental study the fundamentals of spray dynamics, such as spray formation, liquid breakup length, and droplet breakup regimes can be observed as a function of surface tension and how a surrogate fuel compares with a real fuel for experimental purposes. This knowledge potentially will lead to designing a better atomizer or new biofuels.
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Reports on the topic "Spray irrigation"

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Saline irrigation and corticosteroid spray are effective first choice treatments for chronic sinusitis. National Institute for Health Research, December 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.3310/signal-000167.

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Effects on ground water of spray irrigation using treated municipal sewage southwest of Tallahassee, Florida. US Geological Survey, 1986. http://dx.doi.org/10.3133/wri864109.

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Effects of effluent spray irrigation and sludge disposal on ground water in a karst region, northwest Pinellas County, Florida. US Geological Survey, 1992. http://dx.doi.org/10.3133/wri914181.

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Wastewater application by spray irrigation on a field southeast of Tallahassee, Florida; effects on ground-water quality and quantity, 1980-82. US Geological Survey, 1985. http://dx.doi.org/10.3133/wri854006.

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Effect of spray irrigation of treated wastewater on water quality of the surficial aquifer system, Reedy Creek Improvement District, central Florida. US Geological Survey, 1990. http://dx.doi.org/10.3133/wri884174.

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