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Zhang, Mingdou, Yue Li, Rui Guo, and Yurui Yan. "Heterogeneous Effects of Urban Sprawl on Economic Development: Empirical Evidence from China." Sustainability 14, no. 3 (January 29, 2022): 1582. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su14031582.
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Identifying the effects of urban sprawl on urban development is of strategic importance. This study takes 285 prefecture-level and above cities in China as research samples and empirically analyzes the heterogeneous impact of urban sprawl on economic development from 2009 to 2018. Results indicate the threshold effect of urban sprawl on economic development. That is, moderate urban sprawl has a significantly positive influence on economic development, whereas excessive urban sprawl has a significantly negative impact on economic development. The empirical analysis also identifies heterogeneities in the effects of urban sprawl on economic development. Compared with the sprawls of small- and medium-sized cities, those of large cities have a greater negative impact on economic development. Compared with the sprawls of cities dominated by the tertiary industry, those of cities dominated by the secondary industry have a greater negative impact on economic development. Findings of this study have important policy implications for scientific urban expansion, reasonable urban spatial layout, and sustainable urban economic development.
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Kitamura, Katie. "Sprawl." Sewanee Review 130, no. 3 (June 2022): 567–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.1353/sew.2022.0042.
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GÖLLNER, ANNA. "TO SPRAWL OR NOT TO SPRAWL?" Australian Planner 33, no. 3 (January 1996): 136–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/07293682.1996.9658098.
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Nechyba, Thomas J., and Randall P. Walsh. "Urban Sprawl." Journal of Economic Perspectives 18, no. 4 (November 1, 2004): 177–200. http://dx.doi.org/10.1257/0895330042632681.
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The authors begin with an overview of the causes and consequences of urban sprawl in the twentieth century, focusing in particular on lower transportation costs and self-sorting of the population. By sprawl, we will mean the tendency toward lower city densities as city footprints expand. They next focus on four issues that raise clear efficiency and equity concerns: unproductive congestion on roads, high levels of metropolitan car pollution, the loss of open space amenities, and unequal provision of public goods and services across sprawling metropolitan suburbs that give rise to residential segregation and pockets of poverty. Finally, they consider the trade-offs inherent in some policies commonly proposed to address urban sprawl. Throughout, a main theme of the discussion is that a full analysis of sprawl is made difficult by the lack of a usefully integrated economic model of urban economies. Along these lines, the authors conclude with some thoughts on possible future research agendas.
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Okulicz-Kozaryn, Adam. "Natural Sprawl." Administration & Society 48, no. 9 (July 28, 2016): 1128–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0095399714527755.
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&NA;. "Suburban sprawl." Nursing 34, no. 12 (December 2004): 35. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/00152193-200412000-00043.
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Gorder, P. F. "Simulating Sprawl." Computing in Science & Engineering 6, no. 4 (July 2004): 6–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/mcse.2004.17.
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Dablanc, Laetitia, Scott Ogilvie, and Anne Goodchild. "Logistics Sprawl." Transportation Research Record: Journal of the Transportation Research Board 2410, no. 1 (January 2014): 105–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.3141/2410-12.
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Stewart, Eric. "Victorian Sprawl." California History 93, no. 2 (2016): 17–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.1525/ch.2016.93.2.17.
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Beginning in the 1880s, transportation innovations allowed the City of Los Angeles to expand past natural barriers and develop the vast land beyond the city's core. The cable car and the electric trolley aided the expression of a Victorian residential ideal and urban aesthetic imported into Los Angeles from “back East” and the Midwest. Streetcar suburbs, the earliest form of urban flight, emerged on what were then the outer fringes of the city, initiating perpetual sprawl. While the city's massive growth in the 1920s as well as extensive post–World War II suburbanization cannot be ignored, such development has obscured the much earlier origins of sprawl in the historiography. This paper argues that Victorian Los Angeles instituted trends aimed at low-density, outward growth, which the streetcar enabled, Progressive planners reinforced, and which bore many of the drawbacks associated with modern urban sprawl.
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Glisson, James. "Photographing Sprawl." Afterimage 35, no. 4 (January 1, 2008): 13–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.1525/aft.2008.35.4.13.
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Laidley, Thomas. "Measuring Sprawl." Urban Affairs Review 52, no. 1 (February 9, 2015): 66–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1078087414568812.
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Sprawl is a popular subject in the urban literature, yet conceptualization and measurement have proven elusive. Projects which focus either on empirical advances in the quantification of urban form or related phenomena like travel behavior are rarely conversant, leading to a fundamental disconnect between operationalizing the concept and modeling its effects. Here, I build on previous work in developing a new index of sprawl and examine changes in urban morphology at the metropolitan level in the United States from 2000 to 2010. I then illustrate face validity by outlining suggestive relationships between the index and associated environmental and housing outcomes, while comparing it with other commonly used measures. I find that sprawl continues into the twenty-first century, and that this proposed measure demonstrates initial face validity with respect to key environmental and housing outcomes. I conclude with a discussion of the results and suggestions for future research.
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McClellan, Guy. "Sierra Sprawl." California History 92, no. 3 (2015): 37–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.1525/ch.2015.92.3.37.
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Torrens, Paul M. "Simulating Sprawl." Annals of the Association of American Geographers 96, no. 2 (June 2006): 248–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-8306.2006.00477.x.
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Heubeck, Steven. "Competitive sprawl." Economic Theory 39, no. 3 (February 23, 2008): 443–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00199-008-0341-0.
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Kirby, Andrew. "On ‘Sprawl’." Cities 21, no. 5 (October 2004): 369–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.cities.2004.07.009.
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Shi, Yishao, Liangliang Zhou, Xiatong Guo, and Jiaqi Li. "The Multidimensional Measurement Method of Urban Sprawl and Its Empirical Analysis in Shanghai Metropolitan Area." Sustainability 15, no. 2 (January 5, 2023): 1020. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su15021020.
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Urban sprawl concerns the high-quality and sustainable development of large cities. Due to the ambiguous definition, diversity of measurement indices and complexity of the driving mechanism of urban sprawl, the research results are rich but controversial. How does one carry out multidimensional measurement of urban sprawl? How does one reveal the spatio-temporal evolution characteristics of urban sprawl dynamically? First, according to the three common characteristics of urban sprawl (discontinuity of land use, low population density and inefficiency of land use), we, respectively, measure the urban sprawl of Shanghai metropolitan area by single index and comprehensive indices based on multi-source geospatial data. Next, using geographic information system (GIS) method, the temporal and spatial characteristics of urban sprawl in Shanghai are quantitatively and dynamically analyzed. The results show that (1) land use continuity reveals that fringe expansion is the main mode of urban sprawl, population density exhibits an upwards trend, and land use benefit shows that the sprawl increased first, then decreased and increased again, i.e., “N” type trend. The results of the above three comprehensive superpositions indicate that the urban sprawl in Shanghai changed from severe in 1995 to mild in 2010 and in 2020. (2) From 1990 to 2020, urban sprawl in Shanghai showed a trend of decreasing first, then increasing and decreasing again, which is consistent with an evolutionary trend of newly increased construction land. The larger the sprawl area was, the lower the land use efficiency of the sprawl area was. (3) The main directions of urban sprawl were southeast and southwest, and Songjiang District and Pudong New Area were the main sprawl areas. The peak value of urban sprawl mainly occurred at 20–30 km and was located in the area between the outer ring and the suburban ring. (4) Through time series analysis, we found that the effective supply of housing significantly affected the intensity and scale of urban sprawl but not the speed of urban sprawl in Shanghai metropolitan area. These findings are helpful to reasonably evaluate the real picture of urban sprawl in Shanghai metropolitan areas and provide reference for the formulation of urban sprawl governance policies.
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Perdue, Wendy C., Lawrence O. Gostin, and Lesley A. Stone. "Public Health and the Built Environment: Historical, Empirical, and Theoretical Foundations for an Expanded Role." Journal of Law, Medicine & Ethics 31, no. 4 (2003): 557–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1748-720x.2003.tb00123.x.
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In 2000, the Center for Disease Control and Prevention’s National Center for Environmental Health issued a report that explored some of the ways in which “sprawl” impacts public health. The report has generated great interest, and state health officials are beginning to discuss the relationship between land use and public health. The CDC report has also produced a backlash. For example, the Southern California Building Industry Association labeled the report “a ludicrous sham” and argued that the CDC should stick to “fighting physical diseases, not defending political ones.”In retrospect, it is probably unfortunate that this report was funded by an organization called “Sprawl Watch.” “Spraw” is a word that has no clear meaning but is applied to a huge range of issues involving suburban development.
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Firdaus, Firdaus, Febby Asteriani, and Anissa Ramadhani. "Karakteristik, Tipologi, Urban Sprawl." JURNAL SAINTIS 18, no. 2 (October 30, 2018): 89–108. http://dx.doi.org/10.25299/saintis.2018.vol18(2).3191.
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[ID] Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui karakteristik, tipologi, dan tingkat urban sprawl yang terjadi di Kota Pekanbaru. Sampel penelitian sejumlah 99 dari 7.646 jumlah bangunan yang terdigitasi. Mengetahui karakteristik dan tipe urban sprawl digunakan analisis deskriptif dengan pendekatan spasial dan untuk tingkat urban sprawl dilakukan dengan pemberian scoring pada variable urban sprawl. Hasil penelitian menunujukkan bahwa karakteristik urban sprawl dicirikan dengan penggunaan lahan terpisah yang terletak jauh dari pusat-pusat permukiman, kepadatan penduduk rendah sekitar 4.499 jiwa/km2, penggunaan mobil pribadi yang tinggi pada jam sibuk yakni sebesar 5.945 unit setiap hari. Tipe urban sprawl yang dominan adalah perembetan memanjang dan perembetan meloncat terjadi pada jalan arteri maupun kolektor, sedangkan perembetan meloncat terjadi di beberapa kelurahan. Kelurahan Delima dan Kelurahan Tuah Karya termasuk pada tipologi ke-1 dengan tingkat urban sprawl rendah, dan tipologi ke-2 dengan tingkat urban sprawl sedang terjadi di Kelurahan Sidomulyo Barat, sedangkan Kelurahan Simpang Baru termasuk pada tipologi ke-3 dengan tingkat urban sprawl tinggi.
[EN] This study aims to determine the characteristics, typology, and levels of urban sprawl that occur in the city of Pekanbaru. The study sample numbered 99 out of 7,646 numbers of digitalized buildings. Knowing the characteristics and types of urban sprawl used descriptive analysis with a spatial approach and for the level of urban sprawl carried out by giving scoring to urban sprawl variables. The results of the study show that the characteristics of urban sprawl are characterized by separate land uses located far from residential centers, low population density of around 4,499 people / km2, high private car use during peak hours which is 5,945 units per day. The dominant type of urban sprawl is longitudinal infiltration and jumping leaks that occur on arterial roads and collectors, while leachates jump in several villages. The Delima and Tuah Karya Villages included in the 1st typology with a low level of urban sprawl, and the second typology with the level of urban sprawl was occurring in Sidomulyo Barat Village, while the Simpang Baru Village was included in the 3rd typology with high urban sprawl.
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Jaret, Charles, Ravi Ghadge, Lesley Williams Reid, and Robert M. Adelman. "The Measurement of Suburban Sprawl: An Evaluation." City & Community 8, no. 1 (March 2009): 65–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1540-6040.2009.01270.x.
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We review and analyze how suburban sprawl has been conceptualized and measured in recent urban research. We find that indexes created to measure sprawl in metropolitan areas do so in three different ways. Some measures are based on residential population density, others specifically measure the extent of job or employment sprawl, and others consider sprawl a multidimensional land use phenomenon (and provide separate indexes for each dimension). Our analyses show that (1) most residential population density indexes reflect other dimensions of sprawl; (2) it is useful to think of metropolitan areas as positioned on two distinct dimensions of sprawl (i.e., centeredness and density–mixed land use); and (3) job sprawl and residential sprawl vary independently from each other. We provide recommendations regarding which sprawl measures are most appropriate for research applications.
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Wang, Jintao, Shiyou Qu, Ke Peng, and Yanchao Feng. "Quantifying Urban Sprawl and Its Driving Forces in China." Discrete Dynamics in Nature and Society 2019 (May 6, 2019): 1–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2019/2606950.
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Against the background that urbanization has proceeded quickly in China over the last two decades, a limited number of empirical researches have been performed for analyzing the measurement and driving forces of urban sprawl at the national and regional level. The article aims at using remote sensing derived data and administrative data (for statistical purposes) to investigate the development status of urban sprawl together with its driving forces. Compared with existing studies, NPP/VIIRS data and LandScan data were used here to examine urban sprawl from two different perspectives: urban population sprawl and urban land sprawl. Furthermore, we used population density as a counter-indicator of urban sprawl, and the regression results also prove the superiority of the urban sprawl designed by us. The main results show that the intensity of urban population sprawl and urban land sprawl has been enhanced. However, the upside-down between the inflow of migrants and the supply of urban construction land among different regions aggravates the intensity of urban sprawl. According to the regression analyses, the driving mechanism of urban sprawl in the eastern region relying on land finance and financial development has lost momentum for the limitation of urban construction land supply. The continuous outflow of population and loosely land supply have accelerated the intensity of urban land sprawl in the central and western regions. The findings of the article may help people to realize that urban sprawl has become a staggering reality among Chinese cities; thereby urban planners as well as policymakers should make some actions to hinder the urban sprawl.
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Zhang, Yuxiang, Dongjie Guan, Xiujuan He, and Boling Yin. "Simulation on the Evolution Trend of the Urban Sprawl Spatial Pattern in the Upper Reaches of the Yangtze River, China." International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 19, no. 15 (July 27, 2022): 9190. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph19159190.
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Urban sprawl has become the main pattern of spatial expansion in many large cities in China, and its ecological and environmental effects profoundly impact Chinese urban development. In this paper, nighttime light data and statistical yearbook data are adopted as basic data sources to simulate the evolution trend of the urban sprawl in the upper Yangtze River (UYR), China. First, the urban sprawl index (USI) is employed to assess the level of urban sprawl and to determine the characteristics of urban sprawl under different scales. Second, the spatial autocorrelation model is applied to reveal the spatial pattern change characteristics of urban sprawl from 1992 to 2015. Third, a scenario analysis model of urban sprawl is constructed to simulate the evolution trend of the urban sprawl under different scenarios. Finally, based on the Geodetector, the influence of factors and factor interactions influencing urban sprawl in different time periods is analyzed. The results yield the following main conclusions: (1) The urban sprawl in the UYR first intensifies and then stabilizes over time. The number of cities with high USI in Sichuan province, medium cities, and Chengdu-Chongqing urban agglomeration increases over time, indicating that urban sprawl is intensifying in these areas. (2) The urban sprawl hot spots experience a pattern transformation process of point-like expansion-point-ring expansion-point-axis expansion-axis radiation. (3) Under the scenarios with different scales, the urban land sprawl in large cities is the highest, accounting for more than 47% of the UYR. Urban land sprawl extent in the Chengdu-Chongqing urban agglomeration is the highest, accounting for more than 51% of the UYR. The cities exhibiting the highest sprawl are Chongqing, Lijiang, and Kunming, accounting for 25.84%, 7.37%, and 5.11%, respectively, of the UYR. (4) In the different time scenario simulations, the urban land in large cities exhibits the highest sprawl, accounting for approximately 48.16% of the UYR. The urban land in the Chengdu-Chongqing urban agglomeration demonstrates the highest sprawl, accounting for 50.92% of the UYR. (5) From 1996 to 2002, the driver with the highest influence on urban sprawl was secondary industry share of GDP, with a q-statistic of 0.616. From 2009 to 2015, the driver with the highest influence on urban sprawl was green space per capita with a q-statistic of 0.396.
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Mujiandari, Reni. "Perkembangan Urban Sprawl Kota Semarang pada Wilayah Kabupaten Demak Tahun 2001-2012." Jurnal Wilayah dan Lingkungan 2, no. 2 (August 5, 2014): 129. http://dx.doi.org/10.14710/jwl.2.2.129-142.
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<p class="Abstract">Urban sprawl merupakan fenomena yang terjadi akibat perkembangan kota yang semakin pesat, tetapi memiliki keterbatasan lahan sehingga perkembangan kota semakin meluas ke wilayah pinggiran (sub-urban). Wilayah sub-urban yang masih tergantung kepada kota inti juga menjadi salah satu pemicu proses urbanisasi terjadi di wilayah pinggiran tersebut (Soetomo, 2009). Fenomena tersebut terjadi di Kota Semarang yang terus berkembang, tetapi memiliki keterbatasan lahan. Kondisi tersebut menyebabkan terjadinya perkembangan kota hingga melewati batas administrasi salah satunya ke arah Kabupaten Demak. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengkaji bagaimana perkembangan sprawl Kota Semarang pada wilayah Kabupaten Demak selama tahun 2001-2012. Urban sprawl pada penelitian ini ditinjau dari dua dimensi yaitu dimensi fisikal dan non fisikal. Dimensi fisikal meliputi pemanfaatan lahan, kepadatan bangunan, fungsi bangunan dan tingkat aksesibilitas. Dimensi non fisikal meliputi kepadatan penduduk dan mata pencaharian agraris penduduk. Sprawl Kota Semarang pada wilayah Kabupaten Demak selama tahun 2001-2012 telah bertambah seluas 498,685 Ha (32,23%), yang terdiri dari perubahan dari urban sprawl menjadi non-urban sprawl sebesar 488,278 ha dan perubahan dari non-urban sprawl menjadi urban sprawl sebesar 986,963 ha. Perkembangan sprawl memiliki pola kombinasi ribbon development dan leap frog development. Wilayah Kabupaten Demak dengan jarak 7,5-10 km dari pusat Kota Semarang (ring 1) merupakan wilayah yang mengalami perkembangan urban sprawl terbesar. Hal ini menunjukan bahwa jarak terhadap pusat kota menjadi salah satu faktor yang berpengaruh terhadap terjadinya sprawl. Untuk mengatasi perkembangan sprawl agar tidak semakin meluas diperlukan kebijakan mengenai arahan pengembangan perumahan pada kawasan urban sprawl, penambahan fasilitas umum dan penyediaan sarana dan prasarana angkutan masal yang terintegrasi dengan terminal terdekat di Kota Semarang.</p><strong></strong>
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Mustafa, Ahmed, and Jacques Teller. "Self-Reinforcing Processes Governing Urban Sprawl in Belgium: Evidence over Six Decades." Sustainability 12, no. 10 (May 17, 2020): 4097. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su12104097.
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Urban sprawl is widely acknowledged as an environmental and socio-economic challenge worldwide. This study examines urban sprawl in Belgium over six decades from 1950 to 2010. We assume that sprawl is a self-reinforcing process, i.e., sprawl is fueling further sprawl over time. The main objective of this study is to examine this assumption. We measure urban sprawl at four different levels in this study: country, regions, municipalities, and 1-km2 cells. Three sprawl indices are employed: the degree of urban dispersion, degree of urban permeation of the landscape, and built-up land uptake per capita. These three indices consider both the growth of built-up areas and population density to measure the magnitude of sprawl. The drivers of urban sprawl have been analyzed at a 1-km2 level. The examined drivers are previous urban dispersion patterns, distance to urban cores, elevation, and slope degree by means of linear regression. Urban sprawl significantly increased between 1950 and 1980, whereas its increase was more moderate between 1980 and 2010. Urban dispersion and permeation strongly affect the Brussels and Flanders regions. The results show that the increase in the degree of dispersion is locally driven by previous values of dispersion; i.e., it provides an adequate milieu for further dispersion. Therefore, our conclusion is that urban sprawl in Belgium tends to be a self-reinforcing process.
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Ebrahimpour-Masoumi, Houshmand. "Urban sprawl in Iranian cities and its differences with the western sprawl." Spatium, no. 27 (2012): 12–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/spat1227012e.
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Recently a number of studies have focused on urban sprawl in the Iranian cities and the negative impacts of such development pattern. Although in a general view the phrase ?urban sprawl? is used for fast and sometimes uncontrolled urbanizations, but there are dissimilarities between the urban sprawl in the western societies with the so-called Iranian urban sprawl. This paper discusses these differences as part of five main aspects that are mentioned in the internationally recognized urban sprawl definitions. Suburban sprawl, single-use developments/zoning, disconnected street network, low accessibility of the new developments, and commercial strip development are the aspects that are descriptively discussed as the main differences between the two types of sprawl. The main point of the discussion is that due to the wide range of similarities, which are briefly introduced, the type of the fast outward urban growth that is observed in the periphery of the Iranian cities can be defined as a part of the universal urban sprawl trend. Finally a definition is suggested for explaining urban sprawl in Iran.
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Zhang, Xueru, Jie Zhou, and Wei Song. "Simulating Urban Sprawl in China Based on the Artificial Neural Network-Cellular Automata-Markov Model." Sustainability 12, no. 11 (May 26, 2020): 4341. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su12114341.
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In recent years, China’s urbanization rate has been increasing rapidly, reaching 59.58% in 2018. Urbanization drives rural-to-urban migration, and inevitably promotes urban sprawl. With the development of remote sensing and geographic information technologies, the monitoring technology for urban sprawl has been constantly innovated. In particular, the emergence of night light data has greatly promoted monitoring research of large-scale and long-time-series urban sprawl. In this paper, the urban sprawl in China in 1992, 1997, 2002, 2007, 2012, and 2017 was identified via night light data, and the Artificial Neural Network-Cellular Automata-Markov (ANN-CA-Markov) model was developed to simulate the future urban sprawl in China. The results show that the suitability of urban sprawl based on the ANN model is as high as 0.864, indicating that the ANN model is very suitable for the simulation of urban sprawl. The Kappa coefficient of simulation results was 0.78, indicating that the ANN-CA-Markov model has a high simulation accuracy on urban sprawl. In the future, the hotspot areas of urban sprawl in China will change over time. Although the urban sprawl in the Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei region, the Yangtze River delta, and the Pearl River delta will still be considerable, the urban sprawl in the Chengdu-Chongqing city cluster, the Guanzhong Plain city cluster, the central plains city cluster, and the middle reaches of the Yangtze River will be more prominent. Overall, China’s urban sprawl will be concentrated in the east of Hu’s line in the future.
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Restivo, Cernigliaro, and Casuccio. "Urban Sprawl and Health Outcome Associations in Sicily." International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 16, no. 8 (April 15, 2019): 1350. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph16081350.
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Urban sprawl has several negative impacts on the environment, the economy, and human health. The main objective of this work was to formulate and validate a sprawl/compactness index for Sicilian municipalities and evaluate its association with health outcomes. An ecological study was conducted with 110 municipalities in Sicily, Italy. Principal component analysis was adopted to create the sprawl/compactness Sicilian index, and linear regression analysis was used to evaluate the association between the sprawl index and health outcomes. More variance of the new sprawl index was explained by the working factor, followed by density, surface extension, and land use mix. When validating the index, we found that public transportation had an inverse relation with sprawl increase (p < 0.001), and private transportation was directly related to the increase in sprawl (p < 0.001). After controlling for the Sicilian socio-economic deprivation index and overall mortality, cardiovascular mortality was the only outcome directly associated with the increase in the sprawl index (odds ratio = 0.0068, p < 0.001). Urban sprawl has to be monitored in Sicily over time to understand the evolution of the urbanization phenomenon and its relationship with health outcomes such as cardiovascular mortality. The use of the sprawl index should help policymakers define the necessary strategic aspects and actions to improve human health and quality of life in cities through a multi-sectorial approach.
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Li, Qixuan, Ying Xu, Xu Yang, and Ke Chen. "Unveiling the Regional Differences and Convergence of Urban Sprawl in China, 2006–2019." Land 12, no. 1 (January 2, 2023): 152. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/land12010152.
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There is an obvious imbalanced regional development among eastern, central, and western China. This is also a fundamental problem that policy makers and planners need to address. Specific to urban development, we wondered whether there were regional differences in urban sprawl and whether this trend was under control. By using the urban sprawl index (USI), this paper investigated the spatiotemporal pattern of urban sprawl from 2006 to 2019, and its regional difference and convergence among eastern, central, and western China. It finds that the cities with high, medium, and low sprawl in the east and west regions are distributed with a clear geographical pattern, while the distribution in the central region has no intuitive geographical features. Also, the proportion of cities with high sprawl in the eastern region is more than that in the other regions, with low sprawl in central China and medium sprawl in the western region. Moreover, urban sprawl in all three regions showed a downward trend, but this process was fluctuating and had obvious phase characteristics. It can be concluded that there is a convergence trend in urban sprawl in China over the research period, and the club convergence effect exists in the eastern, central, and western regions.
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Rohmadiani, Linda Dwi. "Kerentanan Banjir Berdasarkan Tingkat Urban Sprawl." Jurnal Planoearth 5, no. 1 (May 10, 2020): 52. http://dx.doi.org/10.31764/jpe.v5i1.1267.
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Daerah rentan banjir adalah daerah yang berpotensi tinggi untuk terlanda banjir. Tingkat kerentanan banjir dapat ditentukan berdasarkan curah hujan, kelerengan lahan, struktur tanah dan penggunaan atau tutupan lahan. Wilayah Gresik Selatan merupakan daerah periphery Kota Surabaya tertutama untuk bidang perumahan. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah menganalisis tingkat kerentanan banjir berdasarkan tingkat urban sprawl dengan menggunakan metode skoring, overlay dan crastabulation. Metode pengumpulan data dilakukan melalui survei instansi. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa wilayah Gresik Selatan 56,6% sangat rentan terhadap banjir yang terdiri atas 3,3% urban sprawl rendah, 36,1% urban sprawl sedang dan 17,2% urban sprawl tinggi. Urban sprawl di wilayah Gresik Selatan tidak bisa dicegah tetapi pemerintah perlu antisipasi dampaknya terhadap lingkungan, lalu lintas, sosial dan ekonomi.Abstract: Flood prone areas are areas with high potential for flooding. Flood susceptibility can be determined based on rainfall, slope, soil structure and land use or cover. South Gresik Region is the periphery of Surabaya City especially in the housing sector. The purpose of this study is to analyze the level of flood vulnerability based on the level of urban sprawl by using scoring, overlay and crastabulation methods. The method of data collection is done through agency surveys. The results showed that 56.6% of South Gresik area was very vulnerable to flooding which consisted of 3.3% low urban sprawl, 36.1% medium urban sprawl and 17.2% high urban sprawl. Urban sprawl in the South Gresik region cannot be prevented but the government needs to anticipate its impact on the environment, traffic, social and economy.
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Andari, Masyitah Tri, Andrea Emma Pravitasari, and Syaiful Anwar. "Analisis Urban Sprawl sebagai Rekomendasi Pengendalian Pemanfaatan Ruang untuk Pengembangan Lahan Pertanian di Kabupaten Karawang." Journal of Regional and Rural Development Planning 6, no. 1 (February 4, 2022): 74–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.29244/jp2wd.2022.6.1.74-88.
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The increasing conversion of agricultural land to non-agricultural land is the central issue in Karawang Regency. It is caused by the increasing population, urbanization, industrialization, urban expansion, and its position in the Jakarta Bandung Mega Urban Region (JBMUR) corridor. The increasing need for space in urban areas encourages the development to the city’s outskirts (urban sprawl). Urban sprawl is the biggest challenge in Karawang Regency’s spatial planning. The purpose of this study is to identify the spatial pattern of urban sprawl conditions formed from 2009 until 2018 and projecting urban sprawl in 2018 until 2031 as a recommendation for controlling space use for agricultural land development. The method used is urban sprawl analysis with related research, Moran index autocorrelation analysis and Local Indicator of Spatial Association (LISA), analysis of land use alignment and spatial patterns of spatial plan, and overlays. The results of this study indicate that the spatial distribution of urban sprawl occurs along the Cikampek, Telukjambe Barat, Telukjambe Timur, Pangkalan, and Tegalwaru toll roads. The urban sprawl that occurred in 2009 until 2018 has the type of leapfrog development. There was a change to the kind of urban sprawl to kind of ribbon development and an increase in the urban sprawl of 67.14 km2 in the projected urban sprawl in 2018 until 2031. Land use with conformity is much broader than land use that is not aligned with spatial planning. Therefore, first priority recommendation for agricultural land development still dominates in Karawang Regency.
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Yiran, Gerald Albert Baeribameng, Austin Dziwornu Ablo, Freda Elikplim Asem, and George Owusu. "Urban Sprawl in sub-Saharan Africa: A review of the literature in selected countries." Ghana Journal of Geography 12, no. 1 (July 25, 2020): 1–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.4314/gjg.v12i1.1.
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Urban sprawl has gained popularity in academic discourse in recent times, but the majority of the research was conducted in developed countries. There is a marginal body of works on the character and nature of urban sprawl in Sub-Saharan Africa (SSA), although the region isexperiencing one of the fastest rates of sprawl. Urbanisation in SSA is very rapid, and in addition to the emerging challenges of globalisation, climate change and poverty, SSA cities have an enormous task to manage urban sprawl. This paper reviews the literature on urban sprawl in SSAto identify research gaps and propose a research agenda. Published articles from five Anglophone countries in three of the four regional blocks in SSA were selected. The literature was organised into the causes and effects of urban sprawl and showed that the previous research on the subjectfocused mainly on its environmental impacts. Few studies have looked at the effects of sprawl on rural livelihoods, agriculture and food security considering the challenges of global climate change and poverty. Other studies have used Remote Sensing and Geographic InformationSystems, but these were conducted largely for change detection. The paper recommends the deployment of a more comprehensive methodology incorporating remote sensing/GIS with ethnographic methods to capture better the complexity and impacts of urban sprawl in SSA.Additionally, further research attention must be paid to the effects of urban sprawl on rural livelihoods and overall sprawl-induced agrarian change.
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Zhang, Linlin, Guanghui Qiao, Huiling Huang, Yang Chen, and Jiaojiao Luo. "Evaluating Spatiotemporal Distribution of Residential Sprawl and Influencing Factors Based on Multi-Dimensional Measurement and GeoDetector Modelling." International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 18, no. 16 (August 15, 2021): 8619. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph18168619.
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Residential sprawl constitutes a main part of urban sprawl which poses a threat to the inhabitant environment and public health. The purpose of this article is to measure the residential sprawl at a micro-scale using a case study of Hangzhou city. An integrated sprawl index on each 1 km × 1 km residential land cell was calculated based on multi-dimensional indices of morphology, population density, land-use composition, and accessibility, followed by a dynamic assessment of residential sprawl. Furthermore, the method of GeoDetector modeling was applied to investigate the potential effects of location, urbanization, land market, and planning policy on the spatial variation of residential sprawl. The results revealed a positive correlation between CO2 emissions and residential sprawl in Hangzhou. There has been a remarkable increase of sprawl index on residential land cells across the inner suburb and outer suburb, and more than three-fifths of the residential growth during 2000–2010 were evaluated as dynamic sprawl. The rapid development of the land market and urbanization were noted to impact the spatiotemporal distribution of residential sprawl, as q-statistic values of population growth and land price ranked highest. Most notably, the increasing q-statistic values of urban planning and its significant interactions with other factors highlighted the effects of incremental planning policies. The study derived the policy implication that it is necessary to transform the traditional theory and methods of incremental planning.
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Showstrack, Randy. "The sprawl crawl." Eos, Transactions American Geophysical Union 79, no. 38 (September 22, 1998): 450. http://dx.doi.org/10.1029/eo079i038p00450-02.
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Ewing, Reid, and Shima Hamidi. "Compactness versus Sprawl." Journal of Planning Literature 30, no. 4 (July 22, 2015): 413–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0885412215595439.
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In 1997, the Journal of the American Planning Association published a pair of point–counterpoint articles now listed by the American Planning Association as “classics” in the urban planning literature. In the first article, “Are Compact Cities Desirable?” Gordon and Richardson argued in favor of urban sprawl as a benign response to consumer preferences. In the counterpoint article, “Is Los Angeles-Style Sprawl Desirable?” Ewing argued for compact cities as an alternative to sprawl. It is time to reprise the debate. This article summarizes the literature on urban sprawl characteristics and measurements, causes, impacts, and remedies since the original debate.
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Dyble, Louise Nelson. "Revolt Against Sprawl." Journal of Urban History 34, no. 1 (November 2007): 38–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0096144207308049.
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udley, Michael Quinn. "Sprawl as Strategy." Journal of Planning Education and Research 21, no. 1 (September 2001): 52–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0739456x0102100105.
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Kelly-Schwartz, Alexia C., Jean Stockard, Scott Doyle, and Marc Schlossberg. "Is Sprawl Unhealthy?" Journal of Planning Education and Research 24, no. 2 (December 2004): 184–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0739456x04267713.
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White, Richard. "Review Essay: Sprawl." Journal of Planning History 8, no. 3 (August 2009): 274–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1538513209340634.
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Brueckner, Jan K., and Robert W. Helsley. "Sprawl and blight." Journal of Urban Economics 69, no. 2 (March 2011): 205–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jue.2010.09.003.
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Hakim, Besim S. "Sprawl Repair Manual." URBAN DESIGN International 16, no. 4 (October 25, 2011): 297. http://dx.doi.org/10.1057/udi.2011.16.
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Swapan, Mohammad Shahidul Hasan, and Shahed Khan. "Costs of Sprawl." Urban Policy and Research 37, no. 3 (June 27, 2019): 426–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/08111146.2019.1637074.
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PeiSer, Richard. "Decomposing urban sprawl." Town Planning Review 72, no. 3 (January 2001): 275–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.3828/tpr.2001.72.3.275.
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Kenworthy, Jeffrey R. "Costs of Sprawl." Transport Reviews 39, no. 2 (November 15, 2017): 285–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/01441647.2017.1404505.
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Seevarethnam, Mathanraj, Noradila Rusli, Gabriel Hoh Teck Ling, and Ismail Said. "A Geo-Spatial Analysis for Characterising Urban Sprawl Patterns in the Batticaloa Municipal Council, Sri Lanka." Land 10, no. 6 (June 15, 2021): 636. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/land10060636.
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Urban sprawl related to rapid urbanisation in developed and developing nations affects sustainable land use. In Sri Lanka, urban areas have mostly expanded in a rather spontaneous, unplanned manner (based on the current settlers’ subjective movement) rather than conforming to the local government’s development plan. This growth inevitably leads to uncontrolled urban sprawl in many Sri Lankan cities, including Batticaloa. So far, Sri Lanka’s planners or researchers have not yet tackled the sprawling developments in this city. Understanding the different forms and patterns of urban sprawl is the key to address sprawling growth. This study aims to identify the characteristics of urban sprawl in the Batticaloa municipal council using Geographic Information System (GIS) and remote sensing technology. Landsat satellite images for the years 2000, 2010, and 2020 as well as 2002, 2011, and 2019 population data were used and analysed using ArcGIS’ maximum likelihood classification tool and the density function, respectively, to delineate the characteristics of urban sprawl. The results revealed that low-density development, leapfrog development, commercial ribbon development, and scattered growth are the influencing characteristics of urban sprawl in the Batticaloa municipality. These characteristics were found mainly in the urban edge of the city and have led to urban sprawl. The finding provides knowledge into recognising the characteristics of urban sprawl with empirical evidence. It affords a clear direction for future studies of urban sprawl in rapidly growing cities that are numerous in Sri Lanka, and the identified characteristics of urban sprawl can be useful in minimising future sprawl. This result can be a tool for future urban planning and management in the Batticaloa municipality.
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Klinmalai, Siwaporn. "Urban Sprawl: A Comprehensive Reference Guide." Journal of Architectural/Planning Research and Studies (JARS) 12, no. 1 (October 30, 2015): 149–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.56261/jars.v12i1.42184.
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The rapid urbanization has been increasing in mega-cities. It causes many effects in social, economic, or environmental aspect depending on context. The impact on urban development becomes one of visible effects that city planners pay attention to. The planners in U.S. and European cities awakened to initially study urban sprawl phenomenon, as well as a critical situation of haphazard development. Therefore, the urban sprawl theory was originated from western countries’ concept and generally referred in western context. However, this phenomenon occurs not only in western cities but Asian cities also encounter a similar situation. Although sprawl situation is similar in many cities, methodology to measure the extent of sprawl is various based on data source and cause of sprawl in different context that created unique indicators in different study areas. The lacking of earnest sprawl study leads to determination difficulties in urban development of Asian countries. Hence, it is necessary to learn and apply the comprehensive reference study of urban sprawl from western concept.
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Zhang, Lu, Xuehan Lin, Bingkui Qiu, Maomao Zhang, and Qingsong He. "The Industrial Sprawl in China from 2010 to 2019: A Multi-Level Spatial Analysis Based on Urban Scaling Law." International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 19, no. 23 (December 5, 2022): 16255. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph192316255.
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Studying the spatial-temporal distribution industrial sprawl in China is important to solve industrial sprawl problems and promote urban sustainable development. This paper constructed a multi-level spatial analysis of the Chinese industrial sprawl during 2010–2019 by mainly using urban scaling law, supplemented by GIS methods. Results showed that: (1) China had obvious industrial sprawl with a growth rate of 31.79%, reaching 2762.37 km2 between 2010 and 2019. (2) There was a stronger industrial sprawl in large cities with a larger population according to urban scaling law, especially in the East. (3) The industrial sprawl was mainly concentrated in the cities in the Northeast, Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei region, Shandong Peninsula, Yangtze River Delta region, Pearl River Delta region, Middle Yangtze River region, Fujian Province, and some cities in the West. (4) The gravity center of industrial sprawl generally moved southwest and distributed in Hubei Province. This study provided references for improving the efficiency of industrial land use and promoting high-quality urban development.
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Bueno-Suárez, Carlos, and Daniel Coq-Huelva. "Sustaining What Is Unsustainable: A Review of Urban Sprawl and Urban Socio-Environmental Policies in North America and Western Europe." Sustainability 12, no. 11 (May 30, 2020): 4445. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su12114445.
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Urban sprawl and its economic, social, and environmental consequences are central issues for approaching more sustainable forms of life and production. This review provides a broad theoretical exploration of the main features of urban sprawl but also of sustainable urban policies in Western Europe and North America. Urban sprawl can be observed in both continents, as the search for higher standards of economic, social, and environmental sustainability is also an essential feature of urban governance in the last years. Urban sprawl has been slightly weaker in Western Europe, as its are cities generally more compact. Moreover, in Western Europe, urban sprawl has sometimes been confronted with ex-ante preventive policies. However, in North America, urban sprawl from the 1950s has been an essential element of the social ordering and, thus, of the American way of life. In both cases, urban sprawl has generated successive rounds of accumulation of built capital, which is currently managed in sustainable ways essentially through ex-post and palliative measures, that is, trying to “sustain what is unsustainable”. In other words, the idea is to make urban sprawl more sustainable but without altering its main morphological elements.
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Zhang, Qian, Huaxing Zhang, Dan Zhao, Baodong Cheng, Chang Yu, and Yanli Yang. "Does Urban Sprawl Inhibit Urban Eco-Efficiency? Empirical Studies of Super-Efficiency and Threshold Regression Models." Sustainability 11, no. 20 (October 11, 2019): 5598. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su11205598.
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With rapid urbanization in China, the phenomenon of urban sprawl has become prominent and has severely challenged sustainable urbanization and ecological civilization. Aiming to understand the impact of urban sprawl on the urban environment, this study calculates the eco-efficiency of 264 prefecture-level cities in China from 2003 to 2016 by using a super-efficiency data envelopment analysis model. Then, we establish a panel Tobit model and threshold regression model to empirically test the impact of urban sprawl on eco-efficiency and the threshold effect of the urban scale. The results show that urban sprawl hinders the improvement of urban eco-efficiency, especially in Eastern China, but relatively weak or even insignificant effects are observed in Central and Western China. Additionally, a threshold effect of urban sprawl on eco-efficiency can be found. When the city scale is small, urban sprawl seriously hinders the improvement of eco-efficiency. As the city scale gradually expands, the negative effect of urban sprawl on eco-efficiency first decreases, then the restraining effect is gradually strengthened. Our research findings can aid urban development in cities with different scales to reduce the negative effect of urban sprawl on the urban environment.
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Behnisch, Martin, Tobias Krüger, and Jochen A. G. Jaeger. "Rapid rise in urban sprawl: Global hotspots and trends since 1990." PLOS Sustainability and Transformation 1, no. 11 (November 9, 2022): e0000034. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pstr.0000034.
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Dispersed low-density development–“urban sprawl”–has many detrimental environmental, economic, and social consequences. Sprawl leads to higher greenhouse-gas emissions and poses an increasing threat to the long-term availability of many vital ecosystem services. Therefore, urban sprawl is in stark contradiction to the principles of sustainable land use and to the need for a sustainability transformation. This study presents the degree of urban sprawl on the planet at multiple spatial scales (continents, UN regions, countries, subnational units, and a regular grid) for the period 1990–2014. Urban sprawl increased by 95% in 24 years, almost 4% per year, with built-up areas growing by almost 28 km2 per day, or 1.16 km2 per hour. The results demonstrate that Europe has been the most sprawled and also the most rapidly sprawling continent, by 51% since 1990. At the scale of UN regions, the highest relative increases in urban sprawl were observed in East Asia, Western Africa, and Southeast Asia. Urban sprawl per capita has been highest in Oceania and North America, exhibiting a minor decline since 1990, while it has been increasing rapidly in Europe, by almost 47% since 1990. The study revealed a strong relationship between urban sprawl and the level of human development as measured by the Human Development Index (HDI). The results suggest that it will be important for a more sustainable future to find a better balance between a high quality of life and using land more sparingly. There is an urgent need to stop urban sprawl, since current regulations and measures in developed countries are apparently not effective at limiting it. Monitoring urban sprawl can serve to guide policy development such as the implementation of targets and limits and to evaluate the effectiveness of urban growth management strategies at mitigating urban sprawl.
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Rahmawati, Hapsah, and Ernady Syaodih. "Kajian Peran Organisasi Perangkat Daerah (OPD) dalam Menangani Dampak Urban Sprawl di Kecamatan Cibiru Kota Bandung Guna Keberlanjutan Lingkungan Perkotaan." Bandung Conference Series: Urban & Regional Planning 2, no. 2 (July 29, 2022): 138–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.29313/bcsurp.v2i2.2856.
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Abstract. This study was preceded by the emergence of urban problems, namely the urban sprawl phenomenon. Urban problems such as urban sprawl can have an impact on the environment so that it demands a concept that needs to be applied and prioritized in current development in order to realize sustainable development. Environmental problems are caused by the increasing population growth in urban areas. In addition, there is a need for a study related to the role of stakeholders in efforts to handle urban sprawl in order to determine the extent of the performance of the Bandung City Government in dealing with the impacts arising from this phenomenon. These things motivated the author to conduct a study related to the role of regional apparatus organizations (OPD) in dealing with the impact of urban sprawl in Cibiru District. This study also aims to identify the impact of the urban sprawl phenomenon in Cibiru District, Bandung City and the role of stakeholders in dealing with the impact of the urban sprawl phenomenon in Cibiru District. The analytical method used in this research is descriptive qualitative analysis and MACTOR method. With this method, the impact of the urban sprawl phenomenon in Cibiru District can be identified, namely the emergence of floods and landslides. Also, the identification of 3 (three) main actors who have the highest influence in dealing with urban sprawl in Cibiru District, namely the Badan Perencanaan Pembangunan, Penelitian dan Pengembangan Kota Bandung; Badan Pertanahan Nasional Kota Bandung; and Kecamatan Cibiru.
Abstrak. Studi ini didahului dengan timbulnya permasalahan perkotaan yaitu fenomena urban sprawl. Permasalahan perkotaan seperti urban sprawl dapat menimbulkan dampak terhadap lingkungan sehingga menuntut adanya sebuah konsep yang perlu diterapkan dan diutamakan dalam pembangunan saat ini agar terwujudnya pembangunan berkelanjutan. Permasalahan lingkungan diakibatkan dari pertumbuhan penduduk di perkotaan semakin tinggi. Selain itu, perlu adanya kajian terkait peran stakeholder dalam upaya penanganan urban sprawl guna mengetahui sejauh mana kinerja Pemerintah Kota Bandung dalam menangani dampak yang timbul akibat fenomena tersebut. Hal-hal inilah yang melatarbelakangi penulis untuk melakukan kajian terkait peran organisasi perangkat daerah (OPD) dalam menangani dampak urban sprawl di Kecamatan Cibiru. Studi ini pun bertujuan untuk Mengidentifikasi dampak dari adanya fenomena urban sprawl di Kecamatan Cibiru Kota Bandung dan peran stakeholder dalam menangani dampak dari fenomena urban sprawl di Kecamatan Cibiru. Metode analisis yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini yaitu analisis deskriptif kualitatif dan metode MACTOR. Dengan metode tersebut, dapat teridentifikasi dampak dari fenomena urban sprawl di Kecamatan Cibiru yaitu timbulnya banjir dan longsor. Serta, teridentifikasinya 3(Tiga) aktor utama yang memiliki pengaruh tertinggi dalam menangani urban sprawl di Kecamatan Cibiru yaitu Badan Perencanaan Pembangunan, Penelitian dan Pengembangan Kota Bandung; Badan Pertanahan Nasional Kota Bandung; dan Kecamatan Cibiru.
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Lityński, Piotr, and Artur Hołuj. "Macroeconomic Perspective on Urban Sprawl: A Multidimensional Approach in Poland." Land 10, no. 2 (January 26, 2021): 116. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/land10020116.
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There are important relationships between the urban sprawl process and economic growth. They are usually expressed through spatial relations and changes taking place in the local, regional and national economy. The temporal and spatial dimension, including dispersed location, are the determinants of development and economic growth. Therefore, the urban sprawl phenomenon and the related location, hypothetically conditioning economic growth, should be subject to macroeconomic research. The article examines how urban sprawl affects the national budget and national economic growth. Unlike many studies where urban sprawl is studied by scattering the population around cities, we undertake more complex examination using buildings’ location. Urban sprawl, as we understand it, is a spontaneous spread of buildings around cities. To assess the spontaneity, we use a grid of squares with a side of 500 m. The squares are used to calculate the morphological indicators of urban sprawl. Therefore, quantified urban sprawl is one side of the equation; on the other side are macroeconomic variables. In this way, we examine the relationship between urban sprawl and the national budget and economic growth of Poland. The conclusions obtained are, e.g., urban sprawl does not have a negative effect on the national economy and the budget. This is a different conclusion from those thus far. There are also different conclusions on the regional level. Based on the research results, we formulate recommendations for national economic policy and spatial policy.